Zend/DB/Connection.php:
<?php
-namespace Zend::DB;
+namespace Zend\DB;
class Connection {
}
the file. The only exception is "declare" statement that can be used before.
Every class and function in a namespace can be referred to by the full name
-- e.g. Zend::DB::Connection or Zend::DB::connect - at any time.
+- e.g. Zend\DB\Connection or Zend\DB\connect - at any time.
<?php
require 'Zend/Db/Connection.php';
-$x = new Zend::DB::Connection;
-Zend::DB::connect();
+$x = new Zend\DB\Connection;
+Zend\DB\connect();
?>
Namespace or class name can be imported:
<?php
require 'Zend/Db/Connection.php';
-use Zend::DB;
-use Zend::DB::Connection as DbConnection;
+use Zend\DB;
+use Zend\DB\Connection as DbConnection;
-$x = new Zend::DB::Connection();
-$y = new DB::connection();
+$x = new Zend\DB\Connection();
+$y = new DB\connection();
$z = new DbConnection();
-DB::connect();
+DB\connect();
?>
The use statement only defines name aliasing. It may create name alias for
-namespace or class. The simple form of statement "use A::B::C::D;" is
-equivalent to "use A::B::C::D as D;". The use statement can be used at any
+namespace or class. The simple form of statement "use A\B\C\D;" is
+equivalent to "use A\B\C\D as D;". The use statement can be used at any
time in the global scope (not inside function/class) and takes effect from
the point of definition down to the end of file. It is recommended however to
place the use statements at the beginning of the file. The use statements have
effect only on the file where they appear.
-The special "empty" namespace (:: prefix) is useful as explicit global
-namespace qualification. All class and function names started from ::
+The special "empty" namespace (\ prefix) is useful as explicit global
+namespace qualification. All class and function names started from \
interpreted as global.
<?php
-namespace A::B::C;
+namespace A\B\C;
-$con = ::mysql_connect(...);
+$con = \mysql_connect(...);
?>
A special constant __NAMESPACE__ contains the name of the current namespace.
It can be used to construct fully-qualified names to pass them as callbacks.
<?php
-namespace A::B::C;
+namespace A\B\C;
function foo() {
}
-set_error_handler(__NAMESPACE__ . "::foo");
+set_error_handler(__NAMESPACE__ . "\foo");
?>
In global namespace __NAMESPACE__ constant has the value of empty string.
Names inside namespace are resolved according to the following rules:
1) all qualified names are translated during compilation according to
-current import rules. So if we have "use A::B::C" and then "C::D::e()"
-it is translated to "A::B::C::D::e()".
+current import rules. So if we have "use A\B\C" and then "C\D\e()"
+it is translated to "A\B\C\D\e()".
2) unqualified class names translated during compilation according to
-current import rules. So if we have "use A::B::C" and then "new C()" it
-is translated to "new A::B::C()".
+current import rules. So if we have "use A\B\C" and then "new C()" it
+is translated to "new A\B\C()".
3) inside namespace, calls to unqualified functions that are defined in
current namespace (and are known at the time the call is parsed) are
interpreted as calls to these namespace functions.
4) inside namespace, calls to unqualified functions that are not defined
in current namespace are resolved at run-time. The call to function foo()
-inside namespace (A::B) first tries to find and call function from current
-namespace A::B::foo() and if it doesn't exist PHP tries to call internal
+inside namespace (A\B) first tries to find and call function from current
+namespace A\B\foo() and if it doesn't exist PHP tries to call internal
function foo(). Note that using foo() inside namespace you can call only
-internal PHP functions, however using ::foo() you are able to call any
+internal PHP functions, however using \foo() you are able to call any
function from the global namespace.
5) unqualified class names are resolved at run-time. E.q. "new Exception()"
first tries to use (and autoload) class from current namespace and in case
of failure uses internal PHP class. Note that using "new A" in namespace
you can only create class from this namespace or internal PHP class, however
-using "new ::A" you are able to create any class from the global namespace.
+using "new \A" you are able to create any class from the global namespace.
6) Calls to qualified functions are resolved at run-time. Call to
-A::B::foo() first tries to call function foo() from namespace A::B, then
-it tries to find class A::B (__autoload() it if necessary) and call its
+A\B\foo() first tries to call function foo() from namespace A\B, then
+it tries to find class A\B (__autoload() it if necessary) and call its
static method foo()
7) qualified class names are interpreted as class from corresponding
-namespace. So "new A::B::C()" refers to class C from namespace A::B.
+namespace. So "new A\B\C()" refers to class C from namespace A\B.
Examples
--------
namespace A;
foo(); // first tries to call "foo" defined in namespace "A"
// then calls internal function "foo"
-::foo(); // calls function "foo" defined in global scope
+\foo(); // calls function "foo" defined in global scope
?>
<?php
namespace A;
new B(); // first tries to create object of class "B" defined in namespace "A"
// then creates object of internal class "B"
-new ::B(); // creates object of class "B" defined in global scope
+new \B(); // creates object of class "B" defined in global scope
?>
<?php
namespace A;
-new A(); // first tries to create object of class "A" from namespace "A" (A::A)
+new A(); // first tries to create object of class "A" from namespace "A" (A\A)
// then creates object of internal class "A"
?>
<?php
namespace A;
-B::foo(); // first tries to call function "foo" from namespace "A::B"
+B\foo(); // first tries to call function "foo" from namespace "A\B"
// then calls method "foo" of internal class "B"
-::B::foo(); // first tries to call function "foo" from namespace "B"
+\B\foo(); // first tries to call function "foo" from namespace "B"
// then calls method "foo" of class "B" from global scope
?>
The worst case if class name conflicts with namespace name
<?php
namespace A;
-A::foo(); // first tries to call function "foo" from namespace "A::A"
+A\foo(); // first tries to call function "foo" from namespace "A\A"
// then tries to call method "foo" of class "A" from namespace "A"
// then tries to call function "foo" from namespace "A"
// then calls method "foo" of internal class "A"
-::A::foo(); // first tries to call function "foo" from namespace "A"
+\A\foo(); // first tries to call function "foo" from namespace "A"
// then calls method "foo" of class "A" from global scope
?>
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