The ``_field_types`` and ``__annotations__`` attributes are
now regular dictionaries instead of instances of ``OrderedDict``.
+.. class:: TypedDict(dict)
+
+ A simple typed namespace. At runtime it is equivalent to
+ a plain :class:`dict`.
+
+ ``TypedDict`` creates a dictionary type that expects all of its
+ instances to have a certain set of keys, where each key is
+ associated with a value of a consistent type. This expectation
+ is not checked at runtime but is only enforced by type checkers.
+ Usage::
+
+ class Point2D(TypedDict):
+ x: int
+ y: int
+ label: str
+
+ a: Point2D = {'x': 1, 'y': 2, 'label': 'good'} # OK
+ b: Point2D = {'z': 3, 'label': 'bad'} # Fails type check
+
+ assert Point2D(x=1, y=2, label='first') == dict(x=1, y=2, label='first')
+
+ The type info for introspection can be accessed via ``Point2D.__annotations__``
+ and ``Point2D.__total__``. To allow using this feature with older versions
+ of Python that do not support :pep:`526`, ``TypedDict`` supports two additional
+ equivalent syntactic forms::
+
+ Point2D = TypedDict('Point2D', x=int, y=int, label=str)
+ Point2D = TypedDict('Point2D', {'x': int, 'y': int, 'label': str})
+
+ See :pep:`589` for more examples and detailed rules of using ``TypedDict``
+ with type checkers.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 3.8
.. function:: NewType(typ)
from typing import no_type_check, no_type_check_decorator
from typing import Type
from typing import NewType
-from typing import NamedTuple
+from typing import NamedTuple, TypedDict
from typing import IO, TextIO, BinaryIO
from typing import Pattern, Match
import abc
def __add__(self, other):
return 0
+Label = TypedDict('Label', [('label', str)])
+
+class Point2D(TypedDict):
+ x: int
+ y: int
+
+class LabelPoint2D(Point2D, Label): ...
+
+class Options(TypedDict, total=False):
+ log_level: int
+ log_path: str
+
class HasForeignBaseClass(mod_generics_cache.A):
some_xrepr: 'XRepr'
other_a: 'mod_generics_cache.A'
self.assertEqual(jane2, jane)
+class TypedDictTests(BaseTestCase):
+ def test_basics_functional_syntax(self):
+ Emp = TypedDict('Emp', {'name': str, 'id': int})
+ self.assertIsSubclass(Emp, dict)
+ self.assertIsSubclass(Emp, typing.MutableMapping)
+ self.assertNotIsSubclass(Emp, collections.abc.Sequence)
+ jim = Emp(name='Jim', id=1)
+ self.assertIs(type(jim), dict)
+ self.assertEqual(jim['name'], 'Jim')
+ self.assertEqual(jim['id'], 1)
+ self.assertEqual(Emp.__name__, 'Emp')
+ self.assertEqual(Emp.__module__, __name__)
+ self.assertEqual(Emp.__bases__, (dict,))
+ self.assertEqual(Emp.__annotations__, {'name': str, 'id': int})
+ self.assertEqual(Emp.__total__, True)
+
+ def test_basics_keywords_syntax(self):
+ Emp = TypedDict('Emp', name=str, id=int)
+ self.assertIsSubclass(Emp, dict)
+ self.assertIsSubclass(Emp, typing.MutableMapping)
+ self.assertNotIsSubclass(Emp, collections.abc.Sequence)
+ jim = Emp(name='Jim', id=1)
+ self.assertIs(type(jim), dict)
+ self.assertEqual(jim['name'], 'Jim')
+ self.assertEqual(jim['id'], 1)
+ self.assertEqual(Emp.__name__, 'Emp')
+ self.assertEqual(Emp.__module__, __name__)
+ self.assertEqual(Emp.__bases__, (dict,))
+ self.assertEqual(Emp.__annotations__, {'name': str, 'id': int})
+ self.assertEqual(Emp.__total__, True)
+
+ def test_typeddict_errors(self):
+ Emp = TypedDict('Emp', {'name': str, 'id': int})
+ self.assertEqual(TypedDict.__module__, 'typing')
+ jim = Emp(name='Jim', id=1)
+ with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
+ isinstance({}, Emp)
+ with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
+ isinstance(jim, Emp)
+ with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
+ issubclass(dict, Emp)
+ with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
+ TypedDict('Hi', x=1)
+ with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
+ TypedDict('Hi', [('x', int), ('y', 1)])
+ with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
+ TypedDict('Hi', [('x', int)], y=int)
+
+ def test_py36_class_syntax_usage(self):
+ self.assertEqual(LabelPoint2D.__name__, 'LabelPoint2D')
+ self.assertEqual(LabelPoint2D.__module__, __name__)
+ self.assertEqual(LabelPoint2D.__annotations__, {'x': int, 'y': int, 'label': str})
+ self.assertEqual(LabelPoint2D.__bases__, (dict,))
+ self.assertEqual(LabelPoint2D.__total__, True)
+ self.assertNotIsSubclass(LabelPoint2D, typing.Sequence)
+ not_origin = Point2D(x=0, y=1)
+ self.assertEqual(not_origin['x'], 0)
+ self.assertEqual(not_origin['y'], 1)
+ other = LabelPoint2D(x=0, y=1, label='hi')
+ self.assertEqual(other['label'], 'hi')
+
+ def test_pickle(self):
+ global EmpD # pickle wants to reference the class by name
+ EmpD = TypedDict('EmpD', name=str, id=int)
+ jane = EmpD({'name': 'jane', 'id': 37})
+ for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1):
+ z = pickle.dumps(jane, proto)
+ jane2 = pickle.loads(z)
+ self.assertEqual(jane2, jane)
+ self.assertEqual(jane2, {'name': 'jane', 'id': 37})
+ ZZ = pickle.dumps(EmpD, proto)
+ EmpDnew = pickle.loads(ZZ)
+ self.assertEqual(EmpDnew({'name': 'jane', 'id': 37}), jane)
+
+ def test_optional(self):
+ EmpD = TypedDict('EmpD', name=str, id=int)
+
+ self.assertEqual(typing.Optional[EmpD], typing.Union[None, EmpD])
+ self.assertNotEqual(typing.List[EmpD], typing.Tuple[EmpD])
+
+ def test_total(self):
+ D = TypedDict('D', {'x': int}, total=False)
+ self.assertEqual(D(), {})
+ self.assertEqual(D(x=1), {'x': 1})
+ self.assertEqual(D.__total__, False)
+
+ self.assertEqual(Options(), {})
+ self.assertEqual(Options(log_level=2), {'log_level': 2})
+ self.assertEqual(Options.__total__, False)
+
+
class IOTests(BaseTestCase):
def test_io(self):
'Set',
'FrozenSet',
'NamedTuple', # Not really a type.
+ 'TypedDict', # Not really a type.
'Generator',
# One-off things.
return _make_nmtuple(typename, fields)
+def _dict_new(cls, *args, **kwargs):
+ return dict(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def _typeddict_new(cls, _typename, _fields=None, **kwargs):
+ total = kwargs.pop('total', True)
+ if _fields is None:
+ _fields = kwargs
+ elif kwargs:
+ raise TypeError("TypedDict takes either a dict or keyword arguments,"
+ " but not both")
+
+ ns = {'__annotations__': dict(_fields), '__total__': total}
+ try:
+ # Setting correct module is necessary to make typed dict classes pickleable.
+ ns['__module__'] = sys._getframe(1).f_globals.get('__name__', '__main__')
+ except (AttributeError, ValueError):
+ pass
+
+ return _TypedDictMeta(_typename, (), ns)
+
+
+def _check_fails(cls, other):
+ # Typed dicts are only for static structural subtyping.
+ raise TypeError('TypedDict does not support instance and class checks')
+
+
+class _TypedDictMeta(type):
+ def __new__(cls, name, bases, ns, total=True):
+ """Create new typed dict class object.
+
+ This method is called directly when TypedDict is subclassed,
+ or via _typeddict_new when TypedDict is instantiated. This way
+ TypedDict supports all three syntax forms described in its docstring.
+ Subclasses and instances of TypedDict return actual dictionaries
+ via _dict_new.
+ """
+ ns['__new__'] = _typeddict_new if name == 'TypedDict' else _dict_new
+ tp_dict = super(_TypedDictMeta, cls).__new__(cls, name, (dict,), ns)
+
+ anns = ns.get('__annotations__', {})
+ msg = "TypedDict('Name', {f0: t0, f1: t1, ...}); each t must be a type"
+ anns = {n: _type_check(tp, msg) for n, tp in anns.items()}
+ for base in bases:
+ anns.update(base.__dict__.get('__annotations__', {}))
+ tp_dict.__annotations__ = anns
+ if not hasattr(tp_dict, '__total__'):
+ tp_dict.__total__ = total
+ return tp_dict
+
+ __instancecheck__ = __subclasscheck__ = _check_fails
+
+
+class TypedDict(dict, metaclass=_TypedDictMeta):
+ """A simple typed namespace. At runtime it is equivalent to a plain dict.
+
+ TypedDict creates a dictionary type that expects all of its
+ instances to have a certain set of keys, where each key is
+ associated with a value of a consistent type. This expectation
+ is not checked at runtime but is only enforced by type checkers.
+ Usage::
+
+ class Point2D(TypedDict):
+ x: int
+ y: int
+ label: str
+
+ a: Point2D = {'x': 1, 'y': 2, 'label': 'good'} # OK
+ b: Point2D = {'z': 3, 'label': 'bad'} # Fails type check
+
+ assert Point2D(x=1, y=2, label='first') == dict(x=1, y=2, label='first')
+
+ The type info can be accessed via Point2D.__annotations__. TypedDict
+ supports two additional equivalent forms::
+
+ Point2D = TypedDict('Point2D', x=int, y=int, label=str)
+ Point2D = TypedDict('Point2D', {'x': int, 'y': int, 'label': str})
+
+ The class syntax is only supported in Python 3.6+, while two other
+ syntax forms work for Python 2.7 and 3.2+
+ """
+
+
def NewType(name, tp):
"""NewType creates simple unique types with almost zero
runtime overhead. NewType(name, tp) is considered a subtype of tp
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