if (strategy == CubeKNNDistanceCoord)
{
+ /*
+ * Handle ordering by ~> operator. See comments of cube_coord_llur()
+ * for details
+ */
int coord = PG_GETARG_INT32(1);
+ bool isLeaf = GistPageIsLeaf(entry->page);
- if (IS_POINT(cube))
- retval = cube->x[(coord - 1) % DIM(cube)];
+ /* 0 is the only unsupported coordinate value */
+ if (coord <= 0)
+ ereport(ERROR,
+ (errcode(ERRCODE_ARRAY_ELEMENT_ERROR),
+ errmsg("cube index %d is out of bounds", coord)));
+
+ if (coord <= 2 * DIM(cube))
+ {
+ /* dimension index */
+ int index = (coord - 1) / 2;
+ /* whether this is upper bound (lower bound otherwise) */
+ bool upper = ((coord - 1) % 2 == 1);
+
+ if (IS_POINT(cube))
+ {
+ retval = cube->x[index];
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ if (isLeaf)
+ {
+ /* For leaf just return required upper/lower bound */
+ if (upper)
+ retval = Max(cube->x[index], cube->x[index + DIM(cube)]);
+ else
+ retval = Min(cube->x[index], cube->x[index + DIM(cube)]);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /*
+ * For non-leaf we should always return lower bound,
+ * because even upper bound of a child in the subtree can
+ * be as small as our lower bound.
+ */
+ retval = Min(cube->x[index], cube->x[index + DIM(cube)]);
+ }
+ }
+ }
else
- retval = Min(cube->x[(coord - 1) % DIM(cube)],
- cube->x[(coord - 1) % DIM(cube) + DIM(cube)]);
+ {
+ retval = 0.0;
+ }
}
else
{
}
-/*
- * This function works like cube_coord(),
- * but rearranges coordinates of corners to get cube representation
- * in the form of (lower left, upper right).
- * For historical reasons that extension allows us to create cubes in form
- * ((2,1),(1,2)) and instead of normalizing such cube to ((1,1),(2,2)) it
- * stores cube in original way. But to get cubes ordered by one of dimensions
- * directly from the index without extra sort step we need some
- * representation-independent coordinate getter. This function implements it.
+/*----
+ * This function works like cube_coord(), but rearranges coordinates in the
+ * way suitable to support coordinate ordering using KNN-GiST. For historical
+ * reasons this extension allows us to create cubes in form ((2,1),(1,2)) and
+ * instead of normalizing such cube to ((1,1),(2,2)) it stores cube in original
+ * way. But in order to get cubes ordered by one of dimensions from the index
+ * without explicit sort step we need this representation-independent coordinate
+ * getter. Moreover, indexed dataset may contain cubes of different dimensions
+ * number. Accordingly, this coordinate getter should be able to return
+ * lower/upper bound for particular dimension independently on number of cube
+ * dimensions.
+ *
+ * Long story short, this function uses following meaning of coordinates:
+ * # (2 * N - 1) -- lower bound of Nth dimension,
+ * # (2 * N) -- upper bound of Nth dimension.
+ *
+ * When given coordinate exceeds number of cube dimensions, then 0 returned
+ * (reproducing logic of GiST indexing of variable-length cubes).
*/
Datum
cube_coord_llur(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
NDBOX *cube = PG_GETARG_NDBOX(0);
int coord = PG_GETARG_INT32(1);
+ bool inverse = false;
+ float8 result;
- if (coord <= 0 || coord > 2 * DIM(cube))
+ /* 0 is the only unsupported coordinate value */
+ if (coord <= 0)
ereport(ERROR,
(errcode(ERRCODE_ARRAY_ELEMENT_ERROR),
errmsg("cube index %d is out of bounds", coord)));
- if (coord <= DIM(cube))
+ if (coord <= 2 * DIM(cube))
{
+ /* dimension index */
+ int index = (coord - 1) / 2;
+ /* whether this is upper bound (lower bound otherwise) */
+ bool upper = ((coord - 1) % 2 == 1);
+
if (IS_POINT(cube))
- PG_RETURN_FLOAT8(cube->x[coord - 1]);
+ {
+ result = cube->x[index];
+ }
else
- PG_RETURN_FLOAT8(Min(cube->x[coord - 1],
- cube->x[coord - 1 + DIM(cube)]));
+ {
+ if (upper)
+ result = Max(cube->x[index], cube->x[index + DIM(cube)]);
+ else
+ result = Min(cube->x[index], cube->x[index + DIM(cube)]);
+ }
}
else
{
- if (IS_POINT(cube))
- PG_RETURN_FLOAT8(cube->x[(coord - 1) % DIM(cube)]);
- else
- PG_RETURN_FLOAT8(Max(cube->x[coord - 1],
- cube->x[coord - 1 - DIM(cube)]));
+ /*
+ * Return zero if coordinate is out of bound. That reproduces logic of
+ * how cubes with low dimension number are expanded during GiST
+ * indexing.
+ */
+ result = 0.0;
}
+
+ /* Inverse value if needed */
+ if (inverse)
+ result = -result;
+
+ PG_RETURN_FLOAT8(result);
}
/* Increase or decrease box size by a radius in at least n dimensions. */
SELECT cube(array[10,20,30], array[40,50,60])~>2;
?column?
----------
- 20
+ 40
(1 row)
SELECT cube(array[40,50,60], array[10,20,30])~>2;
?column?
----------
- 20
+ 40
(1 row)
SELECT cube(array[10,20,30], array[40,50,60])~>3;
?column?
----------
- 30
+ 20
(1 row)
SELECT cube(array[40,50,60], array[10,20,30])~>3;
?column?
----------
- 30
+ 20
(1 row)
SELECT cube(array[40,50,60], array[10,20,30])~>0;
SELECT cube(array[40,50,60], array[10,20,30])~>4;
?column?
----------
- 40
+ 50
(1 row)
SELECT cube(array[40,50,60], array[10,20,30])~>(-1);
(2424, 160),(2424, 81)
(5 rows)
--- kNN with index
+-- Test kNN
+INSERT INTO test_cube VALUES ('(1,1)'), ('(100000)'), ('(0, 100000)'); -- Some corner cases
+SET enable_seqscan = false;
+-- Test different metrics
SELECT *, c <-> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <-> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
c | dist
-------------------------+------------------
(337, 455),(240, 359) | 0
+ (1, 1) | 140.007142674936
(759, 187),(662, 163) | 162
(948, 1201),(907, 1156) | 772.000647668122
(1444, 403),(1346, 344) | 846
- (369, 1457),(278, 1409) | 909
(5 rows)
SELECT *, c <=> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <=> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
c | dist
-------------------------+------
(337, 455),(240, 359) | 0
+ (1, 1) | 99
(759, 187),(662, 163) | 162
(948, 1201),(907, 1156) | 656
(1444, 403),(1346, 344) | 846
- (369, 1457),(278, 1409) | 909
(5 rows)
SELECT *, c <#> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <#> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
-------------------------+------
(337, 455),(240, 359) | 0
(759, 187),(662, 163) | 162
+ (1, 1) | 198
(1444, 403),(1346, 344) | 846
(369, 1457),(278, 1409) | 909
- (948, 1201),(907, 1156) | 1063
(5 rows)
--- kNN-based sorting
-SELECT * FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>1 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by 1st coordinate of lower left corner
- c
----------------------------
- (54, 38679),(3, 38602)
- (83, 10271),(15, 10265)
- (122, 46832),(64, 46762)
- (167, 17214),(92, 17184)
- (161, 24465),(107, 24374)
- (162, 26040),(120, 25963)
- (154, 4019),(138, 3990)
- (259, 1850),(175, 1820)
- (207, 40886),(179, 40879)
- (288, 49588),(204, 49571)
- (270, 32616),(226, 32607)
- (318, 31489),(235, 31404)
- (337, 455),(240, 359)
- (270, 29508),(264, 29440)
- (369, 1457),(278, 1409)
+-- Test sorting by coordinates
+SELECT c~>1, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>1 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by left bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (0, 100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 3 | (54, 38679),(3, 38602)
+ 15 | (83, 10271),(15, 10265)
+ 64 | (122, 46832),(64, 46762)
+ 92 | (167, 17214),(92, 17184)
+ 107 | (161, 24465),(107, 24374)
+ 120 | (162, 26040),(120, 25963)
+ 138 | (154, 4019),(138, 3990)
+ 175 | (259, 1850),(175, 1820)
+ 179 | (207, 40886),(179, 40879)
+ 204 | (288, 49588),(204, 49571)
+ 226 | (270, 32616),(226, 32607)
+ 235 | (318, 31489),(235, 31404)
+ 240 | (337, 455),(240, 359)
(15 rows)
-SELECT * FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>4 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by 2nd coordinate or upper right corner
- c
----------------------------
- (30333, 50),(30273, 6)
- (43301, 75),(43227, 43)
- (19650, 142),(19630, 51)
- (2424, 160),(2424, 81)
- (3449, 171),(3354, 108)
- (18037, 155),(17941, 109)
- (28511, 208),(28479, 114)
- (19946, 217),(19941, 118)
- (16906, 191),(16816, 139)
- (759, 187),(662, 163)
- (22684, 266),(22656, 181)
- (24423, 255),(24360, 213)
- (45989, 249),(45910, 222)
- (11399, 377),(11360, 294)
- (12162, 389),(12103, 309)
+SELECT c~>2, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>2 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by right bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (0, 100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 54 | (54, 38679),(3, 38602)
+ 83 | (83, 10271),(15, 10265)
+ 122 | (122, 46832),(64, 46762)
+ 154 | (154, 4019),(138, 3990)
+ 161 | (161, 24465),(107, 24374)
+ 162 | (162, 26040),(120, 25963)
+ 167 | (167, 17214),(92, 17184)
+ 207 | (207, 40886),(179, 40879)
+ 259 | (259, 1850),(175, 1820)
+ 270 | (270, 29508),(264, 29440)
+ 270 | (270, 32616),(226, 32607)
+ 288 | (288, 49588),(204, 49571)
+ 318 | (318, 31489),(235, 31404)
(15 rows)
-SELECT * FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>1 DESC LIMIT 15; -- descending by 1st coordinate of lower left corner
- c
--------------------------------
- (50027, 49230),(49951, 49214)
- (49980, 35004),(49937, 34963)
- (49985, 6436),(49927, 6338)
- (49999, 27218),(49908, 27176)
- (49954, 1340),(49905, 1294)
- (49944, 25163),(49902, 25153)
- (49981, 34876),(49898, 34786)
- (49957, 43390),(49897, 43384)
- (49853, 18504),(49848, 18503)
- (49902, 41752),(49818, 41746)
- (49907, 30225),(49810, 30158)
- (49843, 5175),(49808, 5145)
- (49887, 24274),(49805, 24184)
- (49847, 7128),(49798, 7067)
- (49820, 7990),(49771, 7967)
+SELECT c~>3, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>3 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by lower bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 6 | (30333, 50),(30273, 6)
+ 43 | (43301, 75),(43227, 43)
+ 51 | (19650, 142),(19630, 51)
+ 81 | (2424, 160),(2424, 81)
+ 108 | (3449, 171),(3354, 108)
+ 109 | (18037, 155),(17941, 109)
+ 114 | (28511, 208),(28479, 114)
+ 118 | (19946, 217),(19941, 118)
+ 139 | (16906, 191),(16816, 139)
+ 163 | (759, 187),(662, 163)
+ 181 | (22684, 266),(22656, 181)
+ 213 | (24423, 255),(24360, 213)
+ 222 | (45989, 249),(45910, 222)
(15 rows)
-SELECT * FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>4 DESC LIMIT 15; -- descending by 2nd coordinate or upper right corner
- c
--------------------------------
- (36311, 50073),(36258, 49987)
- (30746, 50040),(30727, 49992)
- (2168, 50012),(2108, 49914)
- (21551, 49983),(21492, 49885)
- (17954, 49975),(17865, 49915)
- (3531, 49962),(3463, 49934)
- (19128, 49932),(19112, 49849)
- (31287, 49923),(31236, 49913)
- (43925, 49912),(43888, 49878)
- (29261, 49910),(29247, 49818)
- (14913, 49873),(14849, 49836)
- (20007, 49858),(19921, 49778)
- (38266, 49852),(38233, 49844)
- (37595, 49849),(37581, 49834)
- (46151, 49848),(46058, 49830)
+SELECT c~>4, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>4 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by upper bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 50 | (30333, 50),(30273, 6)
+ 75 | (43301, 75),(43227, 43)
+ 142 | (19650, 142),(19630, 51)
+ 155 | (18037, 155),(17941, 109)
+ 160 | (2424, 160),(2424, 81)
+ 171 | (3449, 171),(3354, 108)
+ 187 | (759, 187),(662, 163)
+ 191 | (16906, 191),(16816, 139)
+ 208 | (28511, 208),(28479, 114)
+ 217 | (19946, 217),(19941, 118)
+ 249 | (45989, 249),(45910, 222)
+ 255 | (24423, 255),(24360, 213)
+ 266 | (22684, 266),(22656, 181)
(15 rows)
--- same thing for index with points
-CREATE TABLE test_point(c cube);
-INSERT INTO test_point(SELECT cube(array[c->1,c->2,c->3,c->4]) FROM test_cube);
-CREATE INDEX ON test_point USING gist(c);
-SELECT * FROM test_point ORDER BY c~>1, c~>2 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by 1st then by 2nd coordinate
- c
---------------------------
- (54, 38679, 3, 38602)
- (83, 10271, 15, 10265)
- (122, 46832, 64, 46762)
- (154, 4019, 138, 3990)
- (161, 24465, 107, 24374)
- (162, 26040, 120, 25963)
- (167, 17214, 92, 17184)
- (207, 40886, 179, 40879)
- (259, 1850, 175, 1820)
- (270, 29508, 264, 29440)
- (270, 32616, 226, 32607)
- (288, 49588, 204, 49571)
- (318, 31489, 235, 31404)
- (326, 18837, 285, 18817)
- (337, 455, 240, 359)
+-- Same queries with sequential scan (should give the same results as above)
+RESET enable_seqscan;
+SET enable_indexscan = OFF;
+SELECT *, c <-> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <-> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
+ c | dist
+-------------------------+------------------
+ (337, 455),(240, 359) | 0
+ (1, 1) | 140.007142674936
+ (759, 187),(662, 163) | 162
+ (948, 1201),(907, 1156) | 772.000647668122
+ (1444, 403),(1346, 344) | 846
+(5 rows)
+
+SELECT *, c <=> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <=> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
+ c | dist
+-------------------------+------
+ (337, 455),(240, 359) | 0
+ (1, 1) | 99
+ (759, 187),(662, 163) | 162
+ (948, 1201),(907, 1156) | 656
+ (1444, 403),(1346, 344) | 846
+(5 rows)
+
+SELECT *, c <#> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <#> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
+ c | dist
+-------------------------+------
+ (337, 455),(240, 359) | 0
+ (759, 187),(662, 163) | 162
+ (1, 1) | 198
+ (1444, 403),(1346, 344) | 846
+ (369, 1457),(278, 1409) | 909
+(5 rows)
+
+SELECT c~>1, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>1 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by left bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (0, 100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 3 | (54, 38679),(3, 38602)
+ 15 | (83, 10271),(15, 10265)
+ 64 | (122, 46832),(64, 46762)
+ 92 | (167, 17214),(92, 17184)
+ 107 | (161, 24465),(107, 24374)
+ 120 | (162, 26040),(120, 25963)
+ 138 | (154, 4019),(138, 3990)
+ 175 | (259, 1850),(175, 1820)
+ 179 | (207, 40886),(179, 40879)
+ 204 | (288, 49588),(204, 49571)
+ 226 | (270, 32616),(226, 32607)
+ 235 | (318, 31489),(235, 31404)
+ 240 | (337, 455),(240, 359)
+(15 rows)
+
+SELECT c~>2, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>2 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by right bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (0, 100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 54 | (54, 38679),(3, 38602)
+ 83 | (83, 10271),(15, 10265)
+ 122 | (122, 46832),(64, 46762)
+ 154 | (154, 4019),(138, 3990)
+ 161 | (161, 24465),(107, 24374)
+ 162 | (162, 26040),(120, 25963)
+ 167 | (167, 17214),(92, 17184)
+ 207 | (207, 40886),(179, 40879)
+ 259 | (259, 1850),(175, 1820)
+ 270 | (270, 29508),(264, 29440)
+ 270 | (270, 32616),(226, 32607)
+ 288 | (288, 49588),(204, 49571)
+ 318 | (318, 31489),(235, 31404)
+(15 rows)
+
+SELECT c~>3, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>3 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by lower bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 6 | (30333, 50),(30273, 6)
+ 43 | (43301, 75),(43227, 43)
+ 51 | (19650, 142),(19630, 51)
+ 81 | (2424, 160),(2424, 81)
+ 108 | (3449, 171),(3354, 108)
+ 109 | (18037, 155),(17941, 109)
+ 114 | (28511, 208),(28479, 114)
+ 118 | (19946, 217),(19941, 118)
+ 139 | (16906, 191),(16816, 139)
+ 163 | (759, 187),(662, 163)
+ 181 | (22684, 266),(22656, 181)
+ 213 | (24423, 255),(24360, 213)
+ 222 | (45989, 249),(45910, 222)
(15 rows)
-SELECT * FROM test_point ORDER BY c~>4 DESC LIMIT 15; -- descending by 1st coordinate
- c
-------------------------------
- (30746, 50040, 30727, 49992)
- (36311, 50073, 36258, 49987)
- (3531, 49962, 3463, 49934)
- (17954, 49975, 17865, 49915)
- (2168, 50012, 2108, 49914)
- (31287, 49923, 31236, 49913)
- (21551, 49983, 21492, 49885)
- (43925, 49912, 43888, 49878)
- (19128, 49932, 19112, 49849)
- (38266, 49852, 38233, 49844)
- (14913, 49873, 14849, 49836)
- (37595, 49849, 37581, 49834)
- (46151, 49848, 46058, 49830)
- (29261, 49910, 29247, 49818)
- (19233, 49824, 19185, 49794)
+SELECT c~>4, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>4 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by upper bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 50 | (30333, 50),(30273, 6)
+ 75 | (43301, 75),(43227, 43)
+ 142 | (19650, 142),(19630, 51)
+ 155 | (18037, 155),(17941, 109)
+ 160 | (2424, 160),(2424, 81)
+ 171 | (3449, 171),(3354, 108)
+ 187 | (759, 187),(662, 163)
+ 191 | (16906, 191),(16816, 139)
+ 208 | (28511, 208),(28479, 114)
+ 217 | (19946, 217),(19941, 118)
+ 249 | (45989, 249),(45910, 222)
+ 255 | (24423, 255),(24360, 213)
+ 266 | (22684, 266),(22656, 181)
(15 rows)
+RESET enable_indexscan;
SELECT cube(array[10,20,30], array[40,50,60])~>2;
?column?
----------
- 20
+ 40
(1 row)
SELECT cube(array[40,50,60], array[10,20,30])~>2;
?column?
----------
- 20
+ 40
(1 row)
SELECT cube(array[10,20,30], array[40,50,60])~>3;
?column?
----------
- 30
+ 20
(1 row)
SELECT cube(array[40,50,60], array[10,20,30])~>3;
?column?
----------
- 30
+ 20
(1 row)
SELECT cube(array[40,50,60], array[10,20,30])~>0;
SELECT cube(array[40,50,60], array[10,20,30])~>4;
?column?
----------
- 40
+ 50
(1 row)
SELECT cube(array[40,50,60], array[10,20,30])~>(-1);
(2424, 160),(2424, 81)
(5 rows)
--- kNN with index
+-- Test kNN
+INSERT INTO test_cube VALUES ('(1,1)'), ('(100000)'), ('(0, 100000)'); -- Some corner cases
+SET enable_seqscan = false;
+-- Test different metrics
SELECT *, c <-> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <-> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
c | dist
-------------------------+------------------
(337, 455),(240, 359) | 0
+ (1, 1) | 140.007142674936
(759, 187),(662, 163) | 162
(948, 1201),(907, 1156) | 772.000647668122
(1444, 403),(1346, 344) | 846
- (369, 1457),(278, 1409) | 909
(5 rows)
SELECT *, c <=> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <=> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
c | dist
-------------------------+------
(337, 455),(240, 359) | 0
+ (1, 1) | 99
(759, 187),(662, 163) | 162
(948, 1201),(907, 1156) | 656
(1444, 403),(1346, 344) | 846
- (369, 1457),(278, 1409) | 909
(5 rows)
SELECT *, c <#> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <#> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
-------------------------+------
(337, 455),(240, 359) | 0
(759, 187),(662, 163) | 162
+ (1, 1) | 198
(1444, 403),(1346, 344) | 846
(369, 1457),(278, 1409) | 909
- (948, 1201),(907, 1156) | 1063
(5 rows)
--- kNN-based sorting
-SELECT * FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>1 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by 1st coordinate of lower left corner
- c
----------------------------
- (54, 38679),(3, 38602)
- (83, 10271),(15, 10265)
- (122, 46832),(64, 46762)
- (167, 17214),(92, 17184)
- (161, 24465),(107, 24374)
- (162, 26040),(120, 25963)
- (154, 4019),(138, 3990)
- (259, 1850),(175, 1820)
- (207, 40886),(179, 40879)
- (288, 49588),(204, 49571)
- (270, 32616),(226, 32607)
- (318, 31489),(235, 31404)
- (337, 455),(240, 359)
- (270, 29508),(264, 29440)
- (369, 1457),(278, 1409)
+-- Test sorting by coordinates
+SELECT c~>1, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>1 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by left bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (0, 100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 3 | (54, 38679),(3, 38602)
+ 15 | (83, 10271),(15, 10265)
+ 64 | (122, 46832),(64, 46762)
+ 92 | (167, 17214),(92, 17184)
+ 107 | (161, 24465),(107, 24374)
+ 120 | (162, 26040),(120, 25963)
+ 138 | (154, 4019),(138, 3990)
+ 175 | (259, 1850),(175, 1820)
+ 179 | (207, 40886),(179, 40879)
+ 204 | (288, 49588),(204, 49571)
+ 226 | (270, 32616),(226, 32607)
+ 235 | (318, 31489),(235, 31404)
+ 240 | (337, 455),(240, 359)
(15 rows)
-SELECT * FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>4 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by 2nd coordinate or upper right corner
- c
----------------------------
- (30333, 50),(30273, 6)
- (43301, 75),(43227, 43)
- (19650, 142),(19630, 51)
- (2424, 160),(2424, 81)
- (3449, 171),(3354, 108)
- (18037, 155),(17941, 109)
- (28511, 208),(28479, 114)
- (19946, 217),(19941, 118)
- (16906, 191),(16816, 139)
- (759, 187),(662, 163)
- (22684, 266),(22656, 181)
- (24423, 255),(24360, 213)
- (45989, 249),(45910, 222)
- (11399, 377),(11360, 294)
- (12162, 389),(12103, 309)
+SELECT c~>2, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>2 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by right bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (0, 100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 54 | (54, 38679),(3, 38602)
+ 83 | (83, 10271),(15, 10265)
+ 122 | (122, 46832),(64, 46762)
+ 154 | (154, 4019),(138, 3990)
+ 161 | (161, 24465),(107, 24374)
+ 162 | (162, 26040),(120, 25963)
+ 167 | (167, 17214),(92, 17184)
+ 207 | (207, 40886),(179, 40879)
+ 259 | (259, 1850),(175, 1820)
+ 270 | (270, 29508),(264, 29440)
+ 270 | (270, 32616),(226, 32607)
+ 288 | (288, 49588),(204, 49571)
+ 318 | (318, 31489),(235, 31404)
(15 rows)
-SELECT * FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>1 DESC LIMIT 15; -- descending by 1st coordinate of lower left corner
- c
--------------------------------
- (50027, 49230),(49951, 49214)
- (49980, 35004),(49937, 34963)
- (49985, 6436),(49927, 6338)
- (49999, 27218),(49908, 27176)
- (49954, 1340),(49905, 1294)
- (49944, 25163),(49902, 25153)
- (49981, 34876),(49898, 34786)
- (49957, 43390),(49897, 43384)
- (49853, 18504),(49848, 18503)
- (49902, 41752),(49818, 41746)
- (49907, 30225),(49810, 30158)
- (49843, 5175),(49808, 5145)
- (49887, 24274),(49805, 24184)
- (49847, 7128),(49798, 7067)
- (49820, 7990),(49771, 7967)
+SELECT c~>3, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>3 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by lower bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 6 | (30333, 50),(30273, 6)
+ 43 | (43301, 75),(43227, 43)
+ 51 | (19650, 142),(19630, 51)
+ 81 | (2424, 160),(2424, 81)
+ 108 | (3449, 171),(3354, 108)
+ 109 | (18037, 155),(17941, 109)
+ 114 | (28511, 208),(28479, 114)
+ 118 | (19946, 217),(19941, 118)
+ 139 | (16906, 191),(16816, 139)
+ 163 | (759, 187),(662, 163)
+ 181 | (22684, 266),(22656, 181)
+ 213 | (24423, 255),(24360, 213)
+ 222 | (45989, 249),(45910, 222)
(15 rows)
-SELECT * FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>4 DESC LIMIT 15; -- descending by 2nd coordinate or upper right corner
- c
--------------------------------
- (36311, 50073),(36258, 49987)
- (30746, 50040),(30727, 49992)
- (2168, 50012),(2108, 49914)
- (21551, 49983),(21492, 49885)
- (17954, 49975),(17865, 49915)
- (3531, 49962),(3463, 49934)
- (19128, 49932),(19112, 49849)
- (31287, 49923),(31236, 49913)
- (43925, 49912),(43888, 49878)
- (29261, 49910),(29247, 49818)
- (14913, 49873),(14849, 49836)
- (20007, 49858),(19921, 49778)
- (38266, 49852),(38233, 49844)
- (37595, 49849),(37581, 49834)
- (46151, 49848),(46058, 49830)
+SELECT c~>4, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>4 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by upper bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 50 | (30333, 50),(30273, 6)
+ 75 | (43301, 75),(43227, 43)
+ 142 | (19650, 142),(19630, 51)
+ 155 | (18037, 155),(17941, 109)
+ 160 | (2424, 160),(2424, 81)
+ 171 | (3449, 171),(3354, 108)
+ 187 | (759, 187),(662, 163)
+ 191 | (16906, 191),(16816, 139)
+ 208 | (28511, 208),(28479, 114)
+ 217 | (19946, 217),(19941, 118)
+ 249 | (45989, 249),(45910, 222)
+ 255 | (24423, 255),(24360, 213)
+ 266 | (22684, 266),(22656, 181)
(15 rows)
--- same thing for index with points
-CREATE TABLE test_point(c cube);
-INSERT INTO test_point(SELECT cube(array[c->1,c->2,c->3,c->4]) FROM test_cube);
-CREATE INDEX ON test_point USING gist(c);
-SELECT * FROM test_point ORDER BY c~>1, c~>2 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by 1st then by 2nd coordinate
- c
---------------------------
- (54, 38679, 3, 38602)
- (83, 10271, 15, 10265)
- (122, 46832, 64, 46762)
- (154, 4019, 138, 3990)
- (161, 24465, 107, 24374)
- (162, 26040, 120, 25963)
- (167, 17214, 92, 17184)
- (207, 40886, 179, 40879)
- (259, 1850, 175, 1820)
- (270, 29508, 264, 29440)
- (270, 32616, 226, 32607)
- (288, 49588, 204, 49571)
- (318, 31489, 235, 31404)
- (326, 18837, 285, 18817)
- (337, 455, 240, 359)
+-- Same queries with sequential scan (should give the same results as above)
+RESET enable_seqscan;
+SET enable_indexscan = OFF;
+SELECT *, c <-> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <-> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
+ c | dist
+-------------------------+------------------
+ (337, 455),(240, 359) | 0
+ (1, 1) | 140.007142674936
+ (759, 187),(662, 163) | 162
+ (948, 1201),(907, 1156) | 772.000647668122
+ (1444, 403),(1346, 344) | 846
+(5 rows)
+
+SELECT *, c <=> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <=> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
+ c | dist
+-------------------------+------
+ (337, 455),(240, 359) | 0
+ (1, 1) | 99
+ (759, 187),(662, 163) | 162
+ (948, 1201),(907, 1156) | 656
+ (1444, 403),(1346, 344) | 846
+(5 rows)
+
+SELECT *, c <#> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <#> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
+ c | dist
+-------------------------+------
+ (337, 455),(240, 359) | 0
+ (759, 187),(662, 163) | 162
+ (1, 1) | 198
+ (1444, 403),(1346, 344) | 846
+ (369, 1457),(278, 1409) | 909
+(5 rows)
+
+SELECT c~>1, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>1 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by left bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (0, 100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 3 | (54, 38679),(3, 38602)
+ 15 | (83, 10271),(15, 10265)
+ 64 | (122, 46832),(64, 46762)
+ 92 | (167, 17214),(92, 17184)
+ 107 | (161, 24465),(107, 24374)
+ 120 | (162, 26040),(120, 25963)
+ 138 | (154, 4019),(138, 3990)
+ 175 | (259, 1850),(175, 1820)
+ 179 | (207, 40886),(179, 40879)
+ 204 | (288, 49588),(204, 49571)
+ 226 | (270, 32616),(226, 32607)
+ 235 | (318, 31489),(235, 31404)
+ 240 | (337, 455),(240, 359)
+(15 rows)
+
+SELECT c~>2, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>2 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by right bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (0, 100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 54 | (54, 38679),(3, 38602)
+ 83 | (83, 10271),(15, 10265)
+ 122 | (122, 46832),(64, 46762)
+ 154 | (154, 4019),(138, 3990)
+ 161 | (161, 24465),(107, 24374)
+ 162 | (162, 26040),(120, 25963)
+ 167 | (167, 17214),(92, 17184)
+ 207 | (207, 40886),(179, 40879)
+ 259 | (259, 1850),(175, 1820)
+ 270 | (270, 29508),(264, 29440)
+ 270 | (270, 32616),(226, 32607)
+ 288 | (288, 49588),(204, 49571)
+ 318 | (318, 31489),(235, 31404)
+(15 rows)
+
+SELECT c~>3, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>3 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by lower bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 6 | (30333, 50),(30273, 6)
+ 43 | (43301, 75),(43227, 43)
+ 51 | (19650, 142),(19630, 51)
+ 81 | (2424, 160),(2424, 81)
+ 108 | (3449, 171),(3354, 108)
+ 109 | (18037, 155),(17941, 109)
+ 114 | (28511, 208),(28479, 114)
+ 118 | (19946, 217),(19941, 118)
+ 139 | (16906, 191),(16816, 139)
+ 163 | (759, 187),(662, 163)
+ 181 | (22684, 266),(22656, 181)
+ 213 | (24423, 255),(24360, 213)
+ 222 | (45989, 249),(45910, 222)
(15 rows)
-SELECT * FROM test_point ORDER BY c~>4 DESC LIMIT 15; -- descending by 1st coordinate
- c
-------------------------------
- (30746, 50040, 30727, 49992)
- (36311, 50073, 36258, 49987)
- (3531, 49962, 3463, 49934)
- (17954, 49975, 17865, 49915)
- (2168, 50012, 2108, 49914)
- (31287, 49923, 31236, 49913)
- (21551, 49983, 21492, 49885)
- (43925, 49912, 43888, 49878)
- (19128, 49932, 19112, 49849)
- (38266, 49852, 38233, 49844)
- (14913, 49873, 14849, 49836)
- (37595, 49849, 37581, 49834)
- (46151, 49848, 46058, 49830)
- (29261, 49910, 29247, 49818)
- (19233, 49824, 19185, 49794)
+SELECT c~>4, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>4 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by upper bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 50 | (30333, 50),(30273, 6)
+ 75 | (43301, 75),(43227, 43)
+ 142 | (19650, 142),(19630, 51)
+ 155 | (18037, 155),(17941, 109)
+ 160 | (2424, 160),(2424, 81)
+ 171 | (3449, 171),(3354, 108)
+ 187 | (759, 187),(662, 163)
+ 191 | (16906, 191),(16816, 139)
+ 208 | (28511, 208),(28479, 114)
+ 217 | (19946, 217),(19941, 118)
+ 249 | (45989, 249),(45910, 222)
+ 255 | (24423, 255),(24360, 213)
+ 266 | (22684, 266),(22656, 181)
(15 rows)
+RESET enable_indexscan;
SELECT cube(array[10,20,30], array[40,50,60])~>2;
?column?
----------
- 20
+ 40
(1 row)
SELECT cube(array[40,50,60], array[10,20,30])~>2;
?column?
----------
- 20
+ 40
(1 row)
SELECT cube(array[10,20,30], array[40,50,60])~>3;
?column?
----------
- 30
+ 20
(1 row)
SELECT cube(array[40,50,60], array[10,20,30])~>3;
?column?
----------
- 30
+ 20
(1 row)
SELECT cube(array[40,50,60], array[10,20,30])~>0;
SELECT cube(array[40,50,60], array[10,20,30])~>4;
?column?
----------
- 40
+ 50
(1 row)
SELECT cube(array[40,50,60], array[10,20,30])~>(-1);
(2424, 160),(2424, 81)
(5 rows)
--- kNN with index
+-- Test kNN
+INSERT INTO test_cube VALUES ('(1,1)'), ('(100000)'), ('(0, 100000)'); -- Some corner cases
+SET enable_seqscan = false;
+-- Test different metrics
SELECT *, c <-> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <-> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
c | dist
-------------------------+------------------
(337, 455),(240, 359) | 0
+ (1, 1) | 140.007142674936
(759, 187),(662, 163) | 162
(948, 1201),(907, 1156) | 772.000647668122
(1444, 403),(1346, 344) | 846
- (369, 1457),(278, 1409) | 909
(5 rows)
SELECT *, c <=> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <=> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
c | dist
-------------------------+------
(337, 455),(240, 359) | 0
+ (1, 1) | 99
(759, 187),(662, 163) | 162
(948, 1201),(907, 1156) | 656
(1444, 403),(1346, 344) | 846
- (369, 1457),(278, 1409) | 909
(5 rows)
SELECT *, c <#> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <#> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
-------------------------+------
(337, 455),(240, 359) | 0
(759, 187),(662, 163) | 162
+ (1, 1) | 198
(1444, 403),(1346, 344) | 846
(369, 1457),(278, 1409) | 909
- (948, 1201),(907, 1156) | 1063
(5 rows)
--- kNN-based sorting
-SELECT * FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>1 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by 1st coordinate of lower left corner
- c
----------------------------
- (54, 38679),(3, 38602)
- (83, 10271),(15, 10265)
- (122, 46832),(64, 46762)
- (167, 17214),(92, 17184)
- (161, 24465),(107, 24374)
- (162, 26040),(120, 25963)
- (154, 4019),(138, 3990)
- (259, 1850),(175, 1820)
- (207, 40886),(179, 40879)
- (288, 49588),(204, 49571)
- (270, 32616),(226, 32607)
- (318, 31489),(235, 31404)
- (337, 455),(240, 359)
- (270, 29508),(264, 29440)
- (369, 1457),(278, 1409)
+-- Test sorting by coordinates
+SELECT c~>1, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>1 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by left bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (0, 100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 3 | (54, 38679),(3, 38602)
+ 15 | (83, 10271),(15, 10265)
+ 64 | (122, 46832),(64, 46762)
+ 92 | (167, 17214),(92, 17184)
+ 107 | (161, 24465),(107, 24374)
+ 120 | (162, 26040),(120, 25963)
+ 138 | (154, 4019),(138, 3990)
+ 175 | (259, 1850),(175, 1820)
+ 179 | (207, 40886),(179, 40879)
+ 204 | (288, 49588),(204, 49571)
+ 226 | (270, 32616),(226, 32607)
+ 235 | (318, 31489),(235, 31404)
+ 240 | (337, 455),(240, 359)
(15 rows)
-SELECT * FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>4 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by 2nd coordinate or upper right corner
- c
----------------------------
- (30333, 50),(30273, 6)
- (43301, 75),(43227, 43)
- (19650, 142),(19630, 51)
- (2424, 160),(2424, 81)
- (3449, 171),(3354, 108)
- (18037, 155),(17941, 109)
- (28511, 208),(28479, 114)
- (19946, 217),(19941, 118)
- (16906, 191),(16816, 139)
- (759, 187),(662, 163)
- (22684, 266),(22656, 181)
- (24423, 255),(24360, 213)
- (45989, 249),(45910, 222)
- (11399, 377),(11360, 294)
- (12162, 389),(12103, 309)
+SELECT c~>2, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>2 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by right bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (0, 100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 54 | (54, 38679),(3, 38602)
+ 83 | (83, 10271),(15, 10265)
+ 122 | (122, 46832),(64, 46762)
+ 154 | (154, 4019),(138, 3990)
+ 161 | (161, 24465),(107, 24374)
+ 162 | (162, 26040),(120, 25963)
+ 167 | (167, 17214),(92, 17184)
+ 207 | (207, 40886),(179, 40879)
+ 259 | (259, 1850),(175, 1820)
+ 270 | (270, 29508),(264, 29440)
+ 270 | (270, 32616),(226, 32607)
+ 288 | (288, 49588),(204, 49571)
+ 318 | (318, 31489),(235, 31404)
(15 rows)
-SELECT * FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>1 DESC LIMIT 15; -- descending by 1st coordinate of lower left corner
- c
--------------------------------
- (50027, 49230),(49951, 49214)
- (49980, 35004),(49937, 34963)
- (49985, 6436),(49927, 6338)
- (49999, 27218),(49908, 27176)
- (49954, 1340),(49905, 1294)
- (49944, 25163),(49902, 25153)
- (49981, 34876),(49898, 34786)
- (49957, 43390),(49897, 43384)
- (49853, 18504),(49848, 18503)
- (49902, 41752),(49818, 41746)
- (49907, 30225),(49810, 30158)
- (49843, 5175),(49808, 5145)
- (49887, 24274),(49805, 24184)
- (49847, 7128),(49798, 7067)
- (49820, 7990),(49771, 7967)
+SELECT c~>3, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>3 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by lower bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 6 | (30333, 50),(30273, 6)
+ 43 | (43301, 75),(43227, 43)
+ 51 | (19650, 142),(19630, 51)
+ 81 | (2424, 160),(2424, 81)
+ 108 | (3449, 171),(3354, 108)
+ 109 | (18037, 155),(17941, 109)
+ 114 | (28511, 208),(28479, 114)
+ 118 | (19946, 217),(19941, 118)
+ 139 | (16906, 191),(16816, 139)
+ 163 | (759, 187),(662, 163)
+ 181 | (22684, 266),(22656, 181)
+ 213 | (24423, 255),(24360, 213)
+ 222 | (45989, 249),(45910, 222)
(15 rows)
-SELECT * FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>4 DESC LIMIT 15; -- descending by 2nd coordinate or upper right corner
- c
--------------------------------
- (36311, 50073),(36258, 49987)
- (30746, 50040),(30727, 49992)
- (2168, 50012),(2108, 49914)
- (21551, 49983),(21492, 49885)
- (17954, 49975),(17865, 49915)
- (3531, 49962),(3463, 49934)
- (19128, 49932),(19112, 49849)
- (31287, 49923),(31236, 49913)
- (43925, 49912),(43888, 49878)
- (29261, 49910),(29247, 49818)
- (14913, 49873),(14849, 49836)
- (20007, 49858),(19921, 49778)
- (38266, 49852),(38233, 49844)
- (37595, 49849),(37581, 49834)
- (46151, 49848),(46058, 49830)
+SELECT c~>4, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>4 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by upper bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 50 | (30333, 50),(30273, 6)
+ 75 | (43301, 75),(43227, 43)
+ 142 | (19650, 142),(19630, 51)
+ 155 | (18037, 155),(17941, 109)
+ 160 | (2424, 160),(2424, 81)
+ 171 | (3449, 171),(3354, 108)
+ 187 | (759, 187),(662, 163)
+ 191 | (16906, 191),(16816, 139)
+ 208 | (28511, 208),(28479, 114)
+ 217 | (19946, 217),(19941, 118)
+ 249 | (45989, 249),(45910, 222)
+ 255 | (24423, 255),(24360, 213)
+ 266 | (22684, 266),(22656, 181)
(15 rows)
--- same thing for index with points
-CREATE TABLE test_point(c cube);
-INSERT INTO test_point(SELECT cube(array[c->1,c->2,c->3,c->4]) FROM test_cube);
-CREATE INDEX ON test_point USING gist(c);
-SELECT * FROM test_point ORDER BY c~>1, c~>2 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by 1st then by 2nd coordinate
- c
---------------------------
- (54, 38679, 3, 38602)
- (83, 10271, 15, 10265)
- (122, 46832, 64, 46762)
- (154, 4019, 138, 3990)
- (161, 24465, 107, 24374)
- (162, 26040, 120, 25963)
- (167, 17214, 92, 17184)
- (207, 40886, 179, 40879)
- (259, 1850, 175, 1820)
- (270, 29508, 264, 29440)
- (270, 32616, 226, 32607)
- (288, 49588, 204, 49571)
- (318, 31489, 235, 31404)
- (326, 18837, 285, 18817)
- (337, 455, 240, 359)
+-- Same queries with sequential scan (should give the same results as above)
+RESET enable_seqscan;
+SET enable_indexscan = OFF;
+SELECT *, c <-> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <-> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
+ c | dist
+-------------------------+------------------
+ (337, 455),(240, 359) | 0
+ (1, 1) | 140.007142674936
+ (759, 187),(662, 163) | 162
+ (948, 1201),(907, 1156) | 772.000647668122
+ (1444, 403),(1346, 344) | 846
+(5 rows)
+
+SELECT *, c <=> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <=> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
+ c | dist
+-------------------------+------
+ (337, 455),(240, 359) | 0
+ (1, 1) | 99
+ (759, 187),(662, 163) | 162
+ (948, 1201),(907, 1156) | 656
+ (1444, 403),(1346, 344) | 846
+(5 rows)
+
+SELECT *, c <#> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <#> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
+ c | dist
+-------------------------+------
+ (337, 455),(240, 359) | 0
+ (759, 187),(662, 163) | 162
+ (1, 1) | 198
+ (1444, 403),(1346, 344) | 846
+ (369, 1457),(278, 1409) | 909
+(5 rows)
+
+SELECT c~>1, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>1 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by left bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (0, 100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 3 | (54, 38679),(3, 38602)
+ 15 | (83, 10271),(15, 10265)
+ 64 | (122, 46832),(64, 46762)
+ 92 | (167, 17214),(92, 17184)
+ 107 | (161, 24465),(107, 24374)
+ 120 | (162, 26040),(120, 25963)
+ 138 | (154, 4019),(138, 3990)
+ 175 | (259, 1850),(175, 1820)
+ 179 | (207, 40886),(179, 40879)
+ 204 | (288, 49588),(204, 49571)
+ 226 | (270, 32616),(226, 32607)
+ 235 | (318, 31489),(235, 31404)
+ 240 | (337, 455),(240, 359)
+(15 rows)
+
+SELECT c~>2, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>2 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by right bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (0, 100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 54 | (54, 38679),(3, 38602)
+ 83 | (83, 10271),(15, 10265)
+ 122 | (122, 46832),(64, 46762)
+ 154 | (154, 4019),(138, 3990)
+ 161 | (161, 24465),(107, 24374)
+ 162 | (162, 26040),(120, 25963)
+ 167 | (167, 17214),(92, 17184)
+ 207 | (207, 40886),(179, 40879)
+ 259 | (259, 1850),(175, 1820)
+ 270 | (270, 29508),(264, 29440)
+ 270 | (270, 32616),(226, 32607)
+ 288 | (288, 49588),(204, 49571)
+ 318 | (318, 31489),(235, 31404)
+(15 rows)
+
+SELECT c~>3, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>3 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by lower bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 6 | (30333, 50),(30273, 6)
+ 43 | (43301, 75),(43227, 43)
+ 51 | (19650, 142),(19630, 51)
+ 81 | (2424, 160),(2424, 81)
+ 108 | (3449, 171),(3354, 108)
+ 109 | (18037, 155),(17941, 109)
+ 114 | (28511, 208),(28479, 114)
+ 118 | (19946, 217),(19941, 118)
+ 139 | (16906, 191),(16816, 139)
+ 163 | (759, 187),(662, 163)
+ 181 | (22684, 266),(22656, 181)
+ 213 | (24423, 255),(24360, 213)
+ 222 | (45989, 249),(45910, 222)
(15 rows)
-SELECT * FROM test_point ORDER BY c~>4 DESC LIMIT 15; -- descending by 1st coordinate
- c
-------------------------------
- (30746, 50040, 30727, 49992)
- (36311, 50073, 36258, 49987)
- (3531, 49962, 3463, 49934)
- (17954, 49975, 17865, 49915)
- (2168, 50012, 2108, 49914)
- (31287, 49923, 31236, 49913)
- (21551, 49983, 21492, 49885)
- (43925, 49912, 43888, 49878)
- (19128, 49932, 19112, 49849)
- (38266, 49852, 38233, 49844)
- (14913, 49873, 14849, 49836)
- (37595, 49849, 37581, 49834)
- (46151, 49848, 46058, 49830)
- (29261, 49910, 29247, 49818)
- (19233, 49824, 19185, 49794)
+SELECT c~>4, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>4 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by upper bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 50 | (30333, 50),(30273, 6)
+ 75 | (43301, 75),(43227, 43)
+ 142 | (19650, 142),(19630, 51)
+ 155 | (18037, 155),(17941, 109)
+ 160 | (2424, 160),(2424, 81)
+ 171 | (3449, 171),(3354, 108)
+ 187 | (759, 187),(662, 163)
+ 191 | (16906, 191),(16816, 139)
+ 208 | (28511, 208),(28479, 114)
+ 217 | (19946, 217),(19941, 118)
+ 249 | (45989, 249),(45910, 222)
+ 255 | (24423, 255),(24360, 213)
+ 266 | (22684, 266),(22656, 181)
(15 rows)
+RESET enable_indexscan;
SELECT cube(array[10,20,30], array[40,50,60])~>2;
?column?
----------
- 20
+ 40
(1 row)
SELECT cube(array[40,50,60], array[10,20,30])~>2;
?column?
----------
- 20
+ 40
(1 row)
SELECT cube(array[10,20,30], array[40,50,60])~>3;
?column?
----------
- 30
+ 20
(1 row)
SELECT cube(array[40,50,60], array[10,20,30])~>3;
?column?
----------
- 30
+ 20
(1 row)
SELECT cube(array[40,50,60], array[10,20,30])~>0;
SELECT cube(array[40,50,60], array[10,20,30])~>4;
?column?
----------
- 40
+ 50
(1 row)
SELECT cube(array[40,50,60], array[10,20,30])~>(-1);
(2424, 160),(2424, 81)
(5 rows)
--- kNN with index
+-- Test kNN
+INSERT INTO test_cube VALUES ('(1,1)'), ('(100000)'), ('(0, 100000)'); -- Some corner cases
+SET enable_seqscan = false;
+-- Test different metrics
SELECT *, c <-> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <-> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
c | dist
-------------------------+------------------
(337, 455),(240, 359) | 0
+ (1, 1) | 140.007142674936
(759, 187),(662, 163) | 162
(948, 1201),(907, 1156) | 772.000647668122
(1444, 403),(1346, 344) | 846
- (369, 1457),(278, 1409) | 909
(5 rows)
SELECT *, c <=> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <=> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
c | dist
-------------------------+------
(337, 455),(240, 359) | 0
+ (1, 1) | 99
(759, 187),(662, 163) | 162
(948, 1201),(907, 1156) | 656
(1444, 403),(1346, 344) | 846
- (369, 1457),(278, 1409) | 909
(5 rows)
SELECT *, c <#> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <#> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
-------------------------+------
(337, 455),(240, 359) | 0
(759, 187),(662, 163) | 162
+ (1, 1) | 198
(1444, 403),(1346, 344) | 846
(369, 1457),(278, 1409) | 909
- (948, 1201),(907, 1156) | 1063
(5 rows)
--- kNN-based sorting
-SELECT * FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>1 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by 1st coordinate of lower left corner
- c
----------------------------
- (54, 38679),(3, 38602)
- (83, 10271),(15, 10265)
- (122, 46832),(64, 46762)
- (167, 17214),(92, 17184)
- (161, 24465),(107, 24374)
- (162, 26040),(120, 25963)
- (154, 4019),(138, 3990)
- (259, 1850),(175, 1820)
- (207, 40886),(179, 40879)
- (288, 49588),(204, 49571)
- (270, 32616),(226, 32607)
- (318, 31489),(235, 31404)
- (337, 455),(240, 359)
- (270, 29508),(264, 29440)
- (369, 1457),(278, 1409)
+-- Test sorting by coordinates
+SELECT c~>1, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>1 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by left bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (0, 100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 3 | (54, 38679),(3, 38602)
+ 15 | (83, 10271),(15, 10265)
+ 64 | (122, 46832),(64, 46762)
+ 92 | (167, 17214),(92, 17184)
+ 107 | (161, 24465),(107, 24374)
+ 120 | (162, 26040),(120, 25963)
+ 138 | (154, 4019),(138, 3990)
+ 175 | (259, 1850),(175, 1820)
+ 179 | (207, 40886),(179, 40879)
+ 204 | (288, 49588),(204, 49571)
+ 226 | (270, 32616),(226, 32607)
+ 235 | (318, 31489),(235, 31404)
+ 240 | (337, 455),(240, 359)
(15 rows)
-SELECT * FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>4 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by 2nd coordinate or upper right corner
- c
----------------------------
- (30333, 50),(30273, 6)
- (43301, 75),(43227, 43)
- (19650, 142),(19630, 51)
- (2424, 160),(2424, 81)
- (3449, 171),(3354, 108)
- (18037, 155),(17941, 109)
- (28511, 208),(28479, 114)
- (19946, 217),(19941, 118)
- (16906, 191),(16816, 139)
- (759, 187),(662, 163)
- (22684, 266),(22656, 181)
- (24423, 255),(24360, 213)
- (45989, 249),(45910, 222)
- (11399, 377),(11360, 294)
- (12162, 389),(12103, 309)
+SELECT c~>2, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>2 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by right bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (0, 100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 54 | (54, 38679),(3, 38602)
+ 83 | (83, 10271),(15, 10265)
+ 122 | (122, 46832),(64, 46762)
+ 154 | (154, 4019),(138, 3990)
+ 161 | (161, 24465),(107, 24374)
+ 162 | (162, 26040),(120, 25963)
+ 167 | (167, 17214),(92, 17184)
+ 207 | (207, 40886),(179, 40879)
+ 259 | (259, 1850),(175, 1820)
+ 270 | (270, 29508),(264, 29440)
+ 270 | (270, 32616),(226, 32607)
+ 288 | (288, 49588),(204, 49571)
+ 318 | (318, 31489),(235, 31404)
(15 rows)
-SELECT * FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>1 DESC LIMIT 15; -- descending by 1st coordinate of lower left corner
- c
--------------------------------
- (50027, 49230),(49951, 49214)
- (49980, 35004),(49937, 34963)
- (49985, 6436),(49927, 6338)
- (49999, 27218),(49908, 27176)
- (49954, 1340),(49905, 1294)
- (49944, 25163),(49902, 25153)
- (49981, 34876),(49898, 34786)
- (49957, 43390),(49897, 43384)
- (49853, 18504),(49848, 18503)
- (49902, 41752),(49818, 41746)
- (49907, 30225),(49810, 30158)
- (49843, 5175),(49808, 5145)
- (49887, 24274),(49805, 24184)
- (49847, 7128),(49798, 7067)
- (49820, 7990),(49771, 7967)
+SELECT c~>3, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>3 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by lower bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 6 | (30333, 50),(30273, 6)
+ 43 | (43301, 75),(43227, 43)
+ 51 | (19650, 142),(19630, 51)
+ 81 | (2424, 160),(2424, 81)
+ 108 | (3449, 171),(3354, 108)
+ 109 | (18037, 155),(17941, 109)
+ 114 | (28511, 208),(28479, 114)
+ 118 | (19946, 217),(19941, 118)
+ 139 | (16906, 191),(16816, 139)
+ 163 | (759, 187),(662, 163)
+ 181 | (22684, 266),(22656, 181)
+ 213 | (24423, 255),(24360, 213)
+ 222 | (45989, 249),(45910, 222)
(15 rows)
-SELECT * FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>4 DESC LIMIT 15; -- descending by 2nd coordinate or upper right corner
- c
--------------------------------
- (36311, 50073),(36258, 49987)
- (30746, 50040),(30727, 49992)
- (2168, 50012),(2108, 49914)
- (21551, 49983),(21492, 49885)
- (17954, 49975),(17865, 49915)
- (3531, 49962),(3463, 49934)
- (19128, 49932),(19112, 49849)
- (31287, 49923),(31236, 49913)
- (43925, 49912),(43888, 49878)
- (29261, 49910),(29247, 49818)
- (14913, 49873),(14849, 49836)
- (20007, 49858),(19921, 49778)
- (38266, 49852),(38233, 49844)
- (37595, 49849),(37581, 49834)
- (46151, 49848),(46058, 49830)
+SELECT c~>4, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>4 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by upper bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 50 | (30333, 50),(30273, 6)
+ 75 | (43301, 75),(43227, 43)
+ 142 | (19650, 142),(19630, 51)
+ 155 | (18037, 155),(17941, 109)
+ 160 | (2424, 160),(2424, 81)
+ 171 | (3449, 171),(3354, 108)
+ 187 | (759, 187),(662, 163)
+ 191 | (16906, 191),(16816, 139)
+ 208 | (28511, 208),(28479, 114)
+ 217 | (19946, 217),(19941, 118)
+ 249 | (45989, 249),(45910, 222)
+ 255 | (24423, 255),(24360, 213)
+ 266 | (22684, 266),(22656, 181)
(15 rows)
--- same thing for index with points
-CREATE TABLE test_point(c cube);
-INSERT INTO test_point(SELECT cube(array[c->1,c->2,c->3,c->4]) FROM test_cube);
-CREATE INDEX ON test_point USING gist(c);
-SELECT * FROM test_point ORDER BY c~>1, c~>2 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by 1st then by 2nd coordinate
- c
---------------------------
- (54, 38679, 3, 38602)
- (83, 10271, 15, 10265)
- (122, 46832, 64, 46762)
- (154, 4019, 138, 3990)
- (161, 24465, 107, 24374)
- (162, 26040, 120, 25963)
- (167, 17214, 92, 17184)
- (207, 40886, 179, 40879)
- (259, 1850, 175, 1820)
- (270, 29508, 264, 29440)
- (270, 32616, 226, 32607)
- (288, 49588, 204, 49571)
- (318, 31489, 235, 31404)
- (326, 18837, 285, 18817)
- (337, 455, 240, 359)
+-- Same queries with sequential scan (should give the same results as above)
+RESET enable_seqscan;
+SET enable_indexscan = OFF;
+SELECT *, c <-> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <-> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
+ c | dist
+-------------------------+------------------
+ (337, 455),(240, 359) | 0
+ (1, 1) | 140.007142674936
+ (759, 187),(662, 163) | 162
+ (948, 1201),(907, 1156) | 772.000647668122
+ (1444, 403),(1346, 344) | 846
+(5 rows)
+
+SELECT *, c <=> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <=> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
+ c | dist
+-------------------------+------
+ (337, 455),(240, 359) | 0
+ (1, 1) | 99
+ (759, 187),(662, 163) | 162
+ (948, 1201),(907, 1156) | 656
+ (1444, 403),(1346, 344) | 846
+(5 rows)
+
+SELECT *, c <#> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <#> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
+ c | dist
+-------------------------+------
+ (337, 455),(240, 359) | 0
+ (759, 187),(662, 163) | 162
+ (1, 1) | 198
+ (1444, 403),(1346, 344) | 846
+ (369, 1457),(278, 1409) | 909
+(5 rows)
+
+SELECT c~>1, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>1 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by left bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (0, 100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 3 | (54, 38679),(3, 38602)
+ 15 | (83, 10271),(15, 10265)
+ 64 | (122, 46832),(64, 46762)
+ 92 | (167, 17214),(92, 17184)
+ 107 | (161, 24465),(107, 24374)
+ 120 | (162, 26040),(120, 25963)
+ 138 | (154, 4019),(138, 3990)
+ 175 | (259, 1850),(175, 1820)
+ 179 | (207, 40886),(179, 40879)
+ 204 | (288, 49588),(204, 49571)
+ 226 | (270, 32616),(226, 32607)
+ 235 | (318, 31489),(235, 31404)
+ 240 | (337, 455),(240, 359)
+(15 rows)
+
+SELECT c~>2, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>2 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by right bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (0, 100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 54 | (54, 38679),(3, 38602)
+ 83 | (83, 10271),(15, 10265)
+ 122 | (122, 46832),(64, 46762)
+ 154 | (154, 4019),(138, 3990)
+ 161 | (161, 24465),(107, 24374)
+ 162 | (162, 26040),(120, 25963)
+ 167 | (167, 17214),(92, 17184)
+ 207 | (207, 40886),(179, 40879)
+ 259 | (259, 1850),(175, 1820)
+ 270 | (270, 29508),(264, 29440)
+ 270 | (270, 32616),(226, 32607)
+ 288 | (288, 49588),(204, 49571)
+ 318 | (318, 31489),(235, 31404)
+(15 rows)
+
+SELECT c~>3, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>3 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by lower bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 6 | (30333, 50),(30273, 6)
+ 43 | (43301, 75),(43227, 43)
+ 51 | (19650, 142),(19630, 51)
+ 81 | (2424, 160),(2424, 81)
+ 108 | (3449, 171),(3354, 108)
+ 109 | (18037, 155),(17941, 109)
+ 114 | (28511, 208),(28479, 114)
+ 118 | (19946, 217),(19941, 118)
+ 139 | (16906, 191),(16816, 139)
+ 163 | (759, 187),(662, 163)
+ 181 | (22684, 266),(22656, 181)
+ 213 | (24423, 255),(24360, 213)
+ 222 | (45989, 249),(45910, 222)
(15 rows)
-SELECT * FROM test_point ORDER BY c~>4 DESC LIMIT 15; -- descending by 1st coordinate
- c
-------------------------------
- (30746, 50040, 30727, 49992)
- (36311, 50073, 36258, 49987)
- (3531, 49962, 3463, 49934)
- (17954, 49975, 17865, 49915)
- (2168, 50012, 2108, 49914)
- (31287, 49923, 31236, 49913)
- (21551, 49983, 21492, 49885)
- (43925, 49912, 43888, 49878)
- (19128, 49932, 19112, 49849)
- (38266, 49852, 38233, 49844)
- (14913, 49873, 14849, 49836)
- (37595, 49849, 37581, 49834)
- (46151, 49848, 46058, 49830)
- (29261, 49910, 29247, 49818)
- (19233, 49824, 19185, 49794)
+SELECT c~>4, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>4 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by upper bound
+ ?column? | c
+----------+---------------------------
+ 0 | (100000)
+ 1 | (1, 1)
+ 50 | (30333, 50),(30273, 6)
+ 75 | (43301, 75),(43227, 43)
+ 142 | (19650, 142),(19630, 51)
+ 155 | (18037, 155),(17941, 109)
+ 160 | (2424, 160),(2424, 81)
+ 171 | (3449, 171),(3354, 108)
+ 187 | (759, 187),(662, 163)
+ 191 | (16906, 191),(16816, 139)
+ 208 | (28511, 208),(28479, 114)
+ 217 | (19946, 217),(19941, 118)
+ 249 | (45989, 249),(45910, 222)
+ 255 | (24423, 255),(24360, 213)
+ 266 | (22684, 266),(22656, 181)
(15 rows)
+RESET enable_indexscan;
-- Test sorting
SELECT * FROM test_cube WHERE c && '(3000,1000),(0,0)' GROUP BY c ORDER BY c;
--- kNN with index
+-- Test kNN
+INSERT INTO test_cube VALUES ('(1,1)'), ('(100000)'), ('(0, 100000)'); -- Some corner cases
+SET enable_seqscan = false;
+
+-- Test different metrics
SELECT *, c <-> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <-> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
SELECT *, c <=> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <=> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
SELECT *, c <#> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <#> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
--- kNN-based sorting
-SELECT * FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>1 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by 1st coordinate of lower left corner
-SELECT * FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>4 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by 2nd coordinate or upper right corner
-SELECT * FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>1 DESC LIMIT 15; -- descending by 1st coordinate of lower left corner
-SELECT * FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>4 DESC LIMIT 15; -- descending by 2nd coordinate or upper right corner
-
--- same thing for index with points
-CREATE TABLE test_point(c cube);
-INSERT INTO test_point(SELECT cube(array[c->1,c->2,c->3,c->4]) FROM test_cube);
-CREATE INDEX ON test_point USING gist(c);
-SELECT * FROM test_point ORDER BY c~>1, c~>2 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by 1st then by 2nd coordinate
-SELECT * FROM test_point ORDER BY c~>4 DESC LIMIT 15; -- descending by 1st coordinate
+-- Test sorting by coordinates
+SELECT c~>1, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>1 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by left bound
+SELECT c~>2, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>2 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by right bound
+SELECT c~>3, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>3 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by lower bound
+SELECT c~>4, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>4 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by upper bound
+
+-- Same queries with sequential scan (should give the same results as above)
+RESET enable_seqscan;
+SET enable_indexscan = OFF;
+SELECT *, c <-> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <-> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
+SELECT *, c <=> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <=> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
+SELECT *, c <#> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube as dist FROM test_cube ORDER BY c <#> '(100, 100),(500, 500)'::cube LIMIT 5;
+SELECT c~>1, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>1 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by left bound
+SELECT c~>2, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>2 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by right bound
+SELECT c~>3, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>3 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by lower bound
+SELECT c~>4, c FROM test_cube ORDER BY c~>4 LIMIT 15; -- ascending by upper bound
+RESET enable_indexscan;
<entry><literal>a ~> n</></entry>
<entry><type>float8</></entry>
<entry>
- Get <replaceable>n</>-th coordinate in <quote>normalized</> cube
- representation, in which the coordinates have been rearranged into
- the form <quote>lower left — upper right</>; that is, the
- smaller endpoint along each dimension appears first.
+ Get <replaceable>n</>-th coordinate of cube in following way:
+ n = 2 * k - 1 means lower bound of <replaceable>k</>-th
+ dimension, n = 2 * k means upper bound of
+ <replaceable>k</>-th dimension. This operator is designed
+ for KNN-GiST support.
</entry>
</row>
projects / postgresql / commitdiff