this version is intended to be fully conformant to the ISO C, POSIX,
and IEEE standards for conversion of decimal/hex floating point
strings to float, double, and long double (ld64 or ld80 only at
present) values. in particular, all results are intended to be rounded
correctly according to the current rounding mode. further, this
implementation aims to set the floating point underflow, overflow, and
inexact flags to reflect the conversion performed.
a moderate amount of testing has been performed (by nsz and myself)
prior to integration of the code in musl, but it still may have bugs.
so far, only strto(d|ld|f) use the new code. scanf integration will be
done as a separate commit, and i will add implementations of the wide
character functions later.
alloca cannot be a function. #define it to the gcc builtin if possible
gcc makes this mapping by default anyway, but it will be disabled by
-fno-builtin (and presumably by -std=c99 or similar). for the main
program the error will be reported by the linker, and the issue can
easily be fixed, but for dynamic-loaded so files, the error cannot be
detected until dlopen time, at which point it has become very obscure.
when the "r" (register) constraint is used to let gcc choose a
register, gcc will sometimes assign the same register that was used
for one of the other fixed-register operands, if it knows the values
are the same. one common case is multiple zero arguments to a syscall.
this horribly breaks the intended usage, which is swapping the GOT
pointer from ebx into the temp register and back to perform the
syscall.
presumably there is a way to fix this with advanced usage of register
constaints on the inline asm, but having bad memories about hellish
compatibility issues with different gcc versions, for the time being
i'm just going to hard-code specific registers to be used. this may
hurt the compiler's ability to optimize, but it will fix serious
miscompilation issues.
so far the only function i know what compiled incorrectly is
getrlimit.c, and naturally the bug only applies to shared (PIC)
builds, but it may be more extensive and may have gone undetected..
the buffer in getaddrinfo really only matters when /etc/hosts is huge,
but in that case, the huge number of syscalls resulting from a tiny
buffer would seriously impact the performance of every name lookup.
the buffer in __dns.c has also been enlarged a bit so that typical
resolv.conf files will fit fully in the buffer. there's no need to
make it so large as to dominate the syscall overhead for large files,
because resolv.conf should never be large.
nsz [Thu, 29 Mar 2012 12:05:16 +0000 (14:05 +0200)]
math: remove x86 modf asm
the int part was wrong when -1 < x <= -0 (+0.0 instead of -0.0)
and the size and performace gain of the asm version was negligible
nsz [Tue, 27 Mar 2012 20:49:37 +0000 (22:49 +0200)]
math: fix a regression in powl and do some cleanups
previously a division was accidentally turned into integer div
(w = -i/NXT;) instead of long double div (w = -i; w /= NXT;)
Rich Felker [Fri, 23 Mar 2012 05:52:49 +0000 (01:52 -0400)]
asm for hypot and hypotf
special care is made to avoid any inexact computations when either arg
is zero (in which case the exact absolute value of the other arg
should be returned) and to support the special condition that
hypot(±inf,nan) yields inf.
hypotl is not yet implemented since avoiding overflow is nontrivial.
Rich Felker [Fri, 23 Mar 2012 04:28:20 +0000 (00:28 -0400)]
make dlerror conform to posix
the error status is required to be sticky after failure of dlopen or
dlsym until cleared by dlerror. applications and especially libraries
should never rely on this since it is not thread-safe and subject to
race conditions, but glib does anyway.
nsz [Thu, 22 Mar 2012 13:54:47 +0000 (14:54 +0100)]
acos.s fix: use the formula acos(x) = atan2(sqrt(1-x),sqrt(1+x))
the old formula atan2(1,sqrt((1+x)/(1-x))) was faster but
could give nan result at x=1 when the rounding mode is
FE_DOWNWARD (so 1-1 == -0 and 2/-0 == -inf), the new formula
gives -0 at x=+-1 with downward rounding.
Rich Felker [Wed, 21 Mar 2012 16:42:48 +0000 (12:42 -0400)]
fix DECIMAL_DIG definitions
DECIMAL_DIG is not the same as LDBL_DIG
type_DIG is the maximimum number of decimal digits that can survive a
round trip from decimal to type and back to decimal.
DECIMAL_DIG is the minimum number of decimal digits required in order
for any floating point type to survive the round trip to decimal and
back, and it is generally larger than LDBL_DIG. since the exact
formula is non-trivial, and defining it larger than necessary may be
legal but wasteful, just define the right value in bits/float.h.
Rich Felker [Wed, 21 Mar 2012 03:29:24 +0000 (23:29 -0400)]
x86_64 math asm, long double functions only
this has not been tested heavily, but it's known to at least assemble
and run in basic usage cases. it's nearly identical to the
corresponding i386 code, and thus expected to be just as correct or
just as incorrect.
Rich Felker [Tue, 20 Mar 2012 23:44:05 +0000 (19:44 -0400)]
upgrade to latest upstream TRE regex code (0.8.0)
the main practical results of this change are
1. the regex code is no longer subject to LGPL; it's now 2-clause BSD
2. most (all?) popular nonstandard regex extensions are supported
I hesitate to call this a "sync" since both the old and new code are
heavily modified. in one sense, the old code was "more severely"
modified, in that it was actively hostile to non-strictly-conforming
expressions. on the other hand, the new code has eliminated the
useless translation of the entire regex string to wchar_t prior to
compiling, and now only converts multibyte character literals as
needed.
in the future i may use this modified TRE as a basis for writing the
long-planned new regex engine that will avoid multibyte-to-wide
character conversion entirely by compiling multibyte bracket
expressions specific to UTF-8.
nsz [Tue, 20 Mar 2012 21:49:19 +0000 (22:49 +0100)]
nearbyint optimization (only clear inexact when necessary)
old code saved/restored the fenv (the new code is only as slow
as that when inexact is not set before the call, but some other
flag is set and the rounding is inexact, which is rare)
before:
bench_nearbyint_exact 5000000 N 261 ns/op
bench_nearbyint_inexact_set 5000000 N 262 ns/op
bench_nearbyint_inexact_unset 5000000 N 261 ns/op
after:
bench_nearbyint_exact 10000000 N 94.99 ns/op
bench_nearbyint_inexact_set 25000000 N 65.81 ns/op
bench_nearbyint_inexact_unset 10000000 N 94.97 ns/op
Rich Felker [Tue, 20 Mar 2012 04:51:32 +0000 (00:51 -0400)]
optimize scalbn family
the fscale instruction is slow everywhere, probably because it
involves a costly and unnecessary integer truncation operation that
ends up being a no-op in common usages. instead, construct a floating
point scale value with integer arithmetic and simply multiply by it,
when possible.
for float and double, this is always possible by going to the
next-larger type. we use some cheap but effective saturating
arithmetic tricks to make sure even very large-magnitude exponents
fit. for long double, if the scaling exponent is too large to fit in
the exponent of a long double value, we simply fallback to the
expensive fscale method.
on atom cpu, these changes speed up scalbn by over 30%. (min rdtsc
timing dropped from 110 cycles to 70 cycles.)
Rich Felker [Tue, 20 Mar 2012 01:55:53 +0000 (21:55 -0400)]
fix exp asm
exponents (base 2) near 16383 were broken due to (1) wrong cutoff, and
(2) inability to fit the necessary range of scalings into a long
double value.
as a solution, we fall back to using frndint/fscale for insanely large
exponents, and also have to special-case infinities here to avoid
inf-inf generating nan.
thankfully the costly code never runs in normal usage cases.
nsz [Mon, 19 Mar 2012 22:41:19 +0000 (23:41 +0100)]
code cleanup of named constants
zero, one, two, half are replaced by const literals
The policy was to use the f suffix for float consts (1.0f),
but don't use suffix for long double consts (these consts
can be exactly represented as double).
nsz [Mon, 19 Mar 2012 22:30:45 +0000 (23:30 +0100)]
don't try to create non-standard denormalization signal
Underflow exception is only raised when the result is
invalid, but fmod is always exact. x87 has a denormalization
exception, but that's nonstandard. And the superflous *1.0
will be optimized away by any compiler that does not honor
signaling nans.
nsz [Mon, 19 Mar 2012 21:57:58 +0000 (22:57 +0100)]
use scalbn or *2.0 instead of ldexp, fix fmal
Some code assumed ldexp(x, 1) is faster than 2.0*x,
but ldexp is a wrapper around scalbn which uses
multiplications inside, so this optimization is
wrong.
This commit also fixes fmal which accidentally
used ldexp instead of ldexpl loosing precision.
There are various additional changes from the
work-in-progress const cleanups.
nsz [Mon, 19 Mar 2012 17:52:17 +0000 (18:52 +0100)]
remove long double const workarounds
Some long double consts were stored in two doubles as a workaround
for x86_64 and i386 with the following comment:
/* Long double constants are slow on these arches, and broken on i386. */
This is most likely old gcc bug related to the default x87 fpu
precision setting (it's double instead of double extended on BSD).
Rich Felker [Mon, 19 Mar 2012 13:00:30 +0000 (09:00 -0400)]
optimize exponential asm for i386
up to 30% faster exp2 by avoiding slow frndint and fscale functions.
expm1 also takes a much more direct path for small arguments (the
expected usage case).
Rich Felker [Mon, 19 Mar 2012 09:15:30 +0000 (05:15 -0400)]
asm for scalbn family
unlike some implementations, these functions perform the equivalent of
gcc's -ffloat-store on the result before returning. this is necessary
to raise underflow/overflow/inexact exceptions, perform the correct
rounding with denormals, etc.
Rich Felker [Mon, 19 Mar 2012 08:56:07 +0000 (04:56 -0400)]
asm for inverse trig functions
unlike trig functions, these are easy to do in asm because they do not
involve (arbitrary-precision) argument reduction. fpatan automatically
takes care of domain issues, and in asin and acos, fsqrt takes care of
them for us.
Rich Felker [Sun, 18 Mar 2012 20:43:54 +0000 (16:43 -0400)]
asm versions of some simple math functions for i386 and x86_64
these are functions that have direct fpu approaches to implementation
without problematic exception or rounding issues. x86_64 lacks
float/double versions because i'm unfamiliar with the necessary sse
code for performing these operations.
nsz [Sun, 18 Mar 2012 18:27:39 +0000 (19:27 +0100)]
faster lrint and llrint functions
A faster workaround for spurious inexact exceptions
when the result cannot be represented. The old code
actually could be wrong, because gcc reordered the
integer conversion and the exception check.
nsz [Sat, 17 Mar 2012 12:46:15 +0000 (13:46 +0100)]
fix i386 fegetround and make fesetround faster
Note that the new fesetround has slightly different semantics:
Storing the floating-point environment with fnstenv makes the
next fldenv (or fldcw) "non-signaling", so unmasked and pending
exceptions does not invoke the exception handler.
(These are rare since exceptions are handled immediately and by
default all exceptions are masked anyway. But if one manually
unmasks an exception in the control word then either sets the
corresponding exception flag in the status word or the execution
of an exception raising floating-point operation gets interrupted
then it may happen).
So the old implementation did not trap in some rare cases
where the new implementation traps.
However POSIX does not specify anything like the x87 exception
handling traps and the fnstenv/fldenv pair is significantly slower
than the fnstcw/fldcw pair (new code is about 5x faster here and
it's dominated by the function call overhead).