This affects mostly code comments, some documentation, and tests.
Official APIs already used "standby".
FROM dblink('SELECT * FROM foo') AS t(a int, b text, c text[])
WHERE t.a > 7;
ERROR: connection not available
--- put more data into our slave table, first using arbitrary connection syntax
+-- put more data into our table, first using arbitrary connection syntax
-- but truncate the actual return value so we can use diff to check for success
SELECT substr(dblink_exec(connection_parameters(),'INSERT INTO foo VALUES(10,''k'',''{"a10","b10","c10"}'')'),1,6);
substr
OK
(1 row)
--- put more data into our slave table, using persistent connection syntax
+-- put more data into our table, using persistent connection syntax
-- but truncate the actual return value so we can use diff to check for success
SELECT substr(dblink_exec('INSERT INTO foo VALUES(11,''l'',''{"a11","b11","c11"}'')'),1,6);
substr
OK
(1 row)
--- put more data into our slave table, using named persistent connection syntax
+-- put more data into our table, using named persistent connection syntax
-- but truncate the actual return value so we can use diff to check for success
SELECT substr(dblink_exec('myconn','INSERT INTO foo VALUES(11,''l'',''{"a11","b11","c11"}'')'),1,6);
substr
FROM dblink('SELECT * FROM foo') AS t(a int, b text, c text[])
WHERE t.a > 7;
--- put more data into our slave table, first using arbitrary connection syntax
+-- put more data into our table, first using arbitrary connection syntax
-- but truncate the actual return value so we can use diff to check for success
SELECT substr(dblink_exec(connection_parameters(),'INSERT INTO foo VALUES(10,''k'',''{"a10","b10","c10"}'')'),1,6);
-- create a persistent connection
SELECT dblink_connect(connection_parameters());
--- put more data into our slave table, using persistent connection syntax
+-- put more data into our table, using persistent connection syntax
-- but truncate the actual return value so we can use diff to check for success
SELECT substr(dblink_exec('INSERT INTO foo VALUES(11,''l'',''{"a11","b11","c11"}'')'),1,6);
-- create a named persistent connection
SELECT dblink_connect('myconn',connection_parameters());
--- put more data into our slave table, using named persistent connection syntax
+-- put more data into our table, using named persistent connection syntax
-- but truncate the actual return value so we can use diff to check for success
SELECT substr(dblink_exec('myconn','INSERT INTO foo VALUES(11,''l'',''{"a11","b11","c11"}'')'),1,6);
server to modify the data. Servers that can modify data are
called read/write, <firstterm>master</> or <firstterm>primary</> servers.
Servers that track changes in the master are called <firstterm>standby</>
- or <firstterm>slave</> servers. A standby server that cannot be connected
+ or <firstterm>secondary</> servers. A standby server that cannot be connected
to until it is promoted to a master server is called a <firstterm>warm
standby</> server, and one that can accept connections and serves read-only
queries is called a <firstterm>hot standby</> server.
<para>
From a directory that is above the old and new database cluster
- directories, run this for each slave:
+ directories, run this for each standby:
<programlisting>
rsync --archive --delete --hard-links --size-only old_pgdata new_pgdata remote_dir
<para>
Configure the servers for log shipping. (You do not need to run
<function>pg_start_backup()</> and <function>pg_stop_backup()</>
- or take a file system backup as the slaves are still synchronized
+ or take a file system backup as the standbys are still synchronized
with the master.)
</para>
</step>
*
* The reason why this SLRU needs separate activation/deactivation functions is
* that it can be enabled/disabled during start and the activation/deactivation
- * on master is propagated to slave via replay. Other SLRUs don't have this
+ * on master is propagated to standby via replay. Other SLRUs don't have this
* property and they can be just initialized during normal startup.
*
* This is in charge of creating the currently active segment, if it's not
debug_elog3(DEBUG2, "GetNew: for %d xids", nmembers);
- /* safety check, we should never get this far in a HS slave */
+ /* safety check, we should never get this far in a HS standby */
if (RecoveryInProgress())
elog(ERROR, "cannot assign MultiXactIds during recovery");
return BootstrapTransactionId;
}
- /* safety check, we should never get this far in a HS slave */
+ /* safety check, we should never get this far in a HS standby */
if (RecoveryInProgress())
elog(ERROR, "cannot assign TransactionIds during recovery");
{
Oid result;
- /* safety check, we should never get this far in a HS slave */
+ /* safety check, we should never get this far in a HS standby */
if (RecoveryInProgress())
elog(ERROR, "cannot assign OIDs during recovery");
get_database_name(MyDatabaseId))));
/*
- * Do not allow a Hot Standby slave session to make temp tables. Aside
+ * Do not allow a Hot Standby session to make temp tables. Aside
* from problems with modifying the system catalogs, there is a naming
* conflict: pg_temp_N belongs to the session with BackendId N on the
- * master, not to a slave session with the same BackendId. We should not
+ * master, not to a hot standby session with the same BackendId. We should not
* be able to get here anyway due to XactReadOnly checks, but let's just
* make real sure. Note that this also backstops various operations that
* allow XactReadOnly transactions to modify temp tables; they'd need
* We allow idempotent changes (r/w -> r/w and r/o -> r/o) at any time, and
* we also always allow changes from read-write to read-only. However,
* read-only may be changed to read-write only when in a top-level transaction
- * that has not yet taken an initial snapshot. Can't do it in a hot standby
- * slave, either.
+ * that has not yet taken an initial snapshot. Can't do it in a hot standby,
+ * either.
*
* If we are not in a transaction at all, just allow the change; it means
* nothing since XactReadOnly will be reset by the next StartTransaction().
* unless we're in parallel mode, in which case don't even allow writes
* to temp tables.
*
- * Note: in a Hot Standby slave this would need to reject writes to temp
- * tables just as we do in parallel mode; but an HS slave can't have created
+ * Note: in a Hot Standby this would need to reject writes to temp
+ * tables just as we do in parallel mode; but an HS standby can't have created
* any temp tables in the first place, so no need to check that.
*/
static void
* fsync'd to disk. We cannot go further than what's been written out
* given the current implementation of XLogRead(). And in any case
* it's unsafe to send WAL that is not securely down to disk on the
- * master: if the master subsequently crashes and restarts, slaves
+ * master: if the master subsequently crashes and restarts, standbys
* must not have applied any WAL that got lost on the master.
*/
SendRqstPtr = GetFlushRecPtr();
* being careful not to generate a "permanent" XID.
*
* vacuum_defer_cleanup_age provides some additional "slop" for the
- * benefit of hot standby queries on slave servers. This is quick and
+ * benefit of hot standby queries on standby servers. This is quick and
* dirty, and perhaps not all that useful unless the master has a
* predictable transaction rate, but it offers some protection when
* there's no walsender connection. Note that we are assuming
/*
* PreventCommandDuringRecovery: throw error if RecoveryInProgress
*
- * The majority of operations that are unsafe in a Hot Standby slave
+ * The majority of operations that are unsafe in a Hot Standby
* will be rejected by XactReadOnly tests. However there are a few
* commands that are allowed in "read-only" xacts but cannot be allowed
* in Hot Standby mode. Those commands should call this function.
dopt.no_security_labels = 1;
/*
- * On hot standby slaves, never try to dump unlogged table data, since it
+ * On hot standbys, never try to dump unlogged table data, since it
* will just throw an error.
*/
if (fout->isStandby)
$node_master->poll_query_until('postgres', $wal_received_query)
or die "Timed out while waiting for standby to receive and write WAL";
- # Now promote slave and insert some new data on master, this will put
+ # Now promote standby and insert some new data on master, this will put
# the master out-of-sync with the standby.
$node_standby->promote;
$master->safe_psql('postgres', 'select pg_current_wal_lsn()');
$standby->poll_query_until('postgres',
qq{SELECT '$master_lsn'::pg_lsn <= pg_last_wal_replay_lsn()})
- or die "slave never caught up";
+ or die "standby never caught up";
my $standby_ts = $standby->safe_psql('postgres',
qq{select ts.* from pg_class, pg_xact_commit_timestamp(xmin) ts where relname = 't10'}
$master_lsn = $master->safe_psql('postgres', 'select pg_current_wal_lsn()');
$standby->poll_query_until('postgres',
qq{SELECT '$master_lsn'::pg_lsn <= pg_last_wal_replay_lsn()})
- or die "slave never caught up";
+ or die "standby never caught up";
$standby->safe_psql('postgres', 'checkpoint');
# This one should raise an error now
$master->safe_psql('postgres', 'select pg_current_wal_lsn()');
$standby->poll_query_until('postgres',
qq{SELECT '$master_lsn'::pg_lsn <= pg_last_wal_replay_lsn()})
- or die "slave never caught up";
+ or die "standby never caught up";
$standby->safe_psql('postgres', 'checkpoint');
$standby->restart;
# Start it
$node_master->start;
-# Take backup for slave
+# Take backup for standby
$node_master->backup($backup_name);
# Initialize standby node from backup, fetching WAL from archives
"INSERT INTO tab_int VALUES (generate_series(11, 20))");
# Now wait for replay to complete on standby. We're done waiting when the
-# slave has replayed up to the previously saved master LSN.
+# standby has replayed up to the previously saved master LSN.
my $until_lsn =
$node_master->safe_psql('postgres', "SELECT pg_current_wal_lsn()");
is($psql_out, 't', "reload node $name with $parameter");
}
-# Set up two nodes, which will alternately be master and replication slave.
+# Set up two nodes, which will alternately be master and replication standby.
# Setup london node
my $node_london = get_new_node("london");
configure_and_reload($node_london, "synchronous_standby_names = 'paris'");
configure_and_reload($node_paris, "synchronous_standby_names = 'london'");
-# Set up nonce names for current master and slave nodes
-note "Initially, london is master and paris is slave";
-my ($cur_master, $cur_slave) = ($node_london, $node_paris);
+# Set up nonce names for current master and standby nodes
+note "Initially, london is master and paris is standby";
+my ($cur_master, $cur_standby) = ($node_london, $node_paris);
my $cur_master_name = $cur_master->name;
# Create table we'll use in the test transactions
$cur_master->psql('postgres', "COMMIT PREPARED 'xact_009_7'");
###############################################################################
-# Check that WAL replay will cleanup its shared memory state on running slave.
+# Check that WAL replay will cleanup its shared memory state on running standby.
###############################################################################
$cur_master->psql(
INSERT INTO t_009_tbl VALUES (18, 'issued to ${cur_master_name}');
PREPARE TRANSACTION 'xact_009_8';
COMMIT PREPARED 'xact_009_8';");
-$cur_slave->psql(
+$cur_standby->psql(
'postgres',
"SELECT count(*) FROM pg_prepared_xacts",
stdout => \$psql_out);
"Cleanup of shared memory state on running standby without checkpoint");
###############################################################################
-# Same as in previous case, but let's force checkpoint on slave between
+# Same as in previous case, but let's force checkpoint on standby between
# prepare and commit to use on-disk twophase files.
###############################################################################
SAVEPOINT s1;
INSERT INTO t_009_tbl VALUES (20, 'issued to ${cur_master_name}');
PREPARE TRANSACTION 'xact_009_9';");
-$cur_slave->psql('postgres', "CHECKPOINT");
+$cur_standby->psql('postgres', "CHECKPOINT");
$cur_master->psql('postgres', "COMMIT PREPARED 'xact_009_9'");
-$cur_slave->psql(
+$cur_standby->psql(
'postgres',
"SELECT count(*) FROM pg_prepared_xacts",
stdout => \$psql_out);
"Cleanup of shared memory state on running standby after checkpoint");
###############################################################################
-# Check that prepared transactions can be committed on promoted slave.
+# Check that prepared transactions can be committed on promoted standby.
###############################################################################
$cur_master->psql(
INSERT INTO t_009_tbl VALUES (22, 'issued to ${cur_master_name}');
PREPARE TRANSACTION 'xact_009_10';");
$cur_master->teardown_node;
-$cur_slave->promote;
+$cur_standby->promote;
# change roles
-note "Now paris is master and london is slave";
-($cur_master, $cur_slave) = ($node_paris, $node_london);
+note "Now paris is master and london is standby";
+($cur_master, $cur_standby) = ($node_paris, $node_london);
$cur_master_name = $cur_master->name;
# because london is not running at this point, we can't use syncrep commit
# on this command
$psql_rc = $cur_master->psql('postgres',
"SET synchronous_commit = off; COMMIT PREPARED 'xact_009_10'");
-is($psql_rc, '0', "Restore of prepared transaction on promoted slave");
+is($psql_rc, '0', "Restore of prepared transaction on promoted standby");
-# restart old master as new slave
-$cur_slave->enable_streaming($cur_master);
-$cur_slave->append_conf(
+# restart old master as new standby
+$cur_standby->enable_streaming($cur_master);
+$cur_standby->append_conf(
'recovery.conf', qq(
recovery_target_timeline='latest'
));
-$cur_slave->start;
+$cur_standby->start;
###############################################################################
# Check that prepared transactions are replayed after soft restart of standby
INSERT INTO t_009_tbl VALUES (24, 'issued to ${cur_master_name}');
PREPARE TRANSACTION 'xact_009_11';");
$cur_master->stop;
-$cur_slave->restart;
-$cur_slave->promote;
+$cur_standby->restart;
+$cur_standby->promote;
# change roles
-note "Now london is master and paris is slave";
-($cur_master, $cur_slave) = ($node_london, $node_paris);
+note "Now london is master and paris is standby";
+($cur_master, $cur_standby) = ($node_london, $node_paris);
$cur_master_name = $cur_master->name;
$cur_master->psql(
is($psql_out, '1',
"Restore prepared transactions from files with master down");
-# restart old master as new slave
-$cur_slave->enable_streaming($cur_master);
-$cur_slave->append_conf(
+# restart old master as new standby
+$cur_standby->enable_streaming($cur_master);
+$cur_standby->append_conf(
'recovery.conf', qq(
recovery_target_timeline='latest'
));
-$cur_slave->start;
+$cur_standby->start;
$cur_master->psql('postgres', "COMMIT PREPARED 'xact_009_11'");
###############################################################################
-# Check that prepared transactions are correctly replayed after slave hard
+# Check that prepared transactions are correctly replayed after standby hard
# restart while master is down.
###############################################################################
PREPARE TRANSACTION 'xact_009_12';
");
$cur_master->stop;
-$cur_slave->teardown_node;
-$cur_slave->start;
-$cur_slave->promote;
+$cur_standby->teardown_node;
+$cur_standby->start;
+$cur_standby->promote;
# change roles
-note "Now paris is master and london is slave";
-($cur_master, $cur_slave) = ($node_paris, $node_london);
+note "Now paris is master and london is standby";
+($cur_master, $cur_standby) = ($node_paris, $node_london);
$cur_master_name = $cur_master->name;
$cur_master->psql(
is($psql_out, '1',
"Restore prepared transactions from records with master down");
-# restart old master as new slave
-$cur_slave->enable_streaming($cur_master);
-$cur_slave->append_conf(
+# restart old master as new standby
+$cur_standby->enable_streaming($cur_master);
+$cur_standby->append_conf(
'recovery.conf', qq(
recovery_target_timeline='latest'
));
-$cur_slave->start;
+$cur_standby->start;
$cur_master->psql('postgres', "COMMIT PREPARED 'xact_009_12'");
CHECKPOINT;
COMMIT PREPARED 'xact_009_13';");
-$cur_slave->psql(
+$cur_standby->psql(
'postgres',
"SELECT count(*) FROM t_009_tbl2",
stdout => \$psql_out);
is($psql_out, qq{27|issued to paris},
"Check expected t_009_tbl2 data on master");
-$cur_slave->psql(
+$cur_standby->psql(
'postgres',
"SELECT count(*) FROM pg_prepared_xacts",
stdout => \$psql_out);
-is($psql_out, '0', "No uncommitted prepared transactions on slave");
+is($psql_out, '0', "No uncommitted prepared transactions on standby");
-$cur_slave->psql(
+$cur_standby->psql(
'postgres',
"SELECT * FROM t_009_tbl ORDER BY id",
stdout => \$psql_out);
24|issued to paris
25|issued to london
26|issued to london},
- "Check expected t_009_tbl data on slave");
+ "Check expected t_009_tbl data on standby");
-$cur_slave->psql(
+$cur_standby->psql(
'postgres',
"SELECT * FROM t_009_tbl2",
stdout => \$psql_out);
is($psql_out, qq{27|issued to paris},
- "Check expected t_009_tbl2 data on slave");
+ "Check expected t_009_tbl2 data on standby");
$node_master->backup('master_backup');
$node_master->psql('postgres', "CREATE TABLE t_012_tbl (id int)");
-# Setup slave node
-my $node_slave = get_new_node('slave');
-$node_slave->init_from_backup($node_master, 'master_backup',
+# Setup standby node
+my $node_standby = get_new_node('standby');
+$node_standby->init_from_backup($node_master, 'master_backup',
has_streaming => 1);
-$node_slave->start;
+$node_standby->start;
# Switch to synchronous replication
$node_master->append_conf(
BEGIN;
SELECT hs_subxids(127);
COMMIT;");
-$node_master->wait_for_catchup($node_slave, 'replay',
+$node_master->wait_for_catchup($node_standby, 'replay',
$node_master->lsn('insert'));
-$node_slave->psql(
+$node_standby->psql(
'postgres',
"SELECT coalesce(sum(id),-1) FROM t_012_tbl",
stdout => \$psql_out);
is($psql_out, '8128', "Visible");
$node_master->stop;
-$node_slave->promote;
+$node_standby->promote;
-$node_slave->psql(
+$node_standby->psql(
'postgres',
"SELECT coalesce(sum(id),-1) FROM t_012_tbl",
stdout => \$psql_out);
is($psql_out, '8128', "Visible");
# restore state
-($node_master, $node_slave) = ($node_slave, $node_master);
-$node_slave->enable_streaming($node_master);
-$node_slave->append_conf(
+($node_master, $node_standby) = ($node_standby, $node_master);
+$node_standby->enable_streaming($node_master);
+$node_standby->append_conf(
'recovery.conf', qq(
recovery_target_timeline='latest'
));
-$node_slave->start;
-$node_slave->psql(
+$node_standby->start;
+$node_standby->psql(
'postgres',
"SELECT coalesce(sum(id),-1) FROM t_012_tbl",
stdout => \$psql_out);
BEGIN;
SELECT hs_subxids(127);
PREPARE TRANSACTION 'xact_012_1';");
-$node_master->wait_for_catchup($node_slave, 'replay',
+$node_master->wait_for_catchup($node_standby, 'replay',
$node_master->lsn('insert'));
-$node_slave->psql(
+$node_standby->psql(
'postgres',
"SELECT coalesce(sum(id),-1) FROM t_012_tbl",
stdout => \$psql_out);
is($psql_out, '-1', "Not visible");
$node_master->stop;
-$node_slave->promote;
+$node_standby->promote;
-$node_slave->psql(
+$node_standby->psql(
'postgres',
"SELECT coalesce(sum(id),-1) FROM t_012_tbl",
stdout => \$psql_out);
is($psql_out, '-1', "Not visible");
# restore state
-($node_master, $node_slave) = ($node_slave, $node_master);
-$node_slave->enable_streaming($node_master);
-$node_slave->append_conf(
+($node_master, $node_standby) = ($node_standby, $node_master);
+$node_standby->enable_streaming($node_master);
+$node_standby->append_conf(
'recovery.conf', qq(
recovery_target_timeline='latest'
));
-$node_slave->start;
+$node_standby->start;
$psql_rc = $node_master->psql('postgres', "COMMIT PREPARED 'xact_012_1'");
is($psql_rc, '0',
-"Restore of PGPROC_MAX_CACHED_SUBXIDS+ prepared transaction on promoted slave"
+"Restore of PGPROC_MAX_CACHED_SUBXIDS+ prepared transaction on promoted standby"
);
$node_master->psql(
BEGIN;
SELECT hs_subxids(201);
PREPARE TRANSACTION 'xact_012_1';");
-$node_master->wait_for_catchup($node_slave, 'replay',
+$node_master->wait_for_catchup($node_standby, 'replay',
$node_master->lsn('insert'));
-$node_slave->psql(
+$node_standby->psql(
'postgres',
"SELECT coalesce(sum(id),-1) FROM t_012_tbl",
stdout => \$psql_out);
is($psql_out, '-1', "Not visible");
$node_master->stop;
-$node_slave->promote;
+$node_standby->promote;
-$node_slave->psql(
+$node_standby->psql(
'postgres',
"SELECT coalesce(sum(id),-1) FROM t_012_tbl",
stdout => \$psql_out);
is($psql_out, '-1', "Not visible");
# restore state
-($node_master, $node_slave) = ($node_slave, $node_master);
-$node_slave->enable_streaming($node_master);
-$node_slave->append_conf(
+($node_master, $node_standby) = ($node_standby, $node_master);
+$node_standby->enable_streaming($node_master);
+$node_standby->append_conf(
'recovery.conf', qq(
recovery_target_timeline='latest'
));
-$node_slave->start;
+$node_standby->start;
$psql_rc = $node_master->psql('postgres', "ROLLBACK PREPARED 'xact_012_1'");
is($psql_rc, '0',
-"Rollback of PGPROC_MAX_CACHED_SUBXIDS+ prepared transaction on promoted slave"
+"Rollback of PGPROC_MAX_CACHED_SUBXIDS+ prepared transaction on promoted standby"
);
$node_master->psql(
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