the class uses the Windows ``CreateProcess()`` function. The arguments to
:class:`Popen` are as follows.
- *args* should be a sequence of program arguments or else a single string or
- :term:`path-like object`. By default, the program to execute is the first
- item in *args* if *args* is a sequence. If *args* is a string, the
- interpretation is platform-dependent and described below. See the *shell*
- and *executable* arguments for additional differences from the default
- behavior. Unless otherwise stated, it is recommended to pass *args* as a sequence.
+ *args* should be a sequence of program arguments or else a single string.
+ By default, the program to execute is the first item in *args* if *args* is
+ a sequence. If *args* is a string, the interpretation is
+ platform-dependent and described below. See the *shell* and *executable*
+ arguments for additional differences from the default behavior. Unless
+ otherwise stated, it is recommended to pass *args* as a sequence.
On POSIX, if *args* is a string, the string is interpreted as the name or
path of the program to execute. However, this can only be done if not
Popen destructor now emits a :exc:`ResourceWarning` warning if the child
process is still running.
- .. versionchanged:: 3.7
- *args*, or the first element of *args* if *args* is a sequence, can now
- be a :term:`path-like object`.
-
Exceptions
^^^^^^^^^^
assert not pass_fds, "pass_fds not supported on Windows."
if not isinstance(args, str):
- try:
- args = os.fsdecode(args) # os.PathLike -> str
- except TypeError: # not an os.PathLike, must be a sequence.
- args = list(args)
- args[0] = os.fsdecode(args[0]) # os.PathLike -> str
- args = list2cmdline(args)
+ args = list2cmdline(args)
# Process startup details
if startupinfo is None:
if isinstance(args, (str, bytes)):
args = [args]
else:
- try:
- args = list(args)
- except TypeError: # os.PathLike instead of a sequence?
- args = [os.fsencode(args)] # os.PathLike -> [str]
+ args = list(args)
if shell:
# On Android the default shell is at '/system/bin/sh'.
env=newenv)
self.assertEqual(cp.returncode, 33)
- def test_run_with_pathlike_path(self):
- # bpo-31961: test run(pathlike_object)
- class Path:
- def __fspath__(self):
- # the name of a command that can be run without
- # any argumenets that exit fast
- return 'dir' if mswindows else 'ls'
-
- path = Path()
- if mswindows:
- res = subprocess.run(path, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, shell=True)
- else:
- res = subprocess.run(path, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL)
-
- self.assertEqual(res.returncode, 0)
-
- def test_run_with_pathlike_path_and_arguments(self):
- # bpo-31961: test run([pathlike_object, 'additional arguments'])
- class Path:
- def __fspath__(self):
- # the name of a command that can be run without
- # any argumenets that exits fast
- return sys.executable
-
- path = Path()
-
- args = [path, '-c', 'import sys; sys.exit(57)']
- res = subprocess.run(args)
-
- self.assertEqual(res.returncode, 57)
-
def test_capture_output(self):
cp = self.run_python(("import sys;"
"sys.stdout.write('BDFL'); "
.. nonce: x5Sv0R
.. section: Library
+*Removed in Python 3.7.0b2.*
The *args* argument of subprocess.Popen can now be a :term:`path-like
object`. If *args* is given as a sequence, it's first element can now be a
:term:`path-like object` as well.