\subsection{Shared Libraries}
-You must link the \samp{.o} file to produce a shared library. This is
-done using a special invocation of the \UNIX{} loader/linker, {\em
-ld}(1). Unfortunately the invocation differs slightly per system.
+You must link the \file{.o} file to produce a shared library. This is
+done using a special invocation of the \UNIX{} loader/linker,
+\emph{ld}(1). Unfortunately the invocation differs slightly per
+system.
On SunOS 4, use
\bcode\begin{verbatim}
\subsection{SGI IRIX 4 Dynamic Loading}
-{\bf IMPORTANT:} You must compile your extension module with the
+\strong{IMPORTANT:} You must compile your extension module with the
additional \C{} flag \samp{-G0} (or \samp{-G 0}). This instruct the
assembler to generate position-independent code.
\subsection{Shared Libraries}
-You must link the \samp{.o} file to produce a shared library. This is
-done using a special invocation of the \UNIX{} loader/linker, {\em
-ld}(1). Unfortunately the invocation differs slightly per system.
+You must link the \file{.o} file to produce a shared library. This is
+done using a special invocation of the \UNIX{} loader/linker,
+\emph{ld}(1). Unfortunately the invocation differs slightly per
+system.
On SunOS 4, use
\bcode\begin{verbatim}
\subsection{SGI IRIX 4 Dynamic Loading}
-{\bf IMPORTANT:} You must compile your extension module with the
+\strong{IMPORTANT:} You must compile your extension module with the
additional \C{} flag \samp{-G0} (or \samp{-G 0}). This instruct the
assembler to generate position-independent code.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{max}{fragment\, width}
-Return the maximum of the {\em absolute value} of all samples in a
+Return the maximum of the \emph{absolute value} of all samples in a
fragment.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{itemize}
\item
-A {\em shallow copy} constructs a new compound object and then (to the
-extent possible) inserts {\em references} into it to the objects found
+A \emph{shallow copy} constructs a new compound object and then (to the
+extent possible) inserts \emph{references} into it to the objects found
in the original.
\item
-A {\em deep copy} constructs a new compound object and then,
-recursively, inserts {\em copies} into it of the objects found in the
+A \emph{deep copy} constructs a new compound object and then,
+recursively, inserts \emph{copies} into it of the objects found in the
original.
\end{itemize}
contain a reference to themselves) may cause a recursive loop.
\item
-Because deep copy copies {\em everything} it may copy too much, e.g.\
+Because deep copy copies \emph{everything} it may copy too much, e.g.\
administrative data structures that should be shared even between
copies.
\label{module-crypt}
\bimodindex{crypt}
-This module implements an interface to the crypt({\bf 3}) routine,
+This module implements an interface to the crypt(\strong{3}) routine,
which is a one-way hash function based upon a modified DES algorithm;
see the \UNIX{} man page for further details. Possible uses include
allowing Python scripts to accept typed passwords from the user, or
\label{module-fm}
\bimodindex{fm}
-This module provides access to the IRIS {\em Font Manager} library.
+This module provides access to the IRIS \emph{Font Manager} library.
It is available only on Silicon Graphics machines.
See also: 4Sight User's Guide, Section 1, Chapter 5: Using the IRIS
Font Manager.
\code{fopen()}: \var{filename} is the file name to be opened,
\var{mode} indicates how the file is to be opened: \code{'r'} for
reading, \code{'w'} for writing (truncating an existing file), and
- \code{'a'} opens it for appending (which on {\em some} \UNIX{}
- systems means that {\em all} writes append to the end of the file,
+ \code{'a'} opens it for appending (which on \emph{some} \UNIX{}
+ systems means that \emph{all} writes append to the end of the file,
regardless of the current seek position).
Modes \code{'r+'}, \code{'w+'} and
\code{'a+'} open the file for updating, provided the underlying
\bimodindex{gl}
This module provides access to the Silicon Graphics
-{\em Graphics Library}.
+\emph{Graphics Library}.
It is available only on Silicon Graphics machines.
\strong{Warning:}
\stmodindex{DEVICE}
These modules define the constants used by the Silicon Graphics
-{\em Graphics Library}
+\emph{Graphics Library}
that C programmers find in the header files
\file{<gl/gl.h>}
and
supported; and recursive lists and dictionaries should not be written
(they will cause infinite loops).
-{\bf Caveat:} On machines where C's \code{long int} type has more than
+\strong{Caveat:} On machines where C's \code{long int} type has more than
32 bits (such as the DEC Alpha), it
is possible to create plain Python integers that are longer than 32
bits. Since the current \code{marshal} module uses 32 bits to
method, described below.
\end{funcdesc}
-A number of {\em extra} functions are defined in this module. Non
+A number of \emph{extra} functions are defined in this module. Non
mpz-arguments are converted to mpz-values first, and the functions
return mpz-numbers.
This module should be used instead of the built-in module
\code{pnl}
to interface with the
-{\em Panel Library}.
+\emph{Panel Library}.
The module is too large to document here in its entirety.
One interesting function:
\renewcommand{\indexsubitem}{(in module panel)}
\begin{funcdesc}{defpanellist}{filename}
Parses a panel description file containing S-expressions written by the
-{\em Panel Editor}
+\emph{Panel Editor}
that accompanies the Panel Library and creates the described panels.
It returns a list of panel objects.
\end{funcdesc}
\bimodindex{pnl}
This module provides access to the
-{\em Panel Library}
+\emph{Panel Library}
built by NASA Ames (to get it, send e-mail to
{\tt panel-request@nas.nasa.gov}).
All access to it should be done through the standard module
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{stat}{path}
-Perform a {\em stat} system call on the given path. The return value
+Perform a \emph{stat} system call on the given path. The return value
is a tuple of at least 10 integers giving the most important (and
-portable) members of the {\em stat} structure, in the order
+portable) members of the \emph{stat} structure, in the order
\code{st_mode},
\code{st_ino},
\code{st_dev},
\label{module-socket}
\bimodindex{socket}
-This module provides access to the BSD {\em socket} interface.
+This module provides access to the BSD \emph{socket} interface.
It is available on \UNIX{} systems that support this interface.
For an introduction to socket programming (in C), see the following
Create a menu object referring to a local menu (a menu that appears
only in this window).
Methods of menu objects are described below.
-{\bf Warning:} the menu only appears as long as the object
+\strong{Warning:} the menu only appears as long as the object
returned by this call exists.
\end{funcdesc}
\code{\var{left} >= \var{right}} or \code{\var{top} => \var{bottom}}.
\else
$\var{left} \geq \var{right}$ or $\var{top} \geq \var{bottom}$.
-%%JHXXX{\em left~$\geq$~right} or {\em top~$\leq$~bottom}.
+%%JHXXX\emph{left~$\geq$~right} or \emph{top~$\leq$~bottom}.
\fi
\end{funcdesc}
\stmodindex{StringIO}
This module implements a file-like class, \code{StringIO},
-that reads and writes a string buffer (also known as {\em memory
+that reads and writes a string buffer (also known as \emph{memory
files}). See the description on file objects for operations.
When a \code{StringIO} object is created, it can be initialized
thread, 0 if not.
\end{funcdesc}
-{\bf Caveats:}
+\strong{Caveats:}
\begin{itemize}
\item
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{max}{fragment\, width}
-Return the maximum of the {\em absolute value} of all samples in a
+Return the maximum of the \emph{absolute value} of all samples in a
fragment.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{itemize}
\item
-A {\em shallow copy} constructs a new compound object and then (to the
-extent possible) inserts {\em references} into it to the objects found
+A \emph{shallow copy} constructs a new compound object and then (to the
+extent possible) inserts \emph{references} into it to the objects found
in the original.
\item
-A {\em deep copy} constructs a new compound object and then,
-recursively, inserts {\em copies} into it of the objects found in the
+A \emph{deep copy} constructs a new compound object and then,
+recursively, inserts \emph{copies} into it of the objects found in the
original.
\end{itemize}
contain a reference to themselves) may cause a recursive loop.
\item
-Because deep copy copies {\em everything} it may copy too much, e.g.\
+Because deep copy copies \emph{everything} it may copy too much, e.g.\
administrative data structures that should be shared even between
copies.
\label{module-crypt}
\bimodindex{crypt}
-This module implements an interface to the crypt({\bf 3}) routine,
+This module implements an interface to the crypt(\strong{3}) routine,
which is a one-way hash function based upon a modified DES algorithm;
see the \UNIX{} man page for further details. Possible uses include
allowing Python scripts to accept typed passwords from the user, or
asynchronously, with the callback routine being called upon
completion.
-{\em Note:} for reasons beyond my understanding the callback routine
+\emph{Note:} for reasons beyond my understanding the callback routine
is currently never called. You are advised against using asynchronous
calls for the time being.
\end{datadesc}
\label{module-fm}
\bimodindex{fm}
-This module provides access to the IRIS {\em Font Manager} library.
+This module provides access to the IRIS \emph{Font Manager} library.
It is available only on Silicon Graphics machines.
See also: 4Sight User's Guide, Section 1, Chapter 5: Using the IRIS
Font Manager.
\code{fopen()}: \var{filename} is the file name to be opened,
\var{mode} indicates how the file is to be opened: \code{'r'} for
reading, \code{'w'} for writing (truncating an existing file), and
- \code{'a'} opens it for appending (which on {\em some} \UNIX{}
- systems means that {\em all} writes append to the end of the file,
+ \code{'a'} opens it for appending (which on \emph{some} \UNIX{}
+ systems means that \emph{all} writes append to the end of the file,
regardless of the current seek position).
Modes \code{'r+'}, \code{'w+'} and
\code{'a+'} open the file for updating, provided the underlying
\bimodindex{gl}
This module provides access to the Silicon Graphics
-{\em Graphics Library}.
+\emph{Graphics Library}.
It is available only on Silicon Graphics machines.
\strong{Warning:}
\stmodindex{DEVICE}
These modules define the constants used by the Silicon Graphics
-{\em Graphics Library}
+\emph{Graphics Library}
that C programmers find in the header files
\file{<gl/gl.h>}
and
supported; and recursive lists and dictionaries should not be written
(they will cause infinite loops).
-{\bf Caveat:} On machines where C's \code{long int} type has more than
+\strong{Caveat:} On machines where C's \code{long int} type has more than
32 bits (such as the DEC Alpha), it
is possible to create plain Python integers that are longer than 32
bits. Since the current \code{marshal} module uses 32 bits to
method, described below.
\end{funcdesc}
-A number of {\em extra} functions are defined in this module. Non
+A number of \emph{extra} functions are defined in this module. Non
mpz-arguments are converted to mpz-values first, and the functions
return mpz-numbers.
This module should be used instead of the built-in module
\code{pnl}
to interface with the
-{\em Panel Library}.
+\emph{Panel Library}.
The module is too large to document here in its entirety.
One interesting function:
\renewcommand{\indexsubitem}{(in module panel)}
\begin{funcdesc}{defpanellist}{filename}
Parses a panel description file containing S-expressions written by the
-{\em Panel Editor}
+\emph{Panel Editor}
that accompanies the Panel Library and creates the described panels.
It returns a list of panel objects.
\end{funcdesc}
\bimodindex{pnl}
This module provides access to the
-{\em Panel Library}
+\emph{Panel Library}
built by NASA Ames (to get it, send e-mail to
{\tt panel-request@nas.nasa.gov}).
All access to it should be done through the standard module
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{stat}{path}
-Perform a {\em stat} system call on the given path. The return value
+Perform a \emph{stat} system call on the given path. The return value
is a tuple of at least 10 integers giving the most important (and
-portable) members of the {\em stat} structure, in the order
+portable) members of the \emph{stat} structure, in the order
\code{st_mode},
\code{st_ino},
\code{st_dev},
\label{module-socket}
\bimodindex{socket}
-This module provides access to the BSD {\em socket} interface.
+This module provides access to the BSD \emph{socket} interface.
It is available on \UNIX{} systems that support this interface.
For an introduction to socket programming (in C), see the following
Create a menu object referring to a local menu (a menu that appears
only in this window).
Methods of menu objects are described below.
-{\bf Warning:} the menu only appears as long as the object
+\strong{Warning:} the menu only appears as long as the object
returned by this call exists.
\end{funcdesc}
\code{\var{left} >= \var{right}} or \code{\var{top} => \var{bottom}}.
\else
$\var{left} \geq \var{right}$ or $\var{top} \geq \var{bottom}$.
-%%JHXXX{\em left~$\geq$~right} or {\em top~$\leq$~bottom}.
+%%JHXXX\emph{left~$\geq$~right} or \emph{top~$\leq$~bottom}.
\fi
\end{funcdesc}
\stmodindex{StringIO}
This module implements a file-like class, \code{StringIO},
-that reads and writes a string buffer (also known as {\em memory
+that reads and writes a string buffer (also known as \emph{memory
files}). See the description on file objects for operations.
When a \code{StringIO} object is created, it can be initialized
thread, 0 if not.
\end{funcdesc}
-{\bf Caveats:}
+\strong{Caveats:}
\begin{itemize}
\item
asynchronously, with the callback routine being called upon
completion.
-{\em Note:} for reasons beyond my understanding the callback routine
+\emph{Note:} for reasons beyond my understanding the callback routine
is currently never called. You are advised against using asynchronous
calls for the time being.
\end{datadesc}
self.__vdict[name] = value
\end{verbatim}
-%{\em Warning: this is an experimental feature.} To avoid all
+%\emph{Warning: this is an experimental feature.} To avoid all
%potential problems, refrain from using identifiers starting with
%double underscore except for predefined uses like \code{__init__}. To
%use private names while maintaining future compatibility: refrain from
self.__vdict[name] = value
\end{verbatim}
-%{\em Warning: this is an experimental feature.} To avoid all
+%\emph{Warning: this is an experimental feature.} To avoid all
%potential problems, refrain from using identifiers starting with
%double underscore except for predefined uses like \code{__init__}. To
%use private names while maintaining future compatibility: refrain from
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