Logical markup.
\chapter{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
The ``Python library'' contains several different kinds of components.
The library also contains built-in functions and exceptions ---
objects that can be used by all Python code without the need of an
-\code{import} statement. Some of these are defined by the core
+\keyword{import} statement. Some of these are defined by the core
language, but many are not essential for the core semantics and are
only described here.
front of the manual), or look for a specific function, module or term
in the index (in the back). And finally, if you enjoy learning about
random subjects, you choose a random page number (see module
-\code{rand}) and read a section or two.
+\module{rand}) and read a section or two.
Let the show begin!
\chapter{Miscellaneous Services}
+\label{misc}
The modules described in this chapter provide miscellaneous services
that are available in all Python versions. Here's an overview:
\begin{description}
\item[math]
---- Mathematical functions (\code{sin()} etc.).
+--- Mathematical functions (\function{sin()} etc.).
\item[cmath]
--- Mathematical functions for complex numbers.
\chapter{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
The ``Python library'' contains several different kinds of components.
The library also contains built-in functions and exceptions ---
objects that can be used by all Python code without the need of an
-\code{import} statement. Some of these are defined by the core
+\keyword{import} statement. Some of these are defined by the core
language, but many are not essential for the core semantics and are
only described here.
front of the manual), or look for a specific function, module or term
in the index (in the back). And finally, if you enjoy learning about
random subjects, you choose a random page number (see module
-\code{rand}) and read a section or two.
+\module{rand}) and read a section or two.
Let the show begin!
Aside from the modules described here there are also interfaces to
various MacOS toolboxes, which are currently not extensively
described. The toolboxes for which modules exist are:
-\code{AE} (Apple Events),
-\code{Cm} (Component Manager),
-\code{Ctl} (Control Manager),
-\code{Dlg} (Dialog Manager),
-\code{Evt} (Event Manager),
-\code{Fm} (Font Manager),
-\code{List} (List Manager),
-\code{Menu} (Moenu Manager),
-\code{Qd} (QuickDraw),
-\code{Qt} (QuickTime),
-\code{Res} (Resource Manager and Handles),
-\code{Scrap} (Scrap Manager),
-\code{Snd} (Sound Manager),
-\code{TE} (TextEdit),
-\code{Waste} (non-Apple TextEdit replacement) and
-\code{Win} (Window Manager).
+\module{AE} (Apple Events),
+\module{Cm} (Component Manager),
+\module{Ctl} (Control Manager),
+\module{Dlg} (Dialog Manager),
+\module{Evt} (Event Manager),
+\module{Fm} (Font Manager),
+\module{List} (List Manager),
+\module{Menu} (Moenu Manager),
+\module{Qd} (QuickDraw),
+\module{Qt} (QuickTime),
+\module{Res} (Resource Manager and Handles),
+\module{Scrap} (Scrap Manager),
+\module{Snd} (Sound Manager),
+\module{TE} (TextEdit),
+\module{Waste} (non-Apple \program{TextEdit} replacement) and
+\module{Win} (Window Manager).
If applicable the module will define a number of Python objects for
the various structures declared by the toolbox, and operations will be
works.
\section{Built-in Module \sectcode{mac}}
-
+\label{module-mac}
\bimodindex{mac}
+
This module provides a subset of the operating system dependent
-functionality provided by the optional built-in module \code{posix}.
+functionality provided by the optional built-in module \module{posix}.
It is best accessed through the more portable standard module
-\code{os}.
+\module{os}.
\refbimodindex{posix}
\refstmodindex{os}
The following functions are available in this module:
-\code{chdir},
-\code{close},
-\code{dup},
-\code{fdopen},
-\code{getcwd},
-\code{lseek},
-\code{listdir},
-\code{mkdir},
-\code{open},
-\code{read},
-\code{rename},
-\code{rmdir},
-\code{stat},
-\code{sync},
-\code{unlink},
-\code{write},
-as well as the exception \code{error}. Note that the times returned by
-\code{stat()} are floating-point values, like all time values in
-MacPython.
+\function{chdir()},
+\function{close()},
+\function{dup()},
+\function{fdopen()},
+\function{getcwd()},
+\function{lseek()},
+\function{listdir()},
+\function{mkdir()},
+\function{open()},
+\function{read()},
+\function{rename()},
+\function{rmdir()},
+\function{stat()},
+\function{sync()},
+\function{unlink()},
+\function{write()},
+as well as the exception \exception{error}. Note that the times
+returned by \function{stat()} are floating-point values, like all time
+values in MacPython.
-One additional function is available: \code{xstat()}. This function
-returns the same information as \code{stat()}, but with three extra
+One additional function is available: \function{xstat()}. This function
+returns the same information as \function{stat()}, but with three extra
values appended: the size of the resource fork of the file and its
4-char creator and type.
\section{Standard Module \sectcode{macpath}}
-
+\label{module-macpath}
\stmodindex{macpath}
+
This module provides a subset of the pathname manipulation functions
-available from the optional standard module \code{posixpath}. It is
-best accessed through the more portable standard module \code{os}, as
+available from the optional standard module \module{posixpath}. It is
+best accessed through the more portable standard module \module{os}, as
\code{os.path}.
\refstmodindex{posixpath}
\refstmodindex{os}
The following functions are available in this module:
-\code{normcase},
-\code{normpath},
-\code{isabs},
-\code{join},
-\code{split},
-\code{isdir},
-\code{isfile},
-\code{walk},
-\code{exists}.
-For other functions available in \code{posixpath} dummy counterparts
+\function{normcase()},
+\function{normpath()},
+\function{isabs()},
+\function{join()},
+\function{split()},
+\function{isdir()},
+\function{isfile()},
+\function{walk()},
+\function{exists()}.
+For other functions available in \module{posixpath} dummy counterparts
are available.
\chapter{Miscellaneous Services}
+\label{misc}
The modules described in this chapter provide miscellaneous services
that are available in all Python versions. Here's an overview:
\begin{description}
\item[math]
---- Mathematical functions (\code{sin()} etc.).
+--- Mathematical functions (\function{sin()} etc.).
\item[cmath]
--- Mathematical functions for complex numbers.
Aside from the modules described here there are also interfaces to
various MacOS toolboxes, which are currently not extensively
described. The toolboxes for which modules exist are:
-\code{AE} (Apple Events),
-\code{Cm} (Component Manager),
-\code{Ctl} (Control Manager),
-\code{Dlg} (Dialog Manager),
-\code{Evt} (Event Manager),
-\code{Fm} (Font Manager),
-\code{List} (List Manager),
-\code{Menu} (Moenu Manager),
-\code{Qd} (QuickDraw),
-\code{Qt} (QuickTime),
-\code{Res} (Resource Manager and Handles),
-\code{Scrap} (Scrap Manager),
-\code{Snd} (Sound Manager),
-\code{TE} (TextEdit),
-\code{Waste} (non-Apple TextEdit replacement) and
-\code{Win} (Window Manager).
+\module{AE} (Apple Events),
+\module{Cm} (Component Manager),
+\module{Ctl} (Control Manager),
+\module{Dlg} (Dialog Manager),
+\module{Evt} (Event Manager),
+\module{Fm} (Font Manager),
+\module{List} (List Manager),
+\module{Menu} (Moenu Manager),
+\module{Qd} (QuickDraw),
+\module{Qt} (QuickTime),
+\module{Res} (Resource Manager and Handles),
+\module{Scrap} (Scrap Manager),
+\module{Snd} (Sound Manager),
+\module{TE} (TextEdit),
+\module{Waste} (non-Apple \program{TextEdit} replacement) and
+\module{Win} (Window Manager).
If applicable the module will define a number of Python objects for
the various structures declared by the toolbox, and operations will be
works.
\section{Built-in Module \sectcode{mac}}
-
+\label{module-mac}
\bimodindex{mac}
+
This module provides a subset of the operating system dependent
-functionality provided by the optional built-in module \code{posix}.
+functionality provided by the optional built-in module \module{posix}.
It is best accessed through the more portable standard module
-\code{os}.
+\module{os}.
\refbimodindex{posix}
\refstmodindex{os}
The following functions are available in this module:
-\code{chdir},
-\code{close},
-\code{dup},
-\code{fdopen},
-\code{getcwd},
-\code{lseek},
-\code{listdir},
-\code{mkdir},
-\code{open},
-\code{read},
-\code{rename},
-\code{rmdir},
-\code{stat},
-\code{sync},
-\code{unlink},
-\code{write},
-as well as the exception \code{error}. Note that the times returned by
-\code{stat()} are floating-point values, like all time values in
-MacPython.
+\function{chdir()},
+\function{close()},
+\function{dup()},
+\function{fdopen()},
+\function{getcwd()},
+\function{lseek()},
+\function{listdir()},
+\function{mkdir()},
+\function{open()},
+\function{read()},
+\function{rename()},
+\function{rmdir()},
+\function{stat()},
+\function{sync()},
+\function{unlink()},
+\function{write()},
+as well as the exception \exception{error}. Note that the times
+returned by \function{stat()} are floating-point values, like all time
+values in MacPython.
-One additional function is available: \code{xstat()}. This function
-returns the same information as \code{stat()}, but with three extra
+One additional function is available: \function{xstat()}. This function
+returns the same information as \function{stat()}, but with three extra
values appended: the size of the resource fork of the file and its
4-char creator and type.
\section{Standard Module \sectcode{macpath}}
-
+\label{module-macpath}
\stmodindex{macpath}
+
This module provides a subset of the pathname manipulation functions
-available from the optional standard module \code{posixpath}. It is
-best accessed through the more portable standard module \code{os}, as
+available from the optional standard module \module{posixpath}. It is
+best accessed through the more portable standard module \module{os}, as
\code{os.path}.
\refstmodindex{posixpath}
\refstmodindex{os}
The following functions are available in this module:
-\code{normcase},
-\code{normpath},
-\code{isabs},
-\code{join},
-\code{split},
-\code{isdir},
-\code{isfile},
-\code{walk},
-\code{exists}.
-For other functions available in \code{posixpath} dummy counterparts
+\function{normcase()},
+\function{normpath()},
+\function{isabs()},
+\function{join()},
+\function{split()},
+\function{isdir()},
+\function{isfile()},
+\function{walk()},
+\function{exists()}.
+For other functions available in \module{posixpath} dummy counterparts
are available.
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