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+<h1>Create, Edit, or Compose Bitmap Images With These Command-line Options</h1>
<p class="navigation-index">
-[ <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#adaptive-blur">‑adaptive‑blur</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#adaptive-resize">‑adaptive‑resize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#adaptive-sharpen">‑adaptive‑sharpen</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#adjoin">‑adjoin</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#affine">‑affine</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#alpha">‑alpha</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#annotate">‑annotate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#antialias">‑antialias</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#append">‑append</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#attenuate">‑attenuate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a 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class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#blend">‑blend</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#blue-primary">‑blue‑primary</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#blue-shift">‑blue‑shift</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#blur">‑blur</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#border">‑border</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#bordercolor">‑bordercolor</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#borderwidth">‑borderwidth</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#brightness-contrast">‑brightness‑contrast</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#cache">‑cache</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#caption">‑caption</a> <span class='bull'> • 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class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#colorize">‑colorize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#colormap">‑colormap</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#color-matrix">‑color‑matrix</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#colors">‑colors</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#colorspace">‑colorspace</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#combine">‑combine</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#comment">‑comment</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#compose">‑compose</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#composite">‑composite</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#compress">‑compress</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#contrast">‑contrast</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch">‑contrast‑stretch</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#crop">‑crop</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#cycle">‑cycle</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#debug">‑debug</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#decipher">‑decipher</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#deconstruct">‑deconstruct</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#define">‑define</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#delay">‑delay</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#delete">‑delete</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#density">‑density</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#depth">‑depth</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#descend">‑descend</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#deskew">‑deskew</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#despeckle">‑despeckle</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#direction">‑direction</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#displace">‑displace</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#display">‑display</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#dispose">‑dispose</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a 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href="../www/command-line-options.html#enhance">‑enhance</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#equalize">‑equalize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#evaluate">‑evaluate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#evaluate-sequence">‑evaluate‑sequence</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#extent">‑extent</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#extract">‑extract</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#family">‑family</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#features">‑features</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#fft">‑fft</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#fill">‑fill</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a 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</span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#cdl">‑cdl</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#charcoal">‑charcoal</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#chop">‑chop</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#clamp">‑clamp</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#clip">‑clip</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#clip-mask">‑clip‑mask</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#clip-path">‑clip‑path</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#clone">‑clone</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#clut">‑clut</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#coalesce">‑coalesce</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#colorize">‑colorize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#colormap">‑colormap</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#color-matrix">‑color‑matrix</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#colors">‑colors</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#colorspace">‑colorspace</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#combine">‑combine</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#comment">‑comment</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#compose">‑compose</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#composite">‑composite</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#compress">‑compress</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#contrast">‑contrast</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch">‑contrast‑stretch</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#crop">‑crop</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#cycle">‑cycle</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#debug">‑debug</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#decipher">‑decipher</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#deconstruct">‑deconstruct</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#define">‑define</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#delay">‑delay</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#delete">‑delete</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#density">‑density</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#depth">‑depth</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#descend">‑descend</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#deskew">‑deskew</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#despeckle">‑despeckle</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#direction">‑direction</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#displace">‑displace</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#display">‑display</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#dispose">‑dispose</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#dissimilarity-threshold">‑dissimilarity‑threshold</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#dissolve">‑dissolve</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#distort">‑distort</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#dither">‑dither</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#draw">‑draw</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#duplicate">‑duplicate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#edge">‑edge</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#emboss">‑emboss</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#encipher">‑encipher</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#encoding">‑encoding</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#endian">‑endian</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#enhance">‑enhance</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#equalize">‑equalize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#evaluate">‑evaluate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#evaluate-sequence">‑evaluate‑sequence</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#extent">‑extent</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#extract">‑extract</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#family">‑family</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#features">‑features</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#fft">‑fft</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#fill">‑fill</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#filter">‑filter</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#flatten">‑flatten</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#flip">‑flip</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#floodfill">‑floodfill</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#flop">‑flop</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#font">‑font</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#foreground">‑foreground</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#format">‑format</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#format_identify_">‑format[identify]</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#frame">‑frame</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#frame_import_">‑frame[import]</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#function">‑function</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#fuzz">‑fuzz</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#fx">‑fx</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#gamma">‑gamma</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#gaussian-blur">‑gaussian‑blur</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#geometry">‑geometry</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#gravity">‑gravity</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#green-primary">‑green‑primary</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#hald-clut">‑hald‑clut</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#help">‑help</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#highlight-color">‑highlight‑color</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#iconGeometry">‑iconGeometry</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#iconic">‑iconic</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#identify">‑identify</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#ift">‑ift</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#immutable">‑immutable</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#implode">‑implode</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#insert">‑insert</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#intent">‑intent</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#interlace">‑interlace</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#interpolate">‑interpolate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#interline-spacing">‑interline‑spacing</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#interword-spacing">‑interword‑spacing</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#kerning">‑kerning</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#label">‑label</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#lat">‑lat</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#layers">‑layers</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#level">‑level</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#level-colors">‑level‑colors</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#limit">‑limit</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#linear-stretch">‑linear‑stretch</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#linewidth">‑linewidth</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#liquid-rescale">‑liquid‑rescale</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#list">‑list</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#log">‑log</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#loop">‑loop</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#lowlight-color">‑lowlight‑color</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#magnify">‑magnify</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#map">‑map</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#map_stream_">‑map[stream]</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#mask">‑mask</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#mattecolor">‑mattecolor</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#median">‑median</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#metric">‑metric</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#mode">‑mode</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#modulate">‑modulate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#monitor">‑monitor</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#monochrome">‑monochrome</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#morph">‑morph</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#morphology">‑morphology</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#mosaic">‑mosaic</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#motion-blur">‑motion‑blur</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#name">‑name</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#negate">‑negate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#noise">‑noise</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#normalize">‑normalize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#opaque">‑opaque</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">‑ordered‑dither</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#orient">‑orient</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#page">‑page</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#paint">‑paint</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#path">‑path</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#pause_animate_">‑pause[animate]</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#pause_import_">‑pause[import]</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#pen">‑pen</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#ping">‑ping</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#pointsize">‑pointsize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#polaroid">‑polaroid</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#posterize">‑posterize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#precision">‑precision</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#preview">‑preview</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#print">‑print</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#process">‑process</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#profile">‑profile</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#quality">‑quality</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#quantize">‑quantize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#quiet">‑quiet</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#radial-blur">‑radial‑blur</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#raise">‑raise</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#random-threshold">‑random‑threshold</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#red-primary">‑red‑primary</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#regard-warnings">‑regard‑warnings</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#region">‑region</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#remap">‑remap</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#remote">‑remote</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#render">‑render</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#repage">‑repage</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#resample">‑resample</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#resize">‑resize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#respect-parentheses">‑respect‑parentheses</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#reverse">‑reverse</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#roll">‑roll</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#rotate">‑rotate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sample">‑sample</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">‑sampling‑factor</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#scale">‑scale</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#scene">‑scene</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#screen">‑screen</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#seed">‑seed</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#segment">‑segment</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#selective-blur">‑selective‑blur</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#separate">‑separate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sepia-tone">‑sepia‑tone</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#set">‑set</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#shade">‑shade</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#shadow">‑shadow</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#shared-memory">‑shared‑memory</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sharpen">‑sharpen</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#shave">‑shave</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#shear">‑shear</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sigmoidal-contrast">‑sigmoidal‑contrast</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#silent">‑silent</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#size">‑size</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sketch">‑sketch</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#smush">‑smush</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#snaps">‑snaps</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#solarize">‑solarize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sparse-color">‑sparse‑color</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#splice">‑splice</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#spread">‑spread</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#statistic">‑statistic</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#stegano">‑stegano</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#stereo">‑stereo</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#stretch">‑stretch</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#strip">‑strip</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#stroke">‑stroke</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#strokewidth">‑strokewidth</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#style">‑style</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#subimage-search">‑subimage‑search</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#swap">‑swap</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#swirl">‑swirl</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#synchronize">‑synchronize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#taint">‑taint</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#text-font">‑text‑font</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#texture">‑texture</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#thumbnail">‑thumbnail</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#tile">‑tile</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#tile-offset">‑tile‑offset</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#tint">‑tint</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#title">‑title</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transform">‑transform</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transparent">‑transparent</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transparent-color">‑transparent‑color</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transpose">‑transpose</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transverse">‑transverse</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#treedepth">‑treedepth</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#trim">‑trim</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#type">‑type</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#undercolor">‑undercolor</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#unique-colors">‑unique‑colors</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#units">‑units</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#unsharp">‑unsharp</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#update">‑update</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#verbose">‑verbose</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#version">‑version</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#view">‑view</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#vignette">‑vignette</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">‑virtual‑pixel</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#visual">‑visual</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#watermark">‑watermark</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#wave">‑wave</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#weight">‑weight</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#white-point">‑white‑point</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#white-threshold">‑white‑threshold</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#window">‑window</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#window-group">‑window‑group</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#write">‑write</a> ] </p>
+
+<div class="doc-section">
<p>Below is list of command-line options recognized by the ImageMagick <a
href="../www/command-line-tools.html">command-line
otherwise noted, each option is recognized by the commands <a href="../www/convert.html">convert</a>, <a href="../www/mogrify.html">mogrify</a>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="adaptive-blur" id="adaptive-blur"></a>-adaptive-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>[x<em class="arg">sigma</em>]</h4>
+ <h4><a id="adaptive-blur"></a>-adaptive-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>[x<em class="arg">sigma</em>]</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adaptively blur pixels, with decreasing effect near edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
- "direction",
<p>A Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (<em class="arg">sigma</em>) is used. If <em class="arg">sigma</em> is not given it defaults to 1.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="adaptive-resize" id="adaptive-resize"></a>-adaptive-resize <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="adaptive-resize"></a>-adaptive-resize <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Resize the image using data-dependent triangulation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <a href="#adaptive-resize">-adaptive-resize</a> option defaults to data-dependent triangulation. Use the <a href="#filter">-filter</a> to choose a different resampling algorithm. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are ignored, and the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option has no effect.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="adaptive-sharpen" id="adaptive-sharpen"></a>-adaptive-sharpen <em class="arg">radius</em>[x<em class="arg">sigma</em>]</h4>
+ <h4><a id="adaptive-sharpen"></a>-adaptive-sharpen <em class="arg">radius</em>[x<em class="arg">sigma</em>]</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adaptively sharpen pixels, with increasing effect near edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>A Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (<em class="arg">sigma</em>) is used. If <em class="arg">sigma</em> is not given it defaults to 1.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="adjoin" id="adjoin"></a>-adjoin</h4>
+ <h4><a id="adjoin"></a>-adjoin</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Join images into a single multi-image file.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>This option is enabled by default. An attempt is made to save all
-images of an image sequence into the given output file.
-However, some formats, such as JPEG and PNG, do not support more than one
-image per file, and in that case ImageMagick is forced to write each image as a separate file. As
-such, if more than one image needs to be written, the filename given is
-modified by adding a <a href="#scene">-scene</a> number before the
-suffix, in order to make distinct names for each image. </p>
-
-<p>Use <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> to force each image to be written
-to separate files, whether or not the file format allows multiple images
-per file (for example, GIF, MIFF, and TIFF). </p>
-
-<p>Including a C-style integer format string in the output filename will automagically enable <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> and are used to specify where the <a href="#scene">-scene</a> number is placed in the filenames. These strings, such as '<kbd>%d</kbd>' or '<kbd>%03d</kbd>', are familiar to those who have used the standard <kbd>printf()</kbd>' C-library function. As an example, the command</p>
+<p>This option is enabled by default. An attempt is made to save all images of
+an image sequence into the given output file. However, some formats, such as
+JPEG and PNG, do not support more than one image per file, and in that case
+ImageMagick is forced to write each image as a separate file. As such, if
+more than one image needs to be written, the filename given is modified by
+adding a <a href="#scene">-scene</a> number before the suffix, in order to
+make distinct names for each image. </p>
+
+<p>Use <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> to force each image to be written to
+separate files, whether or not the file format allows multiple images per file
+(for example, GIF, MIFF, and TIFF). </p>
+
+<p>Including a C-style integer format string in the output filename will
+automagically enable <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> and are used to specify
+where the <a href="#scene">-scene</a> number is placed in the filenames. These
+strings, such as '<kbd>%d</kbd>' or '<kbd>%03d</kbd>', are familiar to those
+who have used the standard <kbd>printf()</kbd>' C-library function. As an
+example, the command</p>
<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: rose: -morph 15 my%02dmorph.jpg</span></p>
-<p>will create a sequence of 17 images named my00morph.jpg, my01morph.jpg, my02morph.jpg, ..., my16morph.jpg.
-</p>
+<p>will create a sequence of 17 images (the two given plus 15 more created by
+<a href="#morph">-morph</a>), named: my00morph.jpg, my01morph.jpg,
+my02morph.jpg, ..., my16morph.jpg. </p>
-<p>In summary, ImageMagick tries to write all images to one file, but will use
-multiple files if either (1) the output image's file format does not allow multi-image files,
-(2) the <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> option is given, or (3) a C-style integer format string is
-present in the output filename. </p>
+<p>In summary, ImageMagick tries to write all images to one file, but will
+save to multiple files, if any of the following conditions exist...
+<ol>
+<li>the output image's file format does not allow multi-image files,
+<li>the <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> option is given, or
+<li>a printf() integer format string (eg: "%d") is present in the output
+ filename.
+</ol></p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="affine" id="affine"></a>-affine <em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">r<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">r<sub>y</sub></em>,<em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em>,<em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em><br/>
- -affine <em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">r<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">r<sub>y</sub></em>,<em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="affine"></a>-affine
+ <em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">r<sub>x</sub></em>,<em
+ class="arg">r<sub>y</sub></em>,<em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em>[,<em
+ class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em>]</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the drawing transformation matrix for combined rotating and scaling.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>This option sets a transformation matrix, encoded as (<em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em>, <em class="arg">r<sub>x</sub></em>, <em class="arg">r<sub>y</sub></em>, <em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em>, <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>, <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em>), for use by subsequent <a href="#draw">-draw</a> or <a href="#transform">-transform</a> options.</p>
+<p>This option sets a transformation matrix, for use by subsequent <a
+href="#draw">-draw</a> or <a href="#transform">-transform</a> options. </p>
-<p>The matrix entries are entered as comma-separated numeric values <i>with no spaces</i>. </p>
+<p>The matrix entries are entered as comma-separated numeric values either in
+quotes or without spaces. </p>
-<p>Internally, the transformation matrix has 3x3 elements, but three of them are omitted from the input because they are constant. The new (transformed) coordinates (<em class="arg">x'</em>, <em class="arg">y'</em>) of a pixel at position (<em class="arg">x</em>, <em class="arg">y</em>) in the original image are calculated using the following matrix equation.</p>
+<p>Internally, the transformation matrix has 3x3 elements, but three of them
+are omitted from the input because they are constant. The new (transformed)
+coordinates (<em class="arg">x'</em>, <em class="arg">y'</em>) of a pixel at
+position (<em class="arg">x</em>, <em class="arg">y</em>) in the original
+image are calculated using the following matrix equation.</p>
<div class="eqn">
<img alt="affine transformation" src="../images/affine.png"/>
</div>
-<p>
-The size of the resulting image is that of the smallest rectangle that contains the transformed source image. The parameters <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> subsequently shift the image pixels so that those that are moved out of the image area are cut off.</p>
+<p> The size of the resulting image is that of the smallest rectangle that
+contains the transformed source image. The parameters <em
+class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em>
+subsequently shift the image pixels so that those that are moved out of the
+image area are cut off.</p>
+
+<p>The transformation matrix complies with the left-handed pixel coordinate
+system: positive <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> directions
+are rightward and downward, resp.; positive rotation is clockwise.</p>
-<p>The transformation matrix complies with the left-handed pixel coordinate system: positive <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> directions are rightward and downward, resp.; positive rotation is clockwise.</p>
+<p> If the translation coefficients <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em> and <em
+class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> are omotted they default to 0,0. Therefore,
+four parameters suffice for rotation and scaling without translation.</p>
-<p> If the translation coefficients <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> are omotted they default to 0,0. Therefore, four parameters suffice for rotation and scaling without translation.</p>
+<p>Scaling by the factors <em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em> and <em
+class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em> in the <em>x</em> and <em>y</em> directions,
+respectively, is accomplished with the following.</p>
+
+<p>See <a href="#transform">-transform</a>, and the <a
+href="#distort">-distort</a> method '<kbd>Affineprojection</kbd> for more
+information </p>
-<p>Scaling by the factors <em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em> in the <em>x</em> and <em>y</em> directions, respectively, is accomplished with the following.</p>
<p class="crtsnip">
-affine <em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em>,0,0,<em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em>
<p>An attempt is made to detect near-singular transformation matrices. If the matrix determinant has a sufficiently small absolute value it is rejected.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="alpha" id="alpha"></a>-alpha <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="alpha"></a>-alpha <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Gives control of the alpha/matte channel of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="annotate" id="annotate"></a>
+ <h4><a id="annotate"></a>
-annotate <em class="arg">degrees</em> <em class="arg">text</em><br />
-annotate <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em>x<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> <em class="arg">text</em><br />
-annotate <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em>x<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> {+-}<em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>{+-}<em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> <em class="arg">text</em></h4>
<p>Text is any UTF-8 encoded character sequence. If <em class="arg">text</em> is of the form '@mytext.txt', the text is read from the file <kbd>mytext.txt</kbd>. Text in a file is taken literally; no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="antialias" id="antialias"></a>-antialias</h4>
+ <h4><a id="antialias"></a>-antialias</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Enable/Disable of the rendering of anti-aliasing pixels when
are added when drawing such objects. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="append" id="append"></a>-append</h4>
+ <h4><a id="append"></a>-append</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Join current images vertically or horizontally.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="attenuate" id="attenuate"></a>-attenuate <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="attenuate"></a>-attenuate <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Lessen (or intensify) when adding noise to an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="authenticate" id="authenticate"></a>-authenticate <em class="arg">password</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="authenticate"></a>-authenticate <em class="arg">password</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Decrypt a PDF with a password.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="auto-gamma" id="auto-gamma"></a>-auto-gamma</h4>
+ <h4><a id="auto-gamma"></a>-auto-gamma</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Automagically adjust gamma level of image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
</p>
<p>It uses the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
-'<CODE>sync</CODE>' flag for channel syncronization), to determine which color
+'<em>sync</em>' flag for channel synchronization), to determine which color
values is used and modified. As the default <a href="#channel"
->-channel</a> setting is '<CODE>RGB,sync</CODE>', channels are modified
+>-channel</a> setting is '<em>RGB,sync</em>', channels are modified
together by the same gamma value, preserving colors. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="auto-level" id="auto-level"></a>-auto-level</h4>
+ <h4><a id="auto-level"></a>-auto-level</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Automagically adjust color levels of image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
>-auto-level</a> is the perfect or ideal version these operators. </p>
<p>It uses the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
-special '<CODE>sync</CODE>' flag for channel syncronization), to determine
+special '<em>sync</em>' flag for channel synchronization), to determine
which color values are used and modified. As the default <a
-href="#channel" >+channel</a> setting is '<CODE>RGB,sync</CODE>', the
-'<CODE>sync</CODE>' ensures that the color channels will are modified
+href="#channel" >+channel</a> setting is '<em>RGB,sync</em>', the
+'<em>sync</em>' ensures that the color channels will are modified
together by the same gamma value, preserving colors, and ignoring
transparency. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="auto-orient" id="auto-orient"></a>-auto-orient</h4>
+ <h4><a id="auto-orient"></a>-auto-orient</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Automagically orient (rotate) an image created by a digital camera.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="average" id="average"></a>-average</h4>
+ <h4><a id="average"></a>-average</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Average a set of images.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="backdrop" id="backdrop"></a>-backdrop</h4>
+ <h4><a id="backdrop"></a>-backdrop</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Display the image centered on a backdrop.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
<p>This backdrop covers the entire workstation screen and is useful for hiding other X window activity while viewing the image. The color of the backdrop is specified as the background color. The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="background" id="background"></a>-background <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="background"></a>-background <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the background color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option. The default background color (if none is specified or found in the image) is white.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="bench" id="bench"></a>-bench <em class="arg">iterations</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="bench"></a>-bench <em class="arg">iterations</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Measure performance.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>In this example, 5 iterations were completed at 0.875657 iterations per second, using 6.88 seconds of the user's allotted time, for a total elapsed time of 5.71 seconds.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="bias" id="bias"></a>-bias <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
+ <h4><a id="bias"></a>-bias <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Add bias when convolving an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
(0..QuantumRange).</p>
<p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page
-<a href="/www/high-dynamic-range.html">High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a> entry.
+<a href="
../www/high-dynamic-range.html">High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a> entry.
</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="black-point-compensation" id="black-point-compensation"></a>-black-point-compensation</h4>
+ <h4><a id="black-point-compensation"></a>-black-point-compensation</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Use black point compensation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="black-threshold" id="black-threshold"></a>-black-threshold <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
+ <h4><a id="black-threshold"></a>-black-threshold <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Force to black all pixels below the threshold while leaving all pixels at or above the threshold unchanged.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="blend" id="blend"></a>-blend <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="blend"></a>-blend <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>blend an image into another by the given absolute value or percent.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="blue-primary" id="blue-primary"></a>-blue-primary <em class="arg">x</em>,<em class="arg">y</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="blue-primary"></a>-blue-primary <em class="arg">x</em>,<em class="arg">y</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the blue chromaticity primary point.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="blue-shift" id="blue-shift"></a>-blue-shift <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="blue-shift"></a>-blue-shift <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate a scene at nighttime in the moonlight. Start with a factor of 1.5</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="blur" id="blur"></a>-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="blur"></a>-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Reduce image noise and reduce detail levels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
</div>
<p>The <em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value is the important argument, and
-determines the actual amount of bluring that will take place. </p>
+determines the actual amount of blurring that will take place. </p>
<p>The <em class="arg" >Radius</em> is only used to determine the size of the
-array which will hold the calculated gaussian distribution. It should be an
+array which will hold the calculated Gaussian distribution. It should be an
integer. If not given, or set to zero, IM will calculate the largest possible
radius that will provide meaningful results for the Gaussian distribution.
</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="blur-composite" id="blur"></a>-blur <em class="arg">Width</em>[x<em class="arg">Height</em>[+<em class="arg">Angle</em>]]</h4>
+ <h4>-blur <em class="arg">Width</em>[x<em class="arg">Height</em>[+<em class="arg">Angle</em>]]</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Variably blur and image according to the overlay mapping.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="border" id="border"></a>-border <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="border"></a>-border <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Surround the image with a border of color. </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
functionality.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="bordercolor" id="bordercolor"></a>-bordercolor <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="bordercolor"></a>-bordercolor <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the border color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>The default border color is <kbd>#DFDFDF</kbd>, <span style="background-color: #dfdfdf;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="borderwidth" id="borderwidth"></a>-borderwidth <em class="arg">geometry</em> </h4>
+ <h4><a id="borderwidth"></a>-borderwidth <em class="arg">geometry</em> </h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the border width.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="brightness-contrast" id="brightness-contrast"></a>-brightness-contrast <em class="arg">brightness</em><br />-brightness-contrast <em class="arg">brightness</em>{x<em class="arg">contrast</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}}</h4>
+ <h4><a id="brightness-contrast"></a>-brightness-contrast <em class="arg">brightness</em><br />-brightness-contrast <em class="arg">brightness</em>{x<em class="arg">contrast</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}}</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adjust the brightness and/or contrast of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>Brightness and Contrast values apply changes to the input image. They are not absolute settings. A brightness or contrast value of zero means no change. The range of values is -100 to +100 on each. Positive values increase the brightness or contrast and negative values decrease the brightness or contrast. To control only contrast, set the brightness=0. To control only brightness, set contrast=0 or just leave it off.</p>
+<p>Brightness and Contrast values apply changes to the input image. They are
+not absolute settings. A brightness or contrast value of zero means no change.
+The range of values is -100 to +100 on each. Positive values increase the
+brightness or contrast and negative values decrease the brightness or contrast.
+To control only contrast, set the brightness=0. To control only brightness,
+set contrast=0 or just leave it off.</p>
-<p>You may also use <a href="#fill">-channel</a> to control which channels to apply the brightness and/or contrast change. The default is to apply the same transformation to all channels.</p>
+<p>You may also use <a href="#fill">-channel</a> to control which channels to
+apply the brightness and/or contrast change. The default is to apply the same
+transformation to all channels.</p>
-<p>Brightness and Contrast arguments are converted to offset and slope of a linear transform and applied using <a href="#fill">-function polynomial "slope,offset"</a>.</p>
+<p>Brightness and Contrast arguments are converted to offset and slope of a
+linear transform and applied
+using <a href="#fill">-function polynomial "slope,offset"</a>.</p>
-<p>The slope varies from 0 at contrast=-100 to almost vertical at contrast=+100. For brightness=0 and contrast=-100, the result are totally midgray. For brightness=0 and contrast=+100, the result will approach but not quite reach a threshold at midgray; that is the linear transformation is a very steep vertical line at mid gray.</p>
+<p>The slope varies from 0 at contrast=-100 to almost vertical at
+contrast=+100. For brightness=0 and contrast=-100, the result are totally
+midgray. For brightness=0 and contrast=+100, the result will approach but
+not quite reach a threshold at midgray; that is the linear transformation
+is a very steep vertical line at mid gray.</p>
-<p>Negative slopes, i.e. negating the image, are not possible with this function. All achievable slopes are zero or positive.</p>
+<p>Negative slopes, i.e. negating the image, are not possible with this
+function. All achievable slopes are zero or positive.</p>
-<p>The offset varies from -0.5 at brightness=-100 to 0 at brightness=0 to +0.5 at brightness=+100. Thus, when contrast=0 and brightness=100, the result is totally white. Similarly, when contrast=0 and brightness=-100, the result is totally black.</p>
+<p>The offset varies from -0.5 at brightness=-100 to 0 at brightness=0 to +0.5
+at brightness=+100. Thus, when contrast=0 and brightness=100, the result is
+totally white. Similarly, when contrast=0 and brightness=-100, the result is
+totally black.</p>
-<p>As the range of values for the arguments are -100 to +100, adding the '%' symbol is no different than leaving it off.</p>
+<p>As the range of values for the arguments are -100 to +100, adding the '%'
+symbol is no different than leaving it off.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="cache" id="cache"></a>-cache <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="cache"></a>-cache <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>(This option has been replaced by the <a href='#limit'>-limit</a> option.)</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="caption" id="caption"></a>-caption <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="caption"></a>-caption <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Assign a caption to an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="cdl" id="cdl"></a>-cdl <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="cdl"></a>-cdl <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>color correct with a color decision list.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
</pre>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="channel" id="channel"></a>-channel <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="channel"></a>-channel <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify those image color channels to which subsequent operators are limited.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>Choose from: <kbd>Red</kbd>, <kbd>Green</kbd>, <kbd>Blue</kbd>, <kbd>Alpha</kbd>, <kbd>Cyan</kbd>, <kbd>Magenta</kbd>, <kbd>Yellow</kbd>, <kbd>Black</kbd>, <kbd>Opacity</kbd>, <kbd>Index</kbd>, <kbd>RGB</kbd>, <kbd>RGBA</kbd>, <kbd>CMYK</kbd>, or <kbd>CMYKA</kbd>.</p>
+<p>Choose from: <kbd>Red</kbd>, <kbd>Green</kbd>, <kbd>Blue</kbd>,
+<kbd>Alpha</kbd>, <kbd>Cyan</kbd>, <kbd>Magenta</kbd>, <kbd>Yellow</kbd>,
+<kbd>Black</kbd>, <kbd>Opacity</kbd>, <kbd>Index</kbd>, <kbd>RGB</kbd>,
+<kbd>RGBA</kbd>, <kbd>CMYK</kbd>, or <kbd>CMYKA</kbd>.</p>
<p>The channels above can also be specified as a comma-separated list or can be
abbreviated as a concatenation of the letters '<kbd>R</kbd>', '<kbd>G</kbd>',
-channel RB
</p>
-<p>All the channels that is present in an image can be specified using the
+<p>All the channels that are present in an image can be specified using the
special channel type <kbd>All</kbd>. Not all operators are 'channel capable',
but generally any operators that are generally 'grey-scale' image operators,
will understand this setting. See individual operator documentation. </p>
-<br>
+<br />
-<p>On top of the normal channel selection a extra flag can be specified,
+<p>On top of the normal channel selection an extra flag can be specified,
'<kbd>Sync</kbd>'. This is turned on by default and if set means that
operators that understand this flag should perform: cross-channel
-syncronization of the channels. If not specified, then most grey-scale
+synchronization of the channels. If not specified, then most grey-scale
operators will apply their image processing operations to each individual
channel (as specified by the rest of the <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
setting) completely independently from each other. </p>
it being set, then each channel is modified separately and
independently, which may produce color distortion. </p>
-<p>The <a href="#morphology">-morphology</a> '<kdb>Convolve</kdb>' method
+<p>The <a href="#morphology">-morphology</a> '<kbd>Convolve</kbd>' method
and the <a href="#compose">-compose</a> mathematical methods, also understands
the '<kbd>Sync</kbd>' flag to modify the behaviour of pixel colors according
to the alpha channel (if present). That is to say it will modify the image
processing with the understanding that fully-transparent colors should not
contribute to the final result. </p>
-Basically, by default, operators work with color channels in syncronous, and
+<p>Basically, by default, operators work with color channels in synchronous, and
treats transparency as special, unless the <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
setting is modified so as to remove the effect of the '<kbd>Sync</kbd>' flag.
How each operator does this depends on that operators current implementation.
<p>To print a complete list of channel types, use <a href="#list">-list
channel</a>.</p>
-<br>
+<br />
<p>By default, ImageMagick sets <a href="#channel">-channel</a> to the value
'<kbd>RGBK,sync</kbd>', which specifies that operators act on all color
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="clamp" id="clamp"></a>-clamp</h4>
+ <h4><a id="clamp"></a>-clamp</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Restrict image colors from 0 to the quantum depth.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="charcoal" id="charcoal"></a>-charcoal <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="charcoal"></a>-charcoal <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Simulate a charcoal drawing.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="chop" id="chop"></a>-chop <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="chop"></a>-chop <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Remove pixels from the interior of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <em class="arg">width</em> and <em class="arg">height</em> given in the of the <em class="arg">size</em> portion of the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument give the number of columns and rows to remove. The <em class="arg">offset</em> portion of the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument is influenced by a <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting, if present.</p>
+<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <em class="arg">width</em>
+and <em class="arg">height</em> given in the of the <em class="arg">size</em>
+portion of the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument give the number of
+columns and rows to remove. The <em class="arg">offset</em> portion of
+the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument is influenced by
+a <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting, if present.</p>
+
+<p>The <a href="#chop">-chop</a> option removes entire rows and columns,
+and moves the remaining corner blocks leftward and upward to close the gaps.</p>
+
+<p>While it can remove internal rows and columns of pixels, it is more
+typically used with as <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting and zero
+offsets so as to remove a single edge from an image. Compare this to <a
+href="#shave" >-shave</a> which removes equal numbers of pixels from oppisite
+sides of the image. </p>
+
+<p>Using <a href="#chop">-chop</a> will effectivally undo the results of a <a
+href="#splice">-splice</a> that was given the same <em
+class="arg">geometry</em> and <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> settings. </p>
-<p>The <a href="#chop">-chop</a> option removes entire rows and columns, and moves the remaining corner blocks leftward and upward to close the gaps.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="clip" id="clip"></a>-clip</h4>
+ <h4><a id="clip"></a>-clip</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply the clipping path if one is present.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>The <a href="#clip">-clip</a> feature requires the XML library. If the XML library is not present, the option is ignored.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="clip-mask" id="clip-mask"></a>-clip-mask</h4>
+ <h4><a id="clip-mask"></a>-clip-mask</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Clip the image as defined by this mask.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+<p>Use the given image as a 'do-not-modify' mask of the current images in the
+current image sequence. Assuming the clipmask is a greyscale image the same
+size at the one already in memory, any areas that is white will not be
+modified by any of the 'image processing operators' that follow, until the
+mask is removed. Pixels in the black areas of the clip mask will be modified
+as normal. </p>
+
+<p>In some ways this is similar to (though not the same) as defining
+a rectangular <a href="#region" >-region</a>, or using the negative of the
+mask (thrid) image in a three image <a href="#composite" >-composite</a>,
+operation. </p>
+
+
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="clip-path" id="clip-path"></a>-clip-path <em class="arg">id</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="clip-path"></a>-clip-path <em class="arg">id</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Clip along a named path from the 8BImageMagick profile.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+<p>This is almost identical to <a href="#clip">-clip</a>. </p>
+
+
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="clone" id="clone"></a>-clone <em class="arg">index(s)</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="clone"></a>-clone <em class="arg">index(s)</em></h4>
</div>
-<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Make a copy of an image (or images).</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>make a clone of an image (or images).</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+
+<p>Inside parenthesis (where the operator is normally used) it will make a
+clone of the images from the last 'pushed' image sequence, and adds them to
+the end of the current image sequence. Outside parenthesis
+(not recommended) it clones the images from the current image sequence. </p>
<p>Specify the image by its index in the sequence. The first image is index
-0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the sequence; for example, −1
+0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the sequence; for
+example, <kbd>−1</kbd>
represents the last image of the sequence. Specify a range of images with a
-dash (e.g. 0−4). Separate multiple indexes with commas but no spaces (e.g. 0,2,5). Use <a
-href="#clone">+clone</a> make a copy of the last image in the image
-sequence.</p>
+dash (e.g. <kbd>0−4</kbd>). Separate multiple indexes with commas but no
+spaces (e.g. <kbd>0,2,5</kbd>). A value of '<kbd>0−−1</kbd> will
+effectively clone all the images. </p>
+
+<p>The <a href="#clone">+clone</a> will simply make a copy of the last image
+in the image sequence, and is thus equivalent to using a argument of
+'<kbd>−1</kbd>'. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="clut" id="clut"></a>-clut</h4>
+ <h4><a id="clut"></a>-clut</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Replace the channel values in the first image using each
using colors form CLUT containing the desired colors, including transparency.
</p>
-<p>See also <a href="#hald-clut" >-hald-clut</a> which replaces colors according
-the lookup of the full color RGB value from a 2D representation of a 3D color
-cube. </p>
+<p>See also <a href="#hald-clut" >-hald-clut</a> which replaces colors
+according to the lookup of the full color RGB value from a 2D representation
+of a 3D color cube. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="coalesce" id="coalesce"></a>-coalesce</h4>
+ <h4><a id="coalesce"></a>-coalesce</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Fully define the look of each frame of an GIF animation sequence, to form a 'film strip' animation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>Overlay each image in an image sequence according to its <a href="#dispose">-dispose</a> meta-data, to reproduce the look of an animation at each point in the animation sequence. All images should be the same size, and are assigned appropriate GIF disposal settings for the animation to continue working as expected as a GIF animation. Such frames are more easily viewed and processed than the highly optimized GIF overlay images. </p>
+<p>Overlay each image in an image sequence according to
+its <a href="#dispose">-dispose</a> meta-data, to reproduce the look of
+an animation at each point in the animation sequence. All images should be
+the same size, and are assigned appropriate GIF disposal settings for the
+animation to continue working as expected as a GIF animation. Such frames
+are more easily viewed and processed than the highly optimized GIF overlay
+images. </p>
-<p>The animation can be re-optimized after processing using the <a href="#layers">-layers</a> method '<kbd>optimize</kbd>', though there is no guarantee that the restored GIF animation optimization is better than the original. </p>
+<p>The animation can be re-optimized after processing using
+the <a href="#layers">-layers</a> method '<kbd>optimize</kbd>', although
+there is no guarantee that the restored GIF animation optimization is
+better than the original. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="colorize" id="colorize"></a>-colorize <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="colorize"></a>-colorize <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Colorize the image by an amount specified by <em class="arg">value</em> using the color specified by the most recent <a href="#fill" >-fill</a> setting.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>Specify the amount of colorization as a percentage. Separate colorization values can be applied to the red, green, and blue channels of the image with a comma-delimited list of colorization values (e.g., <kbd>-colorize 0,0,50</kbd>).</p>
+<p>Specify the amount of colorization as a percentage. Separate colorization
+values can be applied to the red, green, and blue channels of the image with
+a comma-delimited list of colorization
+values (e.g., <kbd>-colorize 0,0,50</kbd>).</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="colormap" id="colormap"></a>-colormap <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="colormap"></a>-colormap <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Define the colormap type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
<p>The <em class="arg">type</em> can be <kbd>shared</kbd> or <kbd>private</kbd>.</p>
-<p>This option only applies when the default X server visual is <kbd>PseudoColor</kbd> or <kbd>GrayScale</kbd>. Refer to <a href="#visual">-visual</a> for more details. By default, a shared colormap is allocated. The image shares colors with other X clients. Some image colors could be approximated, therefore your image may look very different than intended. If <kbd>private</kbd> is chosen, the image colors appear exactly as they are defined. However, other clients may go <em>technicolor</em> when the image colormap is installed.</p>
+<p>This option only applies when the default X server visual
+is <kbd>PseudoColor</kbd> or <kbd>GrayScale</kbd>. Refer
+to <a href="#visual">-visual</a> for more details. By default,
+a shared colormap is allocated. The image shares colors with
+other X clients. Some image colors could be approximated,
+therefore your image may look very different than intended.
+If <kbd>private</kbd> is chosen, the image colors appear exactly
+as they are defined. However, other clients may go <em>technicolor</em>
+when the image colormap is installed.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="colors" id="colors"></a>-colors <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="colors"></a>-colors <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the preferred number of colors in the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>The actual number of colors in the image may be less than your request, but never more. Note that this a color reduction option. Images with fewer unique colors than specified by <em class="arg">value</em> will have any duplicate or unused colors removed. The ordering of an existing color palette may be altered. When converting an image from color to grayscale, it is more efficient to convert the image to the gray colorspace before reducing the number of colors. Refer to the <a href="../www/quantize.html">color reduction algorithm</a> for more details.</p>
+<p>The actual number of colors in the image may be less than your request,
+but never more. Note that this a color reduction option. Images with fewer
+unique colors than specified by <em class="arg">value</em> will have any
+duplicate or unused colors removed. The ordering of an existing color
+palette may be altered. When converting an image from color to grayscale,
+it is more efficient to convert the image to the gray colorspace before
+reducing the number of colors. Refer to
+the <a href="../www/quantize.html">
+color reduction algorithm</a> for more details.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="color-matrix" id="color-matrix"></a>-color-matrix <em class="arg">matrix</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="color-matrix"></a>-color-matrix <em class="arg">matrix</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply color correction to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>This option permits saturation changes, hue rotation, luminance to alpha, and various other effects. Although variable-sized transformation matrices can be used, typically one uses a 5x5 matrix for an RGBA image and a 6x6 for CMYKA (or RGBA with offsets). The matrix is similar to those used by Adobe Flash except offsets are in column 6 rather than 5 (in support of CMYKA images) and offsets are normalized (divide Flash offset by 255).</p>
+<p>This option permits saturation changes, hue rotation, luminance to alpha,
+and various other effects. Although variable-sized transformation matrices
+can be used, typically one uses a 5x5 matrix for an RGBA image and a 6x6
+for CMYKA (or RGBA with offsets). The matrix is similar to those used by
+Adobe Flash except offsets are in column 6 rather than 5 (in support of
+CMYKA images) and offsets are normalized (divide Flash offset by 255).</p>
<p>As an example, to add contrast to an image with offsets, try this command:</p>
<pre class="text">
-convert kittens.jpg -color-matrix \
- " 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
- 0.0 1.5 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
- 0.0 0.0 1.5 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
- 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 \
- 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 \
- 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, 1.0" kittens.png
+ convert kittens.jpg -color-matrix \
+ " 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
+ 0.0 1.5 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
+ 0.0 0.0 1.5 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
+ 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 \
+ 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 \
+ 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, 1.0" kittens.png
</pre>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="colorspace" id="colorspace"></a>-colorspace <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="colorspace"></a>-colorspace <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the image colorspace.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>Choices are:</p>
<pre class="text">
- CMY
- CMYK
- Gray
- HSB
- HSL
- HWB
- Lab
- Log
- OHTA
- Rec601Luma
- Rec601YCbCr
- Rec709Luma
- Rec709YCbCr
- RGB
- sRGB
- Transparent
- XYZ
- YCbCr
- YCC
- YIQ
- YPbPr
- YUV
+ CMY CMYK Gray HSB
+ HSL HWB Lab Log
+ OHTA Rec601Luma Rec601YCbCr Rec709Luma
+ Rec709YCbCr RGB sRGB Transparent
+ XYZ YCbCr YCC YIQ
+ YPbPr YUV
</pre>
<p>To print a complete list of colorspaces, use <a href="#list">-list colorspace</a>.</p>
<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000*R−0.454153*G−0.045847*B)*(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">sRGB</th></tr>
- <tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Rs ≤ .03928 then Rs=R/12.92 else Rs=((R+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
- <tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Gs ≤ .03928 then Gs=B/12.92 else Gs=((G+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
- <tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Bs ≤ .03928 then Bs=B/12.92 else Bs=((B+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
+ <tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Rs ≤ .04045 then Rs=R/12.92 else Rs=((R+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
+ <tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Gs ≤ .04045 then Gs=B/12.92 else Gs=((G+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
+ <tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Bs ≤ .04045 then Bs=B/12.92 else Bs=((B+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">XYZ</th></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">X=0.4124240*R+0.3575790*G+0.1804640*B</td></tr>
</table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="combine" id="combine"></a>-combine</h4>
+ <h4><a id="combine"></a>-combine</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Combine one or more images into a single image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert original.png -channel RGB -separate sepimage.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert sepimage-0.png sepimage-1.png sepimage-2.png -channel RGB \ <br/> -combine imagecopy.png</span></p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="comment" id="comment"></a>-comment <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="comment"></a>-comment <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Embed a comment in an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
480.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="compose" id="compose"></a>-compose <em class="arg">operator</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="compose"></a>-compose <em class="arg">operator</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the type of image composition.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="composite" id="composite"></a>-composite</h4>
+ <h4><a id="composite"></a>-composite</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Perform alpha composition on two images and an optional mask</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="compress" id="compress"></a>-compress <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="compress"></a>-compress <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Use pixel compression specified by <em class="arg">type</em> when writing the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>Use the <a href="#quality">-quality</a> option to set the compression level to be used by JPEG, PNG, MIFF, and MPEG encoders. Use the <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to set the sampling factor to be used by JPEG, MPEG, and YUV encoders for down-sampling the chroma channels.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="contrast" id="contrast"></a>-contrast</h4>
+ <h4><a id="contrast"></a>-contrast</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Enhance or reduce the image contrast.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -contrast -contrast rose_c2.png</span></p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="contrast-stretch" id="contrast-stretch"></a>-contrast-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em><br />-contrast-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em>{x<em class="arg">white-point</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}}</h4>
+ <h4><a id="contrast-stretch"></a>-contrast-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em><br />-contrast-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em>{x<em class="arg">white-point</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}}</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Increase the contrast in an image by <em>stretching</em> the range of intensity values.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="convolve" id="convolve"></a>-convolve <em class="arg">kernel</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="convolve"></a>-convolve <em class="arg">kernel</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Convolve an image with a user-supplied convolution kernel.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> is not needed, as ImageMagick is able to store/handle any
negative results without clipping to the color value range (0..QuantumRange).
See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a
-href="/www/high-dynamic-range.html">High
+href="../www/high-dynamic-range.html">High
Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a
href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="crop" id="crop"></a>-crop <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="crop"></a>-crop <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Cut out one or more rectangular regions of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>It might be necessary to <a href="#repage" >+repage</a> the image prior to cropping the image to ensure the crop coordinate frame is relocated to the upper-left corner of the visible image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="cycle" id="cycle"></a>-cycle <em class="arg">amount</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="cycle"></a>-cycle <em class="arg">amount</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>displace image colormap by amount.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="debug" id="debug"></a>-debug <em class="arg">events</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="debug"></a>-debug <em class="arg">events</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>enable debug printout.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="decipher" id="decipher"></a>-decipher <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="decipher"></a>-decipher <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Decipher and restore pixels that were previously transformed by <a href="#encipher">-encipher</a>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="deconstruct" id="deconstruct"></a>-deconstruct</h4>
+ <h4><a id="deconstruct"></a>-deconstruct</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>find areas that has changed between images </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="define" id="define"></a>-define <em class="arg">key</em>{<em class="arg">=value</em>}<em class="arg">...</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="define"></a>-define <em class="arg">key</em>{<em class="arg">=value</em>}<em class="arg">...</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>add specific global settings generally used to control
>value</em>"</a> option, which also allows the use of <a href="../www/escape.html" >Format and Print Image
Properties</a> in the defined value. </p>
+<p>The <em>option</em> and <em>key</em> are case-independent (they are
+converted to lowercase for use within the decoders) while the <em>value</em>
+is case-dependent.</p>
+
<p>Such settings are global in scope, and effect all images and operations. </p>
<p>The following definitions are just some of the artifacts that are
available:</p>
-<ul>
-
+<dl>
<dt>dcm:display-range=reset</dt>
<dd>Set the display range to the minimum and maximum pixel values for the
- DCM image format.</dd><br />
+ DCM image format.</dd>
<dt>dot:layout-engine=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
<dd>Set the specify the layout engine for the DOT image format (e.g.
- <kbd>neato</kbd>).</dd><br />
+ <kbd>neato</kbd>).</dd>
<dt>jpeg:extent=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
<dd>Restrict the maximum JPEG file size, for example <kbd>-define
- jpeg:extent=400kb</kbd>.</dd><br />
+ jpeg:extent=400kb</kbd>.</dd>
<dt>jpeg:size=<em class="arg">geometry</em></dt>
<dd>Set the size hint of a JPEG image, for example, -define jpeg:size=128x128.
It is most useful for increasing performance and reducing the memory
- requirements when reducing the size of a large JPEG image.</dd><br />
+ requirements when reducing the size of a large JPEG image.</dd>
<dt>jp2:rate=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
<dd>Specify the compression factor to use while writing JPEG-2000 files. The
compression factor is the reciprocal of the compression ratio. The valid
range is 0.0 to 1.0, with 1.0 indicating lossless compression. If defined,
this value overrides the -quality setting. A quality setting of 75
- results in a rate value of 0.06641.</dd><br />
+ results in a rate value of 0.06641.</dd>
<dt>mng:need-cacheoff</dt>
- <dd>turn playback caching off for streaming MNG.</dd><br />
+ <dd>turn playback caching off for streaming MNG.</dd>
<dt>png:bit-depth=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
<dt>png:color-type=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
<a href="#colors">-colors</a>, or <a href="#type">-type</a> directives to
reduce the image quality prior to using the PNG encoder. Note that in
indexed PNG files, "bit-depth" refers to the number of bits per index,
- which can range from 1 to 8. In such files, the color samples always have
- 8-bit depth.</dd><br />
+ which can be 1, 2, 4, or 8. In such files, the color samples always have
+ 8-bit depth.</dd>
+
+<dt>png:compression-filter=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
+ <dd> valid values are 0 through 7. 0-4 are the corresponding PNG filters,
+ 5 means adaptive filtering except for images with a colormap, 6 means
+ adaptive filtering for all images, 7 means MNG "loco" compression.</dd>
+
+<dt>png:compression-level=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
+ <dd> valid values are 0 through 9, with 0 providing the least but fastest
+ compression and 9 usually providing the best and always the slowest.</dd>
+
+<dt>png:compression-strategy=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
+ <dd> valid values are 0 through 4, meaning default, filtered, huffman_only,
+ rle, and fixed ZLIB compression strategy. If you are using an old zlib
+ that does not support Z_RLE (before 1.2.0) or Z_FIXED (before 1.2.2.2),
+ values 3 and 4, respectively, will use the zlib default strategy
+ instead.</dd>
+
+<dt>png:exclude-chunk=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
+<dt>png:include-chunk=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
+<dd>ancillary chunks to be excluded from or included in PNG output.
+
+ <p>The<em class="arg">value</em> can be the name of a PNG chunk-type such
+ as <em class="arg">bKGD</em>, a comma-separated list of chunk-types,
+ or the word <em class="arg">all</em> or
+ the word <em class="arg">none</em>. There must be no spaces in the
+ list. Although PNG chunk-names are case-dependent, you can use
+ all lowercase names if you prefer.</p>
+
+ <p>The "include-chunk" and "exclude-chunk" lists only affect the behavior
+ of the PNG encoder and have no effect on the PNG decoder.</p>
+
+ <p>As a special case, if the <kbd>sRGB</kbd> chunk is excluded and
+ the <kbd>gAMA</kbd> chunk is included, the <kbd>gAMA</kbd> chunk will
+ only be written if gamma is not 1/2.2, since most decoders assume
+ sRGB and gamma=1/2.2 when no colorspace information is included in
+ the PNG file. Because the list is processed from left to right, you
+ can achieve this with a single define:</p>
+
+<pre class="text">
+ -define png:include-chunk=none,gAMA
+</pre>
+
+ <p>The critical PNG chunks <kbd>IHDR</kbd>, <kbd>PLTE</kbd>,
+ <kbd>IDAT</kbd>, and <kbd>IEND</kbd> cannot be excluded. Any such
+ entries appearing in the list will be ignored.</p>
+
+ <p>If the ancillary PNG <kbd>tRNS</kbd> chunk is excluded and the
+ image has transparency, the PNG colortype is forced to be 4 or 6
+ (GRAY_ALPHA or RGBA). If the image is not transparent, then the
+ <kbd>tRNS</kbd> chunk isn't written anyhow, and there is no effect
+ on the PNG colortype of the output image.</p>
+
+ <p>The <a href="#strip">-strip</a> option does the equivalent of the
+ following for PNG output:</p>
+
+<pre class="text">
+ -define png:include-chunk=none,gama
+</pre>
+
+ <p>The default behavior is to include all known PNG ancillary chunks
+ plus ImageMagick's private <kbd>vpAg</kbd> ("virtual page") chunk,
+ and to exclude all PNG chunks that are unknown to ImageMagick,
+ regardless of their PNG "copy-safe" status as described in the
+ PNG specification.</p>
+
+ <p>Any chunk names that are not known to ImageMagick are ignored
+ if they appear in either the "include-chunk" or "exclude-chunk" list.
+ The ancillary chunks currently known to ImageMagick are
+ <kbd>bKGD</kbd>, <kbd>cHRM</kbd>, <kbd>gAMA</kbd>, <kbd>iCCP</kbd>,
+ <kbd>oFFs</kbd>, <kbd>pHYs</kbd>, <kbd>sRGB</kbd>, <kbd>tEXt</kbd>,
+ <kbd>tRNS</kbd>, <kbd>vpAg</kbd>, and <kbd>zTXt</kbd>.</p>
+
+ <p>You can also put <kbd>date</kbd> in the list to include or exclude
+ the "Date:create" and "Date:modify" text chunks that ImageMagick normally
+ inserts in the output PNG.</p>
+
+</dd>
+
+<dt>png:preserve-colormap</dt>
+ <dd>Use the existing image->colormap. Normally the PNG encoder will
+ try to optimize the palette, eliminating unused entries and putting
+ the transparent colors first. If this flag is set, that behavior
+ is suppressed.</dd>
<dt>ps:imagemask</dt>
<dd>If the ps:imagemask flag is defined, the PS3 and EPS3 coders will create
Postscript files that render bilevel images with the Postscript imagemask
- operator instead of the image operator.</dd><br />
+ operator instead of the image operator.</dd>
<dt>quantum:format=<em class="arg">type</em></dt>
<dd>Set the type to <kbd>floating-point</kbd> to specify a floating-point
If <a href="#depth">-depth</a> 32 is included, the result is
double precision floating point format.</dd>
-</ul>
+</dl>
<p>For example, to create a postscript file that will render only the black
pixels of a bilevel image, use:</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="delay" id="delay"></a>-delay <em class="arg">ticks</em> <br />-delay <em class="arg">ticks</em>x<em class="arg">ticks-per-second</em> {<em class="arg"><</em>} {<em class="arg">></em>}</h4>
+ <h4><a id="delay"></a>-delay <em class="arg">ticks</em> <br />-delay <em class="arg">ticks</em>x<em class="arg">ticks-per-second</em> {<em class="arg"><</em>} {<em class="arg">></em>}</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>display the next image after pausing.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="delete" id="delete"></a>-delete <em class="arg">index</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="delete"></a>-delete <em class="arg">indexes</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>delete the image, specified by its index, from the image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="density" id="density"></a>-density <em class="arg">width</em><br />-density <em class="arg">width</em>x<em class="arg">height</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="density"></a>-density <em class="arg">width</em><br />-density <em class="arg">width</em>x<em class="arg">height</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the horizontal and vertical resolution of an image for rendering to devices.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>The <a href="#density">-density</a> option sets an <em>attribute</em> and does not alter the underlying raster image. It may be used to adjust the rendered size for desktop publishing purposes by adjusting the scale applied to the pixels. To resize the image so that it is the same size at a different resolution, use the <a href="#resample">-resample</a> option.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="depth" id="depth"></a>-depth <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="depth"></a>-depth <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>depth of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>This the number of bits in a color sample within a pixel. Use this option to specify the depth of raw images whose depth is unknown such as GRAY, RGB, or CMYK, or to change the depth of any image after it has been read.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="descend" id="descend"></a>-descend</h4>
+ <h4><a id="descend"></a>-descend</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>obtain image by descending window hierarchy.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="deskew" id="deskew"></a>-deskew <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="deskew"></a>-deskew <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>straighten an image. A threshold of 40% works for most images.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>Use <a href="#set">-set</a> <kbd>option:deskew:auto-crop <em>width</em></kbd> to auto crop the image. The set argument is the pixel width of the image background (e.g 40).</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="despeckle" id="despeckle"></a>-despeckle</h4>
+ <h4><a id="despeckle"></a>-despeckle</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>reduce the speckles within an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="direction" id="direction"></a>-direction <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="direction"></a>-direction <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>render text right-to-left or left-to-right.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="displace" id="displace"></a>-displace <em class="arg">horizontal-scale</em><br />-displace <em class="arg">horizontal-scale</em>x<em class="arg">vertical-scale</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="displace"></a>-displace <em class="arg">horizontal-scale</em><br />-displace <em class="arg">horizontal-scale</em>x<em class="arg">vertical-scale</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>shift image pixels as defined by a displacement map.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
any other nearby pixel, producing complex 2 dimensional displacements, rather
than a simple 1 dimensional vector displacements. </p>
-<p>Alteratively rather than suppling two separate images, as of IM v6.4.4-0,
+<p>Alteratively rather than supplying two separate images, as of IM v6.4.4-0,
you can use the 'red' channel of the overlay image to specify the horizontal
or X displacement, and the 'green' channel for the vertical or Y displacement.
</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="display" id="display"></a>-display <em class="arg">host:display[.screen]</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="display"></a>-display <em class="arg">host:display[.screen]</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specifies the X server to contact.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
<p>This option is used with convert for obtaining image or font from this X server. See <em class="arg">X(1)</em>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="dispose" id="dispose"></a>-dispose <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="dispose"></a>-dispose <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>define the GIF disposal image setting for images that are being created or read in. </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>Here are the valid methods:</p>
<pre class="text">
-Undefined 0 No disposal specified (equivalent to '<kbd>none</kbd>').
-None 1 Do not dispose, just overlay next frame image.
-Background 2 Clear the frame area with the background color.
-Previous 3 Clear to the image prior to this frames overlay.
+ Undefined 0 No disposal specified (equivalent to '<kbd>none</kbd>').
+ None 1 Do not dispose, just overlay next frame image.
+ Background 2 Clear the frame area with the background color.
+ Previous 3 Clear to the image prior to this frames overlay.
</pre>
<p>You can also use the numbers given above, which is what the GIF format
disposal method for images already in memory.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="dissimilarity-threshold" id="dissimilarity-threshold"></a>-dissimilarity-threshold <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="dissimilarity-threshold"></a>-dissimilarity-threshold <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>maximum RMSE for subimage match (default 0.2).</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/compare.html">compare</a>]</td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="dissolve" id="dissolve"></a>-dissolve <em class="arg">src_percent</em>[x<em class="arg">dst_percent</em>]</h4>
+ <h4><a id="dissolve"></a>-dissolve <em class="arg">src_percent</em>[x<em class="arg">dst_percent</em>]</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>dissolve an image into another by the given percent.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
images, you would need to use dissolve values of '50,100'. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="distort" id="distort"></a>-distort <em class="arg">method arguments</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="distort"></a>-distort <em class="arg">method arguments</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>distort an image, using the given <em class="arg">method</em> and its required <em class="arg">arguments</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<tr><td># </td><td>arguments meaning</td></tr>
<tr><td>1:</td><td><em>Angle_of_Rotation</em></td></tr>
<tr><td>2:</td><td><em>Scale Angle</em></td></tr>
- <tr><td>3:</td><td><em>ScaleX,ScaleY Angle</em></td></tr>
+ <tr><td>3:</td><td><em>X,Y Angle</em></td></tr>
<tr><td>4:</td><td><em>X,Y Scale Angle</em></td></tr>
<tr><td>5:</td>
<td><em>X,Y ScaleX,ScaleY Angle</em></td></tr>
<td valign="top"><kbd>Barrel</kbd></td>
<td valign="top">
Given the four coefficients (A,B,C,D) as defined by <a
- href="http://www.all-in-one.ee/~dersch/barrel/barrel.html" >Helmut
+ href="http://wiki.panotools.org/Lens_correction_model" >Helmut
Dersch</a>, perform a barrell or pin-cushion distortion appropriate to
correct radial lens distortions. That is in photographs, make straight
lines straight again. <br/>
pins' stuck in a block of 'jelly' which is then moved to the new
position, distorting te surface of the jelly. <br/>
- Internally it is equiv
elent to generating a displacement map (see <a
+ Internally it is equiv
alent to generating a displacement map (see <a
href="#displace" >-displace</a>) for source image color look-up using
the <a href="#sparse-color" >-sparse-color</a> method of the same name.
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="dither" id="dither"></a>-dither <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="dither"></a>-dither <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a Riemersma or Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion dither to images when general color reduction is applied via an option, or automagically when saving to specific formats. This enabled by default. </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="draw" id="draw"></a>-draw <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="draw"></a>-draw <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Annotate an image with one or more graphic primitives.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>The transformation primitives:</p>
<pre class="text">
- rotate degrees
- translate dx,dy
- scale sx,sy
- skewX degrees
- skewY degrees
+ rotate degrees
+ translate dx,dy
+ scale sx,sy
+ skewX degrees
+ skewY degrees
</pre>
<p>The pixel operation primitives:</p>
<pre class="text">
- color x0,y0 method
- matte x0,y0 method
+ color x0,y0 method
+ matte x0,y0 method
</pre>
<p>The shape primitives are drawn in the color specified by the preceding <a href="#fill">-fill</a> setting. For unfilled shapes, use <a href="#fill">-fill none</a>. You can optionally control the stroke (the "outline" of a shape) with the <a href="#stroke">-stroke</a> and <a href="#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a> settings.</p>
<p>You can use 0,0 for the image size, which means to use the actual
dimensions found in the image header. Otherwise, it is scaled to the given
dimensions. See <a href="../www/compose.html">Alpha Compositing</a> for
-a detailed discussion of alpha composition methods that are available. </p>
-
+a detailed discussion of alpha composition methods that are available.
+The "special augmented compose operators" such as "dissolve" that require
+arguments cannot be used at present with the <kbd>-draw image</kbd> option.
+ </p>
<p>Use <kbd>text</kbd> to annotate an image with text. Follow the text coordinates with a string. If the string has embedded spaces, enclose it in single or double quotes.</p>
<p>For example, the following annotates the image with <kbd>Works like magick!</kbd> for an image titled <kbd>bird.miff</kbd>. </p>
<p class="crtsnip">
- -draw 'text 100,100 "Works like magick!"'
+ -draw "text 100,100 'Works like magick!' "
</p>
<p>See the <a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> option for another convenient way to annotate an image with text.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="edge" id="edge"></a>-edge <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="duplicate"></a>-duplicate <em class="arg">count,indexes</em></h4>
+</div>
+
+<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>duplicate an image one or more times.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+
+<p>Specify the count and the image to duplicate by its index in the sequence. The first image is index 0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the sequence, for example, -1 represents the last image of the sequence. Specify a range of images with a dash (e.g. 0-4). Separate indexes with a comma (e.g. 0,2). Use <kbd>+duplicate</kbd> to duplicate the last image in the current image sequence.</p>
+
+<div style="margin: auto;">
+ <h4><a id="edge"></a>-edge <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>detect edges within an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="emboss" id="emboss"></a>-emboss <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="emboss"></a>-emboss <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>emboss an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="encipher" id="encipher"></a>-encipher <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="encipher"></a>-encipher <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Encipher pixels for later deciphering by <a href="#decipher">-decipher</a>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="encoding" id="encoding"></a>-encoding <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="encoding"></a>-encoding <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify the text encoding.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>Choose from <kbd>AdobeCustom</kbd>, <kbd>AdobeExpert</kbd>, <kbd>AdobeStandard</kbd>, <kbd>AppleRoman</kbd>, <kbd>BIG5</kbd>, <kbd>GB2312</kbd>, <kbd>Latin 2</kbd>, <kbd>None</kbd>, <kbd>SJIScode</kbd>, <kbd>Symbol</kbd>, <kbd>Unicode</kbd>, <kbd>Wansung</kbd>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="endian" id="endian"></a>-endian <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="endian"></a>-endian <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify endianness (<kbd>MSB</kbd> or <kbd>LSB</kbd>) of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="enhance" id="enhance"></a>-enhance</h4>
+ <h4><a id="enhance"></a>-enhance</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a digital filter to enhance a noisy image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="equalize" id="equalize"></a>-equalize</h4>
+ <h4><a id="equalize"></a>-equalize</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>perform histogram equalization on the image channel-by-channel.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>For YIQ, YUV and OHTA use the red channel. For example, OHTA is a principal components transformation that puts most of the information in the first channel. Here we have ... <kbd>-colorspace OHTA -channel red -equalize -colorspace RGB</kbd> ...</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="evaluate" id="evaluate"></a>-evaluate <em class="arg">operator value</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="evaluate"></a>-evaluate <em class="arg">operator value</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<tr><td>Log </td> <td>Apply scaled logarithm to normalized pixels.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Max </td> <td>Clip pixels at lower bound <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Mean </td> <td>Add the <em class="arg">value</em> and divide by 2.</td></tr>
+ <tr><td>Median </td> <td>Choose the median value from an image sequence.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Min </td> <td>Clip pixels at upper bound <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Multiply </td> <td>Multiply pixels by <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Or </td> <td>Binary OR of pixels with <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
class="arg">value</em> is 1, the effective period is simply the <em
class="QR">QuantumRange</em>; but if the <em class="arg">value</em> is 2,
then the effective period is the <em>half</em> the <em
-class="QR">QuantumRange</em>.
+class="QR">QuantumRange</em>.</p>
<div style="text-align:center;">
0.5 + 0.5 × cos(2 π <b><em>u</em></b> × <em class="arg">value</em>).
</div>
-See also the <a href="#function" >-function</a> operator, which is a
-multi-value version of evaluate. </P>
+
<p>See also the <a href="#function" >-function</a> operator, which is a
+multi-value version of evaluate. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="evaluate-sequence" id="evaluate-sequence"></a>-evaluate-sequence <em class="arg">operator</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="evaluate-sequence"></a>-evaluate-sequence <em class="arg">operator</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression over a sequence of images.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="extent" id="extent"></a>-extent <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="extent"></a>-extent <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the image size and offset.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>If the image is enlarged, unfilled areas are set to the background color. To position the image, use offsets in the <em class="arg">geometry</em> specification or precede with a <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. To specify how to compose the image with the background, use <a href="#compose" >-compose</a>.</p>
+<p>This command reduces or expands a JPEG image to fit on an 800x600
+display. If the aspect ratio of the input image isn't exactly 4:3, then the
+image is centered on an 800x600 black canvas: </p>
+
+<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert input.jpg -resize 800x600 -background black -compose Copy \ <br /> -gravity center -extent 800x600 -quality 92 output.jpg</span></p>
+
<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="extract" id="extract"></a>-extract <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="extract"></a>-extract <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Extract the specified area from image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="family" id="family"></a>-family <em class="arg">fontFamily</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="family"></a>-family <em class="arg">fontFamily</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a font family for text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="features" id="features"></a>-features <em class="arg">distance</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="features"></a>-features <em class="arg">distance</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>display features for each channel in the image in each of four directions (horizontal, vertical, left and right diagonals) for the specified distance.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="fft" id="fft"></a>-fft</h4>
+ <h4><a id="fft"></a>-fft</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>implements the forward discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms an image from the normal (spatial) domain to the frequency domain. In the frequency domain, an image is represented as a superposition of complex sinusoidal waves of varying amplitudes. The image x and y coordinates are the possible frequencies along the x and y directions, respectively, and the pixel intensity values are complex numbers that correspond to the sinusoidal wave amplitudes. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform" target="_blank">Fourier Transform</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT" target="_blank">Discrete Fourier Transform</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT" target="_blank">Fast Fourier Transform</a>.</p>
+<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms an image from the normal (spatial) domain to the frequency domain. In the frequency domain, an image is represented as a superposition of complex sinusoidal waves of varying amplitudes. The image x and y coordinates are the possible frequencies along the x and y directions, respectively, and the pixel intensity values are complex numbers that correspond to the sinusoidal wave amplitudes. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform">Fourier Transform</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT">Discrete Fourier Transform</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT">Fast Fourier Transform</a>.</p>
-<p>A single image name is provided as output for this option. However, the output result will have two components. It is either a two-frame image or two separate images, depending upon whether the image format specified supports multi-frame images. The reason that we get a dual output result is because the frequency domain represents an image using complex numbers, which cannot be visualized directly. Therefore, the complex values are automagically separated into a two-component image representation. The first component is the magnitude of the complex number and the second is the phase of the complex number. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_numbers" target="_blank">Complex Numbers</a>.<p>
+<p>A single image name is provided as output for this option. However, the output result will have two components. It is either a two-frame image or two separate images, depending upon whether the image format specified supports multi-frame images. The reason that we get a dual output result is because the frequency domain represents an image using complex numbers, which cannot be visualized directly. Therefore, the complex values are automagically separated into a two-component image representation. The first component is the magnitude of the complex number and the second is the phase of the complex number. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_numbers">Complex Numbers</a>.</p>
<p>The magnitude and phase component images must be specified using image formats that do not limit the color or compress the image. Thus, MIFF, TIF, PFM, EXR and PNG are the recommended image formats to use. All of these formats, except PNG support multi-frame images. So for example,</p>
-evaluate log 1000 fft_image_spectrum.png</span></p>
<p>where the <a href="#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a> 0 is used to scale the image to full dynamic range, first. The argument to the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> log typically is specified between 100 and 10,000, depending upon the amount of detail that one wants to bring out in the spectrum. Larger values produce more visible detail. Too much detail, however, may hide the important features.</p>
-<p>The <a href="http://www.fftw.org/" target="_blank">FFTW</a> delegate library is required to use <a href="#fft">-fft</a>.
+<p>The <a href="http://www.fftw.org/">FFTW</a> delegate library is required to use <a href="#fft">-fft</a>.</p>
<p>Use <a href="#fft">+fft</a> to produce two output images that are the real and imaginary components of the complex valued Fourier transform.</p>
<p>However, as the real and imaginary components can contain negative values, this requires that IM be configured with HDRI enabled. In this case, you must use either MIFF, TIF or PFM formats for the real and imaginary component results, since they are formats that preserve both negative and fractional values without clipping them or truncating the fractional part.</p>
-<p>The real and imaginary component images resulting from <a href="#fft">+fft</a> is also square, even dimensioned images due to the same padding that was discussed above for the magnitude and phase component images.</a>
+<p>The real and imaginary component images resulting from <a href="#fft">+fft</a> is also square, even dimensioned images due to the same padding that was discussed above for the magnitude and phase component images.</p>
<p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page
-<a href="/www/high-dynamic-range.html">High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a> entry.
+<a href="
../www/high-dynamic-range.html">High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a> entry.
</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="fill" id="fill"></a>-fill <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="fill"></a>-fill <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>color to use when filling a graphic primitive.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>To print a complete list of color names, use the <a href="#list">-list color</a> option.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="filter" id="filter"></a>-filter <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="filter"></a>-filter <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Use this <em class="arg">type</em> of filter when resizing or
clipped to the filters support size. Their direct use is not recommended
except via expert settings (see below). </p>
-Instead these special filter functions are typically windowed by a windowing
+<p>Instead these special filter functions are typically windowed by a windowing
function that the <a href="#filter" >-filter</a> setting defines. That is
using these functions will define a 'Windowed' filter, appropriate to the
operator involved. Windowed filters include: </p>
the <kbd>Parzen</kbd> Sinc windowing function. If only one of the values
are defined, the other is set so as to generate a 'Keys' type cubic
filter. Values meaning was defined by a research paper by
- Mitchell-Netravali.
+ Mitchell-Netravali.</dd>
<dt>-define filter:filter=<em>filter_function</em></dt>
<dd>Use this function directly as the scaling filter. This will allow
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="flatten" id="flatten"></a>-flatten</h4>
+ <h4><a id="flatten"></a>-flatten</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>This is a simple alias for the <a href="#layers" >-layers</a> method "flatten".</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="flip" id="flip"></a>-flip</h4>
+ <h4><a id="flip"></a>-flip</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>create a <em>mirror image</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>reflect the scanlines in the vertical direction.</p>
+<p>reflect the scanlines in the vertical direction. The image will be mirrored
+upside-down. </p>
+
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="floodfill" id="floodfill"></a>-floodfill {<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em> <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="floodfill"></a>-floodfill {<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em> <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
</div>
-<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>floodfill the image with color at the specified offset. Using <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> to floodfill pixels which only change by a small amount.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>floodfill the image with color at the specified offset.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+
+<p>Flood fill starts from the given 'seed point' which is not gravity effected.
+Any color that matches within <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> color distance of the
+given <em class="arg">color</em> argument, connected to that 'seed point'
+will be replaced with the current <a href="#fill" >-fill</a> color. </p>
+
+<p>Note that if the pixel at the 'seed point' does not itself match the given
+<em class="arg">color</em> (according to <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a>), then no
+action will be taken. </p>
+
+<p>This operator works more like the <a href="#opaque" >-opaque</A> option, than
+a more general flood fill that reads the matching color directly at the 'seed point'. For this form of flood fill, look at <a href="#draw" >-draw</a> and its 'color floodfill' drawing method. </p>
+
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="flop" id="flop"></a>-flop</h4>
+ <h4><a id="flop"></a>-flop</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>create a <em>mirror image</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>reflect the scanlines in the horizontal direction.</p>
+<p>Reflect the scanlines in the horizontal direction, just like the image in
+a vertical mirror. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="font" id="font"></a>-font <em class="arg">name</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="font"></a>-font <em class="arg">name</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the font to use when annotating images with text, or creating labels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="foreground" id="foreground"></a>-foreground <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="foreground"></a>-foreground <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Define the foreground color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>The default foreground color is black.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="format" id="format"></a>-format <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="format"></a>-format <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the image format type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>When used with the <kbd>mogrify</kbd> utility, this option converts any image to the image <a href="/www/formats.html">format</a> you specify. For a list of image format types supported by ImageMagick, use <a href="#list">-list format</a>.</p>
+<p>When used with the <kbd>mogrify</kbd> utility, this option converts any image to the image <a href="
../www/formats.html">format</a> you specify. For a list of image format types supported by ImageMagick, use <a href="#list">-list format</a>.</p>
<p>By default the file is written to its original name. However, if the filename extension matches a supported format, the extension is replaced with the image format type specified with <a href="#format">-format</a>. For example, if you specify <em class="arg">tiff</em> as the format type and the input image filename is <em class="arg">image.gif</em>, the output image filename becomes <em class="arg">image.tiff</em>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="format_identify_" id="format_identify_"></a>-format <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="format_identify_"></a>-format <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>output formatted image characteristics.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/identify.html">identify</a>]</td></tr></table>
<p>See <a href="../www/escape.html">Format and Print Image Properties</a> for an explanation on how to specify the argument to this option.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="frame" id="frame"></a>-frame <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="frame"></a>-frame <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Surround the image with a border or beveled frame.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="frame_import_" id="frame_import_"></a>-frame</h4>
+ <h4><a id="frame_import_"></a>-frame</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>include the X window frame in the imported image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/import.html">import</a>]</td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="function" id="function"></a>-function <em class="arg">function</em> <em class="arg">parameters</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="function"></a>-function <em class="arg">function</em> <em class="arg">parameters</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a function to channel values.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>Here, <em class="arg">parameters</em> is a comma-separated list of numerical values. The number of values varies depending on which <em class="arg">function</em> is selected. Choose the <em class="arg">function</em> from:</p>
<pre class="text">
- Polynomial
- Sinusoid
- Arcsin
- Arctan
+ Polynomial
+ Sinusoid
+ Arcsin
+ Arctan
</pre>
<p>To print a complete list of <a href="#function">-function</a> operators, use <a href="#list">-list function</a>. Descriptions follow.</p>
<p>The <kbd>ArcSin</kbd> function generates the inverse curve of a Sinusoid,
and can be used to generate cylindrical distortion and displacement maps.
The curve can be adjusted relative to both the input values and output range
-of values.
+of values.</p>
-<div style="text-align: center">
+<p style="text-align: center">
-function <kbd>ArcSin</kbd> <em class="arg">width</em>,[<em class="arg">center</em>,[<em class="arg">range</em>,[<em class="arg">bias</em>]]]
-</div>
+</p>
<p>with all values given in terms of noramlize color values (0.0 for black,
1.0 for white). Defaulting to values covering the full range from 0.0 to 1.0
for bout input (<em class="arg">width</em>), and output (<em
class="arg">width</em>) values. '<code>1.0,0.5,1.0,0.5</code>' </p>
-<div style="text-align: center">
+<p style="text-align: center">
<em class="arg">range</em>/π * asin( 2/<em class="arg">width</em> * ( <b><em>u</em></b> - <em class="arg">center</em> ) ) + <em class="arg">bias</em>
-</div>
+</p>
</dd>
<dd>
<p>The <kbd>ArcTan</kbd> function generates a curve that smooth crosses from
limit values at infinities, though a center using the given slope value.
-All these values can be adjusted via the arguments.
+All these values can be adjusted via the arguments.</p>
-<div style="text-align: center">
+<p style="text-align: center">
-function <kbd>ArcTan</kbd> <em class="arg">slope</em>,[<em class="arg">center</em>,[<em class="arg">range</em>,[<em class="arg">bias</em>]]]
-</div>
+</p>
<p>Defaulting to '<code>1.0,0.5,1.0,0.5</code>'.
</p>
-<div style="text-align: center">
+<p style="text-align: center">
<em class="arg">range</em>/π * atan( <em class="arg">slope</em>*π * ( <b><em>u</em></b> - <em class="arg">center</em> ) ) + <em class="arg">bias</em>
-</div>
+</p>
</dd>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="fuzz" id="fuzz"></a>-fuzz <em class="arg">distance</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
+ <h4><a id="fuzz"></a>-fuzz <em class="arg">distance</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Colors within this <em class="arg">distance</em> are considered equal.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="fx" id="fx"></a>-fx <em class="arg">expression</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="fx"></a>-fx <em class="arg">expression</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a mathematical expression to an image or image channels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="gamma" id="gamma"></a>-gamma <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="gamma"></a>-gamma <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>level of gamma correction.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>Note that gamma adjustments are also available via the <a href="#level">-level</a> operator.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="gaussian-blur" id="gaussian-blur"></a>-gaussian-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-gaussian-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="gaussian-blur"></a>-gaussian-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-gaussian-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Blur the image with a Gaussian operator.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
</div>
<p>The <em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value is the important argument, and
-determines the actual amount of bluring that will take place. </p>
+determines the actual amount of blurring that will take place. </p>
<p>The <em class="arg" >Radius</em> is only used to determine the size of the
-array which will hold the calculated gaussian distribution. It should be an
+array which will hold the calculated Gaussian distribution. It should be an
integer. If not given, or set to zero, IM will calculate the largest possible
radius that will provide meaningful results for the Gaussian distribution.
</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="geometry" id="geometry"></a>-geometry <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="geometry"></a>-geometry <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the preferred size and location of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="gravity" id="gravity"></a>-gravity <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="gravity"></a>-gravity <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Sets the current gravity suggestion for various other settings and options.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="green-primary" id="green-primary"></a>-green-primary <em class="arg">x,y</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="green-primary"></a>-green-primary <em class="arg">x,y</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>green chromaticity primary point.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="hald-clut" id="hald-clut"></a>-hald-clut</h4>
+ <h4><a id="hald-clut"></a>-hald-clut</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a Hald color lookup table to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="help" id="help"></a>-help</h4>
+ <h4><a id="help"></a>-help</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>print usage instructions.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="highlight-color" id="highlight-color"></a>-highlight-color <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="highlight-color"></a>-highlight-color <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>when comparing images, emphasize pixel differences with this color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="iconGeometry" id="iconGeometry"></a>-iconGeometry <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="iconGeometry"></a>-iconGeometry <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify the icon geometry.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="iconic" id="iconic"></a>-iconic</h4>
+ <h4><a id="iconic"></a>-iconic</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>iconic animation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="identify" id="identify"></a>-identify</h4>
+ <h4><a id="identify"></a>-identify</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>identify the format and characteristics of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>This information is printed: image scene number; image name; image size; the image class (<em class="arg">DirectClass</em> or <em class="arg">PseudoClass</em>); the total number of unique colors; and the number of seconds to read and transform the image. Refer to <a href="../www/miff.html">MIFF</a> for a description of the image class.</p>
-<p>If <a href="#colors">-colors</a> is also specified, the total unique colors in the image and color reduction error values are printed. Refer to <a href="/www/quantize.html">color reduction algorithm</a> for a description of these values.</p>
+<p>If <a href="#colors">-colors</a> is also specified, the total unique colors in the image and color reduction error values are printed. Refer to <a href="../www/quantize.html">color reduction algorithm</a> for a description of these values.</p>
<p>If <a href="#verbose">-verbose</a> precedes this option, copious
amounts of image properties are displayed including image statistics, profiles,
image histogram, and others.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="ift" id="ift"></a>-ift</h4>
+ <h4><a id="ift"></a>-ift</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>implements the inverse discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms a pair of magnitude and phase images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal or spatial domain. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform" target="_blank">Fourier Transform</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT" target="_blank">Discrete Fourier Transform</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT" target="_blank">Fast Fourier Transform</a>.</p>
+<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms a pair of magnitude and phase images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal or spatial domain. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform">Fourier Transform</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT">Discrete Fourier Transform</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT">Fast Fourier Transform</a>.</p>
<p>For example, depending upon the image format used to store the result of the <a href="#fft">-fft</a>, one would use either</p>
<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert fft_image-0.png fft_image-1.png -ift fft_image_ift.png</span></p>
-<p>The resulting image may need to be cropped due to padding introduced when the original image, prior to the <a href="#fft">-fft</a> or <a href="#fft">+fft</a>, was not square or even dimensioned. Any padding is at the right and/or bottom sides of the image.
+<p>The resulting image may need to be cropped due to padding introduced when the original image, prior to the <a href="#fft">-fft</a> or <a href="#fft">+fft</a>, was not square or even dimensioned. Any padding is at the right and/or bottom sides of the image.</p>
-<p>The <a href="http://www.fftw.org/" target="_blank">FFTW</a> delegate library is required to use <a href="#ift">-ift</a>.
+<p>The <a href="http://www.fftw.org/">FFTW</a> delegate library is required to use <a href="#ift">-ift</a>.</p>
-<p>Use <a href="#ift">+ift</a> (with HDRI enabled) to transform a pair of real and imaginary images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal (spatial) domain.
+<p>Use <a href="#ift">+ift</a> (with HDRI enabled) to transform a pair of real and imaginary images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal (spatial) domain.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="immutable" id="immutable"></a>-immutable</h4>
+ <h4><a id="immutable"></a>-immutable</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>make image immutable.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="implode" id="implode"></a>-implode <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="implode"></a>-implode <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>implode image pixels about the center.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="insert" id="insert"></a>-insert <em class="arg">index</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="insert"></a>-insert <em class="arg">index</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>insert the last image into the image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>The <kbd>+insert</kbd> option is equivalent to <kbd>-insert -1</kbd>. In other words, insert the last image, at the end of the current image sequence. Consequently this has no effect on the image sequence order.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="intent" id="intent"></a>-intent <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="intent"></a>-intent <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>use this type of rendering intent when managing the image color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>To print a complete list of rendering intents, use <a href="#list">-list intent</a>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="interlace" id="interlace"></a>-interlace <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="interlace"></a>-interlace <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the type of interlacing scheme.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>Choose from:</p>
<pre class="text">
- none
- line
- plane
- partition
- JPEG
- GIF
- PNG
+ none
+ line
+ plane
+ partition
+ JPEG
+ GIF
+ PNG
</pre>
<p>This option is used to specify the type of interlacing scheme for raw image formats such as <kbd>RGB</kbd> or <kbd>YUV</kbd>.</p>
<p>To print a complete list of interlacing schemes, use <a href="#list">-list interlace</a>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="interpolate" id="interpolate"></a>-interpolate <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="interpolate"></a>-interpolate <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the pixel color interpolation method to use when looking up a color based on a floating point or real value.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
point that falls between two, or even four different colored pixels. </p>
<pre class="text">
- integer: The color of the top-left pixel (floor function)
- nearest-neighbor: The nearest pixel to the lookup point (rounded function)
- average: The average color of the surrounding four pixels
- bilinear A double linear interpolation of pixels (the default)
- mesh Divide area into two flat triangular interpolations
- bicubic Fitted bicubic-spines of surrounding 16 pixels
- spline Direct spline curves (colors are blurred)
-
filter Use resize <a href="#filter">-filter</a> settings
+ integer The color of the top-left pixel (floor function)
+ nearest-neighbor The nearest pixel to the lookup point (rounded function)
+ average The average color of the surrounding four pixels
+ bilinear A double linear interpolation of pixels (the default)
+ mesh Divide area into two flat triangular interpolations
+ bicubic Fitted bicubic-spines of surrounding 16 pixels
+ spline Direct spline curves (colors are blurred)
+
filter Use resize <a href="#filter">-filter</a> settings
</pre>
<p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="#distort"
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="interline-spacing" id="interline-spacing"></a>-interline-spacing <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="interline-spacing"></a>-interline-spacing <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the space between two text lines.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="interword-spacing" id="interword-spacing"></a>-interword-spacing <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="interword-spacing"></a>-interword-spacing <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the space between two words.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="kerning" id="kerning"></a>-kerning <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="kerning"></a>-kerning <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the space between two letters.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="label" id="label"></a>-label <em class="arg">name</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="label"></a>-label <em class="arg">name</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>assign a label to an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="lat" id="lat"></a>-lat <em class="arg">width</em><br />-lat <em class="arg">width</em>x<em class="arg">height</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">offset</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
+ <h4><a id="lat"></a>-lat <em class="arg">width</em><br />-lat <em class="arg">width</em>x<em class="arg">height</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">offset</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>perform local adaptive threshold.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="layers" id="layers"></a>-layers <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="layers"></a>-layers <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>handle multiple images forming a set of image layers or animation frames.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<tr valign="top">
<td valign="top">merge</td>
<td valign="top">As 'flatten' method but merging all the given image
- layers into a new layer image just large enough to hold all the image
- without clipping or extra space. The new images virtual offset will
- prevere the position of the new layer, even if this offset is
- negative. the virtual canvas size of the first image is preserved.
+ layers to create a new layer image just large enough to hold all the
+ image without clipping or extra space. The new images virtual offset
+ will preserve the position of the new layer, even if this offset is
+ negative. The virtual canvas size of the first image is preserved.
</td>
- </tr>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr><td></td><td>Caution is advised when handling image layers with
+ negative offsets as few image file formats handle them correctly.
+ Following this operation methd with <a href="#repage" >+repage</a>
+ will remove the layer offset, and create a image in which all the
+ overlaid image positions relative to each other is preserved, though
+ not nessaraily exactly where you specified them.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
- <tr><td></td><td>Caution is advised when handling image layers with negative offsets
- as few image file formats handle them correctly. </td>
+ <tr><td></td><td>See also 'trim-bounds' below whcih is closely related but
+ without doing the'flatten' to merge the images together. </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td valign="top">mosaic</td>
<td valign="top">As 'flatten' method but expanding the initial canvas size
- of the first image so as to hold all the image layers. However as a
- virtual canvas is 'locked' to the origin, by definition, image layers
- with a negative offsets will still be clipped by the top and left
- edges.</td>
+ of the first image in a positive direction only so as to hold all the
+ image layers. However as a virtual canvas is 'locked' to the origin,
+ by its own definition, image layers with a negative offsets will still
+ become clipped by the top and left edges. See 'merge' or 'trim-bounds'
+ if this could be a problem. </td>
+
</tr>
- <tr><td></td><td>This method is commonly used to layout individual image using various
- offset but without knowing the final canvas size. The resulting image
- will, like 'flatten' not have any virtual offset, so can be saved to
- any image file format. </td>
+ <tr><td></td><td>This method is commonly used to layout individual image
+ using various offset but without knowing the final canvas size. The
+ resulting image will, like 'flatten' not have any virtual offset, so
+ can be saved to any image file format. </td>
</tr>
the result will continue to animate properly. </td>
</tr>
- <tr><td></td><td> There is no guarantee that the best optimization is found. But
- then no reasonably fast GIF optimization algorithm can do this.
+ <tr><td></td><td> There is no guarantee that the best optimization is found.
+ But then no reasonably fast GIF optimization algorithm can do this.
However this does seem to do better than most other GIF frame
optimizers seen. </td>
</tr>
'<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>' technique. </td>
</tr>
- <tr><td></td><td>There is the possibility that the change in the disposal style will
- result in a worsening in the optimization of later frames, though this
- is unlikely. In other words there no guarantee that it is better than
- the normal '<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>' technique. For some animations
- however you can get a vast improvement in the final animation size. </td>
+ <tr><td></td><td>There is the possibility that the change in the disposal
+ style will result in a worsening in the optimization of later frames,
+ though this is unlikely. In other words there no guarantee that it is
+ better than the normal '<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>' technique. For some
+ animations however you can get a vast improvement in the final
+ animation size. </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
</td>
</tr>
- <tr><td></td><td>This should allow a existing frame optimized GIF animation to compress
- into a smaller file size due to larger areas of one (transparent)
- color rather than a pattern of multiple colors repeating the current
- disposed image of the last frame. </td>
+ <tr><td></td><td>This should allow a existing frame optimized GIF animation
+ to compress into a smaller file size due to larger areas of one
+ (transparent) color rather than a pattern of multiple colors repeating
+ the current disposed image of the last frame. </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
</td>
</tr>
- <tr><td></td><td>Usually this a result of using a constant time delay across the
- whole animation, or after a larger animation was split into smaller
- sub-animations. The duplicate frames could also have been used as
- part of some frame optimization methods. </td>
+ <tr><td></td><td>Usually this a result of using a constant time delay
+ across the whole animation, or after a larger animation was split into
+ smaller sub-animations. The duplicate frames could also have been
+ used as part of some frame optimization methods. </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
warning is then issued). </td>
</tr>
- <tr><td></td><td>In a GIF animation, such images are usually frames which provide
- partial intermediary updates between the frames that are actually
- displayed to users. These frames are usally added for improved frame
- optimization in GIF animations. </td>
+ <tr><td></td><td>In a GIF animation, such images are usually frames which
+ provide partial intermediary updates between the frames that are
+ actually displayed to users. These frames are usally added for
+ improved frame optimization in GIF animations. </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td valign="top">trim-bounds</td>
<td valign="top">Find the bounds of all the images in the current
image sequence, then adjust the offsets so all images are contained on
- a minimal positive canvas. None of the image data is modified, only
- there virtual canvas size and offset. The all the image is given
- the same canvas size, and and will have a positive offset, but will
- remain in the same position relative to each other. As a result of the
- minimal canvas size at least one image will touch every edge of that
- canvas. The image data however may be transparent.
- </td>
+ a minimal positive canvas. None of the image data is modified or
+ merged, only the individual image virtual canvas size and offset.
+ All the images is given the same canvas size, and and will have
+ a positive offset, but will remain in the same position relative to
+ each other. As a result of the minimal canvas size at least one image
+ will touch every edge of that canvas. The image data touching those
+ edges however may be transparent. </td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr><td></td><td>The result is much like if you used 'merge' followed by a
+ <a href="#repage" >+repage</a> option, except that all the images
+ have been kept separate. If 'flatten' is used after using
+ 'trim-bounds' you will get the same result. </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<p>The operators <a href="#coalesce" >-coalesce</a>, <a href="#deconstruct"
>-deconstruct</a>, <a href="#flatten" >-flatten</a>, and <a href="#mosaic"
->-mosaic</a> are only aliases for the above methods. Also see <a
-href="#page" >-page</a>, <a href="#repage" >-repage</a> operators, the <a
-href="#compose" >-compose</a> setting, and the GIF <a href="#dispose"
->-dispose</a> and <a href="#delay" >-delay</a> settings. </p>
+>-mosaic</a> are only aliases for the above methods and may be depreciated in
+the future. Also see <a href="#page" >-page</a>, <a href="#repage"
+>-repage</a> operators, the <a href="#compose" >-compose</a> setting, and the
+GIF <a href="#dispose" >-dispose</a> and <a href="#delay" >-delay</a>
+settings. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="level" id="level"></a>-level <em class="arg">black_point</em>{,<em class="arg">white_point</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}{,<em class="arg">gamma</em>}</h4>
+ <h4><a id="level"></a>-level <em class="arg">black_point</em>{,<em class="arg">white_point</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}{,<em class="arg">gamma</em>}</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>adjust the level of image channels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="level-colors" id="level-colors"></a>-level-colors {<em
+ <h4><a id="level-colors"></a>-level-colors {<em
class="arg">black_color</em>}{,}{<em class="arg">white_color</em>}</h4>
</div>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="limit" id="limit"></a>-limit <em class="arg">type value</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="limit"></a>-limit <em class="arg">type value</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the pixel cache resource limit.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>Use <a href="#list">-list resource</a> to list the current limits. For example, our system shows these limits:</p>
-<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>identify -list resource</span><span class='crtout'><pre>File Area Memory Map Disk Thread Time
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- 768 12.404GB 8.6642GiB 23.104GiB 18.446744EB 8 unlimited</pre>
-</span></p>
+<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>identify -list resource</span><span class='crtout'></span></p><pre class="text">
+ File Area Memory Map Disk Thread Time
+ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ 768 12.404GB 8.6642GiB 23.104GiB 18.446744EB 8 unlimited
+</pre>
+
<p>Requests for pixel storage to keep intermediate images are satisfied by one of three resource categories: in-memory pool, memory-mapped files pool, and disk pool (in that order) depending on the <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#limit">‑limit</a> settings and whether the system honors a resource request. If the total size of allocated pixel storage in the given pool reaches the corresponding limit, the request is passed to the next pool. Additionally, requests that exceed the <kbd>area</kbd> limit automagically are allocated on disk.</p>
<p>To illustrate how ImageMagick utilizes resource limits, consider a typical image resource request. First, ImageMagick tries to allocate the pixels in memory. The request might be denied if the resource request exceeds the <kbd>memory</kbd> limit or if the system does not honor the request. If a memory request is not honored, the pixels are allocated to disk and the file is memory-mapped. However, if the allocation request exceeds the <kbd>map</kbd> limit, the resource allocation goes to disk. In all cases, if the resource request exceeds the <kbd>area</kbd> limit, the pixels are automagically cached to disk. If the disk has a hard limit, the program fails.</p>
</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="linear-stretch" id="linear-stretch"></a>-linear-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em><br />-linear-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em>{x<em class="arg">white-point</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}}</h4>
+ <h4><a id="linear-stretch"></a>-linear-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em><br />-linear-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em>{x<em class="arg">white-point</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}}</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Linear with saturation stretch.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="linewidth" id="linewidth"></a>-linewidth</h4>
+ <h4><a id="linewidth"></a>-linewidth</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the line width for subsequent draw operations.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="liquid-rescale" id="liquid-rescale"></a>-liquid-rescale <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="liquid-rescale"></a>-liquid-rescale <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>rescale image with seam-carving.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="list" id="list"></a>-list <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="list"></a>-list <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Print a list of supported arguments for various options or settings. Choose from these list types:</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<pre class="text">
- Align
- Alpha
- Boolean
- Channel
- Class
- ClipPath
- Coder
- Color
- Colorspace
- Command
- Compose
- Compress
- Configure
- DataType
- Debug
- Decoration
- Delegate
- Direction
- Dispose
- Distort
- Dither
- Endian
- Evaluate
- FillRule
- Filter
- Font
- Format
- Function
- Gravity
- ImageList
- Intent
- Interlace
- Interpolate
- Kernel
- Layers
- LineCap
- LineJoin
- List
- Locale
- LogEvent
- Log
- Magic
- Method
- Metric
- Mime
- Mode
- Morphology
- Module
- Noise
- Orientation
- Policy
- PolicyDomain
- PolicyRights
- Preview
- Primitive
- QuantumFormat
- Resource
- SparseColor
- Storage
- Stretch
- Style
- Threshold
- Type
- Units
- Validate
- VirtualPixel
+ Align Alpha Boolean Channel
+ Class ClipPath Coder Color
+ Colorspace Command Compose Compress
+ Configure DataType Debug Decoration
+ Delegate Direction Dispose Distort
+ Dither Endian Evaluate FillRule
+ Filter Font Format Function
+ Gravity ImageList Intent Interlace
+ Interpolate Kernel Layers LineCap
+ LineJoin List Locale LogEvent
+ Log Magic Method Metric
+ Mime Mode Morphology Module
+ Noise Orientation Policy PolicyDomain
+ PolicyRights Preview Primitive QuantumFormat
+ Resource SparseColor Storage Stretch
+ Style Threshold Type Units
+ Validate VirtualPixel
</pre>
<p>These lists vary depending on your version of ImageMagick. Use "<kbd>-list
<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>identify -list list</span></p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="log" id="log"></a>-log <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="log"></a>-log <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify format for debug log.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
characters:</p>
<pre class="text">
- %d domain
- %e event
- %f function
- %l line
- %m module
- %p process ID
- %r real CPU time
- %t wall clock time
- %u user CPU time
- %% percent sign
- \n newline
- \r carriage return
+ %d domain
+ %e event
+ %f function
+ %l line
+ %m module
+ %p process ID
+ %r real CPU time
+ %t wall clock time
+ %u user CPU time
+ %% percent sign
+ \n newline
+ \r carriage return
</pre>
<p>For example:</p>
<p>The default behavior is to print all of the components.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="loop" id="loop"></a>-loop <em class="arg">iterations</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="loop"></a>-loop <em class="arg">iterations</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>add Netscape loop extension to your GIF animation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
times.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="lowlight-color" id="lowlight-color"></a>-lowlight-color <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="lowlight-color"></a>-lowlight-color <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>when comparing images, de-emphasize pixel differences with this color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="magnify" id="magnify"></a>-magnify <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="magnify"></a>-magnify <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>magnify the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="map" id="map"></a>-map <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="map"></a>-map <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Display image using this <em class="arg">type</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
<p>Choose from these <em class="arg">Standard Colormap</em> types:</p>
<pre class="text">
- best
- default
- gray
- red
- green
- blue
+ best
+ default
+ gray
+ red
+ green
+ blue
</pre>
<p>The <em class="arg">X server</em> must support the <em class="arg">Standard
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="map_stream_" id="map_stream_"></a>-map <em class="arg">components</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="map_stream_"></a>-map <em class="arg">components</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>pixel map.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/stream.html">stream</a>]</td></tr></table>
<p>Here are the valid components of a map:</p>
<pre class="text">
- r red pixel component
- g green pixel component
- b blue pixel component
- a alpha pixel component (0 is transparent)
- o opacity pixel component (0 is opaque)
- i grayscale intensity pixel component
- c cyan pixel component
- m magenta pixel component
- y yellow pixel component
- k black pixel component
- p pad component (always 0)
+ r red pixel component
+ g green pixel component
+ b blue pixel component
+ a alpha pixel component (0 is transparent)
+ o opacity pixel component (0 is opaque)
+ i grayscale intensity pixel component
+ c cyan pixel component
+ m magenta pixel component
+ y yellow pixel component
+ k black pixel component
+ p pad component (always 0)
</pre>
<p>You can specify as many of these components as needed in any order (e.g.
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="mask" id="mask"></a>-mask
+ <h4><a id="mask"></a>-mask
<em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
</div>
-<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Composite the image pixels as defined by the mask.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Prevent updates to image pixels specified by the mask.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>Use <a href="#mask">+mask</a> to remove the image mask.</p>
+<p>This the same as using a mask used for composite masking operations, with
+grayscale values causing blended updates of the image the mask is attached to.
+</P>
+
+<p>Use <a href="#mask">+mask</a> to remove the mask from images.</p>
+
+<p>Also see <a href="#clip-mask">-clip-mask</a> which work in the same way,
+but with strict boolean masking. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="mattecolor" id="mattecolor"></a>-mattecolor <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="mattecolor"></a>-mattecolor <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify the color to be used with the <a href="#frame">-frame</a> option.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
style="background-color: #bdbdbd;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="maximum" id="maximum"></a>-maximum</h4>
+ <h4><a id="maximum"></a>-maximum</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>return the maximum intensity of an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+<p>Select the 'maximum' value from all the surrounding pixels. </p>
+
+<p>This is legacy option from the <a href="#statistic" >method</A> of the same
+name. </p>
+
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="median" id="median"></a>-median <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="median"></a>-median <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a median filter to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+<p>Select the 'middle' value from all the surrounding pixels. </p>
+
+<p>This is legacy option from the <a href="#statistic" >method</A> of the same
+name. </p>
+
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="metric" id="metric"></a>-metric <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="metric"></a>-metric <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Output to STDERR a measure of the differences between images according to the <em class="arg">type</em> given metric.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>Choose from:</p>
<pre class="text">
- AE absolute error count, number of different pixels (-fuzz effected)
- MAE mean absolute error (normalized), average channel error distance
- MEPP mean error per pixel (normalized mean error, normalized peak error)
- MSE mean error squared, average of the channel error squared
- PAE peak absolute (normalize peak absolute)
- PSNR peak signal to noise ratio
- RMSE root mean squared (normalized root mean squared)
+ AE absolute error count, number of different pixels (-fuzz effected)
+ FUZZ mean color distance
+ MAE mean absolute error (normalized), average channel error distance
+ MEPP mean error per pixel (normalized mean error, normalized peak error)
+ MSE mean error squared, average of the channel error squared
+ NCC normalized cross correlation
+ PAE peak absolute (normalize peak absolute)
+ PSNR peak signal to noise ratio
+ RMSE root mean squared (normalized root mean squared)
</pre>
-<p>The '<kbd>AE</kbd>' or absolute count of pixels that are different, can be
-controlled using a <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor to ignore pixels which
-only changed by a small amount. The '<kbd>PAE</kbd>' can be used to find the
+<p>Control the '<kbd>AE</kbd>', or absolute count of pixels that are different,
+with the <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor (ignore pixels which
+only changed by a small amount). Use '<kbd>PAE</kbd>' to find the
size of the <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor needed to make all pixels
-'similar', while '<kbd>MAE</kbd>' can be used to find out the factor needed
+'similar', while '<kbd>MAE</kbd>' dtermines the factor needed
for about half the pixels to be similar. </p>
<p>The '<kbd>MEPP</kbd>' metric returns three different metrics
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="minimum" id="minimum"></a>-minimum</h4>
+ <h4><a id="minimum"></a>-minimum</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>return the minimum intensity of an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+<p>Select the 'minimal' value from all the surrounding pixels. </p>
+
+<p>This is legacy option from the <a href="#statistic" >method</A> of the same
+name. </p>
+
+
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="mode" id="mode"></a>-mode <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="mode"></a>-mode <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
+</div>
+
+<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>make each pixel the 'predominant color' of the neighborhood.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/convert.html">convert</a>, <a href="../www/mogrify.html">mogrify</a>]</td></tr></table>
+
+<div style="margin: auto;">
+ <h4>-mode <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mode of operation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/montage.html">montage</a>]</td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="modulate" id="modulate"></a>-modulate <em class="arg">brightness</em>[,<em class="arg">saturation</em>,<em class="arg">hue</em>]</h4>
+ <h4><a id="modulate"></a>-modulate <em class="arg">brightness</em>[,<em class="arg">saturation</em>,<em class="arg">hue</em>]</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Vary the <em class="arg">brightness</em>, <em
<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -set option:modulate:colorspace hsb -modulate 120,90 modulate.png</span></p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="monitor" id="monitor"></a>-monitor</h4>
+ <h4><a id="monitor"></a>-monitor</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>monitor progress.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="monochrome" id="monochrome"></a>-monochrome</h4>
+ <h4><a id="monochrome"></a>-monochrome</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>transform the image to black and white.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="morph" id="morph"></a>-morph <em class="arg">frames</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="morph"></a>-morph <em class="arg">frames</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>morphs an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="morphology" id="morphology"></a>-morphology</h4>
- <h4><a name="morphology" id="morphology"></a>-morphology <em class="arg">method</em> <em class="arg">kernel</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="morphology"></a>-morphology</h4>
+ <h4>-morphology <em class="arg">method</em> <em class="arg">kernel</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a morphology method to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-Until I get around to writing a option summary for this, see <A
-HREF="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/morphology/" >IM Usage Examples,
-Morphology</A>. </P>
+<p>Until I get around to writing a option summary for this, see <a
+href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/morphology/" >IM Usage Examples,
+Morphology</a>. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="mosaic" id="mosaic"></a>-mosaic</h4>
+ <h4><a id="mosaic"></a>-mosaic</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>an simple alias for the <a href="#layers" >-layers</a> method "mosaic"</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="motion-blur" id="motion-blur"></a>-motion-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-motion-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>+<em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="motion-blur"></a>-motion-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-motion-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>+<em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate motion blur.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="name" id="name"></a>-name</h4>
+ <h4><a id="name"></a>-name</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>name an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="negate" id="negate"></a>-negate</h4>
+ <h4><a id="negate"></a>-negate</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>replace each pixel with its complementary color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>The red, green, and blue intensities of an image are negated. White becomes black, yellow becomes blue, etc. Use <a href="#negate">+negate</a> to only negate the grayscale pixels of the image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="noise" id="noise"></a>-noise <em class="arg">radius</em><br/>
+ <h4><a id="noise"></a>-noise <em class="arg">geometry</em><br/>
+noise <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
</div>
<p>Use <a href="#noise">+noise</a> followed by a noise <em class="arg">type</em> to add noise to an image. Choose from these noise types:</p>
<pre class="text">
-Gaussian
-Impulse
-Laplacian
-Multiplicative
-Poisson
-Random
-Uniform
+ Gaussian
+ Impulse
+ Laplacian
+ Multiplicative
+ Poisson
+ Random
+ Uniform
</pre>
<p>To print a complete list of noises, use the <a href="#list">-list noise</a> option.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="normalize" id="normalize"></a>-normalize</h4>
+ <h4><a id="normalize"></a>-normalize</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Increase the contrast in an image by <em>stretching</em> the range of intensity values.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="#channel" >-channel</a>
setting will normalize the RGB channels independently.</p>
-<p>See <a href="#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</A> for more details.
+<p>See <a href="#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a> for more details.
Also see <a href="#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect' normalization
that is better suited to mathematically generated images. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="ordered-dither" id="ordered-dither"></a>-ordered-dither <em class="arg">threshold_map</em>{,<em class="arg">level</em>...}</h4>
+ <h4><a id="ordered-dither"></a>-ordered-dither <em class="arg">threshold_map</em>{,<em class="arg">level</em>...}</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>dither the image using a pre-defined ordered dither <em
<p>You can choose from these standard threshold maps:</p>
<pre class="text">
- threshold non-dither
- checks checkerboard
- o2x2 ordered dispersion
- o3x3 ordered dispersion
- o4x4 ordered dispersion
- o5x5bc ordered black circular
- o5x5wc ordered white circular
- o6x6bc ordered black circular
- o6x6wc ordered white circular
- o7x7bc ordered black circular
- o7x7wc ordered white circular
- o8x8 ordered dispersion
- h4x4a halftone angled
- h6x6a halftone angled
- h8x8a halftone angled
- h4x4o halftone orthogonal
- h6x6o halftone orthogonal
- h8x8o halftone orthogonal
- h16x16o halftone orthogonal
+ threshold 1x1 Threshold 1x1 (non-dither)
+ checks 2x1 Checkerboard 2x1 (dither)
+ o2x2 2x2 Ordered 2x2 (dispersed)
+ o3x3 3x3 Ordered 3x3 (dispersed)
+ o4x4 4x4 Ordered 4x4 (dispersed)
+ o8x8 8x8 Ordered 8x8 (dispersed)
+ h4x4a 4x1 Halftone 4x4 (angled)
+ h6x6a 6x1 Halftone 6x6 (angled)
+ h8x8a 8x1 Halftone 8x8 (angled)
+ h4x4o Halftone 4x4 (orthogonal)
+ h6x6o Halftone 6x6 (orthogonal)
+ h8x8o Halftone 8x8 (orthogonal)
+ h16x16o Halftone 16x16 (orthogonal)
+ c5x5b c5x5 Circles 5x5 (black)
+ c5x5w Circles 5x5 (white)
+ c6x6b c6x6 Circles 6x6 (black)
+ c6x6w Circles 6x6 (white)
+ c7x7b c7x7 Circles 7x7 (black)
+ c7x7w Circles 7x7 (white)
</pre>
-<p> The <kbd>checks</kbd> pattern produces a 3 level checkerbord dither
-pattern. Or you can define your own <em class="arg" >threshold map</em> in a
-personal or system <kbd>thresholds.xml</kbd> XML file. </p>
+<p> The <kbd>threshold</kbd> generated a simple 50% threshold of the image.
+This could be used with <em class="arg" >level</em> to do the equivalent of <a
+href="#posterize" >-posterize</a> to reduce an image to basic primary colors.
+</p>
+
+<p>The <kbd>checks</kbd> pattern produces a 3 level checkerbord dither
+pattern. That is a grayscale will become a pattern of solid black, solid
+white, and mid-tone colors into a checkerboard pattern of black and white.
+</p>
-<p>To print a complete list of threshold, use the <a href="#list" >-list
-threshold</a> option.</p>
+<p>You can define your own <em class="arg" >threshold map</em> for ordered
+dithering and halftoning your images, in either personal or system
+<kbd>thresholds.xml</kbd> XML file. See <a href="resources.html" >Resources</A>
+for more details of configuration files. </p>
-<p>It is recommended that the <a href="#map" >+map</a> operator be used after
-applying <a href="#ordered-dither" >-ordered-dither</a> to reduce the number of
-colors an animated image sequence, to less that 256 colors. This ensures that
-a common or global color table is used when saving the result to a color
-limited file format such as GIF. </p>
+<p>To print a complete list of the thresholds that have been defined, use the
+<a href="#list" >-list threshold</a> option.</p>
-<p>Note that at this time the exact same threshold dithering map is used for
-all color channels, no attempt is made to offset or rotate the map for
-different channels is made, to create an offset printing effect. (possible
-future expansion) </p>
+<p>Note that at this time the same threshold dithering map is used for all
+color channels, no attempt is made to offset or rotate the map for different
+channels is made, to create an offset printing effect. Also as the maps are
+simple threshold levels, the halftone and circle maps will create incomplete
+circles along the edges of a colored area. Also all the effects are purely
+on/off boolean effects, without anti-aliasing to make the circles smooth
+looking. Large dots can be made to look better with a small amount of blurring
+after being created. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="opaque" id="opaque"></a>-opaque <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="opaque"></a>-opaque <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>change this color to the fill color within the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="orient" id="orient"></a>-orient <em class="arg">image orientation</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="orient"></a>-orient <em class="arg">image orientation</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify orientation of a digital camera image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>Choose from these orientations:</p>
<pre class="text">
- bottom-left
- bottom-right
- left-bottom
- left-top
- right-bottom
- right-top
- top-left
- top-right
- undefined
+ bottom-left
+ bottom-right
+ left-bottom
+ left-top
+ right-bottom
+ right-top
+ top-left
+ top-right
+ undefined
</pre>
<p>To print a complete list of orientations, use the <a href="#list" >-list
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="page" id="page"></a>-page <em class="arg">geometry</em><br/>
+ <h4><a id="page"></a>-page <em class="arg">geometry</em><br/>
-page <em class="arg">media</em>[<em class="arg">offset</em>][{<em class="arg">^!<></em>}]<br/>
+page
</h4>
<p>Use <a href="#page">+page</a> to remove the page settings for an image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="paint" id="paint"></a>-paint <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="paint"></a>-paint <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate an oil painting.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>Each pixel is replaced by the most frequent color in a circular neighborhood whose width is specified with <em class="arg">radius</em>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="path" id="path"></a>-path <em class="arg">path</em></h4></div>
+ <h4><a id="path"></a>-path <em class="arg">path</em></h4></div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>write images to this path on disk.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="pause_animate_" id="pause_animate_"></a>-pause <em class="arg">seconds</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="pause_animate_"></a>-pause <em class="arg">seconds</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Pause between animation loops.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>]</td></tr></table>
<p>Pause for the specified number of seconds before repeating the animation.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="pause_import_" id="pause_import_"></a>-pause <em class="arg">seconds</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="pause_import_"></a>-pause <em class="arg">seconds</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Pause between snapshots.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/import.html">import</a>]</td></tr></table>
<p>Pause for the specified number of seconds before taking the next snapshot.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="ping" id="ping"></a>-ping</h4>
+ <h4><a id="ping"></a>-ping</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>efficiently determine image characteristics.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="pointsize" id="pointsize"></a>-pointsize <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="pointsize"></a>-pointsize <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>pointsize of the PostScript, OPTION1, or TrueType font.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="polaroid" id="polaroid"></a>-polaroid <em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="polaroid"></a>-polaroid <em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate a Polaroid picture.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>Use <kbd>+polaroid</kbd> to rotate the image at a random angle between -15 and +15 degrees.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="posterize" id="posterize"></a>-posterize <em class="arg">levels</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="posterize"></a>-posterize <em class="arg">levels</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>reduce the image to a limited number of color levels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="precision" id="precision"></a>-precision <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="precision"></a>-precision <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the maximum number of significant digits to be printed.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="preview" id="preview"></a>-preview <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="preview"></a>-preview <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>image preview type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>Use this option to affect the preview operation of an image (e.g. <kbd>convert file.png -preview Gamma Preview:gamma.png</kbd>). Choose from these previews:</p>
<pre class="text">
- Rotate
- Shear
- Roll
- Hue
- Saturation
- Brightness
- Gamma
- Spiff
- Dull
- Grayscale
- Quantize
- Despeckle
- ReduceNoise
- Add Noise
- Sharpen
- Blur
- Threshold
- EdgeDetect
- Spread
- Shade
- Raise
- Segment
- Solarize
- Swirl
- Implode
- Wave
- OilPaint
- CharcoalDrawing
- JPEG
+ Rotate Shear Roll Hue
+ Saturation Brightness Gamma Spiff
+ Dull Grayscale Quantize Despeckle
+ ReduceNoise Add Noise Sharpen Blur
+ Threshold EdgeDetect Spread Shade
+ Raise Segment Solarize Swirl
+ Implode Wave OilPaint CharcoalDrawing
+ JPEG
</pre>
<p>To print a complete list of previews, use the <a href="#list">-list preview</a> option.</p>
<p>The default preview is <kbd>JPEG</kbd>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="print" id="print"></a>-print <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="print"></a>-print <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>interpret string and print to console.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="process" id="process"></a>-process <em class="arg">command</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="process"></a>-process <em class="arg">command</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>process the image with a custom image filter.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>The command arguments has the form <kbd>"module arg1 arg2 arg3 ... argN"</kbd> where <kbd>module</kbd> is the name of the module to invoke (e.g. "Analyze") and arg1 arg2 arg3 ... argN are an arbitrary number of arguments to pass to the process module.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="profile" id="profile"></a>-profile <em class="arg">filename</em><br/>
+ <h4><a id="profile"></a>-profile <em class="arg">filename</em><br/>
+profile <em class="arg">profile_name</em></h4>
</div>
</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="quality" id="quality"></a>-quality <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="quality"></a>-quality <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>JPEG/MIFF/PNG compression level.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>For the JPEG and MPEG image formats, quality is 1 (lowest image quality and highest compression) to 100 (best quality but least effective compression). The default is to use the estimate quality of your input image otherwise 92. Use the <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to specify the factors for chroma downsampling.</p>
+<p>For the JPEG and MPEG image formats, quality is 1 (lowest image quality and
+highest compression) to 100 (best quality but least effective compression).
+The default is to use the estimated quality of your input image if it can
+be determined, otherwise 92. When the quality is greater than 90, then the
+chroma channels are not downsampled.
+Use the <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to specify the
+factors for chroma downsampling.</p>
<p>For the MIFF image format, quality/10 is the zlib compression level, which is 0 (worst but fastest compression) to 9 (best but slowest). It has no effect on the image appearance, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
<p>For the JPEG-2000 image format, quality is mapped using a non-linear equation to the compression ratio required by the Jasper library. This non-linear equation is intended to loosely approximate the quality provided by the JPEG v1 format. The default quality value 100, a request for non-lossy compression. A quality of 75 results in a request for 16:1 compression.</p>
-<p>For the MNG and PNG image formats, the quality value sets the zlib compression level (quality / 10) and filter-type (quality % 10). For compression level 0, the Huffman-only strategy is used, which is fastest but not necessarily the worst compression. The default PNG compression is 75.</p>
+<p>For the MNG and PNG image formats, the quality value sets the zlib
+compression level (quality / 10) and filter-type (quality % 10). The default
+PNG "quality" is 75, which means compression level 7 with adaptive PNG
+filtering, unless the image has a color map, in which case it means
+compression level 7 with no PNG filtering.</p>
-<p>If filter-type is 4 or less, the specified filter-type is used for all scanlines:</p>
+<p>For compression level 0, the Huffman-only strategy is used, which is fastest but not necessarily the worst compression.</p>
+
+<p>If filter-type is 4 or less, the specified PNG filter-type is used for
+all scanlines:</p>
<pre class="text">
- 0: none
- 1: sub
- 2: up
- 3: average
- 4: Paeth
+ 0: none
+ 1: sub
+ 2: up
+ 3: average
+ 4: Paeth
</pre>
-<p>If filter-type is 5, adaptive filtering is used when quality is greater than 50 and the image does not have a color map, otherwise no filtering is used.</p>
+<p>If filter-type is 5, adaptive filtering is used when quality is greater
+than 50 and the image does not have a color map, otherwise no filtering is
+used.</p>
+
+<p>If filter-type is 6, adaptive filtering
+with <em class="arg">minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</em> is used.</p>
+
+<p>Only if the output is MNG, if filter-type is 7, the LOCO color
+transformation (intrapixel differencing) and adaptive filtering
+with <em class="arg">minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</em> are used.</p>
-<p>If filter-type is 6, adaptive filtering with <em class="arg">minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</em> is used.</p>
+<p>If the filter-type is 8 the zlib Z_RLE compression strategy is used with
+ no PNG filtering.</p>
-<p>Only if the output is MNG, if filter-type is 7, the LOCO color transformation and adaptive filtering with <em class="arg">minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</em> are used.</p>
+<p>If the filter-type is 9 the zlib Z_RLE compression strategy is used with
+ adaptive PNG filtering.</p>
-<p>The quality setting has no effect on the appearance of PNG and MNG images, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
+<p>The quality setting has no effect on the appearance or signature of PNG
+and MNG images, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
-<p>For further information, see the <a href="http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/TR">PNG</a> specification.</p>
+<p>Not all combinations of compression level, strategy, and PNG filter type
+can be obtained using the -quality option. For more precise control,
+you can use the PNG:compression-level=N, PNG:compression-strategy=N, and
+PNG:compression-filter=N defines, respectively, instead.
+See <a href="#define">-define</a>. Values from the defines take precedence
+over values from the -quality option.</p>
+
+<p>For further information, see
+the <a href="http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/TR">PNG</a> specification.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="quantize" id="quantize"></a>-quantize <em class="arg">colorspace</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="quantize"></a>-quantize <em class="arg">colorspace</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>reduce colors using this colorspace.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="quiet" id="quiet"></a>-quiet</h4>
+ <h4><a id="quiet"></a>-quiet</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>suppress all warning messages. Error messages are still reported.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="radial-blur" id="radial-blur"></a>-radial-blur <em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="radial-blur"></a>-radial-blur <em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Blur around the center of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="raise" id="raise"></a>-raise <em class="arg">thickness</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="raise"></a>-raise <em class="arg">thickness</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Lighten or darken image edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>Unlike the similar <a href="#frame">-frame</a> option, <a href="#raise">-raise</a> does not alter the dimensions of the image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="random-threshold" id="random-threshold"></a>-random-threshold <em class="arg">low</em>x<em class="arg">high</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="random-threshold"></a>-random-threshold <em class="arg">low</em>x<em class="arg">high</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a random threshold to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="red-primary" id="red-primary"></a>-red-primary <em class="arg">x,y</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="red-primary"></a>-red-primary <em class="arg">x,y</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the red chromaticity primary point.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="regard-warnings" id="regard-warnings"></a>-regard-warnings</h4>
+ <h4><a id="regard-warnings"></a>-regard-warnings</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Pay attention to warning messages.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="remap" id="remap"></a>-remap <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="remap"></a>-remap <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Reduce the number of colors in an image to the colors used by this image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
reduce the number of colors in an animated image sequence. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="region" id="region"></a>-region <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="region"></a>-region <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a region in which subsequent operations apply.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="remote" id="remote"></a>-remote</h4>
+ <h4><a id="remote"></a>-remote</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>perform a remote operation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>If you have more than one <a href="../www/display.html">display</a> application running simultaneously, use the <a href="#window"> window</a> option to specify which application to control.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="render" id="render"></a>-render</h4>
+ <h4><a id="render"></a>-render</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>render vector operations.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>Use <a href="#render">+render</a> to turn off rendering vector operations. This useful when saving the result to vector formats such as MVG or SVG.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
-<h4><a name="repage" id="repage"></a>-repage <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
+<h4><a id="repage"></a>-repage <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adjust the canvas and offset information of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="resample" id="resample"></a>-resample <em class="arg">horizontal</em>x<em class="arg">vertical</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="resample"></a>-resample <em class="arg">horizontal</em>x<em class="arg">vertical</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Resample image to specified horizontal and vertical resolution.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>Note that Photoshop stores and obtains image resolution from a proprietary embedded profile. If this profile exists in the image, then Photoshop will continue to treat the image using its former resolution, ignoring the image resolution specified in the standard file header.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="resize" id="resize"></a>-resize <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="resize"></a>-resize <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Resize an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert portrait.jpg -gamma .45455 -resize 25% -gamma 2.2 \ <br/> -quality 92 passport.jpg</span></p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="respect-parentheses" id="respect-parentheses"></a>-respect-parentheses</h4>
+ <h4><a id="respect-parentheses"></a>-respect-parentheses</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>settings remain in effect until parenthesis boundary.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="reverse" id="reverse"></a>-reverse</h4>
+ <h4><a id="reverse"></a>-reverse</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Reverse the order of images in the current image list.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="roll" id="roll"></a>-roll {<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="roll"></a>-roll {<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>roll an image vertically or horizontally by the amount given.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="rotate" id="rotate"></a>-rotate <em class="arg">degrees</em>{<em class="arg"><</em>}{<em class="arg">></em>}</h4>
+ <h4><a id="rotate"></a>-rotate <em class="arg">degrees</em>{<em class="arg"><</em>}{<em class="arg">></em>}</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply Paeth image rotation (using shear operations) to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="sample" id="sample"></a>-sample <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="sample"></a>-sample <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>minify/magnify the image using pixel subsampling and pixel replication, respectively.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="sampling-factor" id="sampling-factor"></a>-sampling-factor <em class="arg">horizontal-factor</em>x<em class="arg">vertical-factor</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="sampling-factor"></a>-sampling-factor <em class="arg">horizontal-factor</em>x<em class="arg">vertical-factor</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>sampling factors used by JPEG or MPEG-2 encoder and YUV decoder/encoder.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>This option specifies the sampling factors to be used by the JPEG encoder for chroma downsampling. If this option is omitted, the JPEG library will use its own default values. When reading or writing the YUV format and when writing the M2V (MPEG-2) format, use <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 2x1</a> or <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 4:2:2</a> to specify the 4:2:2 downsampling method.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="scale" id="scale"></a>-scale <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="scale"></a>-scale <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>minify/magnify the image using pixel block averaging and pixel replication, respectively.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="scene" id="scene"></a>-scene <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="scene"></a>-scene <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set scene number.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>This option sets the scene number of an image or the first image in an image sequence.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="screen" id="screen"></a>-screen</h4>
+ <h4><a id="screen"></a>-screen</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify the screen to capture.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>This option indicates that the GetImage request used to obtain the image should be done on the root window, rather than directly on the specified window. In this way, you can obtain pieces of other windows that overlap the specified window, and more importantly, you can capture menus or other popups that are independent windows but appear over the specified window.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="seed" id="seed"></a>-seed</h4>
+ <h4><a id="seed"></a>-seed</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>seed a new sequence of pseudo-random numbers</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="segment" id="segment"></a>-segment <em class="arg">cluster-threshold</em>x<em class="arg">smoothing-threshold</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="segment"></a>-segment <em class="arg">cluster-threshold</em>x<em class="arg">smoothing-threshold</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>segment the colors of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="selective-blur" id="selective-blur"></a>-selective-blur <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
-</div>
-
-<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="selective-blur" id="selective-blur"></a>-selective-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-unsharp <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>{<em class="arg">+threshold</em>}</h4>
+ <h4><a id="selective-blur"></a>-selective-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-selective-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>{<em class="arg">+threshold</em>}</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Selectively blur pixels within a contrast threshold.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>Blurs those pixels that are less than or equal to the threshold in contrast. The threshold may be expressed as a fraction of <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> or as a percentage.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="separate" id="separate"></a>-separate</h4>
+ <h4><a id="separate"></a>-separate</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>separate an image channel into a grayscale image. Specify the channel with <a href="#channel">-channel</a>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="sepia-tone" id="sepia-tone"></a>-sepia-tone <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="sepia-tone"></a>-sepia-tone <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate a sepia-toned photo.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="set" id="set"></a>-set <em class="arg">key value</em></h4>
- <h4><a name="set" id="set"></a>+set <em class="arg">key</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="set"></a>-set <em class="arg">key value</em></h4>
+ <h4>+set <em class="arg">key</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>sets image attributes and properties for images in the current
<p>If the given <em class="arg">key</em> does not match a specific known
'attribute ', such as shown above, the setting is stored as a a free form
-'proper
ity' string. Such settings are listed in <a href="#verbose"
+'property' string. Such settings are listed in <a href="#verbose"
>-verbose</a> information ("<kbd>info:</kbd>" output format) as "Properties".
</p>
-<p>This includes string 'properities' that are set by and assigned to images
+<p>This includes string 'properties' that are set by and assigned to images
using the options <a href="#comment" >-comment</a>, <a href="#label"
>-label</a>, <a href="#caption" >-caption</a>. These options actually assign
a global 'artifact' which are automatically assigned (and any <a href="../www/escape.html" >Format Percent
Properties</a> in the defined value. For example:</p>
<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set origsize '%wx%h' -resize 50% \</span><span class='crtout'> -format 'Old size = %[origsize] New size = %wx%h' info:</span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>Old size = 70x46 New size = 35x23</span></p>
-<p>Other well known 'properities' that can be include:
+<p>Other well known 'properties' that are availible include:
'<kbd>date:create</kbd>' and '<kbd>date:modify</kbd>' and
'<kbd>signature</kbd>'. </p>
<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set filename:mysize '%wx%h' 'rose_%[filename:mysize].png'</span></p>
<p>If the setting value is prefixed with "<kbd>option:</kbd>" the setting will
be saved as a global "Artifact" exactly as if it was set using the <a
-href="#define" >-define</a> option. As such settings are globel in scope, they
-can be used to pass 'attributes' and 'properities' of one specific image,
+href="#define" >-define</a> option. As such settings are global in scope, they
+can be used to pass 'attributes' and 'properties' of one specific image,
in a way that allows you to use them in a completely different image, even if
the original image has long since been modified or destroyed. For example: </p>
<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set option:rosesize '%wx%h' -delete 0 \</span><span class='crtout'> label:'%[rosesize]' label_size_of_rose.gif</span></p>
<p>Note that <a href="../www/escape.html" >Format Percent Escapes</a> will only match
a 'artifact' if the given <em class="arg">key</em> does not match an existing
-'attribute' or 'properity'. </p>
+'attribute' or 'property'. </p>
<p>You can set the attributes of the image registry by prefixing the value
with <kbd>registry:</kbd>.</p>
+<p>The <a href="#set">-set profile</a> option can also be used to inject
+previously-formatted ancillary chunks into the output PNG file, using
+the commandline option as shown below or by setting the profile via a
+programming interface:</p>
+
+<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert in.png -set profile PNG-chunk-x:<filename> out.png</span></p>
+<p>where <em>x</em> is a location flag and
+<em class="arg">filename</em> is a file containing the chunk
+name in the first 4 bytes, then a colon (":"), followed by the chunk data.
+This encoder will compute the chunk length and CRC, so those must not
+be included in the file.</p>
+
+<p>"x" can be "b" (before PLTE), "m" (middle, i.e., between PLTE and IDAT),
+or "e" (end, i.e., after IDAT). If you want to write multiple chunks
+of the same type, then add a short unique string after the "x" to prevent
+subsequent profiles from overwriting the preceding ones, e.g.,</p>
+
+
+<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert in.png -set profile PNG-chunk-b01:file01 / <br/>
+ -profile PNG-chunk-b02:file02 out.png</span></p>
+<p> </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="shade" id="shade"></a>-shade <em class="arg">azimuth</em>x<em class="arg">elevation</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="shade"></a>-shade <em class="arg">azimuth</em>x<em class="arg">elevation</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>shade the image using a distant light source.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>Specify <em class="arg">azimuth</em> and <em class="arg">elevation</em> as the position of the light source. Use <a href="#shade">+shade</a> to return the shading results as a grayscale image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="shadow" id="shadow"></a>-shadow <em class="arg">percent-opacity</em>{x<em class="arg">sigma</em>}{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
+ <h4><a id="shadow"></a>-shadow <em class="arg">percent-opacity</em>{x<em class="arg">sigma</em>}{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate an image shadow.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="shared-memory"
+ <h4><a
id="shared-memory"></a>-shared-memory</h4>
</div>
<p>This option specifies whether the utility should attempt to use shared memory for pixmaps. ImageMagick must be compiled with shared memory support, and the display must support the <em class="arg">MIT-SHM</em> extension. Otherwise, this option is ignored. The default is <kbd>True</kbd>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="sharpen" id="sharpen"></a>-sharpen <em class="arg">radius</em>{x<em class="arg">sigma</em>}</h4>
+ <h4><a id="sharpen"></a>-sharpen <em class="arg">radius</em>{x<em class="arg">sigma</em>}</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>sharpen the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>Use a Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (sigma).</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="shave" id="shave"></a>-shave <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="shave"></a>-shave <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Shave pixels from the image edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="shear" id="shear"></a>-shear <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em>[x<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em>]</h4>
+ <h4><a id="shear"></a>-shear <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em>[x<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em>]</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Shear the image along the x-axis and/or y-axis.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: -shear 20x60 logo-sheared.png</span></p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="sigmoidal" id="sigmoidal-contrast"></a>-sigmoidal-contrast <em class="arg">contrast</em>x<em class="arg">mid-point</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="sigmoidal-contrast"></a>-sigmoidal-contrast <em class="arg">contrast</em>x<em class="arg">mid-point</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>increase the contrast without saturating highlights or shadows.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>Increase the contrast of the image using a sigmoidal transfer function without saturating highlights or shadows. <em class="arg">Contrast</em> indicates how much to increase the contrast (0 is none; 3 is typical; 20 is a lot); <em class="arg">mid-point</em> indicates where midtones fall in the resultant image (0 is white; 50% is middle-gray; 100% is black). By default the image contrast is increased, use <em class="arg">+sigmoidal-contrast</em> to decrease the contrast.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="silent" id="silent"></a>-silent</h4>
+ <h4><a id="silent"></a>-silent</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>operate silently.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="size" id="size"></a>-size <em class="arg">width</em>[x<em class="arg">height</em>][<em class="arg">+offset</em>]</h4>
+ <h4><a id="size"></a>-size <em class="arg">width</em>[x<em class="arg">height</em>][<em class="arg">+offset</em>]</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the width and height of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>For Photo CD images, choose from these sizes:</p>
<pre class="text">
- 192x128
- 384x256
- 768x512
- 1536x1024
- 3072x2048
+ 192x128
+ 384x256
+ 768x512
+ 1536x1024
+ 3072x2048
</pre>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="sketch" id="sketch"></a>-sketch <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-sketch <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>+<em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="sketch"></a>-sketch <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-sketch <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>+<em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate a pencil sketch.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>Sketch with the given radius, standard deviation (sigma), and angle. The angle given is the angle toward which the image is sketched. That is the direction people would consider the object is coming from. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="snaps" id="snaps"></a>-snaps <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="smush"></a>-smush <em class="arg">offset</em></h4>
+</div>
+
+<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>smush an image sequence together.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+
+<div style="margin: auto;">
+ <h4><a id="snaps"></a>-snaps <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the number of screen snapshots.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/import.html">import</a>]</td></tr></table>
<p>Use this option to grab more than one image from the X server screen, to create an animation sequence.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="solarize" id="solarize"></a>-solarize <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="solarize"></a>-solarize <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>negate all pixels above the threshold level.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>This option produces a <em class="arg">solarization</em> effect seen when exposing a photographic film to light during the development process.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="sparse-color" id="sparse-color"></a>-sparse-color <em
+ <h4><a id="sparse-color"></a>-sparse-color <em
class="arg">method</em> '<em class="arg">x</em>,<em class="arg">y</em> <em class="arg">color</em> ...'</h4>
</div>
<th align="left">Description</th>
</tr>
+ <tr valign="top">
+ <td valign="top">barycentric</td>
+ <td valign="top">three point triangle of color given 3 points.
+ Giving only 2 points will form a linear gradient between those points.
+ The gradient generated extends beyond the triangle created by those
+ 3 points. </td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr valign="top">
+ <td valign="top">bilinear</td>
+ <td valign="top">Like barycentric but for 4 points. Less than 4 points
+ fall back to barycentric. </td>
+ </tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td valign="top">voronoi</td>
<td valign="top">Simply map each pixel to the to nearest color point
<td valign="top">Colors points biased on the ratio of inverse distance
squared. Generating spots of color in a sea of the average of
colors. </td>
- </tr>
-
- <tr valign="top">
- <td valign="top">barycentric</td>
- <td valign="top">three point triangle of color given 3 points.
- Giving only 2 points will form a linear gradient between those points.
- Gradient is however not restricted to just the triangle or line. </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
- <td valign="top">bilinear</td>
- <td valign="top">Like barycentric but for 4 points. Less than 4 points
- fall back to barycentric. </td>
+ <td valign="top">inverse</td>
+ <td valign="top">Colors points biased on the ratio of inverse distance.
+ This generates sharper points of color rather than rounded spots of
+ '<kbd>shepards</kbd>' Generating spots of color in a sea of the
+ average of colors. </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</p>
<p>Only the color channels defined by the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> are
-modified, whcih means the matte/alpha transparency channel is not effected by
-default. If enabled, the image also needs a the matte/alpha channel to be
-enabled for this operator to effect an images transparency. This is typical
-transparency handling for images. </p>
+modified, which means that by default matte/alpha transparency channel is not
+effected. Typically transparency channel is turned off either before or after
+the operation. </P>
+
+Of course if some color points are transparent to generate a transparent
+gradient, then the image also requires transparency enabled to store the
+values. </p>
<p>All the above methods when given a single point of color will replace all
the colors in the image with the color given, regardless of the point. This is
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="splice" id="splice"></a>-splice <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="splice"></a>-splice <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Splice the current background color into the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. See <a href="#background">-background</a> to reset the background color.</p>
+<p>This will add rows and columns of the current <a
+href="#background">-background</a> color into the given image according to the
+given <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> effectd geometry setting. >See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Essentually <a href="#splice">-splice</a> will divide the
+image into four quadrants, separating them by the inserted rows and columns.
+</P>
+
+If a dimension of geometry is zero no rows or columns will be added for that
+dimension. Similarly using a zero offset with the appropriate <a
+href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting will add rows and columns to the edges of
+the image, padding the image only along that one edge. Edge padding is what <a
+href="#splice">-splice</a> is most commonly used for. </p>
+
+<p>If the exact same <em class="arg">geometry</em> and <a
+href="#gravity">-gravity</a> is later used with <a href="#chop">-chop</a> the
+added added all splices removed. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="spread" id="spread"></a>-spread <em class="arg">amount</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="spread"></a>-spread <em class="arg">amount</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>displace image pixels by a random amount.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>The argument <em class="arg">amount</em> defines the size of the neighborhood around each pixel from which to choose a candidate pixel to swap.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="stegano" id="stegano"></a>-stegano <em class="arg">offset</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="statistic"></a>-statistic <em class="arg">type</em> <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
+</div>
+
+<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>replace each pixel with corresponding statistic from the neighborhood.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/convert.html">convert</a>, <a href="../www/mogrify.html">mogrify</a>]</td></tr></table>
+
+<p>Choose from these statistic types:</p>
+<pre class="text">
+ Gradient maximum difference in area
+ Maximum maximum value per channel in neighborhood
+ Minimum minimum value per channel in neighborhood
+ Mean average value per channel in neighborhood
+ Median median value per channel in neighborhood
+ Mode mode (most frequent) value per channel in neighborhood
+ Nonpeak value just before or after the median value per channel in neighborhood
+</pre>
+
+<div style="margin: auto;">
+ <h4><a id="stegano"></a>-stegano <em class="arg">offset</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>hide watermark within an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>Use an offset to start the image hiding some number of pixels from the beginning of the image. Note this offset and the image size. You will need this information to recover the steganographic image (e.g. display -size 320x256+35 stegano:image.png).</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="stereo" id="stereo"></a>-stereo <em class="arg">+x</em>{<em class="arg">+y</em>}</h4>
+ <h4><a id="stereo"></a>-stereo <em class="arg">+x</em>{<em class="arg">+y</em>}</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>composite two images to create a stereo anaglyph.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
<p>The left side of the stereo pair is saved as the red channel of the output image. The right side is saved as the green channel. Red-green stereo glasses are required to properly view the stereo image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="storage-type" id="storage-type"></a>-storage-type <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="storage-type"></a>-storage-type <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>pixel storage type. Here are the valid types:</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<pre class="text">
- char store pixels as unsigned characters
- double store pixels as doubles
- float store pixels as floats
- integer store pixels as integers
- long store pixels as longs
- quantum store pixels in the native depth of your ImageMagick distribution
- short store pixels as unsigned shorts
+ char unsigned characters
+ double doubles
+ float floats
+ integer integers
+ long longs
+ quantum pixels in the native depth of your ImageMagick distribution
+ short unsigned shorts
</pre>
<p>Float and double types are normalized from 0.0 to 1.0 otherwise the pixels
values range from 0 to the maximum value the storage type can support.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="stretch" id="stretch"></a>-stretch <em class="arg">fontStretch</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="stretch"></a>-stretch <em class="arg">fontStretch</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a type of stretch style for fonts.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>This setting suggests a type of stretch that ImageMagick should try to apply to the currently selected font family. Select <em class="arg">fontStretch</em> from the following.</p>
<pre class="text">
- Any
- Condensed
- Expanded
- ExtraCondensed
- ExtraExpanded
- Normal
- SemiCondensed
- SemiExpanded
- UltraCondensed
- UltraExpanded
+ Any
+ Condensed
+ Expanded
+ ExtraCondensed
+ ExtraExpanded
+ Normal
+ SemiCondensed
+ SemiExpanded
+ UltraCondensed
+ UltraExpanded
</pre>
<p>To print a complete list of stretch types, use <a href="#list">-list stretch</a>.</p>
<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#family">-family</a>, <a href="#style">-style</a>, and <a href="#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="strip" id="strip"></a>-strip</h4>
+ <h4><a id="strip"></a>-strip</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>strip the image of any profiles or comments.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="stroke" id="stroke"></a>-stroke <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="stroke"></a>-stroke <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>color to use when stroking a graphic primitive.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="strokewidth" id="strokewidth"></a>-strokewidth <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="strokewidth"></a>-strokewidth <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the stroke width.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="style" id="style"></a>-style <em class="arg">fontStyle</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="style"></a>-style <em class="arg">fontStyle</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a font style for text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
the following.</p>
<pre class="text">
- Any
- Italic
- Normal
- Oblique
+ Any
+ Italic
+ Normal
+ Oblique
</pre>
<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#family">-family</a>, <a href="#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="subimage-search" id="subimage-search"></a>-subimage-search</h4>
+ <h4><a id="subimage-search"></a>-subimage-search</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>search for subimage.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/compare.html">compare</a>]</td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="swap" id="swap"></a>-swap <em class="arg">index,index</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="swap"></a>-swap <em class="arg">index,index</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Swap the positions of two images in the image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
the last two images in the sequence.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="swirl" id="swirl"></a>-swirl <em class="arg">degrees</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="swirl"></a>-swirl <em class="arg">degrees</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>swirl image pixels about the center.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p><em class="arg">Degrees</em> defines the tightness of the swirl.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="synchronize" id="synchronize"></a>-synchronize</h4>
+ <h4><a id="synchronize"></a>-synchronize</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>synchronize image to storage device.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="taint" id="taint"></a>-taint</h4>
+ <h4><a id="taint"></a>-taint</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mark the image as modified.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="text-font" id="text-font"></a>-text-font <em class="arg">name</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="text-font"></a>-text-font <em class="arg">name</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>font for writing fixed-width text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>You can tag a font to specify whether it is a PostScript, TrueType, or OPTION1 font. For example, <kbd>Courier.ttf</kbd> is a TrueType font and <kbd>x:fixed</kbd> is OPTION1.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="texture" id="texture"></a>-texture <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="texture"></a>-texture <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>name of texture to tile onto the image background.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="threshold" id="threshold"></a>-threshold <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
+ <h4><a id="threshold"></a>-threshold <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
</div>
<!-- {<em class="arg">green,blue,opacity</em>}
</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="thumbnail" id="thumbnail"></a>-thumbnail <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="thumbnail"></a>-thumbnail <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Create a thumbnail of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="tile" id="tile"></a>-tile <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="tile"></a>-tile <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the tile image used for filling a subsequent graphic primitive.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specifies that a subsequent composite operation is repeated across and down image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="tile-offset" id="tile-offset"></a>-tile-offset {<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="tile-offset"></a>-tile-offset {<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify the offset for tile images, relative to the background image it is tiled on.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>Internally ImageMagick does a <a href="#roll" >-roll</a> of the tile image by the arguments given when the tile image is set. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="tint" id="tint"></a>-tint <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="tint"></a>-tint <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Tint the image with the fill color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>Specify the amount of tinting as a percentage. Pure colors like black, white red, yellow, will not be affected by -tint. Only mid-range colors such as the various shades of grey.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="title" id="title"></a>-title <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="title"></a>-title <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Assign a title to displayed image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>, <a href="../www/montage.html">montage</a>]</td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="transform" id="transform"></a>-transform</h4>
+ <h4><a id="transform"></a>-transform</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>transform the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="transparent" id="transparent"></a>-transparent <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="transparent"></a>-transparent <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Make this color transparent within the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="transparent-color" id="transparent-color"></a>-transparent-color <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="transparent-color"></a>-transparent-color <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the transparent color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>The default transparent color is <kbd>#00000000</kbd>, which is fully transparent black.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="transpose" id="transpose"></a>-transpose</h4>
+ <h4><a id="transpose"></a>-transpose</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mirror the image along the top-left to bottom-right diagonal.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="transverse" id="transverse"></a>-transverse</h4>
+ <h4><a id="transverse"></a>-transverse</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mirror the image along the images bottom-left top-right diagonal. Equivalent to the operations <kbd>-flop -rotate 90</kbd>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="treedepth" id="treedepth"></a>-treedepth <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="treedepth"></a>-treedepth <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>tree depth for the color reduction algorithm.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>The <a href="#colors">-colors</a> or <a href="#monochrome">-monochrome</a> option, or writing to an image format which requires color reduction, is required for this option to take effect.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="trim" id="trim"></a>-trim</h4>
+ <h4><a id="trim"></a>-trim</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>trim an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="type" id="type"></a>-type <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="type"></a>-type <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the image type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
- <p>Choose from: <kbd>Bilevel</kbd>, <kbd>Grayscale</kbd>, <kbd>GrayscaleMatte</kbd>, <kbd>Palette</kbd>, <kbd>PaletteMatte</kbd>, <kbd>TrueColor</kbd>, <kbd>TrueColorMatte</kbd>, <kbd>ColorSeparation</kbd>, <kbd>ColorSeparationMatte</kbd>, or <kbd>Optimize</kbd>.</p>
+ <p>Choose from: <kbd>Bilevel</kbd>, <kbd>Grayscale</kbd>, <kbd>GrayscaleMatte</kbd>, <kbd>Palette</kbd>, <kbd>PaletteMatte</kbd>, <kbd>TrueColor</kbd>, <kbd>TrueColorMatte</kbd>, <kbd>ColorSeparation</kbd>, or <kbd>ColorSeparationMatte</kbd>.</p>
<p>Normally, when a format supports different subformats such as grayscale and truecolor, the encoder will try to choose an efficient subformat. The <a href="#type">-type</a> option can be used to overrride this behavior. For example, to prevent a JPEG from being written in grayscale format even though only gray pixels are present, use.</p>
<p>Use <a href="#type">-type optimize</a> to ensure the image is written in the smallest possible file size.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="undercolor" id="undercolor"></a>-undercolor <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="undercolor"></a>-undercolor <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the color of the annotation bounding box.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="update" id="update"></a>-update <em class="arg">seconds</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="update"></a>-update <em class="arg">seconds</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>detect when image file is modified and redisplay.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="unique-colors" id="unique-colors"></a>-unique-colors</h4>
+ <h4><a id="unique-colors"></a>-unique-colors</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>discard all but one of any pixel color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="units" id="units"></a>-units <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="units"></a>-units <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the units of image resolution.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="unsharp" id="unsharp"></a>-unsharp <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-unsharp <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>{<em class="arg">+amount</em>}{<em class="arg">+threshold</em>}</h4>
+ <h4><a id="unsharp"></a>-unsharp <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-unsharp <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>{<em class="arg">+amount</em>}{<em class="arg">+threshold</em>}</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>sharpen the image with an unsharp mask operator.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>The parameters are:</p>
<pre class="text">
- radius: The radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center
- pixel (default 0).
- sigma: The standard deviation of the Gaussian, in pixels (default 1.0).
- amount: The fraction of the difference between the original and the blur
- image that is added back into the original (default 1.0).
- threshold: The threshold, as a fraction of <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>, needed to apply the
- difference amount (default 0.05).
+ radius The radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center
+ pixel (default 0).
+ sigma The standard deviation of the Gaussian, in pixels (default 1.0).
+ amount The fraction of the difference between the original and the blur
+ image that is added back into the original (default 1.0).
+ threshold The threshold, as a fraction of <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>, needed to apply the
+ difference amount (default 0.05).
</pre>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="verbose" id="verbose"></a>-verbose</h4>
+ <h4><a id="verbose"></a>-verbose</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>print detailed information about the image when this option precedes the <a href="#identify">-identify</a> option or <kbd>info:</kbd>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="version" id="version"></a>-version</h4>
+ <h4><a id="version"></a>-version</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>print ImageMagick version string and exit.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="view" id="view"></a>-view <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="view"></a>-view <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>FlashPix viewing parameters.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="vignette" id="vignette"></a>-vignette <em class="arg">radius</em>{x<em class="arg">sigma</em>}{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
+ <h4><a id="vignette"></a>-vignette <em class="arg">radius</em>{x<em class="arg">sigma</em>}{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>soften the edges of the image in vignette style.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="virtual-pixel" id="virtual-pixel"></a>-virtual-pixel <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="virtual-pixel"></a>-virtual-pixel <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify contents of <em>virtual pixels</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>Choose from these methods:</p>
<pre class="text">
- background: the area surrounding the image is the background color
- black: the area surrounding the image is black
- checker-tile: alternate squares with image and background color
- dither: non-random 32x32 dithered pattern
- edge: extend the edge pixel toward infinity
- gray: the area surrounding the image is gray
- horizontal-tile: horizontally tile the image, background color above/below
- horizontal-tile-edge: horizontally tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels
- mirror: mirror tile the image
- random: choose a random pixel from the image
- tile: tile the image (default)
- transparent: the area surrounding the image is transparent blackness
- vertical-tile: vertically tile the image, sides are background color
- vertical-tile-edge: vertically tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels
- white: the area surrounding the image is white
+ background the area surrounding the image is the background color
+ black the area surrounding the image is black
+ checker-tile alternate squares with image and background color
+ dither non-random 32x32 dithered pattern
+ edge extend the edge pixel toward infinity
+ gray the area surrounding the image is gray
+ horizontal-tile horizontally tile the image, background color above/below
+ horizontal-tile-edge horizontally tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels
+ mirror mirror tile the image
+ random choose a random pixel from the image
+ tile tile the image (default)
+ transparent the area surrounding the image is transparent blackness
+ vertical-tile vertically tile the image, sides are background color
+ vertical-tile-edge vertically tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels
+ white the area surrounding the image is white
</pre>
<p>The default value is "edge".</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="visual" id="visual"></a>-visual <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="visual"></a>-visual <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Animate images using this X visual type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
<p>Choose from these visual classes:</p>
<pre class="text">
- StaticGray
- GrayScale
- StaticColor
- PseudoColor
- TrueColor
- DirectColor
- default
- visual id
+ StaticGray
+ GrayScale
+ StaticColor
+ PseudoColor
+ TrueColor
+ DirectColor
+ default
+ visual id
</pre>
<p>The X server must support the visual you choose, otherwise an error occurs. If a visual is not specified, the visual class that can display the most simultaneous colors on the default screen is chosen.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="watermark" id="watermark"></a>-watermark <em
+ <h4><a id="watermark"></a>-watermark <em
class="arg">brightness</em>x<em class="arg">saturation</em></h4>
</div>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="wave" id="wave"></a>-wave <em class="arg">amplitude</em><br />-wave <em class="arg">amplitude</em>x<em class="arg">wavelength</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="wave"></a>-wave <em class="arg">amplitude</em><br />-wave <em class="arg">amplitude</em>x<em class="arg">wavelength</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Shear the columns of an image into a sine wave.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>Specify <em class="arg">amplitude</em> and <em class="arg">wavelength</em> of the wave.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="weight" id="weight"></a>-weight <em class="arg">fontWeight</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="weight"></a>-weight <em class="arg">fontWeight</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a font weight for text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#family">-family</a>, <a href="#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="#style">-style</a>. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="white-point" id="white-point"></a>-white-point <em class="arg">x,y</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="white-point"></a>-white-point <em class="arg">x,y</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>chromaticity white point.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="white-threshold" id="white-threshold"></a>-white-threshold <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
+ <h4><a id="white-threshold"></a>-white-threshold <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Force to white all pixels above the threshold while leaving all pixels at or below the threshold unchanged.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="window" id="window"></a>-window <em class="arg">id</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="window"></a>-window <em class="arg">id</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Make the image the background of a window.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
<p>The image will not display on the root window if the image has more unique colors than the target window colormap allows. Use <a href="#colors">-colors</a> to reduce the number of colors.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="window-group" id="window-group"></a>-window-group</h4>
+ <h4><a id="window-group"></a>-window-group</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify the window group.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="write" id="write"></a>-write <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
+ <h4><a id="write"></a>-write <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>write an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>The image sequence preceding the <a href="#write">-write</a> <em class="arg">filename</em> option is written out, and processing continues with the same image in its current state if there are additional options. To restore the image to its original state after writing it, use the <a href="#write">+write</a> <em class="arg">filename</em> option.</p>
<p>Use <a href="#compress">-compress</a> to specify the type of image compression.</p>
-
+</div>
+</div>
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+ <span id="footer-west">© 1999-2011 ImageMagick Studio LLC</span>\r
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projects / imagemagick / blobdiff