.. versionchanged:: 3.2
Can be used as a context manager.
+ .. deprecated:: 3.4
+ The ``'rU'`` and ``'U'`` modes.
+
**Optional in-place filtering:** if the keyword argument ``inplace=True`` is
passed to :func:`fileinput.input` or to the :class:`FileInput` constructor, the
``'b'`` binary mode
``'t'`` text mode (default)
``'+'`` open a disk file for updating (reading and writing)
- ``'U'`` universal newlines mode (for backwards compatibility; should
- not be used in new code)
+ ``'U'`` :term:`universal newlines` mode (deprecated)
========= ===============================================================
The default mode is ``'r'`` (open for reading text, synonym of ``'rt'``).
.. versionchanged:: 3.4
The file is now non-inheritable.
+ .. deprecated-removed:: 3.4 4.0
+ The ``'U'`` mode.
+
.. XXX works for bytes too, but should it?
.. function:: ord(c)
or a :class:`ZipInfo` object. You will appreciate this when trying to read a
ZIP file that contains members with duplicate names.
+ .. deprecated-removed:: 3.4 3.6
+ The ``'U'`` or ``'rU'`` mode. Use :class:`io.TextIOWrapper` for reading
+ compressed text files in :term:`universal newlines` mode.
.. method:: ZipFile.extract(member, path=None, pwd=None)
'b' binary mode
't' text mode (default)
'+' open a disk file for updating (reading and writing)
- 'U' universal newline mode (for backwards compatibility; unneeded
- for new code)
+ 'U' universal newline mode (deprecated)
========= ===============================================================
The default mode is 'rt' (open for reading text). For binary random
returned as strings, the bytes having been first decoded using a
platform-dependent encoding or using the specified encoding if given.
+ 'U' mode is deprecated and will raise an exception in future versions
+ of Python. It has no effect in Python 3. Use newline to control
+ universal newlines mode.
+
buffering is an optional integer used to set the buffering policy.
Pass 0 to switch buffering off (only allowed in binary mode), 1 to select
line buffering (only usable in text mode), and an integer > 1 to indicate
if "U" in modes:
if creating or writing or appending:
raise ValueError("can't use U and writing mode at once")
+ import warnings
+ warnings.warn("'U' mode is deprecated",
+ DeprecationWarning, 2)
reading = True
if text and binary:
raise ValueError("can't have text and binary mode at once")
if mode not in ('r', 'rU', 'U', 'rb'):
raise ValueError("FileInput opening mode must be one of "
"'r', 'rU', 'U' and 'rb'")
+ if 'U' in mode:
+ import warnings
+ warnings.warn("Use of 'U' mode is deprecated",
+ DeprecationWarning, 2)
self._mode = mode
if openhook:
if inplace:
def get_suffixes():
"""**DEPRECATED**"""
extensions = [(s, 'rb', C_EXTENSION) for s in machinery.EXTENSION_SUFFIXES]
- source = [(s, 'U', PY_SOURCE) for s in machinery.SOURCE_SUFFIXES]
+ source = [(s, 'r', PY_SOURCE) for s in machinery.SOURCE_SUFFIXES]
bytecode = [(s, 'rb', PY_COMPILED) for s in machinery.BYTECODE_SUFFIXES]
return extensions + source + bytecode
raise ImportError(_ERR_MSG.format(name), name=name)
encoding = None
- if mode == 'U':
+ if 'b' not in mode:
with open(file_path, 'rb') as file:
encoding = tokenize.detect_encoding(file.readline)[0]
file = open(file_path, mode, encoding=encoding)
self.assertIsNotNone(file)
self.assertTrue(filename[:-3].endswith(temp_mod_name))
self.assertEqual(info[0], '.py')
- self.assertEqual(info[1], 'U')
+ self.assertEqual(info[1], 'r')
self.assertEqual(info[2], imp.PY_SOURCE)
mod = imp.load_module(temp_mod_name, file, filename, info)
"""Return file-like object for 'name'."""
if mode not in ("r", "U", "rU"):
raise RuntimeError('open() requires mode "r", "U", or "rU"')
+ if 'U' in mode:
+ import warnings
+ warnings.warn("'U' mode is deprecated",
+ DeprecationWarning, 2)
if pwd and not isinstance(pwd, bytes):
raise TypeError("pwd: expected bytes, got %s" % type(pwd))
if not self.fp:
Library
-------
+- Issue #15204: Deprecated the 'U' mode in file-like objects.
+
- Issue #17810: Implement PEP 3154, pickle protocol 4.
- Issue #19668: Added support for the cp1125 encoding.
"'b' binary mode\n"
"'t' text mode (default)\n"
"'+' open a disk file for updating (reading and writing)\n"
-"'U' universal newline mode (for backwards compatibility; unneeded\n"
-" for new code)\n"
+"'U' universal newline mode (deprecated)\n"
"========= ===============================================================\n"
"\n"
"The default mode is 'rt' (open for reading text). For binary random\n"
"returned as strings, the bytes having been first decoded using a\n"
"platform-dependent encoding or using the specified encoding if given.\n"
"\n"
+"'U' mode is deprecated and will raise an exception in future versions\n"
+"of Python. It has no effect in Python 3. Use newline to control\n"
+"universal newlines mode.\n"
+"\n"
"buffering is an optional integer used to set the buffering policy.\n"
"Pass 0 to switch buffering off (only allowed in binary mode), 1 to select\n"
"line buffering (only usable in text mode), and an integer > 1 to indicate\n"
"can't use U and writing mode at once");
return NULL;
}
+ if (PyErr_WarnEx(PyExc_DeprecationWarning,
+ "'U' mode is deprecated", 1) < 0)
+ return NULL;
reading = 1;
}
try:
return open(fn, mode, encoding=encoding or TEXT_ENCODING)
except TypeError:
+ if 'r' in mode:
+ mode += 'U' # 'U' mode is needed only in Python 2.x
return open(fn, mode)
def get_file_sizes():
f.write(os.urandom(size))
# Text files
chunk = []
- with text_open(__file__, "rU", encoding='utf8') as f:
+ with text_open(__file__, "r", encoding='utf8') as f:
for line in f:
if line.startswith("# <iobench text chunk marker>"):
break
fromdate = file_mtime(fromfile)
todate = file_mtime(tofile)
- with open(fromfile, 'U') as ff:
+ with open(fromfile) as ff:
fromlines = ff.readlines()
- with open(tofile, 'U') as tf:
+ with open(tofile) as tf:
tolines = tf.readlines()
if options.u:
# couldn't be opened
def fopen(fname):
try:
- return open(fname, 'U')
+ return open(fname)
except IOError as detail:
return fail("couldn't open " + fname + ": " + str(detail))
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