# Module doctest.
-# Released to the public domain 16-Jan-2001,
-# by Tim Peters (tim.one@home.com).
+# Released to the public domain 16-Jan-2001, by Tim Peters (tim@python.org).
+# Significant enhancements by:
+# Jim Fulton
+# Edward Loper
# Provided as-is; use at your own risk; no warranty; no promises; enjoy!
+# [XX] This docstring is out-of-date:
r"""Module doctest -- a framework for running examples in docstrings.
NORMAL USAGE
"""
__all__ = [
+ 'is_private',
+ 'Example',
+ 'DocTest',
+ 'DocTestFinder',
+ 'DocTestRunner',
'testmod',
'run_docstring_examples',
- 'is_private',
'Tester',
+ 'DocTestTestCase',
'DocTestSuite',
'testsource',
'debug',
- 'master',
+# 'master',
]
import __future__
-import re
-PS1 = ">>>"
-PS2 = "..."
-_isPS1 = re.compile(r"(\s*)" + re.escape(PS1)).match
-_isPS2 = re.compile(r"(\s*)" + re.escape(PS2)).match
-_isEmpty = re.compile(r"\s*$").match
-_isComment = re.compile(r"\s*#").match
-del re
-
-from types import StringTypes as _StringTypes
-
-from inspect import isclass as _isclass
-from inspect import isfunction as _isfunction
-from inspect import ismethod as _ismethod
-from inspect import ismodule as _ismodule
-from inspect import classify_class_attrs as _classify_class_attrs
+import sys, traceback, inspect, linecache, re, types
+import unittest, difflib, tempfile
+from StringIO import StringIO
# Option constants.
DONT_ACCEPT_TRUE_FOR_1 = 1 << 0
-
-# Extract interactive examples from a string. Return a list of triples,
-# (source, outcome, lineno). "source" is the source code, and ends
-# with a newline iff the source spans more than one line. "outcome" is
-# the expected output if any, else an empty string. When not empty,
-# outcome always ends with a newline. "lineno" is the line number,
-# 0-based wrt the start of the string, of the first source line.
-
-def _extract_examples(s):
- isPS1, isPS2 = _isPS1, _isPS2
- isEmpty, isComment = _isEmpty, _isComment
- examples = []
- lines = s.split("\n")
- i, n = 0, len(lines)
- while i < n:
- line = lines[i]
- i = i + 1
- m = isPS1(line)
- if m is None:
- continue
- j = m.end(0) # beyond the prompt
- if isEmpty(line, j) or isComment(line, j):
- # a bare prompt or comment -- not interesting
- continue
- lineno = i - 1
- if line[j] != " ":
- raise ValueError("line %r of docstring lacks blank after %s: %s" %
- (lineno, PS1, line))
- j = j + 1
- blanks = m.group(1)
- nblanks = len(blanks)
- # suck up this and following PS2 lines
- source = []
- while 1:
- source.append(line[j:])
- line = lines[i]
- m = isPS2(line)
- if m:
- if m.group(1) != blanks:
- raise ValueError("inconsistent leading whitespace "
- "in line %r of docstring: %s" % (i, line))
- i = i + 1
- else:
- break
- if len(source) == 1:
- source = source[0]
- else:
- # get rid of useless null line from trailing empty "..."
- if source[-1] == "":
- del source[-1]
- source = "\n".join(source) + "\n"
- # suck up response
- if isPS1(line) or isEmpty(line):
- expect = ""
- else:
- expect = []
- while 1:
- if line[:nblanks] != blanks:
- raise ValueError("inconsistent leading whitespace "
- "in line %r of docstring: %s" % (i, line))
- expect.append(line[nblanks:])
- i = i + 1
- line = lines[i]
- if isPS1(line) or isEmpty(line):
- break
- expect = "\n".join(expect) + "\n"
- examples.append( (source, expect, lineno) )
- return examples
-
-# Capture stdout when running examples.
-
-class _SpoofOut:
- def __init__(self):
- self.clear()
- def write(self, s):
- self.buf.append(s)
- def get(self):
- guts = "".join(self.buf)
- # If anything at all was written, make sure there's a trailing
- # newline. There's no way for the expected output to indicate
- # that a trailing newline is missing.
- if guts and not guts.endswith("\n"):
- guts = guts + "\n"
- # Prevent softspace from screwing up the next test case, in
- # case they used print with a trailing comma in an example.
- if hasattr(self, "softspace"):
- del self.softspace
- return guts
- def clear(self):
- self.buf = []
- if hasattr(self, "softspace"):
- del self.softspace
- def flush(self):
- # JPython calls flush
- pass
-
-# Display some tag-and-msg pairs nicely, keeping the tag and its msg
-# on the same line when that makes sense.
-
-def _tag_out(printer, *tag_msg_pairs):
- for tag, msg in tag_msg_pairs:
- printer(tag + ":")
- msg_has_nl = msg[-1:] == "\n"
- msg_has_two_nl = msg_has_nl and \
- msg.find("\n") < len(msg) - 1
- if len(tag) + len(msg) < 76 and not msg_has_two_nl:
- printer(" ")
- else:
- printer("\n")
- printer(msg)
- if not msg_has_nl:
- printer("\n")
-
-# Run list of examples, in context globs. "out" can be used to display
-# stuff to "the real" stdout, and fakeout is an instance of _SpoofOut
-# that captures the examples' std output. Return (#failures, #tries).
-
-def _run_examples_inner(out, fakeout, examples, globs, verbose, name,
- compileflags, optionflags):
- import sys, traceback
- OK, BOOM, FAIL = range(3)
- NADA = "nothing"
- stderr = _SpoofOut()
- failures = 0
- for source, want, lineno in examples:
- if verbose:
- _tag_out(out, ("Trying", source),
- ("Expecting", want or NADA))
- fakeout.clear()
- try:
- exec compile(source, "<string>", "single",
- compileflags, 1) in globs
- got = fakeout.get()
- state = OK
- except KeyboardInterrupt:
- raise
- except:
- # See whether the exception was expected.
- if want.find("Traceback (innermost last):\n") == 0 or \
- want.find("Traceback (most recent call last):\n") == 0:
- # Only compare exception type and value - the rest of
- # the traceback isn't necessary.
- want = want.split('\n')[-2] + '\n'
- exc_type, exc_val = sys.exc_info()[:2]
- got = traceback.format_exception_only(exc_type, exc_val)[-1]
- state = OK
- else:
- # unexpected exception
- stderr.clear()
- traceback.print_exc(file=stderr)
- state = BOOM
-
- if state == OK:
- if (got == want or
- (not (optionflags & DONT_ACCEPT_TRUE_FOR_1) and
- (got, want) in (("True\n", "1\n"), ("False\n", "0\n"))
- )
- ):
- if verbose:
- out("ok\n")
- continue
- state = FAIL
-
- assert state in (FAIL, BOOM)
- failures = failures + 1
- out("*" * 65 + "\n")
- _tag_out(out, ("Failure in example", source))
- out("from line #%r of %s\n" % (lineno, name))
- if state == FAIL:
- _tag_out(out, ("Expected", want or NADA), ("Got", got))
- else:
- assert state == BOOM
- _tag_out(out, ("Exception raised", stderr.get()))
-
- return failures, len(examples)
-
-# Get the future-flags associated with the future features that have been
-# imported into globs.
-
-def _extract_future_flags(globs):
- flags = 0
- for fname in __future__.all_feature_names:
- feature = globs.get(fname, None)
- if feature is getattr(__future__, fname):
- flags |= feature.compiler_flag
- return flags
-
-# Run list of examples, in a shallow copy of context (dict) globs.
-# Return (#failures, #tries).
-
-def _run_examples(examples, globs, verbose, name, compileflags,
- optionflags):
- import sys
- saveout = sys.stdout
- globs = globs.copy()
- try:
- sys.stdout = fakeout = _SpoofOut()
- x = _run_examples_inner(saveout.write, fakeout, examples,
- globs, verbose, name, compileflags,
- optionflags)
- finally:
- sys.stdout = saveout
- # While Python gc can clean up most cycles on its own, it doesn't
- # chase frame objects. This is especially irksome when running
- # generator tests that raise exceptions, because a named generator-
- # iterator gets an entry in globs, and the generator-iterator
- # object's frame's traceback info points back to globs. This is
- # easy to break just by clearing the namespace. This can also
- # help to break other kinds of cycles, and even for cycles that
- # gc can break itself it's better to break them ASAP.
- globs.clear()
- return x
-
-def run_docstring_examples(f, globs, verbose=0, name="NoName",
- compileflags=None, optionflags=0):
- """f, globs, verbose=0, name="NoName" -> run examples from f.__doc__.
-
- Use (a shallow copy of) dict globs as the globals for execution.
- Return (#failures, #tries).
-
- If optional arg verbose is true, print stuff even if there are no
- failures.
- Use string name in failure msgs.
- """
-
- try:
- doc = f.__doc__
- if not doc:
- # docstring empty or None
- return 0, 0
- # just in case CT invents a doc object that has to be forced
- # to look like a string <0.9 wink>
- doc = str(doc)
- except KeyboardInterrupt:
- raise
- except:
- return 0, 0
-
- e = _extract_examples(doc)
- if not e:
- return 0, 0
- if compileflags is None:
- compileflags = _extract_future_flags(globs)
- return _run_examples(e, globs, verbose, name, compileflags, optionflags)
+DONT_ACCEPT_BLANKLINE = 1 << 1
+NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE = 1 << 2
+ELLIPSIS = 1 << 3
+UNIFIED_DIFF = 1 << 4
+CONTEXT_DIFF = 1 << 5
+
+OPTIONFLAGS_BY_NAME = {
+ 'DONT_ACCEPT_TRUE_FOR_1': DONT_ACCEPT_TRUE_FOR_1,
+ 'DONT_ACCEPT_BLANKLINE': DONT_ACCEPT_BLANKLINE,
+ 'NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE': NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE,
+ 'ELLIPSIS': ELLIPSIS,
+ 'UNIFIED_DIFF': UNIFIED_DIFF,
+ 'CONTEXT_DIFF': CONTEXT_DIFF,
+ }
+
+# Special string markers for use in `want` strings:
+BLANKLINE_MARKER = '<BLANKLINE>'
+ELLIPSIS_MARKER = '...'
+
+######################################################################
+## Table of Contents
+######################################################################
+# 1. Utility Functions
+# 2. Example & DocTest -- store test cases
+# 3. DocTest Finder -- extracts test cases from objects
+# 4. DocTest Runner -- runs test cases
+# 5. Test Functions -- convenient wrappers for testing
+# 6. Tester Class -- for backwards compatibility
+# 7. Unittest Support
+# 8. Debugging Support
+# 9. Example Usage
+
+######################################################################
+## 1. Utility Functions
+######################################################################
def is_private(prefix, base):
"""prefix, base -> true iff name prefix + "." + base is "private".
>>> is_private("", "") # senseless but consistent
False
"""
-
return base[:1] == "_" and not base[:2] == "__" == base[-2:]
-# Determine if a class of function was defined in the given module.
-
-def _from_module(module, object):
- if _isfunction(object):
- return module.__dict__ is object.func_globals
- if _isclass(object):
- return module.__name__ == object.__module__
- raise ValueError("object must be a class or function")
-
-class Tester:
- """Class Tester -- runs docstring examples and accumulates stats.
-
-In normal use, function doctest.testmod() hides all this from you,
-so use that if you can. Create your own instances of Tester to do
-fancier things.
-
-Methods:
- runstring(s, name)
- Search string s for examples to run; use name for logging.
- Return (#failures, #tries).
-
- rundoc(object, name=None)
- Search object.__doc__ for examples to run; use name (or
- object.__name__) for logging. Return (#failures, #tries).
-
- rundict(d, name, module=None)
- Search for examples in docstrings in all of d.values(); use name
- for logging. Exclude functions and classes not defined in module
- if specified. Return (#failures, #tries).
-
- run__test__(d, name)
- Treat dict d like module.__test__. Return (#failures, #tries).
+def _extract_future_flags(globs):
+ """
+ Return the compiler-flags associated with the future features that
+ have been imported into the given namespace (globs).
+ """
+ flags = 0
+ for fname in __future__.all_feature_names:
+ feature = globs.get(fname, None)
+ if feature is getattr(__future__, fname):
+ flags |= feature.compiler_flag
+ return flags
- summarize(verbose=None)
- Display summary of testing results, to stdout. Return
- (#failures, #tries).
+def _normalize_module(module, depth=2):
+ """
+ Return the module specified by `module`. In particular:
+ - If `module` is a module, then return module.
+ - If `module` is a string, then import and return the
+ module with that name.
+ - If `module` is None, then return the calling module.
+ The calling module is assumed to be the module of
+ the stack frame at the given depth in the call stack.
+ """
+ if inspect.ismodule(module):
+ return module
+ elif isinstance(module, (str, unicode)):
+ return __import__(module, globals(), locals(), ["*"])
+ elif module is None:
+ return sys.modules[sys._getframe(depth).f_globals['__name__']]
+ else:
+ raise TypeError("Expected a module, string, or None")
- merge(other)
- Merge in the test results from Tester instance "other".
+def _tag_msg(tag, msg, indent_msg=True):
+ """
+ Return a string that displays a tag-and-message pair nicely,
+ keeping the tag and its message on the same line when that
+ makes sense. If `indent_msg` is true, then messages that are
+ put on separate lines will be indented.
+ """
+ # What string should we use to indent contents?
+ INDENT = ' '
+
+ # If the message doesn't end in a newline, then add one.
+ if msg[-1:] != '\n':
+ msg += '\n'
+ # If the message is short enough, and contains no internal
+ # newlines, then display it on the same line as the tag.
+ # Otherwise, display the tag on its own line.
+ if (len(tag) + len(msg) < 75 and
+ msg.find('\n', 0, len(msg)-1) == -1):
+ return '%s: %s' % (tag, msg)
+ else:
+ if indent_msg:
+ msg = '\n'.join([INDENT+l for l in msg.split('\n')])
+ msg = msg[:-len(INDENT)]
+ return '%s:\n%s' % (tag, msg)
+
+# Override some StringIO methods.
+class _SpoofOut(StringIO):
+ def getvalue(self):
+ result = StringIO.getvalue(self)
+ # If anything at all was written, make sure there's a trailing
+ # newline. There's no way for the expected output to indicate
+ # that a trailing newline is missing.
+ if result and not result.endswith("\n"):
+ result += "\n"
+ # Prevent softspace from screwing up the next test case, in
+ # case they used print with a trailing comma in an example.
+ if hasattr(self, "softspace"):
+ del self.softspace
+ return result
->>> from doctest import Tester
->>> t = Tester(globs={'x': 42}, verbose=0)
->>> t.runstring(r'''
-... >>> x = x * 2
-... >>> print x
-... 42
-... ''', 'XYZ')
-*****************************************************************
-Failure in example: print x
-from line #2 of XYZ
-Expected: 42
-Got: 84
-(1, 2)
->>> t.runstring(">>> x = x * 2\\n>>> print x\\n84\\n", 'example2')
-(0, 2)
->>> t.summarize()
-*****************************************************************
-1 items had failures:
- 1 of 2 in XYZ
-***Test Failed*** 1 failures.
-(1, 4)
->>> t.summarize(verbose=1)
-1 items passed all tests:
- 2 tests in example2
-*****************************************************************
-1 items had failures:
- 1 of 2 in XYZ
-4 tests in 2 items.
-3 passed and 1 failed.
-***Test Failed*** 1 failures.
-(1, 4)
->>>
-"""
+ def truncate(self, size=None):
+ StringIO.truncate(self, size)
+ if hasattr(self, "softspace"):
+ del self.softspace
- def __init__(self, mod=None, globs=None, verbose=None,
- isprivate=None, optionflags=0):
- """mod=None, globs=None, verbose=None, isprivate=None,
-optionflags=0
+######################################################################
+## 2. Example & DocTest
+######################################################################
+## - An "example" is a <source, want> pair, where "source" is a
+## fragment of source code, and "want" is the expected output for
+## "source." The Example class also includes information about
+## where the example was extracted from.
+##
+## - A "doctest" is a collection of examples extracted from a string
+## (such as an object's docstring). The DocTest class also includes
+## information about where the string was extracted from.
+
+class Example:
+ """
+ A single doctest example, consisting of source code and expected
+ output. Example defines the following attributes:
-See doctest.__doc__ for an overview.
+ - source: The source code that should be run. It ends with a
+ newline iff the source spans more than one line.
-Optional keyword arg "mod" is a module, whose globals are used for
-executing examples. If not specified, globs must be specified.
+ - want: The expected output from running the source code. If
+ not empty, then this string ends with a newline.
-Optional keyword arg "globs" gives a dict to be used as the globals
-when executing examples; if not specified, use the globals from
-module mod.
+ - lineno: The line number within the DocTest string containing
+ this Example where the Example begins. This line number is
+ zero-based, with respect to the beginning of the DocTest.
+ """
+ def __init__(self, source, want, lineno):
+ # Check invariants.
+ assert (source[-1:] == '\n') == ('\n' in source[:-1])
+ assert want == '' or want[-1] == '\n'
+ # Store properties.
+ self.source = source
+ self.want = want
+ self.lineno = lineno
+
+class DocTest:
+ """
+ A collection of doctest examples that should be run in a single
+ namespace. Each DocTest defines the following attributes:
-In either case, a copy of the dict is used for each docstring
-examined.
+ - examples: the list of examples.
-Optional keyword arg "verbose" prints lots of stuff if true, only
-failures if false; by default, it's true iff "-v" is in sys.argv.
+ - globs: The namespace (aka globals) that the examples should
+ be run in.
-Optional keyword arg "isprivate" specifies a function used to determine
-whether a name is private. The default function is to assume that
-no functions are private. The "isprivate" arg may be set to
-doctest.is_private in order to skip over functions marked as private
-using an underscore naming convention; see its docs for details.
+ - name: A name identifying the DocTest (typically, the name of
+ the object whose docstring this DocTest was extracted from).
-See doctest.testmod docs for the meaning of optionflags.
-"""
+ - filename: The name of the file that this DocTest was extracted
+ from.
- if mod is None and globs is None:
- raise TypeError("Tester.__init__: must specify mod or globs")
- if mod is not None and not _ismodule(mod):
- raise TypeError("Tester.__init__: mod must be a module; %r" % (mod,))
- if globs is None:
- globs = mod.__dict__
- self.globs = globs
+ - lineno: The line number within filename where this DocTest
+ begins. This line number is zero-based, with respect to the
+ beginning of the file.
+ """
+ def __init__(self, docstring, globs, name, filename, lineno):
+ """
+ Create a new DocTest, by extracting examples from `docstring`.
+ The DocTest's globals are initialized with a copy of `globs`.
+ """
+ # Store a copy of the globals
+ self.globs = globs.copy()
+ # Store identifying information
+ self.name = name
+ self.filename = filename
+ self.lineno = lineno
+ # Parse the docstring.
+ self.examples = self._parse(docstring)
+
+ _PS1 = ">>>"
+ _PS2 = "..."
+ _isPS1 = re.compile(r"(\s*)" + re.escape(_PS1)).match
+ _isPS2 = re.compile(r"(\s*)" + re.escape(_PS2)).match
+ _isEmpty = re.compile(r"\s*$").match
+ _isComment = re.compile(r"\s*#").match
+
+ def _parse(self, string):
+ if not string.endswith('\n'):
+ string += '\n'
+ examples = []
+ isPS1, isPS2 = self._isPS1, self._isPS2
+ isEmpty, isComment = self._isEmpty, self._isComment
+ lines = string.split("\n")
+ i, n = 0, len(lines)
+ while i < n:
+ # Search for an example (a PS1 line).
+ line = lines[i]
+ i += 1
+ m = isPS1(line)
+ if m is None:
+ continue
+ # line is a PS1 line.
+ j = m.end(0) # beyond the prompt
+ if isEmpty(line, j) or isComment(line, j):
+ # a bare prompt or comment -- not interesting
+ continue
+ # line is a non-trivial PS1 line.
+ lineno = i - 1
+ if line[j] != " ":
+ raise ValueError('line %r of the docstring for %s lacks '
+ 'blank after %s: %r' %
+ (lineno, self.name, self._PS1, line))
+
+ j += 1
+ blanks = m.group(1)
+ nblanks = len(blanks)
+ # suck up this and following PS2 lines
+ source = []
+ while 1:
+ source.append(line[j:])
+ line = lines[i]
+ m = isPS2(line)
+ if m:
+ if m.group(1) != blanks:
+ raise ValueError('line %r of the docstring for %s '
+ 'has inconsistent leading whitespace: %r' %
+ (i, self.name, line))
+ i += 1
+ else:
+ break
+ # get rid of useless null line from trailing empty "..."
+ if source[-1] == "":
+ assert len(source) > 1
+ del source[-1]
+ if len(source) == 1:
+ source = source[0]
+ else:
+ source = "\n".join(source) + "\n"
+ # suck up response
+ if isPS1(line) or isEmpty(line):
+ want = ""
+ else:
+ want = []
+ while 1:
+ if line[:nblanks] != blanks:
+ raise ValueError('line %r of the docstring for %s '
+ 'has inconsistent leading whitespace: %r' %
+ (i, self.name, line))
+ want.append(line[nblanks:])
+ i += 1
+ line = lines[i]
+ if isPS1(line) or isEmpty(line):
+ break
+ want = "\n".join(want) + "\n"
+ examples.append(Example(source, want, lineno))
+ return examples
- if verbose is None:
- import sys
- verbose = "-v" in sys.argv
- self.verbose = verbose
+ def __repr__(self):
+ if len(self.examples) == 0:
+ examples = 'no examples'
+ elif len(self.examples) == 1:
+ examples = '1 example'
+ else:
+ examples = '%d examples' % len(self.examples)
+ return ('<DocTest %s from %s:%s (%s)>' %
+ (self.name, self.filename, self.lineno, examples))
- # By default, assume that nothing is private
- if isprivate is None:
- isprivate = lambda prefix, base: 0
- self.isprivate = isprivate
- self.optionflags = optionflags
+ # This lets us sort tests by name:
+ def __cmp__(self, other):
+ if not isinstance(other, DocTest):
+ return -1
+ return cmp((self.name, self.filename, self.lineno, id(self)),
+ (other.name, other.filename, other.lineno, id(other)))
- self.name2ft = {} # map name to (#failures, #trials) pair
+######################################################################
+## 3. DocTest Finder
+######################################################################
- self.compileflags = _extract_future_flags(globs)
+class DocTestFinder:
+ """
+ A class used to extract the DocTests that are relevant to a given
+ object, from its docstring and the docstrings of its contained
+ objects. Doctests can currently be extracted from the following
+ object types: modules, functions, classes, methods, staticmethods,
+ classmethods, and properties.
+
+ An optional name filter and an optional object filter may be
+ passed to the constructor, to restrict which contained objects are
+ examined by the doctest finder:
+
+ - The name filter is a function `f(prefix, base)`, that returns
+ true if an object named `prefix.base` should be ignored.
+ - The object filter is a function `f(obj)` that returns true
+ if the given object should be ignored.
+
+ Each object is ignored if either filter function returns true for
+ that object. These filter functions are applied when examining
+ the contents of a module or of a class, but not when examining a
+ module's `__test__` dictionary. By default, no objects are
+ ignored.
+ """
- def runstring(self, s, name):
+ def __init__(self, verbose=False, namefilter=None, objfilter=None,
+ recurse=True):
"""
- s, name -> search string s for examples to run, logging as name.
+ Create a new doctest finder.
- Use string name as the key for logging the outcome.
- Return (#failures, #examples).
+ If the optional argument `recurse` is false, then `find` will
+ only examine the given object, and not any contained objects.
+ """
+ self._verbose = verbose
+ self._namefilter = namefilter
+ self._objfilter = objfilter
+ self._recurse = recurse
- >>> t = Tester(globs={}, verbose=1)
- >>> test = r'''
- ... # just an example
- ... >>> x = 1 + 2
- ... >>> x
- ... 3
- ... '''
- >>> t.runstring(test, "Example")
- Running string Example
- Trying: x = 1 + 2
- Expecting: nothing
- ok
- Trying: x
- Expecting: 3
- ok
- 0 of 2 examples failed in string Example
- (0, 2)
+ def find(self, obj, name=None, module=None, globs=None,
+ extraglobs=None, ignore_imports=True):
"""
+ Return a list of the DocTests that are defined by the given
+ object's docstring, or by any of its contained objects'
+ docstrings.
+
+ The optional parameter `module` is the module that contains
+ the given object. If the module is not specified, then the
+ test finder will attempt to automatically determine the
+ correct module. The object's module is used:
+
+ - As a default namespace, if `globs` is not specified.
+ - To prevent the DocTestFinder from extracting DocTests
+ from objects that are imported from other modules
+ (as long as `ignore_imports` is true).
+ - To find the name of the file containing the object.
+ - To help find the line number of the object within its
+ file.
+
+ The globals for each DocTest is formed by combining `globs`
+ and `extraglobs` (bindings in `extraglobs` override bindings
+ in `globs`). A new copy of the globals dictionary is created
+ for each DocTest. If `globs` is not specified, then it
+ defaults to the module's `__dict__`, if specified, or {}
+ otherwise. If `extraglobs` is not specified, then it defaults
+ to {}.
+
+ If the optional flag `ignore_imports` is true, then the
+ doctest finder will ignore any contained objects whose module
+ does not match `module`. Otherwise, it will extract tests
+ from all contained objects, including imported objects.
+ """
+ # If name was not specified, then extract it from the object.
+ if name is None:
+ name = getattr(obj, '__name__', None)
+ if name is None:
+ raise ValueError("DocTestFinder.find: name must be given "
+ "when obj.__name__ doesn't exist: %r" %
+ (type(obj),))
+
+ # Find the module that contains the given object (if obj is
+ # a module, then module=obj.). Note: this may fail, in which
+ # case module will be None.
+ if module is None:
+ module = inspect.getmodule(obj)
+
+ # Read the module's source code. This is used by
+ # DocTestFinder._find_lineno to find the line number for a
+ # given object's docstring.
+ try:
+ file = inspect.getsourcefile(obj) or inspect.getfile(obj)
+ source_lines = linecache.getlines(file)
+ if not source_lines:
+ source_lines = None
+ except TypeError:
+ source_lines = None
+
+ # Initialize globals, and merge in extraglobs.
+ if globs is None:
+ if module is None:
+ globs = {}
+ else:
+ globs = module.__dict__.copy()
+ else:
+ globs = globs.copy()
+ if extraglobs is not None:
+ globs.update(extraglobs)
- if self.verbose:
- print "Running string", name
- f = t = 0
- e = _extract_examples(s)
- if e:
- f, t = _run_examples(e, self.globs, self.verbose, name,
- self.compileflags, self.optionflags)
- if self.verbose:
- print f, "of", t, "examples failed in string", name
- self.__record_outcome(name, f, t)
- return f, t
+ # Recursively expore `obj`, extracting DocTests.
+ tests = []
+ self._find(tests, obj, name, module, source_lines,
+ globs, ignore_imports, {})
+ return tests
- def rundoc(self, object, name=None):
+ def _filter(self, obj, prefix, base):
"""
- object, name=None -> search object.__doc__ for examples to run.
-
- Use optional string name as the key for logging the outcome;
- by default use object.__name__.
- Return (#failures, #examples).
- If object is a class object, search recursively for method
- docstrings too.
- object.__doc__ is examined regardless of name, but if object is
- a class, whether private names reached from object are searched
- depends on the constructor's "isprivate" argument.
+ Return true if the given object should not be examined.
+ """
+ return ((self._namefilter is not None and
+ self._namefilter(prefix, base)) or
+ (self._objfilter is not None and
+ self._objfilter(obj)))
- >>> t = Tester(globs={}, verbose=0)
- >>> def _f():
- ... '''Trivial docstring example.
- ... >>> assert 2 == 2
- ... '''
- ... return 32
- ...
- >>> t.rundoc(_f) # expect 0 failures in 1 example
- (0, 1)
+ def _from_module(self, module, object):
+ """
+ Return true if the given object is defined in the given
+ module.
"""
+ if module is None:
+ return True
+ elif inspect.isfunction(object):
+ return module.__dict__ is object.func_globals
+ elif inspect.isclass(object):
+ return module.__name__ == object.__module__
+ elif inspect.getmodule(object) is not None:
+ return module is inspect.getmodule(object)
+ elif hasattr(object, '__module__'):
+ return module.__name__ == object.__module__
+ elif isinstance(object, property):
+ return True # [XX] no way not be sure.
+ else:
+ raise ValueError("object must be a class or function")
- if name is None:
- try:
- name = object.__name__
- except AttributeError:
- raise ValueError("Tester.rundoc: name must be given "
- "when object.__name__ doesn't exist; %r" % (object,))
- if self.verbose:
- print "Running", name + ".__doc__"
- f, t = run_docstring_examples(object, self.globs, self.verbose, name,
- self.compileflags, self.optionflags)
- if self.verbose:
- print f, "of", t, "examples failed in", name + ".__doc__"
- self.__record_outcome(name, f, t)
- if _isclass(object):
- # In 2.2, class and static methods complicate life. Build
- # a dict "that works", by hook or by crook.
- d = {}
- for tag, kind, homecls, value in _classify_class_attrs(object):
-
- if homecls is not object:
- # Only look at names defined immediately by the class.
+ def _find(self, tests, obj, name, module, source_lines,
+ globs, ignore_imports, seen):
+ """
+ Find tests for the given object and any contained objects, and
+ add them to `tests`.
+ """
+ if self._verbose:
+ print 'Finding tests in %s' % name
+
+ # If we've already processed this object, then ignore it.
+ if id(obj) in seen:
+ return
+ seen[id(obj)] = 1
+
+ # Find a test for this object, and add it to the list of tests.
+ test = self._get_test(obj, name, module, globs, source_lines)
+ if test is not None:
+ tests.append(test)
+
+ # Look for tests in a module's contained objects.
+ if inspect.ismodule(obj) and self._recurse:
+ for valname, val in obj.__dict__.items():
+ # Check if this contained object should be ignored.
+ if self._filter(val, name, valname):
continue
-
- elif self.isprivate(name, tag):
+ valname = '%s.%s' % (name, valname)
+ # Recurse to functions & classes.
+ if ((inspect.isfunction(val) or inspect.isclass(val)) and
+ (self._from_module(module, val) or not ignore_imports)):
+ self._find(tests, val, valname, module, source_lines,
+ globs, ignore_imports, seen)
+
+ # Look for tests in a module's __test__ dictionary.
+ if inspect.ismodule(obj) and self._recurse:
+ for valname, val in getattr(obj, '__test__', {}).items():
+ if not isinstance(valname, basestring):
+ raise ValueError("DocTestFinder.find: __test__ keys "
+ "must be strings: %r" %
+ (type(valname),))
+ if not (inspect.isfunction(val) or inspect.isclass(val) or
+ inspect.ismethod(val) or inspect.ismodule(val) or
+ isinstance(val, basestring)):
+ raise ValueError("DocTestFinder.find: __test__ values "
+ "must be strings, functions, methods, "
+ "classes, or modules: %r" %
+ (type(val),))
+ valname = '%s.%s' % (name, valname)
+ self._find(tests, val, valname, module, source_lines,
+ globs, ignore_imports, seen)
+
+ # Look for tests in a class's contained objects.
+ if inspect.isclass(obj) and self._recurse:
+ for valname, val in obj.__dict__.items():
+ # Check if this contained object should be ignored.
+ if self._filter(val, name, valname):
continue
+ # Special handling for staticmethod/classmethod.
+ if isinstance(val, staticmethod):
+ val = getattr(obj, valname)
+ if isinstance(val, classmethod):
+ val = getattr(obj, valname).im_func
+
+ # Recurse to methods, properties, and nested classes.
+ if ((inspect.isfunction(val) or inspect.isclass(val) or
+ isinstance(val, property)) and
+ (self._from_module(module, val) or not ignore_imports)):
+ valname = '%s.%s' % (name, valname)
+ self._find(tests, val, valname, module, source_lines,
+ globs, ignore_imports, seen)
+
+ def _get_test(self, obj, name, module, globs, source_lines):
+ """
+ Return a DocTest for the given object, if it defines a docstring;
+ otherwise, return None.
+ """
+ # Extract the object's docstring. If it doesn't have one,
+ # then return None (no test for this object).
+ if isinstance(obj, basestring):
+ docstring = obj
+ else:
+ try:
+ if obj.__doc__ is None:
+ return None
+ docstring = str(obj.__doc__)
+ except (TypeError, AttributeError):
+ return None
+
+ # Don't bother if the docstring is empty.
+ if not docstring:
+ return None
+
+ # Find the docstring's location in the file.
+ lineno = self._find_lineno(obj, source_lines)
+
+ # Return a DocTest for this object.
+ if module is None:
+ filename = None
+ else:
+ filename = getattr(module, '__file__', module.__name__)
+ return DocTest(docstring, globs, name, filename, lineno)
- elif kind == "method":
- # value is already a function
- d[tag] = value
+ def _find_lineno(self, obj, source_lines):
+ """
+ Return a line number of the given object's docstring. Note:
+ this method assumes that the object has a docstring.
+ """
+ lineno = None
+
+ # Find the line number for modules.
+ if inspect.ismodule(obj):
+ lineno = 0
+
+ # Find the line number for classes.
+ # Note: this could be fooled if a class is defined multiple
+ # times in a single file.
+ if inspect.isclass(obj):
+ if source_lines is None:
+ return None
+ pat = re.compile(r'^\s*class\s*%s\b' %
+ getattr(obj, '__name__', '-'))
+ for i, line in enumerate(source_lines):
+ if pat.match(line):
+ lineno = i
+ break
- elif kind == "static method":
- # value isn't a function, but getattr reveals one
- d[tag] = getattr(object, tag)
+ # Find the line number for functions & methods.
+ if inspect.ismethod(obj): obj = obj.im_func
+ if inspect.isfunction(obj): obj = obj.func_code
+ if inspect.istraceback(obj): obj = obj.tb_frame
+ if inspect.isframe(obj): obj = obj.f_code
+ if inspect.iscode(obj):
+ lineno = getattr(obj, 'co_firstlineno', None)-1
+
+ # Find the line number where the docstring starts. Assume
+ # that it's the first line that begins with a quote mark.
+ # Note: this could be fooled by a multiline function
+ # signature, where a continuation line begins with a quote
+ # mark.
+ if lineno is not None:
+ if source_lines is None:
+ return lineno+1
+ pat = re.compile('(^|.*:)\s*\w*("|\')')
+ for lineno in range(lineno, len(source_lines)):
+ if pat.match(source_lines[lineno]):
+ return lineno
+
+ # We couldn't find the line number.
+ return None
+
+######################################################################
+## 4. DocTest Runner
+######################################################################
+
+# [XX] Should overridable methods (eg DocTestRunner.check_output) be
+# named with a leading underscore?
+
+class DocTestRunner:
+ """
+ A class used to run DocTest test cases, and accumulate statistics.
+ The `run` method is used to process a single DocTest case. It
+ returns a tuple `(f, t)`, where `t` is the number of test cases
+ tried, and `f` is the number of test cases that failed.
+
+ >>> tests = DocTestFinder().find(_TestClass)
+ >>> runner = DocTestRunner(verbose=False)
+ >>> for test in tests:
+ ... print runner.run(test)
+ (0, 2)
+ (0, 1)
+ (0, 2)
+ (0, 2)
- elif kind == "class method":
- # Hmm. A classmethod object doesn't seem to reveal
- # enough. But getattr turns it into a bound method,
- # and from there .im_func retrieves the underlying
- # function.
- d[tag] = getattr(object, tag).im_func
+ The `summarize` method prints a summary of all the test cases that
+ have been run by the runner, and returns an aggregated `(f, t)`
+ tuple:
+
+ >>> runner.summarize(verbose=1)
+ 4 items passed all tests:
+ 2 tests in _TestClass
+ 2 tests in _TestClass.__init__
+ 2 tests in _TestClass.get
+ 1 tests in _TestClass.square
+ 7 tests in 4 items.
+ 7 passed and 0 failed.
+ Test passed.
+ (0, 7)
+
+ The aggregated number of tried examples and failed examples is
+ also available via the `tries` and `failures` attributes:
+
+ >>> runner.tries
+ 7
+ >>> runner.failures
+ 0
+
+ The comparison between expected outputs and actual outputs is done
+ by the `check_output` method. This comparison may be customized
+ with a number of option flags; see the documentation for `testmod`
+ for more information. If the option flags are insufficient, then
+ the comparison may also be customized by subclassing
+ DocTestRunner, and overriding the methods `check_output` and
+ `output_difference`.
+
+ The test runner's display output can be controlled in two ways.
+ First, an output function (`out) can be passed to
+ `TestRunner.run`; this function will be called with strings that
+ should be displayed. It defaults to `sys.stdout.write`. If
+ capturing the output is not sufficient, then the display output
+ can be also customized by subclassing DocTestRunner, and
+ overriding the methods `report_start`, `report_success`,
+ `report_unexpected_exception`, and `report_failure`.
+ """
+ # This divider string is used to separate failure messages, and to
+ # separate sections of the summary.
+ DIVIDER = "*" * 70
- elif kind == "property":
- # The methods implementing the property have their
- # own docstrings -- but the property may have one too.
- if value.__doc__ is not None:
- d[tag] = str(value.__doc__)
+ def __init__(self, verbose=None, optionflags=0):
+ """
+ Create a new test runner.
- elif kind == "data":
- # Grab nested classes.
- if _isclass(value):
- d[tag] = value
+ Optional keyword arg 'verbose' prints lots of stuff if true,
+ only failures if false; by default, it's true iff '-v' is in
+ sys.argv.
- else:
- raise ValueError("teach doctest about %r" % kind)
+ Optional argument `optionflags` can be used to control how the
+ test runner compares expected output to actual output, and how
+ it displays failures. See the documentation for `testmod` for
+ more information.
+ """
+ if verbose is None:
+ verbose = '-v' in sys.argv
+ self._verbose = verbose
+ self.optionflags = optionflags
- f2, t2 = self.run__test__(d, name)
- f += f2
- t += t2
+ # Keep track of the examples we've run.
+ self.tries = 0
+ self.failures = 0
+ self._name2ft = {}
- return f, t
+ # Create a fake output target for capturing doctest output.
+ self._fakeout = _SpoofOut()
- def rundict(self, d, name, module=None):
+ #/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+ # Output verification methods
+ #/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+ # These two methods should be updated together, since the
+ # output_difference method needs to know what should be considered
+ # to match by check_output.
+
+ def check_output(self, want, got):
+ """
+ Return True iff the actual output (`got`) matches the expected
+ output (`want`). These strings are always considered to match
+ if they are identical; but depending on what option flags the
+ test runner is using, several non-exact match types are also
+ possible. See the documentation for `TestRunner` for more
+ information about option flags.
+ """
+ # Handle the common case first, for efficiency:
+ # if they're string-identical, always return true.
+ if got == want:
+ return True
+
+ # The values True and False replaced 1 and 0 as the return
+ # value for boolean comparisons in Python 2.3.
+ if not (self.optionflags & DONT_ACCEPT_TRUE_FOR_1):
+ if (got,want) == ("True\n", "1\n"):
+ return True
+ if (got,want) == ("False\n", "0\n"):
+ return True
+
+ # <BLANKLINE> can be used as a special sequence to signify a
+ # blank line, unless the DONT_ACCEPT_BLANKLINE flag is used.
+ if not (self.optionflags & DONT_ACCEPT_BLANKLINE):
+ # Replace <BLANKLINE> in want with a blank line.
+ want = re.sub('(?m)^%s\s*?$' % re.escape(BLANKLINE_MARKER),
+ '', want)
+ # If a line in got contains only spaces, then remove the
+ # spaces.
+ got = re.sub('(?m)^\s*?$', '', got)
+ if got == want:
+ return True
+
+ # This flag causes doctest to ignore any differences in the
+ # contents of whitespace strings. Note that this can be used
+ # in conjunction with the ELLISPIS flag.
+ if (self.optionflags & NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE):
+ got = ' '.join(got.split())
+ want = ' '.join(want.split())
+ if got == want:
+ return True
+
+ # The ELLIPSIS flag says to let the sequence "..." in `want`
+ # match any substring in `got`. We implement this by
+ # transforming `want` into a regular expression.
+ if (self.optionflags & ELLIPSIS):
+ # Escape any special regexp characters
+ want_re = re.escape(want)
+ # Replace ellipsis markers ('...') with .*
+ want_re = want_re.replace(re.escape(ELLIPSIS_MARKER), '.*')
+ # Require that it matches the entire string; and set the
+ # re.DOTALL flag (with '(?s)').
+ want_re = '(?s)^%s$' % want_re
+ # Check if the `want_re` regexp matches got.
+ if re.match(want_re, got):
+ return True
+
+ # We didn't find any match; return false.
+ return False
+
+ def output_difference(self, want, got):
+ """
+ Return a string describing the differences between the
+ expected output (`want`) and the actual output (`got`).
+ """
+ # If <BLANKLINE>s are being used, then replace <BLANKLINE>
+ # with blank lines in the expected output string.
+ if not (self.optionflags & DONT_ACCEPT_BLANKLINE):
+ want = re.sub('(?m)^%s$' % re.escape(BLANKLINE_MARKER), '', want)
+
+ # Check if we should use diff. Don't use diff if the actual
+ # or expected outputs are too short, or if the expected output
+ # contains an ellipsis marker.
+ if ((self.optionflags & (UNIFIED_DIFF | CONTEXT_DIFF)) and
+ want.count('\n') > 2 and got.count('\n') > 2 and
+ not (self.optionflags & ELLIPSIS and '...' in want)):
+ # Split want & got into lines.
+ want_lines = [l+'\n' for l in want.split('\n')]
+ got_lines = [l+'\n' for l in got.split('\n')]
+ # Use difflib to find their differences.
+ if self.optionflags & UNIFIED_DIFF:
+ diff = difflib.unified_diff(want_lines, got_lines, n=2,
+ fromfile='Expected', tofile='Got')
+ kind = 'unified'
+ elif self.optionflags & CONTEXT_DIFF:
+ diff = difflib.context_diff(want_lines, got_lines, n=2,
+ fromfile='Expected', tofile='Got')
+ kind = 'context'
+ else:
+ assert 0, 'Bad diff option'
+ # Remove trailing whitespace on diff output.
+ diff = [line.rstrip() + '\n' for line in diff]
+ return _tag_msg("Differences (" + kind + " diff)",
+ ''.join(diff))
+
+ # If we're not using diff, then simply list the expected
+ # output followed by the actual output.
+ return (_tag_msg("Expected", want or "Nothing") +
+ _tag_msg("Got", got))
+
+ #/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+ # Reporting methods
+ #/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+ def report_start(self, out, test, example):
+ """
+ Report that the test runner is about to process the given
+ example. (Only displays a message if verbose=True)
"""
- d, name, module=None -> search for docstring examples in d.values().
+ if self._verbose:
+ out(_tag_msg("Trying", example.source) +
+ _tag_msg("Expecting", example.want or "nothing"))
- For k, v in d.items() such that v is a function or class,
- do self.rundoc(v, name + "." + k). Whether this includes
- objects with private names depends on the constructor's
- "isprivate" argument. If module is specified, functions and
- classes that are not defined in module are excluded.
- Return aggregate (#failures, #examples).
+ def report_success(self, out, test, example, got):
+ """
+ Report that the given example ran successfully. (Only
+ displays a message if verbose=True)
+ """
+ if self._verbose:
+ out("ok\n")
- Build and populate two modules with sample functions to test that
- exclusion of external functions and classes works.
+ def report_failure(self, out, test, example, got):
+ """
+ Report that the given example failed.
+ """
+ # Print an error message.
+ out(self.__failure_header(test, example) +
+ self.output_difference(example.want, got))
- >>> import new
- >>> m1 = new.module('_m1')
- >>> m2 = new.module('_m2')
- >>> test_data = \"""
- ... def _f():
- ... '''>>> assert 1 == 1
- ... '''
- ... def g():
- ... '''>>> assert 2 != 1
- ... '''
- ... class H:
- ... '''>>> assert 2 > 1
- ... '''
- ... def bar(self):
- ... '''>>> assert 1 < 2
- ... '''
- ... \"""
- >>> exec test_data in m1.__dict__
- >>> exec test_data in m2.__dict__
- >>> m1.__dict__.update({"f2": m2._f, "g2": m2.g, "h2": m2.H})
+ def report_unexpected_exception(self, out, test, example, exc_info):
+ """
+ Report that the given example raised an unexpected exception.
+ """
+ # Get a traceback message.
+ excout = StringIO()
+ exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb = exc_info
+ traceback.print_exception(exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb, file=excout)
+ exception_tb = excout.getvalue()
+ # Print an error message.
+ out(self.__failure_header(test, example) +
+ _tag_msg("Exception raised", exception_tb))
+
+ def __failure_header(self, test, example):
+ s = (self.DIVIDER + "\n" +
+ _tag_msg("Failure in example", example.source))
+ if test.filename is None:
+ # [XX] I'm not putting +1 here, to give the same output
+ # as the old version. But I think it *should* go here.
+ return s + ("from line #%s of %s\n" %
+ (example.lineno, test.name))
+ elif test.lineno is None:
+ return s + ("from line #%s of %s in %s\n" %
+ (example.lineno+1, test.name, test.filename))
+ else:
+ lineno = test.lineno+example.lineno+1
+ return s + ("from line #%s of %s (%s)\n" %
+ (lineno, test.filename, test.name))
+
+ #/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+ # DocTest Running
+ #/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+ # A regular expression for handling `want` strings that contain
+ # expected exceptions. It divides `want` into two pieces: the
+ # pre-exception output (`out`) and the exception message (`exc`),
+ # as generated by traceback.format_exception_only(). (I assume
+ # that the exception_only message is the first non-indented line
+ # starting with word characters after the "Traceback ...".)
+ _EXCEPTION_RE = re.compile(('^(?P<out>.*)'
+ '^(?P<hdr>Traceback \((?:%s|%s)\):)\s*$.*?'
+ '^(?P<exc>\w+.*)') %
+ ('most recent call last', 'innermost last'),
+ re.MULTILINE | re.DOTALL)
+
+ _OPTION_DIRECTIVE_RE = re.compile('\s*doctest:\s*(?P<flags>[^#\n]*)')
+
+ def __handle_directive(self, example):
+ """
+ Check if the given example is actually a directive to doctest
+ (to turn an optionflag on or off); and if it is, then handle
+ the directive.
- Tests that objects outside m1 are excluded:
+ Return true iff the example is actually a directive (and so
+ should not be executed).
- >>> t = Tester(globs={}, verbose=0, isprivate=is_private)
- >>> t.rundict(m1.__dict__, "rundict_test", m1) # _f, f2 and g2 and h2 skipped
- (0, 3)
+ """
+ m = self._OPTION_DIRECTIVE_RE.match(example.source)
+ if m is None:
+ return False
+
+ for flag in m.group('flags').upper().split():
+ if (flag[:1] not in '+-' or
+ flag[1:] not in OPTIONFLAGS_BY_NAME):
+ raise ValueError('Bad doctest option directive: '+flag)
+ if flag[0] == '+':
+ self.optionflags |= OPTIONFLAGS_BY_NAME[flag[1:]]
+ else:
+ self.optionflags &= ~OPTIONFLAGS_BY_NAME[flag[1:]]
+ return True
- Again, but with the default isprivate function allowing _f:
+ def __run(self, test, compileflags, out):
+ """
+ Run the examples in `test`. Write the outcome of each example
+ with one of the `DocTestRunner.report_*` methods, using the
+ writer function `out`. `compileflags` is the set of compiler
+ flags that should be used to execute examples. Return a tuple
+ `(f, t)`, where `t` is the number of examples tried, and `f`
+ is the number of examples that failed. The examples are run
+ in the namespace `test.globs`.
+ """
+ # Keep track of the number of failures and tries.
+ failures = tries = 0
- >>> t = Tester(globs={}, verbose=0)
- >>> t.rundict(m1.__dict__, "rundict_test_pvt", m1) # Only f2, g2 and h2 skipped
- (0, 4)
+ # Save the option flags (since option directives can be used
+ # to modify them).
+ original_optionflags = self.optionflags
- And once more, not excluding stuff outside m1:
+ # Process each example.
+ for example in test.examples:
+ # Check if it's an option directive. If it is, then handle
+ # it, and go on to the next example.
+ if self.__handle_directive(example):
+ continue
- >>> t = Tester(globs={}, verbose=0)
- >>> t.rundict(m1.__dict__, "rundict_test_pvt") # None are skipped.
- (0, 8)
+ # Record that we started this example.
+ tries += 1
+ self.report_start(out, test, example)
- The exclusion of objects from outside the designated module is
- meant to be invoked automagically by testmod.
+ # Run the example in the given context (globs), and record
+ # any exception that gets raised. (But don't intercept
+ # keyboard interrupts.)
+ try:
+ # If the example is a compound statement on one line,
+ # like "if 1: print 2", then compile() requires a
+ # trailing newline. Rather than analyze that, always
+ # append one (it never hurts).
+ exec compile(example.source + '\n', "<string>", "single",
+ compileflags, 1) in test.globs
+ exception = None
+ except KeyboardInterrupt:
+ raise
+ except:
+ exception = sys.exc_info()
+
+ # Extract the example's actual output from fakeout, and
+ # write it to `got`. Add a terminating newline if it
+ # doesn't have already one.
+ got = self._fakeout.getvalue()
+ self._fakeout.truncate(0)
+
+ # If the example executed without raising any exceptions,
+ # then verify its output and report its outcome.
+ if exception is None:
+ if self.check_output(example.want, got):
+ self.report_success(out, test, example, got)
+ else:
+ self.report_failure(out, test, example, got)
+ failures += 1
- >>> testmod(m1, isprivate=is_private)
- (0, 3)
+ # If the example raised an exception, then check if it was
+ # expected.
+ else:
+ exc_info = sys.exc_info()
+ exc_msg = traceback.format_exception_only(*exc_info[:2])[-1]
+
+ # Search the `want` string for an exception. If we don't
+ # find one, then report an unexpected exception.
+ m = self._EXCEPTION_RE.match(example.want)
+ if m is None:
+ self.report_unexpected_exception(out, test, example,
+ exc_info)
+ failures += 1
+ else:
+ exc_hdr = m.group('hdr')+'\n' # Exception header
+ # The test passes iff the pre-exception output and
+ # the exception description match the values given
+ # in `want`.
+ if (self.check_output(m.group('out'), got) and
+ self.check_output(m.group('exc'), exc_msg)):
+ # Is +exc_msg the right thing here??
+ self.report_success(out, test, example,
+ got+exc_hdr+exc_msg)
+ else:
+ self.report_failure(out, test, example,
+ got+exc_hdr+exc_msg)
+ failures += 1
+
+ # Restore the option flags (in case they were modified)
+ self.optionflags = original_optionflags
+
+ # Record and return the number of failures and tries.
+ self.__record_outcome(test, failures, tries)
+ return failures, tries
+ def __record_outcome(self, test, f, t):
"""
+ Record the fact that the given DocTest (`test`) generated `f`
+ failures out of `t` tried examples.
+ """
+ f2, t2 = self._name2ft.get(test.name, (0,0))
+ self._name2ft[test.name] = (f+f2, t+t2)
+ self.failures += f
+ self.tries += t
- if not hasattr(d, "items"):
- raise TypeError("Tester.rundict: d must support .items(); %r" % (d,))
- f = t = 0
- # Run the tests by alpha order of names, for consistency in
- # verbose-mode output.
- names = d.keys()
- names.sort()
- for thisname in names:
- value = d[thisname]
- if _isfunction(value) or _isclass(value):
- if module and not _from_module(module, value):
- continue
- f2, t2 = self.__runone(value, name + "." + thisname)
- f = f + f2
- t = t + t2
- return f, t
-
- def run__test__(self, d, name):
- """d, name -> Treat dict d like module.__test__.
-
- Return (#failures, #tries).
- See testmod.__doc__ for details.
+ def run(self, test, compileflags=None, out=None, clear_globs=True):
+ """
+ Run the examples in `test`, and display the results using the
+ writer function `out`.
+
+ The examples are run in the namespace `test.globs`. If
+ `clear_globs` is true (the default), then this namespace will
+ be cleared after the test runs, to help with garbage
+ collection. If you would like to examine the namespace after
+ the test completes, then use `clear_globs=False`.
+
+ `compileflags` gives the set of flags that should be used by
+ the Python compiler when running the examples. If not
+ specified, then it will default to the set of future-import
+ flags that apply to `globs`.
+
+ The output of each example is checked using
+ `DocTestRunner.check_output`, and the results are formatted by
+ the `DocTestRunner.report_*` methods.
"""
+ if compileflags is None:
+ compileflags = _extract_future_flags(test.globs)
+ if out is None:
+ out = sys.stdout.write
+ saveout = sys.stdout
- failures = tries = 0
- prefix = name + "."
- savepvt = self.isprivate
try:
- self.isprivate = lambda *args: 0
- # Run the tests by alpha order of names, for consistency in
- # verbose-mode output.
- keys = d.keys()
- keys.sort()
- for k in keys:
- v = d[k]
- thisname = prefix + k
- if type(v) in _StringTypes:
- f, t = self.runstring(v, thisname)
- elif _isfunction(v) or _isclass(v) or _ismethod(v):
- f, t = self.rundoc(v, thisname)
- else:
- raise TypeError("Tester.run__test__: values in "
- "dict must be strings, functions, methods, "
- "or classes; %r" % (v,))
- failures = failures + f
- tries = tries + t
+ sys.stdout = self._fakeout
+ return self.__run(test, compileflags, out)
finally:
- self.isprivate = savepvt
- return failures, tries
-
+ sys.stdout = saveout
+ # While Python gc can clean up most cycles on its own, it doesn't
+ # chase frame objects. This is especially irksome when running
+ # generator tests that raise exceptions, because a named generator-
+ # iterator gets an entry in globs, and the generator-iterator
+ # object's frame's traceback info points back to globs. This is
+ # easy to break just by clearing the namespace. This can also
+ # help to break other kinds of cycles, and even for cycles that
+ # gc can break itself it's better to break them ASAP.
+ if clear_globs:
+ test.globs.clear()
+
+ #/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+ # Summarization
+ #/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
def summarize(self, verbose=None):
"""
- verbose=None -> summarize results, return (#failures, #tests).
-
- Print summary of test results to stdout.
- Optional arg 'verbose' controls how wordy this is. By
- default, use the verbose setting established by the
- constructor.
+ Print a summary of all the test cases that have been run by
+ this DocTestRunner, and return a tuple `(f, t)`, where `f` is
+ the total number of failed examples, and `t` is the total
+ number of tried examples.
+
+ The optional `verbose` argument controls how detailed the
+ summary is. If the verbosity is not specified, then the
+ DocTestRunner's verbosity is used.
"""
-
if verbose is None:
- verbose = self.verbose
+ verbose = self._verbose
notests = []
passed = []
failed = []
totalt = totalf = 0
- for x in self.name2ft.items():
+ for x in self._name2ft.items():
name, (f, t) = x
assert f <= t
- totalt = totalt + t
- totalf = totalf + f
+ totalt += t
+ totalf += f
if t == 0:
notests.append(name)
elif f == 0:
for thing, count in passed:
print " %3d tests in %s" % (count, thing)
if failed:
- print "*" * 65
+ print self.DIVIDER
print len(failed), "items had failures:"
failed.sort()
for thing, (f, t) in failed:
print " %3d of %3d in %s" % (f, t, thing)
if verbose:
- print totalt, "tests in", len(self.name2ft), "items."
+ print totalt, "tests in", len(self._name2ft), "items."
print totalt - totalf, "passed and", totalf, "failed."
if totalf:
print "***Test Failed***", totalf, "failures."
print "Test passed."
return totalf, totalt
- def merge(self, other):
- """
- other -> merge in test results from the other Tester instance.
-
- If self and other both have a test result for something
- with the same name, the (#failures, #tests) results are
- summed, and a warning is printed to stdout.
-
- >>> from doctest import Tester
- >>> t1 = Tester(globs={}, verbose=0)
- >>> t1.runstring('''
- ... >>> x = 12
- ... >>> print x
- ... 12
- ... ''', "t1example")
- (0, 2)
- >>>
- >>> t2 = Tester(globs={}, verbose=0)
- >>> t2.runstring('''
- ... >>> x = 13
- ... >>> print x
- ... 13
- ... ''', "t2example")
- (0, 2)
- >>> common = ">>> assert 1 + 2 == 3\\n"
- >>> t1.runstring(common, "common")
- (0, 1)
- >>> t2.runstring(common, "common")
- (0, 1)
- >>> t1.merge(t2)
- *** Tester.merge: 'common' in both testers; summing outcomes.
- >>> t1.summarize(1)
- 3 items passed all tests:
- 2 tests in common
- 2 tests in t1example
- 2 tests in t2example
- 6 tests in 3 items.
- 6 passed and 0 failed.
- Test passed.
- (0, 6)
- >>>
- """
-
- d = self.name2ft
- for name, (f, t) in other.name2ft.items():
- if name in d:
- print "*** Tester.merge: '" + name + "' in both" \
- " testers; summing outcomes."
- f2, t2 = d[name]
- f = f + f2
- t = t + t2
- d[name] = f, t
-
- def __record_outcome(self, name, f, t):
- if name in self.name2ft:
- print "*** Warning: '" + name + "' was tested before;", \
- "summing outcomes."
- f2, t2 = self.name2ft[name]
- f = f + f2
- t = t + t2
- self.name2ft[name] = f, t
-
- def __runone(self, target, name):
- if "." in name:
- i = name.rindex(".")
- prefix, base = name[:i], name[i+1:]
- else:
- prefix, base = "", base
- if self.isprivate(prefix, base):
- return 0, 0
- return self.rundoc(target, name)
-
-master = None
+######################################################################
+## 5. Test Functions
+######################################################################
+# These should be backwards compatible.
def testmod(m=None, name=None, globs=None, verbose=None, isprivate=None,
- report=True, optionflags=0):
+ report=True, optionflags=0, extraglobs=None):
"""m=None, name=None, globs=None, verbose=None, isprivate=None,
- report=True, optionflags=0
+ report=True, optionflags=0, extraglobs=None
Test examples in docstrings in functions and classes reachable
from module m (or the current module if m is not supplied), starting
dict is actually used for each docstring, so that each docstring's
examples start with a clean slate.
+ Optional keyword arg "extraglobs" gives a dictionary that should be
+ merged into the globals that are used to execute examples. By
+ default, no extra globals are used. This is new in 2.4.
+
Optional keyword arg "verbose" prints lots of stuff if true, prints
only failures if false; by default, it's true iff "-v" is in sys.argv.
DONT_ACCEPT_TRUE_FOR_1 is specified, neither substitution
is allowed.
+ DONT_ACCEPT_BLANKLINE
+ By default, if an expected output block contains a line
+ containing only the string "<BLANKLINE>", then that line
+ will match a blank line in the actual output. When
+ DONT_ACCEPT_BLANKLINE is specified, this substitution is
+ not allowed.
+
+ NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE
+ When NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE is specified, all sequences of
+ whitespace are treated as equal. I.e., any sequence of
+ whitespace within the expected output will match any
+ sequence of whitespace within the actual output.
+
+ ELLIPSIS
+ When ELLIPSIS is specified, then an ellipsis marker
+ ("...") in the expected output can match any substring in
+ the actual output.
+
+ UNIFIED_DIFF
+ When UNIFIED_DIFF is specified, failures that involve
+ multi-line expected and actual outputs will be displayed
+ using a unified diff.
+
+ CONTEXT_DIFF
+ When CONTEXT_DIFF is specified, failures that involve
+ multi-line expected and actual outputs will be displayed
+ using a context diff.
+ """
+
+ """ [XX] This is no longer true:
Advanced tomfoolery: testmod runs methods of a local instance of
class doctest.Tester, then merges the results into (or creates)
global Tester instance doctest.master. Methods of doctest.master
displaying a summary. Invoke doctest.master.summarize(verbose)
when you're done fiddling.
"""
-
- global master
-
+ # If no module was given, then use __main__.
if m is None:
- import sys
# DWA - m will still be None if this wasn't invoked from the command
# line, in which case the following TypeError is about as good an error
# as we should expect
m = sys.modules.get('__main__')
- if not _ismodule(m):
+ # Check that we were actually given a module.
+ if not inspect.ismodule(m):
raise TypeError("testmod: module required; %r" % (m,))
+
+ # If no name was given, then use the module's name.
if name is None:
name = m.__name__
- tester = Tester(m, globs=globs, verbose=verbose, isprivate=isprivate,
- optionflags=optionflags)
- failures, tries = tester.rundoc(m, name)
- f, t = tester.rundict(m.__dict__, name, m)
- failures += f
- tries += t
- if hasattr(m, "__test__"):
- testdict = m.__test__
- if testdict:
- if not hasattr(testdict, "items"):
- raise TypeError("testmod: module.__test__ must support "
- ".items(); %r" % (testdict,))
- f, t = tester.run__test__(testdict, name + ".__test__")
- failures += f
- tries += t
+
+ # Find, parse, and run all tests in the given module.
+ finder = DocTestFinder(namefilter=isprivate)
+ runner = DocTestRunner(verbose=verbose, optionflags=optionflags)
+ for test in finder.find(m, name, globs=globs, extraglobs=extraglobs):
+ runner.run(test)
+
if report:
- tester.summarize()
- if master is None:
- master = tester
- else:
- master.merge(tester)
- return failures, tries
+ runner.summarize()
-###########################################################################
-# Various doctest extensions, to make using doctest with unittest
-# easier, and to help debugging when a doctest goes wrong. Original
-# code by Jim Fulton.
+ return runner.failures, runner.tries
-# Utilities.
+def run_docstring_examples(f, globs, verbose=False, name="NoName",
+ compileflags=None, optionflags=0):
+ """
+ Test examples in the given object's docstring (`f`), using `globs`
+ as globals. Optional argument `name` is used in failure messages.
+ If the optional argument `verbose` is true, then generate output
+ even if there are no failures.
+
+ `compileflags` gives the set of flags that should be used by the
+ Python compiler when running the examples. If not specified, then
+ it will default to the set of future-import flags that apply to
+ `globs`.
+
+ Optional keyword arg `optionflags` specifies options for the
+ testing and output. See the documentation for `testmod` for more
+ information.
+ """
+ # Find, parse, and run all tests in the given module.
+ finder = DocTestFinder(verbose=verbose, recurse=False)
+ runner = DocTestRunner(verbose=verbose, optionflags=optionflags)
+ for test in finder.find(f, name, globs=globs):
+ runner.run(test, compileflags=compileflags)
+
+######################################################################
+## 6. Tester
+######################################################################
+# This is provided only for backwards compatibility. It's not
+# actually used in any way.
-# If module is None, return the calling module (the module that called
-# the routine that called _normalize_module -- this normally won't be
-# doctest!). If module is a string, it should be the (possibly dotted)
-# name of a module, and the (rightmost) module object is returned. Else
-# module is returned untouched; the intent appears to be that module is
-# already a module object in this case (although this isn't checked).
+class Tester:
+ def __init__(self, mod=None, globs=None, verbose=None,
+ isprivate=None, optionflags=0):
+ if mod is None and globs is None:
+ raise TypeError("Tester.__init__: must specify mod or globs")
+ if mod is not None and not _ismodule(mod):
+ raise TypeError("Tester.__init__: mod must be a module; %r" %
+ (mod,))
+ if globs is None:
+ globs = mod.__dict__
+ self.globs = globs
-def _normalize_module(module):
- import sys
+ self.verbose = verbose
+ self.isprivate = isprivate
+ self.optionflags = optionflags
+ self.testfinder = DocTestFinder(namefilter=isprivate)
+ self.testrunner = DocTestRunner(verbose=verbose,
+ optionflags=optionflags)
- if module is None:
- # Get our caller's caller's module.
- module = sys._getframe(2).f_globals['__name__']
- module = sys.modules[module]
-
- elif isinstance(module, basestring):
- # The ["*"] at the end is a mostly meaningless incantation with
- # a crucial property: if, e.g., module is 'a.b.c', it convinces
- # __import__ to return c instead of a.
- module = __import__(module, globals(), locals(), ["*"])
-
- return module
-
-# tests is a list of (testname, docstring, filename, lineno) tuples.
-# If object has a __doc__ attr, and the __doc__ attr looks like it
-# contains a doctest (specifically, if it contains an instance of '>>>'),
-# then tuple
-# prefix + name, object.__doc__, filename, lineno
-# is appended to tests. Else tests is left alone.
-# There is no return value.
-
-def _get_doctest(name, object, tests, prefix, filename='', lineno=''):
- doc = getattr(object, '__doc__', '')
- if isinstance(doc, basestring) and '>>>' in doc:
- tests.append((prefix + name, doc, filename, lineno))
-
-# tests is a list of (testname, docstring, filename, lineno) tuples.
-# docstrings containing doctests are appended to tests (if any are found).
-# items is a dict, like a module or class dict, mapping strings to objects.
-# mdict is the global dict of a "home" module -- only objects belonging
-# to this module are searched for docstrings. module is the module to
-# which mdict belongs.
-# prefix is a string to be prepended to an object's name when adding a
-# tuple to tests.
-# The objects (values) in items are examined (recursively), and doctests
-# belonging to functions and classes in the home module are appended to
-# tests.
-# minlineno is a gimmick to try to guess the file-relative line number
-# at which a doctest probably begins.
-
-def _extract_doctests(items, module, mdict, tests, prefix, minlineno=0):
-
- for name, object in items:
- # Only interested in named objects.
- if not hasattr(object, '__name__'):
- continue
-
- elif hasattr(object, 'func_globals'):
- # Looks like a function.
- if object.func_globals is not mdict:
- # Non-local function.
- continue
- code = getattr(object, 'func_code', None)
- filename = getattr(code, 'co_filename', '')
- lineno = getattr(code, 'co_firstlineno', -1) + 1
- if minlineno:
- minlineno = min(lineno, minlineno)
- else:
- minlineno = lineno
- _get_doctest(name, object, tests, prefix, filename, lineno)
+ def runstring(self, s, name):
+ test = DocTest(s, self.globs, name, None, None)
+ if self.verbose:
+ print "Running string", name
+ (f,t) = self.testrunner.run(test)
+ if self.verbose:
+ print f, "of", t, "examples failed in string", name
+ return (f,t)
- elif hasattr(object, "__module__"):
- # Maybe a class-like thing, in which case we care.
- if object.__module__ != module.__name__:
- # Not the same module.
- continue
- if not (hasattr(object, '__dict__')
- and hasattr(object, '__bases__')):
- # Not a class.
- continue
+ def rundoc(self, object, name=None, module=None, ignore_imports=True):
+ f = t = 0
+ tests = self.testfinder.find(object, name, module=module,
+ globs=self.globs,
+ ignore_imports=ignore_imports)
+ for test in tests:
+ (f2, t2) = self.testrunner.run(test)
+ (f,t) = (f+f2, t+t2)
+ return (f,t)
+
+ def rundict(self, d, name, module=None):
+ import new
+ m = new.module(name)
+ m.__dict__.update(d)
+ ignore_imports = (module is not None)
+ return self.rundoc(m, name, module, ignore_imports)
- lineno = _extract_doctests(object.__dict__.items(),
- module,
- mdict,
- tests,
- prefix + name + ".")
- # XXX "-3" is unclear.
- _get_doctest(name, object, tests, prefix,
- lineno="%s (or above)" % (lineno - 3))
-
- return minlineno
-
-# Find all the doctests belonging to the module object.
-# Return a list of
-# (testname, docstring, filename, lineno)
-# tuples.
-
-def _find_tests(module, prefix=None):
- if prefix is None:
- prefix = module.__name__
- mdict = module.__dict__
- tests = []
- # Get the module-level doctest (if any).
- _get_doctest(prefix, module, tests, '', lineno="1 (or above)")
- # Recursively search the module __dict__ for doctests.
- if prefix:
- prefix += "."
- _extract_doctests(mdict.items(), module, mdict, tests, prefix)
- return tests
-
-###############################################################################
-# unitest support
+ def run__test__(self, d, name):
+ import new
+ m = new.module(name)
+ m.__test__ = d
+ return self.rundoc(m, name, module)
-from StringIO import StringIO
-import os
-import sys
-import tempfile
-import unittest
+ def summarize(self, verbose=None):
+ return self.testrunner.summarize(verbose)
+
+ def merge(self, other):
+ d = self.testrunner._name2ft
+ for name, (f, t) in other.testrunner._name2ft.items():
+ if name in d:
+ print "*** Tester.merge: '" + name + "' in both" \
+ " testers; summing outcomes."
+ f2, t2 = d[name]
+ f = f + f2
+ t = t + t2
+ d[name] = f, t
+
+######################################################################
+## 7. Unittest Support
+######################################################################
class DocTestTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
"""A test case that wraps a test function.
always be called if the set-up ('setUp') function ran successfully.
"""
- def __init__(self, tester, name, doc, filename, lineno,
+ def __init__(self, test_runner, test,
setUp=None, tearDown=None):
unittest.TestCase.__init__(self)
- (self.__tester, self.__name, self.__doc,
- self.__filename, self.__lineno,
- self.__setUp, self.__tearDown
- ) = tester, name, doc, filename, lineno, setUp, tearDown
+ self.__test_runner = test_runner
+ self.__test = test
+ self.__setUp = setUp
+ self.__tearDown = tearDown
def setUp(self):
if self.__setUp is not None:
self.__tearDown()
def runTest(self):
+ test = self.__test
old = sys.stdout
new = StringIO()
try:
- sys.stdout = new
- failures, tries = self.__tester.runstring(self.__doc, self.__name)
+ self.__test_runner.DIVIDER = "-"*70
+ failures, tries = self.__test_runner.run(test, out=new.write)
finally:
sys.stdout = old
if failures:
- lname = '.'.join(self.__name.split('.')[-1:])
- lineno = self.__lineno or "0 (don't know line no)"
+ lname = '.'.join(test.name.split('.')[-1:])
+ if test.lineno is None:
+ lineno = 'unknown line number'
+ else:
+ lineno = 'line %s' % test.lineno
+ err = new.getvalue()
+
raise self.failureException(
'Failed doctest test for %s\n'
- ' File "%s", line %s, in %s\n\n%s'
- % (self.__name, self.__filename, lineno, lname, new.getvalue())
- )
+ ' File "%s", %s, in %s\n\n%s'
+ % (test.name, test.filename, lineno, lname, err))
def id(self):
- return self.__name
+ return self.__test.name
def __repr__(self):
- name = self.__name.split('.')
+ name = self.__test.name.split('.')
return "%s (%s)" % (name[-1], '.'.join(name[:-1]))
__str__ = __repr__
def shortDescription(self):
- return "Doctest: " + self.__name
+ return "Doctest: " + self.__test.name
-def DocTestSuite(module=None,
- setUp=lambda: None,
- tearDown=lambda: None,
- ):
- """Convert doctest tests for a mudule to a unittest test suite
+def DocTestSuite(module=None, filename=None, globs=None, extraglobs=None,
+ optionflags=0,
+ test_finder=None, test_runner=None,
+ setUp=lambda: None, tearDown=lambda: None):
+ """
+ Convert doctest tests for a mudule to a unittest test suite
This tests convers each documentation string in a module that
contains doctest tests to a unittest test case. If any of the
can be either a module or a module name.
If no argument is given, the calling module is used.
-
"""
- module = _normalizeModule(module)
- tests = _findTests(module)
+ if module is not None and filename is not None:
+ raise ValueError('Specify module or filename, not both.')
- if not tests:
- raise ValueError(module, "has no tests")
+ if test_finder is None:
+ test_finder = DocTestFinder()
+ if test_runner is None:
+ test_runner = DocTestRunner(optionflags=optionflags)
+
+ if filename is not None:
+ name = os.path.basename(filename)
+ test = Test(open(filename).read(),name,filename,0)
+ if globs is None:
+ globs = {}
+ else:
+ module = _normalize_module(module)
+ tests = test_finder.find(module, globs=globs, extraglobs=extraglobs)
+ if globs is None:
+ globs = module.__dict__
+ if not tests: # [XX] why do we want to do this?
+ raise ValueError(module, "has no tests")
tests.sort()
suite = unittest.TestSuite()
- tester = Tester(module)
- for name, doc, filename, lineno in tests:
- if not filename:
+ for test in tests:
+ if len(test.examples) == 0: continue
+ if not test.filename:
filename = module.__file__
if filename.endswith(".pyc"):
filename = filename[:-1]
elif filename.endswith(".pyo"):
filename = filename[:-1]
-
- suite.addTest(DocTestTestCase(
- tester, name, doc, filename, lineno,
- setUp, tearDown))
+ test.filename = filename
+ suite.addTest(DocTestTestCase(test_runner, test,
+ setUp, tearDown))
return suite
-def _normalizeModule(module):
- # Normalize a module
- if module is None:
- # Test the calling module
- module = sys._getframe(2).f_globals['__name__']
- module = sys.modules[module]
+######################################################################
+## 8. Debugging Support
+######################################################################
- elif isinstance(module, (str, unicode)):
- module = __import__(module, globals(), locals(), ["*"])
-
- return module
-
-def _doc(name, object, tests, prefix, filename='', lineno=''):
- doc = getattr(object, '__doc__', '')
- if doc and doc.find('>>>') >= 0:
- tests.append((prefix+name, doc, filename, lineno))
-
-
-def _findTests(module, prefix=None):
- if prefix is None:
- prefix = module.__name__
- dict = module.__dict__
- tests = []
- _doc(prefix, module, tests, '',
- lineno="1 (or below)")
- prefix = prefix and (prefix + ".")
- _find(dict.items(), module, dict, tests, prefix)
- return tests
-
-def _find(items, module, dict, tests, prefix, minlineno=0):
- for name, object in items:
-
- # Only interested in named objects
- if not hasattr(object, '__name__'):
- continue
-
- if hasattr(object, 'func_globals'):
- # Looks like a func
- if object.func_globals is not dict:
- # Non-local func
- continue
- code = getattr(object, 'func_code', None)
- filename = getattr(code, 'co_filename', '')
- lineno = getattr(code, 'co_firstlineno', -1) + 1
- if minlineno:
- minlineno = min(lineno, minlineno)
- else:
- minlineno = lineno
- _doc(name, object, tests, prefix, filename, lineno)
-
- elif hasattr(object, "__module__"):
- # Maybe a class-like things. In which case, we care
- if object.__module__ != module.__name__:
- continue # not the same module
- if not (hasattr(object, '__dict__')
- and hasattr(object, '__bases__')):
- continue # not a class
-
- lineno = _find(object.__dict__.items(), module, dict, tests,
- prefix+name+".")
-
- _doc(name, object, tests, prefix,
- lineno="%s (or above)" % (lineno-3))
-
- return minlineno
-
-# end unitest support
-###############################################################################
-
-###############################################################################
-# debugger
-
-def _expect(expect):
+def _want_comment(example):
+ """
+ Return a comment containing the expected output for the given
+ example.
+ """
# Return the expected output, if any
- if expect:
- expect = "\n# ".join(expect.split("\n"))
- expect = "\n# Expect:\n# %s" % expect
- return expect
+ want = example.want
+ if want:
+ if want[-1] == '\n': want = want[:-1]
+ want = "\n# ".join(want.split("\n"))
+ want = "\n# Expected:\n# %s" % want
+ return want
def testsource(module, name):
"""Extract the test sources from a doctest test docstring as a script
with the doc string with tests to be debugged.
"""
- module = _normalizeModule(module)
- tests = _findTests(module, "")
- test = [doc for (tname, doc, f, l) in tests if tname == name]
+ module = _normalize_module(module)
+ tests = DocTestFinder().find(module)
+ test = [t for t in tests if t.name == name]
if not test:
raise ValueError(name, "not found in tests")
test = test[0]
- # XXX we rely on an internal doctest function:
- examples = _extract_examples(test)
testsrc = '\n'.join([
- "%s%s" % (source, _expect(expect))
- for (source, expect, lineno) in examples
+ "%s%s" % (example.source, _want_comment(example))
+ for example in test.examples
])
return testsrc
The string is provided directly
"""
- # XXX we rely on an internal doctest function:
- examples = _extract_examples(src)
- src = '\n'.join([
- "%s%s" % (source, _expect(expect))
- for (source, expect, lineno) in examples
+ test = DocTest(src, globs or {}, 'debug', None, None)
+
+ testsrc = '\n'.join([
+ "%s%s" % (example.source, _want_comment(example))
+ for example in test.examples
])
- debug_script(src, pm, globs)
+ debug_script(testsrc, pm, globs)
def debug_script(src, pm=False, globs=None):
"Debug a test script"
import pdb
srcfilename = tempfile.mktemp("doctestdebug.py")
- open(srcfilename, 'w').write(src)
+ f = open(srcfilename, 'w')
+ f.write(src)
+ f.close()
+
if globs:
globs = globs.copy()
else:
globs = {}
- try:
- if pm:
- try:
- execfile(srcfilename, globs, globs)
- except:
- print sys.exc_info()[1]
- pdb.post_mortem(sys.exc_info()[2])
- else:
- # Note that %r is vital here. '%s' instead can, e.g., cause
- # backslashes to get treated as metacharacters on Windows.
- pdb.run("execfile(%r)" % srcfilename, globs, globs)
- finally:
- os.remove(srcfilename)
+ if pm:
+ try:
+ execfile(srcfilename, globs, globs)
+ except:
+ print sys.exc_info()[1]
+ pdb.post_mortem(sys.exc_info()[2])
+ else:
+ # Note that %r is vital here. '%s' instead can, e.g., cause
+ # backslashes to get treated as metacharacters on Windows.
+ pdb.run("execfile(%r)" % srcfilename, globs, globs)
def debug(module, name, pm=False):
"""Debug a single doctest test doc string
with the doc string with tests to be debugged.
"""
- module = _normalizeModule(module)
+ module = _normalize_module(module)
testsrc = testsource(module, name)
debug_script(testsrc, pm, module.__dict__)
-# end debugger
-###############################################################################
-
-
+######################################################################
+## 9. Example Usage
+######################################################################
class _TestClass:
"""
A pointless class, for sanity-checking of docstring testing.
>>> 4 > 4
False
""",
- }
+ "blank lines": r"""
+ Blank lines can be marked with <BLANKLINE>:
+ >>> print 'foo\n\nbar\n'
+ foo
+ <BLANKLINE>
+ bar
+ <BLANKLINE>
+ """,
+ }
+# "ellipsis": r"""
+# If the ellipsis flag is used, then '...' can be used to
+# elide substrings in the desired output:
+# >>> print range(1000)
+# [0, 1, 2, ..., 999]
+# """,
+# "whitespace normalization": r"""
+# If the whitespace normalization flag is used, then
+# differences in whitespace are ignored.
+# >>> print range(30)
+# [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14,
+# 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26,
+# 27, 28, 29]
+# """,
+# }
+
+def test1(): r"""
+>>> from doctest import Tester
+>>> t = Tester(globs={'x': 42}, verbose=0)
+>>> t.runstring(r'''
+... >>> x = x * 2
+... >>> print x
+... 42
+... ''', 'XYZ')
+**********************************************************************
+Failure in example: print x
+from line #2 of XYZ
+Expected: 42
+Got: 84
+(1, 2)
+>>> t.runstring(">>> x = x * 2\n>>> print x\n84\n", 'example2')
+(0, 2)
+>>> t.summarize()
+**********************************************************************
+1 items had failures:
+ 1 of 2 in XYZ
+***Test Failed*** 1 failures.
+(1, 4)
+>>> t.summarize(verbose=1)
+1 items passed all tests:
+ 2 tests in example2
+**********************************************************************
+1 items had failures:
+ 1 of 2 in XYZ
+4 tests in 2 items.
+3 passed and 1 failed.
+***Test Failed*** 1 failures.
+(1, 4)
+"""
+
+def test2(): r"""
+ >>> t = Tester(globs={}, verbose=1)
+ >>> test = r'''
+ ... # just an example
+ ... >>> x = 1 + 2
+ ... >>> x
+ ... 3
+ ... '''
+ >>> t.runstring(test, "Example")
+ Running string Example
+ Trying: x = 1 + 2
+ Expecting: nothing
+ ok
+ Trying: x
+ Expecting: 3
+ ok
+ 0 of 2 examples failed in string Example
+ (0, 2)
+"""
+def test3(): r"""
+ >>> t = Tester(globs={}, verbose=0)
+ >>> def _f():
+ ... '''Trivial docstring example.
+ ... >>> assert 2 == 2
+ ... '''
+ ... return 32
+ ...
+ >>> t.rundoc(_f) # expect 0 failures in 1 example
+ (0, 1)
+"""
+def test4(): """
+ >>> import new
+ >>> m1 = new.module('_m1')
+ >>> m2 = new.module('_m2')
+ >>> test_data = \"""
+ ... def _f():
+ ... '''>>> assert 1 == 1
+ ... '''
+ ... def g():
+ ... '''>>> assert 2 != 1
+ ... '''
+ ... class H:
+ ... '''>>> assert 2 > 1
+ ... '''
+ ... def bar(self):
+ ... '''>>> assert 1 < 2
+ ... '''
+ ... \"""
+ >>> exec test_data in m1.__dict__
+ >>> exec test_data in m2.__dict__
+ >>> m1.__dict__.update({"f2": m2._f, "g2": m2.g, "h2": m2.H})
+
+ Tests that objects outside m1 are excluded:
+
+ >>> t = Tester(globs={}, verbose=0, isprivate=is_private)
+ >>> t.rundict(m1.__dict__, "rundict_test", m1) # _f, f2 and g2 and h2 skipped
+ (0, 3)
+
+ Again, but with the default isprivate function allowing _f:
+
+ >>> t = Tester(globs={}, verbose=0)
+ >>> t.rundict(m1.__dict__, "rundict_test_pvt", m1) # Only f2, g2 and h2 skipped
+ (0, 4)
+
+ And once more, not excluding stuff outside m1:
+
+ >>> t = Tester(globs={}, verbose=0)
+ >>> t.rundict(m1.__dict__, "rundict_test_pvt") # None are skipped.
+ (0, 8)
+
+ The exclusion of objects from outside the designated module is
+ meant to be invoked automagically by testmod.
+
+ >>> testmod(m1, isprivate=is_private, verbose=False)
+ (0, 3)
+"""
def _test():
- import doctest
- return doctest.testmod(doctest)
+ #import doctest
+ #doctest.testmod(doctest, verbose=False,
+ # optionflags=ELLIPSIS | NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE |
+ # UNIFIED_DIFF)
+ #print '~'*70
+ r = unittest.TextTestRunner()
+ r.run(DocTestSuite())
if __name__ == "__main__":
_test()
-import doctest
+"""
+Test script for doctest.
+"""
+
from test import test_support
-test_support.run_doctest(doctest)
+import doctest
+
+######################################################################
+## Sample Objects (used by test cases)
+######################################################################
+
+def sample_func(v):
+ """
+ >>> print sample_func(22)
+ 44
+ """
+ return v+v
+
+class SampleClass:
+ """
+ >>> print 1
+ 1
+ """
+ def __init__(self, val):
+ """
+ >>> print SampleClass(12).get()
+ 12
+ """
+ self.val = val
+
+ def double(self):
+ """
+ >>> print SampleClass(12).double().get()
+ 24
+ """
+ return SampleClass(self.val + self.val)
+
+ def get(self):
+ """
+ >>> print SampleClass(-5).get()
+ -5
+ """
+ return self.val
+
+ def a_staticmethod(v):
+ """
+ >>> print SampleClass.a_staticmethod(10)
+ 11
+ """
+ return v+1
+ a_staticmethod = staticmethod(a_staticmethod)
+
+ def a_classmethod(cls, v):
+ """
+ >>> print SampleClass.a_classmethod(10)
+ 12
+ >>> print SampleClass(0).a_classmethod(10)
+ 12
+ """
+ return v+2
+ a_classmethod = classmethod(a_classmethod)
+
+ a_property = property(get, doc="""
+ >>> print SampleClass(22).a_property
+ 22
+ """)
+
+ class NestedClass:
+ """
+ >>> x = SampleClass.NestedClass(5)
+ >>> y = x.square()
+ >>> print y.get()
+ 25
+ """
+ def __init__(self, val=0):
+ """
+ >>> print SampleClass.NestedClass().get()
+ 0
+ """
+ self.val = val
+ def square(self):
+ return SampleClass.NestedClass(self.val*self.val)
+ def get(self):
+ return self.val
+
+class SampleNewStyleClass(object):
+ r"""
+ >>> print '1\n2\n3'
+ 1
+ 2
+ 3
+ """
+ def __init__(self, val):
+ """
+ >>> print SampleNewStyleClass(12).get()
+ 12
+ """
+ self.val = val
+
+ def double(self):
+ """
+ >>> print SampleNewStyleClass(12).double().get()
+ 24
+ """
+ return SampleNewStyleClass(self.val + self.val)
+
+ def get(self):
+ """
+ >>> print SampleNewStyleClass(-5).get()
+ -5
+ """
+ return self.val
+
+######################################################################
+## Test Cases
+######################################################################
+
+def test_Example(): r"""
+Unit tests for the `Example` class.
+
+Example is a simple container class that holds a source code string,
+an expected output string, and a line number (within the docstring):
+
+ >>> example = doctest.Example('print 1', '1\n', 0)
+ >>> (example.source, example.want, example.lineno)
+ ('print 1', '1\n', 0)
+
+The `source` string should end in a newline iff the source spans more
+than one line:
+
+ >>> # Source spans a single line: no terminating newline.
+ >>> e = doctest.Example('print 1', '1\n', 0)
+ >>> e = doctest.Example('print 1\n', '1\n', 0)
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ AssertionError
+
+ >>> # Source spans multiple lines: require terminating newline.
+ >>> e = doctest.Example('print 1;\nprint 2\n', '1\n2\n', 0)
+ >>> e = doctest.Example('print 1;\nprint 2', '1\n2\n', 0)
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ AssertionError
+
+The `want` string should be terminated by a newline, unless it's the
+empty string:
+
+ >>> e = doctest.Example('print 1', '1\n', 0)
+ >>> e = doctest.Example('print 1', '1', 0)
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ AssertionError
+ >>> e = doctest.Example('print', '', 0)
+"""
+
+def test_DocTest(): r"""
+Unit tests for the `DocTest` class.
+
+DocTest is a collection of examples, extracted from a docstring, along
+with information about where the docstring comes from (a name,
+filename, and line number). The docstring is parsed by the `DocTest`
+constructor:
+
+ >>> docstring = '''
+ ... >>> print 12
+ ... 12
+ ...
+ ... Non-example text.
+ ...
+ ... >>> print 'another\example'
+ ... another
+ ... example
+ ... '''
+ >>> globs = {} # globals to run the test in.
+ >>> test = doctest.DocTest(docstring, globs, 'some_test', 'some_file', 20)
+ >>> print test
+ <DocTest some_test from some_file:20 (2 examples)>
+ >>> len(test.examples)
+ 2
+ >>> e1, e2 = test.examples
+ >>> (e1.source, e1.want, e1.lineno)
+ ('print 12', '12\n', 1)
+ >>> (e2.source, e2.want, e2.lineno)
+ ("print 'another\\example'", 'another\nexample\n', 6)
+
+Source information (name, filename, and line number) is available as
+attributes on the doctest object:
+
+ >>> (test.name, test.filename, test.lineno)
+ ('some_test', 'some_file', 20)
+
+The line number of an example within its containing file is found by
+adding the line number of the example and the line number of its
+containing test:
+
+ >>> test.lineno + e1.lineno
+ 21
+ >>> test.lineno + e2.lineno
+ 26
+
+If the docstring contains inconsistant leading whitespace in the
+expected output of an example, then `DocTest` will raise a ValueError:
+
+ >>> docstring = r'''
+ ... >>> print 'bad\nindentation'
+ ... bad
+ ... indentation
+ ... '''
+ >>> doctest.DocTest(docstring, globs, 'some_test', 'filename', 0)
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ValueError: line 3 of the docstring for some_test has inconsistent leading whitespace: ' indentation'
+
+If the docstring contains inconsistent leading whitespace on
+continuation lines, then `DocTest` will raise a ValueError:
+
+ >>> docstring = r'''
+ ... >>> print ('bad indentation',
+ ... ... 2)
+ ... ('bad', 'indentation')
+ ... '''
+ >>> doctest.DocTest(docstring, globs, 'some_test', 'filename', 0)
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ValueError: line 2 of the docstring for some_test has inconsistent leading whitespace: ' ... 2)'
+
+If there's no blank space after a PS1 prompt ('>>>'), then `DocTest`
+will raise a ValueError:
+
+ >>> docstring = '>>>print 1\n1'
+ >>> doctest.DocTest(docstring, globs, 'some_test', 'filename', 0)
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ValueError: line 0 of the docstring for some_test lacks blank after >>>: '>>>print 1'
+"""
+
+# [XX] test that it's getting line numbers right.
+def test_DocTestFinder(): r"""
+Unit tests for the `DocTestFinder` class.
+
+DocTestFinder is used to extract DocTests from an object's docstring
+and the docstrings of its contained objects. It can be used with
+modules, functions, classes, methods, staticmethods, classmethods, and
+properties.
+
+Finding Tests in Functions
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+For a function whose docstring contains examples, DocTestFinder.find()
+will return a single test (for that function's docstring):
+
+ >>> # Allow ellipsis in the following examples (since the filename
+ >>> # and line number in the traceback can vary):
+ >>> doctest: +ELLIPSIS
+
+ >>> finder = doctest.DocTestFinder()
+ >>> tests = finder.find(sample_func)
+ >>> print tests
+ [<DocTest sample_func from ...:12 (1 example)>]
+ >>> e = tests[0].examples[0]
+ >>> print (e.source, e.want, e.lineno)
+ ('print sample_func(22)', '44\n', 1)
+
+ >>> doctest: -ELLIPSIS # Turn ellipsis back off
+
+If an object has no docstring, then a test is not created for it:
+
+ >>> def no_docstring(v):
+ ... pass
+ >>> finder.find(no_docstring)
+ []
+
+If the function has a docstring with no examples, then a test with no
+examples is returned. (This lets `DocTestRunner` collect statistics
+about which functions have no tests -- but is that useful? And should
+an empty test also be created when there's no docstring?)
+
+ >>> def no_examples(v):
+ ... ''' no doctest examples '''
+ >>> finder.find(no_examples)
+ [<DocTest no_examples from None:1 (no examples)>]
+
+Finding Tests in Classes
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+For a class, DocTestFinder will create a test for the class's
+docstring, and will recursively explore its contents, including
+methods, classmethods, staticmethods, properties, and nested classes.
+
+ >>> finder = doctest.DocTestFinder()
+ >>> tests = finder.find(SampleClass)
+ >>> tests.sort()
+ >>> for t in tests:
+ ... print '%2s %s' % (len(t.examples), t.name)
+ 1 SampleClass
+ 3 SampleClass.NestedClass
+ 1 SampleClass.NestedClass.__init__
+ 1 SampleClass.__init__
+ 2 SampleClass.a_classmethod
+ 1 SampleClass.a_property
+ 1 SampleClass.a_staticmethod
+ 1 SampleClass.double
+ 1 SampleClass.get
+
+New-style classes are also supported:
+
+ >>> tests = finder.find(SampleNewStyleClass)
+ >>> tests.sort()
+ >>> for t in tests:
+ ... print '%2s %s' % (len(t.examples), t.name)
+ 1 SampleNewStyleClass
+ 1 SampleNewStyleClass.__init__
+ 1 SampleNewStyleClass.double
+ 1 SampleNewStyleClass.get
+
+Finding Tests in Modules
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+For a module, DocTestFinder will create a test for the class's
+docstring, and will recursively explore its contents, including
+functions, classes, and the `__test__` dictionary, if it exists:
+
+ >>> # A module
+ >>> import new
+ >>> m = new.module('some_module')
+ >>> def triple(val):
+ ... '''
+ ... >>> print tripple(11)
+ ... 33
+ ... '''
+ ... return val*3
+ >>> m.__dict__.update({
+ ... 'sample_func': sample_func,
+ ... 'SampleClass': SampleClass,
+ ... '__doc__': '''
+ ... Module docstring.
+ ... >>> print 'module'
+ ... module
+ ... ''',
+ ... '__test__': {
+ ... 'd': '>>> print 6\n6\n>>> print 7\n7\n',
+ ... 'c': triple}})
+
+ >>> finder = doctest.DocTestFinder()
+ >>> # Use module=test.test_doctest, to prevent doctest from
+ >>> # ignoring the objects since they weren't defined in m.
+ >>> import test.test_doctest
+ >>> tests = finder.find(m, module=test.test_doctest)
+ >>> tests.sort()
+ >>> for t in tests:
+ ... print '%2s %s' % (len(t.examples), t.name)
+ 1 some_module
+ 1 some_module.SampleClass
+ 3 some_module.SampleClass.NestedClass
+ 1 some_module.SampleClass.NestedClass.__init__
+ 1 some_module.SampleClass.__init__
+ 2 some_module.SampleClass.a_classmethod
+ 1 some_module.SampleClass.a_property
+ 1 some_module.SampleClass.a_staticmethod
+ 1 some_module.SampleClass.double
+ 1 some_module.SampleClass.get
+ 1 some_module.c
+ 2 some_module.d
+ 1 some_module.sample_func
+
+Duplicate Removal
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+If a single object is listed twice (under different names), then tests
+will only be generated for it once:
+
+ >>> class TwoNames:
+ ... '''f() and g() are two names for the same method'''
+ ...
+ ... def f(self):
+ ... '''
+ ... >>> print TwoNames().f()
+ ... f
+ ... '''
+ ... return 'f'
+ ...
+ ... g = f # define an alias for f.
+
+ >>> finder = doctest.DocTestFinder()
+ >>> tests = finder.find(TwoNames, ignore_imports=False)
+ >>> tests.sort()
+ >>> print len(tests)
+ 2
+ >>> print tests[0].name
+ TwoNames
+ >>> print tests[1].name in ('TwoNames.f', 'TwoNames.g')
+ True
+
+Filter Functions
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Two filter functions can be used to restrict which objects get
+examined: a name-based filter and an object-based filter.
+
+ >>> def namefilter(prefix, base):
+ ... return base.startswith('a_')
+ >>> tests = doctest.DocTestFinder(namefilter=namefilter).find(SampleClass)
+ >>> tests.sort()
+ >>> for t in tests:
+ ... print '%2s %s' % (len(t.examples), t.name)
+ 1 SampleClass
+ 3 SampleClass.NestedClass
+ 1 SampleClass.NestedClass.__init__
+ 1 SampleClass.__init__
+ 1 SampleClass.double
+ 1 SampleClass.get
+
+ >>> def objfilter(obj):
+ ... return isinstance(obj, (staticmethod, classmethod))
+ >>> tests = doctest.DocTestFinder(objfilter=objfilter).find(SampleClass)
+ >>> tests.sort()
+ >>> for t in tests:
+ ... print '%2s %s' % (len(t.examples), t.name)
+ 1 SampleClass
+ 3 SampleClass.NestedClass
+ 1 SampleClass.NestedClass.__init__
+ 1 SampleClass.__init__
+ 1 SampleClass.a_property
+ 1 SampleClass.double
+ 1 SampleClass.get
+
+If a given object is filtered out, then none of the objects that it
+contains will be added either:
+
+ >>> def namefilter(prefix, base):
+ ... return base == 'NestedClass'
+ >>> tests = doctest.DocTestFinder(namefilter=namefilter).find(SampleClass)
+ >>> tests.sort()
+ >>> for t in tests:
+ ... print '%2s %s' % (len(t.examples), t.name)
+ 1 SampleClass
+ 1 SampleClass.__init__
+ 2 SampleClass.a_classmethod
+ 1 SampleClass.a_property
+ 1 SampleClass.a_staticmethod
+ 1 SampleClass.double
+ 1 SampleClass.get
+
+The filter functions apply to contained objects, and *not* to the
+object explicitly passed to DocTestFinder:
+
+ >>> def namefilter(prefix, base):
+ ... return base == 'SampleClass'
+ >>> tests = doctest.DocTestFinder(namefilter=namefilter).find(SampleClass)
+ >>> len(tests)
+ 9
+
+Turning off Recursion
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+DocTestFinder can be told not to look for tests in contained objects
+using the `recurse` flag:
+
+ >>> tests = doctest.DocTestFinder(recurse=False).find(SampleClass)
+ >>> tests.sort()
+ >>> for t in tests:
+ ... print '%2s %s' % (len(t.examples), t.name)
+ 1 SampleClass
+"""
+
+class test_DocTestRunner:
+ def basics(): r"""
+Unit tests for the `DocTestRunner` class.
+
+DocTestRunner is used to run DocTest test cases, and to accumulate
+statistics. Here's a simple DocTest case we can use:
+
+ >>> def f(x):
+ ... '''
+ ... >>> x = 12
+ ... >>> print x
+ ... 12
+ ... >>> x/2
+ ... 6
+ ... '''
+ >>> test = doctest.DocTestFinder().find(f)[0]
+
+The main DocTestRunner interface is the `run` method, which runs a
+given DocTest case in a given namespace (globs). It returns a tuple
+`(f,t)`, where `f` is the number of failed tests and `t` is the number
+of tried tests.
+
+ >>> doctest.DocTestRunner(verbose=False).run(test)
+ (0, 3)
+
+If any example produces incorrect output, then the test runner reports
+the failure and proceeds to the next example:
+
+ >>> def f(x):
+ ... '''
+ ... >>> x = 12
+ ... >>> print x
+ ... 14
+ ... >>> x/2
+ ... 6
+ ... '''
+ >>> test = doctest.DocTestFinder().find(f)[0]
+ >>> doctest.DocTestRunner(verbose=True).run(test)
+ Trying: x = 12
+ Expecting: nothing
+ ok
+ Trying: print x
+ Expecting: 14
+ **********************************************************************
+ Failure in example: print x
+ from line #2 of f
+ Expected: 14
+ Got: 12
+ Trying: x/2
+ Expecting: 6
+ ok
+ (1, 3)
+"""
+ def verbose_flag(): r"""
+The `verbose` flag makes the test runner generate more detailed
+output:
+
+ >>> def f(x):
+ ... '''
+ ... >>> x = 12
+ ... >>> print x
+ ... 12
+ ... >>> x/2
+ ... 6
+ ... '''
+ >>> test = doctest.DocTestFinder().find(f)[0]
+
+ >>> doctest.DocTestRunner(verbose=True).run(test)
+ Trying: x = 12
+ Expecting: nothing
+ ok
+ Trying: print x
+ Expecting: 12
+ ok
+ Trying: x/2
+ Expecting: 6
+ ok
+ (0, 3)
+
+If the `verbose` flag is unspecified, then the output will be verbose
+iff `-v` appears in sys.argv:
+
+ >>> # Save the real sys.argv list.
+ >>> old_argv = sys.argv
+
+ >>> # If -v does not appear in sys.argv, then output isn't verbose.
+ >>> sys.argv = ['test']
+ >>> doctest.DocTestRunner().run(test)
+ (0, 3)
+
+ >>> # If -v does appear in sys.argv, then output is verbose.
+ >>> sys.argv = ['test', '-v']
+ >>> doctest.DocTestRunner().run(test)
+ Trying: x = 12
+ Expecting: nothing
+ ok
+ Trying: print x
+ Expecting: 12
+ ok
+ Trying: x/2
+ Expecting: 6
+ ok
+ (0, 3)
+
+ >>> # Restore sys.argv
+ >>> sys.argv = old_argv
+
+In the remaining examples, the test runner's verbosity will be
+explicitly set, to ensure that the test behavior is consistent.
+ """
+ def exceptions(): r"""
+Tests of `DocTestRunner`'s exception handling.
+
+An expected exception is specified with a traceback message. The
+lines between the first line and the type/value may be omitted or
+replaced with any other string:
+
+ >>> def f(x):
+ ... '''
+ ... >>> x = 12
+ ... >>> print x/0
+ ... Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ... ZeroDivisionError: integer division or modulo by zero
+ ... '''
+ >>> test = doctest.DocTestFinder().find(f)[0]
+ >>> doctest.DocTestRunner(verbose=False).run(test)
+ (0, 2)
+
+An example may generate output before it raises an exception; if it
+does, then the output must match the expected output:
+
+ >>> def f(x):
+ ... '''
+ ... >>> x = 12
+ ... >>> print 'pre-exception output', x/0
+ ... pre-exception output
+ ... Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ... ZeroDivisionError: integer division or modulo by zero
+ ... '''
+ >>> test = doctest.DocTestFinder().find(f)[0]
+ >>> doctest.DocTestRunner(verbose=False).run(test)
+ (0, 2)
+
+Exception messages may contain newlines:
+
+ >>> def f(x):
+ ... r'''
+ ... >>> raise ValueError, 'multi\nline\nmessage'
+ ... Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ... ValueError: multi
+ ... line
+ ... message
+ ... '''
+ >>> test = doctest.DocTestFinder().find(f)[0]
+ >>> doctest.DocTestRunner(verbose=False).run(test)
+ (0, 1)
+
+If an exception is expected, but an exception with the wrong type or
+message is raised, then it is reported as a failure:
+
+ >>> def f(x):
+ ... r'''
+ ... >>> raise ValueError, 'message'
+ ... Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ... ValueError: wrong message
+ ... '''
+ >>> test = doctest.DocTestFinder().find(f)[0]
+ >>> doctest.DocTestRunner(verbose=False).run(test)
+ **********************************************************************
+ Failure in example: raise ValueError, 'message'
+ from line #1 of f
+ Expected:
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ValueError: wrong message
+ Got:
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ValueError: message
+ (1, 1)
+
+If an exception is raised but not expected, then it is reported as an
+unexpected exception:
+
+ >>> # Allow ellipsis in the following examples (since the filename
+ >>> # and line number in the traceback can vary):
+ >>> doctest: +ELLIPSIS
+
+ >>> def f(x):
+ ... r'''
+ ... >>> 1/0
+ ... 0
+ ... '''
+ >>> test = doctest.DocTestFinder().find(f)[0]
+ >>> doctest.DocTestRunner(verbose=False).run(test)
+ **********************************************************************
+ Failure in example: 1/0
+ from line #1 of f
+ Exception raised:
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ ZeroDivisionError: integer division or modulo by zero
+ (1, 1)
+
+ >>> doctest: -ELLIPSIS # Turn ellipsis back off:
+"""
+ def optionflags(): r"""
+Tests of `DocTestRunner`'s option flag handling.
+
+Several option flags can be used to customize the behavior of the test
+runner. These are defined as module constants in doctest, and passed
+to the DocTestRunner constructor (multiple constants should be or-ed
+together).
+
+The DONT_ACCEPT_TRUE_FOR_1 flag disables matches between True/False
+and 1/0:
+
+ >>> def f(x):
+ ... '>>> True\n1\n'
+
+ >>> # Without the flag:
+ >>> test = doctest.DocTestFinder().find(f)[0]
+ >>> doctest.DocTestRunner(verbose=False).run(test)
+ (0, 1)
+
+ >>> # With the flag:
+ >>> test = doctest.DocTestFinder().find(f)[0]
+ >>> flags = doctest.DONT_ACCEPT_TRUE_FOR_1
+ >>> doctest.DocTestRunner(verbose=False, optionflags=flags).run(test)
+ **********************************************************************
+ Failure in example: True
+ from line #0 of f
+ Expected: 1
+ Got: True
+ (1, 1)
+
+The DONT_ACCEPT_BLANKLINE flag disables the match between blank lines
+and the '<BLANKLINE>' marker:
+
+ >>> def f(x):
+ ... '>>> print "a\\n\\nb"\na\n<BLANKLINE>\nb\n'
+
+ >>> # Without the flag:
+ >>> test = doctest.DocTestFinder().find(f)[0]
+ >>> doctest.DocTestRunner(verbose=False).run(test)
+ (0, 1)
+
+ >>> # With the flag:
+ >>> test = doctest.DocTestFinder().find(f)[0]
+ >>> flags = doctest.DONT_ACCEPT_BLANKLINE
+ >>> doctest.DocTestRunner(verbose=False, optionflags=flags).run(test)
+ **********************************************************************
+ Failure in example: print "a\n\nb"
+ from line #0 of f
+ Expected:
+ a
+ <BLANKLINE>
+ b
+ Got:
+ a
+ <BLANKLINE>
+ b
+ (1, 1)
+
+The NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE flag causes all sequences of whitespace to be
+treated as equal:
+
+ >>> def f(x):
+ ... '>>> print 1, 2, 3\n 1 2\n 3'
+
+ >>> # Without the flag:
+ >>> test = doctest.DocTestFinder().find(f)[0]
+ >>> doctest.DocTestRunner(verbose=False).run(test)
+ **********************************************************************
+ Failure in example: print 1, 2, 3
+ from line #0 of f
+ Expected:
+ 1 2
+ 3
+ Got: 1 2 3
+ (1, 1)
+
+ >>> # With the flag:
+ >>> test = doctest.DocTestFinder().find(f)[0]
+ >>> flags = doctest.NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE
+ >>> doctest.DocTestRunner(verbose=False, optionflags=flags).run(test)
+ (0, 1)
+
+The ELLIPSIS flag causes ellipsis marker ("...") in the expected
+output to match any substring in the actual output:
+
+ >>> def f(x):
+ ... '>>> print range(15)\n[0, 1, 2, ..., 14]\n'
+
+ >>> # Without the flag:
+ >>> test = doctest.DocTestFinder().find(f)[0]
+ >>> doctest.DocTestRunner(verbose=False).run(test)
+ **********************************************************************
+ Failure in example: print range(15)
+ from line #0 of f
+ Expected: [0, 1, 2, ..., 14]
+ Got: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14]
+ (1, 1)
+
+ >>> # With the flag:
+ >>> test = doctest.DocTestFinder().find(f)[0]
+ >>> flags = doctest.ELLIPSIS
+ >>> doctest.DocTestRunner(verbose=False, optionflags=flags).run(test)
+ (0, 1)
+
+The UNIFIED_DIFF flag causes failures that involve multi-line expected
+and actual outputs to be displayed using a unified diff:
+
+ >>> def f(x):
+ ... r'''
+ ... >>> print '\n'.join('abcdefg')
+ ... a
+ ... B
+ ... c
+ ... d
+ ... f
+ ... g
+ ... h
+ ... '''
+
+ >>> # Without the flag:
+ >>> test = doctest.DocTestFinder().find(f)[0]
+ >>> doctest.DocTestRunner(verbose=False).run(test)
+ **********************************************************************
+ Failure in example: print '\n'.join('abcdefg')
+ from line #1 of f
+ Expected:
+ a
+ B
+ c
+ d
+ f
+ g
+ h
+ Got:
+ a
+ b
+ c
+ d
+ e
+ f
+ g
+ (1, 1)
+
+ >>> # With the flag:
+ >>> test = doctest.DocTestFinder().find(f)[0]
+ >>> flags = doctest.UNIFIED_DIFF
+ >>> doctest.DocTestRunner(verbose=False, optionflags=flags).run(test)
+ **********************************************************************
+ Failure in example: print '\n'.join('abcdefg')
+ from line #1 of f
+ Differences (unified diff):
+ --- Expected
+ +++ Got
+ @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
+ a
+ -B
+ +b
+ c
+ d
+ +e
+ f
+ g
+ -h
+ <BLANKLINE>
+ (1, 1)
+
+The CONTEXT_DIFF flag causes failures that involve multi-line expected
+and actual outputs to be displayed using a context diff:
+
+ >>> # Reuse f() from the UNIFIED_DIFF example, above.
+ >>> test = doctest.DocTestFinder().find(f)[0]
+ >>> flags = doctest.CONTEXT_DIFF
+ >>> doctest.DocTestRunner(verbose=False, optionflags=flags).run(test)
+ **********************************************************************
+ Failure in example: print '\n'.join('abcdefg')
+ from line #1 of f
+ Differences (context diff):
+ *** Expected
+ --- Got
+ ***************
+ *** 1,8 ****
+ a
+ ! B
+ c
+ d
+ f
+ g
+ - h
+ <BLANKLINE>
+ --- 1,8 ----
+ a
+ ! b
+ c
+ d
+ + e
+ f
+ g
+ <BLANKLINE>
+ (1, 1)
+"""
+ def option_directives(): r"""
+Tests of `DocTestRunner`'s option directive mechanism.
+
+Option directives can be used to turn option flags on or off from
+within a DocTest case. The following example shows how a flag can be
+turned on and off. Note that comments on the same line as the option
+directive are ignored.
+
+ >>> def f(x): r'''
+ ... >>> print range(10) # Should fail: no ellipsis
+ ... [0, 1, ..., 9]
+ ...
+ ... >>> doctest: +ELLIPSIS # turn ellipsis on.
+ ... >>> print range(10) # Should succeed
+ ... [0, 1, ..., 9]
+ ...
+ ... >>> doctest: -ELLIPSIS # turn ellipsis back off.
+ ... >>> print range(10) # Should fail: no ellipsis
+ ... [0, 1, ..., 9]
+ ... '''
+ >>> test = doctest.DocTestFinder().find(f)[0]
+ >>> doctest.DocTestRunner(verbose=False).run(test)
+ **********************************************************************
+ Failure in example: print range(10) # Should fail: no ellipsis
+ from line #1 of f
+ Expected: [0, 1, ..., 9]
+ Got: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
+ **********************************************************************
+ Failure in example: print range(10) # Should fail: no ellipsis
+ from line #9 of f
+ Expected: [0, 1, ..., 9]
+ Got: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
+ (2, 3)
+
+Multiple flags can be toggled by a single option directive:
+
+ >>> def f(x): r'''
+ ... >>> print range(10) # Should fail
+ ... [0, 1, ..., 9]
+ ... >>> doctest: +ELLIPSIS +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE
+ ... >>> print range(10) # Should succeed
+ ... [0, 1, ..., 9]
+ ... '''
+ >>> test = doctest.DocTestFinder().find(f)[0]
+ >>> doctest.DocTestRunner(verbose=False).run(test)
+ **********************************************************************
+ Failure in example: print range(10) # Should fail
+ from line #1 of f
+ Expected: [0, 1, ..., 9]
+ Got: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
+ (1, 2)
+"""
+
+def test_testsource(): r"""
+Unit tests for `testsource()`.
+
+The testsource() function takes a module and a name, finds the (first)
+test with that name in that module, and converts it to an
+
+ >>> import test.test_doctest
+ >>> name = 'test.test_doctest.sample_func'
+ >>> print doctest.testsource(test.test_doctest, name)
+ print sample_func(22)
+ # Expected:
+ # 44
+
+ >>> name = 'test.test_doctest.SampleNewStyleClass'
+ >>> print doctest.testsource(test.test_doctest, name)
+ print '1\n2\n3'
+ # Expected:
+ # 1
+ # 2
+ # 3
+
+ >>> name = 'test.test_doctest.SampleClass.a_classmethod'
+ >>> print doctest.testsource(test.test_doctest, name)
+ print SampleClass.a_classmethod(10)
+ # Expected:
+ # 12
+ print SampleClass(0).a_classmethod(10)
+ # Expected:
+ # 12
+"""
+
+def test_debug(): r"""
+
+Create a docstring that we want to debug:
+
+ >>> s = '''
+ ... >>> x = 12
+ ... >>> print x
+ ... 12
+ ... '''
+
+Create some fake stdin input, to feed to the debugger:
+
+ >>> import tempfile
+ >>> fake_stdin = tempfile.TemporaryFile(mode='w+')
+ >>> fake_stdin.write('\n'.join(['next', 'print x', 'continue', '']))
+ >>> fake_stdin.seek(0)
+ >>> real_stdin = sys.stdin
+ >>> sys.stdin = fake_stdin
+
+Run the debugger on the docstring, and then restore sys.stdin.
+
+ >>> doctest: +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE
+ >>> try:
+ ... doctest.debug_src(s)
+ ... finally:
+ ... sys.stdin = real_stdin
+ ... fake_stdin.close()
+ > <string>(1)?()
+ (Pdb) 12
+ --Return--
+ > <string>(1)?()->None
+ (Pdb) 12
+ (Pdb)
+
+"""
+
+######################################################################
+## Main
+######################################################################
+
+def test_main():
+ # Check the doctest cases in doctest itself:
+ test_support.run_doctest(doctest, verbosity=True)
+ # Check the doctest cases defined here:
+ from test import test_doctest
+ test_support.run_doctest(test_doctest, verbosity=True)
+
+import trace, sys, re, StringIO
+def test_coverage(coverdir):
+ tracer = trace.Trace(ignoredirs=[sys.prefix, sys.exec_prefix,],
+ trace=0, count=1)
+ tracer.run('reload(doctest); test_main()')
+ r = tracer.results()
+ print 'Writing coverage results...'
+ r.write_results(show_missing=True, summary=True,
+ coverdir=coverdir)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+ if '-c' in sys.argv:
+ test_coverage('/tmp/doctest.cover')
+ else:
+ test_main()
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