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<title>Binding - Apache HTTP Server</title>
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-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
-<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
-<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
-<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href=".
./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Binding</h1>
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Binding</h1>
<div class="toplang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../de/./bind.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
-<a href="../en/./bind.html" title="English"> en </a> |
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-<a href="../ja/./bind.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./bind.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/bind.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
+<a href="./en/bind.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./fr/bind.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> |
+<a href="./ja/bind.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/bind.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div>
<p>Configuring Apache to listen on specific addresses and ports.</p>
</div>
-<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#overview">Overview</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#ipv6">Special IPv6 Considerations</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#virtualhost">How This Works With Virtual Hosts</a></li>
+<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#overview">Overview</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#ipv6">Special IPv6 Considerations</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#virtualhost">How This Works With Virtual Hosts</a></li>
</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="vhosts/">Virtual Hosts</a></li><li><a href="dns-caveats.html">DNS Issues</a></li></ul></div>
-<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="overview" id="overview">Overview</a></h2>
- <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/core.html">core</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html">mpm_common</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
+ <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/core.html">core</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html">mpm_common</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
<p>When Apache starts, it binds to some port and address on
Virtual Host feature, which determines how Apache responds to
different IP addresses, hostnames and ports.</p>
- <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code>
+ <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code>
directive tells the server to accept
incoming requests only on the specified ports or
address-and-port combinations. If only a port number is
- specified in the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code>
+ specified in the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code>
directive, the server
listens to the given port on all interfaces. If an IP address
is given as well as a port, the server will listen on the given
- port and interface. Multiple <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code> directives may be used to
+ port and interface. Multiple <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code> directives may be used to
specify a number of addresses and ports to listen on. The
server will respond to requests from any of the listed
addresses and ports.</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
Listen [2001:db8::a00:20ff:fea7:ccea]:80
</code></p></div>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="ipv6" id="ipv6">Special IPv6 Considerations</a></h2>
<p>A growing number of platforms implement IPv6, and
- <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#apr" title="see glossary">APR</a> supports IPv6 on most of these platforms,
+ <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#apr" title="see glossary">APR</a> supports IPv6 on most of these platforms,
allowing Apache to allocate IPv6 sockets, and to handle requests sent
over IPv6.</p>
platforms, but are disallowed by default on FreeBSD, NetBSD, and
OpenBSD, in order to match the system-wide policy on those
platforms. On systems where it is disallowed by default, a
- special <code class="program"><a href="../programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> parameter can change this behavior
+ special <code class="program"><a href="./programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> parameter can change this behavior
for Apache.</p>
<p>On the other hand, on some platforms, such as Linux and Tru64, the
<strong>only</strong> way to handle both IPv6 and IPv4 is to use
mapped addresses. If you want Apache to handle IPv4 and IPv6 connections
with a minimum of sockets, which requires using IPv4-mapped IPv6
- addresses, specify the <code>--enable-v4-mapped</code> <code class="program"><a href="../programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> option.</p>
+ addresses, specify the <code>--enable-v4-mapped</code> <code class="program"><a href="./programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> option.</p>
<p><code>--enable-v4-mapped</code> is the default on all platforms except
FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD, so this is probably how your Apache was
<p>If you want Apache to handle IPv4 connections only, regardless of
what your platform and APR will support, specify an IPv4 address on all
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code> directives, as in the
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code> directives, as in the
following examples:</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
<p>If your platform supports it and you want Apache to handle IPv4 and
IPv6 connections on separate sockets (i.e., to disable IPv4-mapped
- addresses), specify the <code>--disable-v4-mapped</code> <code class="program"><a href="../programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> option. <code>--disable-v4-mapped</code> is the
+ addresses), specify the <code>--disable-v4-mapped</code> <code class="program"><a href="./programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> option. <code>--disable-v4-mapped</code> is the
default on FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD.</p>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="virtualhost" id="virtualhost">How This Works With Virtual Hosts</a></h2>
- <p> The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code> directive does not implement
+ <p> The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code> directive does not implement
Virtual Hosts - it only tells the
main server what addresses and ports to listen on. If no
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code>
directives are used, the server will behave
in the same way for all accepted requests. However,
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code>
can be used to specify a different behavior
for one or more of the addresses or ports. To implement a
VirtualHost, the server must first be told to listen to the
address and port to be used. Then a
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code> section
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code> section
should be created for the specified address and port to set the
behavior of this virtual host. Note that if the
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code>
is set for an address and port that the
server is not listening to, it cannot be accessed.</p>
</div></div>
<div class="bottomlang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../de/./bind.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
-<a href="../en/./bind.html" title="English"> en </a> |
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-<a href="../ja/./bind.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./bind.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/bind.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
+<a href="./en/bind.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./fr/bind.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> |
+<a href="./ja/bind.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/bind.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
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<p class="apache">Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
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+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
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<title>Caching Guide - Apache HTTP Server</title>
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+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
-<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
-<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
-<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href=".
./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Caching Guide</h1>
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Caching Guide</h1>
<div class="toplang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./caching.html" title="English"> en </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/caching.html" title="English"> en </a></p>
</div>
- <p>This document supplements the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code>,
- <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_disk_cache.html">mod_disk_cache</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_mem_cache.html">mod_mem_cache</a></code>,
- <code class="module"><a href=".
./mod/mod_file_cache.html">mod_file_cache</a></code> and <a href="programs/htcacheclean.html">htcacheclean</a> reference documentation.
+ <p>This document supplements the <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code>,
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_disk_cache.html">mod_disk_cache</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_mem_cache.html">mod_mem_cache</a></code>,
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_file_cache.html">mod_file_cache</a></code> and <a href="programs/htcacheclean.html">htcacheclean</a> reference documentation.
It describes how to use Apache's caching features to accelerate web and
proxy serving, while avoiding common problems and misconfigurations.</p>
</div>
-<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#introduction">Introduction</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#overview">Caching Overview</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#security">Security Considerations</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#filehandle">File-Handle Caching</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#inmemory">In-Memory Caching</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#disk">Disk-based Caching</a></li>
+<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#introduction">Introduction</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#overview">Caching Overview</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#security">Security Considerations</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#filehandle">File-Handle Caching</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#inmemory">In-Memory Caching</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#disk">Disk-based Caching</a></li>
</ul></div>
-<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="introduction" id="introduction">Introduction</a></h2>
- <p>As of Apache HTTP server version 2.2 <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code>
- and <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_file_cache.html">mod_file_cache</a></code> are no longer marked
+ <p>As of Apache HTTP server version 2.2 <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code>
+ and <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_file_cache.html">mod_file_cache</a></code> are no longer marked
experimental and are considered suitable for production use. These
caching architectures provide a powerful means to accelerate HTTP
handling, both as an origin webserver and as a proxy.</p>
- <p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code> and its provider modules
- <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_mem_cache.html">mod_mem_cache</a></code> and <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_disk_cache.html">mod_disk_cache</a></code>
+ <p><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code> and its provider modules
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_mem_cache.html">mod_mem_cache</a></code> and <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_disk_cache.html">mod_disk_cache</a></code>
provide intelligent, HTTP-aware caching. The content itself is stored
in the cache, and mod_cache aims to honour all of the various HTTP
headers and options that control the cachability of content. It can
- handle both local and proxied content. <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code>
+ handle both local and proxied content. <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code>
is aimed at both simple and complex caching configurations, where
you are dealing with proxied content, dynamic local content or
have a need to speed up access to local files which change with
time.</p>
- <p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_file_cache.html">mod_file_cache</a></code> on the other hand presents a more
+ <p><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_file_cache.html">mod_file_cache</a></code> on the other hand presents a more
basic, but sometimes useful, form of caching. Rather than maintain
the complexity of actively ensuring the cachability of URLs,
- <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_file_cache.html">mod_file_cache</a></code> offers file-handle and memory-mapping
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_file_cache.html">mod_file_cache</a></code> offers file-handle and memory-mapping
tricks to keep a cache of files as they were when Apache was last
- started. As such, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_file_cache.html">mod_file_cache</a></code> is aimed at improving
+ started. As such, <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_file_cache.html">mod_file_cache</a></code> is aimed at improving
the access time to local static files which do not change very
often.</p>
- <p>As <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_file_cache.html">mod_file_cache</a></code> presents a relatively simple
- caching implementation, apart from the specific sections on <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_file_cache.html#cachefile">CacheFile</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_file_cache.html#mmapstatic">MMapStatic</a></code>, the explanations
- in this guide cover the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code> caching
+ <p>As <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_file_cache.html">mod_file_cache</a></code> presents a relatively simple
+ caching implementation, apart from the specific sections on <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_file_cache.html#cachefile">CacheFile</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_file_cache.html#mmapstatic">MMapStatic</a></code>, the explanations
+ in this guide cover the <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code> caching
architecture.</p>
<p>To get the most from this document, you should be familiar with
<a href="urlmapping.html">Mapping URLs to the Filesystem</a> and
<a href="content-negotiation.html">Content negotiation</a>.</p>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="overview" id="overview">Caching Overview</a></h2>
- <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_mem_cache.html">mod_mem_cache</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_disk_cache.html">mod_disk_cache</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_file_cache.html">mod_file_cache</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html#cacheenable">CacheEnable</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html#cachedisable">CacheDisable</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_file_cache.html#mmapstatic">MMapStatic</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_file_cache.html#cachefile">CacheFile</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_file_cache.html#cachefile">CacheFile</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#usecanonicalname">UseCanonicalName</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_negotiation.html#cachenegotiateddocs">CacheNegotiatedDocs</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
+ <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_mem_cache.html">mod_mem_cache</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_disk_cache.html">mod_disk_cache</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_file_cache.html">mod_file_cache</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html#cacheenable">CacheEnable</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html#cachedisable">CacheDisable</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_file_cache.html#mmapstatic">MMapStatic</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_file_cache.html#cachefile">CacheFile</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_file_cache.html#cachefile">CacheFile</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#usecanonicalname">UseCanonicalName</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html#cachenegotiateddocs">CacheNegotiatedDocs</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
- <p>There are two main stages in <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code> that can
- occur in the lifetime of a request. First, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code>
+ <p>There are two main stages in <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code> that can
+ occur in the lifetime of a request. First, <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code>
is a URL mapping module, which means that if a URL has been cached,
and the cached version of that URL has not expired, the request will
- be served directly by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code>.</p>
+ be served directly by <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code>.</p>
<p>This means that any other stages that might ordinarily happen
in the process of serving a request -- for example being handled
- by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code>, or <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code> --
+ by <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code>, or <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code> --
won't happen. But then this is the point of caching content in
the first place.</p>
- <p>If the URL is not found within the cache, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code>
+ <p>If the URL is not found within the cache, <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code>
will add a <a href="filter.html">filter</a> to the request handling. After
Apache has located the content by the usual means, the filter will be run
as the content is served. If the content is determined to be cacheable,
the content will be saved to the cache for future serving.</p>
<p>If the URL is found within the cache, but also found to have expired,
- the filter is added anyway, but <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code> will create
+ the filter is added anyway, but <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code> will create
a conditional request to the backend, to determine if the cached version
is still current. If the cached version is still current, its
meta-information will be updated and the request will be served from the
<p>When caching locally generated content, ensuring that
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#usecanonicalname">UseCanonicalName</a></code> is set to
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#usecanonicalname">UseCanonicalName</a></code> is set to
<code>On</code> can dramatically improve the ratio of cache hits. This
is because the hostname of the virtual-host serving the content forms
a part of the cache key. With the setting set to <code>On</code>
<p>The default expiry period for cached entities is one hour, however
- this can be easily over-ridden by using the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html#cachedefaultexpire">CacheDefaultExpire</a></code> directive. This
+ this can be easily over-ridden by using the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html#cachedefaultexpire">CacheDefaultExpire</a></code> directive. This
default is only used when the original source of the content does not
specify an expire time or time of last modification.</p>
<p>If a response does not include an <code>Expires</code> header but does
- include a <code>Last-Modified</code> header, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code>
- can infer an expiry period based on the use of the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html#cachelastmodifiedfactor">CacheLastModifiedFactor</a></code> directive.</p>
+ include a <code>Last-Modified</code> header, <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code>
+ can infer an expiry period based on the use of the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html#cachelastmodifiedfactor">CacheLastModifiedFactor</a></code> directive.</p>
- <p>For local content, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_expires.html">mod_expires</a></code> may be used to
+ <p>For local content, <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_expires.html">mod_expires</a></code> may be used to
fine-tune the expiry period.</p>
<p>The maximum expiry period may also be controlled by using the
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html#cachemaxexpire">CacheMaxExpire</a></code>.</p>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html#cachemaxexpire">CacheMaxExpire</a></code>.</p>
<p>As mentioned already, the two styles of caching in Apache work
- differently, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_file_cache.html">mod_file_cache</a></code> caching maintains file
+ differently, <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_file_cache.html">mod_file_cache</a></code> caching maintains file
contents as they were when Apache was started. When a request is
made for a file that is cached by this module, it is intercepted
and the cached file is served.</p>
- <p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code> caching on the other hand is more
+ <p><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code> caching on the other hand is more
complex. When serving a request, if it has not been cached
previously, the caching module will determine if the content
is cacheable. The conditions for determining cachability of
a response are;</p>
<ol>
- <li>Caching must be enabled for this URL. See the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html#cacheenable">CacheEnable</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html#cachedisable">CacheDisable</a></code> directives.</li>
+ <li>Caching must be enabled for this URL. See the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html#cacheenable">CacheEnable</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html#cachedisable">CacheDisable</a></code> directives.</li>
<li>The response must have a HTTP status code of 200, 203, 300, 301 or
410.</li>
<li>If the response has a status of 200 (OK), the response must
also include at least one of the "Etag", "Last-Modified" or
the "Expires" headers, unless the
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html#cacheignorenolastmod">CacheIgnoreNoLastMod</a></code>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html#cacheignorenolastmod">CacheIgnoreNoLastMod</a></code>
directive has been used to require otherwise.</li>
<li>If the response includes the "private" option in a "Cache-Control:"
header, it will not be stored unless the
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html#cachestoreprivate">CacheStorePrivate</a></code> has been
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html#cachestoreprivate">CacheStorePrivate</a></code> has been
used to require otherwise.</li>
<li>Likewise, if the response includes the "no-store" option in a
"Cache-Control:" header, it will not be stored unless the
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html#cachestorenostore">CacheStoreNoStore</a></code> has been
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html#cachestorenostore">CacheStoreNoStore</a></code> has been
used.</li>
<li>A response will not be stored if it includes a "Vary:" header
<p>If a response with a "Vary" header is received by
- <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code> when requesting content by the backend it
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code> when requesting content by the backend it
will attempt to handle it intelligently. If possible,
- <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code> will detect the headers attributed in the
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code> will detect the headers attributed in the
"Vary" response in future requests and serve the correct cached
response.</p>
Vary: negotiate,accept-language,accept-charset
</code></p></div>
- <p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code> will only serve the cached content to
+ <p><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code> will only serve the cached content to
requesters with matching accept-language and accept-charset headers
matching those of the original request.</p>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="security" id="security">Security Considerations</a></h2>
<h3>Authentication, Authorization and Access Control</h3>
- <p>Using <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code> is very much like having a built
+ <p>Using <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code> is very much like having a built
in reverse-proxy. Requests will be served by the caching module unless
it determines that the backend should be queried. When caching local
resources, this drastically changes the security model of Apache.</p>
<p>As traversing a filesystem hierarchy to examine potential
<code>.htaccess</code> files would be a very expensive operation,
partially defeating the point of caching (to speed up requests),
- <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code> makes no decision about whether a cached
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code> makes no decision about whether a cached
entity is authorised for serving. In other words; if
- <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code> has cached some content, it will be served
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code> has cached some content, it will be served
from the cache as long as that content has not expired.</p>
<p>If, for example, your configuration permits access to a resource by IP
address you should ensure that this content is not cached. You can do this
- by using the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html#cachedisable">CacheDisable</a></code>
- directive, or <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_expires.html">mod_expires</a></code>. Left unchecked,
- <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code> - very much like a reverse proxy - would cache
+ by using the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html#cachedisable">CacheDisable</a></code>
+ directive, or <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_expires.html">mod_expires</a></code>. Left unchecked,
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code> - very much like a reverse proxy - would cache
the content when served and then serve it to any client, on any IP
address.</p>
<p>If the Apache user is compromised, for example through a flaw in
a CGI process, it is possible that the cache may be targeted. When
- using <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_disk_cache.html">mod_disk_cache</a></code>, it is relatively easy to
+ using <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_disk_cache.html">mod_disk_cache</a></code>, it is relatively easy to
insert or modify a cached entity.</p>
<p>This presents a somewhat elevated risk in comparison to the other
types of attack it is possible to make as the Apache user. If you are
- using <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_disk_cache.html">mod_disk_cache</a></code> you should bear this in mind -
+ using <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_disk_cache.html">mod_disk_cache</a></code> you should bear this in mind -
ensure you upgrade Apache when security upgrades are announced and
run CGI processes as a non-Apache user using <a href="suexec.html">suEXEC</a> if possible.</p>
webserver such that the attacker can entirely control the content
retrieved by the proxy.</p>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="filehandle" id="filehandle">File-Handle Caching</a></h2>
- <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_file_cache.html">mod_file_cache</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_mem_cache.html">mod_mem_cache</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_file_cache.html#cachefile">CacheFile</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html#cacheenable">CacheEnable</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html#cachedisable">CacheDisable</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
+ <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_file_cache.html">mod_file_cache</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_mem_cache.html">mod_mem_cache</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_file_cache.html#cachefile">CacheFile</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html#cacheenable">CacheEnable</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html#cachedisable">CacheDisable</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
<p>The act of opening a file can itself be a source of delay, particularly
on network filesystems. By maintaining a cache of open file descriptors
<p>The most basic form of caching present in Apache is the file-handle
- caching provided by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_file_cache.html">mod_file_cache</a></code>. Rather than caching
+ caching provided by <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_file_cache.html">mod_file_cache</a></code>. Rather than caching
file-contents, this cache maintains a table of open file descriptors. Files
to be cached in this manner are specified in the configuration file using
- the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_file_cache.html#cachefile">CacheFile</a></code>
+ the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_file_cache.html#cachefile">CacheFile</a></code>
directive.</p>
<p>The
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_file_cache.html#cachefile">CacheFile</a></code> directive
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_file_cache.html#cachefile">CacheFile</a></code> directive
instructs Apache to open the file when Apache is started and to re-use
this file-handle for all subsequent access to this file.</p>
must ensure that your operating system's limit for the number of open
files is set appropriately.</p>
- <p>Although using <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_file_cache.html#cachefile">CacheFile</a></code>
+ <p>Although using <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_file_cache.html#cachefile">CacheFile</a></code>
does not cause the file-contents to be cached per-se, it does mean
that if the file changes while Apache is running these changes will
not be picked up. The file will be consistently served as it was
<h3>CacheEnable fd</h3>
- <p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_mem_cache.html">mod_mem_cache</a></code> also provides its own file-handle
+ <p><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_mem_cache.html">mod_mem_cache</a></code> also provides its own file-handle
caching scheme, which can be enabled via the
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html#cacheenable">CacheEnable</a></code> directive.</p>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html#cacheenable">CacheEnable</a></code> directive.</p>
<div class="example"><pre>CacheEnable fd /</pre></div>
- <p>As with all of <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code> this type of file-handle
+ <p>As with all of <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code> this type of file-handle
caching is intelligent, and handles will not be maintained beyond
the expiry time of the cached content.</p>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="inmemory" id="inmemory">In-Memory Caching</a></h2>
- <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_mem_cache.html">mod_mem_cache</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_file_cache.html">mod_file_cache</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html#cacheenable">CacheEnable</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html#cachedisable">CacheDisable</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_file_cache.html#mmapstatic">MMapStatic</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
+ <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_mem_cache.html">mod_mem_cache</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_file_cache.html">mod_file_cache</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html#cacheenable">CacheEnable</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html#cachedisable">CacheDisable</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_file_cache.html#mmapstatic">MMapStatic</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
<p>Serving directly from system memory is universally the fastest method
of serving content. Reading files from a disk controller or, even worse,
<h3>MMapStatic Caching</h3>
- <p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_file_cache.html">mod_file_cache</a></code> provides the
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_file_cache.html#mmapstatic">MMapStatic</a></code> directive, which
+ <p><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_file_cache.html">mod_file_cache</a></code> provides the
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_file_cache.html#mmapstatic">MMapStatic</a></code> directive, which
allows you to have Apache map a static file's contents into memory at
start time (using the mmap system call). Apache will use the in-memory
contents for all subsequent accesses to this file.</p>
<div class="example"><pre>MMapStatic /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/index.html</pre></div>
<p>As with the
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_file_cache.html#cachefile">CacheFile</a></code> directive, any
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_file_cache.html#cachefile">CacheFile</a></code> directive, any
changes in these files will not be picked up by Apache after it has
started.</p>
- <p> The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_file_cache.html#mmapstatic">MMapStatic</a></code>
+ <p> The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_file_cache.html#mmapstatic">MMapStatic</a></code>
directive does not keep track of how much memory it allocates, so
you must ensure not to over-use the directive. Each Apache child
process will replicate this memory, so it is critically important
<h3>mod_mem_cache Caching</h3>
- <p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_mem_cache.html">mod_mem_cache</a></code> provides a HTTP-aware intelligent
+ <p><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_mem_cache.html">mod_mem_cache</a></code> provides a HTTP-aware intelligent
in-memory cache. It also uses heap memory directly, which means that
even if <var>MMap</var> is not supported on your system,
- <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_mem_cache.html">mod_mem_cache</a></code> may still be able to perform caching.</p>
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_mem_cache.html">mod_mem_cache</a></code> may still be able to perform caching.</p>
<p>Caching of this type is enabled via;</p>
# Limit the size of the cache to 1 Megabyte
MCacheSize 1024</pre></div>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="disk" id="disk">Disk-based Caching</a></h2>
- <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_disk_cache.html">mod_disk_cache</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html#cacheenable">CacheEnable</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html#cachedisable">CacheDisable</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
+ <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_disk_cache.html">mod_disk_cache</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html#cacheenable">CacheEnable</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html#cachedisable">CacheDisable</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
- <p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_disk_cache.html">mod_disk_cache</a></code> provides a disk-based caching mechanism
- for <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code>. As with <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_mem_cache.html">mod_mem_cache</a></code>
+ <p><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_disk_cache.html">mod_disk_cache</a></code> provides a disk-based caching mechanism
+ for <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code>. As with <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_mem_cache.html">mod_mem_cache</a></code>
this cache is intelligent and content will be served from the cache only
as long as it is considered valid.</p>
<h3>Understanding the Cache-Store</h3>
- <p>To store items in the cache, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_disk_cache.html">mod_disk_cache</a></code> creates
+ <p>To store items in the cache, <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_disk_cache.html">mod_disk_cache</a></code> creates
a 22 character hash of the url being requested. Thie hash incorporates
the hostname, protocol, port, path and any CGI arguments to the URL,
to ensure that multiple URLs do not collide.</p>
be hashed to <code>xyTGxSMO2b68mBCykqkp1w</code>. This hash is used
as a prefix for the naming of the files specific to that url within
the cache, however first it is split up into directories as per
- the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_disk_cache.html#cachedirlevels">CacheDirLevels</a></code> and
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_disk_cache.html#cachedirlength">CacheDirLength</a></code>
+ the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_disk_cache.html#cachedirlevels">CacheDirLevels</a></code> and
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_disk_cache.html#cachedirlength">CacheDirLength</a></code>
directives.</p>
- <p><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_disk_cache.html#cachedirlevels">CacheDirLevels</a></code>
+ <p><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_disk_cache.html#cachedirlevels">CacheDirLevels</a></code>
specifies how many levels of subdirectory there should be, and
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_disk_cache.html#cachedirlength">CacheDirLength</a></code>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_disk_cache.html#cachedirlength">CacheDirLength</a></code>
specifies how many characters should be in each directory. With
the example settings given above, the hash would be turned into
a filename prefix as
subdirectories or files that may be in a particular directory,
as most file-systems slow down as this number increases. With
setting of "1" for
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_disk_cache.html#cachedirlength">CacheDirLength</a></code>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_disk_cache.html#cachedirlength">CacheDirLength</a></code>
there can at most be 64 subdirectories at any particular level.
With a setting of 2 there can be 64 * 64 subdirectories, and so on.
Unless you have a good reason not to, using a setting of "1"
- for <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_disk_cache.html#cachedirlength">CacheDirLength</a></code>
+ for <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_disk_cache.html#cachedirlength">CacheDirLength</a></code>
is recommended.</p>
<p>Setting
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_disk_cache.html#cachedirlevels">CacheDirLevels</a></code>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_disk_cache.html#cachedirlevels">CacheDirLevels</a></code>
depends on how many files you anticipate to store in the cache.
With the setting of "2" used in the above example, a grand
total of 4096 subdirectories can ultimately be created. With
<h3>Maintaining the Disk Cache</h3>
- <p>Although <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_disk_cache.html">mod_disk_cache</a></code> will remove cached content
+ <p>Although <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_disk_cache.html">mod_disk_cache</a></code> will remove cached content
as it is expired, it does not maintain any information on the total
size of the cache or how little free space may be left.</p>
<a id="figure1" name="figure1"><dfn>Figure 1</dfn></a>: Typical
cache growth / clean sequence.</p>
- <p>Because <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_disk_cache.html">mod_disk_cache</a></code> does not itself pay attention
+ <p>Because <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_disk_cache.html">mod_disk_cache</a></code> does not itself pay attention
to how much space is used you should ensure that
<a href="programs/htcacheclean.html">htcacheclean</a> is configured to
leave enough "grow room" following a clean.</p>
</div></div>
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-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./caching.html" title="English"> en </a></p>
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<title>Configuration Files - Apache HTTP Server</title>
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<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
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+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
-<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
-<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
-<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href=".
./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Configuration Files</h1>
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Configuration Files</h1>
<div class="toplang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../de/./configuring.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
-<a href="../en/./configuring.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./configuring.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./configuring.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/configuring.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
+<a href="./en/configuring.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./ja/configuring.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/configuring.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div>
<p>This document describes the files used to configure the Apache
HTTP server.</p>
</div>
-<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#main">Main Configuration Files</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#syntax">Syntax of the Configuration Files</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#modules">Modules</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#scope">Scope of Directives</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#htaccess">.htaccess Files</a></li>
+<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#main">Main Configuration Files</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#syntax">Syntax of the Configuration Files</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#modules">Modules</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#scope">Scope of Directives</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#htaccess">.htaccess Files</a></li>
</ul></div>
-<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="main" id="main">Main Configuration Files</a></h2>
- <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_mime.html">mod_mime</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#ifdefine"><IfDefine></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#include">Include</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_mime.html#typesconfig">TypesConfig</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
+ <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html">mod_mime</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#ifdefine"><IfDefine></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#include">Include</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#typesconfig">TypesConfig</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
<p>Apache is configured by placing <a href="mod/directives.html">directives</a> in plain text
configuration files. The main configuration file is usually called
<code>httpd.conf</code>. The location of this file is set at
compile-time, but may be overridden with the <code>-f</code>
command line flag. In addition, other configuration files may be
- added using the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#include">Include</a></code>
+ added using the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#include">Include</a></code>
directive, and wildcards can be used to include many configuration
files. Any directive may be placed in any of these configuration
files. Changes to the main configuration files are only
recognized by Apache when it is started or restarted.</p>
<p>The server also reads a file containing mime document types;
- the filename is set by the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_mime.html#typesconfig">TypesConfig</a></code> directive,
+ the filename is set by the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#typesconfig">TypesConfig</a></code> directive,
and is <code>mime.types</code> by default.</p>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="syntax" id="syntax">Syntax of the Configuration Files</a></h2>
without starting the server by using <code>apachectl
configtest</code> or the <code>-t</code> command line
option.</p>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="modules" id="modules">Modules</a></h2>
- <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_so.html">mod_so</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#ifmodule"><IfModule></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_so.html#loadmodule">LoadModule</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
+ <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_so.html">mod_so</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#ifmodule"><IfModule></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_so.html#loadmodule">LoadModule</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
<p>Apache is a modular server. This implies that only the most
basic functionality is included in the core server. Extended
included in the server at compile-time. If the server is
compiled to use <a href="dso.html">dynamically loaded</a>
modules, then modules can be compiled separately and added at
- any time using the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_so.html#loadmodule">LoadModule</a></code>
+ any time using the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_so.html#loadmodule">LoadModule</a></code>
directive.
Otherwise, Apache must be recompiled to add or remove modules.
Configuration directives may be included conditional on a
- presence of a particular module by enclosing them in an <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#ifmodule"><IfModule></a></code> block.</p>
+ presence of a particular module by enclosing them in an <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#ifmodule"><IfModule></a></code> block.</p>
<p>To see which modules are currently compiled into the server,
you can use the <code>-l</code> command line option.</p>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="scope" id="scope">Scope of Directives</a></h2>
- <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td /><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directorymatch"><DirectoryMatch></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#filesmatch"><FilesMatch></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#locationmatch"><LocationMatch></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
+ <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td /><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directorymatch"><DirectoryMatch></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#filesmatch"><FilesMatch></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#locationmatch"><LocationMatch></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
<p>Directives placed in the main configuration files apply to
the entire server. If you wish to change the configuration for
only a part of the server, you can scope your directives by
- placing them in <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directorymatch"><DirectoryMatch></a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#filesmatch"><FilesMatch></a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code>, and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#locationmatch"><LocationMatch></a></code>
+ placing them in <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directorymatch"><DirectoryMatch></a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#filesmatch"><FilesMatch></a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code>, and <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#locationmatch"><LocationMatch></a></code>
sections. These sections limit the application of the
directives which they enclose to particular filesystem
locations or URLs. They can also be nested, allowing for very
<p>Apache has the capability to serve many different websites
simultaneously. This is called <a href="vhosts/">Virtual
Hosting</a>. Directives can also be scoped by placing them
- inside <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code>
+ inside <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code>
sections, so that they will only apply to requests for a
particular website.</p>
can be placed in which sections, check the <a href="mod/directive-dict.html#Context">Context</a> of the
directive. For further information, we provide details on <a href="sections.html">How Directory, Location and Files sections
work</a>.</p>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="htaccess" id="htaccess">.htaccess Files</a></h2>
- <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td /><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#accessfilename">AccessFileName</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#allowoverride">AllowOverride</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
+ <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td /><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#accessfilename">AccessFileName</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#allowoverride">AllowOverride</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
<p>Apache allows for decentralized management of configuration
via special files placed inside the web tree. The special files
are usually called <code>.htaccess</code>, but any name can be
- specified in the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#accessfilename">AccessFileName</a></code>
+ specified in the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#accessfilename">AccessFileName</a></code>
directive. Directives placed in <code>.htaccess</code> files
apply to the directory where you place the file, and all
sub-directories. The <code>.htaccess</code> files follow the
<code>.htaccess</code> files, check the <a href="mod/directive-dict.html#Context">Context</a> of the
directive. The server administrator further controls what
directives may be placed in <code>.htaccess</code> files by
- configuring the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#allowoverride">AllowOverride</a></code>
+ configuring the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#allowoverride">AllowOverride</a></code>
directive in the main configuration files.</p>
<p>For more information on <code>.htaccess</code> files, see
the <a href="howto/htaccess.html">.htaccess tutorial</a>.</p>
</div></div>
<div class="bottomlang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../de/./configuring.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
-<a href="../en/./configuring.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./configuring.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./configuring.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/configuring.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
+<a href="./en/configuring.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./ja/configuring.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/configuring.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div><div id="footer">
<p class="apache">Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
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<title>Content Negotiation - Apache HTTP Server</title>
-<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
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+<link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
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+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
-<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
-<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
-<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href=".
./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Content Negotiation</h1>
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Content Negotiation</h1>
<div class="toplang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./content-negotiation.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./content-negotiation.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./content-negotiation.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/content-negotiation.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./ja/content-negotiation.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/content-negotiation.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div>
incomplete negotiation information.</p>
<p>Content negotiation is provided by the
- <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code> module, which is compiled in
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code> module, which is compiled in
by default.</p>
</div>
-<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#about">About Content Negotiation</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#negotiation">Negotiation in Apache</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#methods">The Negotiation Methods</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#better">Fiddling with Quality
+<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#about">About Content Negotiation</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#negotiation">Negotiation in Apache</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#methods">The Negotiation Methods</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#better">Fiddling with Quality
Values</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#extensions">Extensions to Transparent Content
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#extensions">Extensions to Transparent Content
Negotiation</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#naming">Note on hyperlinks and naming conventions</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#caching">Note on Caching</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#more">More Information</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#naming">Note on hyperlinks and naming conventions</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#caching">Note on Caching</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#more">More Information</a></li>
</ul></div>
-<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="about" id="about">About Content Negotiation</a></h2>
representations is termed a <strong>variant</strong>. The ways
in which the variants for a negotiable resource vary are called
the <strong>dimensions</strong> of negotiation.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="negotiation" id="negotiation">Negotiation in Apache</a></h2>
<p>A type map is a document which is associated with the handler
named <code>type-map</code> (or, for backwards-compatibility with
- older Apache configurations, the <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#mime-type" title="see glossary">MIME-type</a>
+ older Apache configurations, the <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#mime-type" title="see glossary">MIME-type</a>
<code>application/x-type-map</code>). Note that to use this
feature, you must have a handler set in the configuration that
defines a file suffix as <code>type-map</code>; this is best done
<h3><a name="multiviews" id="multiviews">Multiviews</a></h3>
<p><code>MultiViews</code> is a per-directory option, meaning it
- can be set with an <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#options">Options</a></code>
- directive within a <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code> or <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code> section in
- <code>httpd.conf</code>, or (if <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#allowoverride">AllowOverride</a></code> is properly set) in
+ can be set with an <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#options">Options</a></code>
+ directive within a <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code> or <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code> section in
+ <code>httpd.conf</code>, or (if <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#allowoverride">AllowOverride</a></code> is properly set) in
<code>.htaccess</code> files. Note that <code>Options All</code>
does not set <code>MultiViews</code>; you have to ask for it by
name.</p>
then chooses the best match to the client's requirements.</p>
<p><code>MultiViews</code> may also apply to searches for the file
- named by the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_dir.html#directoryindex">DirectoryIndex</a></code> directive, if the
+ named by the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_dir.html#directoryindex">DirectoryIndex</a></code> directive, if the
server is trying to index a directory. If the configuration files
specify</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>DirectoryIndex index</code></p></div>
<p>If one of the files found when reading the directory does not
have an extension recognized by <code>mod_mime</code> to designate
its Charset, Content-Type, Language, or Encoding, then the result
- depends on the setting of the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_mime.html#multiviewsmatch">MultiViewsMatch</a></code> directive. This
+ depends on the setting of the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#multiviewsmatch">MultiViewsMatch</a></code> directive. This
directive determines whether handlers, filters, and other
extension types can participate in MultiViews negotiation.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="methods" id="methods">The Negotiation Methods</a></h2>
indicate the dimensions of variance.</li>
</ol>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="better" id="better">Fiddling with Quality
Values</a></h2>
these error messages, it is possible to configure Apache to ignore
the <code>Accept-language</code> in these cases and provide a
document that does not explicitly match the client's request. The
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_negotiation.html#forcelanguagepriority">ForceLanguagePriority</a></code>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html#forcelanguagepriority">ForceLanguagePriority</a></code>
directive can be used to override one or both of these error
messages and substitute the servers judgement in the form of the
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_negotiation.html#languagepriority">LanguagePriority</a></code>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html#languagepriority">LanguagePriority</a></code>
directive.</p>
<p>The server will also attempt to match language-subsets when no
English in general. Unfortunately, many current clients have
default configurations that resemble this.) However, if no other
language match is possible and the server is about to return a "No
- Acceptable Variants" error or fallback to the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_negotiation.html#languagepriority">LanguagePriority</a></code>, the server
+ Acceptable Variants" error or fallback to the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html#languagepriority">LanguagePriority</a></code>, the server
will ignore the subset specification and match <code>en-GB</code>
against <code>en</code> documents. Implicitly, Apache will add
the parent language to the client's acceptable language list with
<p>In order to support advanced techniques (such as cookies or
special URL-paths) to determine the user's preferred language,
- since Apache 2.0.47 <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code> recognizes
+ since Apache 2.0.47 <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code> recognizes
the <a href="env.html">environment variable</a>
<code>prefer-language</code>. If it exists and contains an
- appropriate language tag, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code> will
+ appropriate language tag, <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code> will
try to select a matching variant. If there's no such variant,
the normal negotiation process applies.</p>
Header append Vary cookie
</code></p></div>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="extensions" id="extensions">Extensions to Transparent Content
Negotiation</a></h2>
acceptable according to the <code>Accept-Encoding</code> request
header. The RVSA/1.0 implementation does not round computed quality
factors to 5 decimal places before choosing the best variant.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="naming" id="naming">Note on hyperlinks and naming conventions</a></h2>
extension (including an encoding extension if there is one)
must be on the right hand side of the MIME-type extension
(<em>e.g.</em>, <code>foo.html.en</code>).</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="caching" id="caching">Note on Caching</a></h2>
responses.</p>
<p>For requests which come from a HTTP/1.0 compliant client
- (either a browser or a cache), the directive <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_negotiation.html#cachenegotiateddocs">CacheNegotiatedDocs</a></code> can be
+ (either a browser or a cache), the directive <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html#cachenegotiateddocs">CacheNegotiatedDocs</a></code> can be
used to allow caching of responses which were subject to
negotiation. This directive can be given in the server config or
virtual host, and takes no arguments. It has no effect on requests
encourage a cache to use the local copy regardless of the
negotiation dimensions, set the <code>force-no-vary</code> <a href="env.html#special">environment variable</a>.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="more" id="more">More Information</a></h2>
updated to include changes in Apache 2.0.</p>
</div></div>
<div class="bottomlang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./content-negotiation.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./content-negotiation.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./content-negotiation.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/content-negotiation.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./ja/content-negotiation.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/content-negotiation.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div><div id="footer">
<p class="apache">Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
</body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
<metafile>
<basename>content-negotiation</basename>
- <path>/./</path>
- <relpath>..</relpath>
+ <path>/</path>
+ <relpath>.</relpath>
<variants>
<variant>en</variant>
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
-->
<title>Custom Error Responses - Apache HTTP Server</title>
-<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
-<link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
-<link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
-<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
+<link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
+<link href="./images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
-<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
-<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
-<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href=".
./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Custom Error Responses</h1>
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Custom Error Responses</h1>
<div class="toplang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./custom-error.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../es/./custom-error.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./custom-error.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./custom-error.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/custom-error.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./es/custom-error.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> |
+<a href="./ja/custom-error.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/custom-error.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div>
<p>Additional functionality allows webmasters to configure the response
then this response can be replaced with either some friendlier text or by
a redirection to another URL (local or external).</p>
</div>
-<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#behavior">Behavior</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#configuration">Configuration</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#custom">Custom Error Responses and Redirects</a></li>
+<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#behavior">Behavior</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#configuration">Configuration</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#custom">Custom Error Responses and Redirects</a></li>
</ul></div>
-<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="behavior" id="behavior">Behavior</a></h2>
new URL (assuming it's a cgi-script or a cgi-include). The
other variables will exist only if they existed prior to
the error/problem. <strong>None</strong> of these will be
- set if your <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#errordocument">ErrorDocument</a></code> is an
+ set if your <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#errordocument">ErrorDocument</a></code> is an
<em>external</em> redirect (anything starting with a
scheme name like <code>http:</code>, even if it refers to the same host
as the server).</p>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="configuration" id="configuration">Configuration</a></h2>
- <p>Use of <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#errordocument">ErrorDocument</a></code> is enabled
+ <p>Use of <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#errordocument">ErrorDocument</a></code> is enabled
for .htaccess files when the
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#allowoverride">AllowOverride</a></code> is set accordingly.</p>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#allowoverride">AllowOverride</a></code> is set accordingly.</p>
<p>Here are some examples...</p>
<li>A local URL to redirect to.</li>
</ol>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="custom" id="custom">Custom Error Responses and Redirects</a></h2>
</div></div>
<div class="bottomlang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./custom-error.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../es/./custom-error.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./custom-error.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./custom-error.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/custom-error.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./es/custom-error.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> |
+<a href="./ja/custom-error.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/custom-error.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div><div id="footer">
<p class="apache">Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
</body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
<metafile>
<basename>custom-error</basename>
- <path>/./</path>
- <relpath>..</relpath>
+ <path>/</path>
+ <relpath>.</relpath>
<variants>
<variant>en</variant>
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
-->
<title>Issues Regarding DNS and Apache - Apache HTTP Server</title>
-<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
-<link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
-<link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
-<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
+<link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
+<link href="./images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
-<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
-<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
-<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href=".
./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Issues Regarding DNS and Apache</h1>
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Issues Regarding DNS and Apache</h1>
<div class="toplang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./dns-caveats.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./dns-caveats.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./dns-caveats.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/dns-caveats.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./ja/dns-caveats.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/dns-caveats.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div>
<p>This page could be summarized with the statement: don't
or denial and theft of service attacks (including users able
to steal hits from other users).</p>
</div>
-<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#example">A Simple Example</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#denial">Denial of Service</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#main">The "main server" Address</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#tips">Tips to Avoid These Problems</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#appendix">Appendix: Future Directions</a></li>
+<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#example">A Simple Example</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#denial">Denial of Service</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#main">The "main server" Address</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#tips">Tips to Avoid These Problems</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#appendix">Appendix: Future Directions</a></li>
</ul></div>
-<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="example" id="example">A Simple Example</a></h2>
<p>In order for Apache to function properly, it absolutely needs
to have two pieces of information about each virtual host: the
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code> and at least one
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code> and at least one
IP address that the server will bind and respond to. The above
example does not include the IP address, so Apache must use DNS
to find the address of <code>www.abc.dom</code>. If for some
DocumentRoot /www/abc <br />
</VirtualHost>
</code></p></div>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="denial" id="denial">Denial of Service</a></h2>
this happens requires a more in-depth discussion of how Apache
matches up incoming requests with the virtual host that will
serve it. A rough document describing this <a href="vhosts/details.html">is available</a>.</p>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="main" id="main">The "main server" Address</a></h2>
<p>The addition of <a href="vhosts/name-based.html">name-based
virtual host support</a> in Apache 1.1 requires Apache to know
- the IP address(es) of the host that <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code>
+ the IP address(es) of the host that <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code>
is running on. To get this address it uses either the global
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code>
(if present) or calls the C function <code>gethostname</code>
(which should return the same as typing "hostname" at the
command prompt). Then it performs a DNS lookup on this address.
with the <code>HOSTRESORDER</code> environment variable set to
"local". This all depends on what OS and resolver libraries you
are using. It also affects CGIs unless you use
- <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_env.html">mod_env</a></code> to control the environment. It's best
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_env.html">mod_env</a></code> to control the environment. It's best
to consult the man pages or FAQs for your OS.</p>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="tips" id="tips">Tips to Avoid These Problems</a></h2>
<ul>
<li>
use IP addresses in
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost">VirtualHost</a></code>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost">VirtualHost</a></code>
</li>
<li>
use IP addresses in
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code>
</li>
<li>
ensure all virtual hosts have an explicit
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code>
</li>
<li>create a <code><VirtualHost _default_:*></code>
server that has no pages to serve</li>
</ul>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="appendix" id="appendix">Appendix: Future Directions</a></h2>
webservers.</p>
</div></div>
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+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/dns-caveats.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./ja/dns-caveats.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/dns-caveats.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div><div id="footer">
<p class="apache">Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
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<title>Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support - Apache HTTP Server</title>
-<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
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+<link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
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<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
-<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
-<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
-<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href=".
./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support</h1>
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support</h1>
<div class="toplang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./dso.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./dso.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./dso.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/dso.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./ja/dso.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/dso.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div>
<p>The Apache HTTP Server is a modular program where the
administrator can choose the functionality to include in the
server by selecting a set of modules. The modules can be
- statically compiled into the <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> binary when the
+ statically compiled into the <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> binary when the
server is built. Alternatively, modules can be compiled as
Dynamic Shared Objects (DSOs) that exist separately from the
- main <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> binary file. DSO modules may be
+ main <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> binary file. DSO modules may be
compiled at the time the server is built, or they may be
compiled and added at a later time using the Apache Extension
- Tool (<code class="program"><a href="../programs/apxs.html">apxs</a></code>).</p>
+ Tool (<code class="program"><a href="./programs/apxs.html">apxs</a></code>).</p>
<p>This document describes how to use DSO modules as well as
the theory behind their use.</p>
</div>
-<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#implementation">Implementation</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#usage">Usage Summary</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#background">Background</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#advantages">Advantages and Disadvantages</a></li>
+<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#implementation">Implementation</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#usage">Usage Summary</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#background">Background</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#advantages">Advantages and Disadvantages</a></li>
</ul></div>
-<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="implementation" id="implementation">Implementation</a></h2>
-<table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_so.html">mod_so</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_so.html#loadmodule">LoadModule</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
+<table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_so.html">mod_so</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_so.html#loadmodule">LoadModule</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
<p>The DSO support for loading individual Apache modules is based
- on a module named <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_so.html">mod_so</a></code> which must be statically
+ on a module named <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_so.html">mod_so</a></code> which must be statically
compiled into the Apache core. It is the only module besides
- <code class="module"><a href="../mod/core.html">core</a></code> which cannot be put into a DSO
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/core.html">core</a></code> which cannot be put into a DSO
itself. Practically all other distributed Apache modules can then
be placed into a DSO by individually enabling the DSO build for
- them via <code class="program"><a href="../programs/configure.html">configure</a></code>'s
+ them via <code class="program"><a href="./programs/configure.html">configure</a></code>'s
<code>--enable-<em>module</em>=shared</code> option as discussed
in the <a href="install.html">install documentation</a>. After a
module is compiled into a DSO named <code>mod_foo.so</code> you
- can use <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_so.html">mod_so</a></code>'s <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_so.html#loadmodule">LoadModule</a></code> command in your
+ can use <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_so.html">mod_so</a></code>'s <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_so.html#loadmodule">LoadModule</a></code> command in your
<code>httpd.conf</code> file to load this module at server startup
or restart.</p>
<p>To simplify this creation of DSO files for Apache modules
(especially for third-party modules) a new support program
- named <code class="program"><a href="../programs/apxs.html">apxs</a></code> (<dfn>APache
+ named <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apxs.html">apxs</a></code> (<dfn>APache
eXtenSion</dfn>) is available. It can be used to build DSO based
modules <em>outside of</em> the Apache source tree. The idea is
- simple: When installing Apache the <code class="program"><a href="../programs/configure.html">configure</a></code>'s
+ simple: When installing Apache the <code class="program"><a href="./programs/configure.html">configure</a></code>'s
<code>make install</code> procedure installs the Apache C
header files and puts the platform-dependent compiler and
- linker flags for building DSO files into the <code class="program"><a href="../programs/apxs.html">apxs</a></code>
- program. This way the user can use <code class="program"><a href="../programs/apxs.html">apxs</a></code> to compile
+ linker flags for building DSO files into the <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apxs.html">apxs</a></code>
+ program. This way the user can use <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apxs.html">apxs</a></code> to compile
his Apache module sources without the Apache distribution
source tree and without having to fiddle with the
platform-dependent compiler and linker flags for DSO
support.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="usage" id="usage">Usage Summary</a></h2>
Build and install a <em>third-party</em> Apache module, say
<code>mod_foo.c</code>, into its own DSO
<code>mod_foo.so</code> <em>outside of</em> the Apache
- source tree using <code class="program"><a href="../programs/apxs.html">apxs</a></code>:
+ source tree using <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apxs.html">apxs</a></code>:
<div class="example"><p><code>
$ cd /path/to/3rdparty<br />
</ol>
<p>In all cases, once the shared module is compiled, you must
- use a <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_so.html#loadmodule">LoadModule</a></code>
+ use a <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_so.html#loadmodule">LoadModule</a></code>
directive in <code>httpd.conf</code> to tell Apache to activate
the module.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="background" id="background">Background</a></h2>
modules into the Apache core functionality. So, Apache is
really predestined for using DSO to load its modules at
run-time.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="advantages" id="advantages">Advantages and Disadvantages</a></h2>
<ul>
<li>The server package is more flexible at run-time because
the actual server process can be assembled at run-time via
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_so.html#loadmodule">LoadModule</a></code>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_so.html#loadmodule">LoadModule</a></code>
<code>httpd.conf</code> configuration commands instead of
- <code class="program"><a href="../programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> options at build-time. For instance
+ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> options at build-time. For instance
this way one is able to run different server instances
(standard & SSL version, minimalistic & powered up
version [mod_perl, PHP3], <em>etc.</em>) with only one Apache
<em>etc.</em></li>
<li>Easier Apache module prototyping because with the
- DSO/<code class="program"><a href="../programs/apxs.html">apxs</a></code> pair you can both work outside the
+ DSO/<code class="program"><a href="./programs/apxs.html">apxs</a></code> pair you can both work outside the
Apache source tree and only need an <code>apxs -i</code>
command followed by an <code>apachectl restart</code> to
bring a new version of your currently developed module into
</div></div>
<div class="bottomlang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./dso.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./dso.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./dso.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/dso.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./ja/dso.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/dso.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div><div id="footer">
<p class="apache">Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
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<title>Environment Variables in Apache - Apache HTTP Server</title>
-<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
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-<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
+<link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
+<link href="./images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
-<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
-<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
-<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href=".
./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Environment Variables in Apache</h1>
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Environment Variables in Apache</h1>
<div class="toplang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./env.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./env.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./env.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/env.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./ja/env.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/env.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div>
<p>The Apache HTTP Server provides a mechanism for storing
manipulation mechanisms provided by your operating system
shell.</p>
</div>
-<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#setting">Setting Environment Variables</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#using">Using Environment Variables</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#special">Special Purpose Environment Variables</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#examples">Examples</a></li>
+<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#setting">Setting Environment Variables</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#using">Using Environment Variables</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#special">Special Purpose Environment Variables</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#examples">Examples</a></li>
</ul></div>
-<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="setting" id="setting">Setting Environment Variables</a></h2>
- <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_env.html">mod_env</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_setenvif.html">mod_setenvif</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_unique_id.html">mod_unique_id</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_setenvif.html#browsermatch">BrowserMatch</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_setenvif.html#browsermatchnocase">BrowserMatchNoCase</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_env.html#passenv">PassEnv</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewriterule">RewriteRule</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_env.html#setenv">SetEnv</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_setenvif.html#setenvif">SetEnvIf</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_setenvif.html#setenvifnocase">SetEnvIfNoCase</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_env.html#unsetenv">UnsetEnv</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
+ <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_env.html">mod_env</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_setenvif.html">mod_setenvif</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_unique_id.html">mod_unique_id</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_setenvif.html#browsermatch">BrowserMatch</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_setenvif.html#browsermatchnocase">BrowserMatchNoCase</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_env.html#passenv">PassEnv</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewriterule">RewriteRule</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_env.html#setenv">SetEnv</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_setenvif.html#setenvif">SetEnvIf</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_setenvif.html#setenvifnocase">SetEnvIfNoCase</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_env.html#unsetenv">UnsetEnv</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
<h3><a name="basic-manipulation" id="basic-manipulation">Basic Environment Manipulation</a></h3>
<p>The most basic way to set an environment variable in Apache
- is using the unconditional <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_env.html#setenv">SetEnv</a></code> directive. Variables may also be passed from
+ is using the unconditional <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_env.html#setenv">SetEnv</a></code> directive. Variables may also be passed from
the environment of the shell which started the server using the
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_env.html#passenv">PassEnv</a></code> directive.</p>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_env.html#passenv">PassEnv</a></code> directive.</p>
<h3><a name="conditional" id="conditional">Conditional Per-Request Settings</a></h3>
requests. For example, a variable could be set only when a
specific browser (User-Agent) is making a request, or only when
a specific Referer [sic] header is found. Even more flexibility
- is available through the mod_rewrite's <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewriterule">RewriteRule</a></code> which uses the
+ is available through the mod_rewrite's <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewriterule">RewriteRule</a></code> which uses the
<code>[E=...]</code> option to set environment variables.</p>
<li>It is not possible to override or change the standard CGI
variables using the environment manipulation directives.</li>
- <li>When <code class="program"><a href="../programs/suexec.html">suexec</a></code> is used to launch
+ <li>When <code class="program"><a href="./programs/suexec.html">suexec</a></code> is used to launch
CGI scripts, the environment will be cleaned down to a set of
<em>safe</em> variables before CGI scripts are launched. The
list of <em>safe</em> variables is defined at compile-time in
CGI scripts and SSI pages.</li>
</ul>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="using" id="using">Using Environment Variables</a></h2>
- <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_host.html">mod_authz_host</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ext_filter.html">mod_ext_filter</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_headers.html">mod_headers</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html">mod_log_config</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_host.html#allow">Allow</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_host.html#deny">Deny</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_ext_filter.html#extfilterdefine">ExtFilterDefine</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_headers.html#header">Header</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#logformat">LogFormat</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritecond">RewriteCond</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewriterule">RewriteRule</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
+ <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_authz_host.html">mod_authz_host</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_ext_filter.html">mod_ext_filter</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_headers.html">mod_headers</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html">mod_log_config</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_authz_host.html#allow">Allow</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_authz_host.html#deny">Deny</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_ext_filter.html#extfilterdefine">ExtFilterDefine</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_headers.html#header">Header</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#logformat">LogFormat</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritecond">RewriteCond</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewriterule">RewriteRule</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
<h3><a name="cgi-scripts" id="cgi-scripts">CGI Scripts</a></h3>
<p>Access to the server can be controlled based on the value of
environment variables using the <code>allow from env=</code>
and <code>deny from env=</code> directives. In combination with
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_setenvif.html#setenvif">SetEnvIf</a></code>, this
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_setenvif.html#setenvif">SetEnvIf</a></code>, this
allows for flexible control of access to the server based on
characteristics of the client. For example, you can use these
directives to deny access to a particular browser (User-Agent).
<p>Environment variables can be logged in the access log using
- the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#logformat">LogFormat</a></code>
+ the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#logformat">LogFormat</a></code>
option <code>%e</code>. In addition, the decision on whether
or not to log requests can be made based on the status of
environment variables using the conditional form of the
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code>
- directive. In combination with <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_setenvif.html#setenvif">SetEnvIf</a></code> this allows for flexible control of which
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code>
+ directive. In combination with <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_setenvif.html#setenvif">SetEnvIf</a></code> this allows for flexible control of which
requests are logged. For example, you can choose not to log
requests for filenames ending in <code>gif</code>, or you can
choose to only log requests from clients which are outside your
<h3><a name="response-headers" id="response-headers">Conditional Response Headers</a></h3>
- <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_headers.html#header">Header</a></code>
+ <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_headers.html#header">Header</a></code>
directive can use the presence or
absence of an environment variable to determine whether or not
a certain HTTP header will be placed in the response to the
<h3><a name="external-filter" id="external-filter">External Filter Activation</a></h3>
- <p>External filters configured by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ext_filter.html">mod_ext_filter</a></code>
- using the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_ext_filter.html#extfilterdefine">ExtFilterDefine</a></code> directive can
+ <p>External filters configured by <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_ext_filter.html">mod_ext_filter</a></code>
+ using the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_ext_filter.html#extfilterdefine">ExtFilterDefine</a></code> directive can
by activated conditional on an environment variable using the
<code>disableenv=</code> and <code>enableenv=</code> options.</p>
<p>The <code>%{ENV:...}</code> form of <em>TestString</em> in
- the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritecond">RewriteCond</a></code>
+ the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritecond">RewriteCond</a></code>
allows mod_rewrite's rewrite
engine to make decisions conditional on environment variables.
Note that the variables accessible in mod_rewrite without the
variables. Rather, they are variables special to mod_rewrite
which cannot be accessed from other modules.</p>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="special" id="special">Special Purpose Environment Variables</a></h2>
mechanisms to modify the way Apache behaves when talking to
particular clients. To make these mechanisms as flexible as
possible, they are invoked by defining environment variables,
- typically with <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_setenvif.html#browsermatch">BrowserMatch</a></code>, though <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_env.html#setenv">SetEnv</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_env.html#passenv">PassEnv</a></code> could also be used, for example.</p>
+ typically with <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_setenvif.html#browsermatch">BrowserMatch</a></code>, though <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_env.html#setenv">SetEnv</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_env.html#passenv">PassEnv</a></code> could also be used, for example.</p>
<h3><a name="downgrade" id="downgrade">downgrade-1.0</a></h3>
<p>When set to a value of "1", this variable disables the DEFLATE
- output filter provided by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_deflate.html">mod_deflate</a></code> for
+ output filter provided by <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_deflate.html">mod_deflate</a></code> for
content-types other than <code>text/html</code>. If you'd rather
- use statically compressed files; <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code>
+ use statically compressed files; <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code>
evaluates the variable as well (not only for gzip, but for all
encodings that differ from "identity").</p>
<h3><a name="no-gzip" id="no-gzip">no-gzip</a></h3>
<p>When set, the <code>DEFLATE</code> filter of
- <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_deflate.html">mod_deflate</a></code> will be turned off and
- <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code> will refuse to deliver encoded
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_deflate.html">mod_deflate</a></code> will be turned off and
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code> will refuse to deliver encoded
resources.</p>
<h3><a name="nokeepalive" id="nokeepalive">nokeepalive</a></h3>
- <p>This disables <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#keepalive">KeepAlive</a></code>
+ <p>This disables <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#keepalive">KeepAlive</a></code>
when set.</p>
<h3><a name="prefer-language" id="prefer-language">prefer-language</a></h3>
- <p>This influences <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code>'s behaviour. If
+ <p>This influences <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code>'s behaviour. If
it contains a language tag (such as <code>en</code>, <code>ja</code>
- or <code>x-klingon</code>), <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code> tries
+ or <code>x-klingon</code>), <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code> tries
to deliver a variant with that language. If there's no such variant,
the normal <a href="content-negotiation.html">negotiation</a> process
applies.</p>
<h3><a name="proxy" id="proxy">force-proxy-request-1.0, proxy-nokeepalive, proxy-sendchunked, proxy-sendcl</a></h3>
<p>These directives alter the protocol behavior of
- <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code>. See the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code>
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code>. See the <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code>
documentation for more details.</p>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="examples" id="examples">Examples</a></h2>
</div></div>
<div class="bottomlang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./env.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./env.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./env.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/env.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./ja/env.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/env.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div><div id="footer">
<p class="apache">Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
</body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
<metafile>
<basename>env</basename>
- <path>/./</path>
- <relpath>..</relpath>
+ <path>/</path>
+ <relpath>.</relpath>
<variants>
<variant>en</variant>
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
-->
<title>Filters - Apache HTTP Server</title>
-<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
-<link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
-<link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
-<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
+<link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
+<link href="./images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
-<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
-<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
-<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href=".
./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Filters</h1>
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Filters</h1>
<div class="toplang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./filter.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../es/./filter.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> |
-<a href="../fr/./filter.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./filter.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./filter.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/filter.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./es/filter.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> |
+<a href="./fr/filter.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> |
+<a href="./ja/filter.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/filter.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div>
<p>This document describes the use of filters in Apache.</p>
</div>
-<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#intro">Filtering in Apache 2</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#smart">Smart Filtering</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#using">Using Filters</a></li>
+<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#intro">Filtering in Apache 2</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#smart">Smart Filtering</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#using">Using Filters</a></li>
</ul></div>
-<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="intro" id="intro">Filtering in Apache 2</a></h2>
- <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_filter.html">mod_filter</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_deflate.html">mod_deflate</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ext_filter.html">mod_ext_filter</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_charset_lite.html">mod_charset_lite</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_filter.html#filterchain">FilterChain</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_filter.html#filterdeclare">FilterDeclare</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_filter.html#filterprotocol">FilterProtocol</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_filter.html#filterprovider">FilterProvider</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_mime.html#addinputfilter">AddInputFilter</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_mime.html#addoutputfilter">AddOutputFilter</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_mime.html#removeinputfilter">RemoveInputFilter</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_mime.html#removeoutputfilter">RemoveOutputFilter</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_ext_filter.html#extfilterdefine">ExtFilterDefine</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_ext_filter.html#extfilteroptions">ExtFilterOptions</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#setinputfilter">SetInputFilter</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#setoutputfilter">SetOutputFilter</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
+ <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_filter.html">mod_filter</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_deflate.html">mod_deflate</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_ext_filter.html">mod_ext_filter</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_charset_lite.html">mod_charset_lite</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_filter.html#filterchain">FilterChain</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_filter.html#filterdeclare">FilterDeclare</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_filter.html#filterprotocol">FilterProtocol</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_filter.html#filterprovider">FilterProvider</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#addinputfilter">AddInputFilter</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#addoutputfilter">AddOutputFilter</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#removeinputfilter">RemoveInputFilter</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#removeoutputfilter">RemoveOutputFilter</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_ext_filter.html#extfilterdefine">ExtFilterDefine</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_ext_filter.html#extfilteroptions">ExtFilterOptions</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#setinputfilter">SetInputFilter</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#setoutputfilter">SetOutputFilter</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
<p>The Filter Chain is available in Apache 2.0 and higher,
and enables applications to process incoming and outgoing data
</p>
<p>Some examples of filtering in the standard Apache distribution are:</p>
<ul>
-<li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code>, implements server-side includes.</li>
-<li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ssl.html">mod_ssl</a></code>, implements SSL encryption (https).</li>
-<li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_deflate.html">mod_deflate</a></code>, implements compression/decompression on the fly.</li>
-<li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_charset_lite.html">mod_charset_lite</a></code>, transcodes between different character sets.</li>
-<li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ext_filter.html">mod_ext_filter</a></code>, runs an external program as a filter.</li>
+<li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code>, implements server-side includes.</li>
+<li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_ssl.html">mod_ssl</a></code>, implements SSL encryption (https).</li>
+<li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_deflate.html">mod_deflate</a></code>, implements compression/decompression on the fly.</li>
+<li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_charset_lite.html">mod_charset_lite</a></code>, transcodes between different character sets.</li>
+<li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_ext_filter.html">mod_ext_filter</a></code>, runs an external program as a filter.</li>
</ul>
<p>Apache also uses a number of filters internally to perform
functions like chunking and byte-range handling.</p>
<li>Protection of vulnerable applications such as PHP scripts</li>
<li>Text search-and-replace editing</li>
</ul>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="smart" id="smart">Smart Filtering</a></h2>
<p class="figure">
<img src="images/mod_filter_new.png" width="423" height="331" alt="Smart filtering applies different filter providers according to the state of request processing" />
</p>
-<p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_filter.html">mod_filter</a></code>, included in Apache 2.1 and later,
+<p><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_filter.html">mod_filter</a></code>, included in Apache 2.1 and later,
enables the filter chain to be configured dynamically at run time.
So for example you can set up a proxy to rewrite
HTML with an HTML filter and JPEG images with a completely
<li>A charset conversion filter will be inserted if a text
document is not already in the desired charset</li>
</ul>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="using" id="using">Using Filters</a></h2>
<p>The Simple Way is the only way to configure input filters, and is
sufficient for output filters where you need a static filter chain.
Relevant directives are
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#setinputfilter">SetInputFilter</a></code>,
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#setoutputfilter">SetOutputFilter</a></code>,
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_mime.html#addinputfilter">AddInputFilter</a></code>,
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_mime.html#addoutputfilter">AddOutputFilter</a></code>,
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_mime.html#removeinputfilter">RemoveInputFilter</a></code>, and
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_mime.html#removeoutputfilter">RemoveOutputFilter</a></code>.</p>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#setinputfilter">SetInputFilter</a></code>,
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#setoutputfilter">SetOutputFilter</a></code>,
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#addinputfilter">AddInputFilter</a></code>,
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#addoutputfilter">AddOutputFilter</a></code>,
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#removeinputfilter">RemoveInputFilter</a></code>, and
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#removeoutputfilter">RemoveOutputFilter</a></code>.</p>
<p>The Dynamic Way enables both static and flexible, dynamic configuration
-of output filters, as discussed in the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_filter.html">mod_filter</a></code> page.
+of output filters, as discussed in the <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_filter.html">mod_filter</a></code> page.
Relevant directives are
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_filter.html#filterchain">FilterChain</a></code>,
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_filter.html#filterdeclare">FilterDeclare</a></code>, and
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_filter.html#filterprovider">FilterProvider</a></code>.</p>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_filter.html#filterchain">FilterChain</a></code>,
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_filter.html#filterdeclare">FilterDeclare</a></code>, and
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_filter.html#filterprovider">FilterProvider</a></code>.</p>
-<p>One further directive <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#addoutputfilterbytype">AddOutputFilterByType</a></code> is still supported,
+<p>One further directive <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#addoutputfilterbytype">AddOutputFilterByType</a></code> is still supported,
but may be problematic and is now deprecated. Use dynamic
configuration instead.</p>
</div></div>
<div class="bottomlang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./filter.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../es/./filter.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> |
-<a href="../fr/./filter.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./filter.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./filter.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/filter.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./es/filter.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> |
+<a href="./fr/filter.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> |
+<a href="./ja/filter.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/filter.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div><div id="footer">
<p class="apache">Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
</body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
<metafile>
<basename>filter</basename>
- <path>/./</path>
- <relpath>..</relpath>
+ <path>/</path>
+ <relpath>.</relpath>
<variants>
<variant>en</variant>
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
-->
<title>Glossary - Apache HTTP Server</title>
-<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
-<link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
-<link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
-<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
+<link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
+<link href="./images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
<body id="manual-page" class="no-sidebar"><div id="page-header">
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
-<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
-<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
-<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href=".
./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Glossary</h1>
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Glossary</h1>
<div class="toplang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../de/./glossary.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
-<a href="../en/./glossary.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../es/./glossary.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./glossary.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/glossary.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
+<a href="./en/glossary.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./es/glossary.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> |
+<a href="./ko/glossary.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div>
<p>This glossary defines some of the common terminology related to Apache in
particular, and web serving in general. More information on each concept
is provided in the links.</p>
</div>
-<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="definitions" id="definitions">Definitions</a></h2>
<dt><a name="apacheextensiontool" id="apacheextensiontool">APache
eXtension Tool</a> <a name="apxs" id="apxs">(apxs)</a></dt>
- <dd>A perl script that aids in compiling <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#module" title="see glossary">module</a> sources into Dynamic Shared Objects
- (<a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#dso" title="see glossary">DSO</a>s) and helps install them in the
+ <dd>A perl script that aids in compiling <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#module" title="see glossary">module</a> sources into Dynamic Shared Objects
+ (<a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#dso" title="see glossary">DSO</a>s) and helps install them in the
Apache Web server.<br />
- See: Manual Page: <code class="program"><a href="../programs/apxs.html">apxs</a></code>
+ See: Manual Page: <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apxs.html">apxs</a></code>
</dd>
<dt><a name="apacheportableruntime" id="apacheportableruntime">Apache Portable Runtime</a> <a name="apr" id="apr">(APR)</a></dt>
<dt><a name="certificate" id="certificate">Certificate</a></dt>
<dd>A data record used for authenticating network entities such
as a server or a client. A certificate contains X.509 information pieces
- about its owner (called the subject) and the signing <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#certificationauthority" title="see glossary">Certification Authority</a> (called
- the issuer), plus the owner's <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#publickey" title="see glossary">public
+ about its owner (called the subject) and the signing <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#certificationauthority" title="see glossary">Certification Authority</a> (called
+ the issuer), plus the owner's <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#publickey" title="see glossary">public
key</a> and the
signature made by the CA. Network entities verify these signatures
using CA certificates.<br />
<dt><a name="certificatsigningrequest" id="certificatsigningrequest">Certificate Signing Request</a>
<a name="csr" id="csr">(CSR)</a></dt>
- <dd>An unsigned <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#certificate" title="see glossary">certificate</a> for
- submission to a <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#certificationauthority" title="see glossary">Certification
- Authority</a>, which signs it with the <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#privatekey" title="see glossary">Private Key</a> of their CA
+ <dd>An unsigned <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#certificate" title="see glossary">certificate</a> for
+ submission to a <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#certificationauthority" title="see glossary">Certification
+ Authority</a>, which signs it with the <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#privatekey" title="see glossary">Private Key</a> of their CA
<em>Certificate</em>. Once the CSR is signed, it becomes a real
certificate.<br />
See: <a href="ssl/">SSL/TLS Encryption</a>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ciphertext" id="ciphertext">Ciphertext</a></dt>
- <dd>The result after <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#plaintext" title="see glossary">Plaintext</a> is
- passed through a <a class="glossarylink" href=".
./glossary.html#cipher" title="see glossary">Cipher</a>.<br /> See: <a href="ssl/">SSL/TLS Encryption</a>
+ <dd>The result after <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#plaintext" title="see glossary">Plaintext</a> is
+ passed through a <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#cipher" title="see glossary">Cipher</a>.<br /> See: <a href="ssl/">SSL/TLS Encryption</a>
</dd>
<dt><a name="commongatewayinterface" id="commongatewayinterface">Common
</dd>
<dt><a name="configurationdirective" id="configurationdirective">Configuration Directive</a></dt>
- <dd>See: <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#directive" title="see glossary">Directive</a></dd>
+ <dd>See: <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#directive" title="see glossary">Directive</a></dd>
<dt><a name="configurationfile" id="configurationfile">Configuration
File</a></dt>
- <dd>A text file containing <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#directive" title="see glossary">Directives</a>
+ <dd>A text file containing <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#directive" title="see glossary">Directives</a>
that control the configuration of Apache.<br />
See: <a href="configuring.html">Configuration Files</a>
</dd>
<dt><a name="connect" id="connect">CONNECT</a></dt>
- <dd>An HTTP <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#method" title="see glossary">method</a> for proxying raw data
+ <dd>An HTTP <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#method" title="see glossary">method</a> for proxying raw data
channels over HTTP. It can be used to encapsulate other protocols, such as
the SSL protocol.
</dd>
<dt><a name="context" id="context">Context</a></dt>
- <dd>An area in the <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#configurationfile" title="see glossary">configuration
- files</a> where certain types of <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#directive" title="see glossary">directives</a> are allowed.<br />
+ <dd>An area in the <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#configurationfile" title="see glossary">configuration
+ files</a> where certain types of <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#directive" title="see glossary">directives</a> are allowed.<br />
See: <a href="mod/directive-dict.html#Context">Terms Used to Describe
Apache Directives</a>
</dd>
<dt><a name="digitalsignature" id="digitalsignature">Digital
Signature</a></dt>
<dd>An encrypted text block that validates a certificate or other file. A
- <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#certificationauthority" title="see glossary">Certification Authority</a>
+ <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#certificationauthority" title="see glossary">Certification Authority</a>
creates a signature by generating a hash of the <em>Public Key</em>
embedded in a <em>Certificate</em>, then encrypting the hash with its own
<em>Private Key</em>. Only the CA's public key can decrypt the signature,
<dt><a name="directive" id="directive">Directive</a></dt>
<dd>A configuration command that controls one or more aspects of Apache's
- behavior. Directives are placed in the <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#configurationfile" title="see glossary">Configuration File</a><br />
+ behavior. Directives are placed in the <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#configurationfile" title="see glossary">Configuration File</a><br />
See: <a href="mod/directives.html">Directive Index</a>
</dd>
<dt><a name="dynamicsharedobject" id="dynamicsharedobject">Dynamic
Shared Object</a> <a name="dso" id="dso">(DSO)</a></dt>
- <dd><a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#module" title="see glossary">Modules</a> compiled separately from the
- Apache <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> binary that can be loaded on-demand.<br />
+ <dd><a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#module" title="see glossary">Modules</a> compiled separately from the
+ Apache <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> binary that can be loaded on-demand.<br />
See: <a href="dso.html">Dynamic Shared Object Support</a>
</dd>
server. Input filters process data sent by the client to the server,
while output filters process documents on the server before they are sent
to the client. For example, the <code>INCLUDES</code> output filter
- processes documents for <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#ssi" title="see glossary">Server Side
+ processes documents for <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#ssi" title="see glossary">Server Side
Includes</a>.<br />
See: <a href="filter.html">Filters</a>
</dd>
type. Normally, all files are simply served by the server, but certain
file types are "handled" separately. For example, the
<code>cgi-script</code> handler designates files to be processed as
- <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#cgi" title="see glossary">CGIs</a>.<br />
+ <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#cgi" title="see glossary">CGIs</a>.<br />
See: <a href="handler.html">Apache's Handler Use</a>
</dd>
</dd>
<dt><a name="header" id="header">Header</a></dt>
- <dd>The part of the <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#http" title="see glossary">HTTP</a> request and
+ <dd>The part of the <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#http" title="see glossary">HTTP</a> request and
response that is sent before the actual content, and that contains
meta-information describing the content.
</dd>
<dt><a name="htaccess" id="htaccess">.htaccess</a></dt>
- <dd>A <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#configurationfile" title="see glossary">configuration file</a> that
- is placed inside the web tree and applies configuration <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#directive" title="see glossary">directives</a> to the directory where it is
+ <dd>A <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#configurationfile" title="see glossary">configuration file</a> that
+ is placed inside the web tree and applies configuration <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#directive" title="see glossary">directives</a> to the directory where it is
placed and all sub-directories. Despite its name, this file can hold
almost any type of directive, not just access-control directives.<br />
See: <a href="configuring.html">Configuration Files</a>
</dd>
<dt><a name="httpd.conf" id="httpd.conf">httpd.conf</a></dt>
- <dd>The main Apache <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#configurationfile" title="see glossary">configuration
+ <dd>The main Apache <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#configurationfile" title="see glossary">configuration
file</a>. The default location is
<code>/usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf</code>, but it may be moved using
run-time or compile-time configuration.<br />
<dt><a name="https" id="https">HTTPS</a></dt>
<dd>The HyperText Transfer Protocol (Secure), the standard encrypted
communication mechanism on the World Wide Web. This is actually just HTTP
- over <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#ssl" title="see glossary">SSL</a>.<br />
+ over <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#ssl" title="see glossary">SSL</a>.<br />
See: <a href="ssl/">SSL/TLS Encryption</a>
</dd>
<dt><a name="method" id="method">Method</a></dt>
- <dd>In the context of <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#http" title="see glossary">HTTP</a>, an action to
+ <dd>In the context of <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#http" title="see glossary">HTTP</a>, an action to
perform on a resource, specified on the request line by the client. Some
of the methods available in HTTP are <code>GET</code>, <code>POST</code>,
and <code>PUT</code>.
separated by a slash. Some examples are <code>text/html</code>,
<code>image/gif</code>, and <code>application/octet-stream</code>. In
HTTP, the MIME-type is transmitted in the <code>Content-Type</code>
- <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#header" title="see glossary">header</a>.<br />
+ <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#header" title="see glossary">header</a>.<br />
See: <a href="mod/mod_mime.html">mod_mime</a>
</dd>
<dt><a name="module" id="module">Module</a></dt>
<dd>An independent part of a program. Much of Apache's functionality is
contained in modules that you can choose to include or exclude. Modules
- that are compiled into the Apache <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> binary are
+ that are compiled into the Apache <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> binary are
called <dfn>static modules</dfn>, while modules that are stored
separately and can be optionally loaded at run-time are called
- <dfn>dynamic modules</dfn> or <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#dso" title="see glossary">DSOs</a>.
+ <dfn>dynamic modules</dfn> or <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#dso" title="see glossary">DSOs</a>.
Modules that are included by default
are called <dfn>base modules</dfn>. Many modules are available for Apache
- that are not distributed as part of the Apache HTTP Server <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#tarball" title="see glossary">tarball</a>. These are referred to as
+ that are not distributed as part of the Apache HTTP Server <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#tarball" title="see glossary">tarball</a>. These are referred to as
<dfn>third-party modules</dfn>.<br />
See: <a href="mod/">Module Index</a>
</dd>
<dt><a name="passphrase" id="passphrase">Pass Phrase</a></dt>
<dd>The word or phrase that protects private key files. It prevents
unauthorized users from encrypting them. Usually it's just the secret
- encryption/decryption key used for <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#cipher" title="see glossary">Ciphers</a>.<br />
+ encryption/decryption key used for <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#cipher" title="see glossary">Ciphers</a>.<br />
See: <a href="ssl/">SSL/TLS Encryption</a>
</dd>
<dd>The unencrypted text.</dd>
<dt><a name="privatekey" id="privatekey">Private Key</a></dt>
- <dd>The secret key in a <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#publickeycryptography" title="see glossary">Public Key
+ <dd>The secret key in a <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#publickeycryptography" title="see glossary">Public Key
Cryptography</a> system, used to decrypt incoming messages and
sign outgoing ones.<br />
See: <a href="ssl/">SSL/TLS Encryption</a>
</dd>
<dt><a name="publickey" id="publickey">Public Key</a></dt>
- <dd>The publicly available key in a <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#publickeycryptography" title="see glossary">Public Key Cryptography</a> system,
+ <dd>The publicly available key in a <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#publickeycryptography" title="see glossary">Public Key Cryptography</a> system,
used to encrypt messages bound for its owner and to decrypt signatures
made by its owner.<br />
See: <a href="ssl/">SSL/TLS Encryption</a>
</dd>
<dt><a name="reverseproxy" id="reverseproxy">Reverse Proxy</a></dt>
- <dd>A <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#proxy" title="see glossary">proxy</a> server that appears to the client
+ <dd>A <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#proxy" title="see glossary">proxy</a> server that appears to the client
as if it is an <em>origin server</em>. This is useful to hide the real
origin server from the client for security reasons, or to load balance.
</dd>
<dt><a name="uniformresourcelocator" id="uniformresourcelocator">Uniform
Resource Locator</a> <a name="url" id="url">(URL)</a></dt>
<dd>The name/address of a resource on the Internet. This is the common
- informal term for what is formally called a <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#uniformresourceidentifier" title="see glossary">Uniform Resource Identifier</a>.
+ informal term for what is formally called a <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#uniformresourceidentifier" title="see glossary">Uniform Resource Identifier</a>.
URLs are usually made up of a scheme, like <code>http</code> or
<code>https</code>, a hostname, and a path. A URL for this page might
be <code>http://httpd.apache.org/docs/trunk/glossary.html</code>.
<a name="URI" id="URI">(URI)</a></dt>
<dd>A compact string of characters for identifying an abstract or physical
resource. It is formally defined by <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2396.txt">RFC 2396</a>. URIs used on the
- world-wide web are commonly referred to as <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#url" title="see glossary">URLs</a>.
+ world-wide web are commonly referred to as <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#url" title="see glossary">URLs</a>.
</dd>
<dt><a name="virtualhosting" id="virtualhosting">Virtual Hosting</a></dt>
</dl>
</div></div>
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-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../de/./glossary.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
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+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
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<title>Apache's Handler Use - Apache HTTP Server</title>
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<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
-<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
-<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
-<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href=".
./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Apache's Handler Use</h1>
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Apache's Handler Use</h1>
<div class="toplang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./handler.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../es/./handler.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./handler.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./handler.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/handler.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./es/handler.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> |
+<a href="./ja/handler.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/handler.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div>
<p>This document describes the use of Apache's Handlers.</p>
</div>
-<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#definition">What is a Handler</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#examples">Examples</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#programmer">Programmer's Note</a></li>
+<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#definition">What is a Handler</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#examples">Examples</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#programmer">Programmer's Note</a></li>
</ul></div>
-<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="definition" id="definition">What is a Handler</a></h2>
- <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_actions.html">mod_actions</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_asis.html">mod_asis</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_imagemap.html">mod_imagemap</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_info.html">mod_info</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_mime.html">mod_mime</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_status.html">mod_status</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_actions.html#action">Action</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_mime.html#addhandler">AddHandler</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_mime.html#removehandler">RemoveHandler</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#sethandler">SetHandler</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
+ <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_actions.html">mod_actions</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_asis.html">mod_asis</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_imagemap.html">mod_imagemap</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_info.html">mod_info</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html">mod_mime</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_status.html">mod_status</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_actions.html#action">Action</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#addhandler">AddHandler</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#removehandler">RemoveHandler</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#sethandler">SetHandler</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
<p>A "handler" is an internal Apache representation of the
Extensions</a>.)</p>
<p>Handlers can either be built into the server or included in
- a module, or they can be added with the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_actions.html#action">Action</a></code> directive. The
+ a module, or they can be added with the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_actions.html#action">Action</a></code> directive. The
built-in handlers in the standard distribution are as
follows:</p>
default to handle static content. (core)</li>
<li><strong>send-as-is</strong>: Send file with HTTP headers
- as is. (<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_asis.html">mod_asis</a></code>)</li>
+ as is. (<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_asis.html">mod_asis</a></code>)</li>
<li><strong>cgi-script</strong>: Treat the file as a CGI
- script. (<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code>)</li>
+ script. (<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code>)</li>
<li><strong>imap-file</strong>: Parse as an imagemap rule
- file. (<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_imagemap.html">mod_imagemap</a></code>)</li>
+ file. (<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_imagemap.html">mod_imagemap</a></code>)</li>
<li><strong>server-info</strong>: Get the server's
- configuration information. (<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_info.html">mod_info</a></code>)</li>
+ configuration information. (<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_info.html">mod_info</a></code>)</li>
<li><strong>server-status</strong>: Get the server's status
- report. (<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_status.html">mod_status</a></code>)</li>
+ report. (<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_status.html">mod_status</a></code>)</li>
<li><strong>type-map</strong>: Parse as a type map file for
- content negotiation. (<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code>)</li>
+ content negotiation. (<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code>)</li>
</ul>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="examples" id="examples">Examples</a></h2>
</code></p></div>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="programmer" id="programmer">Programmer's Note</a></h2>
as to not invade the media type name-space.</p>
</div></div>
<div class="bottomlang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./handler.html" title="English"> en </a> |
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+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/handler.html" title="English"> en </a> |
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-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
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-->
<title>Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3
Documentation - Apache HTTP Server</title>
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<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
-<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
-<div class="up"><a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs-project/"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs-project/"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a></div>
<div id="page-content"><h1>Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3
Documentation</h1>
<div class="toplang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../de/./" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
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-<a href="../pt-br/./" hreflang="pt-br" rel="alternate" title="Português (Brasil)"> pt-br </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
+<a href="./en/" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./es/" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> |
+<a href="./fr/" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> |
+<a href="./ja/" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
+<a href="./pt-br/" hreflang="pt-br" rel="alternate" title="Português (Brasil)"> pt-br </a></p>
</div>
<form method="get" action="http://www.google.com/search"><p><input name="as_q" value="" type="text" /> <input value="Google Search" type="submit" /><input value="10" name="num" type="hidden" /><input value="en" name="hl" type="hidden" /><input value="ISO-8859-1" name="ie" type="hidden" /><input value="Google Search" name="btnG" type="hidden" /><input name="as_epq" value="Version 2.3" type="hidden" /><input name="as_oq" value="" type="hidden" /><input name="as_eq" value=""List-Post"" type="hidden" /><input value="" name="lr" type="hidden" /><input value="i" name="as_ft" type="hidden" /><input value="" name="as_filetype" type="hidden" /><input value="all" name="as_qdr" type="hidden" /><input value="any" name="as_occt" type="hidden" /><input value="i" name="as_dt" type="hidden" /><input value="httpd.apache.org" name="as_sitesearch" type="hidden" /><input value="off" name="safe" type="hidden" /></p></form>
<table id="indextable"><tr><td class="col1"><div class="category"><h2><a name="release" id="release">Release Notes</a></h2>
</ul>
</div></td></tr></table></div>
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+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
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+<a href="./ko/" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
+<a href="./pt-br/" hreflang="pt-br" rel="alternate" title="Português (Brasil)"> pt-br </a></p>
</div><div id="footer">
<p class="apache">Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
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+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
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<title>Compiling and Installing - Apache HTTP Server</title>
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+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
-<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
-<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
-<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href=".
./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Compiling and Installing</h1>
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Compiling and Installing</h1>
<div class="toplang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../de/./install.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
-<a href="../en/./install.html" title="English"> en </a> |
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-<a href="../fr/./install.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./install.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./install.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/install.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
+<a href="./en/install.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./es/install.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> |
+<a href="./fr/install.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> |
+<a href="./ja/install.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/install.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div>
example, 2.2.50 to 2.2.51), please skip down to the <a href="#upgrading">upgrading</a> section.</p>
</div>
-<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#overview">Overview for the
+<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#overview">Overview for the
impatient</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#requirements">Requirements</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#download">Download</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#extract">Extract</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#configure">Configuring the source tree</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#compile">Build</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#install">Install</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#customize">Customize</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#test">Test</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#upgrading">Upgrading</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#requirements">Requirements</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#download">Download</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#extract">Extract</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#configure">Configuring the source tree</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#compile">Build</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#install">Install</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#customize">Customize</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#test">Test</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#upgrading">Upgrading</a></li>
</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="programs/configure.html">Configure the source tree</a></li><li><a href="invoking.html">Starting Apache</a></li><li><a href="stopping.html">Stopping and Restarting</a></li></ul></div>
-<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="overview" id="overview">Overview for the
impatient</a></h2>
<p>Each section of the compilation and installation process is
described in more detail below, beginning with the requirements
for compiling and installing Apache httpd.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="requirements" id="requirements">Requirements</a></h2>
<dt><a href="http://www.perl.org/">Perl 5</a>
[OPTIONAL]</dt>
- <dd>For some of the support scripts like <code class="program"><a href="../programs/apxs.html">apxs</a></code> or <code class="program"><a href="../programs/dbmmanage.html">dbmmanage</a></code> (which are
+ <dd>For some of the support scripts like <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apxs.html">apxs</a></code> or <code class="program"><a href="./programs/dbmmanage.html">dbmmanage</a></code> (which are
written in Perl) the Perl 5 interpreter is required (versions
5.003 or newer are sufficient). If you have multiple Perl
interpreters (for example, a systemwide install of Perl 4, and
your own install of Perl 5), you are advised to use the
<code>--with-perl</code> option (see below) to make sure the
- correct one is used by <code class="program"><a href="../programs/configure.html">configure</a></code>.
+ correct one is used by <code class="program"><a href="./programs/configure.html">configure</a></code>.
If no Perl 5 interpreter is found by the
- <code class="program"><a href="../programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> script, you will not be able to use
+ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> script, you will not be able to use
the affected support scripts. Of course, you will still be able to
build and use Apache httpd.</dd>
</dl>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="download" id="download">Download</a></h2>
page</a> and an extended example is available describing the <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/dev/verification.html">use of
PGP</a>.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="extract" id="extract">Extract</a></h2>
containing the source code for the distribution. You should
<code>cd</code> into that directory before proceeding with
compiling the server.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="configure" id="configure">Configuring the source tree</a></h2>
<p>The next step is to configure the Apache source tree for your
particular platform and personal requirements. This is done using
- the script <code class="program"><a href="../programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> included in
+ the script <code class="program"><a href="./programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> included in
the root directory of the distribution. (Developers downloading
an unreleased version of the Apache source tree will need to have
<code>autoconf</code> and <code>libtool</code> installed and will
<p>To configure the source tree using all the default options,
simply type <code>./configure</code>. To change the default
- options, <code class="program"><a href="../programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> accepts a variety of variables
+ options, <code class="program"><a href="./programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> accepts a variety of variables
and command line options.</p>
<p>The most important option is the location <code>--prefix</code>
<code>--enable-<var>module</var>=shared</code>. Similarly, you can
disable Base modules with the
<code>--disable-<var>module</var></code> option. Be careful when
- using these options, since <code class="program"><a href="../programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> cannot warn you
+ using these options, since <code class="program"><a href="./programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> cannot warn you
if the module you specify does not exist; it will simply ignore the
option.</p>
<p>In addition, it is sometimes necessary to provide the
- <code class="program"><a href="../programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> script with extra information about the
+ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> script with extra information about the
location of your compiler, libraries, or header files. This is
done by passing either environment variables or command line
- options to <code class="program"><a href="../programs/configure.html">configure</a></code>. For more information, see the
- <code class="program"><a href="../programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> manual page.</p>
+ options to <code class="program"><a href="./programs/configure.html">configure</a></code>. For more information, see the
+ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> manual page.</p>
<p>For a short impression of what possibilities you have, here
is a typical example which compiles Apache for the installation
tree <code>/sw/pkg/apache</code> with a particular compiler and flags
- plus the two additional modules <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code> and
- <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_speling.html">mod_speling</a></code> for
+ plus the two additional modules <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code> and
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_speling.html">mod_speling</a></code> for
later loading through the DSO mechanism:</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
--enable-speling=shared
</code></p></div>
- <p>When <code class="program"><a href="../programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> is run it will take several minutes to
+ <p>When <code class="program"><a href="./programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> is run it will take several minutes to
test for the availability of features on your system and build
Makefiles which will later be used to compile the server.</p>
- <p>Details on all the different <code class="program"><a href="../programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> options are
- available on the <code class="program"><a href="../programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> manual page.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ <p>Details on all the different <code class="program"><a href="./programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> options are
+ available on the <code class="program"><a href="./programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> manual page.</p>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="compile" id="compile">Build</a></h2>
several minutes to compile and the time will vary widely
depending on your hardware and the number of modules that you
have enabled.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="install" id="install">Install</a></h2>
<p>If you are upgrading, the installation will not overwrite
your configuration files or documents.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="customize" id="customize">Customize</a></h2>
<p>Have a look at the Apache manual under
<code><em>PREFIX</em>/docs/manual/</code> or consult <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/trunk/">http://httpd.apache.org/docs/trunk/</a> for the most recent
version of this manual and a complete reference of available <a href="mod/directives.html">configuration directives</a>.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="test" id="test">Test</a></h2>
<p>You should then be able to request your first document
via the URL <code>http://localhost/</code>. The web page you see is located
- under the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code>,
+ under the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code>,
which will usually be <code><em>PREFIX</em>/htdocs/</code>.
Then <a href="stopping.html">stop</a> the server again by
running:</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>$ <em>PREFIX</em>/bin/apachectl -k stop</code></p></div>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="upgrading" id="upgrading">Upgrading</a></h2>
process will not overwrite any of your existing documents, log
files, or configuration files. In addition, the developers make
every effort to avoid incompatible changes in the
- <code class="program"><a href="../programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> options, run-time configuration, or the
+ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> options, run-time configuration, or the
module API between minor versions. In most cases you should be able to
- use an identical <code class="program"><a href="../programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> command line, an identical
+ use an identical <code class="program"><a href="./programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> command line, an identical
configuration file, and all of your modules should continue to
work.</p>
<code>config.nice</code> in the <code>build</code> directory of
your installed server or at the root of the source tree for your
old install. This will contain the exact
- <code class="program"><a href="../programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> command line that you used to
+ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> command line that you used to
configure the source tree. Then to upgrade from one version to
the next, you need only copy the <code>config.nice</code> file to
the source tree of the new version, edit it to make any desired
environment before putting it into production. For example, you
can install and run the new version along side the old one by
using a different <code>--prefix</code> and a
- different port (by adjusting the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code> directive) to test for any
+ different port (by adjusting the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code> directive) to test for any
incompatibilities before doing the final upgrade.</div>
<p>You can pass additional arguments to <code>config.nice</code>,
- which will be appended to your original <code class="program"><a href="../programs/configure.html">configure</a></code>
+ which will be appended to your original <code class="program"><a href="./programs/configure.html">configure</a></code>
options:</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
</code></p></div>
</div></div>
<div class="bottomlang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../de/./install.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
-<a href="../en/./install.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../es/./install.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> |
-<a href="../fr/./install.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./install.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./install.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/install.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
+<a href="./en/install.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./es/install.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> |
+<a href="./fr/install.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> |
+<a href="./ja/install.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/install.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div><div id="footer">
<p class="apache">Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
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<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
-<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
-<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
-<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href=".
./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Starting Apache</h1>
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Starting Apache</h1>
<div class="toplang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../de/./invoking.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
-<a href="../en/./invoking.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../es/./invoking.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./invoking.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./invoking.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/invoking.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
+<a href="./en/invoking.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./es/invoking.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> |
+<a href="./ja/invoking.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/invoking.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div>
<p>On Windows, Apache is normally run as a service on Windows
and <a href="platform/windows.html#wincons">Running Apache as a
Console Application</a>.</p>
- <p>On Unix, the <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> program
+ <p>On Unix, the <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> program
is run as a daemon that executes continuously in the
background to handle requests. This document describes how
- to invoke <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code>.</p>
+ to invoke <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code>.</p>
</div>
-<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#startup">How Apache Starts</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#errors">Errors During Start-up</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#boot">Starting at Boot-Time</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#info">Additional Information</a></li>
-</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="stopping.html">Stopping and Restarting</a></li><li><code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code></li><li><code class="program"><a href="../programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code></li></ul></div>
-<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#startup">How Apache Starts</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#errors">Errors During Start-up</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#boot">Starting at Boot-Time</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#info">Additional Information</a></li>
+</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="stopping.html">Stopping and Restarting</a></li><li><code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code></li><li><code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code></li></ul></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="startup" id="startup">How Apache Starts</a></h2>
- <p>If the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code>
+ <p>If the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code>
specified in the configuration file is default of 80 (or any other
port below 1024), then it is necessary to have root privileges in
order to start apache, so that it can bind to this privileged
run as a less privileged user. This is controlled by the selected
<a href="mpm.html">Multi-Processing Module</a>.</p>
- <p>The recommended method of invoking the <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code>
- executable is to use the <code class="program"><a href="../programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> control script. This
+ <p>The recommended method of invoking the <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code>
+ executable is to use the <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> control script. This
script sets certain environment variables that are necessary for
- <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> to function correctly under some operating
- systems, and then invokes the <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> binary.
- <code class="program"><a href="../programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> will pass through any command line
- arguments, so any <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> options may also be used with
- <code class="program"><a href="../programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code>. You may also directly edit the
- <code class="program"><a href="../programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> script by changing the <code>HTTPD</code>
+ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> to function correctly under some operating
+ systems, and then invokes the <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> binary.
+ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> will pass through any command line
+ arguments, so any <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> options may also be used with
+ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code>. You may also directly edit the
+ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> script by changing the <code>HTTPD</code>
variable near the top to specify the correct location of the
- <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> binary and any command-line arguments that you
+ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> binary and any command-line arguments that you
wish to be <em>always</em> present.</p>
- <p>The first thing that <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> does when it is
+ <p>The first thing that <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> does when it is
invoked is to locate and read the <a href="configuring.html">configuration file</a>
<code>httpd.conf</code>. The location of this file is set at
compile-time, but it is possible to specify its location at run
the terminal and the command prompt will return almost
immediately. This indicates that the server is up and running.
You can then use your browser to connect to the server and view
- the test page in the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code> directory
+ the test page in the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code> directory
and the local copy of the documentation linked from that
page.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="errors" id="errors">Errors During Start-up</a></h2>
<p>If Apache suffers a fatal problem during startup, it will
write a message describing the problem either to the console or
- to the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a></code> before
+ to the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a></code> before
exiting. One of the most common error messages is "<code>Unable
to bind to Port ...</code>". This message is usually caused by
either:</p>
<p>For further trouble-shooting instructions, consult the
Apache <a href="faq/">FAQ</a>.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="boot" id="boot">Starting at Boot-Time</a></h2>
<p>If you want your server to continue running after a system
- reboot, you should add a call to <code class="program"><a href="../programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> to your
+ reboot, you should add a call to <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> to your
system startup files (typically <code>rc.local</code> or a file in
an <code>rc.N</code> directory). This will start Apache as
root. Before doing this ensure that your server is properly
configured for security and access restrictions.</p>
- <p>The <code class="program"><a href="../programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> script is designed to act like a
+ <p>The <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> script is designed to act like a
standard SysV init script; it can take the arguments
<code>start</code>, <code>restart</code>, and <code>stop</code>
and translate them into the appropriate signals to
- <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code>. So you can often simply link
- <code class="program"><a href="../programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> into the appropriate init directory. But be
+ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code>. So you can often simply link
+ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> into the appropriate init directory. But be
sure to check the exact requirements of your system.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="info" id="info">Additional Information</a></h2>
- <p>Additional information about the command-line options of <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> and <code class="program"><a href="../programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> as well as other support
+ <p>Additional information about the command-line options of <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> and <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> as well as other support
programs included with the server is available on the
<a href="programs/">Server and Supporting Programs</a> page.
There is also documentation on all the <a href="mod/">modules</a> included with the Apache distribution
provide.</p>
</div></div>
<div class="bottomlang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../de/./invoking.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
-<a href="../en/./invoking.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../es/./invoking.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./invoking.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./invoking.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/invoking.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
+<a href="./en/invoking.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./es/invoking.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> |
+<a href="./ja/invoking.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/invoking.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div><div id="footer">
<p class="apache">Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
</body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
<metafile>
<basename>invoking</basename>
- <path>/./</path>
- <relpath>..</relpath>
+ <path>/</path>
+ <relpath>.</relpath>
<variants>
<variant outdated="yes">de</variant>
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
-->
<title>The Apache License, Version 2.0 - Apache HTTP Server</title>
-<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
-<link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
-<link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
-<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
+<link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
+<link href="./images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
<body id="manual-page" class="no-sidebar"><div id="page-header">
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
-<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
-<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
-<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href=".
./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>The Apache License, Version 2.0</h1>
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>The Apache License, Version 2.0</h1>
<div class="toplang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./license.html" title="English"> en </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/license.html" title="English"> en </a></p>
</div>
<p class="centered">Apache License<br />
</div>
</div>
<div class="bottomlang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./license.html" title="English"> en </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/license.html" title="English"> en </a></p>
</div><div id="footer">
<p class="apache">Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
</body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
<metafile>
<basename>license</basename>
- <path>/./</path>
- <relpath>..</relpath>
+ <path>/</path>
+ <relpath>.</relpath>
<variants>
<variant>en</variant>
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
-->
<title>Log Files - Apache HTTP Server</title>
-<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
-<link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
-<link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
-<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
+<link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
+<link href="./images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
-<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
-<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
-<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href=".
./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Log Files</h1>
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Log Files</h1>
<div class="toplang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./logs.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./logs.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./logs.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/logs.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./ja/logs.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/logs.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div>
<p>In order to effectively manage a web server, it is necessary
logging capabilities, and how to understand what the logs
contain.</p>
</div>
-<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#security">Security Warning</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#errorlog">Error Log</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#accesslog">Access Log</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#rotation">Log Rotation</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#piped">Piped Logs</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#virtualhost">Virtual Hosts</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#other">Other Log Files</a></li>
+<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#security">Security Warning</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#errorlog">Error Log</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#accesslog">Access Log</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#rotation">Log Rotation</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#piped">Piped Logs</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#virtualhost">Virtual Hosts</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#other">Other Log Files</a></li>
</ul></div>
-<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="security" id="security">Security Warning</a></h2>
possible for malicious clients to insert control-characters in
the log files, so care must be taken in dealing with raw
logs.</p>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="errorlog" id="errorlog">Error Log</a></h2>
- <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td /><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#loglevel">LogLevel</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
+ <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td /><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#loglevel">LogLevel</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
<p>The server error log, whose name and location is set by the
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a></code> directive, is the
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a></code> directive, is the
most important log file. This is the place where Apache httpd
will send diagnostic information and record any errors that it
encounters in processing requests. It is the first place to
<p>The first item in the log entry is the date and time of the
message. The second entry lists the severity of the error being
- reported. The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#loglevel">LogLevel</a></code>
+ reported. The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#loglevel">LogLevel</a></code>
directive is used to control the types of errors that are sent
to the error log by restricting the severity level. The third
entry gives the IP address of the client that generated the
<div class="example"><p><code>
tail -f error_log
</code></p></div>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="accesslog" id="accesslog">Access Log</a></h2>
- <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html">mod_log_config</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_setenvif.html">mod_setenvif</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#logformat">LogFormat</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_setenvif.html#setenvif">SetEnvIf</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
+ <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html">mod_log_config</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_setenvif.html">mod_setenvif</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#logformat">LogFormat</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_setenvif.html#setenvif">SetEnvIf</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
<p>The server access log records all requests processed by the
server. The location and content of the access log are
- controlled by the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code>
- directive. The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#logformat">LogFormat</a></code>
+ controlled by the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code>
+ directive. The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#logformat">LogFormat</a></code>
directive can be used to simplify the selection of
the contents of the logs. This section describes how to configure the server
to record information in the access log.</p>
<p>Various versions of Apache httpd have used other modules and
directives to control access logging, including
mod_log_referer, mod_log_agent, and the
- <code>TransferLog</code> directive. The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code> directive now subsumes
+ <code>TransferLog</code> directive. The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code> directive now subsumes
the functionality of all the older directives.</p>
<p>The format of the access log is highly configurable. The format
is specified using a format string that looks much like a C-style
printf(1) format string. Some examples are presented in the next
sections. For a complete list of the possible contents of the
- format string, see the <code class="module"><a href=".
./mod/mod_log_config.html">mod_log_config</a></code> <a href="mod/mod_log_config.html#formats">format strings</a>.</p>
+ format string, see the <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html">mod_log_config</a></code> <a href="mod/mod_log_config.html#formats">format strings</a>.</p>
<h3><a name="common" id="common">Common Log Format</a></h3>
control characters "<code>\n</code>" for new-line and
"<code>\t</code>" for tab.</p>
- <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code>
+ <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code>
directive sets up a new log file using the defined
<em>nickname</em>. The filename for the access log is relative to
- the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#serverroot">ServerRoot</a></code> unless it
+ the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#serverroot">ServerRoot</a></code> unless it
begins with a slash.</p>
<p>The above configuration will write log entries in a format
<dt><code>127.0.0.1</code> (<code>%h</code>)</dt>
<dd>This is the IP address of the client (remote host) which
- made the request to the server. If <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#hostnamelookups">HostnameLookups</a></code> is
+ made the request to the server. If <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#hostnamelookups">HostnameLookups</a></code> is
set to <code>On</code>, then the server will try to determine
the hostname and log it in place of the IP address. However,
this configuration is not recommended since it can
significantly slow the server. Instead, it is best to use a
- log post-processor such as <code class="program"><a href="../programs/logresolve.html">logresolve</a></code> to determine
+ log post-processor such as <code class="program"><a href="./programs/logresolve.html">logresolve</a></code> to determine
the hostnames. The IP address reported here is not
necessarily the address of the machine at which the user is
sitting. If a proxy server exists between the user and the
machine. This information is highly unreliable and should
almost never be used except on tightly controlled internal
networks. Apache httpd will not even attempt to determine
- this information unless <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#identitycheck">IdentityCheck</a></code> is set
+ this information unless <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#identitycheck">IdentityCheck</a></code> is set
to <code>On</code>.</dd>
<dt><code>frank</code> (<code>%u</code>)</dt>
<p>Multiple access logs can be created simply by specifying
- multiple <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code>
+ multiple <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code>
directives in the configuration
file. For example, the following directives will create three
access logs. The first contains the basic CLF information,
while the second and third contain referer and browser
- information. The last two <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code> lines show how
+ information. The last two <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code> lines show how
to mimic the effects of the <code>ReferLog</code> and <code>AgentLog</code> directives.</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
</code></p></div>
<p>This example also shows that it is not necessary to define a
- nickname with the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#logformat">LogFormat</a></code> directive. Instead,
- the log format can be specified directly in the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code> directive.</p>
+ nickname with the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#logformat">LogFormat</a></code> directive. Instead,
+ the log format can be specified directly in the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code> directive.</p>
<h3><a name="conditional" id="conditional">Conditional Logs</a></h3>
client request. This is easily accomplished with the help of <a href="env.html">environment variables</a>. First, an
environment variable must be set to indicate that the request
meets certain conditions. This is usually accomplished with
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_setenvif.html#setenvif">SetEnvIf</a></code>. Then the
- <code>env=</code> clause of the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code> directive is used to
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_setenvif.html#setenvif">SetEnvIf</a></code>. Then the
+ <code>env=</code> clause of the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code> directive is used to
include or exclude requests where the environment variable is
set. Some examples:</p>
easier to simply post-process the log files to remove requests
that you do not want to consider.</p>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="rotation" id="rotation">Log Rotation</a></h2>
<p>Another way to perform log rotation is using <a href="#piped">piped logs</a> as discussed in the next
section.</p>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="piped" id="piped">Piped Logs</a></h2>
<p>One important use of piped logs is to allow log rotation
without having to restart the server. The Apache HTTP Server
- includes a simple program called <code class="program"><a href="../programs/rotatelogs.html">rotatelogs</a></code>
+ includes a simple program called <code class="program"><a href="./programs/rotatelogs.html">rotatelogs</a></code>
for this purpose. For example, to rotate the logs every 24 hours, you
can use:</p>
<p>As with conditional logging, piped logs are a very powerful
tool, but they should not be used where a simpler solution like
off-line post-processing is available.</p>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="virtualhost" id="virtualhost">Virtual Hosts</a></h2>
hosts</a>, there are several options for dealing with log
files. First, it is possible to use logs exactly as in a
single-host server. Simply by placing the logging directives
- outside the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code> sections in the
+ outside the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code> sections in the
main server context, it is possible to log all requests in the
same access log and error log. This technique does not allow
for easy collection of statistics on individual virtual
hosts.</p>
- <p>If <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code>
- or <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a></code>
+ <p>If <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code>
+ or <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a></code>
directives are placed inside a
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code>
section, all requests or errors for that virtual host will be
logged only to the specified file. Any virtual host which does
not have logging directives will still have its requests sent
host that is serving the request. Then a program like <a href="programs/other.html">split-logfile</a> can be used to
post-process the access log in order to split it into one file
per virtual host.</p>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="other" id="other">Other Log Files</a></h2>
- <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_logio.html">mod_logio</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_log_forensic.html">mod_log_forensic</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#logformat">LogFormat</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_forensic.html#forensiclog">ForensicLog</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#pidfile">PidFile</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritelog">RewriteLog</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewriteloglevel">RewriteLogLevel</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_cgi.html#scriptlog">ScriptLog</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_cgi.html#scriptlogbuffer">ScriptLogBuffer</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_cgi.html#scriptloglength">ScriptLogLength</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
+ <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_logio.html">mod_logio</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_log_forensic.html">mod_log_forensic</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#logformat">LogFormat</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_forensic.html#forensiclog">ForensicLog</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#pidfile">PidFile</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritelog">RewriteLog</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewriteloglevel">RewriteLogLevel</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cgi.html#scriptlog">ScriptLog</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cgi.html#scriptlogbuffer">ScriptLogBuffer</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cgi.html#scriptloglength">ScriptLogLength</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
<h3>Logging actual bytes sent and recieved</h3>
- <p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_logio.html">mod_logio</a></code> adds in two additional
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#logformat">LogFormat</a></code> fields
+ <p><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_logio.html">mod_logio</a></code> adds in two additional
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#logformat">LogFormat</a></code> fields
(%I and %O) that log the actual number of bytes received and sent
on the network.</p>
<h3>Forensic Logging</h3>
- <p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_log_forensic.html">mod_log_forensic</a></code> provides for forensic logging of
+ <p><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_log_forensic.html">mod_log_forensic</a></code> provides for forensic logging of
client requests. Logging is done before and after processing a
request, so the forensic log contains two log lines for each
request. The forensic logger is very strict with no customizations.
<p>On startup, Apache httpd saves the process id of the parent
httpd process to the file <code>logs/httpd.pid</code>. This
- filename can be changed with the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#pidfile">PidFile</a></code> directive. The
+ filename can be changed with the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#pidfile">PidFile</a></code> directive. The
process-id is for use by the administrator in restarting and
terminating the daemon by sending signals to the parent
process; on Windows, use the -k command line option instead.
<p>In order to aid in debugging, the
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_cgi.html#scriptlog">ScriptLog</a></code> directive
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cgi.html#scriptlog">ScriptLog</a></code> directive
allows you to record the input to and output from CGI scripts.
This should only be used in testing - not for live servers.
More information is available in the <a href="mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a> documentation.</p>
<p>When using the powerful and complex features of <a href="mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a>, it is almost
- always necessary to use the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritelog">RewriteLog</a></code> to help
+ always necessary to use the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritelog">RewriteLog</a></code> to help
in debugging. This log file produces a detailed analysis of how
the rewriting engine transforms requests. The level of detail
- is controlled by the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewriteloglevel">RewriteLogLevel</a></code> directive.</p>
+ is controlled by the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewriteloglevel">RewriteLogLevel</a></code> directive.</p>
</div></div>
<div class="bottomlang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./logs.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./logs.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./logs.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/logs.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./ja/logs.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/logs.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div><div id="footer">
<p class="apache">Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
</body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
<metafile>
<basename>logs</basename>
- <path>/./</path>
- <relpath>..</relpath>
+ <path>/</path>
+ <relpath>.</relpath>
<variants>
<variant>en</variant>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-2022-jp"?>
<!DOCTYPE modulesynopsis SYSTEM "../style/modulesynopsis.dtd">
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="../style/manual.ja.xsl"?>
-<!-- English Revision: 189754:432352 (outdated) -->
+<!-- English Revision: 189754:432359 (outdated) -->
<!--
Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
-->
<title>Multi-Processing Modules (MPMs) - Apache HTTP Server</title>
-<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
-<link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
-<link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
-<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
+<link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
+<link href="./images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
-<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
-<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
-<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href=".
./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Multi-Processing Modules (MPMs)</h1>
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Multi-Processing Modules (MPMs)</h1>
<div class="toplang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../de/./mpm.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
-<a href="../en/./mpm.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../es/./mpm.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./mpm.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./mpm.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/mpm.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
+<a href="./en/mpm.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./es/mpm.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> |
+<a href="./ja/mpm.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/mpm.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div>
<p>This document describes what a Multi-Processing Module is and
how they are used by the Apache HTTP Server.</p>
</div>
-<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#introduction">Introduction</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#choosing">Choosing an MPM</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#defaults">MPM Defaults</a></li>
+<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#introduction">Introduction</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#choosing">Choosing an MPM</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#defaults">MPM Defaults</a></li>
</ul></div>
-<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="introduction" id="introduction">Introduction</a></h2>
<li>Apache can more cleanly and efficiently support a wide
variety of operating systems. In particular, the Windows
version of Apache is now much more efficient, since
- <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code> can use native
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code> can use native
networking features in place of the POSIX layer used in
Apache 1.3. This benefit also extends to other operating
systems that implement specialized MPMs.</li>
<li>The server can be better customized for the needs of the
particular site. For example, sites that need a great deal of
scalability can choose to use a threaded MPM like
- <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code> or <code class="module"><a href="../mod/event.html">event</a></code>, while sites requiring
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/worker.html">worker</a></code> or <code class="module"><a href="./mod/event.html">event</a></code>, while sites requiring
stability or compatibility with older software can use a
- <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>.</li>
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>.</li>
</ul>
<p>At the user level, MPMs appear much like other Apache
be loaded into the server at any time. The list of available
MPMs appears on the <a href="mod/">module index page</a>.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="choosing" id="choosing">Choosing an MPM</a></h2>
<p>To actually choose the desired MPM, use the argument
<code>--with-mpm=<em>NAME</em></code> with the
- <code class="program"><a href="../programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> script. <em>NAME</em> is the name of the
+ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> script. <em>NAME</em> is the name of the
desired MPM.</p>
<p>Once the server has been compiled, it is possible to
determine which MPM was chosen by using <code>./httpd
-l</code>. This command will list every module that is compiled
into the server, including the MPM.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="defaults" id="defaults">MPM Defaults</a></h2>
<table>
-<tr><td>BeOS</td><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Netware</td><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td>OS/2</td><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Unix</td><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Windows</td><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td>BeOS</td><td><code class="module"><a href="./mod/beos.html">beos</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Netware</td><td><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td>OS/2</td><td><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Unix</td><td><code class="module"><a href="./mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Windows</td><td><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code></td></tr>
</table>
</div></div>
<div class="bottomlang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../de/./mpm.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
-<a href="../en/./mpm.html" title="English"> en </a> |
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-<a href="../ko/./mpm.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/mpm.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
+<a href="./en/mpm.html" title="English"> en </a> |
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+<a href="./ja/mpm.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/mpm.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
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<p class="apache">Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
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<title>Overview of new features in Apache 2.0 - Apache HTTP Server</title>
-<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
-<link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
-<link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
-<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
+<link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
+<link href="./images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
-<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
-<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
-<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href=".
./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Overview of new features in Apache 2.0</h1>
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Overview of new features in Apache 2.0</h1>
<div class="toplang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../de/./new_features_2_0.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
-<a href="../en/./new_features_2_0.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../fr/./new_features_2_0.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./new_features_2_0.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./new_features_2_0.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
-<a href="../pt-br/./new_features_2_0.html" hreflang="pt-br" rel="alternate" title="Português (Brasil)"> pt-br </a> |
-<a href="../ru/./new_features_2_0.html" hreflang="ru" rel="alternate" title="Russian"> ru </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/new_features_2_0.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
+<a href="./en/new_features_2_0.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./fr/new_features_2_0.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> |
+<a href="./ja/new_features_2_0.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/new_features_2_0.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
+<a href="./pt-br/new_features_2_0.html" hreflang="pt-br" rel="alternate" title="Português (Brasil)"> pt-br </a> |
+<a href="./ru/new_features_2_0.html" hreflang="ru" rel="alternate" title="Russian"> ru </a></p>
</div>
<p>This document describes some of the major changes between the
1.3 and 2.0 versions of the Apache HTTP Server.</p>
</div>
-<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#core">Core Enhancements</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#module">Module Enhancements</a></li>
+<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#core">Core Enhancements</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#module">Module Enhancements</a></li>
</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="upgrading.html">Upgrading to 2.0 from 1.3</a></li></ul></div>
-<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="core" id="core">Core Enhancements</a></h2>
<dt>Multiprotocol Support</dt>
<dd>Apache now has some of the infrastructure in place to
- support serving multiple protocols. <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_echo.html">mod_echo</a></code> has
+ support serving multiple protocols. <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_echo.html">mod_echo</a></code> has
been written as an example.</dd>
<dt>Better support for non-Unix
<dd>On systems where IPv6 is supported by the underlying
Apache Portable Runtime library, Apache gets IPv6 listening
- sockets by default. Additionally, the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#namevirtualhost">NameVirtualHost</a></code>, and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost">VirtualHost</a></code> directives support
+ sockets by default. Additionally, the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#namevirtualhost">NameVirtualHost</a></code>, and <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost">VirtualHost</a></code> directives support
IPv6 numeric address strings (e.g., "<code>Listen
[2001:db8::1]:8080</code>").</dd>
the stream of content as it is delivered to or from the
server. This allows, for example, the output of CGI scripts to
be parsed for Server Side Include directives using the
- <code>INCLUDES</code> filter in <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code>. The
- module <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ext_filter.html">mod_ext_filter</a></code> allows external programs to
+ <code>INCLUDES</code> filter in <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code>. The
+ module <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_ext_filter.html">mod_ext_filter</a></code> allows external programs to
act as filters in much the same way that CGI programs can act as
handlers.</dd>
<dd>Many confusing directives have been simplified. The often
confusing <code>Port</code> and <code>BindAddress</code> directives
- are gone; only the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code>
- directive is used for IP address binding; the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code> directive specifies the
+ are gone; only the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code>
+ directive is used for IP address binding; the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code> directive specifies the
server name and port number only for redirection and vhost
recognition.</dd>
syntax.</dd>
</dl>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="module" id="module">Module Enhancements</a></h2>
<dl>
- <dt><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ssl.html">mod_ssl</a></code></dt>
+ <dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_ssl.html">mod_ssl</a></code></dt>
<dd>New module in Apache 2.0. This module is an interface
to the SSL/TLS encryption protocols provided by
OpenSSL.</dd>
- <dt><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dav.html">mod_dav</a></code></dt>
+ <dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_dav.html">mod_dav</a></code></dt>
<dd>New module in Apache 2.0. This module implements the HTTP
Distributed Authoring and Versioning (DAV) specification for
posting and maintaining web content.</dd>
- <dt><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_deflate.html">mod_deflate</a></code></dt>
+ <dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_deflate.html">mod_deflate</a></code></dt>
<dd>New module in Apache 2.0. This module allows supporting
browsers to request that content be compressed before delivery,
saving network bandwidth.</dd>
- <dt><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_ldap.html">mod_auth_ldap</a></code></dt>
+ <dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_auth_ldap.html">mod_auth_ldap</a></code></dt>
<dd>New module in Apache 2.0.41. This module allows an LDAP
database to be used to store credentials for HTTP Basic
- Authentication. A companion module, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ldap.html">mod_ldap</a></code>
+ Authentication. A companion module, <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_ldap.html">mod_ldap</a></code>
provides connection pooling and results caching.</dd>
- <dt><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_digest.html">mod_auth_digest</a></code></dt>
+ <dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_auth_digest.html">mod_auth_digest</a></code></dt>
<dd>Includes additional support for session caching across
processes using shared memory.</dd>
- <dt><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_charset_lite.html">mod_charset_lite</a></code></dt>
+ <dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_charset_lite.html">mod_charset_lite</a></code></dt>
<dd>New module in Apache 2.0. This experimental module allows
for character set translation or recoding.</dd>
- <dt><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_file_cache.html">mod_file_cache</a></code></dt>
+ <dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_file_cache.html">mod_file_cache</a></code></dt>
<dd>New module in Apache 2.0. This module includes the
functionality of <code>mod_mmap_static</code> in Apache 1.3,
plus adds further caching abilities.</dd>
- <dt><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_headers.html">mod_headers</a></code></dt>
+ <dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_headers.html">mod_headers</a></code></dt>
<dd>This module is much more flexible in Apache 2.0. It can now
- modify request headers used by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code>, and
+ modify request headers used by <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code>, and
it can conditionally set response headers.</dd>
- <dt><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code></dt>
+ <dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code></dt>
<dd>The proxy module has been completely rewritten to take
advantage of the new filter infrastructure and to implement a
more reliable, HTTP/1.1 compliant proxy. In addition, new
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html#proxy"><Proxy></a></code>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html#proxy"><Proxy></a></code>
configuration sections provide more readable (and internally
faster) control of proxied sites; overloaded <code><Directory
"proxy:..."></code> configuration are not supported. The module
<code>proxy_connect</code>, <code>proxy_ftp</code> and
<code>proxy_http</code>.</dd>
- <dt><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code></dt>
+ <dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code></dt>
- <dd>A new <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_negotiation.html#forcelanguagepriority">ForceLanguagePriority</a></code> directive can be used to assure that
+ <dd>A new <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html#forcelanguagepriority">ForceLanguagePriority</a></code> directive can be used to assure that
the client receives a single document in all cases, rather than
NOT ACCEPTABLE or MULTIPLE CHOICES responses. In addition, the
negotiation and MultiViews algorithms have been cleaned up to
provide more consistent results and a new form of type map that
can include document content is provided.</dd>
- <dt><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_autoindex.html">mod_autoindex</a></code></dt>
+ <dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_autoindex.html">mod_autoindex</a></code></dt>
<dd>Autoindex'ed directory listings can now be configured to
use HTML tables for cleaner formatting, and allow finer-grained
control of sorting, including version-sorting, and wildcard
filtering of the directory listing.</dd>
- <dt><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code></dt>
+ <dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code></dt>
<dd>New directives allow the default start and end tags for SSI elements
to be changed and allow for error and time format configuration
to take place in the main configuration file rather than in the
SSI document. Results from regular expression parsing and grouping
(now based on Perl's regular expression syntax) can be retrieved
- using <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code>'s variables <code>$0</code>
+ using <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code>'s variables <code>$0</code>
.. <code>$9</code>.</dd>
- <dt><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_dbm.html">mod_auth_dbm</a></code></dt>
+ <dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_auth_dbm.html">mod_auth_dbm</a></code></dt>
<dd>Now supports multiple types of DBM-like databases using the
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_dbm.html#authdbmtype">AuthDBMType</a></code>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_auth_dbm.html#authdbmtype">AuthDBMType</a></code>
directive.</dd>
</dl>
</div></div>
<div class="bottomlang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../de/./new_features_2_0.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
-<a href="../en/./new_features_2_0.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../fr/./new_features_2_0.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> |
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-<a href="../ru/./new_features_2_0.html" hreflang="ru" rel="alternate" title="Russian"> ru </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/new_features_2_0.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
+<a href="./en/new_features_2_0.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./fr/new_features_2_0.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> |
+<a href="./ja/new_features_2_0.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/new_features_2_0.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
+<a href="./pt-br/new_features_2_0.html" hreflang="pt-br" rel="alternate" title="Português (Brasil)"> pt-br </a> |
+<a href="./ru/new_features_2_0.html" hreflang="ru" rel="alternate" title="Russian"> ru </a></p>
</div><div id="footer">
<p class="apache">Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
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<title>Overview of new features in Apache 2.2 - Apache HTTP Server</title>
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+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
-<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
-<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
-<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href=".
./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Overview of new features in Apache 2.2</h1>
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Overview of new features in Apache 2.2</h1>
<div class="toplang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./new_features_2_2.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./new_features_2_2.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
-<a href="../pt-br/./new_features_2_2.html" hreflang="pt-br" rel="alternate" title="Português (Brasil)"> pt-br </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/new_features_2_2.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./ko/new_features_2_2.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
+<a href="./pt-br/new_features_2_2.html" hreflang="pt-br" rel="alternate" title="Português (Brasil)"> pt-br </a></p>
</div>
<p>This document describes some of the major changes between the
version 1.3, see the <a href="new_features_2_0.html">2.0 new features</a>
document.</p>
</div>
-<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#core">Core Enhancements</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#module">Module Enhancements</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#programs">Program Enhancements</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#developer">Module Developer Changes</a></li>
+<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#core">Core Enhancements</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#module">Module Enhancements</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#programs">Program Enhancements</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#developer">Module Developer Changes</a></li>
</ul></div>
-<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="core" id="core">Core Enhancements</a></h2>
<dt>Authn/Authz</dt>
<dd>The bundled authentication and authorization modules have
- been refactored. The new <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_alias.html">mod_authn_alias</a></code> module
+ been refactored. The new <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_authn_alias.html">mod_authn_alias</a></code> module
can greatly simplify certain authentication configurations.
See <a href="#module">module name changes</a>, and
<a href="#developer">the developer changes</a> for more
writers.</dd>
<dt>Caching</dt>
- <dd><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_disk_cache.html">mod_disk_cache</a></code>, and
- <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_mem_cache.html">mod_mem_cache</a></code> have undergone a lot of changes, and
- are now considered production-quality. <code class="program"><a href="../programs/htcacheclean.html">htcacheclean</a></code>
- has been introduced to clean up <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_disk_cache.html">mod_disk_cache</a></code>
+ <dd><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_disk_cache.html">mod_disk_cache</a></code>, and
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_mem_cache.html">mod_mem_cache</a></code> have undergone a lot of changes, and
+ are now considered production-quality. <code class="program"><a href="./programs/htcacheclean.html">htcacheclean</a></code>
+ has been introduced to clean up <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_disk_cache.html">mod_disk_cache</a></code>
setups.</dd>
<dt>Configuration</dt>
can be easily added to the main server config.</dd>
<dt>Graceful stop</dt>
- <dd>The <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code> and
- <code class="module"><a href="../mod/event.html">event</a></code> MPMs now allow <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code>
+ <dd>The <code class="module"><a href="./mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="./mod/worker.html">worker</a></code> and
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/event.html">event</a></code> MPMs now allow <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code>
to be shutdown gracefully via the
<a href="stopping.html#gracefulstop"><code>graceful-stop</code></a>
- signal. The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#gracefulshutdowntimeout">GracefulShutdownTimeout</a></code> directive
+ signal. The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#gracefulshutdowntimeout">GracefulShutdownTimeout</a></code> directive
has been added to specify an optional timeout, after which
- <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> will terminate regardless of the status
+ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> will terminate regardless of the status
of any requests being served.</dd>
<dt>Proxying</dt>
- <dd>The new <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy_balancer.html">mod_proxy_balancer</a></code> module provides
- load balancing services for <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code>.
- The new <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy_ajp.html">mod_proxy_ajp</a></code> module adds support for the
+ <dd>The new <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy_balancer.html">mod_proxy_balancer</a></code> module provides
+ load balancing services for <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code>.
+ The new <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy_ajp.html">mod_proxy_ajp</a></code> module adds support for the
<code>Apache JServ Protocol version 1.3</code> used by
<a href="http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/">Apache Tomcat</a>.</dd>
<dt>Regular Expression Library Updated</dt>
<dd>Version 5.0 of the
<a href="http://www.pcre.org/">Perl Compatible Regular Expression
- Library</a> (PCRE) is now included. <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> can be
+ Library</a> (PCRE) is now included. <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> can be
configured to use a system installation of PCRE by passing the
<code>--with-pcre</code> flag to configure.</dd>
<dt>Smart Filtering</dt>
- <dd><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_filter.html">mod_filter</a></code> introduces dynamic configuration
+ <dd><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_filter.html">mod_filter</a></code> introduces dynamic configuration
to the output filter chain. It enables filters to be conditionally
inserted, based on any Request or Response header or environment
variable, and dispenses with the more problematic dependencies and
bodies has also been added.</dd>
<dt>Event MPM</dt>
- <dd>The <code class="module"><a href="../mod/event.html">event</a></code> MPM uses a seperate thread to handle
+ <dd>The <code class="module"><a href="./mod/event.html">event</a></code> MPM uses a seperate thread to handle
Keep Alive requests and accepting connections. Keep Alive requests
have traditionally required httpd to dedicate a worker to handle it.
This dedicated worker could not be used again until the Keep Alive
timeout was reached.</dd>
<dt>SQL Database Support</dt>
- <dd><p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dbd.html">mod_dbd</a></code>, together with the apr_dbd framework,
+ <dd><p><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_dbd.html">mod_dbd</a></code>, together with the apr_dbd framework,
brings direct SQL support to modules that need it. Supports
connection pooling in threaded MPMs.</p>
<p><strong>Windows Users</strong> please note that this is not
</dd>
</dl>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="module" id="module">Module Enhancements</a></h2>
<dt>Authn/Authz</dt>
<dd>Modules in the aaa directory have been renamed and offer
better support for digest authentication. For example, mod_auth
- is now split into <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_basic.html">mod_auth_basic</a></code> and
- <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_file.html">mod_auth_file</a></code>; mod_auth_dbm is now called
- <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_dbm.html">mod_authn_dbm</a></code>; mod_access has been renamed
- <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_host.html">mod_authz_host</a></code>. There is also a new
- <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_alias.html">mod_authn_alias</a></code> module for simplifying
+ is now split into <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_auth_basic.html">mod_auth_basic</a></code> and
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_auth_file.html">mod_auth_file</a></code>; mod_auth_dbm is now called
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_authn_dbm.html">mod_authn_dbm</a></code>; mod_access has been renamed
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_authz_host.html">mod_authz_host</a></code>. There is also a new
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_authn_alias.html">mod_authn_alias</a></code> module for simplifying
certain authentication configurations.
</dd>
- <dt><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authnz_ldap.html">mod_authnz_ldap</a></code></dt>
+ <dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_authnz_ldap.html">mod_authnz_ldap</a></code></dt>
<dd>This module is a port of the 2.0
<code>mod_auth_ldap</code> module to the 2.2 <code>Authn/Authz</code>
framework. New features include using LDAP attribute values and
complicated search filters in the
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#require">Require</a></code> directive.</dd>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#require">Require</a></code> directive.</dd>
- <dt><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_info.html">mod_info</a></code></dt>
+ <dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_info.html">mod_info</a></code></dt>
<dd>Added a new <code>?config</code> argument which will show
the configuration directives as parsed by Apache, including
their file name and line number. The module also
shows the order of all request hooks and additional
build information, similar to <code>httpd -V</code>.</dd>
- <dt><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ssl.html">mod_ssl</a></code></dt>
+ <dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_ssl.html">mod_ssl</a></code></dt>
<dd>Added a support for
<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2817.txt">RFC 2817</a>, which
allows connections to upgrade from clear text to TLS encryption.</dd>
- <dt><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_imagemap.html">mod_imagemap</a></code></dt>
- <dd>mod_imap has been renamed to <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_imagemap.html">mod_imagemap</a></code> to avoid
+ <dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_imagemap.html">mod_imagemap</a></code></dt>
+ <dd>mod_imap has been renamed to <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_imagemap.html">mod_imagemap</a></code> to avoid
user confusion.</dd>
</dl>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="programs" id="programs">Program Enhancements</a></h2>
<dl>
- <dt><code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code></dt>
+ <dt><code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code></dt>
<dd>A new command line option <code>-M</code> has been added that
lists all modules that are loaded based on the current
configuration. Unlike the <code>-l</code> option, this list
- includes DSOs loaded via <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_so.html">mod_so</a></code>.</dd>
- <dt><code class="program"><a href="../programs/httxt2dbm.html">httxt2dbm</a></code></dt>
+ includes DSOs loaded via <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_so.html">mod_so</a></code>.</dd>
+ <dt><code class="program"><a href="./programs/httxt2dbm.html">httxt2dbm</a></code></dt>
<dd>A new program used to generate dbm files from text input,
- for use in <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritemap">RewriteMap</a></code>
+ for use in <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritemap">RewriteMap</a></code>
with the <code>dbm</code> map type.</dd>
</dl>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="developer" id="developer">Module Developer Changes</a></h2>
<dl>
- <dt><a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#apr" title="see glossary">APR</a> 1.0 API</dt>
+ <dt><a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#apr" title="see glossary">APR</a> 1.0 API</dt>
<dd>Apache 2.2 uses the APR 1.0 API. All deprecated functions and
symbols have been removed from <code>APR</code> and
<dd>A new hook, <code>test_config</code> has been added to aid
modules that want to execute special code only when the user passes
- <code>-t</code> to <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code>.</dd>
+ <code>-t</code> to <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code>.</dd>
<dt>Set Threaded MPM's Stacksize</dt>
<dd>In the past, every filter has been responsible for ensuring
that it generates the correct response headers where it affects
them. Filters can now delegate common protocol management to
- <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_filter.html">mod_filter</a></code>, using the
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_filter.html">mod_filter</a></code>, using the
<code>ap_register_output_filter_protocol</code> or
<code>ap_filter_protocol</code> calls.</dd>
</dl>
</div></div>
<div class="bottomlang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./new_features_2_2.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./new_features_2_2.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
-<a href="../pt-br/./new_features_2_2.html" hreflang="pt-br" rel="alternate" title="Português (Brasil)"> pt-br </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/new_features_2_2.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./ko/new_features_2_2.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
+<a href="./pt-br/new_features_2_2.html" hreflang="pt-br" rel="alternate" title="Português (Brasil)"> pt-br </a></p>
</div><div id="footer">
<p class="apache">Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
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\ No newline at end of file
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+ <path>/</path>
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<variant>en</variant>
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<title>Overview of new features in Apache 2.4 - Apache HTTP Server</title>
-<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
-<link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
-<link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
-<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
+<link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
+<link href="./images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
-<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
-<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
-<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href=".
./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Overview of new features in Apache 2.4</h1>
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Overview of new features in Apache 2.4</h1>
<div class="toplang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./new_features_2_4.html" title="English"> en </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/new_features_2_4.html" title="English"> en </a></p>
</div>
<p>This document describes some of the major changes between the
version 2.0, see the <a href="new_features_2_2.html">2.2 new features</a>
document.</p>
</div>
-<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#core">Core Enhancements</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#module">Module Enhancements</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#programs">Program Enhancements</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#developer">Module Developer Changes</a></li>
+<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#core">Core Enhancements</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#module">Module Enhancements</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#programs">Program Enhancements</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#developer">Module Developer Changes</a></li>
</ul></div>
-<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="core" id="core">Core Enhancements</a></h2>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="module" id="module">Module Enhancements</a></h2>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="programs" id="programs">Program Enhancements</a></h2>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="developer" id="developer">Module Developer Changes</a></h2>
</div></div>
<div class="bottomlang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./new_features_2_4.html" title="English"> en </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/new_features_2_4.html" title="English"> en </a></p>
</div><div id="footer">
<p class="apache">Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
</body></html>
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<metafile>
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- <path>/./</path>
- <relpath>..</relpath>
+ <path>/</path>
+ <relpath>.</relpath>
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<variant>en</variant>
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
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<title>Configuration Sections - Apache HTTP Server</title>
-<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
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-<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
+<link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
+<link href="./images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
-<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
-<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
-<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href=".
./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Configuration Sections</h1>
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Configuration Sections</h1>
<div class="toplang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./sections.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./sections.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./sections.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/sections.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./ja/sections.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/sections.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div>
<p>Directives in the <a href="configuring.html">configuration files</a> may apply to the
entire server, or they may be restricted to apply only to particular
use configuration section containers or <code>.htaccess</code> files
to change the scope of other configuration directives.</p>
</div>
-<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#types">Types of Configuration Section Containers</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#file-and-web">Filesystem and Webspace</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#virtualhost">Virtual Hosts</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#proxy">Proxy</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#whatwhere">What Directives are Allowed?</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#mergin">How the sections are merged</a></li>
+<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#types">Types of Configuration Section Containers</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#file-and-web">Filesystem and Webspace</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#virtualhost">Virtual Hosts</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#proxy">Proxy</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#whatwhere">What Directives are Allowed?</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#mergin">How the sections are merged</a></li>
</ul></div>
-<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="types" id="types">Types of Configuration Section Containers</a></h2>
-<table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/core.html">core</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_version.html">mod_version</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directorymatch"><DirectoryMatch></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#filesmatch"><FilesMatch></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#ifdefine"><IfDefine></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#ifmodule"><IfModule></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_version.html#ifversion"><IfVersion></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#locationmatch"><LocationMatch></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html#proxy"><Proxy></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html#proxymatch"><ProxyMatch></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
+<table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/core.html">core</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_version.html">mod_version</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directorymatch"><DirectoryMatch></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#filesmatch"><FilesMatch></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#ifdefine"><IfDefine></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#ifmodule"><IfModule></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_version.html#ifversion"><IfVersion></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#locationmatch"><LocationMatch></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html#proxy"><Proxy></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html#proxymatch"><ProxyMatch></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
<p>There are two basic types of containers. Most containers are
evaluated for each request. The enclosed directives are applied only
-for those requests that match the containers. The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#ifdefine"><IfDefine></a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#ifmodule"><IfModule></a></code>, and
-<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_version.html#ifversion"><IfVersion></a></code>
+for those requests that match the containers. The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#ifdefine"><IfDefine></a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#ifmodule"><IfModule></a></code>, and
+<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_version.html#ifversion"><IfVersion></a></code>
containers, on the other hand, are evaluated only at server startup
and restart. If their conditions are true at startup, then the
enclosed directives will apply to all requests. If the conditions are
not true, the enclosed directives will be ignored.</p>
-<p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#ifdefine"><IfDefine></a></code> directive
+<p>The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#ifdefine"><IfDefine></a></code> directive
encloses directives that will only be applied if an appropriate
-parameter is defined on the <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> command line. For example,
+parameter is defined on the <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> command line. For example,
with the following configuration, all requests will be redirected
to another site only if the server is started using
<code>httpd -DClosedForNow</code>:</p>
</IfDefine>
</code></p></div>
-<p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#ifmodule"><IfModule></a></code>
+<p>The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#ifmodule"><IfModule></a></code>
directive is very similar, except it encloses directives that will
only be applied if a particular module is available in the server.
The module must either be statically compiled in the server, or it
-must be dynamically compiled and its <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_so.html#loadmodule">LoadModule</a></code> line must be earlier in the
+must be dynamically compiled and its <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_so.html#loadmodule">LoadModule</a></code> line must be earlier in the
configuration file. This directive should only be used if you need
your configuration file to work whether or not certain modules are
installed. It should not be used to enclose directives that you want
to work all the time, because it can suppress useful error messages
about missing modules.</p>
-<p>In the following example, the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_mime_magic.html#mimemagicfiles">MimeMagicFiles</a></code> directive will be
-applied only if <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_mime_magic.html">mod_mime_magic</a></code> is available.</p>
+<p>In the following example, the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime_magic.html#mimemagicfiles">MimeMagicFiles</a></code> directive will be
+applied only if <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_mime_magic.html">mod_mime_magic</a></code> is available.</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
<IfModule mod_mime_magic.c><br />
</IfModule>
</code></p></div>
-<p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_version.html#ifversion"><IfVersion></a></code>
-directive is very similar to <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#ifdefine"><IfDefine></a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#ifmodule"><IfModule></a></code>, except it encloses directives that will
+<p>The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_version.html#ifversion"><IfVersion></a></code>
+directive is very similar to <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#ifdefine"><IfDefine></a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#ifmodule"><IfModule></a></code>, except it encloses directives that will
only be applied if a particular version of the server is executing. This
module is designed for the use in test suites and large networks which have to
deal with different httpd versions and different configurations.</p>
</IfVersion>
</code></p></div>
-<p><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#ifdefine"><IfDefine></a></code>,
-<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#ifmodule"><IfModule></a></code>, and the
-<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_version.html#ifversion"><IfVersion></a></code>
+<p><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#ifdefine"><IfDefine></a></code>,
+<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#ifmodule"><IfModule></a></code>, and the
+<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_version.html#ifversion"><IfVersion></a></code>
can apply negative conditions by preceding their test with "!".
Also, these sections can be nested to achieve more complex
restrictions.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="file-and-web" id="file-and-web">Filesystem and Webspace</a></h2>
<h3><a name="filesystem" id="filesystem">Filesystem Containers</a></h3>
-<p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code>
-and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code>
-directives, along with their <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#regex" title="see glossary">regex</a>
+<p>The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code>
+and <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code>
+directives, along with their <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#regex" title="see glossary">regex</a>
counterparts, apply directives to
-parts of the filesystem. Directives enclosed in a <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> section apply to
+parts of the filesystem. Directives enclosed in a <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> section apply to
the named filesystem directory and all subdirectories of that
directory. The same effect can be obtained using <a href="howto/htaccess.html">.htaccess files</a>. For example, in the
following configuration, directory indexes will be enabled for the
</Directory>
</code></p></div>
-<p>Directives enclosed in a <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code> section apply to any file with
+<p>Directives enclosed in a <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code> section apply to any file with
the specified name, regardless of what directory it lies in.
So for example, the following configuration directives will,
when placed in the main section of the configuration file,
</code></p></div>
<p>To address files found in a particular part of the filesystem, the
-<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code> and
-<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> sections
+<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code> and
+<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> sections
can be combined. For example, the following configuration will deny
access to <code>/var/web/dir1/private.html</code>,
<code>/var/web/dir1/subdir2/private.html</code>,
<h3><a name="webspace" id="webspace">Webspace Containers</a></h3>
-<p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code>
-directive and its <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#regex" title="see glossary">regex</a> counterpart, on
+<p>The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code>
+directive and its <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#regex" title="see glossary">regex</a> counterpart, on
the other hand, change the
configuration for content in the webspace. For example, the following
configuration prevents access to any URL-path that begins in /private.
</Location>
</code></p></div>
-<p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code>
+<p>The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code>
directive need not have anything to do with the filesystem.
For example, the following example shows how to map a particular
-URL to an internal Apache handler provided by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_status.html">mod_status</a></code>.
+URL to an internal Apache handler provided by <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_status.html">mod_status</a></code>.
No file called <code>server-status</code> needs to exist in the
filesystem.</p>
<h3><a name="wildcards" id="wildcards">Wildcards and Regular Expressions</a></h3>
-<p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code>,
-<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code>, and
-<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code>
+<p>The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code>,
+<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code>, and
+<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code>
directives can each use shell-style wildcard characters as in
<code>fnmatch</code> from the C standard library. The character "*"
matches any sequence of characters, "?" matches any single character,
explicitly.</p>
<p>If even more flexible matching is required, each
-container has a regular expression (regex) counterpart <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directorymatch"><DirectoryMatch></a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#filesmatch"><FilesMatch></a></code>, and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#locationmatch"><LocationMatch></a></code> that allow
+container has a regular expression (regex) counterpart <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directorymatch"><DirectoryMatch></a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#filesmatch"><FilesMatch></a></code>, and <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#locationmatch"><LocationMatch></a></code> that allow
perl-compatible
-<a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#regex" title="see glossary">regular expressions</a>
+<a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#regex" title="see glossary">regular expressions</a>
to be used in choosing the matches. But see the section below on
configuration merging to find out how using regex sections will change
how directives are applied.</p>
<p>Choosing between filesystem containers and webspace containers is
actually quite easy. When applying directives to objects that reside
-in the filesystem always use <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> or <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code>. When applying directives to objects
+in the filesystem always use <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> or <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code>. When applying directives to objects
that do not reside in the filesystem (such as a webpage generated from
-a database), use <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code>.</p>
+a database), use <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code>.</p>
-<p>It is important to never use <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code> when trying to restrict
+<p>It is important to never use <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code> when trying to restrict
access to objects in the filesystem. This is because many
different webspace locations (URLs) could map to the same filesystem
location, allowing your restrictions to be circumvented.
<code>http://yoursite.example.com/dir/</code>. But what if you are on
a case-insensitive filesystem? Then your restriction could be easily
circumvented by requesting
-<code>http://yoursite.example.com/DIR/</code>. The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> directive, in
+<code>http://yoursite.example.com/DIR/</code>. The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> directive, in
contrast, will apply to any content served from that location,
regardless of how it is called. (An exception is filesystem links.
The same directory can be placed in more than one part of the
-filesystem using symbolic links. The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> directive will follow the symbolic
+filesystem using symbolic links. The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> directive will follow the symbolic
link without resetting the pathname. Therefore, for the highest level
of security, symbolic links should be disabled with the appropriate
-<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#options">Options</a></code> directive.)</p>
+<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#options">Options</a></code> directive.)</p>
<p>If you are, perhaps, thinking that none of this applies to you
because you use a case-sensitive filesystem, remember that there are
to all requests regardless of the specific URL.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="virtualhost" id="virtualhost">Virtual Hosts</a></h2>
-<p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code>
+<p>The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code>
container encloses directives that apply to specific hosts.
This is useful when serving multiple hosts from the same machine
with a different configuration for each. For more information,
see the <a href="vhosts/">Virtual Host Documentation</a>.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="proxy" id="proxy">Proxy</a></h2>
-<p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html#proxy"><Proxy></a></code>
-and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html#proxymatch"><ProxyMatch></a></code>
+<p>The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html#proxy"><Proxy></a></code>
+and <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html#proxymatch"><ProxyMatch></a></code>
containers apply enclosed configuration directives only
-to sites accessed through <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code>'s proxy server
+to sites accessed through <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code>'s proxy server
that match the specified URL. For example, the following configuration
will prevent the proxy server from being used to access the
<code>cnn.com</code> website.</p>
Deny from all<br />
</Proxy>
</code></p></div>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="whatwhere" id="whatwhere">What Directives are Allowed?</a></h2>
<p>To find out what directives are allowed in what types of
configuration sections, check the <a href="mod/directive-dict.html#Context">Context</a> of the directive.
Everything that is allowed in
-<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code>
+<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code>
sections is also syntactically allowed in
-<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directorymatch"><DirectoryMatch></a></code>,
-<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code>,
-<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#filesmatch"><FilesMatch></a></code>,
-<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code>,
-<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#locationmatch"><LocationMatch></a></code>,
-<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html#proxy"><Proxy></a></code>,
-and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html#proxymatch"><ProxyMatch></a></code>
+<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directorymatch"><DirectoryMatch></a></code>,
+<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code>,
+<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#filesmatch"><FilesMatch></a></code>,
+<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code>,
+<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#locationmatch"><LocationMatch></a></code>,
+<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html#proxy"><Proxy></a></code>,
+and <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html#proxymatch"><ProxyMatch></a></code>
sections. There are some exceptions, however:</p>
<ul>
-<li>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#allowoverride">AllowOverride</a></code> directive
-works only in <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code>
+<li>The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#allowoverride">AllowOverride</a></code> directive
+works only in <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code>
sections.</li>
<li>The <code>FollowSymLinks</code> and
-<code>SymLinksIfOwnerMatch</code> <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#options">Options</a></code> work only in <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> sections or
+<code>SymLinksIfOwnerMatch</code> <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#options">Options</a></code> work only in <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> sections or
<code>.htaccess</code> files.</li>
-<li>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#options">Options</a></code> directive cannot
-be used in <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code>
-and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#filesmatch"><FilesMatch></a></code>
+<li>The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#options">Options</a></code> directive cannot
+be used in <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code>
+and <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#filesmatch"><FilesMatch></a></code>
sections.</li>
</ul>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="mergin" id="mergin">How the sections are merged</a></h2>
<p>The order of merging is:</p>
<ol>
- <li> <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> (except regular expressions)
+ <li> <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> (except regular expressions)
and <code>.htaccess</code> done simultaneously (with
<code>.htaccess</code>, if allowed, overriding
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code>)</li>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code>)</li>
- <li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directorymatch"><DirectoryMatch></a></code>
+ <li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directorymatch"><DirectoryMatch></a></code>
(and <code><Directory ~></code>)</li>
- <li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#filesmatch"><FilesMatch></a></code> done
+ <li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#filesmatch"><FilesMatch></a></code> done
simultaneously</li>
- <li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code>
- and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#locationmatch"><LocationMatch></a></code> done simultaneously</li>
+ <li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code>
+ and <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#locationmatch"><LocationMatch></a></code> done simultaneously</li>
</ol>
- <p>Apart from <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code>, each group is processed in
- the order that they appear in the configuration files. <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> (group 1 above)
+ <p>Apart from <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code>, each group is processed in
+ the order that they appear in the configuration files. <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> (group 1 above)
is processed in the order shortest directory component to longest.
So for example, <code><Directory /var/web/dir></code> will
be processed before <code><Directory
- /var/web/dir/subdir></code>. If multiple <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> sections apply
+ /var/web/dir/subdir></code>. If multiple <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> sections apply
to the same directory they are processed in the configuration file
- order. Configurations included via the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#include">Include</a></code> directive will be treated as if
+ order. Configurations included via the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#include">Include</a></code> directive will be treated as if
they were inside the including file at the location of the
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#include">Include</a></code> directive.</p>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#include">Include</a></code> directive.</p>
- <p>Sections inside <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code> sections
+ <p>Sections inside <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code> sections
are applied <em>after</em> the corresponding sections outside
the virtual host definition. This allows virtual hosts to
override the main server configuration.</p>
- <p>When the request is served by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code>, the
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html#proxy"><Proxy></a></code>
- container takes the place of the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> container in the processing
+ <p>When the request is served by <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code>, the
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html#proxy"><Proxy></a></code>
+ container takes the place of the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> container in the processing
order.</p>
<p>Later sections override earlier ones.</p>
</code></p></div>
<p>For a more concrete example, consider the following. Regardless of
-any access restrictions placed in <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> sections, the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code> section will be
+any access restrictions placed in <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> sections, the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code> section will be
evaluated last and will allow unrestricted access to the server. In
other words, order of merging is important, so be careful!</p>
</div></div>
<div class="bottomlang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./sections.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./sections.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./sections.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/sections.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./ja/sections.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/sections.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div><div id="footer">
<p class="apache">Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
</body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
<metafile>
<basename>sections</basename>
- <path>/./</path>
- <relpath>..</relpath>
+ <path>/</path>
+ <relpath>.</relpath>
<variants>
<variant>en</variant>
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
-->
<title>Server-Wide Configuration - Apache HTTP Server</title>
-<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
-<link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
-<link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
-<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
+<link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
+<link href="./images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
-<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
-<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
-<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href=".
./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Server-Wide Configuration</h1>
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Server-Wide Configuration</h1>
<div class="toplang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./server-wide.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./server-wide.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./server-wide.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/server-wide.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./ja/server-wide.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/server-wide.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div>
<p>This document explains some of the directives provided by
-the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/core.html">core</a></code> server which are used to configure
+the <code class="module"><a href="./mod/core.html">core</a></code> server which are used to configure
the basic operations of the server.</p>
</div>
-<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#identification">Server Identification</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#locations">File Locations</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#resource">Limiting Resource Usage</a></li>
+<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#identification">Server Identification</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#locations">File Locations</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#resource">Limiting Resource Usage</a></li>
</ul></div>
-<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="identification" id="identification">Server Identification</a></h2>
- <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td /><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#serveradmin">ServerAdmin</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#serversignature">ServerSignature</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#servertokens">ServerTokens</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#usecanonicalname">UseCanonicalName</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#usecanonicalphysicalport">UseCanonicalPhysicalPort</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
+ <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td /><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#serveradmin">ServerAdmin</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#serversignature">ServerSignature</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#servertokens">ServerTokens</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#usecanonicalname">UseCanonicalName</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#usecanonicalphysicalport">UseCanonicalPhysicalPort</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
- <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#serveradmin">ServerAdmin</a></code> and
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#servertokens">ServerTokens</a></code> directives
+ <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#serveradmin">ServerAdmin</a></code> and
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#servertokens">ServerTokens</a></code> directives
control what information about the server will be presented
in server-generated documents such as error messages. The
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#servertokens">ServerTokens</a></code> directive
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#servertokens">ServerTokens</a></code> directive
sets the value of the Server HTTP response header field.</p>
- <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code>,
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#usecanonicalname">UseCanonicalName</a></code> and
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#usecanonicalphysicalport">UseCanonicalPhysicalPort</a></code>
+ <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code>,
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#usecanonicalname">UseCanonicalName</a></code> and
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#usecanonicalphysicalport">UseCanonicalPhysicalPort</a></code>
directives are used by the server to determine how to construct
self-referential URLs. For example, when a client requests a
directory, but does not include the trailing slash in the
directory name, Apache must redirect the client to the full
name including the trailing slash so that the client will
correctly resolve relative references in the document.</p>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="locations" id="locations">File Locations</a></h2>
- <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td /><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#coredumpdirectory">CoreDumpDirectory</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#lockfile">LockFile</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#pidfile">PidFile</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#scoreboardfile">ScoreBoardFile</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#serverroot">ServerRoot</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
+ <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td /><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#coredumpdirectory">CoreDumpDirectory</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#lockfile">LockFile</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#pidfile">PidFile</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#scoreboardfile">ScoreBoardFile</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#serverroot">ServerRoot</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
<p>These directives control the locations of the various files
that Apache needs for proper operation. When the pathname used
does not begin with a slash (/), the files are located relative
- to the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#serverroot">ServerRoot</a></code>. Be careful
+ to the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#serverroot">ServerRoot</a></code>. Be careful
about locating files in paths which are writable by non-root users.
See the <a href="misc/security_tips.html#serverroot">security tips</a>
documentation for more details.</p>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="resource" id="resource">Limiting Resource Usage</a></h2>
- <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td /><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#limitrequestbody">LimitRequestBody</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#limitrequestfields">LimitRequestFields</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#limitrequestfieldsize">LimitRequestFieldsize</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#limitrequestline">LimitRequestLine</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#rlimitcpu">RLimitCPU</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#rlimitmem">RLimitMEM</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#rlimitnproc">RLimitNPROC</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#threadstacksize">ThreadStackSize</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
+ <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td /><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#limitrequestbody">LimitRequestBody</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#limitrequestfields">LimitRequestFields</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#limitrequestfieldsize">LimitRequestFieldsize</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#limitrequestline">LimitRequestLine</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#rlimitcpu">RLimitCPU</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#rlimitmem">RLimitMEM</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#rlimitnproc">RLimitNPROC</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#threadstacksize">ThreadStackSize</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
<p>The <code class="directive">LimitRequest</code>*
directives are used to place limits on the amount of resources
this will control resources used by CGI scripts and SSI exec
commands.</p>
- <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#threadstacksize">ThreadStackSize</a></code>
+ <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#threadstacksize">ThreadStackSize</a></code>
directive is used with some platforms to control the stack size.</p>
</div></div>
<div class="bottomlang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./server-wide.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./server-wide.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./server-wide.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/server-wide.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./ja/server-wide.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/server-wide.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div><div id="footer">
<p class="apache">Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
</body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
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<basename>server-wide</basename>
- <path>/./</path>
- <relpath>..</relpath>
+ <path>/</path>
+ <relpath>.</relpath>
<variants>
<variant>en</variant>
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
-->
<title>Sitemap - Apache HTTP Server</title>
-<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
-<link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
-<link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
-<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
+<link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
+<link href="./images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
<body id="manual-page">
<div id="page-header">
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
-<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
-<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
-<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="../">Version 2.3</a></div>
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.3</a></div>
<div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Sitemap</h1>
<div class="toplang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../de/./sitemap.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
-<a href="../en/./sitemap.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../es/./sitemap.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> |
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<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc">
-<li><img alt="" src=".
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-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#index">Glossary and Index</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#release">Release Notes</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#using">Using the Apache HTTP Server</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#vhosts">Apache Virtual Host documentation</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#faq">Apache Server Frequently Asked Questions</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#ssl">Apache SSL/TLS Encryption</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#howto">Guides, Tutorials, and HowTos</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#platform">Platform-specific Notes</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#programs">Apache HTTP Server and Supporting Programs</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#misc">Apache Miscellaneous Documentation</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#modules">Apache modules</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#developer">Developer Documentation</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#index">Glossary and Index</a></li>
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-<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section"><h2><a name="release" id="release">Release Notes</a></h2>
<ul><li><a href="upgrading.html">Upgrading to 2.2 from 2.0</a></li>
<li><a href="new_features_2_4.html">New features with Apache 2.4</a></li>
<li><a href="new_features_2_0.html">New features with Apache 2.0</a></li>
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<div class="section"><h2><a name="using" id="using">Using the Apache HTTP Server</a></h2>
<ul><li><a href="install.html">Compiling and Installing Apache</a></li>
<li><a href="invoking.html">Starting Apache</a></li>
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<div class="section"><h2><a name="vhosts" id="vhosts">Apache Virtual Host documentation</a></h2>
<ul><li class="separate"><a href="vhosts/">Overview</a></li>
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<li><a href="vhosts/fd-limits.html">File descriptor limitations</a></li>
<li><a href="dns-caveats.html">Issues Regarding DNS and Apache</a></li>
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+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section"><h2><a name="faq" id="faq">Apache Server Frequently Asked Questions</a></h2>
<ul><li><a href="faq/">Overview</a></li>
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<li><a href="ssl/ssl_intro.html">SSL/TLS Encryption: An Introduction</a></li>
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<title>Stopping and Restarting - Apache HTTP Server</title>
-<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
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<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
-<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
-<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
-<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href=".
./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Stopping and Restarting</h1>
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Stopping and Restarting</h1>
<div class="toplang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../de/./stopping.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
-<a href="../en/./stopping.html" title="English"> en </a> |
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-<a href="../ja/./stopping.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./stopping.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/stopping.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
+<a href="./en/stopping.html" title="English"> en </a> |
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+<a href="./ko/stopping.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div>
<p>This document covers stopping and restarting Apache on
Console Application</a> for information on how to control
Apache on those platforms.</p>
</div>
-<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#introduction">Introduction</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#term">Stop Now</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#graceful">Graceful Restart</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#hup">Restart Now</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#gracefulstop">Graceful Stop</a></li>
-</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><code class="program"><a href=".
./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code></li><li><code class="program"><a href="../programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code></li><li><a href="invoking.html">Starting</a></li></ul></div>
-<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#introduction">Introduction</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#term">Stop Now</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#graceful">Graceful Restart</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#hup">Restart Now</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#gracefulstop">Graceful Stop</a></li>
+</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><code class="program"><a href=".
/programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code></li><li><code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code></li><li><a href="invoking.html">Starting</a></li></ul></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="introduction" id="introduction">Introduction</a></h2>
<p>In order to stop or restart Apache, you must send a signal to
- the running <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> processes. There are two ways to
+ the running <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> processes. There are two ways to
send the signals. First, you can use the unix <code>kill</code>
command to directly send signals to the processes. You will
- notice many <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> executables running on your system,
+ notice many <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> executables running on your system,
but you should not send signals to any of them except the parent,
- whose pid is in the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#pidfile">PidFile</a></code>. That is to say you
+ whose pid is in the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#pidfile">PidFile</a></code>. That is to say you
shouldn't ever need to send signals to any process except the
parent. There are four signals that you can send the parent:
<code><a href="#term">TERM</a></code>,
<div class="example"><p><code>kill -TERM `cat /usr/local/apache2/logs/httpd.pid`</code></p></div>
- <p>The second method of signaling the <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> processes
+ <p>The second method of signaling the <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> processes
is to use the <code>-k</code> command line options: <code>stop</code>,
<code>restart</code>, <code>graceful</code> and <code>graceful-stop</code>,
- as described below. These are arguments to the <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> binary, but we recommend that
- you send them using the <code class="program"><a href="../programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> control script, which
- will pass them through to <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code>.</p>
+ as described below. These are arguments to the <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> binary, but we recommend that
+ you send them using the <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> control script, which
+ will pass them through to <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code>.</p>
- <p>After you have signaled <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code>, you can read about
+ <p>After you have signaled <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code>, you can read about
its progress by issuing:</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>tail -f /usr/local/apache2/logs/error_log</code></p></div>
- <p>Modify those examples to match your <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#serverroot">ServerRoot</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#pidfile">PidFile</a></code> settings.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ <p>Modify those examples to match your <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#serverroot">ServerRoot</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#pidfile">PidFile</a></code> settings.</p>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="term" id="term">Stop Now</a></h2>
children. It may take it several seconds to complete killing off
its children. Then the parent itself exits. Any requests in
progress are terminated, and no further requests are served.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="graceful" id="graceful">Graceful Restart</a></h2>
directive of the MPMs, so the number of processes and threads
available to serve clients will be maintained at the appropriate
values throughout the restart process. Furthermore, it respects
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#startservers">StartServers</a></code> in the
- following manner: if after one second at least <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#startservers">StartServers</a></code> new children have not
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#startservers">StartServers</a></code> in the
+ following manner: if after one second at least <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#startservers">StartServers</a></code> new children have not
been created, then create enough to pick up the slack. Hence the
code tries to maintain both the number of children appropriate for
the current load on the server, and respect your wishes with the
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#startservers">StartServers</a></code>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#startservers">StartServers</a></code>
parameter.</p>
- <p>Users of <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_status.html">mod_status</a></code>
+ <p>Users of <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_status.html">mod_status</a></code>
will notice that the server statistics are <strong>not</strong>
set to zero when a <code>USR1</code> is sent. The code was
written to both minimize the time in which the server is unable
<p>This still will not
guarantee that the server will restart correctly. To check the
semantics of the configuration files as well as the syntax, you
- can try starting <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> as a non-root user. If there
+ can try starting <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> as a non-root user. If there
are no errors it will attempt to open its sockets and logs and fail
because it's not root (or because the currently running
- <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> already has those ports bound). If it fails
+ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> already has those ports bound). If it fails
for any other reason then it's probably a config file error and the error
should be fixed before issuing the graceful restart.</p></div>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="hup" id="hup">Restart Now</a></h2>
configuration files, and re-opens any log files. Then it spawns a
new set of children and continues serving hits.</p>
- <p>Users of <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_status.html">mod_status</a></code>
+ <p>Users of <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_status.html">mod_status</a></code>
will notice that the server statistics are set to zero when a
<code>HUP</code> is sent.</p>
restart is attempted. If your configuration file has errors in it, the
restart will not be attempted, and you will receive notification of the
syntax error(s).</div>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="gracefulstop" id="gracefulstop">Graceful Stop</a></h2>
<p>The <code>WINCH</code> or <code>graceful-stop</code> signal causes
the parent process to <em>advise</em> the children to exit after
their current request (or to exit immediately if they're not
- serving anything). The parent will then remove its <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#pidfile">PidFile</a></code> and cease listening on
+ serving anything). The parent will then remove its <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#pidfile">PidFile</a></code> and cease listening on
all ports. The parent will continue to run, and monitor children
which are handling requests. Once all children have finalised
- and exited or the timeout specified by the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#gracefulshutdowntimeout">GracefulShutdownTimeout</a></code> has been
+ and exited or the timeout specified by the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#gracefulshutdowntimeout">GracefulShutdownTimeout</a></code> has been
reached, the parent will also exit. If the timeout is reached,
any remaining children will be sent the <code>TERM</code> signal
to force them to exit.</p>
<p>A <code>TERM</code> signal will immediately terminate the
parent process and all children when in the "graceful" state. However
- as the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#pidfile">PidFile</a></code> will
+ as the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#pidfile">PidFile</a></code> will
have been removed, you will not be able to use
<code>apachectl</code> or <code>httpd</code> to send this signal,</p>
<div class="note"><p>The <code>graceful-stop</code> signal allows you to run multiple
- identically configured instances of <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> at the
+ identically configured instances of <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> at the
same time. This is a powerful feature when performing graceful
upgrades of Apache, however it can also cause deadlocks and race
conditions with some configurations.</p>
<p>Care has been taken to ensure that on-disk files
- such as the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#lockfile">Lockfile</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_cgid.html#scriptsock">ScriptSock</a></code> files contain the server
+ such as the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#lockfile">Lockfile</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cgid.html#scriptsock">ScriptSock</a></code> files contain the server
PID, and should co-exist without problem. However, if a configuration
directive, third-party module or persistent CGI utilises any other on-disk
lock or state files; care should be taken to ensure that multiple running
- instances of <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> do not clobber each others files.</p>
+ instances of <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> do not clobber each others files.</p>
<p>You should also be wary of other potential race conditions, such as
- using <code class="program"><a href="../programs/rotatelogs.html">rotatelogs</a></code> style piped logging. Multiple running
- instances of <code class="program"><a href="../programs/rotatelogs.html">rotatelogs</a></code> attempting to rotate the same
+ using <code class="program"><a href="./programs/rotatelogs.html">rotatelogs</a></code> style piped logging. Multiple running
+ instances of <code class="program"><a href="./programs/rotatelogs.html">rotatelogs</a></code> attempting to rotate the same
logfiles at the same time may destroy each other's logfiles.</p></div>
</div></div>
<div class="bottomlang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../de/./stopping.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
-<a href="../en/./stopping.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../es/./stopping.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./stopping.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./stopping.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/stopping.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
+<a href="./en/stopping.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./es/stopping.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> |
+<a href="./ja/stopping.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/stopping.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div><div id="footer">
<p class="apache">Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
</body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
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- <relpath>..</relpath>
+ <path>/</path>
+ <relpath>.</relpath>
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<title>suEXEC Support - Apache HTTP Server</title>
-<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
-<link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
-<link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
-<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
+<link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
+<link href="./images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
-<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
-<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
-<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href=".
./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>suEXEC Support</h1>
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>suEXEC Support</h1>
<div class="toplang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./suexec.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./suexec.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./suexec.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/suexec.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./ja/suexec.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/suexec.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div>
<p>The <strong>suEXEC</strong> feature provides
and the security issues they present, we highly recommend that
you not consider using suEXEC.</p>
</div>
-<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#before">Before we begin</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#model">suEXEC Security Model</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#install">Configuring & Installing
+<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#before">Before we begin</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#model">suEXEC Security Model</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#install">Configuring & Installing
suEXEC</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#enable">Enabling & Disabling
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#enable">Enabling & Disabling
suEXEC</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#usage">Using suEXEC</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#debug">Debugging suEXEC</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#jabberwock">Beware the Jabberwock:
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#usage">Using suEXEC</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#debug">Debugging suEXEC</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#jabberwock">Beware the Jabberwock:
Warnings & Examples</a></li>
</ul></div>
-<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="before" id="before">Before we begin</a></h2>
enough to use it.</p>
<p>Still with us? Yes? Good. Let's move on!</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="model" id="model">suEXEC Security Model</a></h2>
configuration, as well as what security risks can be avoided
with a proper suEXEC setup, see the <a href="#jabberwock">"Beware the Jabberwock"</a> section of this
document.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="install" id="install">Configuring & Installing
suEXEC</a></h2>
<p><strong>Setting paranoid permissions</strong><br />
Although the suEXEC wrapper will check to ensure that its
caller is the correct user as specified with the
- <code>--with-suexec-caller</code> <code class="program"><a href="../programs/configure.html">configure</a></code>
+ <code>--with-suexec-caller</code> <code class="program"><a href="./programs/configure.html">configure</a></code>
option, there is
always the possibility that a system or library call suEXEC uses
before this check may be exploitable on your system. To counter
Group webgroup<br />
</code></p></div>
- <p>and <code class="program"><a href="../programs/suexec.html">suexec</a></code> is installed at
+ <p>and <code class="program"><a href="./programs/suexec.html">suexec</a></code> is installed at
"/usr/local/apache2/sbin/suexec", you should run:</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
<p>This will ensure that only the group Apache runs as can even
execute the suEXEC wrapper.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="enable" id="enable">Enabling & Disabling
suEXEC</a></h2>
<p>Upon startup of Apache, it looks for the file
- <code class="program"><a href="../programs/suexec.html">suexec</a></code> in the directory defined by the
+ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/suexec.html">suexec</a></code> in the directory defined by the
<code>--sbindir</code> option (default is
"/usr/local/apache/sbin/suexec"). If Apache finds a properly
configured suEXEC wrapper, it will print the following message
restart Apache. Restarting it with a simple HUP or USR1 signal
will not be enough. </p>
<p>If you want to disable suEXEC you should kill and restart
- Apache after you have removed the <code class="program"><a href="../programs/suexec.html">suexec</a></code> file.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ Apache after you have removed the <code class="program"><a href="./programs/suexec.html">suexec</a></code> file.</p>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="usage" id="usage">Using suEXEC</a></h2>
<p>Requests for CGI programs will call the suEXEC wrapper only if
- they are for a virtual host containing a <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_suexec.html#suexecusergroup">SuexecUserGroup</a></code> directive or if
- they are processed by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html">mod_userdir</a></code>.</p>
+ they are for a virtual host containing a <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_suexec.html#suexecusergroup">SuexecUserGroup</a></code> directive or if
+ they are processed by <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_userdir.html">mod_userdir</a></code>.</p>
<p><strong>Virtual Hosts:</strong><br /> One way to use the suEXEC
- wrapper is through the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_suexec.html#suexecusergroup">SuexecUserGroup</a></code> directive in
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost">VirtualHost</a></code> definitions. By
+ wrapper is through the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_suexec.html#suexecusergroup">SuexecUserGroup</a></code> directive in
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost">VirtualHost</a></code> definitions. By
setting this directive to values different from the main server
user ID, all requests for CGI resources will be executed as the
- <em>User</em> and <em>Group</em> defined for that <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code>. If this
- directive is not specified for a <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code> then the main server userid
+ <em>User</em> and <em>Group</em> defined for that <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code>. If this
+ directive is not specified for a <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code> then the main server userid
is assumed.</p>
<p><strong>User directories:</strong><br /> Requests that are
- processed by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html">mod_userdir</a></code> will call the suEXEC
+ processed by <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_userdir.html">mod_userdir</a></code> will call the suEXEC
wrapper to execute CGI programs under the userid of the requested
user directory. The only requirement needed for this feature to
work is for CGI execution to be enabled for the user and that the
script must meet the scrutiny of the <a href="#model">security
checks</a> above. See also the
<code>--with-suexec-userdir</code> <a href="#install">compile
- time option</a>.</p> </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ time option</a>.</p> </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="debug" id="debug">Debugging suEXEC</a></h2>
installed the wrapper properly, have a look at this log and the
error_log for the server to see where you may have gone astray.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="jabberwock" id="jabberwock">Beware the Jabberwock:
Warnings & Examples</a></h2>
</div></div>
<div class="bottomlang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./suexec.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./suexec.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./suexec.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/suexec.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./ja/suexec.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/suexec.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div><div id="footer">
<p class="apache">Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
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<title>Upgrading to 2.4 from 2.2 - Apache HTTP Server</title>
-<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
-<link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
-<link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
-<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
+<link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
+<link href="./style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
+<link href="./images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
-<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
-<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
-<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href=".
./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Upgrading to 2.4 from 2.2</h1>
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Upgrading to 2.4 from 2.2</h1>
<div class="toplang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../de/./upgrading.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
-<a href="../en/./upgrading.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./upgrading.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./upgrading.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
-<a href="../pt-br/./upgrading.html" hreflang="pt-br" rel="alternate" title="Português (Brasil)"> pt-br </a> |
-<a href="../ru/./upgrading.html" hreflang="ru" rel="alternate" title="Russian"> ru </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/upgrading.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
+<a href="./en/upgrading.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./ja/upgrading.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/upgrading.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
+<a href="./pt-br/upgrading.html" hreflang="pt-br" rel="alternate" title="Português (Brasil)"> pt-br </a> |
+<a href="./ru/upgrading.html" hreflang="ru" rel="alternate" title="Russian"> ru </a></p>
</div>
<p>In order to assist folks upgrading, we maintain a document
upgrading document.</a></p>
</div>
-<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#compile-time">Compile-Time Configuration Changes</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#run-time">Run-Time Configuration Changes</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#misc">Misc Changes</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#third-party">Third Party Modules</a></li>
+<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#compile-time">Compile-Time Configuration Changes</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#run-time">Run-Time Configuration Changes</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#misc">Misc Changes</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#third-party">Third Party Modules</a></li>
</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="new_features_2_4.html">Overview of new features in
Apache 2.4</a></li></ul></div>
-<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="compile-time" id="compile-time">Compile-Time Configuration Changes</a></h2>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="run-time" id="run-time">Run-Time Configuration Changes</a></h2>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="misc" id="misc">Misc Changes</a></h2>
- </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="third-party" id="third-party">Third Party Modules</a></h2>
</div></div>
<div class="bottomlang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../de/./upgrading.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
-<a href="../en/./upgrading.html" title="English"> en </a> |
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-<a href="../ru/./upgrading.html" hreflang="ru" rel="alternate" title="Russian"> ru </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/upgrading.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
+<a href="./en/upgrading.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./ja/upgrading.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/upgrading.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
+<a href="./pt-br/upgrading.html" hreflang="pt-br" rel="alternate" title="Português (Brasil)"> pt-br </a> |
+<a href="./ru/upgrading.html" hreflang="ru" rel="alternate" title="Russian"> ru </a></p>
</div><div id="footer">
<p class="apache">Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
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<title>Mapping URLs to Filesystem Locations - Apache HTTP Server</title>
-<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
-<link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
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+<link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
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+<link href="./images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
-<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
-<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
-<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href=".
./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Mapping URLs to Filesystem Locations</h1>
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Mapping URLs to Filesystem Locations</h1>
<div class="toplang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./urlmapping.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./urlmapping.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./urlmapping.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/urlmapping.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./ja/urlmapping.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/urlmapping.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div>
<p>This document explains how Apache uses the URL of a request
to determine the filesystem location from which to serve a
file.</p>
</div>
-<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#related">Related Modules and Directives</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#outside">Files Outside the DocumentRoot</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#user">User Directories</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#redirect">URL Redirection</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#proxy">Reverse Proxy</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#rewrite">Rewriting Engine</a></li>
-<li><img alt="" src=".
./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#notfound">File Not Found</a></li>
+<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#related">Related Modules and Directives</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#outside">Files Outside the DocumentRoot</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#user">User Directories</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#redirect">URL Redirection</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#proxy">Reverse Proxy</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#rewrite">Rewriting Engine</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#notfound">File Not Found</a></li>
</ul></div>
-<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="related" id="related">Related Modules and Directives</a></h2>
-<table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html">mod_alias</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html">mod_userdir</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_speling.html">mod_speling</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_vhost_alias.html">mod_vhost_alias</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html#alias">Alias</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html#aliasmatch">AliasMatch</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_speling.html#checkspelling">CheckSpelling</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#errordocument">ErrorDocument</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#options">Options</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypass">ProxyPass</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypassreverse">ProxyPassReverse</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypassreversecookiedomain">ProxyPassReverseCookieDomain</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypassreversecookiepath">ProxyPassReverseCookiePath</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html#redirect">Redirect</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html#redirectmatch">RedirectMatch</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritecond">RewriteCond</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritematch">RewriteMatch</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html#scriptalias">ScriptAlias</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html#scriptaliasmatch">ScriptAliasMatch</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html">mod_alias</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_userdir.html">mod_userdir</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_speling.html">mod_speling</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_vhost_alias.html">mod_vhost_alias</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html#alias">Alias</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html#aliasmatch">AliasMatch</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_speling.html#checkspelling">CheckSpelling</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#errordocument">ErrorDocument</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#options">Options</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypass">ProxyPass</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypassreverse">ProxyPassReverse</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypassreversecookiedomain">ProxyPassReverseCookieDomain</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypassreversecookiepath">ProxyPassReverseCookiePath</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html#redirect">Redirect</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html#redirectmatch">RedirectMatch</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritecond">RewriteCond</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritematch">RewriteMatch</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html#scriptalias">ScriptAlias</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html#scriptaliasmatch">ScriptAliasMatch</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="documentroot" id="documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></h2>
<p>In deciding what file to serve for a given request, Apache's
default behavior is to take the URL-Path for the request (the part
of the URL following the hostname and port) and add it to the end
- of the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code> specified
+ of the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code> specified
in your configuration files. Therefore, the files and directories
- underneath the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code>
+ underneath the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code>
make up the basic document tree which will be visible from the
web.</p>
- <p>For example, if <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code>
+ <p>For example, if <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code>
were set to <code>/var/www/html</code> then a request for
<code>http://www.example.com/fish/guppies.html</code> would result
in the file <code>/var/www/html/fish/guppies.html</code> being
<p>Apache is also capable of <a href="vhosts/">Virtual
Hosting</a>, where the server receives requests for more than one
- host. In this case, a different <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code> can be specified for each
+ host. In this case, a different <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code> can be specified for each
virtual host, or alternatively, the directives provided by the
- module <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_vhost_alias.html">mod_vhost_alias</a></code> can
+ module <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_vhost_alias.html">mod_vhost_alias</a></code> can
be used to dynamically determine the appropriate place from which
to serve content based on the requested IP address or
hostname.</p>
- <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code> directive
+ <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code> directive
is set in your main server configuration file
(<code>httpd.conf</code>) and, possibly, once per additional <a href="vhosts/">Virtual Host</a> you create.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="outside" id="outside">Files Outside the DocumentRoot</a></h2>
<p>There are frequently circumstances where it is necessary to
allow web access to parts of the filesystem that are not strictly
- underneath the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code>. Apache offers several
+ underneath the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code>. Apache offers several
different ways to accomplish this. On Unix systems, symbolic links
- can bring other parts of the filesystem under the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code>. For security reasons,
- Apache will follow symbolic links only if the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#options">Options</a></code> setting for the relevant
+ can bring other parts of the filesystem under the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code>. For security reasons,
+ Apache will follow symbolic links only if the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#options">Options</a></code> setting for the relevant
directory includes <code>FollowSymLinks</code> or
<code>SymLinksIfOwnerMatch</code>.</p>
- <p>Alternatively, the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html#alias">Alias</a></code> directive will map any part
+ <p>Alternatively, the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html#alias">Alias</a></code> directive will map any part
of the filesystem into the web space. For example, with</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>Alias /docs /var/web</code></p></div>
<p>the URL <code>http://www.example.com/docs/dir/file.html</code>
will be served from <code>/var/web/dir/file.html</code>. The
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html#scriptalias">ScriptAlias</a></code> directive
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html#scriptalias">ScriptAlias</a></code> directive
works the same way, with the additional effect that all content
- located at the target path is treated as <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#cgi" title="see glossary">CGI</a> scripts.</p>
+ located at the target path is treated as <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#cgi" title="see glossary">CGI</a> scripts.</p>
<p>For situations where you require additional flexibility, you
- can use the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html#aliasmatch">AliasMatch</a></code>
- and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html#scriptaliasmatch">ScriptAliasMatch</a></code>
- directives to do powerful <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#regex" title="see glossary">regular
+ can use the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html#aliasmatch">AliasMatch</a></code>
+ and <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html#scriptaliasmatch">ScriptAliasMatch</a></code>
+ directives to do powerful <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#regex" title="see glossary">regular
expression</a> based matching and substitution. For
example,</p>
<code>http://example.com/~user/cgi-bin/script.cgi</code> to the
path <code>/home/user/cgi-bin/script.cgi</code> and will treat
the resulting file as a CGI script.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="user" id="user">User Directories</a></h2>
<p>Traditionally on Unix systems, the home directory of a
particular <em>user</em> can be referred to as
- <code>~user/</code>. The module <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html">mod_userdir</a></code>
+ <code>~user/</code>. The module <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_userdir.html">mod_userdir</a></code>
extends this idea to the web by allowing files under each user's
home directory to be accessed using URLs such as the
following.</p>
<p>For security reasons, it is inappropriate to give direct
access to a user's home directory from the web. Therefore, the
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code> directive
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code> directive
specifies a directory underneath the user's home directory
where web files are located. Using the default setting of
<code>Userdir public_html</code>, the above URL maps to a file
alternate string to represent user directories. This functionality
is not supported by mod_userdir. However, if users' home
directories are structured in a regular way, then it is possible
- to use the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html#aliasmatch">AliasMatch</a></code>
+ to use the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html#aliasmatch">AliasMatch</a></code>
directive to achieve the desired effect. For example, to make
<code>http://www.example.com/upages/user/file.html</code> map to
<code>/home/user/public_html/file.html</code>, use the following
<div class="example"><p><code>AliasMatch ^/upages/([a-zA-Z0-9]+)/?(.*)
/home/$1/public_html/$2</code></p></div>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="redirect" id="redirect">URL Redirection</a></h2>
inform the client that the requested content is located at a
different URL, and instruct the client to make a new request with
the new URL. This is called <em>redirection</em> and is
- implemented by the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html#redirect">Redirect</a></code> directive. For example, if
+ implemented by the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html#redirect">Redirect</a></code> directive. For example, if
the contents of the directory <code>/foo/</code> under the
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code> are moved
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code> are moved
to the new directory <code>/bar/</code>, you can instruct clients
to request the content at the new location as follows:</p>
substituted for <code>/foo/</code>. You can redirect clients to
any server, not only the origin server.</p>
- <p>Apache also provides a <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html#redirectmatch">RedirectMatch</a></code> directive for more
+ <p>Apache also provides a <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html#redirectmatch">RedirectMatch</a></code> directive for more
complicated rewriting problems. For example, to redirect requests
for the site home page to a different site, but leave all other
requests alone, use the following configuration:</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>RedirectMatch temp .*
http://othersite.example.com/startpage.html</code></p></div>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="proxy" id="proxy">Reverse Proxy</a></h2>
ProxyPassReverseCookiePath /foo/ /bar/
</code></p></div>
-<p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypass">ProxyPass</a></code> configures
+<p>The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypass">ProxyPass</a></code> configures
the server to fetch the appropriate documents, while the
-<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypassreverse">ProxyPassReverse</a></code>
+<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypassreverse">ProxyPassReverse</a></code>
directive rewrites redirects originating at
<code>internal.example.com</code> so that they target the appropriate
directory on the local server. Similarly, the
-<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypassreversecookiedomain">ProxyPassReverseCookieDomain</a></code>
-and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypassreversecookiedomain">ProxyPassReverseCookieDomain</a></code>
+<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypassreversecookiedomain">ProxyPassReverseCookieDomain</a></code>
+and <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypassreversecookiedomain">ProxyPassReverseCookieDomain</a></code>
rewrite cookies set by the backend server.</p>
<p>It is important to note, however, that
links inside the documents will not be rewritten. So any absolute
<code>internal.example.com</code>. A third-party module
<a href="http://apache.webthing.com/mod_proxy_html/">mod_proxy_html</a>
is available to rewrite links in HTML and XHTML.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="rewrite" id="rewrite">Rewriting Engine</a></h2>
<p>When even more powerful substitution is required, the rewriting
- engine provided by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code>
+ engine provided by <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code>
can be useful. The directives provided by this module use
characteristics of the request such as browser type or source IP
address in deciding from where to serve content. In addition,
internal redirects (aliases), external redirects, and proxying.
Many practical examples employing mod_rewrite are discussed in the
<a href="misc/rewriteguide.html">URL Rewriting Guide</a>.</p>
-</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="notfound" id="notfound">File Not Found</a></h2>
<p>Another common cause of "File Not Found" errors is
accidental mistyping of URLs, either directly in the browser,
or in HTML links. Apache provides the module
- <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_speling.html">mod_speling</a></code> (sic) to help with
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_speling.html">mod_speling</a></code> (sic) to help with
this problem. When this module is activated, it will intercept
"File Not Found" errors and look for a resource with a similar
filename. If one such file is found, mod_speling will send an
<p>If all attempts to locate the content fail, Apache returns
an error page with HTTP status code 404 (file not found). The
appearance of this page is controlled with the
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#errordocument">ErrorDocument</a></code> directive
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#errordocument">ErrorDocument</a></code> directive
and can be customized in a flexible manner as discussed in the
<a href="custom-error.html">Custom error responses</a>
document.</p>
</div></div>
<div class="bottomlang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/./urlmapping.html" title="English"> en </a> |
-<a href="../ja/./urlmapping.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
-<a href="../ko/./urlmapping.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/urlmapping.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="./ja/urlmapping.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
+<a href="./ko/urlmapping.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
</div><div id="footer">
<p class="apache">Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
-<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
+<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
</body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
<metafile>
<basename>urlmapping</basename>
- <path>/./</path>
- <relpath>..</relpath>
+ <path>/</path>
+ <relpath>.</relpath>
<variants>
<variant>en</variant>
projects / apache / commitdiff