Looking at the code of Curl_resolv_timeout() in hostip.c, I think
that in case of a timeout, the signal handler for SIGALRM never
gets removed. I think that in my case it gets executed at some
point later on when execution has long left Curl_resolv_timeout()
or even the cURL library.
The code that is jumped to with siglongjmp() simply sets the
error message to "name lookup timed out" and then returns with
CURLRESOLV_ERROR. I guess that instead of simply returning
without cleaning up, the code should have a goto that jumps to
the spot right after the call to Curl_resolv().