-# @(#)africa 7.39
+# @(#)africa 8.3
+# <pre>
# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
-# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
#
# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
-# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
-# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
+# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
+# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
#
# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
# of the IATA's data after 1990.
#
-# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
-# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
+# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
+# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
#
# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
# Algeria
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun<=7 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 -
Rule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 -
Rule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 -
-Rule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon<=7 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 -
Rule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 -
Rule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 -
Rule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 -
-# Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's more precise 0:09:21.
+# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's
+# more precise 0:09:21.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01
0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
1:00 - WAT
# Benin
-# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934; go with Shanks.
+# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934;
+# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Porto-Novo 0:10:28 - LMT 1912
0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
2:00 - CAT
# Cameroon
-# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks.
+# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Douala 0:38:48 - LMT 1912
1:00 - WAT
3:00 - EAT
# Ethiopia
-# From Paul Eggert (1997-10-05):
-# Shanks writes that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time zones between
-# 1870 and 1890, and that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 1890.
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger write that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time zones
+# between 1870 and 1890, and that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 1890.
# We'll guess that 38E50 is for Adis Dera.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870
# Ghana
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present''; go with Shanks.
+# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present'';
+# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST
Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2:00 - SAST
# Liberia
-# From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch
# from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes.
# Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday.
-# Shanks reports the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan; go with Shanks.
-# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks reports -0:44, whereas Howse and Whitman
-# each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure.
+# Shank & Pottenger report the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan;
+# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report -0:44, whereas Howse and
+# Whitman each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882
-0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time
1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959
2:00 - EET 1982
1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4
-# The following entries are all from Shanks;
+# The following entries are from Shanks & Pottenger;
# the IATA SSIM data contain some obvious errors.
2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30
1:00 - CET 1997 Apr 4
2:00 - CAT
# Namibia
-# The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks.
-# Shanks reports no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA.
+# The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Shanks & Pottenger report no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA.
# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Namibia 1994 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Namibia 1995 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
# Sierra Leone
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks.
+# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 0:40 SLST
Rule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 WAT
Rule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 SLST
# Tunisia
# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30):
-#
# My correspondent, Risto Nykanen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST,
# this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News
# <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP
# <http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html>
# ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30,
# 1h standard time.
+#
+# From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28):
+# The daylight saving time will be the same each year:
+# Beginning : the last Sunday of March at 02:00
+# Ending : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ...
+# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S
Rule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S
Rule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 -
-# Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's more precise 0:09:21.
-# Shanks says the 1911 switch occurred on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11.
+Rule Tunisia 2006 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Tunisia 2006 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's
+# more precise 0:09:21.
+# Shanks & Pottenger say the 1911 switch was on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12
0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
-# @(#)antarctica 7.25
+# @(#)antarctica 8.2
+# <pre>
# From Paul Eggert (1999-11-15):
# To keep things manageable, we list only locations occupied year-round; see
Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
Rule ArgAQ 1967 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
-Rule ArgAQ 1967 1968 - Oct Sun<=7 0:00 1:00 S
-Rule ArgAQ 1968 1969 - Apr Sun<=7 0:00 0 -
+Rule ArgAQ 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule ArgAQ 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S
Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
-Rule ArgAQ 1974 1976 - Oct Sun<=7 0:00 1:00 S
-Rule ArgAQ 1975 1977 - Apr Sun<=7 0:00 0 -
+Rule ArgAQ 1974 1976 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule ArgAQ 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
Rule ChileAQ 1966 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S
Rule ChileAQ 1967 1998 - Mar Sun>=9 0:00 0 -
Rule ChileAQ 1998 only - Sep 27 0:00 1:00 S
# Australia - territories
# Heard Island, McDonald Islands (uninhabited)
# previously sealers and scientific personnel wintered
-# <a href="http://www.dstc.qut.edu.au/DST/marg/daylight.html">
+# <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20021204222245/http://www.dstc.qut.edu.au/DST/marg/daylight.html">
# Margaret Turner reports
# </a> (1999-09-30) that they're UTC+5, with no DST;
# presumably this is when they have visitors.
# France - year-round bases
#
-# From Antoine Leca <Antoine.Leca@Renault.FR> (1997-01-20):
+# From Antoine Leca (1997-01-20):
# Time data are from Nicole Pailleau at the IFRTP
# (French Institute for Polar Research and Technology).
# She confirms that French Southern Territories and Terre Adelie bases
0 - zzz 1956 Nov
10:00 - DDUT # Dumont-d'Urville Time
# Reference:
-# <a href="http://www.icair.iac.org.nz/science/reports/fr/IFRTP.html">
-# Support and Development of Polar Research and Technology (1997-02-03)
+# <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumont_d'Urville_Station">
+# Dumont d'Urville Station (2005-12-05)
# </a>
-
# Germany - year-round base
# Georg von Neumayer, -7039-00815
# Syowa, -690022+0393524
#
# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1999-02-06):
-# In all Japanese stations, +0300 is used as the standard time. [See]
-# <a href="http://www.crl.go.jp/uk/uk201/basyo.htm">[reference in Japanese]</a>
-# and information from KAMO Hiroyasu.
+# In all Japanese stations, +0300 is used as the standard time.
#
# Syowa station, which is the first antarctic station of Japan,
# was established on 1957-01-29. Since Syowa station is still the main
# Normally it wouldn't have a separate entry, since it's like the
# larger Antarctica/McMurdo since 1970, but it's too famous to omit.
#
-# From Chris Carrier <72157.3334@CompuServe.COM> (1996-06-27):
+# From Chris Carrier (1996-06-27):
# Siple, the first commander of the South Pole station,
# stated that he would have liked to have kept GMT at the station,
# but that he found it more convenient to keep GMT+12
-# @(#)asia 7.85
+# @(#)asia 8.6
+# <pre>
# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
-# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
#
# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
-# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
-# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
+# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
+# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
#
# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
# of the IATA's data after 1990.
#
-# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
-# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
+# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
+# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
#
# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
# These rules are stolen from the `europe' file.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S
+Rule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 -
Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 -
Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
Rule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
4:30 - AFT
# Armenia
-# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
-# Shanks has Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) in spring 1991,
-# then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then readopting Russian DST in 1997.
-# Go with Shanks, even when he disagrees with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz
-# <edd@AIC.NET> reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger have Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST)
+# in spring 1991, then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then
+# readopting Russian DST in 1997. Go with Shanks & Pottenger, even
+# when they disagree with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz
+# reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST
# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that
# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991,
# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998.
4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT
# Azerbaijan
+# From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23):
+# According to the resolution of Cabinet of Ministers, 1997
+# Resolution available at: http://aif.az/docs/daylight_res.pdf
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-Rule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 1:00 1:00 S
-Rule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 1:00 0 -
+Rule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 4:00 1:00 S
+Rule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time
# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN
# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10
-# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
-# Shanks writes that China has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1,
-# observing summer DST from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger write that China (except for Hong Kong and Macau)
+# has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1, observing summer DST
+# from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's
# note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986.
-# Go with Shanks for now. I made up names for the other pre-1980 time zones.
+# Go with Shanks & Pottenger for now. I made up names for the other
+# pre-1980 time zones.
-# From Shanks:
+# From Shanks & Pottenger:
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D
Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S
Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D
-#
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-#
+
# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20):
# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five
# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official
-# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949):
+# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949).
+#
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-07-14):
+# I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the
+# http://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county
+# boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two
+# counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border,
+# counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are
+# therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege
+# county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6
+# (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two
+# counties are mistakes in the astro.com data.
+
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area)
+# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin
Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin
8:30 - CHAT 1932 Mar # Changbai Time
8:00 - CST 1940
8:30 - CHAT 1980 May
8:00 PRC C%sT
# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time")
+# most of China
Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928
8:00 Shang C%sT 1949
8:00 PRC C%sT
# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area)
+# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan;
+# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong
+# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing,
+# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu.
Zone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking
7:00 - LONT 1980 May # Long-shu Time
8:00 PRC C%sT
# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time")
+# The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai;
+# the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang,
+# Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi;
+# east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi;
+# east Xinjiang, including Urumqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe,
+# Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin,
+# Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami,
+# Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan.
Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi
6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time
8:00 PRC C%sT
# Kunlun Time
+# West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule;
+# West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke,
+# Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding,
+# and Yarkand.
Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar
5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time
5:00 - KAST 1980 May
# Taiwan
-# Shanks writes that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it
+# Shanks & Pottenger write that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it
# was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't
# have any other information.
# Mikhail Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process
# of integration into Europe.
+# From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07):
+# Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on
+# [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years.
+# Currently, we are in fact GMT +4:00, as before 30 October it was GMT
+# +3:00.... The problem is, there is NO FORMAL LAW or governmental document
+# about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document,
+# because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time....
+# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our
+# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month.
+
+
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880
2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time
4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun
4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun
4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 2004 Jun 27
- 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT
+ 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00
+ 4:00 - GET
# East Timor
# Indonesia
#
-# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks:
+# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger:
# <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime>
# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some
# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat
#
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10
-# Shanks says the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13,
+# Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13,
# but this must be a typo.
7:07:12 - JMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Jakarta
7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time
# leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious
# plan to change that law....
#
-# From Paul Eggert (2005-04-05):
-# Go with Shanks before September 1991, and with Pournader thereafter.
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Go with Shanks & Pottenger before Sept. 1991, and with Pournader thereafter.
# I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 21.2 to check Persian dates,
# stopping after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow.
# That cal-persia used Birashk's approximation, which disagrees with the solar
# Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date
# 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical).
#
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# The above comments about post-2006 transitions may become relevant again,
+# if Iran ever resuscitates DST, so we'll leave the comments in.
+#
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22):
+# Several of my users have reported that Iran will not observe DST anymore:
+# http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm
+#
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 S
Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
Rule Iran 2004 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Iran 2004 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
-Rule Iran 2005 2007 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Iran 2005 2007 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
-Rule Iran 2008 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Iran 2008 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
-Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
-Rule Iran 2012 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Iran 2012 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
-Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
-Rule Iran 2016 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Iran 2016 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
-Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
-Rule Iran 2020 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Iran 2020 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
-Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
-Rule Iran 2024 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Iran 2024 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
-Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
-Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
-Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
-Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
-Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
-Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
+Rule Iran 2005 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Iran 2005 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916
3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time
Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S
Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D
# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo.
-# Shanks says Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997 or 1999 on; ignore this.
+# Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this.
+#
Rule Iraq 1991 max - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D
Rule Iraq 1991 max - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's
# family is from India).
-# From Shanks:
+# From Shanks & Pottenger:
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
# of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who
# wanted to keep it.)
-# Shanks writes that daylight saving in Japan during those years was as follows:
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger write that DST in Japan during those years was as follows:
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S
Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
# but the only locations using it (for birth certificates, presumably, since
-# Shanks's audience is astrologers) were US military bases. For now, assume
+# their audience is astrologers) were US military bases. For now, assume
# that for most purposes daylight-saving time was observed; otherwise, what
# would have been the point of the 1951 poll?
# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate.
# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor.
-# Shanks claims JST in use since 1896, and that a few places (e.g. Ishigaki)
-# use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all ordinances took effect on Jan 1.
+# Shanks & Pottenger claim JST in use since 1896, and that a few
+# places (e.g. Ishigaki) use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all
+# ordinances took effect on Jan 1.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u
# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in
# government's departments from six to seven hours.
#
+# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22):
+# Starting 2003 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com.
+#
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23):
+# For Jordan I have received multiple independent user reports every year
+# about DST end dates, as the end-rule is different every year.
+#
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 -
Rule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 -
Rule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Jordan 1999 max - Sep lastThu 0:00s 0 -
+Rule Jordan 1999 2002 - Sep lastThu 0:00s 0 -
Rule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Jordan 2003 only - Oct 24 0:00s 0 -
+Rule Jordan 2004 only - Oct 15 0:00s 0 -
+Rule Jordan 2005 max - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931
2:00 Jordan EE%sT
# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time
# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan.
-# From Paul Eggert (2001-10-18):
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
# German Iofis, ELSI, Almaty (2001-10-09) reports that Kazakhstan uses
# RussiaAsia rules, instead of switching at 00:00 as the IATA has it.
-# Go with Shanks, who has them always using RussiaAsia rules.
-# Also go with the following claims of Shanks:
+# Go with Shanks & Pottenger, who have them always using RussiaAsia rules.
+# Also go with the following claims of Shanks & Pottenger:
#
# - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991.
# - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00.
5:00 - ORAT
# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan)
-# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks.
+# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger.
# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15):
# According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway
# <http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml>
# Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article
# to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC.
+# From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21):
+# Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005.
+# From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-Rule Kirgiz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Kirgiz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
-Rule Kirgiz 1997 max - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S
-Rule Kirgiz 1997 max - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 -
+Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
+Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S
+Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2004 - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time
6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence
- 5:00 Kirgiz KG%sT # Kirgizstan Time
+ 5:00 Kyrgyz KG%sT 2005 Aug 12 # Kyrgyzstan Time
+ 6:00 - KGT
###############################################################################
# Korea (North and South)
-# From Guy Harris:
-# According to someone at the Korean Times in San Francisco,
-# Daylight Savings Time was not observed until 1987. He did not know
-# at what time of day DST starts or ends.
+# From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10) in
+# <http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2006/07/10/200607100012.asp>:
+# The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy has already
+# commissioned a research project [to reintroduce DST] and has said
+# the system may begin as early as 2008.... Korea ran a daylight
+# saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it during the 1950-53 Korean War.
-# From Shanks:
+# From Shanks & Pottenger:
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D
Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
-Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun<=14 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun<=14 0:00 0 S
+Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890
7:30 - MALT 1982 Jan 1
8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time
# Sabah & Sarawak
-# From Paul Eggert (2003-11-01):
-# The data here are mostly from Shanks, but the 1942, 1945 and 1982
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# The data here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 and 1982
# transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar
# Mongolia
-# Shanks says that Mongolia has three time zones, but usno1995 and the CIA map
-# Standard Time Zones of the World (1997-01)
+# Shanks & Pottenger say that Mongolia has three time zones, but
+# usno1995 and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World (2005-03)
# both say that it has just one.
# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11):
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
-# IATA SSIM says 1990s switches occurred at 00:00, but Shanks (1995) lists
-# them at 02:00s, and McDow says the 2001 switches also occurred at 02:00.
-# Also, IATA SSIM (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks through 1998.
-Rule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+# Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00,
+# but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00. Also, IATA SSIM
+# (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998.
+#
+# Shanks & Pottenger say that the Sept. 1984 through Sept. 1990 switches
+# in Choibalsan (more precisely, in Dornod and Sukhbaatar) took place
+# at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00 local time as in the rest of
+# the country. That would be odd, and possibly is a result of their
+# correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly
+# in the latest edition; so ignore it for now.
+
+Rule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST.
Rule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Mongol 2001 max - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 -
# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they
# have one).
-# From Paul Eggert (1998-02-25):
-# Shanks writes that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but we'll go
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger write that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but go
# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947,
# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996.
# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since
# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00,
# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October.
+# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22):
+# Starting 2004 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com.
+
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23):
+# A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of
+# the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think
+# there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks
+# earlier--the same goes for Jordan.
+
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
+# I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the
+# same day as Israel, and after checking with other users in the area, I
+# was informed that they started DST one day after Israel. I was not
+# able to find any authoritative sources at the time, nor details if
+# Gaza changed as well, but presumed Gaza to follow the same rules as
+# the West Bank.
+
# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 -
Rule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 1999 max - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S
-Rule Palestine 1999 max - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 -
+Rule Palestine 1999 2005 - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 -
+Rule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 -
+Rule Palestine 2005 max - Oct 4 2:00 0 -
+Rule Palestine 2006 max - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct
# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to
# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01. Robert H. van Gent has a
# transcript of the decree in <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm>.
-# The rest of this data is from Shanks.
+# The rest of the data are from Shanks & Pottenger.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25):
+# Tomorrow's Manila Standard reports that the Philippines Department of
+# Trade and Industry is considering adopting DST this June when the
+# rainy season begins. See
+# <http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=politics02_april26_2006>.
+# For now, we'll ignore this, since it's not definite and we lack details.
+#
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-26):
+# ... claims that Philippines had DST last time in 1990:
+# http://story.philippinetimes.com/p.x/ct/9/id/145be20cc6b121c0/cid/3e5bbccc730d258c/
+# [a story dated 2006-04-25 by Cris Larano of Dow Jones Newswires,
+# but no details]
+
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 -
# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996
# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT.
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online
+# <http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002> (2006-04-13):
+# 0030 hrs on April 15, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006 +30 minutes)
+# at present, become 2400 hours of April 14, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006).
+
+# From Peter Apps and Ranga Sirila of Reuters (2006-04-12) in:
+# <http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILANKA-TIME-DC.XML>
+# [The Tamil Tigers] never accepted the original 1996 time change and simply
+# kept their clocks set five and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean
+# Time (GMT), in line with neighbor India.
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-18):
+# People who live in regions under Tamil control can use TZ='Asia/Calcutta',
+# as that zone has agreed with the Tamil areas since our cutoff date of 1970.
+
+# From K Sethu (2006-04-25):
+# I think the abbreviation LKT originated from the world of computers at
+# the time of or subsequent to the time zone changes by SL Government
+# twice in 1996 and probably SL Government or its standardization
+# agencies never declared an abbreviation as a national standard.
+#
+# I recollect before the recent change the government annoucemments
+# mentioning it as simply changing Sri Lanka Standard Time or Sri Lanka
+# Time and no mention was made about the abbreviation.
+#
+# If we look at Sri Lanka Department of Government's "Official News
+# Website of Sri Lanka" ... http://www.news.lk/ we can see that they
+# use SLT as abbreviation in time stamp at the beginning of each news
+# item....
+#
+# Within Sri Lanka I think LKT is well known among computer users and
+# adminsitrators. In my opinion SLT may not be a good choice because the
+# nation's largest telcom / internet operator Sri Lanka Telcom is well
+# known by that abbreviation - simply as SLT (there IP domains are
+# slt.lk and sltnet.lk).
+#
+# But if indeed our government has adopted SLT as standard abbreviation
+# (that we have not known so far) then it is better that it be used for
+# all computers.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25):
+# One possibility is that we wait for a bit for the dust to settle down
+# and then see what people actually say in practice.
+
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880
5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time
5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00
5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00
6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30
- 6:00 - LKT
+ 6:00 - LKT 2006 Apr 15 0:30
+ 5:30 - IST
# Syria
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02;
# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02,
# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31;
-# ignore all these claims and go with Shanks.
+# ignore all these claims and go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Syria 1994 max - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S
2:00 Syria EE%sT
# Tajikistan
-# From Shanks.
+# From Shanks & Pottenger.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time
7:00 - ICT
# Turkmenistan
-# From Shanks.
+# From Shanks & Pottenger.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad
4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time
5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00
4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence
- 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00
+ 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00
5:00 - TMT
# United Arab Emirates
4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time
5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1
5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1
- 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 # Tashkent Time
- 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
+ 6:00 - TAST 1982 Apr 1 # Tashkent Time
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia SAM%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992
- 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1993
5:00 - UZT
Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time
- 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00
5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992
- 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1993
5:00 - UZT
# Vietnam
+
# From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18):
# Saigon's official name is Thanh-Pho Ho Chi Minh, but it's too long.
# We'll stick with the traditional name for now.
-# From Shanks:
+
+# From Shanks & Pottenger:
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Saigon 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
-# @(#)australasia 7.73
+# @(#)australasia 8.3
+# <pre>
+
# This file also includes Pacific islands.
# Notes are at the end of this file
7:00 - CXT # Christmas Island Time
# Cook Is
-# From Shanks:
+# From Shanks & Pottenger:
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Cook 1978 only - Nov 12 0:00 0:30 HS
Rule Cook 1979 1991 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
Rule NC 1977 1978 - Dec Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule NC 1978 1979 - Feb 27 0:00 0 -
Rule NC 1996 only - Dec 1 2:00s 1:00 S
-# Shanks says the following was at 2:00; go with IATA.
+# Shanks & Pottenger say the following was at 2:00; go with IATA.
Rule NC 1997 only - Mar 2 2:00s 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Pacific/Noumea 11:05:48 - LMT 1912 Jan 13
# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
-# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
-# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
-# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
+# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
+# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
#
# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
# of the IATA's data after 1990.
#
-# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
-# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
+# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
+# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
#
# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
# Australia
-# <a href="http://www.dstc.qut.edu.au/DST/marg/daylight.html">
-# Australia's Daylight Saving Times
-# </a>, by Margaret Turner, summarizes daylight saving issues in Australia.
+# From Paul Eggert (2005-12-08):
+# <a href="http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/dst_times.shtml">
+# Implementation Dates of Daylight Saving Time within Australia
+# </a> summarizes daylight saving issues in Australia.
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (2005-12-12):
+# <a href="http://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.au/lawlink/Corporate/ll_agdinfo.nsf/pages/community_relations_daylight_saving">
+# Lawlink NSW:Daylight Saving in New South Wales
+# </a> covers New South Wales in particular.
# From John Mackin (1991-03-06):
# We in Australia have _never_ referred to DST as `daylight' time.
# WST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 8:00
# EST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 10:00
+# From Chuck Soper (2006-06-01):
+# I recently found this Australian government web page on time zones:
+# <http://www.australia.gov.au/about-australia-13time>
+# And this government web page lists time zone names and abbreviations:
+# <http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/daysavtm.shtml>
+
# From Paul Eggert (2001-04-05), summarizing a long discussion about "EST"
# versus "AEST" etc.:
#
# understood in Australia.
# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
-# Shanks reports 2:00 for all autumn changes in Australia and New Zealand.
+# Shanks & Pottenger report 2:00 for all autumn changes in Australia and NZ.
# Mark Prior writes that his newspaper
# reports that NSW's fall 1995 change will occur at 2:00,
# but Robert Elz says it's been 3:00 in Victoria since 1970
# current DST ending dates, no worries.
#
# Rule Oz 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 -
-# Rule Oz 1986 max - Oct Sun<=24 2:00 1:00 -
+# Rule Oz 1986 max - Oct Sun>=18 2:00 1:00 -
# Rule Oz 1972 only - Feb 27 3:00 0 -
# Rule Oz 1973 1986 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 -
-# Rule Oz 1987 max - Mar Sun<=21 3:00 0 -
+# Rule Oz 1987 max - Mar Sun>=15 3:00 0 -
# Zone Australia/Tasmania 10:00 Oz EST
# Zone Australia/South 9:30 Oz CST
# Zone Australia/Victoria 10:00 Oz EST 1985 Oct lastSun 2:00
-# 10:00 1:00 EST 1986 Mar Sun<=21 3:00
+# 10:00 1:00 EST 1986 Mar Sun>=15 3:00
# 10:00 Oz EST
# From Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
# ...
# Rule AS 1971 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
# Rule AS 1972 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 C
-# Rule AS 1986 1990 - Mar Sun<=21 3:00 0 C
+# Rule AS 1986 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 3:00 0 C
# Rule AS 1991 max - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 C
# From Bradley White (1992-03-11):
# legislation. This is very important to understand.
# I have researched New South Wales time only...
-# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-27):
-# The Information Service of the Australian National Standards Commission
-# <a href="http://www.nsc.gov.au/InfoServ/Ileaflet/il27.htm">
-# Daylight Saving
-# </a> page (1995-04) has an excellent overall history of Australian DST.
-# The Community Relations Division of the NSW Attorney General's Department
-# publishes a history of daylight saving in NSW. See:
-# <a href="http://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.au/crd.nsf/pages/time2">
-# Lawlink NSW: Daylight Saving in New South Wales
-# </a>
-
# From Eric Ulevik (1999-05-26):
# DST will start in NSW on the last Sunday of August, rather than the usual
# October in 2000. [See: Matthew Moore,
# Lord Howe Island
# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
-# LHI... [ Courtesy of Pauline Van Winsen.. pauline@Aus ]
+# LHI... [ Courtesy of Pauline Van Winsen ]
# [ Dec 1990 ]
# Lord Howe Island is located off the New South Wales coast, and is half an
# hour ahead of NSW time.
# shown on clocks on LHI. I guess this means that for 30 minutes at the start
# of DST, LHI is actually 1 hour ahead of the rest of NSW.
-# From Paul Eggert (2001-02-09):
-# For Lord Howe dates we use Shanks through 1989, and Lonergan thereafter.
-# For times we use Lonergan.
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# For Lord Howe dates we use Shanks & Pottenger through 1989, and
+# Lonergan thereafter. For times we use Lonergan.
###############################################################################
# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
# # The Country of New Zealand (Australia's east island -) Gee they hate that!
# # or is Australia the west island of N.Z.
-# # [ courtesy of Geoff Tribble.. Geofft@Aus.. Auckland N.Z. ]
+# # [ courtesy of Geoff Tribble.. Auckland N.Z. ]
# # [ Nov 1990 ]
# ...
# Rule NZ 1974 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
# rather than the October 1 value.
# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19);
-# Shanks reports 2:00 for all autumn changes in Australia and New Zealand.
+# Shank & Pottenger report 2:00 for all autumn changes in Australia and NZ.
# Robert Uzgalis writes that the New Zealand Daylight
# Savings Time Order in Council dated 1990-06-18 specifies 2:00 standard
# time on both the first Sunday in October and the third Sunday in March.
# As with Australia, we'll assume the tradition is 2:00s, not 2:00.
#
-# From Paul Eggert (2003-05-26):
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
# The Department of Internal Affairs (DIA) maintains a brief history,
# as does Carol Squires; see tz-link.htm for the full references.
-# Use these sources in preference to Shanks.
+# Use these sources in preference to Shanks & Pottenger.
#
# For Chatham, IATA SSIM (1991/1999) gives the NZ rules but with
# transitions at 2:45 local standard time; this confirms that Chatham
# ``I am certain, having lived there for the past decade, that "Truk"
# (now properly known as Chuuk) ... is in the time zone GMT+10.''
#
-# Shanks writes that Truk switched from UTC+10 to UTC+11 on 1978-10-01;
-# ignore this for now.
+# Shanks & Pottenger write that Truk switched from UTC+10 to UTC+11
+# on 1978-10-01; ignore this for now.
# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
# The Federated States of Micronesia Visitors Board writes in
# on the World Day of Prayer, you would be the first people on Earth
# to say your prayers in the morning."
-# From Paul Eggert (1999-08-12):
-# Shanks says the transition was on 1968-10-01; go with Mundell.
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger say the transition was on 1968-10-01; go with Mundell.
# From Eric Ulevik (1999-05-03):
# Tonga's director of tourism, who is also secretary of the National Millenium
# mapmakers redrew the IDL following the boundary of Kiribati. Even that line
# has a rather arbitrary nature. The straight-line boundaries between Pacific
# island nations that are shown on many maps are based on an international
-# convention, but are not legally binding national borders.
-#
-# An Anglo-French Conference on Time-Keeping at Sea (June, 1917) agreed that
-# legal time on the high seas would be zone time, i.e., the standard time at
-# the nearest meridian that is a multiple of fifteen degrees. The date is
+# convention, but are not legally binding national borders.... The date is
# governed by the IDL; therefore, even on the high seas, there may be some
# places as late as fourteen hours later than UTC. And, since the IDL is not
# an international standard, there are some places on the high seas where the
# correct date is ambiguous.
+# From Wikipedia <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_zone> (2005-08-31):
+# Before 1920, all ships kept local apparent time on the high seas by setting
+# their clocks at night or at the morning sight so that, given the ship's
+# speed and direction, it would be 12 o'clock when the Sun crossed the ship's
+# meridian (12 o'clock = local apparent noon). During 1917, at the
+# Anglo-French Conference on Time-keeping at Sea, it was recommended that all
+# ships, both military and civilian, should adopt hourly standard time zones
+# on the high seas. Whenever a ship was within the territorial waters of any
+# nation it would use that nation's standard time. The captain was permitted
+# to change his ship's clocks at a time of his choice following his ship's
+# entry into another zone time--he often chose midnight. These zones were
+# adopted by all major fleets between 1920 and 1925 but not by many
+# independent merchant ships until World War II.
+
# From Paul Eggert, using references suggested by Oscar van Vlijmen
# (2005-03-20):
#
-# @(#)backward 7.29
+# @(#)backward 8.2
# This file provides links between current names for time zones
# and their old names. Many names changed in late 1993.
Link America/Adak America/Atka
Link America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires America/Buenos_Aires
Link America/Argentina/Catamarca America/Catamarca
+Link America/Atikokan America/Coral_Harbour
Link America/Argentina/Cordoba America/Cordoba
Link America/Tijuana America/Ensenada
Link America/Indiana/Indianapolis America/Fort_Wayne
Link America/Noronha Brazil/DeNoronha
Link America/Sao_Paulo Brazil/East
Link America/Manaus Brazil/West
-Link America/Chicago CST6CDT
Link America/Halifax Canada/Atlantic
Link America/Winnipeg Canada/Central
Link America/Regina Canada/East-Saskatchewan
Link America/Santiago Chile/Continental
Link Pacific/Easter Chile/EasterIsland
Link America/Havana Cuba
-Link America/Panama EST
-Link America/New_York EST5EDT
Link Africa/Cairo Egypt
Link Europe/Dublin Eire
Link Europe/London Europe/Belfast
Link Etc/GMT GMT-0
Link Etc/GMT GMT0
Link Etc/GMT Greenwich
-Link Pacific/Honolulu HST
Link Asia/Hong_Kong Hongkong
Link Atlantic/Reykjavik Iceland
Link Asia/Tehran Iran
Link Asia/Tokyo Japan
Link Pacific/Kwajalein Kwajalein
Link Africa/Tripoli Libya
-Link America/Phoenix MST
-Link America/Denver MST7MDT
Link America/Tijuana Mexico/BajaNorte
Link America/Mazatlan Mexico/BajaSur
Link America/Mexico_City Mexico/General
Link Pacific/Chatham NZ-CHAT
Link America/Denver Navajo
Link Asia/Shanghai PRC
-Link America/Los_Angeles PST8PDT
Link Pacific/Pago_Pago Pacific/Samoa
Link Pacific/Truk Pacific/Yap
Link Europe/Warsaw Poland
-# @(#)etcetera 7.12
+# @(#)etcetera 8.1
-# $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/timezone/data/etcetera,v 1.3 2006/03/11 04:38:41 momjian Exp $
-#
# These entries are mostly present for historical reasons, so that
# people in areas not otherwise covered by the tz files could "zic -l"
# to a time zone that was right for their area. These days, the
-# @(#)europe 7.95
+# @(#)europe 8.5
+# <pre>
-# $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/timezone/data/europe,v 1.4 2006/03/11 04:38:41 momjian Exp $
-#
# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
-# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
-# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
-# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
+# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
+# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
#
# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
# of the IATA's data after 1990.
#
-# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1991,
-# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
+# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
+# entries through 1991, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
#
# Other sources occasionally used include:
#
# (Lords Hansard 11 June 1997 columns 964 to 976)
# </a>.
-# From Paul Eggert (2001-07-18):
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
#
-# For lack of other data, we'll follow Shanks for Eire in 1940-1948.
+# For lack of other data, follow Shanks & Pottenger for Eire in 1940-1948.
#
-# Given Ilieve and Myers's data, the following claims by Shanks are incorrect:
+# Given Ilieve and Myers's data, the following claims by Shanks & Pottenger
+# are incorrect:
# * Wales did not switch from GMT to daylight saving time until
# 1921 Apr 3, when they began to conform with the rest of Great Britain.
# Actually, Wales was identical after 1880.
# Actually, that date saw the usual switch to summer time.
# Standard time was not changed until 1968-10-27 (the clocks didn't change).
#
-# Here is another incorrect claim by Shanks:
+# Here is another incorrect claim by Shanks & Pottenger:
# * Jersey, Guernsey, and the Isle of Man did not switch from GMT
# to daylight saving time until 1921 Apr 3, when they began to
# conform with Great Britain.
# S.R.&O. 1916, No. 382 and HO 45/10811/312364 (quoted above) say otherwise.
#
-# The following claim by Shanks is possible though doubtful;
+# The following claim by Shanks & Pottenger is possible though doubtful;
# we'll ignore it for now.
# * Dublin's 1971-10-31 switch was at 02:00, even though London's was 03:00.
#
#
-# Whitman says Dublin Mean Time was -0:25:21, which is more precise than Shanks.
+# Whitman says Dublin Mean Time was -0:25:21, which is more precise than
+# Shanks & Pottenger.
# Perhaps this was Dunsink Observatory Time, as Dunsink Observatory
# (8 km NW of Dublin's center) seemingly was to Dublin as Greenwich was
# to London. For example:
# See EU for rules starting in 1996.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Europe/London -0:01:15 - LMT 1847 Dec 1
+Zone Europe/London -0:01:15 - LMT 1847 Dec 1 0:00s
0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27
1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u
0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996
0:00 EU GMT/BST
+Link Europe/London Europe/Jersey
+Link Europe/London Europe/Guernsey
+Link Europe/London Europe/Isle_of_Man
Zone Europe/Dublin -0:25:00 - LMT 1880 Aug 2
-0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00
-0:25:21 1:00 IST 1916 Oct 1 2:00s
Rule C-Eur 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00s 1:00 S
Rule C-Eur 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00s 0 -
Rule C-Eur 1944 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 S
-# Whitman gives 1944 Oct 7; go with Shanks.
+# Whitman gives 1944 Oct 7; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule C-Eur 1944 only - Oct 2 2:00s 0 -
Rule C-Eur 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S
Rule C-Eur 1977 only - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
# Austria
-# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-28): Shanks gives 1918-06-16 and
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): Shanks & Pottenger give 1918-06-16 and
# 1945-11-18, but the Austrian Federal Office of Metrology and
# Surveying (BEV) gives 1918-09-16 and for Vienna gives the "alleged"
# date of 1945-04-12 with no time. For the 1980-04-06 transition
-# Shanks gives 02:00, the BEV 00:00. Go with the BEV, and guess 02:00
-# for 1945-04-12.
+# Shanks & Pottenger give 02:00, the BEV 00:00. Go with the BEV,
+# and guess 02:00 for 1945-04-12.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Austria 1920 only - Apr 5 2:00s 1:00 S
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Bulg 1979 only - Mar 31 23:00 1:00 S
Rule Bulg 1979 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 -
-Rule Bulg 1980 1982 - Apr Sat<=7 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule Bulg 1980 1982 - Apr Sat>=1 23:00 1:00 S
Rule Bulg 1980 only - Sep 29 1:00 0 -
Rule Bulg 1981 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
# East Greenland and Franz Josef Land, but we don't know their time zones.
# My source for this is Wilhelm Dege's book mentioned under Svalbard.
#
-# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
# Greenland joined the EU as part of Denmark, obtained home rule on 1979-05-01,
# and left the EU on 1985-02-01. It therefore should have been using EU
-# rules at least through 1984. Shanks says Scoresbysund and Godthab
+# rules at least through 1984. Shanks & Pottenger say Scoresbysund and Godthab
# used C-Eur rules after 1980, but IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says they use EU
# rules since at least 1991. Assume EU rules since 1980.
# I heard back from someone stationed at Thule; the time change took place
# there at 2:00 AM.
-# From Paul Eggert (2001-11-19):
-# The 1997 CIA map shows Danmarkshavn on GMT; the 1995 map as like Godthab.
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# From 1997 on the CIA map shows Danmarkshavn on GMT;
+# the 1995 map as like Godthab.
# For lack of better info, assume they were like Godthab before 1996.
# startkart.no says Thule does not observe DST, but this is clearly an error,
-# so go with Shanks for all Thule transitions.
+# so go with Shanks & Pottenger for Thule transitions until this year.
+# For 2007 on assume Thule will stay in sync with US DST rules.
#
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule Thule 1993 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Thule 1993 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Thule 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Thule 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Thule 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Thule 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
#
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Danmarkshavn -1:14:40 - LMT 1916 Jul 28
-3:00 - WGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00
-3:00 EU WG%sT 1996
0:00 - GMT
-Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:29:00 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Ittoqqortoormiit
+Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:27:52 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Ittoqqortoormiit
-2:00 - CGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00
-2:00 C-Eur CG%sT 1981 Mar 29
-1:00 EU EG%sT
# Finland
#
-# From Hannu Strang (25 Sep 1994 06:03:37 UTC):
+# From Hannu Strang (1994-09-25 06:03:37 UTC):
# Well, here in Helsinki we're just changing from summer time to regular one,
# and it's supposed to change at 4am...
#
-# From Paul Eggert (25 Sep 1994):
-# Shanks says Finland has switched at 02:00 standard time since 1981.
-# Go with Strang instead.
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger say Finland has switched at 02:00 standard time
+# since 1981. Go with Strang instead.
#
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Finland 1942 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S
#
-# Shanks seems to use `24:00' ambiguously; we resolve it with Whitman.
+# Shank & Pottenger seem to use `24:00' ambiguously; resolve it with Whitman.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule France 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule France 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 -
Rule France 1922 only - Mar 25 23:00s 1:00 S
# DSH writes that a law of 1923-05-24 specified 3rd Sat in Apr at 23:00 to 1st
# Sat in Oct at 24:00; and that in 1930, because of Easter, the transitions
-# were Apr 12 and Oct 5. Go with Shanks.
+# were Apr 12 and Oct 5. Go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule France 1922 1938 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 -
Rule France 1923 only - May 26 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule France 1924 only - Mar 29 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule France 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule France 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 -
Rule France 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 S
-# The French rules for 1941-1944 were not used in Paris, but Shanks writes
-# that they were used in Monaco and in many French locations.
+# The French rules for 1941-1944 were not used in Paris, but Shanks & Pottenger
+# write that they were used in Monaco and in many French locations.
# Le Corre writes that the upper limit of the free zone was Arneguy, Orthez,
# Mont-de-Marsan, Bazas, Langon, Lamotte-Montravel, Marouil, La
# Rochefoucault, Champagne-Mouton, La Roche-Posay, La Haye-Decartes,
# Paray-le-Monial, Montceau-les-Mines, Chalons-sur-Saone, Arbois,
# Dole, Morez, St-Claude, and Collognes (Haute-Savioe).
Rule France 1941 only - May 5 0:00 2:00 M # Midsummer
-# Shanks says this transition occurred at Oct 6 1:00,
+# Shanks & Pottenger say this transition occurred at Oct 6 1:00,
# but go with Denis Excoffier (1997-12-12),
# who quotes the Ephemerides Astronomiques for 1998 from Bureau des Longitudes
# as saying 5/10/41 22hUT.
Rule France 1944 only - Oct 8 1:00 1:00 S
Rule France 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00 2:00 M
Rule France 1945 only - Sep 16 3:00 0 -
-# Shanks gives Mar 28 2:00 and Sep 26 3:00;
+# Shanks & Pottenger give Mar 28 2:00 and Sep 26 3:00;
# go with Excoffier's 28/3/76 0hUT and 25/9/76 23hUT.
Rule France 1976 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 S
Rule France 1976 only - Sep 26 1:00 0 -
-# Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time, and Whitman gives 0:09:05,
+# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time, and Whitman 0:09:05,
# but Howse quotes the actual French legislation as saying 0:09:21.
# Go with Howse. Howse writes that the time in France was officially based
# on PMT-0:09:21 until 1978-08-09, when the time base finally switched to UTC.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Paris 0:09:21 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01
0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Paris MT
-# Shanks gives 1940 Jun 14 0:00; go with Excoffier and Le Corre.
+# Shanks & Pottenger give 1940 Jun 14 0:00; go with Excoffier and Le Corre.
0:00 France WE%sT 1940 Jun 14 23:00
# Le Corre says Paris stuck with occupied-France time after the liberation;
-# go with Shanks.
+# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Aug 25
0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00
1:00 France CE%sT 1977
# Gibraltar
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Europe/Gibraltar -0:21:24 - LMT 1880 Aug 2
+Zone Europe/Gibraltar -0:21:24 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 0:00s
0:00 GB-Eire %s 1957 Apr 14 2:00
1:00 - CET 1982
1:00 EU CE%sT
# Greece
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-# Whitman gives 1932 Jul 5 - Nov 1; go with Shanks.
+# Whitman gives 1932 Jul 5 - Nov 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Greece 1932 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Greece 1932 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 -
-# Whitman gives 1941 Apr 25 - ?; go with Shanks.
+# Whitman gives 1941 Apr 25 - ?; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Greece 1941 only - Apr 7 0:00 1:00 S
-# Whitman gives 1942 Feb 2 - ?; go with Shanks.
+# Whitman gives 1942 Feb 2 - ?; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Greece 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 -
Rule Greece 1943 only - Mar 30 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Greece 1943 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 -
-# Whitman gives 1944 Oct 3 - Oct 31; go with Shanks.
+# Whitman gives 1944 Oct 3 - Oct 31; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Greece 1952 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Greece 1952 only - Nov 2 0:00 0 -
Rule Greece 1975 only - Apr 12 0:00s 1:00 S
2:00 Greece EE%sT 1941 Apr 30
1:00 Greece CE%sT 1944 Apr 4
2:00 Greece EE%sT 1981
- # Shanks says they switched to C-Eur in 1981;
+ # Shanks & Pottenger say it switched to C-Eur in 1981;
# go with EU instead, since Greece joined it on Jan 1.
2:00 EU EE%sT
# might be a reference to the Julian calendar as opposed to Gregorian, or it
# might mean something else (???).
#
-# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
-# The Iceland Almanak, Shanks and Whitman disagree on many points.
-# We go with the Almanak, except for one claim from Shanks, namely that
-# Reykavik was 21W57 from 1837 to 1908, local mean time before that.
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# The Iceland Almanak, Shanks & Pottenger, and Whitman disagree on many points.
+# We go with the Almanak, except for one claim from Shanks & Pottenger, namely
+# that Reykavik was 21W57 from 1837 to 1908, local mean time before that.
#
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Iceland 1917 1918 - Feb 19 23:00 1:00 S
# But these events all occurred before the 1970 cutoff,
# so record only the time in Rome.
#
-# From Paul Eggert (1996-05-06):
-# For Italian DST we have three sources: Shanks, Whitman, and F. Pollastri
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# For Italian DST we have three sources: Shanks & Pottenger, Whitman, and
+# F. Pollastri
# <a href="http://toi.iriti.cnr.it/uk/ienitlt.html">
-# Day-light Saving Time in Italy (1996-03-14)
+# Day-light Saving Time in Italy (2006-02-03)
# </a>
# (`FP' below), taken from an Italian National Electrotechnical Institute
# publication. When the three sources disagree, guess who's right, as follows:
#
-# year FP Shanks (S) Whitman (W) Go with:
+# year FP Shanks&P. (S) Whitman (W) Go with:
# 1916 06-03 06-03 24:00 06-03 00:00 FP & W
# 09-30 09-30 24:00 09-30 01:00 FP; guess 24:00s
# 1917 04-01 03-31 24:00 03-31 00:00 FP & S
Rule Italy 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00s 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Rome 0:49:56 - LMT 1866 Sep 22
- 0:49:56 - RMT 1893 Nov # Rome Mean Time
+ 0:49:56 - RMT 1893 Nov 1 0:00s # Rome Mean
1:00 Italy CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s
1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Jul
1:00 Italy CE%sT 1980
2:00 EU EE%sT
# Luxembourg
-# Whitman disagrees with most of these dates in minor ways; go with Shanks.
+# Whitman disagrees with most of these dates in minor ways;
+# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Lux 1916 only - May 14 23:00 1:00 S
Rule Lux 1916 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 -
Rule Malta 1975 1980 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
Rule Malta 1980 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Europe/Malta 0:58:04 - LMT 1893 Nov 2 # Valletta
+Zone Europe/Malta 0:58:04 - LMT 1893 Nov 2 0:00s # Valletta
1:00 Italy CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s
1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00s
1:00 Italy CE%sT 1973 Mar 31
# Moldova
-# From Paul Eggert (2001-02-11):
-# A previous version of this database followed Shanks, who writes that
-# Tiraspol switched to Moscow time on 1992-01-19 at 02:00.
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# A previous version of this database followed Shanks & Pottenger, who write
+# that Tiraspol switched to Moscow time on 1992-01-19 at 02:00.
# However, this is most likely an error, as Moldova declared independence
# on 1991-08-27 (the 1992-01-19 date is that of a Russian decree).
# In early 1992 there was large-scale interethnic violence in the area
2:00 EU EE%sT
# Monaco
-# Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's more precise 0:09:21.
+# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's
+# more precise 0:09:21.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1891 Mar 15
0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
1:00 EU CE%sT
# Norway
-# http://met.no/met/met_lex/q_u/sommertid.html (2004-01) agrees with Shanks.
+# http://met.no/met/met_lex/q_u/sommertid.html (2004-01) agrees with Shanks &
+# Pottenger.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Norway 1916 only - May 22 1:00 1:00 S
Rule Norway 1916 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Poland 1918 1919 - Sep 16 2:00s 0 -
Rule Poland 1919 only - Apr 15 2:00s 1:00 S
-# Whitman gives 1944 Nov 30; go with Shanks.
+Rule Poland 1944 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 S
+# Whitman gives 1944 Nov 30; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Poland 1944 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 -
-# For 1944-1948 Whitman gives the previous day; go with Shanks.
+# For 1944-1948 Whitman gives the previous day; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Poland 1945 only - Apr 29 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Poland 1945 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
# For 1946 on the source is Kazimierz Borkowski,
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
# DSH writes that despite Decree 1,469 (1915), the change to the clocks was not
# done every year, depending on what Spain did, because of railroad schedules.
-# Go with Shanks.
+# Go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Port 1916 only - Jun 17 23:00 1:00 S
-# Whitman gives 1916 Oct 31; go with Shanks.
+# Whitman gives 1916 Oct 31; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Port 1916 only - Nov 1 1:00 0 -
Rule Port 1917 only - Feb 28 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1917 1921 - Oct 14 23:00s 0 -
Rule Port 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1931 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 S
-# Whitman gives 1931 Oct 8; go with Shanks.
+# Whitman gives 1931 Oct 8; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Port 1931 1932 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 -
Rule Port 1932 only - Apr 2 23:00s 1:00 S
-# Shanks gives 1934 Apr 4; go with Whitman.
Rule Port 1934 only - Apr 7 23:00s 1:00 S
-# Whitman gives 1934 Oct 5; go with Shanks.
+# Whitman gives 1934 Oct 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Port 1934 1938 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 -
-# Shanks gives 1935 Apr 30; go with Whitman.
+# Shanks & Pottenger give 1935 Apr 30; go with Whitman.
Rule Port 1935 only - Mar 30 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1936 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 S
-# Whitman gives 1937 Apr 2; go with Shanks.
+# Whitman gives 1937 Apr 2; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Port 1937 only - Apr 3 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1938 only - Mar 26 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S
-# Whitman gives 1939 Oct 7; go with Shanks.
+# Whitman gives 1939 Oct 7; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Port 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 -
Rule Port 1940 only - Feb 24 23:00s 1:00 S
-# Shanks gives 1940 Oct 7; go with Whitman.
+# Shanks & Pottenger give 1940 Oct 7; go with Whitman.
Rule Port 1940 1941 - Oct 5 23:00s 0 -
Rule Port 1941 only - Apr 5 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1942 1945 - Mar Sat>=8 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1946 only - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 -
Rule Port 1947 1949 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1947 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
-# Shanks says DST was observed in 1950; go with Whitman.
-# Whitman gives Oct lastSun for 1952 on; go with Shanks.
+# Shanks & Pottenger say DST was observed in 1950; go with Whitman.
+# Whitman gives Oct lastSun for 1952 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Port 1951 1965 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1951 1965 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
Rule Port 1977 only - Mar 27 0:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1983 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-# Shanks says that the transition from LMT to WET occurred 1911-05-24;
+# Shanks & Pottenger say the transition from LMT to WET occurred 1911-05-24;
# Willett says 1912-01-01. Go with Willett.
Zone Europe/Lisbon -0:36:32 - LMT 1884
-0:36:32 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 # Lisbon Mean Time
# Russia
-# From Paul Eggert (1999-11-12):
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
# Except for Moscow after 1919-07-01, I invented the time zone abbreviations.
# Moscow time zone abbreviations after 1919-07-01, and Moscow rules after 1991,
-# are from Andrey A. Chernov. The rest is from Shanks, except we follow
-# Chernov's report that 1992 DST transitions were Sat 23:00, not Sun 02:00s.
+# are from Andrey A. Chernov. The rest is from Shanks & Pottenger,
+# except we follow Chernov's report that 1992 DST transitions were Sat
+# 23:00, not Sun 02:00s.
#
# From Stanislaw A. Kuzikowski (1994-06-29):
# But now it is some months since Novosibirsk is 3 hours ahead of Moscow!
2:00 Russia EE%sT
#
# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of]
-# Respublika Adygeya, Arkhangel'skaya oblast', Astrakhanskaya oblast',
+# Respublika Adygeya, Arkhangel'skaya oblast',
# Belgorodskaya oblast', Bryanskaya oblast', Vladimirskaya oblast',
-# Volgogradskaya oblast', Vologodskaya oblast', Voronezhskaya oblast',
+# Vologodskaya oblast', Voronezhskaya oblast',
# Respublika Dagestan, Ivanovskaya oblast', Respublika Ingushetiya,
# Kabarbino-Balkarskaya Respublika, Respublika Kalmykiya,
# Kalyzhskaya oblast', Respublika Karachaevo-Cherkessiya,
-# Respublika Kareliya, Kirovskaya oblast', Respublika Komi,
+# Respublika Kareliya, Respublika Komi,
# Kostromskaya oblast', Krasnodarskij kraj, Kurskaya oblast',
# Leningradskaya oblast', Lipetskaya oblast', Respublika Marij El,
# Respublika Mordoviya, Moskva, Moskovskaya oblast',
# Murmanskaya oblast', Nenetskij avtonomnyj okrug,
# Nizhegorodskaya oblast', Novgorodskaya oblast', Orlovskaya oblast',
# Penzenskaya oblast', Pskovskaya oblast', Rostovskaya oblast',
-# Ryazanskaya oblast', Sankt-Peterburg, Saratovskaya oblast',
+# Ryazanskaya oblast', Sankt-Peterburg,
# Respublika Severnaya Osetiya, Smolenskaya oblast',
# Stavropol'skij kraj, Tambovskaya oblast', Respublika Tatarstan,
# Tverskaya oblast', Tyl'skaya oblast', Ul'yanovskaya oblast',
2:00 Russia EE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
3:00 Russia MSK/MSD
#
+# Astrakhanskaya oblast', Kirovskaya oblast', Saratovskaya oblast',
+# Volgogradskaya oblast'. Shanks & Pottenger say Kirov is still at +0400
+# but Wikipedia (2006-05-09) says +0300. Perhaps it switched after the
+# others? But we have no data.
+Zone Europe/Volgograd 2:57:40 - LMT 1920 Jan 3
+ 3:00 - TSAT 1925 Apr 6 # Tsaritsyn Time
+ 3:00 - STAT 1930 Jun 21 # Stalingrad Time
+ 4:00 - STAT 1961 Nov 11
+ 4:00 Russia VOL%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Volgograd T
+ 3:00 Russia VOL%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 4:00 - VOLT 1992 Mar 29 2:00s
+ 3:00 Russia VOL%sT
+#
# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of]
# Samarskaya oblast', Udmyrtskaya respublika
Zone Europe/Samara 3:20:36 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 2:00
- 3:00 - KUYT 1930 Jun 21 # Kuybyshev
- 4:00 Russia KUY%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s
+ 3:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21
+ 4:00 - SAMT 1935 Jan 27
+ 4:00 Russia KUY%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Kuybyshev
3:00 Russia KUY%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2:00 Russia KUY%sT 1991 Sep 29 2:00s
3:00 - KUYT 1991 Oct 20 3:00
5:00 Russia OMS%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
6:00 Russia OMS%sT
#
-# Novosibirskaya oblast'.
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-08-19): I'm guessing about Tomsk here; it's
+# not clear when it switched from +7 to +6.
+# Novosibirskaya oblast', Tomskaya oblast'.
Zone Asia/Novosibirsk 5:31:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 14 6:00
6:00 - NOVT 1930 Jun 21 # Novosibirsk Time
7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
6:00 Russia NOV%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
- 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1993 May 23 # says Shanks
+ 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1993 May 23 # say Shanks & P.
6:00 Russia NOV%sT
#
# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of]
# Kemerovskaya oblast', Krasnoyarskij kraj,
-# Tajmyrskij (Dolgano-Nenetskij) avtonomnyj okrug, Tomskaya oblast',
+# Tajmyrskij (Dolgano-Nenetskij) avtonomnyj okrug,
# Respublika Tuva, Respublika Khakasiya, Evenkijskij avtonomnyj okrug.
Zone Asia/Krasnoyarsk 6:11:20 - LMT 1920 Jan 6
6:00 - KRAT 1930 Jun 21 # Krasnoyarsk Time
1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s
# Metod Kozelj reports that the legal date of
# transition to EU rules was 1982-11-27, for all of Yugoslavia at the time.
-# Shanks doesn't give as much detail, so go with Kozelj.
+# Shanks & Pottenger don't give as much detail, so go with Kozelj.
1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27
1:00 EU CE%sT
Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Ljubljana # Slovenia
# Spain
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-# For 1917-1919 Whitman gives Apr Sat>=1 - Oct Sat>=1; go with Shanks.
+# For 1917-1919 Whitman gives Apr Sat>=1 - Oct Sat>=1;
+# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Spain 1917 only - May 5 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Spain 1917 1919 - Oct 6 23:00s 0 -
Rule Spain 1918 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Spain 1919 only - Apr 5 23:00s 1:00 S
-# Whitman gives 1921 Feb 28 - Oct 14; go with Shanks.
+# Whitman gives 1921 Feb 28 - Oct 14; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Spain 1924 only - Apr 16 23:00s 1:00 S
-# Whitman gives 1924 Oct 14; go with Shanks.
+# Whitman gives 1924 Oct 14; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Spain 1924 only - Oct 4 23:00s 0 -
Rule Spain 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00s 1:00 S
-# Whitman says no DST in 1929; go with Shanks.
+# Whitman says no DST in 1929; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Spain 1926 1929 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 -
Rule Spain 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Spain 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Spain 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00s 1:00 S
-# Whitman gives 1937 Jun 16, 1938 Apr 16, 1940 Apr 13; go with Shanks.
+# Whitman gives 1937 Jun 16, 1938 Apr 16, 1940 Apr 13;
+# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Spain 1937 only - May 22 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Spain 1937 1939 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 -
Rule Spain 1938 only - Mar 22 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Spain 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Spain 1940 only - Mar 16 23:00s 1:00 S
-# Whitman says no DST 1942-1945; go with Shanks.
+# Whitman says no DST 1942-1945; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Spain 1942 only - May 2 22:00s 2:00 M # Midsummer
Rule Spain 1942 only - Sep 1 22:00s 1:00 S
Rule Spain 1943 1946 - Apr Sat>=13 22:00s 2:00 M
Rule SpainAfrica 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule SpainAfrica 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Europe/Madrid -0:14:44 - LMT 1901
+Zone Europe/Madrid -0:14:44 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 0:00s
0:00 Spain WE%sT 1946 Sep 30
1:00 Spain CE%sT 1979
1:00 EU CE%sT
# Sweden
-# From Ivan Nilsson (2001-04-13), superseding Shanks:
+# From Ivan Nilsson (2001-04-13), superseding Shanks & Pottenger:
#
# The law "Svensk forfattningssamling 1878, no 14" about standard time in 1879:
# From the beginning of 1879 (that is 01-01 00:00) the time for all
# From Whitman (who writes ``Midnight?''):
Rule Swiss 1940 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Swiss 1940 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 -
-# From Shanks:
+# From Shanks & Pottenger:
Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Rule Turkey 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 -
Rule Turkey 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Turkey 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
-# Whitman gives 1923 Apr 28 - Sep 16 and no DST in 1924-1925; go with Shanks.
+# Whitman gives 1923 Apr 28 - Sep 16 and no DST in 1924-1925;
+# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Turkey 1924 only - May 13 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Turkey 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Turkey 1925 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Turkey 1940 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Turkey 1941 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 -
Rule Turkey 1942 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
-# Whitman omits the next two transition and gives 1945 Oct 1; go with Shanks.
+# Whitman omits the next two transition and gives 1945 Oct 1;
+# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Turkey 1942 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Turkey 1945 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Turkey 1945 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990
3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00
2:00 - EET 1992
-# From Paul Eggert (1999-11-12):
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
# The _Economist_ (1994-05-28, p 45) reports that central Crimea switched
# from Kiev to Moscow time sometime after the January 1994 elections.
-# Shanks says ``date of change uncertain'', but implies that it happened
-# sometime between the 1994 DST switches. For now, guess it changed in May.
+# Shanks (1999) says ``date of change uncertain'', but implies that it happened
+# sometime between the 1994 DST switches. Shanks & Pottenger simply say
+# 1994-09-25 03:00, but that can't be right. For now, guess it
+# changed in May.
2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1994 May
# From IATA SSIM (1994/1997), which also says that Kerch is still like Kiev.
3:00 E-Eur MSK/MSD 1996 Mar 31 3:00s
-# @(#)factory 7.3
-
-# $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/timezone/data/factory,v 1.2 2006/03/11 04:38:41 momjian Exp $
+# @(#)factory 8.1
# For companies who don't want to put time zone specification in
# their installation procedures. When users run date, they'll get the message.
# ISO 3166 alpha-2 country codes
#
-# $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/timezone/data/iso3166.tab,v 1.4 2006/03/11 04:38:41 momjian Exp $
+# @(#)iso3166.tab 8.2
#
-# @(#)iso3166.tab 1.17
-#
-# From Paul Eggert (2004-06-14):
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-24):
#
# This file contains a table with the following columns:
# 1. ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code, current as of
-# ISO 3166-1 Newsletter No. V-10 (2004-04-26). See:
+# ISO 3166-1 Newsletter No. V-11 (2006-03-29). See:
# <a href="http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/index.html">
# ISO 3166 Maintenance agency (ISO 3166/MA)
# </a>.
GD Grenada
GE Georgia
GF French Guiana
+GG Guernsey
GH Ghana
GI Gibraltar
GL Greenland
ID Indonesia
IE Ireland
IL Israel
+IM Isle of Man
IN India
IO British Indian Ocean Territory
IQ Iraq
IR Iran
IS Iceland
IT Italy
+JE Jersey
JM Jamaica
JO Jordan
JP Japan
-# @(#)leapseconds 7.20
+# @(#)leapseconds 8.1
# Allowance for leapseconds added to each timezone file.
-# $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/timezone/data/leapseconds,v 1.4 2006/03/11 04:38:41 momjian Exp $
-
# The International Earth Rotation Service periodically uses leap seconds
# to keep UTC to within 0.9 s of UT1
# (which measures the true angular orientation of the earth in space); see
-# @(#)northamerica 7.79
+# @(#)northamerica 8.8
+# <pre>
+
# also includes Central America and the Caribbean
# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
# That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.
# See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).
-# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
# A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
# Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
# Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
-# It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US and Puerto Rico entries below.
+# It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US entries below.
# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
# Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
Rule US 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
Rule US 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
+# From Arthur David Olson, 2005-12-19
+# We generate the files specified below to guard against old files with
+# obsolete information being left in the time zone binary directory.
+# We limit the list to names that have appeared in previous versions of
+# this time zone package.
+# We do these as separate Zones rather than as Links to avoid problems if
+# a particular place changes whether it observes DST.
+# We put these specifications here in the northamerica file both to
+# increase the chances that they'll actually get compiled and to
+# avoid the need to duplicate the US rules in another file.
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone EST -5:00 - EST
+Zone MST -7:00 - MST
+Zone HST -10:00 - HST
+Zone EST5EDT -5:00 US E%sT
+Zone CST6CDT -6:00 US C%sT
+Zone MST7MDT -7:00 US M%sT
+Zone PST8PDT -8:00 US P%sT
+
# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
# ...Alaska (and Hawaii) had the timezone names changed in 1967.
# old new
# Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced the abbreviation
# "Chamorro Standard Time" for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas.
# See the file "australasia".
-
+
# From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09
# The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.
#
# and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their
# reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.
+# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26):
+# According to today's Huntsville Times
+# <http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1>
+# a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City
+# in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County,
+# set their watches and clocks on Eastern time." It quotes H.H. "Bubba"
+# Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central
+# time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work
+# in Columbus."
+
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
# Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
# western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
+# From Larry M. Smith (2006-04-26) re Wisconsin:
+# http://www.legis.state.wi.us/statutes/Stat0175.pdf ...
+# is currently enforced at the 01:00 time of change. Because the local
+# "bar time" in the state corresponds to 02:00, a number of citations
+# are issued for the "sale of class 'B' alcohol after prohibited
+# hours" within the deviated hour of this change every year....
+
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:48
-7:00 US M%sT 1992 Oct 25 02:00
-6:00 US C%sT
+# Morton County, ND, switched from mountain to central time on
+# 2003-10-26, except for the area around Mandan which was already central time.
+# See <http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/p63/135818.pdf>.
+# Officially this switch also included part of Sioux County, and
+# Jones, Mellette, and Todd Counties in South Dakota;
+# but in practice these other counties were already observing central time.
+# See <http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2003/October/Day-28/i27056.htm>.
+Zone America/North_Dakota/New_Salem -6:45:39 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:21
+ -7:00 US M%sT 2003 Oct 26 02:00
+ -6:00 US C%sT
# US mountain time, represented by Denver
#
Zone America/Anchorage 14:00:24 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
-9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
-10:00 - CAT 1942
- -10:00 US CAT/CAWT 1946
+ -10:00 US CAT/CAWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
+ -10:00 US CAT/CAPT 1946 # Peace
-10:00 - CAT 1967 Apr
-10:00 - AHST 1969
-10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
# For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
# <a href="http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html">
# What time is it in Indiana?
-# </a> (2005-05-03)
+# </a> (2006-03-01)
#
-# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-22):
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
# Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,
# with the following exceptions:
#
# - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like
# America/Kentucky/Louisville.
#
-# - Crawford, Starke, and Switzerland counties have their own time zone
+# - Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, and Pulaski counties
+# have been like America/Indiana/Vincennes.
+#
+# - Crawford, Pike, Starke, and Switzerland counties have their own time zone
# histories as noted below.
#
-# Shanks partitions Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
-# and writes ``Even newspaper reports present contradictory information.''
+# Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
+# and wrote ``Even newspaper reports present contradictory information.''
+# Those Hoosiers! Such a flighty and changeable people!
# Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
#
# Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
# So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory `America/Indiana'.
# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-16):
-# http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html says that Indiana will use DST starting 2006,
-# and that many counties may switch either to Central or to Eastern time.
-# The county-by-county decisions have not been made yet, so for now assume
-# that no counties will switch: this assumption is most likely wrong,
-# but it's the best we can do for now.
+# http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html says that Indiana will use DST starting 2006.
+
+# From Nathan Stratton Treadway (2006-03-30):
+# http://www.dot.gov/affairs/dot0406.htm [3705 B]
+# From Deborah Goldsmith (2006-01-18):
+# http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/pdf95/382329_web.pdf [2.9 MB]
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-01-20):
+# It says "DOT is relocating the time zone boundary in Indiana to move Starke,
+# Pulaski, Knox, Daviess, Martin, Pike, Dubois, and Perry Counties from the
+# Eastern Time Zone to the Central Time Zone.... The effective date of
+# this rule is 2:OO a.m. EST Sunday, April 2, 2006, which is the
+# changeover date from standard time to Daylight Saving Time."
+# Strictly speaking, this means the affected counties will change their
+# clocks twice that night, but this obviously is in error. The intent
+# is that 01:59:59 EST be followed by 02:00:00 CDT.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D
-5:00 - EST 2006
-5:00 US E%sT
#
-# Part of Crawford County, Indiana, last observed DST in 1975,
-# and left its clocks alone in 1974.
+# Eastern Crawford County, Indiana, left its clocks alone in 1974,
+# as well as from 1976 through 2005.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
Rule Marengo 1951 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Marengo 1951 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
-5:00 - EST 2006
-5:00 US E%sT
#
-# Starke County, Indiana
+# Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, and Pulaski Counties, Indiana,
+# switched from eastern to central time in April 2006.
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
+Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Vincennes 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Vincennes 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Vincennes 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Vincennes 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Vincennes 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Vincennes 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Vincennes 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Indiana/Vincennes -5:50:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:53
+ -6:00 US C%sT 1946
+ -6:00 Vincennes C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
+ -5:00 - EST 1969
+ -5:00 US E%sT 1971
+ -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
+ -6:00 US C%sT
+#
+# Pike County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1977,
+# then switched back in 2006.
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
+Rule Pike 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Pike 1955 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Pike 1956 1964 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Pike 1961 1964 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Indiana/Petersburg -5:49:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:10:53
+ -6:00 US C%sT 1955
+ -6:00 Pike C%sT 1965 Apr 25 2:00
+ -5:00 - EST 1966 Oct 30 2:00
+ -6:00 US C%sT 1977 Oct 30 2:00
+ -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
+ -6:00 US C%sT
+#
+# Starke County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1991,
+# then switched back in 2006.
# From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
# An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
# notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
-6:00 Starke C%sT 1962 Apr 29 2:00
-5:00 - EST 1963 Oct 27 2:00
-6:00 US C%sT 1991 Oct 27 2:00
- -5:00 - EST 2006
- -5:00 US E%sT
+ -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
+ -6:00 US C%sT
#
-# Switzerland County, Indiana, last observed DST in 1972.
+# Switzerland County, Indiana, did not observe DST from 1973 through 2005.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:19:44
-6:00 US C%sT 1954 Apr 25 2:00
-6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
-5:00 US E%sT
#
-# Wayne, Clinton, and Russell Counties, Kentucky
+# Wayne County, Kentucky
#
# From
# <a href="http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml">
-5:00 - EST 1975 Apr 27 2:00
-5:00 US E%sT
#
-# The Michigan border with Wisconsin switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
+# Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron, and Menominee Counties, Michigan,
+# switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
Rule Menominee 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Menominee 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
################################################################################
-# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
-# A good source for time zone historical data outside the US is
-# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
-# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
+# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
+# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
#
# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
# of the IATA's data after 1990.
#
-# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
-# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
+# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
+# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
#
# Other sources occasionally used include:
#
# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22):
# Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
-# Unless otherwise specified, the data for Canada are all from Shanks.
-
-# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
+# Unless otherwise specified, the data for Canada are all from Shanks
+# & Pottenger.
+
+# From Chris Walton (2006-04-01):
+# The British Columbia government announced yesterday that it will
+# adjust daylight savings next year to align with changes in the
+# U.S. and the rest of Canada....
+# http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2005-2009/2006AG0014-000330.htm
+
+# From Chris Walton (2006-04-25):
+# Daylight saving time will be extended by four weeks starting in 2007....
+# Here is a news release which was issued today by the Nova Scotia government:
+# http://www.gov.ns.ca/news/details.asp?id=20060425004
+
+# From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
+# [For New Brunswick] the new legislation dictates that the time change is to
+# be done at 02:00 instead of 00:01.
+# http://www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/BBA-2006/Chap-19.pdf
+# ...
+# Manitoba has traditionally changed the clock every fall at 03:00.
+# As of 2006, the transition is to take place one hour earlier at 02:00.
+# http://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/o030e.php
+# ...
+# [Alberta, Ontario, Quebec] will follow US rules.
+# http://www.qp.gov.ab.ca/documents/Acts/2006CH03_UNPR.cfm?frm_isbn=0779744934
+# http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Source/Regs/English/2006/R06111_e.htm
+# http://www.assnat.qc.ca/eng/37legislature2/Projets-loi/Publics/06-a002.htm
+# ...
+# P.E.I. will follow US rules. The new legislation is not law yet.
+# It passed first reading on April 20....
+# http://www.assembly.pe.ca/bills/pdf_first/62/3/bill-101.pdf
+# ...
+# Province of Newfoundland and Labrador.... The change is being considered.
+# http://www.releases.gov.nl.ca/releases/2006/mpa/0331n01.htm
+# ...
+# N.W.T. will follow US rules. Whoever maintains the government web site
+# does not seem to believe in bookmarks. To see the news release, click the
+# following link and search for "Daylight Savings Time Change". Press the
+# "Daylight Savings Time Change" link; it will fire off a popup using
+# JavaScript.
+# http://www.exec.gov.nt.ca/currentnews/currentPR.asp?mode=archive
+
+
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25):
# H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
-# <a href="http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/SO98/geomap.htm">
+# <a href="http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp">
# "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
# </a> contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
# time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
#
-# INMS, the Institute for National Measurement Standards in Ottawa, has
-# <a href="http://www.nrc.ca/inms/time/tze.html">
+# INMS, the Institute for National Measurement Standards in Ottawa, has <a
+# href="http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/en/time_services/daylight_saving_e.php">
# information about standard and daylight saving time zones in Canada.
# </a> (updated periodically).
# Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
+# For now, assume all of DST-observing Canada will fall into line with the
+# new US DST rules,
+
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
Rule Canada 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Canada 1974 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule Canada 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Canada 1974 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Canada 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Canada 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Canada 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
-# Newfoundland (and far southeast Labrador)
+# Newfoundland and Labrador
# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Labrador should use NST/NDT,
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule StJohns 1917 only - Apr 8 2:00 1:00 D
Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S
-# Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks.
+# Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D
Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S
-# For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks.
+# For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D
Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S
-# For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks.
+# For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks &
+# Pottenger.
Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Mon>=9 0:00 1:00 D
Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Mon>=2 0:00 0 S
# Whitman gives the following transitions:
# 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07
-# but go with Shanks and assume they used Canadian rules.
+# but go with Shanks & Pottenger and assume they used Canadian rules.
# For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
-# Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks.
+# Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S
Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
# INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
# at 00:01 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
-Rule StJohns 1987 max - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
+Rule StJohns 1987 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 2:00 DD
-Rule StJohns 1989 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
+Rule StJohns 1989 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
+Rule StJohns 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 0:01 1:00 D
+Rule StJohns 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 0:01 0 S
+#
# St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884
-4:00 StJohns A%sT
-# west Labrador, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
+# west Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
-# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
-# Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Halifax.
-# Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has been like
+# Halifax. Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
# Glace Bay, NS is the largest that we know of.
-# Shanks also writes that Liverpool, NS was the only town in Canada to observe
-# DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume this is a typo.
-
-# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
-# INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, New Brunswick switches
-# at 00:01 local time. FIXME: verify and create a new Zone for this.
-
+# Shanks & Pottenger also write that Liverpool, NS was the only town
+# in Canada to observe DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume
+# this is a typo.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
-Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S
-Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Halifax 1921 1922 - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
-Rule Halifax 1922 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Halifax 1923 1925 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Halifax 1923 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S
-Rule Halifax 1924 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
-Rule Halifax 1925 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S
-Rule Halifax 1926 only - May 16 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Halifax 1926 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
-Rule Halifax 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Halifax 1927 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
-Rule Halifax 1928 1931 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Halifax 1928 only - Sep 9 0:00 0 S
-Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
-Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
-Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
-Rule Halifax 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
-Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Halifax 1934 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
-Rule Halifax 1935 only - Jun 2 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Halifax 1935 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
-Rule Halifax 1936 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Halifax 1936 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
-Rule Halifax 1937 1938 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
-Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1921 1922 - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1922 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1923 1925 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1923 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1924 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1925 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1926 only - May 16 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1926 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1927 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1928 1931 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1928 only - Sep 9 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1934 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1935 only - Jun 2 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1935 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1936 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1936 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1937 1938 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
-4:00 Halifax A%sT 1918
-4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
-4:00 Canada A%sT
+# New Brunswick
-# Ontario, Quebec
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-01-20):
+# New Brunswick's Time Definition Act
+# <http://www.gnb.ca/0062/PDF-acts/t-06.pdf> says they change at 00:01, and
+# <http://www.canlii.org/nb/laws/sta/t-6/20030127/whole.html> makes it
+# clear that this has been the case since at least 1993.
+# For now, assume it started in 1993.
-# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
-# Shanks writes that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like Toronto,
-# and most of Quebec has been like Montreal.
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Jun Sun>=8 1:00 1:00 D
+Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Sep Sun>=8 1:00 0 S
+Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Jun Sun>=1 1:00 1:00 D
+Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Sep Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
+Rule Moncton 1939 only - May 27 1:00 1:00 D
+Rule Moncton 1939 1941 - Sep Sat>=21 1:00 0 S
+Rule Moncton 1940 only - May 19 1:00 1:00 D
+Rule Moncton 1941 only - May 4 1:00 1:00 D
+Rule Moncton 1946 1972 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Moncton 1946 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Moncton 1957 1972 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
+Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Moncton -4:19:08 - LMT 1883 Dec 9
+ -5:00 - EST 1902 Jun 15
+ -4:00 Canada A%sT 1933
+ -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1942
+ -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
+ -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1973
+ -4:00 Canada A%sT 1993
+ -4:00 Moncton A%sT 2007
+ -4:00 Canada A%sT
+
+# Quebec
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
+# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Quebec has been
+# like Montreal.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
+# Matthews and Vincent (1998) also write that Quebec east of the -63
+# meridian is supposed to observe AST, but residents as far east as
+# Natashquan use EST/EDT, and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
+# In "Official time in Quebec" the Quebec department of justice writes in
+# http://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/english/publications/generale/temps-regl-1-a.htm
+# that "The residents of the Municipality of the
+# Cote-Nord-du-Golfe-Saint-Laurent and the municipalities of Saint-Augustin,
+# Bonne-Esperance and Blanc-Sablon apply the Official Time Act as it is
+# written and use Atlantic standard time all year round. The same applies to
+# the residents of the Native facilities along the lower North Shore."
+# <http://www.assnat.qc.ca/eng/37legislature2/Projets-loi/Publics/06-a002.htm>
+# says this common practice was codified into law as of 2007.
+# For lack of better info, guess this practice began around 1970, contra to
+# Shanks & Pottenger who have this region observing AST/ADT.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Mont 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mont 1917 only - Apr 24 0:00 0 S
+Rule Mont 1919 only - Mar 31 2:30 1:00 D
+Rule Mont 1919 only - Oct 25 2:30 0 S
+Rule Mont 1920 only - May 2 2:30 1:00 D
+Rule Mont 1920 1922 - Oct Sun>=1 2:30 0 S
+Rule Mont 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mont 1922 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mont 1924 only - May 17 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mont 1924 1926 - Sep lastSun 2:30 0 S
+Rule Mont 1925 1926 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+# The 1927-to-1937 rules can be expressed more simply as
+# Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Apr lastSat 24:00 1:00 D
+# Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Sep lastSat 24:00 0 S
+# The rules below avoid use of 24:00
+# (which pre-1998 versions of zic cannot handle).
+Rule Mont 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mont 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
+Rule Mont 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mont 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mont 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mont 1933 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
+Rule Mont 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
+Rule Mont 1946 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mont 1945 1948 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Mont 1949 1950 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Mont 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Mont 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Blanc-Sablon -3:48:28 - LMT 1884
+ -4:00 Canada A%sT 1970
+ -4:00 - AST
+Zone America/Montreal -4:54:16 - LMT 1884
+ -5:00 Mont E%sT 1918
+ -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
+ -5:00 Mont E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
+ -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
+ -5:00 Mont E%sT 1974
+ -5:00 Canada E%sT
+
+
+# Ontario
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
+# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
+# Toronto.
# Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
# Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
# Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
# says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
# Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
# concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
-# For what it's worth, Shanks says that Atikokan has agreed with
-# Rainy River ever since standard time was introduced.
-
+#
# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
# New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
# CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
# violation of the official Ontario rules.
-# They also write that Quebec east of the -63 meridian is supposed to
-# observe AST, but residents as far east as Natashquan use EST/EDT,
-# and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
-# We probably need Zones for far east Quebec and for Atikokan,
-# but we don't know when their practices started.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
+# Chris Walton (2006-07-06) mentioned an article by Stephanie MacLellan in the
+# 2005-07-21 Chronicle-Journal, which said:
+#
+# The clocks in Atikokan stay set on standard time year-round.
+# This means they spend about half the time on central time and
+# the other half on eastern time.
+#
+# For the most part, the system works, Mayor Dennis Brown said.
+#
+# "The majority of businesses in Atikokan deal more with Eastern
+# Canada, but there are some that deal with Western Canada," he
+# said. "I don't see any changes happening here."
+#
+# Walton also writes "Supposedly Pickle Lake and Mishkeegogamang
+# [New Osnaburgh] follow the same practice."
-# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-Rule Mont 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Mont 1917 only - Apr 24 0:00 0 S
-Rule Mont 1919 only - Mar 31 2:30 1:00 D
-Rule Mont 1919 only - Oct 25 2:30 0 S
-Rule Mont 1920 only - May 2 2:30 1:00 D
-Rule Mont 1920 1922 - Oct Sun>=1 2:30 0 S
-Rule Mont 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Mont 1922 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Mont 1924 only - May 17 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Mont 1924 1926 - Sep lastSun 2:30 0 S
-Rule Mont 1925 1926 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
-# The 1927-to-1937 rules can be expressed more simply as
-# Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Apr lastSat 24:00 1:00 D
-# Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Sep lastSat 24:00 0 S
-# The rules below avoid use of 24:00
-# (which pre-1998 versions of zic cannot handle).
-Rule Mont 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Mont 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
-Rule Mont 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Mont 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Mont 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Mont 1933 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
-Rule Mont 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
-Rule Mont 1946 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Mont 1945 1948 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule Mont 1949 1950 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule Mont 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule Mont 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+# From Garry McKinnon (2006-07-14) via Chris Walton:
+# I chatted with a member of my board who has an outstanding memory
+# and a long history in Atikokan (and in the telecom industry) and he
+# can say for certain that Atikokan has been practicing the current
+# time keeping since 1952, at least.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-07-17):
+# Shanks & Pottenger say that Atikokan has agreed with Rainy River
+# ever since standard time was introduced, but the information from
+# McKinnon sounds more authoritative. For now, assume that Atikokan
+# switched to EST immediately after WWII era daylight saving time
+# ended. This matches the old (less-populous) America/Coral_Harbour
+# entry since our cutoff date of 1970, so we can move
+# America/Coral_Harbour to the 'backward' file.
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Toronto 1919 only - Mar 30 23:30 1:00 D
Rule Toronto 1919 only - Oct 26 0:00 0 S
Rule Toronto 1920 only - May 2 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Toronto 1921 only - May 15 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Toronto 1921 only - Sep 15 2:00 0 S
Rule Toronto 1922 1923 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
-# Shanks says 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16" was meant.
+# Shanks & Pottenger say 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16"
+# was meant.
Rule Toronto 1922 1926 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 S
Rule Toronto 1924 1927 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
# The 1927-to-1939 rules can be expressed more simply as
Rule Toronto 1950 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Toronto 1950 only - Nov lastSun 2:00 0 S
Rule Toronto 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
-# Shanks says Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971, namely on 1971-10-24,
-# but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that he checked the 1971-10-30 issue
-# of the Toronto Star, and it said that DST ended 1971-10-31 as usual.
+# Shanks & Pottenger say Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971,
+# namely on 1971-10-24, but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that this
+# is wrong, and that he had confirmed it by checking the 1971-10-30
+# Toronto Star, which said that DST was ending 1971-10-31 as usual.
Rule Toronto 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
# From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
# months for the remainder of the war years.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone America/Montreal -4:54:16 - LMT 1884
- -5:00 Mont E%sT 1918
- -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
- -5:00 Mont E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
- -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
- -5:00 Mont E%sT 1974
- -5:00 Canada E%sT
Zone America/Toronto -5:17:32 - LMT 1895
-5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
-5:00 Toronto E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
-5:00 Canada E%sT 1940 Sep 29
-5:00 1:00 EDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
-5:00 Canada E%sT
-Zone America/Rainy_River -6:17:56 - LMT 1895
+Zone America/Rainy_River -6:18:16 - LMT 1895
-6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
-6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
-6:00 Canada C%sT
+Zone America/Atikokan -6:06:28 - LMT 1895
+ -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
+ -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
+ -6:00 Canada C%sT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
+ -5:00 - EST
# Manitoba
+# From Rob Douglas (2006-04-06):
+# the old Manitoba Time Act - as amended by Bill 2, assented to
+# March 27, 1987 ... said ...
+# "between two o'clock Central Standard Time in the morning of
+# the first Sunday of April of each year and two o'clock Central
+# Standard Time in the morning of the last Sunday of October next
+# following, one hour in advance of Central Standard Time."...
+# I believe that the English legislation [of the old time act] had =
+# been assented to (March 22, 1967)....
+# Also, as far as I can tell, there was no order-in-council varying
+# the time of Daylight Saving Time for 2005 and so the provisions of
+# the 1987 version would apply - the changeover was at 2:00 Central
+# Standard Time (i.e. not until 3:00 Central Daylight Time).
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-10):
+# Shanks & Pottenger say Manitoba switched at 02:00 (not 02:00s)
+# starting 1966. Since 02:00s is clearly correct for 1967 on, assume
+# it was also 02:00s in 1966.
+
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Winn 1916 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Winn 1916 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 S
Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S
-Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule Winn 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
-# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
-# INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Manitoba switches from
-# DST at 03:00 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
-Rule Winn 1987 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 S
+Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
+Rule Winn 1966 2005 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 S
+Rule Winn 1987 2005 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16
- -6:00 Winn C%sT
+ -6:00 Winn C%sT 2006
+ -6:00 Canada C%sT
# Saskatchewan
# Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the
# City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."
-# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
-# Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Regina.
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger say that since 1970 this region has mostly been as Regina.
# Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
# Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
# rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
# since sometime in the 1960s.
+# From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
+# The Saskatchewan time act which was last updated in 1996 is about 30 pages
+# long and rather painful to read.
+# http://www.qp.gov.sk.ca/documents/English/Statutes/Statutes/T14.pdf
+
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Regina 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Regina 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
Rule Edm 1969 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Edm 1969 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
Rule Edm 1972 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Edm 1972 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule Edm 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Edm 1972 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep
- -7:00 Edm M%sT
+ -7:00 Edm M%sT 1987
+ -7:00 Canada M%sT
# British Columbia
-# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
-# Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Vancouver.
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has
+# been like Vancouver.
# Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
Rule Vanc 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Vanc 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
Rule Vanc 1947 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule Vanc 1962 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule Vanc 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Vanc 1962 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884
- -8:00 Vanc P%sT
+ -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1987
+ -8:00 Canada P%sT
Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT 1884
-8:00 Canada P%sT 1947
-8:00 Vanc P%sT 1972 Aug 30 2:00
# Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
-# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
# Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
# Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
# * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
# * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
# * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
# * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
-# Shanks says Yukon's 1973-10-28 switch was at 2:00; go with Englander.
+# Shanks & Pottenger say Yukon's 1973-10-28 switch was at 2:00; go
+# with Englander.
+# From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
+# Here is a link to the old daylight saving portion of the interpretation
+# act which was last updated in 1987:
+# http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic1987_056.pdf
# From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
# Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
# For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed
# daylight saving only during wartime.
+# From Chris Walton (2006-07-19):
+# The government of Yukon Territory ... recently announced it will extend
+# daylight saving in 2007.... http://www.gov.yk.ca/news/2006/06-164.html
+
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD
Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
Rule NT_YK 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule NT_YK 1980 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule NT_YK 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule NT_YK 1980 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule NT_YK 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Pangnirtung -4:22:56 - LMT 1884
-4:00 NT_YK A%sT 1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00
-5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
-6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
-5:00 Canada E%sT
-Zone America/Coral_Harbour -5:32:40 - LMT 1884
- -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1946
- -5:00 - EST
-Zone America/Rankin_Inlet -6:08:40 - LMT 1884
+# Now subsumed by America/Atikokan.
+#Zone America/Coral_Harbour -5:32:40 - LMT 1884
+# -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1946
+# -5:00 - EST
+Zone America/Rankin_Inlet -6:08:20 - LMT 1884
-6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
-5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
-6:00 Canada C%sT
-6:00 - CST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
-7:00 Canada M%sT
Zone America/Yellowknife -7:37:24 - LMT 1884
- -7:00 NT_YK M%sT
-Zone America/Inuvik -8:54:00 - LMT 1884
+ -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
+ -7:00 Canada M%sT
+Zone America/Inuvik -8:54:52 - LMT 1884
-8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1979 Apr lastSun 2:00
- -7:00 NT_YK M%sT
+ -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
+ -7:00 Canada M%sT
Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
-9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1966 Jul 1 2:00
- -8:00 NT_YK P%sT
+ -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
+ -8:00 Canada P%sT
Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
-9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1973 Oct 28 0:00
- -8:00 NT_YK P%sT
+ -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
+ -8:00 Canada P%sT
###############################################################################
# history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
# </a>.
#
-# Here are the discrepancies between Shanks and the MLoC.
+# Here are the discrepancies between Shanks & Pottenger (S&P) and the MLoC.
# (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
-# Shanks reports that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
-# Shanks says the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
-# Shanks reports no DST during summer 1931.
-# Shanks reports a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
-# Shanks does not report transitions for Baja in 1945 or 1948.
-# Shanks reports southern Mexico transitions on 1981-12-01, not 12-23.
-# Shanks says Quintana Roo switched to -6:00 on 1982-12-02, and to -5:00
-# on 1997-10-26 at 02:00.
+# S&P report that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
+# S&P say the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
+# S&P report no DST during summer 1931.
+# S&P report a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
# From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
# There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
# the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
# the relevant documents.
-# From Paul Eggert (2000-07-26):
-# Shanks gives 1942-04-01 instead of 1942-04-24, and omits the 1981
-# and 1988 DST experiments. Go with spin.com.mx.
-
# From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):
# A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
# outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
-8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1
-8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30
-8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24
- -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Nov 12
+ -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
+ -8:00 1:00 PPT 1945 Nov 12 # Peace
-8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5
-8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14
-8:00 - PST 1954
-8:00 Mexico P%sT 2001
-8:00 US P%sT 2002 Feb 20
-8:00 Mexico P%sT
-# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
# Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
# America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
-# through 1995. This was as per Shanks. However, Guy Harris reports
+# through 1995. This was as per Shanks (1999). But Shanks & Pottenger say
+# Ensenada did not observe DST from 1948 through 1975. Guy Harris reports
# that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicale, San Felipe and
-# Tijuana observe DST," which contradicts Shanks but does imply that
+# Tijuana observe DST," which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger but implies that
# DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then. This concerns
# data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
# other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
-4:00 Barb A%sT
# Belize
-# Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks.
+# Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Belize 1918 1942 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0:30 HD
Rule Belize 1919 1943 - Feb Sun>=9 0:00 0 S
-6:00 Belize C%sT
# Bermuda
+
+# From Dan Jones, reporting in The Royal Gazette (2006-06-26):
+
+# Next year, however, clocks in the US will go forward on the second Sunday
+# in March, until the first Sunday in November. And, after the Time Zone
+# (Seasonal Variation) Bill 2006 was passed in the House of Assembly on
+# Friday, the same thing will happen in Bermuda.
+# http://www.theroyalgazette.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060529/NEWS/105290135
+
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Atlantic/Bermuda -4:19:04 - LMT 1930 Jan 1 2:00 # Hamilton
-4:00 - AST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
- -4:00 Bahamas A%sT
+ -4:00 Bahamas A%sT 1976
+ -4:00 US A%sT
# Cayman Is
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Rule CR 1979 1980 - Feb lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
Rule CR 1979 1980 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
Rule CR 1991 1992 - Jan Sat>=15 0:00 1:00 D
-# IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00; go with Shanks.
+# IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00;
+# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule CR 1991 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 S
Rule CR 1992 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 S
# There are too many San Joses elsewhere, so we'll use `Costa Rica'.
# From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28):
# Cuba is not going back to standard time this year.
-# From Paul Eggert (2004-10-28):
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
# http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html
# says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras
# thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return
# to normal hours (after daylight saving time)".
-# For now, let's assume that it's a one-year temporary measure.
+# For now, let's assume that it's a temporary measure.
+
+# From Carlos A. Carnero Delgado (2005-11-12):
+# This year (just like in 2004-2005) there's no change in time zone
+# adjustment in Cuba. We will stay in daylight saving time:
+# http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2005/noviembre/mier9/horario.html
+
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
+# It is likely that they are not reverting back to standard time this
+# year either, based on the number of responses I have got from users
+# (when my site claimed Cuba will end DST on lastSun/October)
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Cuba 1928 only - Jun 10 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Cuba 1998 1999 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
Rule Cuba 1998 2003 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
Rule Cuba 2000 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 D
-Rule Cuba 2005 max - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
+Rule Cuba 2007 max - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Havana -5:29:28 - LMT 1890
-4:00 - AST
# El Salvador
+
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Salv 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Salv 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
-4:00 - AST
# Guatemala
+#
+# From Gwillim Law (2006-04-22), after a heads-up from Oscar van Vlijmen:
+# Diario Co Latino, at
+# http://www.diariocolatino.com/internacionales/detalles.asp?NewsID=8079,
+# says in an article dated 2006-04-19 that the Guatemalan government had
+# decided on that date to advance official time by 60 minutes, to lessen the
+# impact of the elevated cost of oil.... Daylight saving time will last from
+# 2006-04-29 24:00 (Guatemalan standard time) to 2006-09-30 (time unspecified).
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-06-22):
+# The Ministry of Energy and Mines, press release CP-15/2006
+# (2006-04-19), says DST ends at 24:00. See
+# <http://www.sieca.org.gt/Sitio_publico/Energeticos/Doc/Medidas/Cambio_Horario_Nac_190406.pdf>.
+
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Guat 1973 only - Nov 25 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Guat 1974 only - Feb 24 0:00 0 S
Rule Guat 1983 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
Rule Guat 1991 only - Mar 23 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Guat 1991 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
+Rule Guat 2006 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Guat 2006 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Guatemala -6:02:04 - LMT 1918 Oct 5
-6:00 Guat C%sT
# October 2005.
#
# "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005"
+#
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-04-04):
+# I have been informed by users that Haiti observes DST this year like
+# last year, so the current "only" rule for 2005 might be changed to a
+# "max" rule or to last until 2006. (Who knows if they will observe DST
+# next year or if they will extend their DST like US/Canada next year).
+#
+# I have found this article about it (in French):
+# http://www.haitipressnetwork.com/news.cfm?articleID=7612
+#
+# The reason seems to be an energy crisis.
+
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Haiti 1983 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Haiti 1984 1987 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Haiti 1983 1987 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
-# Shanks says AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s. Go with IATA.
+# Shanks & Pottenger say AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s.
+# Go with IATA.
Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 D
Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 S
-Rule Haiti 2005 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Haiti 2005 only - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
+Rule Haiti 2005 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Haiti 2005 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 - LMT 1890
-4:49 - PPMT 1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
-5:00 Haiti E%sT
# Honduras
-# Shanks says 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
+# Shanks & Pottenger say 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-05-05):
+# worldtimezone.com reports a 2006-05-02 Spanish-language AP article
+# saying Honduras will start using DST midnight Saturday, effective 4
+# months until September. La Tribuna reported today
+# <http://www.latribuna.hn/99299.html> that Manuel Zelaya, the president
+# of Honduras, refused to back down on this.
+
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-08-08):
+# It seems that Honduras has returned from DST to standard time this Monday at
+# 00:00 hours (prolonging Sunday to 25 hours duration).
+# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_honduras04.html
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-08-08):
+# Also see Diario El Heraldo, The country returns to standard time (2006-08-08)
+# <http://www.elheraldo.hn/nota.php?nid=54941&sec=12>.
+# It mentions executive decree 18-2006.
+
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
+# Honduras will observe DST from 2007 to 2009, exact dates are not
+# published, I have located this authoritative source:
+# http://www.presidencia.gob.hn/noticia.aspx?nId=47
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Hond 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Hond 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
+Rule Hond 2006 2009 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Hond 2006 2009 - Aug Mon>=1 0:00 0 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 - LMT 1921 Apr
- -6:00 Salv C%sT
+ -6:00 Hond C%sT
#
# Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
# JAMAICA 5 H BEHIND UTC
-# From Shanks:
+# From Shanks & Pottenger:
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Jamaica -5:07:12 - LMT 1890 # Kingston
-5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
-4:00 - AST
# Montserrat
-# From Paul Eggert (1997-08-31):
-# Recent volcanic eruptions have forced evacuation of Plymouth, the capital.
-# Luckily, Olveston, the current de facto capital, has the same longitude.
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# In 1995 volcanic eruptions forced evacuation of Plymouth, the capital.
+# world.gazetteer.com says Cork Hill is the most populous location now.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone America/Montserrat -4:08:52 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Olveston
+Zone America/Montserrat -4:08:52 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Cork Hill
-4:00 - AST
# Nicaragua
#
-# From Steffen Thorsen (1998-12-29):
-# Nicaragua seems to be back at -6:00 but I have not been able to find when
-# they changed from -5:00.
+# This uses Shanks & Pottenger for times before 2005.
#
# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12):
# I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started
#
# From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01):
# The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's
-# assume that it is daylight saving and that they'll switch back on the
-# 3rd Sunday in September.
+# assume that it is daylight saving....
#
# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21):
# The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at
# changes in 2000. Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to
# the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000.
#
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2005-11-02):
+# Nicaragua left DST the 2005-10-02 at 00:00 (local time).
+# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/presidencia/files_index/secretaria/comunicados/2005/septiembre/26septiembre-cambio-hora.htm
+# (2005-09-26)
+#
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-05-05):
+# http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/2006/05/01/nacionales/18410
+# (my informal translation)
+# By order of the president of the republic, Enrique Bolanos, Nicaragua
+# advanced by sixty minutes their official time, yesterday at 2 in the
+# morning, and will stay that way until 30.th. of september.
+#
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Jun Mon>=23 0:00 0 S
-Rule Nic 1992 only - Jan 1 4:00 1:00 D
-Rule Nic 1992 only - Sep 24 0:00 0 S
Rule Nic 2005 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Nic 2005 only - Sep 18 0:00 0 S
+Rule Nic 2005 2006 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
+Rule Nic 2006 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Managua -5:45:08 - LMT 1890
-5:45:12 - MMT 1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?
-6:00 - CST 1973 May
-5:00 - EST 1975 Feb 16
- -6:00 Nic C%sT 1993 Jan 1 4:00
- -5:00 - EST 1998 Dec
+ -6:00 Nic C%sT 1992 Jan 1 4:00
+ -5:00 - EST 1992 Sep 24
+ -6:00 - CST 1993
+ -5:00 - EST 1997
-6:00 Nic C%sT
# Panama
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 - LMT 1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan
-4:00 - AST 1942 May 3
- -4:00 1:00 AWT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
+ -4:00 US A%sT 1946
-4:00 - AST
# St Kitts-Nevis
-4:00 - AST
# Turks and Caicos
-# From Paul Eggert (1998-08-06):
-# Shanks says they use US DST rules, but IATA SSIM (1991/1998)
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger say they use US DST rules, but IATA SSIM (1991/1998)
# says they switch at midnight. Go with IATA SSIM.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule TC 1979 1986 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
-# @(#)pacificnew 7.10
+# @(#)pacificnew 8.1
# From Arthur David Olson (1989-04-05):
# On 1989-04-05, the U. S. House of Representatives passed (238-154) a bill
-# @(#)solar87 7.4
+# @(#)solar87 8.1
# So much for footnotes about Saudi Arabia.
# Apparent noon times below are for Riyadh; your mileage will vary.
-# @(#)solar88 7.4
+# @(#)solar88 8.1
# Apparent noon times below are for Riyadh; they're a bit off for other places.
# Times were computed using formulas in the U.S. Naval Observatory's
-# @(#)solar89 7.5
+# @(#)solar89 8.1
# Apparent noon times below are for Riyadh; they're a bit off for other places.
# Times were computed using a formula provided by the U. S. Naval Observatory:
-# @(#)southamerica 7.61
+# @(#)southamerica 8.3
+# <pre>
# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
-# From Paul Eggert (1999-07-07):
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
-# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
-# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
+# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
+# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
#
# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
# of the IATA's data after 1990.
#
-# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
-# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
+# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
+# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
#
# Earlier editions of these tables used the North American style (e.g. ARST and
# ARDT for Argentine Standard and Daylight Time), but the following quote
# obtaining the data from the:
# Talleres de Hidrografia Naval Argentina
# (Argentine Naval Hydrography Institute)
-#
-# Shanks stops after 1992-03-01; go with Otero.
Rule Arg 1989 1993 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
Rule Arg 1989 1992 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
#
# It's Law No. 7,210. This change is due to a public power emergency, so for
# now we'll assume it's for this year only.
#
-# From Paul Eggert (2002-01-22):
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
# <a href="http://www.spicasc.net/horvera.html">
-# Hora de verano para la Republica Argentina (2000-10-01)
+# Hora de verano para la Republica Argentina (2003-06-08)
# </a> says that standard time in Argentina from 1894-10-31
# to 1920-05-01 was -4:16:48.25. Go with this more-precise value
-# over Shanks.
+# over Shanks & Pottenger.
#
# From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-05):
# These media articles from a major newspaper mostly cover the current state:
# http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000426.html
# http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000441.html
-# Unless otherwise specified, data are from Shanks through 1992, from
-# the IATA otherwise. As noted below, Shanks says that
+# Unless otherwise specified, data are from Shanks & Pottenger through 1992,
+# from the IATA otherwise. As noted below, Shanks & Pottenger say that
# America/Cordoba split into 6 subregions during 1991/1992, but we
# haven't verified this yet so for now we'll keep it a single region.
#
# Formosa (FM), Salta (SA), Santiago del Estero (SE), Cordoba (CB),
# San Luis (SL), La Pampa (LP), Neuquen (NQ), Rio Negro (RN)
#
-# Shanks also makes the following claims, which we haven't verified:
+# Shanks & Pottenger also make the following claims, which we haven't verified:
# - Formosa switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-07.
# - Misiones switched to -3:00 on 1990-12-29.
# - Chaco switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-04.
# This year, the ending date of DS was postponed to March 1
# to help dealing with the shortages of electric power.
#
-# From Paul Eggert (1998-02-25):
-# <a href="http://churchnet.ucsm.ac.uk/news/files2/news165.htm">
-# Brazil Prepares for Papal Visit
-# </a>,
-# Church Net UK (1997-10-02).
-#
# Decree 2,317 (1997-09-04), adopted by same states.
Rule Brazil 1997 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV2495.JPG">2,495</a>
# Decree 5,223 (2004-10-01) reestablishes DST in MT.
# <a href="http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2004-2006/2004/Decreto/D5223.htm"></a>
Rule Brazil 2004 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV5539.gif">5,539</a> (2005-09-19),
+# adopted by the same states as before.
+Rule Brazil 2005 max - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
# The latest ruleset listed above says that the following states observe DST:
# DF, ES, GO, MG, MS, MT, PR, RJ, RS, SC, SP.
-#
-Rule Brazil 2005 max - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
-# For dates after mid-2005, the above rules with TO="max" are guesses
+# For dates after mid-2006, the above rules with TO="max" are guesses
# and are quite possibly wrong, but are more likely than no DST at all.
# It clearly confirms my earlier suggestion, that DST begins at 22:00
# on Easter Island.... But it also seems to be saying that the
# observance of DST in Chile began in 1966, rather than 1969 as
-# ... [Shanks] has it....
+# ... [Shanks & Pottenger have] it....
#
# My translation:
#
# to Easter Island and Sala y Gomez Island, will be set forward at
# midnight and at 22:00, respectively, by 20 minutes."
-# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04):
-# Go with this article in preference to Shanks's 1969 date for modern DST.
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Go with Law in preference to Shanks & Pottenger's 1969 date for modern DST.
# Assume this rule has been used since DST was introduced in the islands.
# From Paul Eggert (2002-10-24):
-4:00 Chile CL%sT
Zone Pacific/Easter -7:17:28 - LMT 1890 # Mataveri
-7:17:28 - MMT 1932 Sep # Mataveri Mean Time
- -7:00 Chile EAS%sT 1982 Mar 14 # Easter I Time
+ -7:00 Chile EAS%sT 1982 Mar 13 21:00 # Easter I Time
-6:00 Chile EAS%sT
#
# Sala y Gomez Island is like Pacific/Easter.
# San Felix, and Antarctic bases, are like America/Santiago.
# Colombia
-# Shanks specifies 24:00 for 1992 transition times; go with IATA,
-# as it seems implausible to change clocks at midnight New Year's Eve.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-Rule CO 1992 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S
-Rule CO 1992 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 -
+Rule CO 1992 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule CO 1993 only - Apr 4 0:00 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Bogota -4:56:20 - LMT 1884 Mar 13
-4:56:20 - BMT 1914 Nov 23 # Bogota Mean Time
# no information; probably like America/Bogota
# Curacao
-# Shanks says that Bottom and Oranjestad have been at -4:00 since
-# standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that Kralendijk and Rincon
-# used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01.
-# This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger say that The Bottom and Philipsburg have been at
+# -4:00 since standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that
+# Kralendijk and Rincon used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from
+# 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01. The former is dubious, since S&P also say
+# Saba Island has been like Curacao.
+# This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though.
+#
+# By July 2007 Curacao and St Maarten are planned to become
+# associated states within the Netherlands, much like Aruba;
+# Bonaire, Saba and St Eustatius would become directly part of the
+# Netherlands as Kingdom Islands. This won't affect their time zones
+# though, as far as we know.
+#
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Curacao -4:35:44 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Willemstad
-4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
# Falklands
-# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
-# Between 1990 and 2000 inclusive, Shanks and the IATA agree except
-# the IATA gives 1996-09-08. Go with Shanks.
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Between 1990 and 2000 inclusive, Shanks & Pottenger and the IATA agree except
+# the IATA gives 1996-09-08. Go with Shanks & Pottenger.
# From Falkland Islands Government Office, London (2001-01-22)
# via Jesper Norgaard:
-4:00 - GYT
# Paraguay
-# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
-# Shanks (1999) says that spring transitions are from 01:00 -> 02:00,
-# and autumn transitions are from 00:00 -> 23:00. Go with earlier
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger say that spring transitions are from 01:00 -> 02:00,
+# and autumn transitions are from 00:00 -> 23:00. Go with pre-1999
# editions of Shanks, and with the IATA, who say transitions occur at 00:00.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Para 1975 1988 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
# http://gateway.abc.com.py:8000/pub/pag04.mbr/artic?FHA=2001-03-03-02.24.52.900592
#
Rule Para 1996 2001 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
-# IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Mar 1; go with Shanks.
+# IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Mar 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Para 1997 only - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
-# Shanks says 1999-02-28; IATA SSIM (1999-02) says 1999-02-27, but
+# Shanks & Pottenger say 1999-02-28; IATA SSIM (1999-02) says 1999-02-27, but
# (1999-09) reports no date; go with above sources and Gerd Knops (2001-02-27).
Rule Para 1998 2001 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
# From Rives McDow (2002-02-28):
# When we were in Peru in 1985-1986, they apparently switched over
# sometime between December 29 and January 3 while we were on the Amazon.
#
-# From Paul Eggert (2003-11-02):
-# Shanks doesn't have this transition. Assume 1986 was like 1987.
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger don't have this transition. Assume 1986 was like 1987.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Peru 1938 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Peru 1986 1987 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Peru 1990 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Peru 1990 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
-# IATA is ambiguous for 1993/1995; go with Shanks.
+# IATA is ambiguous for 1993/1995; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Peru 1994 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Peru 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
# Uruguay
# From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18):
# Uruguay wins the prize for the strangest peacetime manipulation of the rules.
-# From Shanks:
+# From Shanks & Pottenger:
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-# Whitman gives 1923 Oct 1; go with Shanks.
+# Whitman gives 1923 Oct 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Uruguay 1923 only - Oct 2 0:00 0:30 HS
Rule Uruguay 1924 1926 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0:30 HS
Rule Uruguay 1933 1935 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
-# Shanks gives 1935 Apr 1 0:00 and 1936 Mar 30 0:00; go with Whitman.
+# Shanks & Pottenger give 1935 Apr 1 0:00 & 1936 Mar 30 0:00; go with Whitman.
Rule Uruguay 1934 1936 - Mar Sat>=25 23:30s 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 0:30 HS
Rule Uruguay 1937 1941 - Mar lastSun 0:00 0 -
-# Whitman gives 1937 Oct 3; go with Shanks.
+# Whitman gives 1937 Oct 3; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Uruguay 1937 1940 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
# Whitman gives 1941 Oct 24 - 1942 Mar 27, 1942 Dec 14 - 1943 Apr 13,
-# and 1943 Apr 13 ``to present time''; go with Shanks.
-Rule Uruguay 1941 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
-Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Jan 1 0:00 0:30 HS
+# and 1943 Apr 13 ``to present time''; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Uruguay 1941 only - Aug 1 0:00 0:30 HS
+Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Uruguay 1943 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1959 only - May 24 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Dec 11 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Mar 12 0:00 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Oct 29 0:00 1:00 S
-# Shanks says no DST was observed in 1990/1 and 1991/2,
+# Shanks & Pottenger say no DST was observed in 1990/1 and 1991/2,
# and that 1992/3's DST was from 10-25 to 03-01. Go with IATA.
Rule Uruguay 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1990 1991 - Oct Sun>=21 0:00 1:00 S
# save energy ... it was postponed two weeks....
# http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_Web/noticias/2005/03/2005031005.htm
Rule Uruguay 2005 only - Mar 27 2:00 0 -
+# From Eduardo Cota (2005-09-27):
+# http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_Web/decretos/2005/09/CM%20119_09%2009%202005_00001.PDF
+# This means that from 2005-10-09 at 02:00 local time, until 2006-03-12 at
+# 02:00 local time, official time in Uruguay will be at GMT -2.
+Rule Uruguay 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 2006 only - Mar 12 2:00 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Montevideo -3:44:44 - LMT 1898 Jun 28
-3:44:44 - MMT 1920 May 1 # Montevideo MT
-# @(#)systemv 7.3
+# @(#)systemv 8.1
# Old rules, should the need arise.
# No attempt is made to handle Newfoundland, since it cannot be expressed
# using the System V "TZ" scheme (half-hour offset), or anything outside
# North America (no support for non-standard DST start/end dates), nor
-# the change in the DST rules in the US in 1987 (which occurred before
+# the changes in the DST rules in the US after 1976 (which occurred after
# the old rules were written).
#
-# If you need the old rules, uncomment ## lines and comment-out Link lines.
+# If you need the old rules, uncomment ## lines.
# Compile this *without* leap second correction for true conformance.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-## Rule SystemV min 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
-## Rule SystemV min 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
-## Rule SystemV 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D
-## Rule SystemV 1974 only - Nov lastSun 2:00 0 S
-## Rule SystemV 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D
-## Rule SystemV 1975 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
-## Rule SystemV 1976 max - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
-## Rule SystemV 1976 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule SystemV min 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule SystemV min 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule SystemV 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule SystemV 1974 only - Nov lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule SystemV 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule SystemV 1975 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule SystemV 1976 max - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule SystemV 1976 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES/SAVE FORMAT [UNTIL]
## Zone SystemV/AST4ADT -4:00 SystemV A%sT
## Zone SystemV/PST8 -8:00 - PST
## Zone SystemV/YST9 -9:00 - YST
## Zone SystemV/HST10 -10:00 - HST
-# For now...
-Link America/Halifax SystemV/AST4ADT
-Link America/New_York SystemV/EST5EDT
-Link America/Chicago SystemV/CST6CDT
-Link America/Denver SystemV/MST7MDT
-Link America/Los_Angeles SystemV/PST8PDT
-Link America/Anchorage SystemV/YST9YDT
-Link America/Puerto_Rico SystemV/AST4
-Link America/Indianapolis SystemV/EST5
-Link America/Regina SystemV/CST6
-Link America/Phoenix SystemV/MST7
-Link Pacific/Pitcairn SystemV/PST8
-Link Pacific/Gambier SystemV/YST9
-Link Pacific/Honolulu SystemV/HST10
#! /bin/sh
-: '@(#)yearistype.sh 7.8'
+: 'This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of'
+: '2006-07-17 by Arthur David Olson.'
+
+: '@(#)yearistype.sh 8.2'
case $#-$1 in
2-|2-0*|2-*[!0-9]*)
-# @(#)zone.tab 1.32
+# @(#)zone.tab 8.4
#
# TZ zone descriptions
#
AR -3436-05827 America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires Buenos Aires (BA, CF)
AR -3124-06411 America/Argentina/Cordoba most locations (CB, CC, CN, ER, FM, LP, MN, NQ, RN, SA, SE, SF, SL)
AR -2411-06518 America/Argentina/Jujuy Jujuy (JY)
-AR -3124-06411 America/Argentina/Tucuman Tucuman (TM)
+AR -2649-06513 America/Argentina/Tucuman Tucuman (TM)
AR -2828-06547 America/Argentina/Catamarca Catamarca (CT), Chubut (CH)
AR -2926-06651 America/Argentina/La_Rioja La Rioja (LR)
AR -3132-06831 America/Argentina/San_Juan San Juan (SJ)
BW -2545+02555 Africa/Gaborone
BY +5354+02734 Europe/Minsk
BZ +1730-08812 America/Belize
-CA +4734-05243 America/St_Johns Newfoundland Island
-CA +4439-06336 America/Halifax Atlantic Time - Nova Scotia (most places), NB, W Labrador, E Quebec & PEI
+CA +4734-05243 America/St_Johns Newfoundland Time, including SE Labrador
+CA +4439-06336 America/Halifax Atlantic Time - Nova Scotia (most places), PEI
CA +4612-05957 America/Glace_Bay Atlantic Time - Nova Scotia - places that did not observe DST 1966-1971
-CA +5320-06025 America/Goose_Bay Atlantic Time - E Labrador
+CA +4606-06447 America/Moncton Atlantic Time - New Brunswick
+CA +5320-06025 America/Goose_Bay Atlantic Time - Labrador - most locations
+CA +5125-05707 America/Blanc-Sablon Atlantic Standard Time - Quebec - Lower North Shore
CA +4531-07334 America/Montreal Eastern Time - Quebec - most locations
CA +4339-07923 America/Toronto Eastern Time - Ontario - most locations
CA +4901-08816 America/Nipigon Eastern Time - Ontario & Quebec - places that did not observe DST 1967-1973
CA +4823-08915 America/Thunder_Bay Eastern Time - Thunder Bay, Ontario
CA +6608-06544 America/Pangnirtung Eastern Time - Pangnirtung, Nunavut
CA +6344-06828 America/Iqaluit Eastern Time - east Nunavut
-CA +6408-08310 America/Coral_Harbour Eastern Standard Time - Southampton Island
-CA +6245-09210 America/Rankin_Inlet Central Time - central Nunavut
+CA +484531-0913718 America/Atikokan Eastern Standard Time - Atikokan, Ontario and Southampton I, Nunavut
+CA +624900-0920459 America/Rankin_Inlet Central Time - central Nunavut
CA +4953-09709 America/Winnipeg Central Time - Manitoba & west Ontario
-CA +4843-09429 America/Rainy_River Central Time - Rainy River & Fort Frances, Ontario
+CA +4843-09434 America/Rainy_River Central Time - Rainy River & Fort Frances, Ontario
CA +6903-10505 America/Cambridge_Bay Central Time - west Nunavut
CA +5024-10439 America/Regina Central Standard Time - Saskatchewan - most locations
CA +5017-10750 America/Swift_Current Central Standard Time - Saskatchewan - midwest
CA +5333-11328 America/Edmonton Mountain Time - Alberta, east British Columbia & west Saskatchewan
CA +6227-11421 America/Yellowknife Mountain Time - central Northwest Territories
-CA +6825-11330 America/Inuvik Mountain Time - west Northwest Territories
+CA +682059-1334300 America/Inuvik Mountain Time - west Northwest Territories
CA +5946-12014 America/Dawson_Creek Mountain Standard Time - Dawson Creek & Fort Saint John, British Columbia
CA +4916-12307 America/Vancouver Pacific Time - west British Columbia
CA +6043-13503 America/Whitehorse Pacific Time - south Yukon
CL -2710-10927 Pacific/Easter Easter Island & Sala y Gomez
CM +0403+00942 Africa/Douala
CN +3114+12128 Asia/Shanghai east China - Beijing, Guangdong, Shanghai, etc.
-CN +4545+12641 Asia/Harbin Heilongjiang
-CN +2934+10635 Asia/Chongqing central China - Gansu, Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan, etc.
-CN +4348+08735 Asia/Urumqi Tibet & most of Xinjiang Uyghur
-CN +3929+07559 Asia/Kashgar southwest Xinjiang Uyghur
+CN +4545+12641 Asia/Harbin Heilongjiang (except Mohe), Jilin
+CN +2934+10635 Asia/Chongqing central China - Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangxi, Shaanxi, Guizhou, etc.
+CN +4348+08735 Asia/Urumqi most of Tibet & Xinjiang
+CN +3929+07559 Asia/Kashgar west Tibet & Xinjiang
CO +0436-07405 America/Bogota
CR +0956-08405 America/Costa_Rica
CS +4450+02030 Europe/Belgrade
GD +1203-06145 America/Grenada
GE +4143+04449 Asia/Tbilisi
GF +0456-05220 America/Cayenne
+GG +4927-00232 Europe/Guernsey
GH +0533-00013 Africa/Accra
GI +3608-00521 Europe/Gibraltar
GL +6411-05144 America/Godthab most locations
GL +7646-01840 America/Danmarkshavn east coast, north of Scoresbysund
-GL +7030-02215 America/Scoresbysund Scoresbysund / Ittoqqortoormiit
+GL +7029-02158 America/Scoresbysund Scoresbysund / Ittoqqortoormiit
GL +7634-06847 America/Thule Thule / Pituffik
GM +1328-01639 Africa/Banjul
GN +0931-01343 Africa/Conakry
ID -0232+14042 Asia/Jayapura Irian Jaya & the Moluccas
IE +5320-00615 Europe/Dublin
IL +3146+03514 Asia/Jerusalem
+IM +5409-00428 Europe/Isle_of_Man
IN +2232+08822 Asia/Calcutta
IO -0720+07225 Indian/Chagos
IQ +3321+04425 Asia/Baghdad
IR +3540+05126 Asia/Tehran
IS +6409-02151 Atlantic/Reykjavik
IT +4154+01229 Europe/Rome
+JE +4912-00237 Europe/Jersey
JM +1800-07648 America/Jamaica
JO +3157+03556 Asia/Amman
JP +353916+1394441 Asia/Tokyo
MP +1512+14545 Pacific/Saipan
MQ +1436-06105 America/Martinique
MR +1806-01557 Africa/Nouakchott
-MS +1644-06213 America/Montserrat
+MS +1643-06213 America/Montserrat
MT +3554+01431 Europe/Malta
MU -2010+05730 Indian/Mauritius
MV +0410+07330 Indian/Maldives
RO +4426+02606 Europe/Bucharest
RU +5443+02030 Europe/Kaliningrad Moscow-01 - Kaliningrad
RU +5545+03735 Europe/Moscow Moscow+00 - west Russia
-RU +5312+05009 Europe/Samara Moscow+01 - Caspian Sea
+RU +4844+04425 Europe/Volgograd Moscow+00 - Caspian Sea
+RU +5312+05009 Europe/Samara Moscow+01 - Samara, Udmurtia
RU +5651+06036 Asia/Yekaterinburg Moscow+02 - Urals
RU +5500+07324 Asia/Omsk Moscow+03 - west Siberia
RU +5502+08255 Asia/Novosibirsk Moscow+03 - Novosibirsk
US +421953-0830245 America/Detroit Eastern Time - Michigan - most locations
US +381515-0854534 America/Kentucky/Louisville Eastern Time - Kentucky - Louisville area
US +364947-0845057 America/Kentucky/Monticello Eastern Time - Kentucky - Wayne County
-US +394606-0860929 America/Indiana/Indianapolis Eastern Standard Time - Indiana - most locations
-US +382232-0862041 America/Indiana/Marengo Eastern Standard Time - Indiana - Crawford County
-US +411745-0863730 America/Indiana/Knox Eastern Standard Time - Indiana - Starke County
-US +384452-0850402 America/Indiana/Vevay Eastern Standard Time - Indiana - Switzerland County
+US +394606-0860929 America/Indiana/Indianapolis Eastern Time - Indiana - most locations
+US +382232-0862041 America/Indiana/Marengo Eastern Time - Indiana - Crawford County
+US +411745-0863730 America/Indiana/Knox Eastern Time - Indiana - Starke County
+US +384452-0850402 America/Indiana/Vevay Eastern Time - Indiana - Switzerland County
US +415100-0873900 America/Chicago Central Time
-US +450628-0873651 America/Menominee Central Time - Michigan - Wisconsin border
+US +384038-0873143 America/Indiana/Vincennes Central Time - Indiana - Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry & Pulaski Counties
+US +382931-0871643 America/Indiana/Petersburg Central Time - Indiana - Pike County
+US +450628-0873651 America/Menominee Central Time - Michigan - Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron & Menominee Counties
US +470659-1011757 America/North_Dakota/Center Central Time - North Dakota - Oliver County
+US +465042-1012439 America/North_Dakota/New_Salem Central Time - North Dakota - Morton County (except Mandan area)
US +394421-1045903 America/Denver Mountain Time
US +433649-1161209 America/Boise Mountain Time - south Idaho & east Oregon
US +364708-1084111 America/Shiprock Mountain Time - Navajo
projects / postgresql / commitdiff