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<h4><a id="affine"></a>-affine
<em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">r<sub>x</sub></em>,<em
class="arg">r<sub>y</sub></em>,<em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em>[,<em
- class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em>]
+ class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em>]</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the drawing transformation matrix for combined rotating and scaling.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
</p>
<p>It uses the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
-'<em>sync</em>' flag for channel syncronization), to determine which color
+'<em>sync</em>' flag for channel synchronization), to determine which color
values is used and modified. As the default <a href="#channel"
>-channel</a> setting is '<em>RGB,sync</em>', channels are modified
together by the same gamma value, preserving colors. </p>
>-auto-level</a> is the perfect or ideal version these operators. </p>
<p>It uses the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
-special '<em>sync</em>' flag for channel syncronization), to determine
+special '<em>sync</em>' flag for channel synchronization), to determine
which color values are used and modified. As the default <a
href="#channel" >+channel</a> setting is '<em>RGB,sync</em>', the
'<em>sync</em>' ensures that the color channels will are modified
-channel RB
</p>
-<p>All the channels that is present in an image can be specified using the
+<p>All the channels that are present in an image can be specified using the
special channel type <kbd>All</kbd>. Not all operators are 'channel capable',
but generally any operators that are generally 'grey-scale' image operators,
will understand this setting. See individual operator documentation. </p>
<br />
-<p>On top of the normal channel selection a extra flag can be specified,
+<p>On top of the normal channel selection an extra flag can be specified,
'<kbd>Sync</kbd>'. This is turned on by default and if set means that
operators that understand this flag should perform: cross-channel
-syncronization of the channels. If not specified, then most grey-scale
+synchronization of the channels. If not specified, then most grey-scale
operators will apply their image processing operations to each individual
channel (as specified by the rest of the <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
setting) completely independently from each other. </p>
processing with the understanding that fully-transparent colors should not
contribute to the final result. </p>
-<p>Basically, by default, operators work with color channels in syncronous, and
+<p>Basically, by default, operators work with color channels in synchronous, and
treats transparency as special, unless the <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
setting is modified so as to remove the effect of the '<kbd>Sync</kbd>' flag.
How each operator does this depends on that operators current implementation.
<p>The <a href="#chop">-chop</a> option removes entire rows and columns,
and moves the remaining corner blocks leftward and upward to close the gaps.</p>
-<p>While it can remove internal rows and columns of pixels, it is more typically
-used with as <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting and a '<kbd>+0+0</kbd>' offset
-so as to remove a single edge from an image. Compare this to <a href="#shave"
->-shave</a> whcih removes equal numbers of pixels from oppisite sides of the image.
-</p>
+<p>While it can remove internal rows and columns of pixels, it is more
+typically used with as <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting and zero
+offsets so as to remove a single edge from an image. Compare this to <a
+href="#shave" >-shave</a> which removes equal numbers of pixels from oppisite
+sides of the image. </p>
-<p>Using <a href="#chop">-chop</a> will effectivally undo the results of a
-<a href="#splice">-splice</a> that was given the same <em class="arg">geometry</em>
-and <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> settings. </p>
+<p>Using <a href="#chop">-chop</a> will effectivally undo the results of a <a
+href="#splice">-splice</a> that was given the same <em
+
class="arg">geometry</em> and <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> settings. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Clip along a named path from the 8BImageMagick profile.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>This is almost identica
te to <a href="#clip">-clip</a>. </p>
+<p>This is almost identica
l to <a href="#clip">-clip</a>. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
effectively clone all the images. </p>
<p>The <a href="#clone">+clone</a> will simply make a copy of the last image
-in the image sequence, and is thus equivelent to using a argument of
+in the image sequence, and is thus equivalent to using a argument of
'<kbd>−1</kbd>'. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<p>As an example, to add contrast to an image with offsets, try this command:</p>
<pre class="text">
-convert kittens.jpg -color-matrix \
- " 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
- 0.0 1.5 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
- 0.0 0.0 1.5 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
- 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 \
- 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 \
- 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, 1.0" kittens.png
+ convert kittens.jpg -color-matrix \
+ " 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
+ 0.0 1.5 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
+ 0.0 0.0 1.5 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
+ 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 \
+ 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 \
+ 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, 1.0" kittens.png
</pre>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<h4><a id="colorspace"></a>-colorspace <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
<p>Choices are:</p>
<pre class="text">
- CMY
- CMYK
- Gray
- HSB
- HSL
- HWB
- Lab
- Log
- OHTA
- Rec601Luma
- Rec601YCbCr
- Rec709Luma
- Rec709YCbCr
- RGB
- sRGB
- Transparent
- XYZ
- YCbCr
- YCC
- YIQ
- YPbPr
- YUV
+ CMY CMYK Gray HSB
+ HSL HWB Lab Log
+ OHTA Rec601Luma Rec601YCbCr Rec709Luma
+ Rec709YCbCr RGB sRGB Transparent
+ XYZ YCbCr YCC YIQ
+ YPbPr YUV
</pre>
<p>To print a complete list of colorspaces, use <a href="#list">-list colorspace</a>.</p>
<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000*R−0.454153*G−0.045847*B)*(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">sRGB</th></tr>
- <tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Rs ≤ .03928 then Rs=R/12.92 else Rs=((R+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
- <tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Gs ≤ .03928 then Gs=B/12.92 else Gs=((G+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
- <tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Bs ≤ .03928 then Bs=B/12.92 else Bs=((B+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
+ <tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Rs ≤ .04045 then Rs=R/12.92 else Rs=((R+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
+ <tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Gs ≤ .04045 then Gs=B/12.92 else Gs=((G+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
+ <tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Bs ≤ .04045 then Bs=B/12.92 else Bs=((B+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">XYZ</th></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">X=0.4124240*R+0.3575790*G+0.1804640*B</td></tr>
which can be 1, 2, 4, or 8. In such files, the color samples always have
8-bit depth.</dd>
+<dt>png:compression-filter=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
+ <dd> valid values are 0 through 7. 0-4 are the corresponding PNG filters,
+ 5 means adaptive filtering except for images with a colormap, 6 means
+ adaptive filtering for all images, 7 means MNG "loco" compression.</dd>
+
+<dt>png:compression-level=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
+ <dd> valid values are 0 through 9, with 0 providing the least but fastest
+ compression and 9 usually providing the best and always the slowest.</dd>
+
+<dt>png:compression-strategy=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
+ <dd> valid values are 0 through 4, meaning default, filtered, huffman_only,
+ rle, and fixed ZLIB compression strategy. If you are using an old zlib
+ that does not support Z_RLE (before 1.2.0) or Z_FIXED (before 1.2.2.2),
+ values 3 and 4, respectively, will use the zlib default strategy
+ instead.</dd>
+
<dt>png:exclude-chunk=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
<dt>png:include-chunk=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
<dd>ancillary chunks to be excluded from or included in PNG output.
list. Although PNG chunk-names are case-dependent, you can use
all lowercase names if you prefer.</p>
+ <p>The "include-chunk" and "exclude-chunk" lists only affect the behavior
+ of the PNG encoder and have no effect on the PNG decoder.</p>
+
<p>As a special case, if the <kbd>sRGB</kbd> chunk is excluded and
the <kbd>gAMA</kbd> chunk is included, the <kbd>gAMA</kbd> chunk will
only be written if gamma is not 1/2.2, since most decoders assume
can achieve this with a single define:</p>
<pre class="text">
- -define png:include-chunk=none,gAMA
+ -define png:include-chunk=none,gAMA
</pre>
<p>The critical PNG chunks <kbd>IHDR</kbd>, <kbd>PLTE</kbd>,
- <kbd>IDAT</kbd>, and <kbd>IEND</kbd> cannot be excluded. Any of
- these entries appearing in the list will be ignored.</p>
+ <kbd>IDAT</kbd>, and <kbd>IEND</kbd> cannot be excluded. Any such
+ entries appearing in the list will be ignored.</p>
<p>If the ancillary PNG <kbd>tRNS</kbd> chunk is excluded and the
image has transparency, the PNG colortype is forced to be 4 or 6
following for PNG output:</p>
<pre class="text">
- -define png:include-chunk=none,gama
+ -define png:include-chunk=none,gama
</pre>
<p>The default behavior is to include all known PNG ancillary chunks
and to exclude all PNG chunks that are unknown to ImageMagick,
regardless of their PNG "copy-safe" status as described in the
PNG specification.</p>
- </dd>
+
+ <p>Any chunk names that are not known to ImageMagick are ignored
+ if they appear in either the "include-chunk" or "exclude-chunk" list.
+ The ancillary chunks currently known to ImageMagick are
+ <kbd>bKGD</kbd>, <kbd>cHRM</kbd>, <kbd>gAMA</kbd>, <kbd>iCCP</kbd>,
+ <kbd>oFFs</kbd>, <kbd>pHYs</kbd>, <kbd>sRGB</kbd>, <kbd>tEXt</kbd>,
+ <kbd>tRNS</kbd>, <kbd>vpAg</kbd>, and <kbd>zTXt</kbd>.</p>
+
+ <p>You can also put <kbd>date</kbd> in the list to include or exclude
+ the "Date:create" and "Date:modify" text chunks that ImageMagick normally
+ inserts in the output PNG.</p>
+
+</dd>
+
+<dt>png:preserve-colormap</dt>
+ <dd>Use the existing image->colormap. Normally the PNG encoder will
+ try to optimize the palette, eliminating unused entries and putting
+ the transparent colors first. If this flag is set, that behavior
+ is suppressed.</dd>
<dt>ps:imagemask</dt>
<dd>If the ps:imagemask flag is defined, the PS3 and EPS3 coders will create
any other nearby pixel, producing complex 2 dimensional displacements, rather
than a simple 1 dimensional vector displacements. </p>
-<p>Alteratively rather than suppling two separate images, as of IM v6.4.4-0,
+<p>Alteratively rather than supplying two separate images, as of IM v6.4.4-0,
you can use the 'red' channel of the overlay image to specify the horizontal
or X displacement, and the 'green' channel for the vertical or Y displacement.
</p>
<p>Here are the valid methods:</p>
<pre class="text">
-Undefined 0 No disposal specified (equivalent to '<kbd>none</kbd>').
-None 1 Do not dispose, just overlay next frame image.
-Background 2 Clear the frame area with the background color.
-Previous 3 Clear to the image prior to this frames overlay.
+ Undefined 0 No disposal specified (equivalent to '<kbd>none</kbd>').
+ None 1 Do not dispose, just overlay next frame image.
+ Background 2 Clear the frame area with the background color.
+ Previous 3 Clear to the image prior to this frames overlay.
</pre>
<p>You can also use the numbers given above, which is what the GIF format
pins' stuck in a block of 'jelly' which is then moved to the new
position, distorting te surface of the jelly. <br/>
- Internally it is equiv
elent to generating a displacement map (see <a
+ Internally it is equiv
alent to generating a displacement map (see <a
href="#displace" >-displace</a>) for source image color look-up using
the <a href="#sparse-color" >-sparse-color</a> method of the same name.
<p>The transformation primitives:</p>
<pre class="text">
- rotate degrees
- translate dx,dy
- scale sx,sy
- skewX degrees
- skewY degrees
+ rotate degrees
+ translate dx,dy
+ scale sx,sy
+ skewX degrees
+ skewY degrees
</pre>
<p>The pixel operation primitives:</p>
<pre class="text">
- color x0,y0 method
- matte x0,y0 method
+ color x0,y0 method
+ matte x0,y0 method
</pre>
<p>The shape primitives are drawn in the color specified by the preceding <a href="#fill">-fill</a> setting. For unfilled shapes, use <a href="#fill">-fill none</a>. You can optionally control the stroke (the "outline" of a shape) with the <a href="#stroke">-stroke</a> and <a href="#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a> settings.</p>
<p>You can use 0,0 for the image size, which means to use the actual
dimensions found in the image header. Otherwise, it is scaled to the given
dimensions. See <a href="../www/compose.html">Alpha Compositing</a> for
-a detailed discussion of alpha composition methods that are available. </p>
-
+a detailed discussion of alpha composition methods that are available.
+The "special augmented compose operators" such as "dissolve" that require
+arguments cannot be used at present with the <kbd>-draw image</kbd> option.
+ </p>
<p>Use <kbd>text</kbd> to annotate an image with text. Follow the text coordinates with a string. If the string has embedded spaces, enclose it in single or double quotes.</p>
<p>For example, the following annotates the image with <kbd>Works like magick!</kbd> for an image titled <kbd>bird.miff</kbd>. </p>
<p class="crtsnip">
- -draw 'text 100,100 "Works like magick!"'
+ -draw "text 100,100 'Works like magick!' "
</p>
<p>See the <a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> option for another convenient way to annotate an image with text.</p>
<p>Drawing primitives conform to the <a href="../www/magick-vector-graphics.html">Magick Vector Graphics</a> format.</p>
+
<div style="margin: auto;">
<h4><a id="duplicate"></a>-duplicate <em class="arg">count,indexes</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>create a <em>mirror image</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>reflect the scanlines in the vertical direction.</p>
+<p>reflect the scanlines in the vertical direction. The image will be mirrored
+upside-down. </p>
+
<div style="margin: auto;">
<h4><a id="floodfill"></a>-floodfill {<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em> <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
</div>
-<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>floodfill the image with color at the specified offset. Using <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> to floodfill pixels which only change by a small amount.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>floodfill the image with color at the specified offset.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+
+<p>Flood fill starts from the given 'seed point' which is not gravity effected.
+Any color that matches within <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> color distance of the
+given <em class="arg">color</em> argument, connected to that 'seed point'
+will be replaced with the current <a href="#fill" >-fill</a> color. </p>
+
+<p>Note that if the pixel at the 'seed point' does not itself match the given
+<em class="arg">color</em> (according to <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a>), then no
+action will be taken. </p>
+
+<p>This operator works more like the <a href="#opaque" >-opaque</A> option, than
+a more general flood fill that reads the matching color directly at the 'seed point'. For this form of flood fill, look at <a href="#draw" >-draw</a> and its 'color floodfill' drawing method. </p>
+
<div style="margin: auto;">
<h4><a id="flop"></a>-flop</h4>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>create a <em>mirror image</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>reflect the scanlines in the horizontal direction.</p>
+<p>Reflect the scanlines in the horizontal direction, just like the image in
+a vertical mirror. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<p>Here, <em class="arg">parameters</em> is a comma-separated list of numerical values. The number of values varies depending on which <em class="arg">function</em> is selected. Choose the <em class="arg">function</em> from:</p>
<pre class="text">
- Polynomial
- Sinusoid
- Arcsin
- Arctan
+ Polynomial
+ Sinusoid
+ Arcsin
+ Arctan
</pre>
<p>To print a complete list of <a href="#function">-function</a> operators, use <a href="#list">-list function</a>. Descriptions follow.</p>
<p>Choose from:</p>
<pre class="text">
- none
- line
- plane
- partition
- JPEG
- GIF
- PNG
+ none
+ line
+ plane
+ partition
+ JPEG
+ GIF
+ PNG
</pre>
<p>This option is used to specify the type of interlacing scheme for raw image formats such as <kbd>RGB</kbd> or <kbd>YUV</kbd>.</p>
point that falls between two, or even four different colored pixels. </p>
<pre class="text">
- integer: The color of the top-left pixel (floor function)
- nearest-neighbor: The nearest pixel to the lookup point (rounded function)
- average: The average color of the surrounding four pixels
- bilinear A double linear interpolation of pixels (the default)
- mesh Divide area into two flat triangular interpolations
- bicubic Fitted bicubic-spines of surrounding 16 pixels
- spline Direct spline curves (colors are blurred)
-
filter Use resize <a href="#filter">-filter</a> settings
+ integer The color of the top-left pixel (floor function)
+ nearest-neighbor The nearest pixel to the lookup point (rounded function)
+ average The average color of the surrounding four pixels
+ bilinear A double linear interpolation of pixels (the default)
+ mesh Divide area into two flat triangular interpolations
+ bicubic Fitted bicubic-spines of surrounding 16 pixels
+ spline Direct spline curves (colors are blurred)
+
filter Use resize <a href="#filter">-filter</a> settings
</pre>
<p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="#distort"
<tr valign="top">
<td valign="top">merge</td>
<td valign="top">As 'flatten' method but merging all the given image
- layers into a new layer image just large enough to hold all the image
- without clipping or extra space. The new images virtual offset will
- prevere the position of the new layer, even if this offset is
- negative. the virtual canvas size of the first image is preserved.
+ layers to create a new layer image just large enough to hold all the
+ image without clipping or extra space. The new images virtual offset
+ will preserve the position of the new layer, even if this offset is
+ negative. The virtual canvas size of the first image is preserved.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr><td></td><td>Caution is advised when handling image layers with
+ negative offsets as few image file formats handle them correctly.
+ Following this operation methd with <a href="#repage" >+repage</a>
+ will remove the layer offset, and create a image in which all the
+ overlaid image positions relative to each other is preserved, though
+ not nessaraily exactly where you specified them.
</td>
- </tr>
+ </tr>
- <tr><td></td><td>Caution is advised when handling image layers with negative offsets
- as few image file formats handle them correctly. </td>
+ <tr><td></td><td>See also 'trim-bounds' below whcih is closely related but
+ without doing the'flatten' to merge the images together. </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td valign="top">mosaic</td>
<td valign="top">As 'flatten' method but expanding the initial canvas size
- of the first image so as to hold all the image layers. However as a
- virtual canvas is 'locked' to the origin, by definition, image layers
- with a negative offsets will still be clipped by the top and left
- edges.</td>
+ of the first image in a positive direction only so as to hold all the
+ image layers. However as a virtual canvas is 'locked' to the origin,
+ by its own definition, image layers with a negative offsets will still
+ become clipped by the top and left edges. See 'merge' or 'trim-bounds'
+ if this could be a problem. </td>
+
</tr>
- <tr><td></td><td>This method is commonly used to layout individual image using various
- offset but without knowing the final canvas size. The resulting image
- will, like 'flatten' not have any virtual offset, so can be saved to
- any image file format. </td>
+ <tr><td></td><td>This method is commonly used to layout individual image
+ using various offset but without knowing the final canvas size. The
+ resulting image will, like 'flatten' not have any virtual offset, so
+ can be saved to any image file format. </td>
</tr>
the result will continue to animate properly. </td>
</tr>
- <tr><td></td><td> There is no guarantee that the best optimization is found. But
- then no reasonably fast GIF optimization algorithm can do this.
+ <tr><td></td><td> There is no guarantee that the best optimization is found.
+ But then no reasonably fast GIF optimization algorithm can do this.
However this does seem to do better than most other GIF frame
optimizers seen. </td>
</tr>
'<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>' technique. </td>
</tr>
- <tr><td></td><td>There is the possibility that the change in the disposal style will
- result in a worsening in the optimization of later frames, though this
- is unlikely. In other words there no guarantee that it is better than
- the normal '<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>' technique. For some animations
- however you can get a vast improvement in the final animation size. </td>
+ <tr><td></td><td>There is the possibility that the change in the disposal
+ style will result in a worsening in the optimization of later frames,
+ though this is unlikely. In other words there no guarantee that it is
+ better than the normal '<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>' technique. For some
+ animations however you can get a vast improvement in the final
+ animation size. </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
</td>
</tr>
- <tr><td></td><td>This should allow a existing frame optimized GIF animation to compress
- into a smaller file size due to larger areas of one (transparent)
- color rather than a pattern of multiple colors repeating the current
- disposed image of the last frame. </td>
+ <tr><td></td><td>This should allow a existing frame optimized GIF animation
+ to compress into a smaller file size due to larger areas of one
+ (transparent) color rather than a pattern of multiple colors repeating
+ the current disposed image of the last frame. </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
</td>
</tr>
- <tr><td></td><td>Usually this a result of using a constant time delay across the
- whole animation, or after a larger animation was split into smaller
- sub-animations. The duplicate frames could also have been used as
- part of some frame optimization methods. </td>
+ <tr><td></td><td>Usually this a result of using a constant time delay
+ across the whole animation, or after a larger animation was split into
+ smaller sub-animations. The duplicate frames could also have been
+ used as part of some frame optimization methods. </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
warning is then issued). </td>
</tr>
- <tr><td></td><td>In a GIF animation, such images are usually frames which provide
- partial intermediary updates between the frames that are actually
- displayed to users. These frames are usally added for improved frame
- optimization in GIF animations. </td>
+ <tr><td></td><td>In a GIF animation, such images are usually frames which
+ provide partial intermediary updates between the frames that are
+ actually displayed to users. These frames are usally added for
+ improved frame optimization in GIF animations. </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td valign="top">trim-bounds</td>
<td valign="top">Find the bounds of all the images in the current
image sequence, then adjust the offsets so all images are contained on
- a minimal positive canvas. None of the image data is modified, only
- there virtual canvas size and offset. The all the image is given
- the same canvas size, and and will have a positive offset, but will
- remain in the same position relative to each other. As a result of the
- minimal canvas size at least one image will touch every edge of that
- canvas. The image data however may be transparent.
- </td>
+ a minimal positive canvas. None of the image data is modified or
+ merged, only the individual image virtual canvas size and offset.
+ All the images is given the same canvas size, and and will have
+ a positive offset, but will remain in the same position relative to
+ each other. As a result of the minimal canvas size at least one image
+ will touch every edge of that canvas. The image data touching those
+ edges however may be transparent. </td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr><td></td><td>The result is much like if you used 'merge' followed by a
+ <a href="#repage" >+repage</a> option, except that all the images
+ have been kept separate. If 'flatten' is used after using
+ 'trim-bounds' you will get the same result. </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<p>The operators <a href="#coalesce" >-coalesce</a>, <a href="#deconstruct"
>-deconstruct</a>, <a href="#flatten" >-flatten</a>, and <a href="#mosaic"
->-mosaic</a> are only aliases for the above methods. Also see <a
-href="#page" >-page</a>, <a href="#repage" >-repage</a> operators, the <a
-href="#compose" >-compose</a> setting, and the GIF <a href="#dispose"
->-dispose</a> and <a href="#delay" >-delay</a> settings. </p>
+>-mosaic</a> are only aliases for the above methods and may be depreciated in
+the future. Also see <a href="#page" >-page</a>, <a href="#repage"
+>-repage</a> operators, the <a href="#compose" >-compose</a> setting, and the
+GIF <a href="#dispose" >-dispose</a> and <a href="#delay" >-delay</a>
+settings. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<p>Use <a href="#list">-list resource</a> to list the current limits. For example, our system shows these limits:</p>
<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>identify -list resource</span><span class='crtout'></span></p><pre class="text">
-File Area Memory Map Disk Thread Time
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- 768 12.404GB 8.6642GiB 23.104GiB 18.446744EB 8 unlimited
+ File Area Memory Map Disk Thread Time
+ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ 768 12.404GB 8.6642GiB 23.104GiB 18.446744EB 8 unlimited
</pre>
<p>Requests for pixel storage to keep intermediate images are satisfied by one of three resource categories: in-memory pool, memory-mapped files pool, and disk pool (in that order) depending on the <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#limit">‑limit</a> settings and whether the system honors a resource request. If the total size of allocated pixel storage in the given pool reaches the corresponding limit, the request is passed to the next pool. Additionally, requests that exceed the <kbd>area</kbd> limit automagically are allocated on disk.</p>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Print a list of supported arguments for various options or settings. Choose from these list types:</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<pre class="text">
- Align
- Alpha
- Boolean
- Channel
- Class
- ClipPath
- Coder
- Color
- Colorspace
- Command
- Compose
- Compress
- Configure
- DataType
- Debug
- Decoration
- Delegate
- Direction
- Dispose
- Distort
- Dither
- Endian
- Evaluate
- FillRule
- Filter
- Font
- Format
- Function
- Gravity
- ImageList
- Intent
- Interlace
- Interpolate
- Kernel
- Layers
- LineCap
- LineJoin
- List
- Locale
- LogEvent
- Log
- Magic
- Method
- Metric
- Mime
- Mode
- Morphology
- Module
- Noise
- Orientation
- Policy
- PolicyDomain
- PolicyRights
- Preview
- Primitive
- QuantumFormat
- Resource
- SparseColor
- Storage
- Stretch
- Style
- Threshold
- Type
- Units
- Validate
- VirtualPixel
+ Align Alpha Boolean Channel
+ Class ClipPath Coder Color
+ Colorspace Command Compose Compress
+ Configure DataType Debug Decoration
+ Delegate Direction Dispose Distort
+ Dither Endian Evaluate FillRule
+ Filter Font Format Function
+ Gravity ImageList Intent Interlace
+ Interpolate Kernel Layers LineCap
+ LineJoin List Locale LogEvent
+ Log Magic Method Metric
+ Mime Mode Morphology Module
+ Noise Orientation Policy PolicyDomain
+ PolicyRights Preview Primitive QuantumFormat
+ Resource SparseColor Storage Stretch
+ Style Threshold Type Units
+ Validate VirtualPixel
</pre>
<p>These lists vary depending on your version of ImageMagick. Use "<kbd>-list
characters:</p>
<pre class="text">
- %d domain
- %e event
- %f function
- %l line
- %m module
- %p process ID
- %r real CPU time
- %t wall clock time
- %u user CPU time
- %% percent sign
- \n newline
- \r carriage return
+ %d domain
+ %e event
+ %f function
+ %l line
+ %m module
+ %p process ID
+ %r real CPU time
+ %t wall clock time
+ %u user CPU time
+ %% percent sign
+ \n newline
+ \r carriage return
</pre>
<p>For example:</p>
<p>Choose from these <em class="arg">Standard Colormap</em> types:</p>
<pre class="text">
- best
- default
- gray
- red
- green
- blue
+ best
+ default
+ gray
+ red
+ green
+ blue
</pre>
<p>The <em class="arg">X server</em> must support the <em class="arg">Standard
<p>Here are the valid components of a map:</p>
<pre class="text">
- r red pixel component
- g green pixel component
- b blue pixel component
- a alpha pixel component (0 is transparent)
- o opacity pixel component (0 is opaque)
- i grayscale intensity pixel component
- c cyan pixel component
- m magenta pixel component
- y yellow pixel component
- k black pixel component
- p pad component (always 0)
+ r red pixel component
+ g green pixel component
+ b blue pixel component
+ a alpha pixel component (0 is transparent)
+ o opacity pixel component (0 is opaque)
+ i grayscale intensity pixel component
+ c cyan pixel component
+ m magenta pixel component
+ y yellow pixel component
+ k black pixel component
+ p pad component (always 0)
</pre>
<p>You can specify as many of these components as needed in any order (e.g.
<em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
</div>
-<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Composite the image pixels as defined by the mask.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Prevent updates to image pixels specified by the mask.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+
+<p>This the same as using a mask used for composite masking operations, with
+grayscale values causing blended updates of the image the mask is attached to.
+</P>
-<p>Use <a href="#mask">+mask</a> to remove the image mask.</p>
+<p>Use <a href="#mask">+mask</a> to remove the mask from images.</p>
+
+<p>Also see <a href="#clip-mask">-clip-mask</a> which work in the same way,
+but with strict boolean masking. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<h4><a id="mattecolor"></a>-mattecolor <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>return the maximum intensity of an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+<p>Select the 'maximum' value from all the surrounding pixels. </p>
+
+<p>This is legacy option from the <a href="#statistic" >method</A> of the same
+name. </p>
+
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a id="median"></a>-median <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="median"></a>-median <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a median filter to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+<p>Select the 'middle' value from all the surrounding pixels. </p>
+
+<p>This is legacy option from the <a href="#statistic" >method</A> of the same
+name. </p>
+
<div style="margin: auto;">
<h4><a id="metric"></a>-metric <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
</div>
<p>Choose from:</p>
<pre class="text">
- AE absolute error count, number of different pixels (-fuzz effected)
- FUZZ mean color distance
- MAE mean absolute error (normalized), average channel error distance
- MEPP mean error per pixel (normalized mean error, normalized peak error)
- MSE mean error squared, average of the channel error squared
- NCC normalized cross correlation
- PAE peak absolute (normalize peak absolute)
- PSNR peak signal to noise ratio
- RMSE root mean squared (normalized root mean squared)
+ AE absolute error count, number of different pixels (-fuzz effected)
+ FUZZ mean color distance
+ MAE mean absolute error (normalized), average channel error distance
+ MEPP mean error per pixel (normalized mean error, normalized peak error)
+ MSE mean error squared, average of the channel error squared
+ NCC normalized cross correlation
+ PAE peak absolute (normalize peak absolute)
+ PSNR peak signal to noise ratio
+ RMSE root mean squared (normalized root mean squared)
</pre>
<p>Control the '<kbd>AE</kbd>', or absolute count of pixels that are different,
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>return the minimum intensity of an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+<p>Select the 'minimal' value from all the surrounding pixels. </p>
+
+<p>This is legacy option from the <a href="#statistic" >method</A> of the same
+name. </p>
+
+
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a id="mode"></a>-mode <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="mode"></a>-mode <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
</div>
-<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>make each pixel the 'predomina
te color' of the neighborhood.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/convert.html">convert</a>, <a href="../www/mogrify.html">mogrify</a>]</td></tr></table>
+<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>make each pixel the 'predomina
nt color' of the neighborhood.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/convert.html">convert</a>, <a href="../www/mogrify.html">mogrify</a>]</td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<h4>-mode <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
<p>The red, green, and blue intensities of an image are negated. White becomes black, yellow becomes blue, etc. Use <a href="#negate">+negate</a> to only negate the grayscale pixels of the image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a id="noise"></a>-noise <em class="arg">radius</em><br/>
+ <h4><a id="noise"></a>-noise <em class="arg">geometry</em><br/>
+noise <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
</div>
<p>Use <a href="#noise">+noise</a> followed by a noise <em class="arg">type</em> to add noise to an image. Choose from these noise types:</p>
<pre class="text">
-Gaussian
-Impulse
-Laplacian
-Multiplicative
-Poisson
-Random
-Uniform
+ Gaussian
+ Impulse
+ Laplacian
+ Multiplicative
+ Poisson
+ Random
+ Uniform
</pre>
<p>To print a complete list of noises, use the <a href="#list">-list noise</a> option.</p>
<p>You can choose from these standard threshold maps:</p>
<pre class="text">
-threshold 1x1 Threshold 1x1 (non-dither)
-checks 2x1 Checkerboard 2x1 (dither)
-o2x2 2x2 Ordered 2x2 (dispersed)
-o3x3 3x3 Ordered 3x3 (dispersed)
-o4x4 4x4 Ordered 4x4 (dispersed)
-o8x8 8x8 Ordered 8x8 (dispersed)
-h4x4a 4x1 Halftone 4x4 (angled)
-h6x6a 6x1 Halftone 6x6 (angled)
-h8x8a 8x1 Halftone 8x8 (angled)
-h4x4o Halftone 4x4 (orthogonal)
-h6x6o Halftone 6x6 (orthogonal)
-h8x8o Halftone 8x8 (orthogonal)
-h16x16o Halftone 16x16 (orthogonal)
-c5x5b c5x5 Circles 5x5 (black)
-c5x5w Circles 5x5 (white)
-c6x6b c6x6 Circles 6x6 (black)
-c6x6w Circles 6x6 (white)
-c7x7b c7x7 Circles 7x7 (black)
-c7x7w Circles 7x7 (white)
+ threshold 1x1 Threshold 1x1 (non-dither)
+ checks 2x1 Checkerboard 2x1 (dither)
+ o2x2 2x2 Ordered 2x2 (dispersed)
+ o3x3 3x3 Ordered 3x3 (dispersed)
+ o4x4 4x4 Ordered 4x4 (dispersed)
+ o8x8 8x8 Ordered 8x8 (dispersed)
+ h4x4a 4x1 Halftone 4x4 (angled)
+ h6x6a 6x1 Halftone 6x6 (angled)
+ h8x8a 8x1 Halftone 8x8 (angled)
+ h4x4o Halftone 4x4 (orthogonal)
+ h6x6o Halftone 6x6 (orthogonal)
+ h8x8o Halftone 8x8 (orthogonal)
+ h16x16o Halftone 16x16 (orthogonal)
+ c5x5b c5x5 Circles 5x5 (black)
+ c5x5w Circles 5x5 (white)
+ c6x6b c6x6 Circles 6x6 (black)
+ c6x6w Circles 6x6 (white)
+ c7x7b c7x7 Circles 7x7 (black)
+ c7x7w Circles 7x7 (white)
</pre>
-<p> The <kbd>checks</kbd> pattern produces a 3 level checkerbord dither
-pattern. Or you can define your own <em class="arg" >threshold map</em> in a
-personal or system <kbd>thresholds.xml</kbd> XML file. </p>
+<p> The <kbd>threshold</kbd> generated a simple 50% threshold of the image.
+This could be used with <em class="arg" >level</em> to do the equivalent of <a
+href="#posterize" >-posterize</a> to reduce an image to basic primary colors.
+</p>
+
+<p>The <kbd>checks</kbd> pattern produces a 3 level checkerbord dither
+pattern. That is a grayscale will become a pattern of solid black, solid
+white, and mid-tone colors into a checkerboard pattern of black and white.
+</p>
-<p>To print a complete list of threshold, use the <a href="#list" >-list
-threshold</a> option.</p>
+<p>You can define your own <em class="arg" >threshold map</em> for ordered
+dithering and halftoning your images, in either personal or system
+<kbd>thresholds.xml</kbd> XML file. See <a href="resources.html" >Resources</A>
+for more details of configuration files. </p>
-<p>It is recommended that the <a href="#map" >+map</a> operator be used after
-applying <a href="#ordered-dither" >-ordered-dither</a> to reduce the number of
-colors an animated image sequence, to less that 256 colors. This ensures that
-a common or global color table is used when saving the result to a color
-limited file format such as GIF. </p>
+<p>To print a complete list of the thresholds that have been defined, use the
+<a href="#list" >-list threshold</a> option.</p>
-<p>Note that at this time the exact same threshold dithering map is used for
-all color channels, no attempt is made to offset or rotate the map for
-different channels is made, to create an offset printing effect. (possible
-future expansion) </p>
+<p>Note that at this time the same threshold dithering map is used for all
+color channels, no attempt is made to offset or rotate the map for different
+channels is made, to create an offset printing effect. Also as the maps are
+simple threshold levels, the halftone and circle maps will create incomplete
+circles along the edges of a colored area. Also all the effects are purely
+on/off boolean effects, without anti-aliasing to make the circles smooth
+looking. Large dots can be made to look better with a small amount of blurring
+after being created. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<p>Choose from these orientations:</p>
<pre class="text">
- bottom-left
- bottom-right
- left-bottom
- left-top
- right-bottom
- right-top
- top-left
- top-right
- undefined
+ bottom-left
+ bottom-right
+ left-bottom
+ left-top
+ right-bottom
+ right-top
+ top-left
+ top-right
+ undefined
</pre>
<p>To print a complete list of orientations, use the <a href="#list" >-list
<p>Use this option to affect the preview operation of an image (e.g. <kbd>convert file.png -preview Gamma Preview:gamma.png</kbd>). Choose from these previews:</p>
<pre class="text">
- Rotate
- Shear
- Roll
- Hue
- Saturation
- Brightness
- Gamma
- Spiff
- Dull
- Grayscale
- Quantize
- Despeckle
- ReduceNoise
- Add Noise
- Sharpen
- Blur
- Threshold
- EdgeDetect
- Spread
- Shade
- Raise
- Segment
- Solarize
- Swirl
- Implode
- Wave
- OilPaint
- CharcoalDrawing
- JPEG
+ Rotate Shear Roll Hue
+ Saturation Brightness Gamma Spiff
+ Dull Grayscale Quantize Despeckle
+ ReduceNoise Add Noise Sharpen Blur
+ Threshold EdgeDetect Spread Shade
+ Raise Segment Solarize Swirl
+ Implode Wave OilPaint CharcoalDrawing
+ JPEG
</pre>
<p>To print a complete list of previews, use the <a href="#list">-list preview</a> option.</p>
CMYK profiles are often very asymmetric since they involve 3−>4 and 4−>3 channel mapping.
</p>
-<p>The <a href="#profile">-profile</a> option can also be used to inject
-previously-formatted ancillary chunks into the output PNG file, using
-the commandline option as shown below or by setting the profile via a
-programming interface:</p>
-
-<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>-profile PNG-chunk-x:<filename></span></p>
-<p>where <em>x</em> is a location flag and
-<em class="arg">filename</em> is a file containing the chunk
-name in the first 4 bytes, then a colon (":"), followed by the chunk data.
-This encoder will compute the chunk length and CRC, so those must not
-be included in the file.</p>
-
-<p>"x" can be "b" (before PLTE), "m" (middle, i.e., between PLTE and IDAT),
-or "e" (end, i.e., after IDAT). If you want to write multiple chunks
-of the same type, then add a short unique string after the "x" to prevent
-subsequent profiles from overwriting the preceding ones, e.g.,</p>
-
-
-<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>-profile PNG-chunk-b01:file01 -profile PNG-chunk-b02:file02</span></p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<h4><a id="quality"></a>-quality <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>JPEG/MIFF/PNG compression level.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>For the JPEG and MPEG image formats, quality is 1 (lowest image quality and highest compression) to 100 (best quality but least effective compression). The default is to use the estimate quality of your input image otherwise 92. Use the <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to specify the factors for chroma downsampling.</p>
+<p>For the JPEG and MPEG image formats, quality is 1 (lowest image quality and
+highest compression) to 100 (best quality but least effective compression).
+The default is to use the estimated quality of your input image if it can
+be determined, otherwise 92. When the quality is greater than 90, then the
+chroma channels are not downsampled.
+Use the <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to specify the
+factors for chroma downsampling.</p>
<p>For the MIFF image format, quality/10 is the zlib compression level, which is 0 (worst but fastest compression) to 9 (best but slowest). It has no effect on the image appearance, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
<p>For the JPEG-2000 image format, quality is mapped using a non-linear equation to the compression ratio required by the Jasper library. This non-linear equation is intended to loosely approximate the quality provided by the JPEG v1 format. The default quality value 100, a request for non-lossy compression. A quality of 75 results in a request for 16:1 compression.</p>
-<p>For the MNG and PNG image formats, the quality value sets the zlib compression level (quality / 10) and filter-type (quality % 10). For compression level 0, the Huffman-only strategy is used, which is fastest but not necessarily the worst compression. The default PNG compression is 75.</p>
+<p>For the MNG and PNG image formats, the quality value sets the zlib
+compression level (quality / 10) and filter-type (quality % 10). The default
+PNG "quality" is 75, which means compression level 7 with adaptive PNG
+filtering, unless the image has a color map, in which case it means
+compression level 7 with no PNG filtering.</p>
+
+<p>For compression level 0, the Huffman-only strategy is used, which is fastest but not necessarily the worst compression.</p>
-<p>If filter-type is 4 or less, the specified filter-type is used for all scanlines:</p>
+<p>If filter-type is 4 or less, the specified PNG filter-type is used for
+all scanlines:</p>
<pre class="text">
- 0: none
- 1: sub
- 2: up
- 3: average
- 4: Paeth
+ 0: none
+ 1: sub
+ 2: up
+ 3: average
+ 4: Paeth
</pre>
-<p>If filter-type is 5, adaptive filtering is used when quality is greater than 50 and the image does not have a color map, otherwise no filtering is used.</p>
+<p>If filter-type is 5, adaptive filtering is used when quality is greater
+than 50 and the image does not have a color map, otherwise no filtering is
+used.</p>
-<p>If filter-type is 6, adaptive filtering with <em class="arg">minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</em> is used.</p>
+<p>If filter-type is 6, adaptive filtering
+with <em class="arg">minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</em> is used.</p>
-<p>Only if the output is MNG, if filter-type is 7, the LOCO color transformation and adaptive filtering with <em class="arg">minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</em> are used.</p>
+<p>Only if the output is MNG, if filter-type is 7, the LOCO color
+transformation (intrapixel differencing) and adaptive filtering
+with <em class="arg">minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</em> are used.</p>
-<p>The quality setting has no effect on the appearance of PNG and MNG images, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
+<p>If the filter-type is 8 the zlib Z_RLE compression strategy is used with
+ no PNG filtering.</p>
-<p>For further information, see the <a href="http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/TR">PNG</a> specification.</p>
+<p>If the filter-type is 9 the zlib Z_RLE compression strategy is used with
+ adaptive PNG filtering.</p>
+
+<p>The quality setting has no effect on the appearance or signature of PNG
+and MNG images, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
+
+<p>Not all combinations of compression level, strategy, and PNG filter type
+can be obtained using the -quality option. For more precise control,
+you can use the PNG:compression-level=N, PNG:compression-strategy=N, and
+PNG:compression-filter=N defines, respectively, instead.
+See <a href="#define">-define</a>. Values from the defines take precedence
+over values from the -quality option.</p>
+
+<p>For further information, see
+the <a href="http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/TR">PNG</a> specification.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<h4><a id="quantize"></a>-quantize <em class="arg">colorspace</em></h4>
>-verbose</a> information ("<kbd>info:</kbd>" output format) as "Properties".
</p>
-<p>This includes string 'properities' that are set by and assigned to images
+<p>This includes string 'properties' that are set by and assigned to images
using the options <a href="#comment" >-comment</a>, <a href="#label"
>-label</a>, <a href="#caption" >-caption</a>. These options actually assign
a global 'artifact' which are automatically assigned (and any <a href="../www/escape.html" >Format Percent
Properties</a> in the defined value. For example:</p>
<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set origsize '%wx%h' -resize 50% \</span><span class='crtout'> -format 'Old size = %[origsize] New size = %wx%h' info:</span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>Old size = 70x46 New size = 35x23</span></p>
-<p>Other well known 'properities' that can be include:
+<p>Other well known 'properties' that are availible include:
'<kbd>date:create</kbd>' and '<kbd>date:modify</kbd>' and
'<kbd>signature</kbd>'. </p>
<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set filename:mysize '%wx%h' 'rose_%[filename:mysize].png'</span></p>
<p>If the setting value is prefixed with "<kbd>option:</kbd>" the setting will
be saved as a global "Artifact" exactly as if it was set using the <a
-href="#define" >-define</a> option. As such settings are globel in scope, they
-can be used to pass 'attributes' and 'properities' of one specific image,
+href="#define" >-define</a> option. As such settings are global in scope, they
+can be used to pass 'attributes' and 'properties' of one specific image,
in a way that allows you to use them in a completely different image, even if
the original image has long since been modified or destroyed. For example: </p>
<p>You can set the attributes of the image registry by prefixing the value
with <kbd>registry:</kbd>.</p>
+<p>The <a href="#set">-set profile</a> option can also be used to inject
+previously-formatted ancillary chunks into the output PNG file, using
+the commandline option as shown below or by setting the profile via a
+programming interface:</p>
+
+<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert in.png -set profile PNG-chunk-x:<filename> out.png</span></p>
+<p>where <em>x</em> is a location flag and
+<em class="arg">filename</em> is a file containing the chunk
+name in the first 4 bytes, then a colon (":"), followed by the chunk data.
+This encoder will compute the chunk length and CRC, so those must not
+be included in the file.</p>
+
+<p>"x" can be "b" (before PLTE), "m" (middle, i.e., between PLTE and IDAT),
+or "e" (end, i.e., after IDAT). If you want to write multiple chunks
+of the same type, then add a short unique string after the "x" to prevent
+subsequent profiles from overwriting the preceding ones, e.g.,</p>
+
+
+<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert in.png -set profile PNG-chunk-b01:file01 / <br/>
+ -profile PNG-chunk-b02:file02 out.png</span></p>
+<p> </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<p>For Photo CD images, choose from these sizes:</p>
<pre class="text">
- 192x128
- 384x256
- 768x512
- 1536x1024
- 3072x2048
+ 192x128
+ 384x256
+ 768x512
+ 1536x1024
+ 3072x2048
</pre>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<th align="left">Description</th>
</tr>
+ <tr valign="top">
+ <td valign="top">barycentric</td>
+ <td valign="top">three point triangle of color given 3 points.
+ Giving only 2 points will form a linear gradient between those points.
+ The gradient generated extends beyond the triangle created by those
+ 3 points. </td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr valign="top">
+ <td valign="top">bilinear</td>
+ <td valign="top">Like barycentric but for 4 points. Less than 4 points
+ fall back to barycentric. </td>
+ </tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td valign="top">voronoi</td>
<td valign="top">Simply map each pixel to the to nearest color point
<td valign="top">Colors points biased on the ratio of inverse distance
squared. Generating spots of color in a sea of the average of
colors. </td>
- </tr>
-
- <tr valign="top">
- <td valign="top">barycentric</td>
- <td valign="top">three point triangle of color given 3 points.
- Giving only 2 points will form a linear gradient between those points.
- Gradient is however not restricted to just the triangle or line. </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
- <td valign="top">bilinear</td>
- <td valign="top">Like barycentric but for 4 points. Less than 4 points
- fall back to barycentric. </td>
+ <td valign="top">inverse</td>
+ <td valign="top">Colors points biased on the ratio of inverse distance.
+ This generates sharper points of color rather than rounded spots of
+ '<kbd>shepards</kbd>' Generating spots of color in a sea of the
+ average of colors. </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</p>
<p>Only the color channels defined by the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> are
-modified, whcih means the matte/alpha transparency channel is not effected by
-default. If enabled, the image also needs a the matte/alpha channel to be
-enabled for this operator to effect an images transparency. This is typical
-transparency handling for images. </p>
+modified, which means that by default matte/alpha transparency channel is not
+effected. Typically transparency channel is turned off either before or after
+the operation. </P>
+
+Of course if some color points are transparent to generate a transparent
+gradient, then the image also requires transparency enabled to store the
+values. </p>
<p>All the above methods when given a single point of color will replace all
the colors in the image with the color given, regardless of the point. This is
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Splice the current background color into the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. See <a href="#background">-background</a> to reset the background color.</p>
+<p>This will add rows and columns of the current <a
+href="#background">-background</a> color into the given image according to the
+given <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> effectd geometry setting. >See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Essentually <a href="#splice">-splice</a> will divide the
+image into four quadrants, separating them by the inserted rows and columns.
+</P>
+
+If a dimension of geometry is zero no rows or columns will be added for that
+dimension. Similarly using a zero offset with the appropriate <a
+href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting will add rows and columns to the edges of
+the image, padding the image only along that one edge. Edge padding is what <a
+href="#splice">-splice</a> is most commonly used for. </p>
+
+<p>If the exact same <em class="arg">geometry</em> and <a
+href="#gravity">-gravity</a> is later used with <a href="#chop">-chop</a> the
+added added all splices removed. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<h4><a id="spread"></a>-spread <em class="arg">amount</em></h4>
<p>Choose from these statistic types:</p>
<pre class="text">
- Maximum
- Minimum
- Mean
- Median
- Mode
- Nonpeak
+ Gradient maximum difference in area
+ Maximum maximum value per channel in neighborhood
+ Minimum minimum value per channel in neighborhood
+ Mean average value per channel in neighborhood
+ Median median value per channel in neighborhood
+ Mode mode (most frequent) value per channel in neighborhood
+ Nonpeak value just before or after the median value per channel in neighborhood
</pre>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>pixel storage type. Here are the valid types:</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<pre class="text">
- char store pixels as unsigned characters
- double store pixels as doubles
- float store pixels as floats
- integer store pixels as integers
- long store pixels as longs
- quantum store pixels in the native depth of your ImageMagick distribution
- short store pixels as unsigned shorts
+ char unsigned characters
+ double doubles
+ float floats
+ integer integers
+ long longs
+ quantum pixels in the native depth of your ImageMagick distribution
+ short unsigned shorts
</pre>
<p>Float and double types are normalized from 0.0 to 1.0 otherwise the pixels
<p>This setting suggests a type of stretch that ImageMagick should try to apply to the currently selected font family. Select <em class="arg">fontStretch</em> from the following.</p>
<pre class="text">
- Any
- Condensed
- Expanded
- ExtraCondensed
- ExtraExpanded
- Normal
- SemiCondensed
- SemiExpanded
- UltraCondensed
- UltraExpanded
+ Any
+ Condensed
+ Expanded
+ ExtraCondensed
+ ExtraExpanded
+ Normal
+ SemiCondensed
+ SemiExpanded
+ UltraCondensed
+ UltraExpanded
</pre>
<p>To print a complete list of stretch types, use <a href="#list">-list stretch</a>.</p>
the following.</p>
<pre class="text">
- Any
- Italic
- Normal
- Oblique
+ Any
+ Italic
+ Normal
+ Oblique
</pre>
<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#family">-family</a>, <a href="#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
<p>The parameters are:</p>
<pre class="text">
- radius: The radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center
- pixel (default 0).
- sigma: The standard deviation of the Gaussian, in pixels (default 1.0).
- amount: The fraction of the difference between the original and the blur
- image that is added back into the original (default 1.0).
- threshold: The threshold, as a fraction of <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>, needed to apply the
- difference amount (default 0.05).
+ radius The radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center
+ pixel (default 0).
+ sigma The standard deviation of the Gaussian, in pixels (default 1.0).
+ amount The fraction of the difference between the original and the blur
+ image that is added back into the original (default 1.0).
+ threshold The threshold, as a fraction of <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>, needed to apply the
+ difference amount (default 0.05).
</pre>
<p>Choose from these methods:</p>
<pre class="text">
- background: the area surrounding the image is the background color
- black: the area surrounding the image is black
- checker-tile: alternate squares with image and background color
- dither: non-random 32x32 dithered pattern
- edge: extend the edge pixel toward infinity
- gray: the area surrounding the image is gray
- horizontal-tile: horizontally tile the image, background color above/below
- horizontal-tile-edge: horizontally tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels
- mirror: mirror tile the image
- random: choose a random pixel from the image
- tile: tile the image (default)
- transparent: the area surrounding the image is transparent blackness
- vertical-tile: vertically tile the image, sides are background color
- vertical-tile-edge: vertically tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels
- white: the area surrounding the image is white
+ background the area surrounding the image is the background color
+ black the area surrounding the image is black
+ checker-tile alternate squares with image and background color
+ dither non-random 32x32 dithered pattern
+ edge extend the edge pixel toward infinity
+ gray the area surrounding the image is gray
+ horizontal-tile horizontally tile the image, background color above/below
+ horizontal-tile-edge horizontally tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels
+ mirror mirror tile the image
+ random choose a random pixel from the image
+ tile tile the image (default)
+ transparent the area surrounding the image is transparent blackness
+ vertical-tile vertically tile the image, sides are background color
+ vertical-tile-edge vertically tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels
+ white the area surrounding the image is white
</pre>
<p>The default value is "edge".</p>
<p>Choose from these visual classes:</p>
<pre class="text">
- StaticGray
- GrayScale
- StaticColor
- PseudoColor
- TrueColor
- DirectColor
- default
- visual id
+ StaticGray
+ GrayScale
+ StaticColor
+ PseudoColor
+ TrueColor
+ DirectColor
+ default
+ visual id
</pre>
<p>The X server must support the visual you choose, otherwise an error occurs. If a visual is not specified, the visual class that can display the most simultaneous colors on the default screen is chosen.</p>
projects / imagemagick / blobdiff