Make parsing a semantic analysis a little more robust following Sema

Make parsing a semantic analysis a little more robust following Sema
failures that involve malformed types, e.g., "typename X::foo" where
"foo" isn't a type, or "std::vector<void>" that doens't instantiate
properly.

Similarly, be a bit smarter in our handling of ambiguities that occur
in Sema::getTypeName, to eliminate duplicate error messages about
ambiguous name lookup.

This eliminates two XFAILs in test/SemaCXX, one of which was crying
out to us, trying to tell us that we were producing repeated error
messages.

git-svn-id: https://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/cfe/trunk@68251 91177308-0d34-0410-b5e6-96231b3b80d8