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-
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<p class="lead magick-description">Below is list of command-line options recognized by the ImageMagick <a href="command-line-tools.html">command-line tools</a>. If you want a description of a particular option, click on the option name in the navigation bar above and you will go right to it. Unless otherwise noted, each option is recognized by the commands: <a href="convert.html">convert</a> and <a href="mogrify.html">mogrify</a>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="adaptive-blur"></a>-adaptive-blur <var>radius</var>[x<var>sigma</var>]</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="adaptive-blur"></a>-adaptive-blur <var>radius</var>[x<var>sigma</var>]</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Adaptively blur pixels, with decreasing effect near edges.</p>
defaults to 1.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="adaptive-resize"></a>-adaptive-resize <var>geometry</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="adaptive-resize"></a>-adaptive-resize <var>geometry</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Resize the image using data-dependent triangulation.</p>
<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <a href="command-line-options.html#adaptive-resize">-adaptive-resize</a>
-option defaults to data-dependent triangulation. Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> to choose a different resampling algorithm.
-Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are ignored, and the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option has no effect.</p>
+option defaults to data-dependent triangulation. Use the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> to choose a different resampling algorithm.
+Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are ignored, and the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option has no effect.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="adaptive-sharpen"></a>-adaptive-sharpen <var>radius</var>[x<var>sigma</var>]</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="adaptive-sharpen"></a>-adaptive-sharpen <var>radius</var>[x<var>sigma</var>]</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Adaptively sharpen pixels, with increasing effect near edges.</p>
defaults to 1.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="adjoin"></a>-adjoin</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="adjoin"></a>-adjoin</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Join images into a single multi-image file.</p>
who have used the standard <code>printf()</code>' C-library function. As an
example, the command</p>
-<pre>
-convert logo: rose: -morph 15 my%02dmorph.jpg
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert logo: rose: -morph 15 my%02dmorph.jpg
+</code></pre>
<p>will create a sequence of 17 images (the two given plus 15 more created by
<a href="command-line-options.html#morph">-morph</a>), named: my00morph.jpg, my01morph.jpg,
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="affine"></a>-affine
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="affine"></a>-affine
<var>s<sub>x</sub></var>,<var>r<sub>x</sub></var>,<var>r<sub>y</sub></var>,<var>s<sub>y</sub></var>[,<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>,<var>t<sub>y</sub></var>]</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Set the drawing transformation matrix for combined rotating and scaling.</p>
-<p>This option sets a transformation matrix, for use by subsequent <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#transform">-transform</a> options. </p>
+<p>This option sets a transformation matrix, for use by subsequent <a
+href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#transform">-transform</a> options. </p>
<p>The matrix entries are entered as comma-separated numeric values either in
quotes or without spaces. </p>
position (<var>x</var>, <var>y</var>) in the original
image are calculated using the following matrix equation.</p>
-<div class="eqn">
-<img alt="affine transformation" src="../images/affine.png">
-</div>
+<p class="text-center"><img class="img-thumbnail" alt="affine transformation" src="../images/affine.png"/> </p>
<p> The size of the resulting image is that of the smallest rectangle that
-contains the transformed source image. The parameters
+contains the transformed source image. The parameters
<var>t<sub>x</sub></var> and <var>t<sub>y</sub></var>
subsequently shift the image pixels so that those that are moved out of the
image area are cut off.</p>
system: positive <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> directions
are rightward and downward, resp.; positive rotation is clockwise.</p>
-<p> If the translation coefficients <var>t<sub>x</sub></var> and
+<p> If the translation coefficients <var>t<sub>x</sub></var> and
<var>t<sub>y</sub></var> are omitted they default to 0,0. Therefore,
four parameters suffice for rotation and scaling without translation.</p>
-<p>Scaling by the factors <var>s<sub>x</sub></var> and
+<p>Scaling by the factors <var>s<sub>x</sub></var> and
<var>s<sub>y</sub></var> in the <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> directions,
respectively, is accomplished with the following.</p>
-<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#transform">-transform</a>, and the <a href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a> method '<code>Affineprojection</code> for more
+<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#transform">-transform</a>, and the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a> method '<code>Affineprojection</code> for more
information </p>
-<pre>
--affine <var>s<sub>x</sub></var>,0,0,<var>s<sub>y</sub></var>
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-affine <var>s<sub>x</sub></var>,0,0,<var>s<sub>y</sub></var>
+</code></pre>
<p>Translation by a displacement (<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>, <var>t<sub>y</sub></var>) is accomplished like so:</p>
-<pre>
--affine 1,0,0,1,<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>,<var>t<sub>y</sub></var>
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-affine 1,0,0,1,<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>,<var>t<sub>y</sub></var>
+</code></pre>
<p>Rotate clockwise about the origin (the upper left-hand corner) by an angle
<var>a</var> by letting <var>c</var> = cos(<var>a</var>), <var>s</var>
= sin(<var>a</var>), and using the following.</p>
-<pre>
--affine <var>c</var>,<var>s</var>,-<var>s</var>,<var>c</var>
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-affine <var>c</var>,<var>s</var>,-<var>s</var>,<var>c</var>
+</code></pre>
-<p>The cumulative effect of a sequence of <a href="command-line-options.html#affine">-affine</a>
-transformations can be accomplished by instead by a single <a href="command-line-options.html#affine">-affine</a> operation using the matrix equal to the product of the matrices
+<p>The cumulative effect of a sequence of <a href="command-line-options.html#affine" >-affine</a>
+transformations can be accomplished by instead by a single <a href="command-line-options.html#affine"
+>-affine</a> operation using the matrix equal to the product of the matrices
of the individual transformations.</p>
<p>An attempt is made to detect near-singular transformation matrices. If the
matrix determinant has a sufficiently small absolute value it is rejected.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="alpha"></a>-alpha <var>type</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="alpha"></a>-alpha <var>type</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Gives control of the alpha/matte channel of an image.</p>
<p>Used to set a flag on an image indicating whether or not to use existing alpha
channel data, to create an alpha channel, or to perform other operations on the alpha channel. Choose the argument <var>type</var> from the list below.</p>
-
-<div class="table-responsive">
-<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
- <tbody>
- <tr>
- <th>Type</th>
- <th>Description</th>
- </tr>
-
- <tr>
- <td><code>Activate</code> or <code>On</code></td>
- <td>
- Enable the image's transparency channel. Note normally <code>Set</code>
+<dl class="row">
+ <dt class="col-md-4">Activate</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">
+ Enable the image's transparency channel. Note normally Set
should be used instead of this, unless you specifically need to
- preserve existing (but specifically turned <code>Off</code>) transparency
- channel. </td></tr>
+ preserve existing (but specifically turned Off) transparency
+ channel. </dd>
- <tr>
- <td><code>Associate</code></td>
- <td>
- associate the alpha channel with the image.</td></tr>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">Associate</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">
+ associate the alpha channel with the image.</dd>
- <tr>
- <td><code>Deactivate</code> or <code>Off</code></td>
- <td>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">Deactivate</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">
Disables the image's transparency channel. Does not delete or change the
- existing data, just turns off the use of that data.</td></tr>
+ existing data, just turns off the use of that data.</dd>
- <tr>
- <td><code>Disassociate</code></td>
- <td>
- disassociate the alpha channel from the image.</td></tr>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">Disassociate</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">
+ disassociate the alpha channel from the image.</dd>
- <tr>
- <td><code>Set</code></td>
- <td>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">Set</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">
Activates the alpha/matte channel. If it was previously turned off
then it also resets the channel to opaque. If the image already had
- the alpha channel turned on, it will have no effect.</td></tr>
+ the alpha channel turned on, it will have no effect.</dd>
- <tr>
- <td><code>Opaque</code></td>
- <td>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">Opaque</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">
Enables the alpha/matte channel and forces it to be fully opaque.
- </td></tr>
+ </dd>
- <tr>
- <td><code>Transparent</code></td>
- <td>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">Transparent</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">
Activates the alpha/matte channel and forces it to be fully
transparent. This effectively creates a fully transparent image the
same size as the original and with all its original RGB data still
- intact, but fully transparent. </td></tr>
+ intact, but fully transparent. </dd>
- <tr>
- <td><code>Extract</code></td>
- <td>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">Extract</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">
Copies the alpha channel values into all the color channels and turns
- '<code>Off</code>' the the image's transparency, so as to generate
- a gray-scale mask of the image's shape. The alpha channel data is left
- intact just deactivated. This is the inverse of '<code>Copy</code>'.
- </td></tr>
-
- <tr>
- <td><code>Copy</code></td>
- <td>
- Turns '<code>On</code>' the alpha/matte channel, then copies the
- gray-scale intensity of the image, into the alpha channel, converting
- a gray-scale mask into a transparent shaped mask ready to be colored
- appropriately. The color channels are not modified. </td></tr>
-
- <tr>
- <td><code>Shape</code></td>
- <td>
- As per '<code>Copy</code>' but also colors the resulting shape mask with
+ 'Off' the the image's transparency, so as to generate
+ a grayscale mask of the image's shape. The alpha channel data is left
+ intact just deactivated. This is the inverse of 'Copy'.
+ </dd>
+
+ <dt class="col-md-4">Copy</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">
+ Turns 'On' the alpha/matte channel, then copies the
+ grayscale intensity of the image, into the alpha channel, converting
+ a grayscale mask into a transparent shaped mask ready to be colored
+ appropriately. The color channels are not modified. </dd>
+
+ <dt class="col-md-4">Shape</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">
+ As per 'Copy' but also colors the resulting shape mask with
the current background color. That is the RGB color channels is
replaced, with appropriate alpha shape.
- </td></tr>
+ </dd>
- <tr>
- <td><code>Remove</code></td>
- <td>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">Remove</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">
Composite the image over the background color.
- </td></tr>
+ </dd>
- <tr>
- <td><code>Background</code></td>
- <td>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">Background</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">
Set any fully-transparent pixel to the background color, while leaving
it fully-transparent. This can make some image file formats, such as
PNG, smaller as the RGB values of transparent pixels are more uniform,
and thus can compress better.
- </td></tr>
- </tbody>
-</table>
-</div>
+ </dd>
+</dl>
<p>Note that while the obsolete <code>+matte</code> operation was the
-same as "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha">-alpha</a> Off</code>", the <code>
->-matte</code> operation was the same as "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha">-alpha</a>
-Set</code>" and not "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha">-alpha</a> On</code>". </p>
-
+same as "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a> Off</code>", the <code>
+>-matte</code> operation was the same as "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a>
+Set</code>" and not "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a> On</code>". </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="annotate"></a>
- -annotate <var>degrees</var> <var>text</var><br>
- -annotate <var>Xdegrees</var>x<var>Ydegrees</var> <var>text</var><br> -annotate <var>Xdegrees</var>x<var>Ydegrees</var> {+-}<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>{+-}<var>t<sub>y</sub></var> <var>text</var><br> -annotate {+-}<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>{+-}<var>t<sub>y</sub></var> <var>text</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="annotate"></a>
+ -annotate <var>degrees</var> <var>text</var><br />
+ -annotate <var>Xdegrees</var>x<var>Ydegrees</var> <var>text</var><br /> -annotate <var>Xdegrees</var>x<var>Ydegrees</var> {+-}<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>{+-}<var>t<sub>y</sub></var> <var>text</var><br /> -annotate {+-}<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>{+-}<var>t<sub>y</sub></var> <var>text</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Annotate an image with text</p>
<p>The values <var>Xdegrees</var> and <var>Ydegrees</var>
-control the shears applied to the text, while <var>t<sub>x</sub></var> and <var>t<sub>y</sub></var> are offsets that give the location of the text relative any <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting and defaults to the upper left corner of the image.</p>
+control the shears applied to the text, while <var>t<sub>x</sub></var> and <var>t<sub>y</sub></var> are offsets that give the location of the text relative any <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity" >-gravity</a> setting and defaults to the upper left corner of the image.</p>
<p>Using <a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> <var>degrees</var>
or <a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> <var>degrees</var>x<var>degrees</var> produces an unsheared rotation of the text. The
conventionally considered to be <var>downward</var> for images.)</p>
<p>The new (transformed) coordinates (<var>x'</var>, <var>y'</var>) of a pixel at position (<var>x</var>, <var>y</var>) in the image are calculated using the following matrix
-equation.</p> <div class="eqn"><img alt="annotate transformation" src="../images/annotate.png"></div>
+equation.</p>
+
+<p class="text-center"><img class="img-thumbnail" alt="annotate transformation" src="../images/annotate.png"/></p>
<p>If <var>t<sub>x</sub></var> and <var>t<sub>y</sub></var> are omitted, they default to 0. This makes the
bottom-left of the text becomes the upper-left corner of the image, which is
-probably undesirable. Adding a <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option in this
+probably undesirable. Adding a <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity" >-gravity</a> option in this
case leads to nice results.</p>
<p>Text is any UTF-8 encoded character sequence. If <var>text</var>
formatting characters are recognized.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="antialias"></a>-antialias</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="antialias"></a>-antialias</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Enable/Disable of the rendering of anti-aliasing pixels when drawing fonts and lines.</p>
are added when drawing such objects. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="append"></a>-append</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="append"></a>-append</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Join current images vertically or horizontally.</p>
<p>If they are not of the same width, narrower images are padded with the
current <a href="command-line-options.html#background">-background</a> color setting, and their
-position relative to each other can be controlled by the current <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. </p>
+position relative to each other can be controlled by the current <a
+href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="attenuate"></a>-attenuate <var>value</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="attenuate"></a>-attenuate <var>value</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Lessen (or intensify) when adding noise to an image.</p>
<p>If unset the value is equivalent to 1.0, or a maximum noise addition</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="authenticate"></a>-authenticate <var>password</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="authenticate"></a>-authenticate <var>password</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Decrypt a PDF with a password.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="auto-gamma"></a>-auto-gamma</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="auto-gamma"></a>-auto-gamma</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Automagically adjust gamma level of image.</p>
-<p>This calculates the mean values of an image, then applies a calculated <a href="command-line-options.html#gamma">-gamma</a> adjustment so that is the mean color exists in the
-image it will get a have a value of 50%. </p>
+<p>This calculates the mean values of an image, then applies a calculated <a
+href="command-line-options.html#gamma" >-gamma</a> adjustment so that the mean color in the
+image will get a value of 50%. </p>
<p>This means that any solid 'gray' image becomes 50% gray. </p>
dark shadows. It also does not work well for diagrams or cartoon like images.
</p>
-<p>It uses the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting, (including the
+<p>It uses the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
'<var>sync</var>' flag for channel synchronization), to determine which color
-values is used and modified. As the default <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting is '<var>RGB,sync</var>', channels are modified
+values is used and modified. As the default <a href="command-line-options.html#channel"
+>-channel</a> setting is '<var>RGB,sync</var>', channels are modified
together by the same gamma value, preserving colors. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="auto-level"></a>-auto-level</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="auto-level"></a>-auto-level</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Automagically adjust color levels of image.</p>
<p>This is a 'perfect' image normalization operator. It finds the exact
-minimum and maximum color values in the image and then applies a <a href="command-line-options.html#level">-level</a> operator to stretch the values to the full range of
+minimum and maximum color values in the image and then applies a <a
+href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> operator to stretch the values to the full range of
values. </p>
<p>The operator is not typically used for real-life images, image scans, or
JPEG format images, as a single 'out-rider' pixel can set a bad min/max values
-for the <a href="command-line-options.html#level">-level</a> operation. On the other hand it is the
+for the <a href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> operation. On the other hand it is the
right operator to use for color stretching gradient images being used to
generate Color lookup tables, distortion maps, or other 'mathematically'
defined images. </p>
-<p>The operator is very similar to the <a href="command-line-options.html#normalize">-normalize</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#linear-stretch">-linear-stretch</a> operators, but without 'histogram binning' or 'clipping'
-problems that these operators may have. That is <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level">-auto-level</a> is the perfect or ideal version these operators. </p>
+<p>The operator is very similar to the <a href="command-line-options.html#normalize">-normalize</a>, <a
+href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#linear-stretch"
+>-linear-stretch</a> operators, but without 'histogram binning' or 'clipping'
+problems that these operators may have. That is <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level"
+>-auto-level</a> is the perfect or ideal version these operators. </p>
-<p>It uses the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting, (including the
+<p>It uses the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
special '<var>sync</var>' flag for channel synchronization), to determine
-which color values are used and modified. As the default <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">+channel</a> setting is '<var>RGB,sync</var>', the
+which color values are used and modified. As the default <a
+href="command-line-options.html#channel" >+channel</a> setting is '<var>RGB,sync</var>', the
'<var>sync</var>' ensures that the color channels will are modified
together by the same gamma value, preserving colors, and ignoring
transparency. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="auto-orient"></a>-auto-orient</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="auto-orient"></a>-auto-orient</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">adjusts an image so that its orientation is suitable for viewing (i.e. top-left orientation).</p>
camera, however photos taken directly downward or upward may not have an
appropriate value. Also images that have been orientation 'corrected' without
reseting this setting, may be 'corrected' again resulting in a incorrect
-result. If the EXIF profile was previously stripped, the <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-orient">-auto-orient</a> operator will do nothing. </p>
+result. If the EXIF profile was previously stripped, the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#auto-orient" >-auto-orient</a> operator will do nothing. </p>
+<div style="margin: auto;">
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="auto-threshold"></a>-auto-threshold <var>method</var></h3>
+</div>
+
+<p class="magick-description">automatically perform image thresholding.</p>
+
+<p>Here are the valid methods:</p>
+
+<dl class="row">
+<dt class="col-md-4">Undefined</dt><dd class="col-md-8">0: No method specified (equivalent to '<code>OTSU</code>').</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">Kapur</dt><dd class="col-md-8">maximum entropy thresholding.</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">OTSU</dt><dd class="col-md-8">cluster-based image thresholding.</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">Triangle</dt><dd class="col-md-8">a geometric thresholding method.</dd>
+</dl>
+
+<p>The computed threshold is returned as the <kbd>auto-threshold:threshold</kbd> image property.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="average"></a>-average</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="average"></a>-average</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Average a set of images.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="backdrop"></a>-backdrop</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="backdrop"></a>-backdrop</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Display the image centered on a backdrop.</p>
described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="background"></a>-background <var>color</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="background"></a>-background <var>color</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Set the background color.</p>
-<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option. The default background color (if none is
+<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option. The default background color (if none is
specified or found in the image) is white.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="bench"></a>-bench <var>iterations</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="bench"></a>-bench <var>iterations</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Measure performance.</p>
-duration to run the benchmark for a fixed number of seconds and -concurrent
to run the benchmark in parallel (requires the OpenMP feature).</p>
-<pre>
-convert logo: -resize 1000% -bench 5 logo.png
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-> convert logo: -resize 200% -bench 5 logo.png
+Performance[1]: 5i 1.344ips 1.000e 3.710u 0:03.720
+Performance[2]: 5i 1.634ips 0.549e 3.890u 0:03.060
+Performance[3]: 5i 2.174ips 0.618e 3.190u 0:02.300
+Performance[4]: 5i 1.678ips 0.555e 3.810u 0:02.980
Performance[4]: 5i 0.875657ips 6.880u 0:05.710
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
-<p>In this example, 5 iterations were completed at 0.875657 iterations per
-second, using 4 threads and 6.88 seconds of the user's allotted time, for
-a total elapsed time of 5.71 seconds.</p>
+<p>In this example, 5 iterations were completed at 2.174 iterations per
+second, using 3 threads and 3.190 seconds of the user allotted time, for
+a total elapsed time of 2.300 seconds.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="bias"></a>-bias <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="bias"></a>-bias <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Add bias when convolving an image.</p>
-<p>This option shifts the output of <a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> so that
+<p>This option shifts the output of <a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> so that
positive and negative results are relative to the specified bias value. </p>
<p>This is important for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick when dealing
detection. Without an output bias, the negative values are clipped at
zero.</p>
-<p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> is not needed, as ImageMagick is able to store/handle any
+<p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> is not needed, as ImageMagick is able to store/handle any
negative results without clipping to the color value range
(0..QuantumRange).</p>
-<p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a href="high-dynamic-range.html">High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more
-about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this
-<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a>
+<p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a
+href="high-dynamic-range.html" >High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more
+about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a
+href="../Usage/basics/#hdri" >Usage</a> pages or this
+<a
+href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a>
entry. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="black-point-compensation"></a>-black-point-compensation</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="black-point-compensation"></a>-black-point-compensation</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Use black point compensation.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="black-threshold"></a>-black-threshold <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="black-threshold"></a>-black-threshold <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Force to black all pixels below the threshold while leaving all pixels at or above the threshold unchanged.</p>
<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer
value within [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>] corresponding to the
-desired <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> value. See <a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a>for more details on thresholds and resulting values. </p>
+desired <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> value. See <a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a>for more details on thresholds and resulting values. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="blend"></a>-blend <var>geometry</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="blend"></a>-blend <var>geometry</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">blend an image into another by the given absolute value or percent.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="blue-primary"></a>-blue-primary <var>x</var>,<var>y</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="blue-primary"></a>-blue-primary <var>x</var>,<var>y</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Set the blue chromaticity primary point.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="blue-shift"></a>-blue-shift <var>factor</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="blue-shift"></a>-blue-shift <var>factor</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">simulate a scene at nighttime in the moonlight. Start with a factor of 1.5</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="blur"></a>-blur <var>radius</var><br>-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="blur"></a>-blur <var>radius</var><br />-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Reduce image noise and reduce detail levels.</p>
<p>Convolve the image with a Gaussian or normal distribution using the given
-<var>Sigma</var> value. The formula is:</p>
+<var >Sigma</var> value. The formula is:</p>
-<div class="eqn"><img alt="gaussian distribution" width="243px" height="42px" src="../images/gaussian-blur.png">
-</div>
+<p class="text-center"><img class="img-thumbnail" alt="gaussian distribution" width="243px" height="42px" src="../images/gaussian-blur.png"/></p>
-<p>The <var>Sigma</var> value is the important argument, and
+<p>The <var >Sigma</var> value is the important argument, and
determines the actual amount of blurring that will take place. </p>
-<p>The <var>Radius</var> is only used to determine the size of the
+<p>The <var >Radius</var> is only used to determine the size of the
array which will hold the calculated Gaussian distribution. It should be an
integer. If not given, or set to zero, IM will calculate the largest possible
radius that will provide meaningful results for the Gaussian distribution.
</p>
-<p>The larger the <var>Radius</var> the slower the
-operation is. However too small a <var>Radius</var>, and sever
-aliasing effects may result. As a guideline, <var>Radius</var>
-should be at least twice the <var>Sigma</var> value, though three
+<p>The larger the <var >Radius</var> the slower the
+operation is. However too small a <var >Radius</var>, and severe
+aliasing effects may result. As a guideline, <var >Radius</var>
+should be at least twice the <var >Sigma</var> value, though three
times will produce a more accurate result. </p>
<p>This option differs from <a href="command-line-options.html#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a> simply
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header">-blur <var>Width</var>[x<var>Height</var>[+<var>Angle</var>]]</h3>
-</div>
-
-<p class="magick-description">Variably blur an image according to the overlay mapping.</p>
-
-<p>Each pixel in the overlaid region is replaced with an Elliptical Weighted
-Average (EWA) of the source image, scaled according to the grayscale
-mapping. </p>
-
-<p>The ellipse is weighted with sigma set to the given <var>Width</var> and <var>Height</var>. The <var>Height</var>
-defaults to the <var>Width</var> for a normal circular Gaussian
-weighting. The <var>Angle</var> will rotate the ellipse from
-horizontal clock-wise. </p>
-
-<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
-pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
-</p>
-
-
-<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="border"></a>-border <var>geometry</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="border"></a>-border <var>geometry</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Surround the image with a border of color. </p>
<p>As of IM 6.7.8-8, the <var>geometry</var> arguments behave as follows:</p>
-<table id="borderTable">
- <col width="20%"> <col width="80%">
- <thead>
- <tr>
- <th style="text-align:center"><var>size</var></th>
- <th>General description</th>
- </tr>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <tr>
- <td><var>value</var></td>
- <td>value is added to both left/right and top/bottom</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><var>value-x</var>x</td>
- <td>value-x is added only to left/right and top/bottom are unchanged</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>x<var>value-y</var></td>
- <td>value-y is added only to top/bottom and left/right are unchanged</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><var>value-x</var>x<var>value-y</var></td>
- <td>value-x is added to left/right and value-y added to top/bottom</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><var>value-x</var>x<code>0</code></td>
- <td>value-x is added only to left/right and top/bottom are unchanged</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><code>0</code>x<var>value-y</var></td>
- <td>value-y is added only to top/bottom and left/right are unchanged</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td> </td>
- <td> </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><var>value</var>%</td>
- <td>value % of width is added to left/right and value % of height is added to top/bottom</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><var>value-x</var>x%</td>
- <td>value-x % of width is added to left/right and to top/bottom</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>x<var>value-y</var>%</td>
- <td>value-y % of height is added to top/bottom and to left/right</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><var>value-x</var>%x<var>value-y</var>%</td>
- <td>value-x % of width is added to left/right and value-y % of height is added to top/bottom</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><var>value-x</var>%x<code>0</code>%</td>
- <td>value-x % of width is added to left/right and top/bottom are unchanged</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><code>0</code>%x<var>value-y</var>%</td>
- <td>value-y % of height is added to top/bottom and left/right are unchanged</td>
- </tr>
- </tbody>
- </table>
-
+<dl class="row">
+<dt class="col-md-4"><var>value</var></dt>
+<dd class="col-md-8">value is added to both left/right and top/bottom</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"><var>value-x</var><code>x</code></dt>
+<dd class="col-md-8">value-x is added only to left/right and top/bottom are unchanged</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"><code>x</code><var>value-y</var></dt>
+<dd class="col-md-8">value-y is added only to top/bottom and left/right are unchanged</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"><var>value-x</var><code>x</code><var>value-y</var></dt>
+<dd class="col-md-8">value-x is added to left/right and value-y added to top/bottom</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"><var>value-x</var><code>x</code>0</dt>
+<dd class="col-md-8">value-x is added only to left/right and top/bottom are unchanged</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">0<code>x</code><var>value-y</var></dt>
+<dd class="col-md-8">value-y is added only to top/bottom and left/right are unchanged</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"><var>value</var>%</dt>
+<dd class="col-md-8">value % of width is added to left/right and value % of height is added to top/bottom</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"><var>value-x</var><code>x</code>%</dt>
+<dd class="col-md-8">value-x % of width is added to left/right and to top/bottom</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">x<var>value-y</var>%</dt>
+<dd class="col-md-8">value-y % of height is added to top/bottom and to left/right</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"><var>value-x</var>%<code>x</code><var>value-y</var>%</dt>
+<dd class="col-md-8">value-x % of width is added to left/right and value-y % of height is added to top/bottom</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"><var>value-x</var>%<code>x</code>0%</dt>
+<dd class="col-md-8">value-x % of width is added to left/right and top/bottom are unchanged</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">0%<code>x</code><var>value-y</var>%</dt>
+<dd class="col-md-8">value-y % of height is added to top/bottom and left/right are unchanged</dd>
+</dl>
-<p>Set the border color by preceding with the <a href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
+<p>Set the border color by preceding with the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
-<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#border">-border</a> operation is affected by the current <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> setting and assumes that this is using the default
+<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#border">-border</a> operation is affected by the current <a
+href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> setting and assumes that this is using the default
'<code>Over</code>' composition method. It generates an image of the appropriate
size colors by the current <a href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> before
overlaying the original image in the center of this net image. This means that
functionality.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="bordercolor"></a>-bordercolor <var>color</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="bordercolor"></a>-bordercolor <var>color</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Set the border color.</p>
<p>The default border color is <code>#DFDFDF</code>, <span style="background-color: #dfdfdf;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="borderwidth"></a>-borderwidth <var>geometry</var> </h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="borderwidth"></a>-borderwidth <var>geometry</var> </h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Set the border width.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="brightness-contrast"></a>-brightness-contrast <var>brightness</var><br>-brightness-contrast <var>brightness</var>{x<var>contrast</var>}{<var>%</var>}}</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="brightness-contrast"></a>-brightness-contrast <var>brightness</var><br />-brightness-contrast <var>brightness</var>{x<var>contrast</var>}{<var>%</var>}</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Adjust the brightness and/or contrast of the image.</p>
symbol is no different than leaving it off.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="cache"></a>-cache <var>threshold</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="cache"></a>-cache <var>threshold</var></h3>
</div>
-<p class="magick-description">(This option has been replaced by the <a href="command-line-options.html#limit">-limit</a> option).</p>
+<p class="magick-description">(This option has been replaced by the <a href='command-line-options.html#limit'>-limit</a> option).</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="canny"></a>-canny <var>radius</var><br>-canny <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>{<var>+lower-percent</var>}{<var>+upper-percent</var>}</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="canny"></a>-canny <var>radius</var><br/>-canny <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>{<var>+lower-percent</var>}{<var>+upper-percent</var>}</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Canny edge detector uses a multi-stage algorithm to detect a wide range of edges in the image.</p>
<p>The thresholds range from 0 to 100% (e.g. -canny 0x1+10%+30%) with {<var>+lower-percent</var>} < {<var>+upper-percent</var>}. If {<var>+upper-percent</var>} is increased but {<var>+lower-percent</var>} remains the same, lesser edge components will be detected, but their lengths will be the same. If {<var>+lower-percent</var>} is increased but {<var>+upper-percent</var>} is the same, the same number of edge components will be detected but their lengths will be shorter. The default thresholds are shown. The <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var> controls a gaussian blur applied to the input image to reduce noise and smooth the edges.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="caption"></a>-caption <var>string</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="caption"></a>-caption <var>string</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Assign a caption to an image.</p>
option has been given. To modify a caption of images already in memory use
"<code><a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> caption</code>". </p>
-<p>The caption can contain special format characters listed in the <a href="escape.html">Format and
+<p>The caption can contain special format characters listed in the <a
+href="escape.html">Format and
Print Image Properties</a>. These attributes are expanded when the caption
is finally assigned to the individual images. </p>
<p>For example,</p>
-<pre>
--caption "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-caption "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
+</code></pre>
<p>produces an image caption of <code>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</code> (assuming
that the image <code>bird.miff</code> has a width of 512 and a height of
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="cdl"></a>-cdl <var>filename</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="cdl"></a>-cdl <var>filename</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">color correct with a color decision list.</p>
<p>Here is an example color correction collection:</p>
-<pre>
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<pre class="highlight"><code><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ColorCorrectionCollection xmlns="urn:ASC:CDL:v1.2">
<ColorCorrection id="cc06668">
<SOPNode>
</SATNode>
</ColorCorrection>
</ColorCorrectionCollection>
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="channel"></a>-channel <var>type</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="channel"></a>-channel <var>type</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Specify those image color channels to which subsequent operators are limited.</p>
<p>The channels above can also be specified as a comma-separated list or can be
abbreviated as a concatenation of the letters '<code>R</code>', '<code>G</code>',
'<code>B</code>', '<code>A</code>', '<code>O</code>', '<code>C</code>',
-'<code>M</code>', '<code>Y</code>', '<code>K</code>'.
-
-For example, to only select the <code>Red</code> and <code>Blue</code> channels
-you can either use </p>
-<pre>
--channel Red,Blue
-</pre>
-<p>or you can use the short hand form</p>
-<pre>
--channel RB
+'<code>M</code>', '<code>Y</code>', '<code>K</code>'.</p>
+
+<p>The numerals 0 to 31 may also be used to specify channels, where 0 to 5 are: <br />
+'<code>0</code>' equals <code>Red</code> or <code>Cyan</code> <br />
+'<code>1</code>' equals <code>Green</code> or <code>Magenta</code> <br />
+'<code>2</code>' equals <code>Blue</code> or <code>Yellow</code> <br />
+'<code>3</code>' equals <code>Black</code> <br />
+'<code>4</code>' equals <code>Alpha</code> or <code>Opacity</code> <br />
+'<code>5</code>' equals <code>Index</code></p>
+
+<p>For example, to only select the <code>Red</code> and <code>Blue</code> channels
+you can use any of the following:</p>
+<pre class="highlight">
+<code>-channel Red,Blue</code>
+<code>-channel R,B</code>
+<code>-channel RB</code>
+<code>-channel 0,2</code>
</pre>
<p>All the channels that are present in an image can be specified using the
but generally any operators that are generally 'grey-scale' image operators,
will understand this setting. See individual operator documentation. </p>
-<br>
+<br/>
<p>On top of the normal channel selection an extra flag can be specified,
'<code>Sync</code>'. This is turned on by default and if set means that
<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#morphology">-morphology</a> '<code>Convolve</code>' method
and the <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> mathematical methods, also understands
-the '<code>Sync</code>' flag to modify the behaviour of pixel colors according
+the '<code>Sync</code>' flag to modify the behavior of pixel colors according
to the alpha channel (if present). That is to say it will modify the image
processing with the understanding that fully-transparent colors should not
contribute to the final result. </p>
<p>To print a complete list of channel types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
channel</a>.</p>
-<br>
-
<p>By default, ImageMagick sets <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> to the value
'<code>RGBK,sync</code>', which specifies that operators act on all color
channels except the transparency channel, and that all the color channels are
to be modified in exactly the same way, with an understanding of transparency
-(depending on the operation being applied). The 'plus' form <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">+channel</a> will reset the value back to this default. </p>
+(depending on the operation being applied). The 'plus' form <a
+href="command-line-options.html#channel" >+channel</a> will reset the value back to this default. </p>
-<p>Options that are affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting
+<p>Options that are affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting
include the following.
<a href="command-line-options.html#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a>,
<a href="command-line-options.html#white-threshold">-white-threshold</a>.
</p>
-<p>Warning, some operators behave differently when the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">+channel</a> default setting is in effect, verses ANY user defined <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting (including the equivalent of the
+<p>Warning, some operators behave differently when the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel"
+>+channel</a> default setting is in effect, verses ANY user defined <a
+href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting (including the equivalent of the
default). These operators have yet to be made to understand the newer 'Sync'
flag. </p>
-<p>For example <a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">-threshold</a> will by default gray-scale
-the image before thresholding, if no <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting
+<p>For example <a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">-threshold</a> will by default grayscale
+the image before thresholding, if no <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting
has been defined. This is not 'Sync flag controlled, yet. </p>
-<p>Also some operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a>, will modify their handling of the
-color channels if the '<code>alpha</code>' channel is also enabled by <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>. Generally this done to ensure that
+<p>Also some operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a>, <a
+href="command-line-options.html#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a>, will modify their handling of the
+color channels if the '<code>alpha</code>' channel is also enabled by <a
+href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a>. Generally this done to ensure that
fully-transparent colors are treated as being fully-transparent, and thus any
underlying 'hidden' color has no effect on the final results. Typically
resulting in 'halo' effects. The newer <a href="command-line-options.html#morphology">-morphology</a>
<p>As a alpha channel is optional within images, some operators will read the
color channels of an image as a greyscale alpha mask, when the image has no
-alpha channel present, and the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting tells
-the operator to apply the operation using alpha channels. The <a href="command-line-options.html#clut">-clut</a> operator is a good example of this. </p>
+alpha channel present, and the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting tells
+the operator to apply the operation using alpha channels. The <a
+href="command-line-options.html#clut">-clut</a> operator is a good example of this. </p>
+
+<div style="margin: auto;">
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="channel-fx"></a>-channel-fx <var>expression</var></h3>
+</div>
+<p class="magick-description">exchange, extract, or copy one or more image channels.</p>
+<p>The expression consists of one or more channels, either mnemonic or numeric (e.g. red or 0, green or 1, etc.), separated by certain operation symbols as follows:</p>
+
+<pre class="highlight"><code><=> exchange two channels (e.g. red<=>blue)
+=> copy one channel to another channel (e.g. red=>green)
+= assign a constant value to a channel (e.g. red=50%)
+, write new image with channels in the specified order (e.g. red, green)
+; add a new output image for the next set of channel operations (e.g. red; green; blue)
+| move to the next input image for the source of channel data (e.g. | gray=>alpha)
+</code></pre>
+
+<p>For example, to create 3 grayscale images from the red, green, and blue channels of an image, use:</p>
+
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-channel-fx "red; green; blue"
+</code></pre>
+
+<p>A channel without an operation symbol implies separate (i.e, semicolon).</p>
+
+<p>Here we take an sRGB image and a grayscale image and inject the grayscale image into the alpha channel:</p>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert wizard.png mask.pgm -channel-fx '| gray=>alpha' wizard-alpha.png
+</code></pre>
+<p>Use a similar command to define a read mask:</p>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert wizard.png mask.pgm -channel-fx '| gray=>read-mask' wizard-mask.png
+</code></pre>
+
+<p>Add <code>-debug pixel</code> prior to the <code>-channel-fx</code> option to track the channel morphology.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="charcoal"></a>-charcoal <var>factor</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="charcoal"></a>-charcoal <var>factor</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Simulate a charcoal drawing.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="chop"></a>-chop <var>geometry</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="chop"></a>-chop <var>geometry</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Remove pixels from the interior of an image.</p>
<p>While it can remove internal rows and columns of pixels, it is more
typically used with as <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting and zero
-offsets so as to remove a single edge from an image. Compare this to <a href="command-line-options.html#shave">-shave</a> which removes equal numbers of pixels from oppisite
+offsets so as to remove a single edge from an image. Compare this to <a
+href="command-line-options.html#shave" >-shave</a> which removes equal numbers of pixels from opposite
sides of the image. </p>
-<p>Using <a href="command-line-options.html#chop">-chop</a> effectively undoes the results of a <a href="command-line-options.html#splice">-splice</a> that was given the same <var>geometry</var> and <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> settings. </p>
+<p>Using <a href="command-line-options.html#chop">-chop</a> effectively undoes the results of a <a
+href="command-line-options.html#splice">-splice</a> that was given the same <var>geometry</var> and <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> settings. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clamp"></a>-clamp</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="clamp"></a>-clamp</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">set each pixel whose value is below zero to zero and any the pixel whose value is above the quantum range to the quantum range (e.g. 65535) otherwise the pixel value remains unchanged.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clip"></a>-clip</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="clip"></a>-clip</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Apply the clipping path if one is present.</p>
<p>For example, in the command</p>
-<pre>
-convert cockatoo.tif -clip -negate negated.tif
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert cockatoo.tif -clip -negate negated.tif
+</code></pre>
<p>only the pixels within the clipping path are negated.</p>
<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#clip">+clip</a> to disable clipping for subsequent operations.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clip-mask"></a>-clip-mask</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="clip-mask"></a>-clip-mask</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Clip the image as defined by this mask.</p>
modified per the requirements of the operator. </p>
<p>In some ways this is similar to (though not the same) as defining
-a rectangular <a href="command-line-options.html#region">-region</a>, or using the negative of the
-mask (third) image in a three image <a href="command-line-options.html#composite">-composite</a>,
+a rectangular <a href="command-line-options.html#region" >-region</a>, or using the negative of the
+mask (third) image in a three image <a href="command-line-options.html#composite" >-composite</a>,
operation. </p>
<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#clip-mask">+clip-mask</a> to disable clipping for subsequent operations.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clip-path"></a>-clip-path <var>id</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="clip-path"></a>-clip-path <var>id</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Clip along a named path from the 8BIM profile.</p>
<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#clip-path">+clip-path</a> to disable clipping for subsequent operations.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clone"></a>-clone <var>index(s)</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="clone"></a>-clone <var>index(s)</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">make a clone of an image (or images).</p>
'<code>−1</code>'. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clut"></a>-clut</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="clut"></a>-clut</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Replace the channel values in the first image using each corresponding channel in the second image as a <b>c</b>olor <b>l</b>ook<b>u</b>p <b>t</b>able.</p>
than a single row or column, values are taken from a diagonal line from
top-left to bottom-right corners.</p>
-<p>The lookup is further controlled by the <a href="command-line-options.html#interpolate">-interpolate</a> setting, which is especially handy for an
+<p>The lookup is further controlled by the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#interpolate">-interpolate</a> setting, which is especially handy for an
LUT which is not the full length needed by the ImageMagick installed Quality
(Q) level. Good settings for this are the '<code>bilinear</code>' and
'<code>bicubic</code>' interpolation settings, which give smooth color
specific color gradient from the CLUT image. </p>
<p>Only the channel values defined by the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>
-setting will have their values replaced. In particular, since the default <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting is <code>RGB</code>, this means that
-transparency (alpha/matte channel) is not affected, unless the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting is modified. When the alpha channel is
-set, it is treated by the <a href="command-line-options.html#clut">-clut</a> operator in the same way
+setting will have their values replaced. In particular, since the default <a
+href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting is <code>RGB</code>, this means that
+transparency (alpha/matte channel) is not affected, unless the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting is modified. When the alpha channel is
+set, it is treated by the <a href="command-line-options.html#clut" >-clut</a> operator in the same way
as the other channels, implying that alpha/matte values are replaced using the
alpha/matte values of the original image. </p>
<p>If either the image being modified, or the lookup image, contains no
-transparency (i.e. <a href="command-line-options.html#alpha">-alpha</a> is turned 'off') but the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting includes alpha replacement, then it is
-assumed that image represents a gray-scale gradient which is used for the
-replacement alpha values. That is you can use a gray-scale CLUT image to
-adjust a existing images alpha channel, or you can color a gray-scale image
+transparency (i.e. <a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a> is turned 'off') but the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting includes alpha replacement, then it is
+assumed that image represents a grayscale gradient which is used for the
+replacement alpha values. That is you can use a grayscale CLUT image to
+adjust a existing images alpha channel, or you can color a grayscale image
using colors form CLUT containing the desired colors, including transparency.
</p>
-<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#hald-clut">-hald-clut</a> which replaces colors
+<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#hald-clut" >-hald-clut</a> which replaces colors
according to the lookup of the full color RGB value from a 2D representation
of a 3D color cube. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="coalesce"></a>-coalesce</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="coalesce"></a>-coalesce</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Fully define the look of each frame of an GIF animation sequence, to form a 'film strip' animation.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="colorize"></a>-colorize <var>value</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="colorize"></a>-colorize <var>value</var></h3>
</div>
-<p class="magick-description">Colorize the image by an amount specified by <var>value</var> using the color specified by the most recent <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> setting.</p>
+<p class="magick-description">Colorize the image by an amount specified by <var>value</var> using the color specified by the most recent <a href="command-line-options.html#fill" >-fill</a> setting.</p>
<p>Specify the amount of colorization as a percentage. Separate colorization
values can be applied to the red, green, and blue channels of the image with
values (e.g., <code>-colorize 0,0,50</code>).</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="colormap"></a>-colormap <var>type</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="colormap"></a>-colormap <var>type</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Define the colormap type.</p>
when the image colormap is installed.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="colors"></a>-colors <var>value</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="colors"></a>-colors <var>value</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Set the preferred number of colors in the image.</p>
palette may be altered. When converting an image from color to grayscale,
it is more efficient to convert the image to the gray colorspace before
reducing the number of colors. Refer to
-the <a href="quantize.html">
+the <a href="../www/quantize.html">
color reduction algorithm</a> for more details.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="color-matrix"></a>-color-matrix <var>matrix</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="color-matrix"></a>-color-matrix <var>matrix</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">apply color correction to the image.</p>
<p>As an example, to add contrast to an image with offsets, try this command:</p>
-<pre>
-convert kittens.jpg -color-matrix \
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert kittens.jpg -color-matrix \
" 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
0.0 1.5 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
0.0 0.0 1.5 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 \
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 \
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, 1.0" kittens.png
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="colorspace"></a>-colorspace <var>value</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="colorspace"></a>-colorspace <var>value</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Set the image colorspace.</p>
<p>Choices are:</p>
-<pre>
-CMY CMYK Gray HCL
+<pre class="highlight"><code>CMY CMYK Gray HCL
HCLp HSB HSI HSL
HSV HWB Lab LCHab
LCHuv LMS Log Luv
OHTA Rec601YCbCr Rec709YCbCr RGB
scRGB sRGB Transparent xyY
XYZ YCbCr YCC YDbDr
-YIQ YPbPr YUV
-</pre>
+YIQ YPbPr YUV Undefined
+</code></pre>
<p>To print a complete list of colorspaces, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list colorspace</a>.</p>
<p>For a more accurate color conversion to or from the linear RGB, CMYK, or grayscale colorspaces, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a> option. Note, ImageMagick assumes the sRGB colorspace if the image format does not indicate otherwise. For colorspace conversion, the gamma function is first removed to produce linear RGB.</p>
-<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
+<table class="table table-sm table-striped">
<caption>Conversion of RGB to Other Color Spaces</caption>
<tr><th valign="middle">CMY</th></tr>
<tr><td valign="middle">C=<var>QuantumRange</var>−R</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="middle">Y=<var>QuantumRange</var>*(Y−K)/(<var>QuantumRange</var>−K)</td></tr>
<tr><th valign="middle">Gray</th></tr>
- <tr><td valign="middle">Gray = 0.298839*R+0.586811*G+0.114350*B</td></tr>
+ <tr><td valign="middle">Gray = 0.212656*R+0.715158*G+0.072186*B</td></tr>
<tr><th valign="middle">HSB — Hue, Saturation, Brightness; like a cone peak downward</th></tr>
<tr><td valign="middle">H=angle around perimeter (0 to 360 deg); H=0 is red; increasing angles toward green</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="middle">L (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="middle">A (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="middle">B (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
+ <tr><th valign="middle">LinearGray</th></tr>
+ <tr><td valign="middle">LinearGray = 0.298839*R+0.586811*G+0.114350*B</td></tr>
<tr><th valign="middle">LOG</th></tr>
<tr><td valign="middle">I1 (complicated equation involving logarithm of R)</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.212656*R+0.715158*G+0.072186*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
<tr><td valign="middle">Cb=(−0.114572*R−0.385428*G+0.500000*B)+(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000*R−0.454153*G−0.045847*B)+(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
-
<tr><th valign="middle">sRGB</th></tr>
- <tr><td valign="middle">if R ≤ .0.0031308 then Rs=R/12.92 else Rs=1.055 R ^ (1.0 / 2.4) ? 0.055</td></tr>
- <tr><td valign="middle">if G ≤ .0.0031308 then Gs=B/12.92 else Gs=1.055 R ^ (1.0 / 2.4) ? 0.055</td></tr>
- <tr><td valign="middle">if B ≤ .0.0031308 then Bs=B/12.92 else Bs=1.055 R ^ (1.0 / 2.4) ? 0.055</td></tr>
+ <tr><td valign="middle">if R ≤ .0.0031308 then Rs=R/12.92 else Rs=1.055 R ^ (1.0 / 2.4) - 0.055</td></tr>
+ <tr><td valign="middle">if G ≤ .0.0031308 then Gs=B/12.92 else Gs=1.055 R ^ (1.0 / 2.4) - 0.055</td></tr>
+ <tr><td valign="middle">if B ≤ .0.0031308 then Bs=B/12.92 else Bs=1.055 R ^ (1.0 / 2.4) - 0.055</td></tr>
<tr><th valign="middle">XYZ</th></tr>
<tr><td valign="middle">X=0.4124564*R+0.3575761*G+0.1804375*B</td></tr>
<p>Note the scRGB colorspace requires HDRI support otherwise it behaves just like linear RGB.</p>
+<p>Use the <code>Undefined</code> colorspace to identify multi-spectral images.</p>
+
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="combine"></a>-combine</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="combine"></a>-combine</h3>
+ <h3>+combine <var>colorspace</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Combine one or more images into a single image.</p>
means the first image is assigned to the <code>Red</code> channel, the second
to the <code>Green</code> channel, the third to the <code>Blue</code>.</p>
-<p>This option can be thought of as the inverse to <a href="command-line-options.html#separate">-separate</a>, so long as the channel settings are the same.
+<p>This option can be thought of as the inverse to <a
+href="command-line-options.html#separate">-separate</a>, so long as the channel settings are the same.
Thus, in the following example, the final image should be a copy of the
original. </p>
-<pre>
-convert original.png -channel RGB -separate sepimage.png
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert original.png -channel RGB -separate sepimage.png
convert sepimage-0.png sepimage-1.png sepimage-2.png -channel RGB \
-combine imagecopy.png
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="comment"></a>-comment <var>string</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="comment"></a>-comment <var>string</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Embed a comment in an image.</p>
option has been given. To modify a comment of images already in memory use
"<code><a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> comment</code>". </p>
-<p>The comment can contain special format characters listed in the <a href="escape.html">Format and
+<p>The comment can contain special format characters listed in the <a
+href="escape.html">Format and
Print Image Properties</a>. These attributes are expanded when the comment
is finally assigned to the individual images. </p>
<p>For example,</p>
-<pre>
--comment "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-comment "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
+</code></pre>
<p>produces an image comment of <code>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</code> (assuming
that the image <code>bird.miff</code> has a width of 512 and a height of
480.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="compare"></a>-compare</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="compare"></a>-compare</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">mathematically and visually annotate the difference between an image and its reconstruction</p>
<p>This is a convert version of "<code>compare</code>" for two same sized images. The syntax is as follows, but other metrics are allowed.</p>
-<pre>
-convert image.png reference.png -metric RMSE -compare \ <br> difference.png
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert image.png reference.png -metric RMSE -compare \ <br/> difference.png
+</code></pre>
<p>To get the metric value use the string format "%[distortion]".</p>
-<pre>
-convert image.png reference.png -metric RMSE -compare -format \
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert image.png reference.png -metric RMSE -compare -format \
"%[distortion]" info:
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="complex"></a>-complex <var>operator</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="complex"></a>-complex <var>operator</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">perform complex mathematics on an image sequence</p>
Choose from these operators:
-<pre>
-add
+<pre class="highlight"><code>add
conjugate
divide
-magnuitude-phase
+magnitude-phase
multiply
real-imaginary
subtract
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
<p>Optionally specify the <code>divide</code> operator SNR with <code><a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> complex:snr=float</code>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="compose"></a>-compose <var>operator</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="compose"></a>-compose <var>operator</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Set the type of image composition.</p>
-<p>See <a href="compose.html">Alpha Compositing</a> for
+<p>See <a href="../www/compose.html">Alpha Compositing</a> for
a detailed discussion of alpha compositing.</p>
-<p>This setting effects image processing operators that merge two (or more)
+<p>This setting affects image processing operators that merge two (or more)
images together in some way. This includes the operators,
<a href="command-line-options.html#composite">-compare</a>,
<a href="command-line-options.html#composite">-composite</a>,
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="composite"></a>-composite</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="composite"></a>-composite</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Perform alpha composition on two images and an optional mask</p>
<p>Take the first image 'destination' and overlay the second 'source' image
according to the current <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> setting. The location
-of the 'source' or 'overlay' image is controlled according to <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-geometry</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-geometry</a>
+of the 'source' or 'overlay' image is controlled according to <a
+href="command-line-options.html#gravity" >-gravity</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry" >-geometry</a>
settings. </p>
-<p>If a third image is given this is treated as a gray-scale blending 'mask' image
+<p>If a third image is given this is treated as a grayscale blending 'mask' image
relative to the first 'destination' image. This mask is blended with the
source image. However for the '<code>displace</code>' compose method, the
mask is used to provide a separate Y-displacement image instead. </p>
<p>If a <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> method requires extra numerical
-arguments or flags these can be provided by setting the <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>option:compose:args</code>'
+arguments or flags these can be provided by setting the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>option:compose:args</code>'
appropriately for the compose method. </p>
<p>Some <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> methods can modify the 'destination'
-image outside the overlay area. You can disable this by setting the special <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>option:compose:outside-overlay</code>'
+image outside the overlay area. You can disable this by setting the special <a
+href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>option:compose:outside-overlay</code>'
to '<code>false</code>'. </p>
<p>The SVG compositing specification requires that color and opacity values range between zero and QuantumRange inclusive. You can permit values outside this range with this option: <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>option:compose:clamp=false</code></p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="compress"></a>-compress <var>type</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="compress"></a>-compress <var>type</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Use pixel compression specified by <var>type</var> when writing the image.</p>
-<p>Choices are: <code>None</code>, <code>BZip</code>, <code>Fax</code>, <code>Group4</code>, <code>JPEG</code>, <code>JPEG2000</code>, <code>Lossless</code>, <code>LZW</code>, <code>RLE</code> or <code>Zip</code>.</p>
+<p>Choices are: <code>None</code>, <code>BZip</code>, <code
+>Fax</code>, <code>Group4</code>, <code
+>JPEG</code>, <code>JPEG2000</code>, <code
+>Lossless</code>, <code>LZW</code>, <code
+>RLE</code> or <code>Zip</code>.</p>
<p>To print a complete list of compression types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
compress</a>.</p>
the chroma channels.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="connected-components"></a>-connected-components <var>connectivity</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="connected-components"></a>-connected-components <var>connectivity</var></h3>
</div>
-<p class="magick-description">connected-components uniquely labeled, choose from 4 or 8 way connectivity.</p>
+<p class="magick-description"><a href="connected-components.html">connected-components</a> labeling detects connected regions in an image, choose from 4 or 8 way connectivity.</p>
-<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> connected-components:verbose=true</code> to output statistics associated with each unique label.</p>
+<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> connected-components:verbose=true</code> to output statistics associated with each unique label.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="contrast"></a>-contrast</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="contrast"></a>-contrast</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Enhance or reduce the image contrast.</p>
<p>For a more pronounced effect you can repeat the option:</p>
-<pre>
-convert rose: -contrast -contrast rose_c2.png
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert rose: -contrast -contrast rose_c2.png
+</code></pre>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="contrast-stretch"></a>-contrast-stretch <var>black-point</var><br>-contrast-stretch <var>black-point</var>{x<var>white-point</var>}{<var>%</var>}}</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="contrast-stretch"></a>-contrast-stretch <var>black-point</var><br />-contrast-stretch <var>black-point</var>{x<var>white-point</var>}{<var>%</var>}</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Increase the contrast in an image by <var>stretching</var> the range of intensity values.</p>
<p>While performing the stretch, black-out at most <var>black-point</var> pixels and white-out at most <var>white-point</var> pixels. Or, if percent is used, black-out at most
-<var>black-point %</var> pixels and white-out at most <var>white-point %</var> pixels.</p>
+<var >black-point %</var> pixels and white-out at most <var>white-point %</var> pixels.</p>
-<p>Prior to ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a> will black-out at most <var>black-point</var> pixels and white-out at most <var>total pixels
+<p>Prior to ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch"
+>-contrast-stretch</a> will black-out at most <var>black-point</var> pixels and white-out at most <var >total pixels
minus white-point</var> pixels. Or, if percent is used, black-out at most <var>black-point %</var> pixels and white-out at most <var>100% minus white-point %</var> pixels.</p>
<p>Note that <code>-contrast-stretch 0</code> will modify the image such that
the image's min and max values are stretched to 0 and <var>QuantumRange</var>, respectively, without any loss of data due to burn-out or
-clipping at either end. This is not the same as <a href="command-line-options.html#normalize">-normalize</a>, which is equivalent to <code>-contrast-stretch 0.15x0.05%</code> (or
+clipping at either end. This is not the same as <a href="command-line-options.html#normalize"
+>-normalize</a>, which is equivalent to <code>-contrast-stretch 0.15x0.05%</code> (or
prior to ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <code>-contrast-stretch 2%x99%</code>).</p>
<p>Internally operator works by creating a histogram bin, and then uses that
bin to modify the image. As such some colors may be merged together when they
originally fell into the same 'bin'. </p>
-<p>All the channels are normalized in concert by the came amount so as to
-preserve color integrity, when the default <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">+channel</a>
-setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>
+<p>All the channels are normalized in concert by the same amount so as to
+preserve color integrity, when the default <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >+channel</a>
+setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a>
setting will normalize the RGB channels independently.</p>
-<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level">-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect'
+<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect'
normalization of mathematical images. </p>
<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="convolve"></a>-convolve <var>kernel</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="convolve"></a>-convolve <var>kernel</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Convolve an image with a user-supplied convolution kernel.</p>
supported, and therefore the number of entries in the specified <var>kernel</var> must be 3<sup>2</sup>=9, 5<sup>2</sup>=25,
7<sup>2</sup>=49, etc. </p>
-<p>Note that the <a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> operator supports the <a href="command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> setting. This option shifts the convolution so that
+<p>Note that the <a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> operator supports the <a href="command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> setting. This option shifts the convolution so that
positive and negative results are relative to a user-specified bias value.
This is important for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick when dealing with
convolutions that contain negative as well as positive values. This is
detection. Without an output bias, the negative values is clipped at zero.
</p>
-<p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> is not needed, as ImageMagick is able to store/handle any
+<p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> is not needed, as ImageMagick is able to store/handle any
negative results without clipping to the color value range (0..QuantumRange).
-See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a href="high-dynamic-range.html">High
-Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this
+See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a
+href="high-dynamic-range.html">High
+Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a
+href="../Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a>
entry. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="crop"></a>-crop <var>geometry</var>{<var>@</var>}{<var>!</var>}</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="copy"></a>-copy <var>geometry</var> <var>offset</var></h3>
+</div>
+
+<p class="magick-description">copy pixels from one area of an image to another.</p>
+
+<div style="margin: auto;">
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="crop"></a>-crop <var>geometry</var>{<var>@</var>}{<var>!</var>}</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Cut out one or more rectangular regions of the image.</p>
left corner of the image. If the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is
present with <code>NorthEast</code>, <code>East</code>, or <code>SouthEast</code>
gravity, it gives the distance leftward from the right edge of the image to
-the right edge of the cropping region. Similarly, if the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is present with <code>SouthWest</code>,
+the right edge of the cropping region. Similarly, if the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is present with <code>SouthWest</code>,
<code>South</code>, or <code>SouthEast</code> gravity, the distance is measured
upward between the bottom edges.</p>
special single pixel transparent 'missed' image is returned, and a 'crop
missed' warning given. </p>
-<p>It might be necessary to <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">+repage</a> the image prior to
+<p>It might be necessary to <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a> the image prior to
cropping the image to ensure the crop coordinate frame is relocated to the
upper-left corner of the visible image.
-Similarly you may want to use <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">+repage</a> after cropping to
+Similarly you may want to use <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a> after cropping to
remove the page offset that will be left behind. This is especially true when
you are going to write to an image format such as PNG that supports an image
offset.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="cycle"></a>-cycle <var>amount</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="cycle"></a>-cycle <var>amount</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">displace image colormap by amount.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="debug"></a>-debug <var>events</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="debug"></a>-debug <var>events</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">enable debug printout.</p>
<p>For example, to log cache and blob events, use.</p>
-<pre>
-convert -debug "Cache,Blob" rose: rose.png
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert -debug "Cache,Blob" rose: rose.png
+</code></pre>
<p>The <code>User</code> domain is normally empty, but developers can log user
events in their private copy of ImageMagick.</p>
<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#debug">+debug</a> to turn off all logging.</p>
-<p>Debugging may also be set using the <code>MAGICK_DEBUG</code> <a href="resources.html#environment">environment variable</a>. The allowed values for the <code>MAGICK_DEBUG</code>
+<p>Debugging may also be set using the <code>MAGICK_DEBUG</code> <a href="resources.html#environment"
+>environment variable</a>. The allowed values for the <code>MAGICK_DEBUG</code>
environment variable are the same as for the <a href="command-line-options.html#debug">-debug</a>
option.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="decipher"></a>-decipher <var>filename</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="decipher"></a>-decipher <var>filename</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Decipher and restore pixels that were previously transformed by <a href="command-line-options.html#encipher">-encipher</a>.</p>
<p>Get the passphrase from the file specified by <var>filename</var>.</p>
-<p>For more information, see the webpage, <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/cipher.html">ImageMagick: Encipher or
+<p>For more information, see the webpage, <a
+href="../www/cipher.html">ImageMagick: Encipher or
Decipher an Image</a>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="deconstruct"></a>-deconstruct</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="deconstruct"></a>-deconstruct</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">find areas that has changed between images </p>
-<p>Given a sequence of images all the same size, such as produced by <a href="command-line-options.html#coalesce">-coalesce</a>, replace the second and later images, with
+<p>Given a sequence of images all the same size, such as produced by <a
+href="command-line-options.html#coalesce">-coalesce</a>, replace the second and later images, with
a smaller image of just the area that changed relative to the previous image.
</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="define"></a>-define <var>key</var>{<var>=value</var>}<var>...</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="define"></a>-define <var>key</var>{<var>=value</var>}<var>...</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">add specific global settings generally used to control coders and image processing operations.</p>
<p>This option creates one or more definitions for coders and decoders to use
while reading and writing image data. Definitions are generally used to
control image file format coder modules, and image processing operations,
-beyond what is provided by normal means. Defined settings are listed in <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose">-verbose</a> information ("<code>info:</code>" output format)
+beyond what is provided by normal means. Defined settings are listed in <a
+href="command-line-options.html#verbose" >-verbose</a> information ("<code>info:</code>" output format)
as "Artifacts". </p>
<p>If <var>value</var> is missing for a definition, an empty-valued
previously created. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#define">+define "*"</a> to remove all
existing definitions.</p>
-<p>The same 'artifact' settings can also be defined using the <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set "option:<var>key</var>" "<var>value</var>"</a> option, which also allows the use of <a href="escape.html">Format and Print Image
+<p>The same 'artifact' settings can also be defined using the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#set" >-set "option:<var>key</var>" "<var>value</var>"</a> option, which also allows the use of <a href="escape.html" >Format and Print Image
Properties</a> in the defined value. </p>
<p>The <var>option</var> and <var>key</var> are case-independent (they are
<p>The following definitions are just some of the artifacts that are
available:</p>
-<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
+<table class="table table-sm table-striped">
+ <tr>
+ <td>bmp3:alpha=<var>true|false</var></td>
+ <td>include any alpha channel when writing in the BMP image format.</td>
+ </tr>
+
<tr>
<td>bmp:format=<var>value</var></td>
<td> valid values are <var>bmp2</var>, <var>bmp3</var>,
is not available, such as when using the <a href="mogrify.html">mogrify</a> utility.</td>
</tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>bmp:subtype=<var>RGB555|RGB565|ARGB4444|ARGB1555</var></td>
+ <td>BMP channel depth subtypes. Only support in BMP (BMP4). BMP3 and BMP2 do not
+ contain header fields to support these options.</td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr>
+ <td>colorspace:auto-grayscale=<var>on|off</var></td>
+ <td>prevent automatic conversion to grayscale inside coders that support
+ grayscale. This should be accompanied by -type truecolor. PNG and TIF do
+ not need this define. With PNG, just use PNG24:image. With TIF, just use
+ -type truecolor. JPG and PSD will need this define.</td>
+ </tr>
+
<tr>
<td>complex:snr=<var>value</var></td>
<td>Set the divide SNR constant<a href="command-line-options.html#complex">-complex</a></td>
<tr>
<td>compose:args=<var>arguments</var></td>
<td>Sets certain compose argument values when using convert ... -compose ...
- -composite. See <a href="compose.html">Image Composition</a></td>
+ -composite. See <a href="compose.html"
+ >Image Composition</a></td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr>
+ <td>compose:clamp=<var>on|off</var></td>
+ <td>set each pixel whose value is below zero to zero and any the pixel
+ whose value is above the quantum range to the quantum range (e.g. 65535)
+ otherwise the pixel value remains unchanged. Define supported in
+ ImageMagick 6.9.1-3 and above.</td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr>
+ <td>connected-components:area-threshold=<var>value</var></td>
+ <td>Merges any region with area smaller than <var>value</var> into its surrounding region or largest neighbor.</td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr>
+ <td>connected-components:keep=<var>list-of-ids</var></td>
+ <td>Comma and/or hyphenated list of id values to keep in the output.
+ Supported in Imagemagick 6.9.3-0.</td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr>
+ <td>connected-components:mean-color=<var>true</var></td>
+ <td>Changes the output image from id values to mean color values. Supported
+ in Imagemagick 6.9.2-8.</td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr>
+ <td>connected-components:remove=<var>list-of-ids</var></td>
+ <td>Comma and/or hyphenated list of id values to remove from the output.
+ Supported in Imagemagick 6.9.2-9.</td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr>
+ <td>connected-components:verbose=<var>true</var></td>
+ <td>Lists id, bounding box, centroid, area, mean color for each region.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>convolve:scale=<var>{kernel_scale}[!^] [,{origin_addition}] [%]</var></td>
- <td>Defines the kernel scaling. The special flag ! automatically scales to
- full dynamic range. The ! flag can be used in combination with a factor or
- percent. The factor or percent is then applied after the automatic scaling.
- An example is 50%!. This produces a result 50% darker than full dynamic
- range scaling. The ^ flag assures the kernel is 'zero-summing', for
+ <td>Defines the kernel scaling. The special flag ! automatically scales to
+ full dynamic range. The ! flag can be used in combination with a factor or
+ percent. The factor or percent is then applied after the automatic scaling.
+ An example is 50%!. This produces a result 50% darker than full dynamic
+ range scaling. The ^ flag assures the kernel is 'zero-summing', for
example when some values are positive and some are negative as in edge
detection kernels. The origin addition adds that value to the center
- pixel of the kernel. This produces and effect that is like adding the image
+ pixel of the kernel. This produces an effect that is like adding the image
that many times to the result of the filtered image. The typical value
is 1 so that the original image is added to the result of the convolution.
The default is 0.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
- <td>convolve:showkernel=<var>1</var></td>
- <td>Outputs (to 'standard error') all the information about a specified <a href="command-line-options.html#morphology">-morphology convolve</a> kernel.</td>
+ <td>morphology:showKernel=<var>1</var></td>
+ <td>Outputs (to 'standard error') all the information about a specified <a
+ href="command-line-options.html#morphology" >-morphology convolve</a> kernel.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
</tr>
<tr>
- <td>dds:weight-by-alpha=<var>true|false</var></td>
+ <td>dds:weight-by-alpha=<var>true|false</var></td>
<td>Enables the dds alpha weighting.</td>
</tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>deskew:auto-crop=<var>true</var></td>
+ <td>auto crop the image after deskewing.</td>
+ </tr>
+
<tr>
<td>delegate:bimodal=<var>true</var></td>
<td>Specifies direct conversion from Postscript to PDF.</td>
<tr>
<td>distort:scale=<var>value</var></td>
- <td>Sets the output scaling factor for use with <a href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a></td>
+ <td>Sets the output scaling factor for use with <a href="command-line-options.html#distort"
+ >-distort</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<code>neato</code>).</td>
</tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>exr:color-type=<var>value</var></td>
+ <td>Specifies the color type for the EXR format: RGB, RGBA, YC, YCA, Y, YA, R, G, B, A).</td>
+ </tr>
+
<tr>
<td>filter:option=<var>value</var></td>
<td>Set a filter option for use with <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a>.
<td>fourier:normalize=<var>inverse</var></td>
<td>Sets the location for the FFT/IFT normalization as use by
<a href="command-line-options.html#fft">+-fft</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#ift">+-ift</a>. The default is
- forward.</td>
+ <var>forward</var>.</td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr>
+ <td>h:format=<var>value</var></td>
+ <td>Set the image encoding format use when writing a C-style header.
+ <var>format</var> can be any output format supported by ImageMagick
+ except for <var>h</var> and <var>magick</var>. If this
+ option is omitted, the default is <var>GIF</var> for PseudoClass
+ images and <var>PNM</var> for DirectClass images.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr>
+ <td>hough-lines:accumulator=true</td>
+ <td>Returns the accumulator image in addition to the lines image</td>
</tr>
<tr>
(requires a 256x256 input image).</td>
</tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>identify:locate=<var>minimum|maximum</var></td>
+ <td>Locates the coordinates of one or more image minimum or maximum</td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr>
+ <td>identify:limit=<var>number</var></td>
+ <td>Locates the coordinates for the number of minima or maxima specified</td>
+ </tr>
+
<tr>
<td>jp2:layer-number=<var>value</var></td>
<td>Sets the maximum number of quality layers to decode. Same for JPT, JC2,
<tr>
<td>jp2:number-resolutions=<var>value</var></td>
- <td>Sets the number of resolutions to encode.Same for JPT, JC2, and J2K</td>
+ <td>Sets the number of resolutions to encode.Same for JPT, JC2, and
+ J2K</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<tr>
<td>jp2:rate=<var>value</var></td>
- <td>Specify the compression factor to use while writing JPEG-2000 files. The
- compression factor is the reciprocal of the compression ratio. The valid
- range is 0.0 to 1.0, with 1.0 indicating lossless compression. If defined,
- this value overrides the -quality setting. A quality setting of 75
- results in a rate value of 0.06641. Same for JPT, JC2, and J2K</td>
+ <td>Specify the compression factor to use while writing JPEG-2000 files.
+ The compression factor is the reciprocal of the compression ratio. The
+ valid range is 0.0 to 1.0, with 1.0 indicating lossless compression. If
+ defined, this value overrides the -quality setting. A quality setting
+ of 75 results in a rate value of 0.06641. Same for JPT, JC2, and J2K</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<tr>
<td>jpeg:block-smoothing=<var>on|off</var></td>
+ <td> </td>
+ </tr>
- </tr><tr>
+ <tr>
<td>jpeg:colors=<var>value</var></td>
<td>Set the desired number of colors and let the JPEG encoder do the
quantizing.</td>
<td>Restrict the maximum JPEG file size, for example <code>-define
jpeg:extent=400KB</code>. The JPEG encoder will search for the highest
compression quality level that results in an output file that does not
- exceed the value. The <code>-quality</code> option is ignored if it
- is also present.</td>
+ exceed the value. The <code>-quality</code> option also will be respected
+ starting with version 6.9.2-5. Between 6.9.1-0 and 6.9.2-4, add -quality
+ 100 in order for the jpeg:extent to work properly. Prior to 6.9.1-0, the
+ -quality setting was ignored.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>jpeg:fancy-upsampling=<var>on|off</var></td>
+ <td> </td>
+ </tr>
- </tr><tr>
+ <tr>
<td>jpeg:optimize-coding=<var>on|off</var></td>
+ <td> </td>
+ </tr>
- </tr><tr>
+ <tr>
<td>jpeg:q-table=<var>table</var></td>
+ <td> </td>
+ </tr>
- </tr><tr>
+ <tr>
<td>jpeg:sampling-factor=<var>sampling-factor-string</var></td>
+ <td> </td>
+ </tr>
- </tr><tr>
+ <tr>
<td>jpeg:size=<var>geometry</var></td>
<td>Set the size hint of a JPEG image, for
example, <code>-define jpeg:size=128x128</code>.
<tr>
<td>json:limit</td>
+ <td> </td>
+ </tr>
- </tr><tr>
+ <tr>
<td>json:locate</td>
+ <td> </td>
+ </tr>
- </tr><tr>
+ <tr>
<td>json:moments</td>
<td>includes image moments in verbose information</td>
</tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>magick:format=<var>value</var></td>
+ <td>Set the image encoding format use when writing a C-style header.
+ This is the same as "h:format=format" described above.</td>
+ </tr>
+
<tr>
<td>mng:need-cacheoff</td>
<td>turn playback caching off for streaming MNG.</td>
<tr>
<td>morphology:compose=<var>compose-method</var></td>
- <td>Specifies how to merge results generated by multiple<a href="command-line-options.html#morphology">-morphology</a> kernel. The default is none. One
+ <td>Specifies how to merge results generated by multiple<a
+ href="command-line-options.html#morphology" >-morphology</a> kernel. The default is none. One
typical value is 'lighten' as used, for example, with the sobel edge
kernels. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
- <td>morphology:showkernel=<var>1</var></td>
- <td>Outputs (to 'standard error') all the information about a generated <a href="command-line-options.html#morphology">-morphology</a> kernel.</td>
+ <td>morphology:showKernel=<var>1</var></td>
+ <td>Outputs (to 'standard error') all the information about a generated <a
+ href="command-line-options.html#morphology" >-morphology</a> kernel.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>pcl:fit-to-page=<var>true</var></td>
+ </tr>
- </tr><tr>
+ <tr>
<td>pdf:fit-page=<var>geometry</var></td>
<td> geometry specifies the scaling dimensions for resizing when the PDF is
being read. The geometry is either WxH{%} or page size. No offsets are
<tr>
<td>pdf:fit-to-page=<var>true</var></td>
+ <td> </td>
+ </tr>
- </tr><tr>
+ <tr>
<td>pdf:use-cropbox=<var>true</var></td>
+ <td> </td>
+ </tr>
- </tr><tr>
+ <tr>
<td>pdf:use-trimbox=<var>true</var></td>
+ <td> </td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr>
+ <td>pdf:stop-on-error=<var>true</var></td>
+ <td> </td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr>
+ <td>pdf:pdf:page-direction=<var>right-to-left</var></td>
+ <td> </td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr>
+ <td>phash:colorspaces=<var>colorspace,colorspace,...</var></td>
+ <td>the perceptual hash defaults to the sRGB and HCLp colorspaces. When
+ using this define, you can specify up to six alternative colorspaces. (as
+ of IM 7.0.3-8)</td>
+ </tr>
- </tr><tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>phash:normalize=<var>true</var></td>
+ <td>normalizes the phash metric by dividing by the number of channels
+ specified by <code>-define phash:colorspaces</code> when using compare
+ -metric phash. (as of IM 7.0.3-8)</td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr>
<td>png:bit-depth=<var>value</var></td>
- </tr><tr>
+ <td> </td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr>
<td>png:color-type=<var>value</var></td>
<td>desired bit-depth and color-type for PNG output. You can force the PNG
encoder to use a different bit-depth and color-type than it would have
<tr>
<td>png:exclude-chunk=<var>value</var></td>
- </tr><tr>
+ <tr>
<td>png:include-chunk=<var>value</var></td>
<td>ancillary chunks to be excluded from or included in PNG output.
the PNG file. Because the list is processed from left to right, you
can achieve this with a single define:</p>
-<pre>
--define png:include-chunk=none,gAMA
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-define png:include-chunk=none,gAMA
+</code></pre>
<p>As a special case, if the <code>sRGB</code> chunk is not excluded and
the PNG encoder recognizes that the image contains the sRGB ICC profile,
<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#strip">-strip</a> option does the equivalent of the
following for PNG output:</p>
-<pre>
--define png:exclude-chunk=EXIF,iCCP,iTXt,sRGB,tEXt,zCCP,zTXt,date
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-define png:exclude-chunk=EXIF,iCCP,iTXt,sRGB,tEXt,zCCP,zTXt,date
+</code></pre>
<p>The default behavior is to include all known PNG ancillary chunks
plus ImageMagick's private <code>vpAg</code> ("virtual page") chunk,
inserts in the output PNG.</p></td>
</tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>png:ignore-crc[=<var>true</var>]</td>
+ <td>When you know your image has no CRC or ADLER32 errors, this can speed up
+ decoding. It is also helpful in debugging bug reports from "fuzzers"</td>
+ </tr>
+
<tr>
<td>png:preserve-colormap[=<var>true</var>]</td>
- <td>Use the existing image->colormap. Normally the PNG encoder will
+ <td>Use the existing image->colormap. Normally the PNG encoder will
try to optimize the palette, eliminating unused entries and putting
the transparent colors first. If this flag is set, that behavior
is suppressed.</td>
<tr>
<td>ps:imagemask</td>
- <td>If the ps:imagemask flag is defined, the PS3 and EPS3 coders will create
- Postscript files that render bilevel images with the Postscript imagemask
- operator instead of the image operator.</td>
+ <td>If the ps:imagemask flag is defined, the PS3 and EPS3 coders will
+ create Postscript files that render bilevel images with the Postscript
+ imagemask operator instead of the image operator.</td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr>
+ <td>psd:additional-info=all|selective</td>
+ <td>This option should only be used when converting from a PSD file to
+ another PSD file. This should be placed after the image is read. The two
+ options are 'all' and 'selective'. The 'selective' option will preserve
+ all additional information that is not related to the geometry of the
+ image. The 'all' option should only be used when the geometry of the
+ image has not been changed. This option is helpful when transferring
+ non-simple layers, such as adjustment layers from the input PSD file to
+ the output PSD file. If this option is not used, the additional
+ information will not be preserved. This define is available as of
+ Imagemagick version 6.9.5-8.
+</td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr>
+ <td>psd:alpha-unblend=off</td>
+ <td>Disables new automatic un-blending of transparency with the base image
+ for the flattened layer 0 before adding the alpha channel to the output
+ image. This define must be placed before the input psd image. (Available
+ as of IM 6.9.2.5). The automatic un-blending is new to IM 6.9.2.5 and
+ prevents the transparency from being applied twice in the output
+ image. This option should be set before reading the image.</td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr>
+ <td>psd:preserve-opacity-mask=true</td>
+ <td>This option should only be used when converting from a PSD file to
+ another PSD file. It will preserve the opacity mask of a layer and add it
+ back to the layer when the image is saved. Setting this to 'true' will
+ enable this feature. This define is available as of Imagemagick version
+ 6.9.5-10.
+</td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr>
+ <td>preserve-timestamp=<var>{True, False}</var></td>
+ <td>Preserve file timestamp (<code>mogrify</code> only).</td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr>
+ <td>q-table=<var>quantization-table.xml</var></td>
+ <td>Custom JPEG quantization tables.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<tr>
<td>quantum:polarity=<var>photometric-interpretation</var></td>
- <td>Set the photometric-interpretation of an image (typically for TIFF image
- file format) to either <code>min-is-black</code> (default) or
+ <td>Set the photometric-interpretation of an image (typically for TIFF
+ image file format) to either <code>min-is-black</code> (default) or
<code>min-is-white</code>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>sample:offset=<var>geometry</var></td>
<td>Location of the sampling point within the sub-region being sampled,
- expressed as percentages (see <a href="command-line-options.html#sample">-sample</a>).</td>
+ expressed as percentages (see <a href="command-line-options.html#sample" >-sample</a>).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
- <td>showkernel=<var>1</var></td>
- <td>Outputs (to 'standard error') all the information about a generated <a href="command-line-options.html#morphology">-morphology</a> kernel.</td>
+ <td>morphology:showKernel=<var>1</var></td>
+ <td>Outputs (to 'standard error') all the information about a generated <a
+ href="command-line-options.html#morphology" >-morphology</a> kernel.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<tr>
<td>tiff:alpha=<var>associated|unassociated|unspecified</var></td>
- <td>Specify the alpha extra samples as associated, unassociated or unspecified </td>
+ <td>Specify the alpha extra samples as associated, unassociated or
+ unspecified </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>tiff:endian=<var>msb|lsb</var></td>
+ <td> </td>
+ </tr>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>tiff:exif-properties=<var>false</var></td>
- <td>Skips reading the EXIF properties.</td>
+ <tr>
+ <td>tiff:exif-properties=<var>true</var></td>
+ <td>Enables reading the EXIF properties.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>tiff:fill-order=<var>msb|lsb</var></td>
+ <td> </td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr>
+ <td>tiff:ignore-layers=<var>true</var></td>
+ <td>Ignores the photoshop layers.</td>
+ </tr>
- </tr><tr>
+ <tr>
<td>tiff:ignore-tags=<var>comma-separate-list-of-tag-IDs</var></td>
<td>Allows one or more tag ID values to be ignored.</td>
</tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>tiff:predictor=<var>[1, 2 or 3]</var></td>
+ <td>A mathematical operator that is applied to the image data before an encoding scheme is applied. The general idea is that subsequent pixels of an image resemble each other. Thus, substracting the information from a pixel that is already contained in previous one is likely to reduce its information density considerably and aid subsequent compression. 1 = No prediction scheme used before coding. 2 = Horizontal differencing. 3 = Floating point horizontal differencing.</td>
+ </tr>
+
<tr>
<td>tiff:rows-per-strip=<var>value</var></td>
<td>Sets the number of rows per strip</td>
<tr>
<td>tiff:tile-geometry=<var>WxH</var></td>
- <td>Sets the tile size for pyramid tiffs. Requires the suffix
+ <td>Sets the tile size for pyramid tiffs. Requires the suffix
PTIF: before the outputname</td>
</tr>
+
+ <tr>
+ <td>type:features=<var>string</var></td>
+ <td> </td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr>
+ <td>type:hinting=<var>off</var></td>
+ <td> </td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr>
+ <td>txt:compliance=<var>css</var></td>
+ <td>The first argument of a hsl() color is integer, not percentage</td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr>
+ <td>x:screen=<var>true</var></td>
+ <td>Obtains the image from the root window </td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr>
+ <td>x:silent=<var>true</var></td>
+ <td>Turns off the beep when importing an image </td>
+ </tr>
</table>
<p>For example, to create a postscript file that will render only the black
pixels of a bilevel image, use:</p>
-<pre>
-convert bilevel.tif -define ps:imagemask eps3:stencil.ps
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert bilevel.tif -define ps:imagemask eps3:stencil.ps
+</code></pre>
<p>Set attributes of the image registry by prefixing the value with
<code>registry:</code>. For example, to set a temporary path to put work files,
use:</p>
-<pre>
--define registry:temporary-path=/data/tmp
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-define registry:temporary-path=/data/tmp
+</code></pre>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="delay"></a>-delay <var>ticks</var> <br>-delay <var>ticks</var>x<var>ticks-per-second</var> {<var><</var>} {<var>></var>}</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="delay"></a>-delay <var>ticks</var> <br />-delay <var>ticks</var>x<var>ticks-per-second</var> {<var><</var>} {<var>></var>}</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">display the next image after pausing.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="delete"></a>-delete <var>indexes</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="delete"></a>-delete <var>indexes</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">delete the images specified by index, from the image sequence.</p>
0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the sequence, for example, -1
represents the last image of the sequence. Specify a range of images with
a dash (e.g. 0-4). Separate indexes with a comma (e.g. 0,2). Use
-<code>+delete</code> to delete the last image in the current image sequence.</p>
+<code>+delete</code> to delete the last image in the current image sequence. Use <code>-delete 0--1</code> to delete the entire image sequence.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="density"></a>-density <var>width</var><br>-density <var>width</var>x<var>height</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="density"></a>-density <var>width</var><br />-density <var>width</var>x<var>height</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Set the horizontal and vertical resolution of an image for rendering to devices.</p>
image or the canvas resolution while rendering (reading) vector formats such
as Postscript, PDF, WMF, and SVG into a raster image. Image resolution
provides the unit of measure to apply when rendering to an output device or
-raster image. The default unit of measure is in dots per inch (DPI). The <a href="command-line-options.html#units">-units</a> option may be used to select dots per centimeter
+raster image. The default unit of measure is in dots per inch (DPI). The <a
+href="command-line-options.html#units">-units</a> option may be used to select dots per centimeter
instead.</p>
<p>The default resolution is 72 dots per inch, which is equivalent to one
resolution, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#resample">-resample</a> option.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="depth"></a>-depth <var>value</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="depth"></a>-depth <var>value</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">depth of the image.</p>
to specify the depth of raw images whose depth is unknown such as GRAY, RGB,
or CMYK, or to change the depth of any image after it has been read.</p>
+<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">+depth</a> to return depth to its default value.</p>
+
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="descend"></a>-descend</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="descend"></a>-descend</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">obtain image by descending window hierarchy.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="deskew"></a>-deskew <var>threshold</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="deskew"></a>-deskew <var>threshold{%}</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">straighten an image. A threshold of 40% works for most images.</p>
<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> <code>option:deskew:auto-crop
-<var>width</var></code> to auto crop the image. The set argument is the pixel
-width of the image background (e.g 40).</p>
+<var>true | false</var></code> to auto crop the image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="despeckle"></a>-despeckle</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="despeckle"></a>-despeckle</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">reduce the speckles within an image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="direction"></a>-direction <var>type</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="direction"></a>-direction <var>type</var></h3>
</div>
-<p class="magick-description">render text right-to-left or left-to-right.</p>
+<p class="magick-description">render text right-to-left or left-to-right. Requires the <a href="https://github.com/HOST-Oman/libraqm">RAQM</a> delegate library and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_text_layout">complex text layout</a>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="displace"></a>-displace <var>horizontal-scale</var><br>-displace <var>horizontal-scale</var>x<var>vertical-scale</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="displace"></a>-displace <var>horizontal-scale</var>{%}{!}<br />-displace <var>horizontal-scale</var>x<var>vertical-scale</var>{%}{!}</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">shift image pixels as defined by a displacement map.</p>
<p>As of IM v6.5.3-5 any alpha channel in the overlay image is used as a
mask the transparency of the destination image. However areas outside the
-overlaid areas will not be effected. </p>
+overlaid areas will not be affected. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="display"></a>-display <var>host:display[.screen]</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="display"></a>-display <var>host:display[.screen]</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Specifies the X server to contact.</p>
X server. See <var>X(1)</var>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="dispose"></a>-dispose <var>method</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="dispose"></a>-dispose <var>method</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">define the GIF disposal image setting for images that are being created or read in. </p>
<p>Here are the valid methods:</p>
-<dl class="dl-horizontal">
-<dt>Undefined</dt><dd>0: No disposal specified (equivalent to '<code>none</code>').</dd>
-<dt>None</dt><dd>1: Do not dispose, just overlay next frame image.</dd>
-<dt>Background</dt><dd>2: Clear the frame area with the background color.</dd>
-<dt>Previous</dt><dd>3: Clear to the image prior to this frames overlay.</dd>
+<dl class="row">
+<dt class="col-md-4">Undefined</dt><dd class="col-md-8">0: No disposal specified (equivalent to '<code>none</code>').</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">None</dt><dd class="col-md-8">1: Do not dispose, just overlay next frame image.</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">Background</dt><dd class="col-md-8">2: Clear the frame area with the background color.</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">Previous</dt><dd class="col-md-8">3: Clear to the image prior to this frames overlay.</dd>
</dl>
<p>You can also use the numbers given above, which is what the GIF format
<p>To print a complete list of dispose methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list dispose</a>.</p>
-<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose">+dispose</a>, turn off the setting and prevent
+<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose" >+dispose</a>, turn off the setting and prevent
resetting the layer disposal methods of images being read in. </p>
<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>dispose</code>' method to set the image
disposal method for images already in memory.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="dissimilarity-threshold"></a>-dissimilarity-threshold <var>value</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="dissimilarity-threshold"></a>-dissimilarity-threshold <var>value</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">maximum RMSE for subimage match (default 0.2).</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="dissolve"></a>-dissolve <var>src_percent</var>[x<var>dst_percent</var>]</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="dissolve"></a>-dissolve <var>src_percent</var>[x<var>dst_percent</var>]</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">dissolve an image into another by the given percent.</p>
images, you would need to use dissolve values of '50,100'. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="distort"></a>-distort <var>method arguments</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="distort"></a>-distort <var>method arguments</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">distort an image, using the given <var>method</var> and its required <var>arguments</var>.</p>
<p>Choose from these distortion types:</p>
-<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
+<table class="table table-sm table-striped">
<tr>
<th style="width: 8%">Method</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
<tr>
- <td><code>ScaleRotateTranslate</code>
- <br>or <code>SRT</code></td>
+ <td>ScaleRotateTranslate <br/> SRT</td>
<td>
Distort image by first scaling and rotating about a given 'center',
before translating that 'center' to the new location, in that order. It
- is an alternative method of specifying a '<code>Affine</code>' type of
+ is an alternative method of specifying a 'Affine' type of
distortion, but without shearing effects. It also provides a good way
of rotating and displacing a smaller image for tiling onto a larger
- background (IE 2-dimensional animations). <br>
+ background (IE 2-dimensional animations). <br/>
The number of arguments determine the specific meaning of each
- argument for the scales, rotation, and translation operations. <br>
-
- <table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
- <tr><td>2:</td><td><var>Scale Angle</var></td></tr>
- <tr><td>3:</td><td><var>X,Y Angle</var></td></tr>
- <tr><td>4:</td><td><var>X,Y Scale Angle</var></td></tr>
- <tr><td>5:</td>
- <td><var>X,Y ScaleX,ScaleY Angle</var></td></tr>
- <tr><td>6:</td>
- <td><var>X,Y Scale Angle NewX,NewY</var></td></tr>
- <tr><td>7:</td>
- <td><var>X,Y ScaleX,ScaleY Angle
- NewX,NewY</var></td></tr>
- </table>
+ argument for the scales, rotation, and translation operations. <br/>
+
+ <dl class="row">
+ <dt class="col-md-4">2:</dt><dd class="col-md-8"><var>Scale Angle</var></dd>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">3:</dt><dd class="col-md-8"><var>X,Y Angle</var></dd>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">4:</dt><dd class="col-md-8"><var>X,Y Scale Angle</var></dd>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">5:</dt> <dd class="col-md-8"><var>X,Y ScaleX,ScaleY Angle</var></dd>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">6:</dt> <dd class="col-md-8"><var>X,Y Scale Angle NewX,NewY</var></dd>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">7:</dt> <dd class="col-md-8"><var>X,Y ScaleX,ScaleY Angle NewX,NewY</var></dd>
+ </dl>
This is actually an alternative way of specifying a 2 dimensional linear
- '<code>Affine</code>' or '<code>AffineProjection</code>' distortion. </td> </tr>
+ 'Affine' or 'AffineProjection' distortion. </td> </tr>
<tr>
- <td><code>Affine</code></td>
+ <td>Affine</td>
<td>
Distort the image linearly by moving a list of at least 3 or more sets
of control points (as defined below). Ideally 3 sets or 12 floating
point values are given allowing the image to be linearly scaled,
rotated, sheared, and translated, according to those three points. See
- also the related '<code>AffineProjection</code>' and '<code>SRT</code>'
- distortions. <br>
+ also the related 'AffineProjection' and 'SRT'
+ distortions. <br/>
More than 3 sets given control point pairs (12 numbers) is least
squares fitted to best match a linear affine distortion. If only 2
rotation and scaling is performed, without any possible shearing,
flipping or changes in aspect ratio to the resulting image. If only one
control point pair is provides the image is only translated, (which may
- be a floating point non-integer translation). <br>
+ be a floating point non-integer translation). <br/>
This distortion does not include any form of perspective distortion.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
- <td><code>AffineProjection</code></td>
+ <td>AffineProjection</td>
<td>
Linearly distort an image using the given Affine Matrix of 6
pre-calculated coefficients forming a set of Affine Equations to map
the source image to the destination image.
- <div style="text-align: center"><var>
+ <p class="text-center"><var>
s<sub>x</sub>, r<sub>x</sub>,
r<sub>y</sub>, s<sub>y</sub>,
t<sub>x</sub>, t<sub>y</sub>
- </var></div>
+ </var></p>
- See <a href="command-line-options.html#affine">-affine</a> setting for more detail, and
- meanings of these coefficients. <br>
+ See <a href="command-line-options.html#affine" >-affine</a> setting for more detail, and
+ meanings of these coefficients. <br/>
- The distortions '<code>Affine</code>' and '<code>SRT</code>' provide
+ The distortions 'Affine' and 'SRT' provide
alternative methods of defining this distortion, with ImageMagick doing
the calculations needed to generate the required coefficients. You can
- see the internally generated coefficients, by using a <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose">-verbose</a> setting with those other variants. </td>
+ see the internally generated coefficients, by using a <a
+ href="command-line-options.html#verbose" >-verbose</a> setting with those other variants. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
- <td><code>BilinearForward</code><br>
- <code>BilinearReverse</code></td>
+ <td>BilinearForward<br/>
+ BilinearReverse</td>
<td>
Bilinear Distortion, given a minimum of 4 sets of coordinate pairs, or
16 values (see below). Not that lines may not appear straight after
distortion, though the distance between coordinates will remain
- consistent. <br>
+ consistent. <br/>
- The '<code>BilinearForward</code>' is used to map rectangles to any
- quadrilateral, while the '<code>BilinearReverse</code>' form maps any
+ The 'BilinearForward' is used to map rectangles to any
+ quadrilateral, while the 'BilinearReverse' form maps any
quadrilateral to a rectangle, while preserving the straight line edges
- in each case. <br>
+ in each case. <br/>
- Note that '<code>BilinearForward</code>' can generate invalid pixels
- which will be colored using the <a href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor">-mattecolor</a>
+ Note that 'BilinearForward' can generate invalid pixels
+ which will be colored using the <a href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a>
color setting. Also if the quadrilateral becomes 'flipped' the image
- may disappear. <br>
+ may disappear. <br/>
There are future plans to produce a true Bilinear distortion that will
attempt to map any quadrilateral to any other quadrilateral, while
</tr>
<tr>
- <td><code>Perspective</code></td>
+ <td>Perspective</td>
<td>
Perspective distort the images, using a list of 4 or more sets of
control points (as defined below). More that 4 sets (16 numbers) of
control points provide least squares fitting for more accurate
distortions (for the purposes of image registration and panorama
- effects). Less than 4 sets will fall back to a '<code>Affine</code>'
- linear distortion. <br>
+ effects). Less than 4 sets will fall back to a 'Affine'
+ linear distortion. <br/>
Perspective Distorted images ensures that straight lines remain
straight, but the scale of the distorted image will vary. The horizon
is anti-aliased, and the 'sky' color may be set using the
- <a href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor">-mattecolor</a> setting. </td>
+ <a href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a> setting. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
- <td><code>PerspectiveProjection</code> </td>
+ <td>PerspectiveProjection </td>
<td>
- Do a '<code>Perspective</code>' distortion biased on a set of 8
+ Do a 'Perspective' distortion biased on a set of 8
pre-calculated coefficients. You can get these coefficients by looking
- at the <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose">-verbose</a> output of a
- '<code>Perspective</code>' distortion, or by calculating them yourself.
+ at the <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose" >-verbose</a> output of a
+ 'Perspective' distortion, or by calculating them yourself.
If the last two perspective scaling coefficients are zero, the
remaining 6 represents a transposed 'Affine Matrix'. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
- <td><code>Arc</code></td>
+ <td>Arc</td>
<td>
Arc the image (variation of polar mapping) over the angle given around
- a circle. <br>
- <table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
- <tr><td>Argument</td>
- <td>Meaning</td></tr>
- <tr><td><var>arc_angle</var></td>
- <td>The angle over which to arc the image side-to-side</td></tr>
- <tr><td><var>rotate_angle</var></td>
- <td>Angle to rotate resulting image from vertical center</td></tr>
- <tr><td><var>top_radius</var></td>
- <td>Set top edge of source image at this radius</td></tr>
- <tr><td><var>bottom_radius</var> </td>
- <td>Set bottom edge to this radius (radial scaling)</td></tr>
- </table>
+ a circle.
+
+ <dl class="row">
+ <dt class="col-md-4">arc_angle</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">The angle over which to arc the image side-to-side</dd>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">rotate_angle</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">Angle to rotate resulting image from vertical center</dd>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">top_radius</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">Set top edge of source image at this radius</dd>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">bottom_radius </dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">Set bottom edge to this radius (radial scaling)</dd>
+ </dl>
The resulting image is always resized to best fit the resulting image,
- (as if using <a href="command-line-options.html#distort">+distort</a>) while attempting to
+ (as if using <a href="command-line-options.html#distort" >+distort</a>) while attempting to
preserve scale and aspect ratio of the original image as much as
possible with the arguments given by the user. All four arguments will
- be needed to change the overall aspect ratio of an 'Arc'ed image. <br>
+ be needed to change the overall aspect ratio of an 'Arc'ed image. <br/>
This a variation of a polar distortion designed to try to preserve the
aspect ratio of the image rather than direct Cartesian to Polar
</tr>
<tr>
- <td><code>Polar</code></td>
+ <td>Polar</td>
<td>
- Like '<code>Arc</code>' but do a complete Cartesian to Polar mapping of
+ Like 'Arc' but do a complete Cartesian to Polar mapping of
the image. that is the height of the input image is mapped to the
radius limits, while the width is wrapped around between the
- angle limits. <br>
+ angle limits. <br/>
- Arguments: <var>Rmax,Rmin CenterX,CenterY, start,end_angle</var> <br>
+ Arguments: <var>Rmax,Rmin CenterX,CenterY, start,end_angle</var> <br/>
All arguments are optional. With <var>Rmin</var> defaulting to zero, the
center to the center of the image, and the angles going from -180 (top)
to +180 (top). If <var>Rmax</var> is given the special value of
- '<code>0</code>', the the distance from the center to the nearest edge
+ '0', the the distance from the center to the nearest edge
is used for the radius of the output image, which will ensure the whole
image is visible (though scaled smaller). However a special value of
- '<code>-1</code>' will use the distance from the center to the furthest
+ '-1' will use the distance from the center to the furthest
corner, This may 'clip' the corners from the input rectangular image,
- but will generate the exact reverse of a '<code>DePolar</code>' with
- the same arguments. <br>
+ but will generate the exact reverse of a 'DePolar' with
+ the same arguments. <br/>
- If the plus form of distort (<a href="command-line-options.html#distort">+distort</a>) is used
- output image center will default to <code>0,0</code> of the virtual
+ If the plus form of distort (<a href="command-line-options.html#distort" >+distort</a>) is used
+ output image center will default to 0,0 of the virtual
canvas, and the image size adjusted to ensure the whole input image is
made visible in the output image on the virtual canvas. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
- <td><code>DePolar</code></td>
+ <td>DePolar</td>
<td>
- Uses the same arguments and meanings as a '<code>Polar</code>' distortion
- but generates the reverse Polar to Cartesian distortion. <br>
+ Uses the same arguments and meanings as a 'Polar' distortion
+ but generates the reverse Polar to Cartesian distortion. <br/>
- The special <var>Rmax</var> setting of '<code>0</code>' may however clip
+ The special <var>Rmax</var> setting of '0' may however clip
the corners of the input image. However using the special
- <var>Rmax</var> setting of '<code>-1</code>' (maximum center to corner
+ <var>Rmax</var> setting of '-1' (maximum center to corner
distance) will ensure the whole distorted image is preserved in the
- generated result, so that the same argument to '<code>Polar</code>' will
+ generated result, so that the same argument to 'Polar' will
reverse the distortion re-producing the original.
Note that as this distortion requires the area resampling of a circular
</tr>
<tr>
- <td><code>Barrel</code></td>
+ <td>Barrel</td>
<td>
- Given the four coefficients (A,B,C,D) as defined by <a href="http://wiki.panotools.org/Lens_correction_model">Helmut
+ Given the four coefficients (A,B,C,D) as defined by <a
+ href="http://wiki.panotools.org/Lens_correction_model" >Helmut
Dersch</a>, perform a barrel or pin-cushion distortion appropriate to
correct radial lens distortions. That is in photographs, make straight
- lines straight again. <br>
+ lines straight again. <br/>
- Arguments: <var>A B C</var> [ <var>D</var> [
- <var>X</var> , <var>Y</var> ] ] <br>
+ <p class="text-center">Arguments: <var>A B C</var> [ <var>D</var> [
+ <var>X</var> , <var>Y</var> ] ] <br/>
or <var>A<sub>x</sub> B<sub>x</sub> C<sub>x</sub> D<sub>x</sub>
A<sub>y</sub> B<sub>y</sub> C<sub>y</sub> D<sub>y</sub></var>
- [ <var>X</var> , <var>Y</var> ] <br>
- So that it forms the function <br>
- Rsrc = r * ( <var>A</var>*r<sup>3</sup> + <var>B</var>*r<sup>2</sup> +
- <var>C</var>*r + <var>D</var> )<br>
+ [ <var>X</var> , <var>Y</var> ] </p>
+ So that it forms the function
+ <p class="text-center">Rsrc = r * ( <var>A</var>*r<sup>3</sup> + <var>B</var>*r<sup>2</sup> +
+ <var>C</var>*r + <var>D</var> )</p>
Where <var>X</var>,<var>Y</var> is the optional center of the distortion
- (defaulting to the center of the image). <br>
+ (defaulting to the center of the image). <br/>
The second form is typically used to distort images, rather than
- correct lens distortions. <br>
+ correct lens distortions. <br/>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
- <td><code>BarrelInverse</code></td>
+ <td>BarrelInverse</td>
<td>
- This is very similar to '<code>Barrel</code>' with the same set of
+ This is very similar to 'Barrel' with the same set of
arguments, and argument handling. However it uses the inverse
of the radial polynomial,
- so that it forms the function <br>
- Rsrc = r / ( <var>A</var>*r<sup>3</sup> + <var>B</var>*r<sup>2</sup> +
- <var>C</var>*r + <var>D</var> )<br>
- Note that this is not the reverse of the '<code>Barrel</code>'
+ so that it forms the function
+ <p class="text-center">Rsrc = r / ( <var>A</var>*r<sup>3</sup> + <var>B</var>*r<sup>2</sup> +
+ <var>C</var>*r + <var>D</var> )</p>
+ Note that this is not the reverse of the 'Barrel'
distortion, just a different barrel-like radial distortion method.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
- <td><code>Shepards</code></td>
+ <td>Shepards</td>
<td>
Distort the given list control points (any number) using an Inverse
- Squared Distance Interpolation Method (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shepard%27s_method">Shepards
+ Squared Distance Interpolation Method (<a
+ href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shepard%27s_method" >Shepards
Method</a>). The control points in effect do 'localized' displacement
of the image around the given control point (preserving the look and
the rotation of the area near the control points. For best results
extra control points should be added to 'lock' the positions of the
corners, edges and other unchanging parts of the image, to prevent
- their movement. <br>
+ their movement. <br/>
The distortion has been likened to 'taffy pulling' using nails, or
pins' stuck in a block of 'jelly' which is then moved to the new
- position, distorting the surface of the jelly. <br>
+ position, distorting the surface of the jelly. <br/>
- Internally it is equivalent to generating a displacement map (see <a href="command-line-options.html#displace">-displace</a>) for source image color look-up using
- the <a href="command-line-options.html#sparse-color">-sparse-color</a> method of the same name.
+ Internally it is equivalent to generating a displacement map (see <a
+ href="command-line-options.html#displace" >-displace</a>) for source image color look-up using
+ the <a href="command-line-options.html#sparse-color" >-sparse-color</a> method of the same name.
</td>
</tr>
destination image. Each set of four floating point values represent a source
image coordinate, followed immediately by the destination image coordinate.
This produces a list of values such as...</p>
-<div style="text-align: center"><var>
+<p class="text-center"><var>
U<sub>1</sub>,V<sub>1</sub> X<sub>1</sub>,Y<sub>1</sub>
U<sub>2</sub>,V<sub>2</sub> X<sub>2</sub>,Y<sub>2</sub>
U<sub>3</sub>,V<sub>3</sub> X<sub>3</sub>,Y<sub>3</sub>
...
U<sub>n</sub>,V<sub>n</sub> X<sub>n</sub>,Y<sub>n</sub>
-</var></div>
+</var></p>
<p>where <var>U,V</var> on the source image is mapped to <var>X,Y</var> on the
destination image. </p>
used to group the 4 sets of coordinate pairs, to make it easier to read and
understand.</p>
-<pre>
-convert rose: -virtual-pixel black \
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert rose: -virtual-pixel black \
-distort Perspective '0,0,0,0 0,45,0,45 69,0,60,10 69,45,60,35' \
rose_3d_rotated.gif"
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
<p>If more that the required number of coordinate pairs are given for
a distortion, the distortion method is 'least squares' fitted to produce the
'fit' worse. Caution is always advised. </p>
<p>Colors are acquired from the source image according to a cylindrical
-resampling <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a>, using a special technique known as
+resampling <a href="command-line-options.html#filter" >-filter</a>, using a special technique known as
EWA resampling. This produces very high quality results, especially when
images become smaller (minified) in the output, which is very common when
using '<code>perspective</code>' distortion. For example here we view
a infinitely tiled 'plane' all the way to the horizon. </p>
-<pre>
-convert -size 90x90 pattern:checkerboard -normalize -virtual-pixel tile \
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert -size 90x90 pattern:checkerboard -normalize -virtual-pixel tile \
-distort perspective '0,0,5,45 89,0,45,46 0,89,0,89 89,89,89,89' \
checks_tiled.jpg
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
<p>Note that a infinitely tiled perspective images involving the horizon can
be very slow, because of the number of pixels that are compressed to generate
each individual pixel close to the 'horizon'. You can turn off EWA
-resampling, by specifing the special <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> setting of
+resampling, by specifying the special <a href="command-line-options.html#filter" >-filter</a> setting of
'<code>point</code>' (recommended if you plan to use super-sampling instead).
</p>
<p>If an image generates <i>invalid pixels</i>, such as the 'sky' in the last
-example, <a href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a> will use the current <a href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor">-mattecolor</a> setting for these pixels. If you do not
+example, <a href="command-line-options.html#distort" >-distort</a> will use the current <a
+href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a> setting for these pixels. If you do not
what these pixels to be visible, set the color to match the rest of the
ground. </p>
<p>The output image size will by default be the same as the input image. This
means that if the part of the distorted image falls outside the viewed area of
the 'distorted space', those parts is clipped and lost. However if you use
-the plus form of the operator (<a href="command-line-options.html#distort">+distort</a>) the operator
+the plus form of the operator (<a href="command-line-options.html#distort" >+distort</a>) the operator
will attempt (if possible) to show the whole of the distorted image, while
retaining a correct 'virtual canvas' offset, for image layering. This offset
-may need to be removed using <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">+repage</a>, to remove if it
+may need to be removed using <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a>, to remove if it
is unwanted. </p>
-<p>Setting <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose">-verbose</a> setting, will cause <a href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a> to attempt to output the internal coefficients,
-and the <a href="command-line-options.html#fx">-fx</a> equivalent to the distortion, for expert study,
+<p>Setting <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose" >-verbose</a> setting, will cause <a
+href="command-line-options.html#distort" >-distort</a> to attempt to output the internal coefficients,
+and the <a href="command-line-options.html#fx" >-fx</a> equivalent to the distortion, for expert study,
and debugging purposes. This many not be available for all distorts. </p>
-<p>You can alternatively specify a special "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> distort:viewport={geometry_string}</code>" setting which will
+<p>You can alternatively specify a special "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define"
+>-define</a> distort:viewport={geometry_string}</code>" setting which will
specify the size and the offset of the generated 'viewport' image of the
distorted image space.</p>
-<p>Setting a "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a>
-distort:scale={scale_factor}</code>" will scale the output image (viewport or
+<p>Setting a "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a>
+distort:scale=<var>scale_factor</var></code>" will scale the output image (viewport or
otherwise) by that factor without changing the viewed contents of the
distorted image. This can be used either for 'super-sampling' the image for
a higher quality result, or for panning and zooming around the image (with
appropriate viewport changes, or post-distort cropping and resizing). </p>
-<p>Setting "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> resample:verbose=1</code>"
+<p>Setting "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> resample:verbose=1</code>"
will output the cylindrical filter lookup table created by the EWA (Elliptical
Weighted Average) resampling algorithm. Note this table uses a squared radius
lookup value. This is typically only used for debugging EWA resampling. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="distribute-cache"></a>-distribute-cache <var>port</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="distribute-cache"></a>-distribute-cache <var>port</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">launch a distributed pixel cache server. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="dither"></a>-dither <var>method</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="dither"></a>-dither <var>method</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Apply a Riemersma or Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion dither to
image coloring. Generally resulting in 'color banding' effects in areas with
color gradients. </p>
-<p>The color reduction operators <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#monochrome">-monochrome</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#remap%20">-remap</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#posterize">-posterize</a>, apply dithering to images using the reduced
+<p>The color reduction operators <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a>, <a
+href="command-line-options.html#monochrome">-monochrome</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#remap ">-remap</a>, and <a
+href="command-line-options.html#posterize">-posterize</a>, apply dithering to images using the reduced
color set they created. These operators are also used as part of automatic
color reduction when saving images to formats with limited color support, such
as <code>GIF:</code>, <code>XBM:</code>, and others, so dithering may also be used
in these cases. </p>
<p>Alternatively you can use <a href="command-line-options.html#random-threshold">-random-threshold</a>
-to generate purely random dither. Or use <a href="command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a> to apply threshold mapped dither
+to generate purely random dither. Or use <a
+href="command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a> to apply threshold mapped dither
patterns, using uniform color maps, rather than specific color maps. </p>
+<p>Use "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> dither:diffusion-amount=35%</code>, for example, to control the amount of Floyd-Steinberg dither.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="draw"></a>-draw <var>string</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="draw"></a>-draw <var>string</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Annotate an image with one or more graphic primitives.</p>
<p>The shape primitives:</p>
-<pre>
-point x,y
-line x0,y0 x1,y1
-rectangle x0,y0 x1,y1
-roundRectangle x0,y0 x1,y1 wc,hc
-arc x0,y0 x1,y1 a0,a1
-ellipse x0,y0 rx,ry a0,a1
-circle x0,y0 x1,y1
-polyline x0,y0 ... xn,yn
-polygon x0,y0 ... xn,yn
-bezier x0,y0 ... xn,yn
-path specification
-image operator x0,y0 w,h filename
-</pre>
+<dl class="row">
+<dt class="col-md-4">point</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> x,y</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">line</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> x0,y0 x1,y1</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">rectangle</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> x0,y0 x1,y1</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">roundRectangle</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> x0,y0 x1,y1 wc,hc</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">arc</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> x0,y0 x1,y1 a0,a1</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">ellipse</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> x0,y0 rx,ry a0,a1</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">circle</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> x0,y0 x1,y1</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">polyline</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> x0,y0 ... xn,yn</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">polygon</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> x0,y0 ... xn,yn</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">bezier</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> x0,y0 ... xn,yn</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">path</dt><dd class="col-md-8">specification </dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">image</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> operator x0,y0 w,h filename</dd>
+</dl>
<p>The text primitive:</p>
-<pre>
-text x0,y0 string
-</pre>
+<dl class="row">
+<dt class="col-md-4">text</dt><dd class="col-md-8">x0,y0 string</dd>
+</dl>
<p>The text gravity primitive:</p>
-<pre>
-gravity NorthWest, North, NorthEast, West, Center,
- East, SouthWest, South, or SouthEast
-</pre>
+<dl class="row">
+<dt class="col-md-4">gravity</dt><dd class="col-md-8">NorthWest, North, NorthEast, West, Center, East, SouthWest, South, or SouthEast</dd>
+</dl>
<p>The text gravity primitive only affects the placement of text and does not
-interact with the other primitives. It is equivalent to using the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> command-line option, except that it is limited in
+interact with the other primitives. It is equivalent to using the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> command-line option, except that it is limited in
scope to the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> option in which it appears.</p>
<p>The transformation primitives:</p>
-<pre>
-rotate degrees
-translate dx,dy
-scale sx,sy
-skewX degrees
-skewY degrees
-</pre>
+<dl class="row">
+<dt class="col-md-4">rotate</dt><dd class="col-md-8">degrees</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">translate</dt><dd class="col-md-8">dx,dy</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">scale</dt><dd class="col-md-8">sx,sy</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">skewX</dt><dd class="col-md-8">degrees</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">skewY</dt><dd class="col-md-8">degrees</dd>
+</dl>
<p>The pixel operation primitives:</p>
-<pre>
-color x0,y0 method
-matte x0,y0 method
-</pre>
+<dl class="row">
+<dt class="col-md-4">color</dt><dd class="col-md-8">x0,y0 method</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">matte</dt><dd class="col-md-8">x0,y0 method</dd>
+</dl>
-<p>The shape primitives are drawn in the color specified by the preceding <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> setting. For unfilled shapes, use <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill none</a>. You can optionally control the stroke (the
-"outline" of a shape) with the <a href="command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a> settings.</p>
+<p>The shape primitives are drawn in the color specified by the preceding <a
+href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> setting. For unfilled shapes, use <a
+href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill none</a>. You can optionally control the stroke (the
+"outline" of a shape) with the <a href="command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke</a> and <a
+href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a> settings.</p>
<p>A <code>point</code> primitive is specified by a single <var>point</var> in the
pixel plane, that is, by an ordered pair of integer coordinates,
<var>x</var>,<var>y</var>. (As it involves only a single pixel, a <code>point</code>
-primitive is not affected by <a href="command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a>.)</p>
+primitive is not affected by <a href="command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke</a> or <a
+href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a>.)</p>
<p>A <code>line</code> primitive requires a start point and end point.</p>
<p>The <code>polyline</code> and <code>polygon</code> primitives require three or
more points to define their perimeters. A <code>polyline</code> is simply
a <code>polygon</code> in which the final point is not stroked to the start
-point. When unfilled, this is a <var>polygonal line</var>. If the <a href="command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke</a> setting is <code>none</code> (the default), then
+point. When unfilled, this is a <var>polygonal line</var>. If the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke</a> setting is <code>none</code> (the default), then
a <code>polyline</code> is identical to a <code>polygon</code>. </p>
<p>A <var>coordinate</var> is a pair of integers separated by a space or
<p>As an example, to define a circle centered at 100,100 that extends to
150,150 use:</p>
-<pre>
--draw 'circle 100,100 150,150'
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-draw 'circle 100,100 150,150'
+</code></pre>
<p>The <code>Bezier</code> primitive creates a spline curve and requires three
or points to define its shape. The first and last points are the
<code>path</code> primitive or to draw multiple four-point bezier segments with
the start and end knots of each successive segment repeated. For example:</p>
-<pre>
--draw 'bezier 20,50 45,100 45,0 70,50'
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-draw 'bezier 20,50 45,100 45,0 70,50'
-draw 'bezier 70,50 95,100 95,0 120,50'
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
<p>A <code>path</code> represents an outline of an object, defined in terms of
moveto (set a new current point), lineto (draw a straight line), curveto (draw
current shape by drawing a line to the last moveto) elements. Compound paths
(i.e., a path with subpaths, each consisting of a single moveto followed by
one or more line or curve operations) are possible to allow effects such as
-<var>donut holes</var> in objects. (See <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/paths.html">Paths</a>.)</p>
+<var>donut holes</var> in objects. (See <a
+href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/paths.html">Paths</a>.)</p>
<p>Use <code>image</code> to composite an image with another image. Follow the
image keyword with the composite operator, image location, image size, and
filename:</p>
-<pre>
--draw 'image SrcOver 100,100 225,225 image.jpg'
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-draw 'image SrcOver 100,100 225,225 image.jpg'
+</code></pre>
<p>You can use 0,0 for the image size, which means to use the actual
dimensions found in the image header. Otherwise, it is scaled to the given
-dimensions. See <a href="compose.html">Alpha Compositing</a> for
+dimensions. See <a href="../www/compose.html">Alpha Compositing</a> for
a detailed discussion of alpha composition methods that are available. </p>
<p>The "special augmented compose operators" such as "dissolve" that require
<p>For example, the following annotates the image with <code>Works like
magick!</code> for an image titled <code>bird.miff</code>. </p>
-<pre>
--draw "text 100,100 'Works like magick!' "
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-draw "text 100,100 'Works like magick!' "
+</code></pre>
<p>See the <a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> option for another convenient way
to annotate an image with text.</p>
<p>The <code>rotate</code> primitive rotates subsequent shape primitives and
-text primitives about the origin of the main image. If the <a href="command-line-options.html#region">-region</a> option precedes the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a>
-option, the origin for transformations is the upper left corner of the
-region.</p>
+text primitives about the origin of the main image.</p>
<p>The <code>translate</code> primitive translates subsequent shape and text
primitives.</p>
fill color (see <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a>). Follow the pixel coordinate with
a method:</p>
-<pre>
-point
+<pre class="highlight"><code>point
replace
floodfill
filltoborder
reset
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
<p>Consider the target pixel as that specified by your coordinate. The
<code>point</code> method recolors the target pixel. The <code>replace</code>
value of any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel.
<code>Floodfill</code> changes the matte value of any pixel that matches the
color of the target pixel and is a neighbor, whereas <code>filltoborder</code>
-changes the matte value of any neighbor pixel that is not the border color (<a href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a>). Finally <code>reset</code> changes the
+changes the matte value of any neighbor pixel that is not the border color (<a
+href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a>). Finally <code>reset</code> changes the
matte value of all pixels.</p>
-<p>You can set the primitive color, font, and font bounding box color with <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#box">-box</a>
+<p>You can set the primitive color, font, and font bounding box color with <a
+href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#box">-box</a>
respectively. Options are processed in command line order so be sure to use
these options <var>before</var> the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> option.</p>
<p>Strings that begin with a number must be quoted (e.g. use '1.png' rather
than 1.png).</p>
-<p>Drawing primitives conform to the <a href="magick-vector-graphics.html">Magick
+<p>Drawing primitives conform to the <a href="magick-vector-graphics.html" >Magick
Vector Graphics</a> format.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="duplicate"></a>-duplicate <var>count,indexes</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="duplicate"></a>-duplicate <var>count,indexes</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">duplicate an image one or more times.</p>
image sequence.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="edge"></a>-edge <var>radius</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="edge"></a>-edge <var>radius</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">detect edges within an image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="emboss"></a>-emboss <var>radius</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="emboss"></a>-emboss <var>radius</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">emboss an image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="encipher"></a>-encipher <var>filename</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="encipher"></a>-encipher <var>filename</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Encipher pixels for later deciphering by <a href="command-line-options.html#decipher">-decipher</a>.</p>
<p>Get the passphrase from the file specified by <var>filename</var>.</p>
-<p>For more information, see the webpage, <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/cipher.html">ImageMagick: Encipher or
+<p>For more information, see the webpage, <a
+href="../www/cipher.html">ImageMagick: Encipher or
Decipher an Image</a>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="encoding"></a>-encoding <var>type</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="encoding"></a>-encoding <var>type</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">specify the text encoding.</p>
-<p>Choose from <code>AdobeCustom</code>, <code>AdobeExpert</code>,
-<code>AdobeStandard</code>, <code>AppleRoman</code>, <code>BIG5</code>,
-<code>GB2312</code>, <code>Latin 2</code>, <code>None</code>, <code>SJIScode</code>,
-<code>Symbol</code>, <code>Unicode</code>, <code>Wansung</code>.</p>
+<p>Choose from</p>
+
+<pre class="highlight"><code>AdobeCustom AdobeExpert
+AdobeStandard AppleRoman
+BIG5 GB2312
+Latin 2 None
+SJIScode Symbol
+Unicode Wansung
+</code></pre>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="endian"></a>-endian <var>type</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="endian"></a>-endian <var>type</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Specify endianness (<code>MSB</code> or <code>LSB</code>) of the image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="enhance"></a>-enhance</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="enhance"></a>-enhance</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Apply a digital filter to enhance a noisy image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="equalize"></a>-equalize</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="equalize"></a>-equalize</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">perform histogram equalization on the image channel-by-channel.</p>
-colorspace RGB</code> ...</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="evaluate"></a>-evaluate <var>operator value</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="evaluate"></a>-evaluate <var>operator value</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression.</p>
-<p>(See the <a href="command-line-options.html#function">-function</a> operator for some
-multi-parameter functions. See the <a href="command-line-options.html#fx">-fx</a> operator if more
+<p>(See the <a href="command-line-options.html#function" >-function</a> operator for some
+multi-parameter functions. See the <a href="command-line-options.html#fx" >-fx</a> operator if more
elaborate calculations are needed.)</p>
<p>The behaviors of each <var>operator</var> are summarized in the
normalized pixels are used, they are restored, following the other
calculations, to the full range by multiplying by <var>QuantumRange</var>.)</p>
-<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
- <col width="25%">
- <col width="75%">
+<table class="table table-sm table-striped">
+ <col width="25%" />
+ <col width="75%" />
<thead>
<tr>
<th><var>operator</var></th>
<tr><td>Exponential </td> <td>base-e exponential function</td></tr>
<tr><td>LeftShift </td> <td>Shift the pixel values left by <var>value</var> bits (i.e., multiply pixels by 2<sup><var>value</var></sup>).</td></tr>
<tr><td>Log </td> <td>Apply scaled logarithm to normalized pixels.</td></tr>
- <tr><td>Max </td> <td>Clip pixels at lower bound <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
+ <tr><td>Max </td> <td>Set pixels to maximum of <var>value</var> and current pixel <var>value</var> (i.e. set any pixels currently less than <var>value</var> to <var>value</var>).</td></tr>
<tr><td>Mean </td> <td>Add the <var>value</var> and divide by 2.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Median </td> <td>Choose the median value from an image sequence.</td></tr>
- <tr><td>Min </td> <td>Clip pixels at upper bound <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
+ <tr><td>Min </td> <td>Set pixels to minimum of <var>value</var> and current pixel <var>value</var> (i.e. set any pixels currently greater than <var>value</var> to <var>value</var>).</td></tr>
<tr><td>Multiply </td> <td>Multiply pixels by <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Or </td> <td>Binary OR of pixels with <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Pow </td> <td>Raise normalized pixels to the power <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Gaussian-noise</td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>Impulse-noise</td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>Laplacian-noise</td><td> </td></tr>
- <tr><td>Multiplicative-noise</td> <td>(These are equivalent to the corresponding <a href="command-line-options.html#noise">-noise</a> operators.)</td></tr>
+ <tr><td>Multiplicative-noise</td> <td>(These are equivalent to the corresponding <a href="command-line-options.html#noise" >-noise</a> operators.)</td></tr>
<tr><td>PoissonNoise</td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>Uniform-noise</td><td> </td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
-<p>The specified functions are applied only to each previously set <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> in the image. If necessary, the results of the
+<p>The specified functions are applied only to each previously set <a
+href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> in the image. If necessary, the results of the
calculations are truncated (clipped) to fit in the interval [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>]. The transparency channel of the image is
represented as a 'alpha' values (0 = fully transparent), so, for example, a
<code>Divide</code> by 2 of the alpha channel will make the image
<a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list evaluate</a>.</p>
<p>The results of the <code>Add</code>, <code>Subtract</code> and
-<code>Multiply</code> methods can also be achieved using either the <a href="command-line-options.html#level">-level</a> or the <a href="command-line-options.html#level">+level</a> operator, with
+<code>Multiply</code> methods can also be achieved using either the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> or the <a href="command-line-options.html#level" >+level</a> operator, with
appropriate argument, to linearly modify the overall range of color values.
-Please note, however, that <a href="command-line-options.html#level">-level</a> treats transparency as
-'matte' values (0 = opaque), while <a href="command-line-options.html#level">-evaluate</a> works with
+Please note, however, that <a href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> treats transparency as
+'matte' values (0 = opaque), while <a href="command-line-options.html#level" >-evaluate</a> works with
'alpha' values.</p>
<p><code>AddModulus</code> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.8-4 and provides
exp(<var>value</var> × <b><var>u</var></b>)
</p>
-<p> If the input image is squared, for example, using <a href="command-line-options.html#-function">-function polynomial "2 0 0"</a>, then a decaying Gaussian function will be
+<p> If the input image is squared, for example, using <a href="command-line-options.html#-function"
+>-function polynomial "2 0 0"</a>, then a decaying Gaussian function will be
the result.</p>
<p><code>Log</code> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.2-1 and works on
</p>
<p><code>Pow</code> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.1-9, and works on
-normalized pixel values. Note that <code>Pow</code> is related to the <a href="command-line-options.html#gamma">-gamma</a> operator. For example, <b>-gamma 2</b> is equivalent
+normalized pixel values. Note that <code>Pow</code> is related to the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#gamma" >-gamma</a> operator. For example, <b>-gamma 2</b> is equivalent
to <b>-evaluate pow 0.5</b>, i.e., a 'square root' function. The value used
-with <a href="command-line-options.html#gamma">-gamma</a> is simply the reciprocal of the value used
+with <a href="command-line-options.html#gamma" >-gamma</a> is simply the reciprocal of the value used
with <code>Pow</code>.</p>
<p><code>Cosine</code> and <code>Sine</code> was added as of IM v6.4.8-8 and
0.5 + 0.5 × cos(2 π <b><var>u</var></b> × <var>value</var>).
</p>
-<p>See also the <a href="command-line-options.html#function">-function</a> operator, which is a
+<p>See also the <a href="command-line-options.html#function" >-function</a> operator, which is a
multi-value version of evaluate. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="evaluate-sequence"></a>-evaluate-sequence <var>operator</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="evaluate-sequence"></a>-evaluate-sequence <var>operator</var></h3>
</div>
-<p class="magick-description">Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or
-logical expression over a sequence of images.</p>
+<p class="magick-description">Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression over a sequence of images. Ensure all the images in the sequence are in the same colorspace, otherwise you may get unexpected results, e.g. add <a href="command-line-options.html#colorspace" >-colorspace sRGB</a> to your command-line.</p>
-<p>To print a complete list of <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate-sequence">-evaluate-sequence</a> operators, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list evaluate</a>.</p>
+<p>To print a complete list of <a
+href="command-line-options.html#evaluate-sequence">-evaluate-sequence</a> operators, use <a
+href="command-line-options.html#list">-list evaluate</a>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="extent"></a>-extent <var>geometry</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="extent"></a>-extent <var>geometry</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Set the image size and offset.</p>
<p>If the image is enlarged, unfilled areas are set to the background color.
To position the image, use offsets in the <var>geometry</var>
specification or precede with a <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. To
-specify how to compose the image with the background, use <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a>.</p>
+specify how to compose the image with the background, use <a href="command-line-options.html#compose"
+>-compose</a>.</p>
<p>This command reduces or expands a JPEG image to fit on an 800x600
display. If the aspect ratio of the input image isn't exactly 4:3, then the
image is centered on an 800x600 black canvas: </p>
-<pre>
-convert input.jpg -resize 800x600 -background black -compose Copy \
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert input.jpg -resize 800x600 -background black -compose Copy \
-gravity center -extent 800x600 -quality 92 output.jpg
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="extract"></a>-extract <var>geometry</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="extract"></a>-extract <var>geometry</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Extract the specified area from image.</p>
<p>This option is most useful for extracting a subregion of a very large raw
image. Note that these two commands are equivalent:</p>
-<pre>
-convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480+1280+960 \
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480+1280+960 \
image.rgb image.png",
convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 'image.rgb[640x480+1280+960]' \
image.rgb image.png"
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
<p>If you omit the offsets, as in</p>
-<pre>
-convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480 \
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480 \
image.rgb image.png
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
<p>the image is <var>resized</var> to the specified dimensions instead,
equivalent to:</p>
-<pre>
-convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -resize 640x480 image.rgb image.png
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -resize 640x480 image.rgb image.png
+</code></pre>
<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="family"></a>-family <var>fontFamily</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="family"></a>-family <var>fontFamily</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Set a font family for text.</p>
(e.g., "Arial") or a family known to be similar is substituted (e.g.,
"Courier" might be used if "System" is requested but not found). </p>
-<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
+<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
+href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, <a
+href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="features"></a>-features <var>distance</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="features"></a>-features <var>distance</var></h3>
</div>
-<p class="magick-description">display (cooccurrence matrix) texture measure features for each channel in the image in each of four directions (horizontal, vertical, left and right diagonals) for the specified distance.</p>
-
-<pre>
-Angular Second Moment
-Contrast
-Correlation
-Sum of Squares Variance
-Inverse Difference Moment
-Sum Average
-Sum Variance
-Sum Entropy
-Entropy
-Difference Variance
-Difference Entropy
-Information Measure of Correlation 1
-Information Measure of Correlation 2
-Maximum Correlation Coefficient
-</pre>
+<p class="magick-description">display (co-occurrence matrix) texture measure features for each channel in the image in each of four directions (horizontal, vertical, left and right diagonals) for the specified distance.</p>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>Angular Second Moment Sum Entropy
+Contrast Entropy
+Correlation Difference Variance
+Sum of Squares Variance Difference Entropy
+Inverse Difference Moment Information Measure of Correlation 1
+Sum Average Information Measure of Correlation 2
+Sum Variance Maximum Correlation Coefficient
+</code></pre>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="fft"></a>-fft</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="fft"></a>-fft</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">implements the forward discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</p>
visualized directly. Therefore, the complex values are automagically separated
into a two-component image representation. The first component is the
magnitude of the complex number and the second is the phase of the complex
-number. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_numbers">Complex Numbers</a>.</p>
+number. See for example, <a
+href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_numbers">Complex Numbers</a>.</p>
<p>The magnitude and phase component images must be specified using image
formats that do not limit the color or compress the image. Thus, MIFF, TIF,
PFM, EXR and PNG are the recommended image formats to use. All of these
formats, except PNG support multi-frame images. So for example,</p>
-<pre>
-convert image.png -fft fft_image.miff
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert image.png -fft fft_image.miff
+</code></pre>
<p>generates a magnitude image as <code>fft_image.miff[0]</code> and a phase
image as <code>fft_image.miff[1]</code>. Similarly,</p>
-<pre>
-convert image.png -fft fft_image.png
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert image.png -fft fft_image.png
+</code></pre>
<p>generates a magnitude image as <code>fft_image-0.png</code> and a phase image
as <code>fft_image-1.png</code>. If you prefer this representation, then you can
-force any of the other formats to produce two output images by including <a href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">+adjoin</a> following -fft in the command line.</p>
+force any of the other formats to produce two output images by including <a
+href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">+adjoin</a> following -fft in the command line.</p>
<p>The input image can be any size, but if not square and even-dimensioned, it
is padded automagically to the larger of the width or height of the input
image and to an even number of pixels. The padding will occur at the bottom
and/or right sides of the input image. The resulting output magnitude and
-phase images is square at this size. The kind of padding relies on the <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting.</p>
+phase images is square at this size. The kind of padding relies on the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting.</p>
<p>Both output components will have dynamic ranges that fit within
[0, <var>QuantumRange</var>], so that HDRI need not be enabled.
enhance the darker values more in comparison to the lighter values. This can
be done, for example, as follows:</p>
-<pre>
-convert fft_image.miff[0] -contrast-stretch 0 \
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert fft_image.miff[0] -contrast-stretch 0 \
-evaluate log 1000 fft_image_spectrum.png"
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
-<p>where either <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a> 0 or <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level">-auto-level</a> is used to scale the image to full dynamic
+<p>where either <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a> 0 or <a
+href="command-line-options.html#auto-level">-auto-level</a> is used to scale the image to full dynamic
range, first. The argument to the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> log
typically is specified between 100 and 10,000, depending upon the amount of
detail that one wants to bring out in the spectrum. Larger values produce more
use either MIFF, TIF, PFM or MPC formats for the real and imaginary component
results, since they are formats that preserve both negative and fractional
values without clipping them or truncating the fractional part. With either
-MIFF or TIF, one should add -define quantum:format=32, to allow those image
+MIFF or TIF, one should add <code>-define quantum:format=32</code>, to allow those image
types to work properly in HDRI mode without clipping.</p>
-<p>The real and imaginary component images resulting from <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">+fft</a> are also square, even dimensioned images due to the same
+<p>The real and imaginary component images resulting from <a
+href="command-line-options.html#fft">+fft</a> are also square, even dimensioned images due to the same
padding that was discussed above for the magnitude and phase component
images.</p>
-<p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a href="high-dynamic-range.html">High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more
-about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages, <a href="http://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/fourier_transforms/fourier.html">Fred's Fourier Processing With ImageMagick page</a> or this <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a>
+<p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a
+href="high-dynamic-range.html" >High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more
+about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a
+href="../Usage/basics/#hdri" >Usage</a> pages, <a
+href="http://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/fourier_transforms/fourier.html"
+>Fred's Fourier Processing With ImageMagick page</a> or this <a
+ href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging" >Wikipedia</a>
entry. </p>
-<p>By default the FFT is normalized (and the IFT is not). Use "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> fourier:normalize=forward</code> to explicityly normalize the FFT and unnormalize the IFT.</p>
+<p>By default the FFT is normalized (and the IFT is not). Use "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> fourier:normalize=forward</code> to explicitly normalize the FFT and unnormalize the IFT.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="fill"></a>-fill <var>color</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="fill"></a>-fill <var>color</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">color to use when filling a graphic primitive.</p>
<p>This option accepts a color name, a hex color, or a numerical RGB, RGBA,
-HSL, HSLA, CMYK, or CMYKA specification. See <a href="color.html">Color Names</a> for
+HSL, HSLA, CMYK, or CMYKA specification. See <a href="color.html" >Color Names</a> for
a description of how to properly specify the color argument.</p>
<p>Enclose the color specification in quotation marks to prevent the "#" or
<p>For example,</p>
-<pre>
--fill blue
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-fill blue
-fill "#ddddff"
-fill "rgb(255,255,255)"
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
<p>To print a complete list of color names, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list color</a> option.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="filter"></a>-filter <var>type</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="filter"></a>-filter <var>type</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Use this <var>type</var> of filter when resizing or distorting an image.</p>
<p>Use this option to affect the resizing operation of an image during
-operations such as <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a>. For example you can use a simple resize filter such as:</p>
+operations such as <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#distort"
+>-distort</a>. For example you can use a simple resize filter such as:</p>
-<pre>
-Point Hermite Cubic
+<pre class="highlight"><code>Point Hermite Cubic
Box Gaussian Catrom
Triangle Quadratic Mitchell
-</pre>
+CubicSpline
+</code></pre>
+
+<p>Use <code>-define filter:lobes={2,3,4}</code> to specify the support size for filtering for the <code>CubicSpline</code> filter.</p>
<p>The <code>Bessel</code> and <code>Sinc</code> filter is also provided (as well
as a faster <code>SincFast</code> equivalent form). However these filters are
except via expert settings (see below). </p>
<p>Instead these special filter functions are typically windowed by a windowing
-function that the <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> setting defines. That is
+function that the <a href="command-line-options.html#filter" >-filter</a> setting defines. That is
using these functions will define a 'Windowed' filter, appropriate to the
operator involved. Windowed filters include: </p>
-<pre>
-Lanczos Hamming Parzen
+<pre class="highlight"><code>Lanczos Hamming Parzen
Blackman Kaiser Welsh
Hanning Bartlett Bohman
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
<p>Also one special self-windowing filter is also provided
<code>Lagrange</code>, which will automagically re-adjust its function depending
filter</a> option.</p>
<p>You can modify how the filter behaves as it scales your image through the
-use of these expert settings (see also <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a>):-</p>
+use of these expert settings (see also <a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> and <a
+href="command-line-options.html#set" >-set</a>):-</p>
-<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
+<table class="table table-sm table-striped">
<tr>
<td>-define filter:blur=<var>factor</var></td>
<td>Scale the X axis of the filter (and its window). Use > 1.0 for
<td>-define filter:support=<var>radius</var></td>
<td>Set the filter support radius. Defines how large the filter should be and
thus directly defines how slow the filtered resampling process is. All
- filters have a default 'prefered' support size. Some filters like
+ filters have a default 'preferred' support size. Some filters like
<code>Lagrange</code> and windowed filters adjust themselves depending on
this value. With simple filters this value either does nothing (but slow
the resampling), or will clip the filter function in a detrimental way.
<tr>
<td>-define filter:sigma=<var>value</var></td>
<td>The 'sigma' value used to define the <code>Gaussian</code> filter. Default
- sigma value is '<code>0.5</code>'. It only effects <code>Gaussian</code> but
+ sigma value is '<code>0.5</code>'. It only affects <code>Gaussian</code> but
does not shrink (but may enlarge) the filter's 'support'. It can be used
to generate very small blurs but without the filter 'missing' pixels due
to using a small support setting. A larger value of '<code>0.707</code>'
<tr>
<td>-define filter:b=<var>b-spline_factor</var></td>
- </tr><tr>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr>
<td>-define filter:c=<var>keys_alpha_factor</var></td>
<td>Redefine the values used for cubic filters such as <code>Cubic</code>,
<code>Catrom</code>, <code>Mitchel</code>, and <code>Hermite</code>, as well as
<tr>
<td>-define filter:kaiser-beta=<var>value</var></td>
<td>The 'alpha' value used to as part of the Kaiser Windowing function.
- Default value is '6.5'. It only effects Kaiser windowing function, and
- does not effect any other attributes.
+ Default value is '6.5'. It only affects Kaiser windowing function, and
+ does not affect any other attributes.
Before ImageMagick v6.7.6-10, this option was known as "filter:alpha", (an
inheritance from the very old "zoom" program). It was changed to bring the
function in line with more modern academic research usage, and better
<tr>
<td>-define filter:kaiser-alpha=<var>value</var></td>
<td>This value when multiplied by 'PI' is equivalent to "kaiser-beta", and
- will override that setting. It only effects Kaiser windowing function,
- and does not effect any other attributes. </td>
+ will override that setting. It only affects Kaiser windowing function,
+ and does not affect any other attributes. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<p>For example, to get a 8 lobe jinc windowed sinc filter (Genseng filter?):</p>
-<pre>
-convert image.png \
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert image.png \
-filter sinc \
-set filter:window=jinc \
-set filter:lobes=8 \
- -resize 150% image.jpg"
-</pre>
+ -resize 150% image.jpg"
+</code></pre>
<p>Or a raw un-windowed Sinc filter with 4 lobes:</p>
-<pre>
-convert image.png \
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert image.png \
-set filter:filter=sinc \
-set filter:lobes=4 \
- -resize 150% image.jpg"
-</pre>
+ -resize 150% image.jpg"
+</code></pre>
<p>To extract the data for a raw windowing function, combine it with
a '<code>Box</code>' filter. For example the '<code>Welch</code> parabolic
windowing function. </p>
-<pre>
-convert null: -define filter:filter=Box \
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert null: -define filter:filter=Box \
-define filter:window=Welch \
-define filter:support=1.0 \
-define filter:verbose=1 \
- -resize 2 null: > window_welch.dat
+ -resize 2 null: > window_welch.dat
gnuplot
set grid
plot \"window_welch.dat\" with lines
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
<p>Note that the use of expert options is provided for image processing experts
who have studied and understand how resize filters work. Without this
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="flatten"></a>-flatten</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="flatten"></a>-flatten</h3>
</div>
-<p class="magick-description">This is a simple alias for the <a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers</a> method "flatten".</p>
+<p class="magick-description">This is a simple alias for the <a href="command-line-options.html#layers" >-layers</a> method "flatten".</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="flip"></a>-flip</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="flip"></a>-flip</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">create a <var>mirror image</var></p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="floodfill"></a>-floodfill {<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var> <var>color</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="floodfill"></a>-floodfill {<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var> <var>color</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">floodfill the image with color at the specified offset.</p>
-<p>Flood fill starts from the given 'seed point' which is not gravity effected.
-Any color that matches within <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz">-fuzz</a> color distance of the
+<p>Flood fill starts from the given 'seed point' which is not gravity affected.
+Any color that matches within <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> color distance of the
given <var>color</var> argument, connected to that 'seed point'
-will be replaced with the current <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> color. </p>
+will be replaced with the current <a href="command-line-options.html#fill" >-fill</a> color. </p>
<p>Note that if the pixel at the 'seed point' does not itself match the given
-<var>color</var> (according to <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz">-fuzz</a>), then no
+<var>color</var> (according to <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a>), then no
action will be taken. </p>
-<p>This operator works more like the <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque">-opaque</a> option, than
+<p>This operator works more like the <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque" >-opaque</a> option, than
a more general flood fill that reads the matching color directly at the 'seed
-point'. For this form of flood fill, look at <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> and
+point'. For this form of flood fill, look at <a href="command-line-options.html#draw" >-draw</a> and
its 'color floodfill' drawing method. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="flop"></a>-flop</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="flop"></a>-flop</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">create a <var>mirror image</var>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="font"></a>-font <var>name</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="font"></a>-font <var>name</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">set the font to use when annotating images with text, or creating labels.</p>
is a TrueType font file, <code>ps:helvetica</code> is PostScript font, and
<code>x:fixed</code> is X11 font.</p>
-<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
+<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
+href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, <a
+href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="foreground"></a>-foreground <var>color</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="foreground"></a>-foreground <var>color</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Define the foreground color for menus.", "display</p>
-<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
+<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
<p>The default foreground color is black.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="format"></a>-format <var>type</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="format"></a>-format <var>type</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">the image format type.</p>
<p>When used with the <code>mogrify</code> utility, this option converts any
image to the image <a href="formats.html">format</a> you specify.
-For a list of image format types supported by ImageMagick, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list format</a>.</p>
+For a list of image format types supported by ImageMagick, use <a
+href="command-line-options.html#list">-list format</a>.</p>
<p>By default the file is written to its original name. However, if the
filename extension matches a supported format, the extension is replaced with
filename becomes <var>image.tiff</var>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="format_identify_"></a>-format <var>string</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="format_identify_"></a>-format <var>string</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">output formatted image characteristics.</p>
option.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="frame"></a>-frame <var>geometry</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="frame"></a>-frame <var>geometry</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Surround the image with a border or beveled frame.</p>
-<p>The color of the border is specified with the <a href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor">-mattecolor</a> command line option. </p>
+<p>The color of the border is specified with the <a href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor"
+>-mattecolor</a> command line option. </p>
<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <var>size</var> portion of the <var>geometry</var> argument indicates the amount of extra width and
height that is added to the dimensions of the image. If no offsets are given
<var>y</var> pixels. Negative offsets make no sense as frame arguments.
</p>
-<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option is affected by the current <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> setting and assumes that this is using the default
+<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option is affected by the current <a
+href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> setting and assumes that this is using the default
'<code>Over</code>' composition method. It generates an image of the appropriate
size with the current <a href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting, and then
-draws the frame of four distinct colors close to the current <a href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor">-mattecolor</a>. The original image is then overlaid onto
+draws the frame of four distinct colors close to the current <a
+href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor">-mattecolor</a>. The original image is then overlaid onto
center of this image. This means that with the default compose method of
-'<code>Over</code>' any transparent parts may be replaced by the current <a href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
+'<code>Over</code>' any transparent parts may be replaced by the current <a
+href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
<p>The image composition is not
affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="frame_import_"></a>-frame</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="frame_import_"></a>-frame</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">include the X window frame in the imported image. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="function"></a>-function <var>function</var> <var>parameters</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="function"></a>-function <var>function</var> <var>parameters</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Apply a function to channel values.</p>
<p>This operator performs calculations based on the given arguments to modify
-each of the color values for each previously set <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> in the image. See <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> for details concerning how the results of the
+each of the color values for each previously set <a
+href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> in the image. See <a
+href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> for details concerning how the results of the
calculations are handled.</p>
-<p>This is can be considered a multi-argument version of the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator. (Added in
+<p>This is can be considered a multi-argument version of the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator. (Added in
ImageMagick 6.4.8−8.)</p>
<p>Here, <var>parameters</var> is a comma-separated list of
numerical values. The number of values varies depending on which <var>function</var> is selected. Choose the <var>function</var> from:</p>
-<pre>
-Polynomial
+<pre class="highlight"><code>Polynomial
Sinusoid
Arcsin
Arctan
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
<p>To print a complete list of <a href="command-line-options.html#function">-function</a> operators,
use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list function</a>. Descriptions follow.</p>
-<dl class="dl-horizontal">
- <dt>Polynomial</dt>
- <dd><p>The <code>Polynomial</code> function takes an arbitrary number of parameters,
+<dl class="row">
+ <dt class="col-md-4">Polynomial</dt>
+ <dd
class="col-md-8"><p>The <code>Polynomial</code> function takes an arbitrary number of parameters,
these being the coefficients of a polynomial, in decreasing order of degree.
That is, entering</p>
-<pre>
--function Polynomial <var>a</var><sub><var>n</var></sub>,<var>a</var><sub><var>n</var>-1</sub>,...<var>a</var><sub>1</sub>,<var>a</var><sub>0</sub>
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-function Polynomial <var>a</var><sub><var>n</var></sub>,<var>a</var><sub><var>n</var>-1</sub>,...<var>a</var><sub>1</sub>,<var>a</var><sub>0</sub>
+</code></pre>
<p>will invoke a polynomial function given by</p>
-<pre>
-<var>a</var><sub><var>n</var></sub> <b><var>u</var></b><sup><var>n</var></sup> + <var>a</var><sub><var>n</var>-1</sub> <b><var>u</var></b><sup><var>n</var>-1</sup> + ··· <var>a</var><sub>1</sub> <b><var>u</var></b> + <var>a</var><sub>0</sub>,
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code><var>a</var><sub><var>n</var></sub> <b><var>u</var></b><sup><var>n</var></sup> + <var>a</var><sub><var>n</var>-1</sub> <b><var>u</var></b><sup><var>n</var>-1</sup> + ··· <var>a</var><sub>1</sub> <b><var>u</var></b> + <var>a</var><sub>0</sub>,
+</code></pre>
<p>where <b><var>u</var></b> is pixel's original normalized channel value.</p>
<p>The <code>Polynomial</code> function can be used in place of <code>Set</code>
(the <var>constant</var> polynomial) and <code>Add</code>, <code>Divide</code>,
<code>Multiply</code>, and <code>Subtract</code> (some <var>linear</var>
-polynomials) of the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator. The <a href="command-line-options.html#level">-level</a> operator also affects channels linearly. Some
+polynomials) of the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator. The <a
+href="command-line-options.html#level">-level</a> operator also affects channels linearly. Some
correspondences follow.</p>
-<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
+<table class="table table-sm table-striped">
<tr>
<td>-evaluate Set <var>value</var> </td>
<td>-function Polynomial <var>value</var></td>
desired.</p>
</dd>
-<dt>Sinusoid</dt>
-<dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">Sinusoid</dt>
+<dd class="col-md-8">
<p>The <code>Sinusoid</code> function can be used to vary the channel values
sinusoidally by setting frequency, phase shift, amplitude, and a bias. These
values are given as one to four parameters, as follows,</p>
-<pre>
--function <code>Sinusoid</code> <var>freq</var>,[<var>phase</var>,[<var>amp</var>,[<var>bias</var>]]]
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-function <code>Sinusoid</code> <var>freq</var>,[<var>phase</var>,[<var>amp</var>,[<var>bias</var>]]]
+</code></pre>
<p>where <var>phase</var> is in degrees. (The domain [0,1] of the function
corresponds to 0 through <var>freq</var>×360 degrees.)
The result is that if a pixel's normalized channel value is originally
<b><var>u</var></b>, its resulting normalized value is given by </p>
-<pre>
-<var>amp</var> * sin(2*π* (<var>freq</var> * <b><var>u</var></b> + <var>phase</var> / 360)) + <var>bias</var>
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code><var>amp</var> * sin(2*π* (<var>freq</var> * <b><var>u</var></b> + <var>phase</var> / 360)) + <var>bias</var>
+</code></pre>
<p> For example, the following generates a curve that starts and ends at 0.9
(when <b><var>u</var></b>=0 and 1, resp.), oscillating three times between
.7−.2=.5 and .7+.2=.9. </p>
-<pre>
--function Sinusoid 3,-90,.2,.7
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-function Sinusoid 3,-90,.2,.7
+</code></pre>
<p>The default values of <var>amp</var> and <var>bias</var> are both .5. The default for <var>phase</var>
is 0.</p>
<code>Cos</code> of the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator by allowing
varying amplitude, phase and bias. The correspondence is as follows.</p>
-<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
+<table class="table table-sm table-striped">
<tr>
<td>-evaluate Sin <var>freq</var> </td>
<td>-function Sinusoid <var>freq</var>,0 </td>
</tr>
</table>
</dd>
-<dt>ArcSin</dt>
-<dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">ArcSin</dt>
+<dd class="col-md-8">
<p>The <code>ArcSin</code> function generates the inverse curve of a Sinusoid,
and can be used to generate cylindrical distortion and displacement maps.
The curve can be adjusted relative to both the input values and output range
of values.</p>
-<pre>
--function <code>ArcSin</code> <var>width</var>,[<var>center</var>,[<var>range</var>,[<var>bias</var>]]]
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-function <code>ArcSin</code> <var>width</var>,[<var>center</var>,[<var>range</var>,[<var>bias</var>]]]
+</code></pre>
<p>with all values given in terms of normalized color values (0.0 for black,
1.0 for white). Defaulting to values covering the full range from 0.0 to 1.0
for bout input (<var>width</var>), and output (<var>width</var>) values. '<code>1.0,0.5,1.0,0.5</code>' </p>
-<pre>
-<var>range</var>/π * asin( 2/<var>width</var> * ( <b><var>u</var></b> - <var>center</var> ) ) + <var>bias</var>
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code><var>range</var>/π * asin( 2/<var>width</var> * ( <b><var>u</var></b> - <var>center</var> ) ) + <var>bias</var>
+</code></pre>
</dd>
-<dt>ArcTan</dt>
-<dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">ArcTan</dt>
+<dd class="col-md-8">
<p>The <code>ArcTan</code> function generates a curve that smooth crosses from
limit values at infinities, though a center using the given slope value.
All these values can be adjusted via the arguments.</p>
-<pre>
--function <code>ArcTan</code> <var>slope</var>,[<var>center</var>,[<var>range</var>,[<var>bias</var>]]]
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-function <code>ArcTan</code> <var>slope</var>,[<var>center</var>,[<var>range</var>,[<var>bias</var>]]]
+</code></pre>
<p>Defaulting to '<code>1.0,0.5,1.0,0.5</code>'.
</p>
-<pre>
-<var>range</var>/π * atan( <var>slope</var>*π * ( <b><var>u</var></b> - <var>center</var> ) ) + <var>bias</var>
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code><var>range</var>/π * atan( <var>slope</var>*π * ( <b><var>u</var></b> - <var>center</var> ) ) + <var>bias</var>
+</code></pre>
</dd>
-
</dl>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="fuzz"></a>-fuzz <var>distance</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="fuzz"></a>-fuzz <var>distance</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Colors within this <var>distance</var> are considered equal.</p>
appending <code>%</code> as a percentage of the maximum possible intensity (255,
65535, or 4294967295).</p>
-<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz">+fuzz</a> to reset the fuzz value to 0.</p>
+<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >+fuzz</a> to reset the fuzz value to 0.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="fx"></a>-fx <var>expression</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="fx"></a>-fx <var>expression</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">apply a mathematical expression to an image or image channels.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="gamma"></a>-gamma <var>value</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="gamma"></a>-gamma <var>value</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">level of gamma correction.</p>
normalized or 0 to 1 color value. For example, using a value of gamma=2 is the
same as taking the square root of the image.</p>
-<p>You can apply separate gamma values to the red, green, and blue channels of
-the image with a gamma value list delimited with commas (e.g.,
-<code>1.7,2.3,1.2</code>).</p>
-
<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#gamma">+gamma <var>value</var></a> to set the
image gamma level without actually adjusting the image pixels. This option
is useful if the image is of a known gamma but not set as an image attribute
display gamma; e.g., if your image is sRGB and you want to write a PNG gAMA
chunk, use</p>
-<pre>
-convert input.png +gamma .45455 output.png
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert input.png +gamma .45455 output.png
+</code></pre>
<p>(0.45455 is 1/2.2)</p>
<p>Note that gamma adjustments are also available via the <a href="command-line-options.html#level">-level</a> operator.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="gaussian-blur"></a>-gaussian-blur <var>radius</var><br>-gaussian-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="gaussian-blur"></a>-gaussian-blur <var>radius</var><br />-gaussian-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Blur the image with a Gaussian operator.</p>
<p>Convolve the image with a Gaussian or normal distribution using the given
-<var>Sigma</var> value. The formula is:</p>
+<var >Sigma</var> value. The formula is:</p>
-<div class="eqn"><img alt="gaussian distribution" width="243px" height="42px" src="../images/gaussian-blur.png">
-</div>
+<p class="text-center"><img class="img-thumbnail" alt="gaussian distribution" width="243px" height="42px" src="../images/gaussian-blur.png"/> </p>
-<p>The <var>Sigma</var> value is the important argument, and
+<p>The <var >Sigma</var> value is the important argument, and
determines the actual amount of blurring that will take place. </p>
-<p>The <var>Radius</var> is only used to determine the size of the
+<p>The <var >Radius</var> is only used to determine the size of the
array which will hold the calculated Gaussian distribution. It should be an
integer. If not given, or set to zero, IM will calculate the largest possible
radius that will provide meaningful results for the Gaussian distribution.
</p>
-<p>The larger the <var>Radius</var> the radius the slower the
-operation is. However too small a <var>Radius</var>, and sever
-aliasing effects may result. As a guideline, <var>Radius</var>
-should be at least twice the <var>Sigma</var> value, though three
+<p>The larger the <var >Radius</var> the radius the slower the
+operation is. However too small a <var >Radius</var>, and severe
+aliasing effects may result. As a guideline, <var >Radius</var>
+should be at least twice the <var >Sigma</var> value, though three
times will produce a more accurate result. </p>
<p>This differs from the faster <a href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a> operator in that a
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="geometry"></a>-geometry <var>geometry</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="geometry"></a>-geometry <var>geometry</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Set the preferred size and location of the image.</p>
<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="gravity"></a>-gravity <var>type</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="gravity"></a>-gravity <var>type</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Sets the current gravity suggestion for various other settings and options.</p>
<p>Choices include: <code>NorthWest</code>, <code>North</code>,
<code>NorthEast</code>, <code>West</code>, <code>Center</code>, <code>East</code>,
-<code>SouthWest</code>, <code>South</code>, <code>SouthEast</code>. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list gravity</a> to get a complete list of <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> settings available in your ImageMagick
+<code>SouthWest</code>, <code>South</code>, <code>SouthEast</code>. Use <a
+href="command-line-options.html#list">-list gravity</a> to get a complete list of <a
+href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> settings available in your ImageMagick
installation.</p>
<p>The direction you choose specifies where to position text or subimages. For
example, a gravity of <code>Center</code> forces the text to be centered within
-the image. By default, the image gravity is <code>NorthWest</code>. See <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for more details about graphic primitives. Only the
-text primitive of <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> is affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option.</p>
+the image. By default, the image gravity is <code>undefined</code>. See <a
+href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for more details about graphic primitives. Only the
+text primitive of <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> is affected by the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option.</p>
<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is also used in concert with the
<a href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-geometry</a> setting and other settings or options that
-take <var>geometry</var> as an argument, such as the <a href="command-line-options.html#crop">-crop</a> option. </p>
+take <var>geometry</var> as an argument, such as the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#crop">-crop</a> option. </p>
<p>If a <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting occurs before another option
or setting having a <var>geometry</var> argument that specifies an
region itself, which is <var>centered</var> at the pixel
coordinate (60,70). (See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.)</p>
-<pre>
-convert image.png -gravity Center -region 10x10-40+20 \
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert image.png -gravity Center -region 10x10-40+20 \
-negate output.png
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
-<p>When used as an option to <a href="composite.html">composite</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that the image gravitates
+<p>When used as an option to <a href="composite.html">composite</a>, <a
+href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that the image gravitates
within the composite.</p>
-<p>When used as an option to <a href="montage.html">montage</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that an image gravitates
+<p>When used as an option to <a href="montage.html">montage</a>, <a
+href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that an image gravitates
within a tile. The default gravity is <code>Center</code> for this purpose.</p>
+<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">+gravity</a> to return gravity to its default value.</p>
+
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="grayscale"></a>-grayscale <var>method</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="grayscale"></a>-grayscale <var>method</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">convert image to grayscale.</p>
-<p>This will use one of the <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity">-intensity</a> methods to
-convert the given image into a linear-grayscale image. </p>
+<p>This will use one of the <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> methods to
+convert the given image into a grayscale image. </p>
<p>For example, to convert an image to (linear) Rec709Luminance grayscale, type:</p>
-<pre>
-convert in.png -grayscale Rec709Luminance out.png
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert in.png -grayscale Rec709Luminance out.png
+</code></pre>
<p>which is equivalent to:</p>
-<pre>
-convert in.png -colorspace gray out.png
+<pre class="highlight">
+<code>convert in.png -colorspace RGB -colorspace Gray out.png</code>
+or
+<code>convert in.png -colorspace LinearGray out.png</code>
</pre>
+<p>Note that LinearGray is new as of Imagemagick 6.9.9-29 and 7.0.7-17.</p>
+
<p>Similarly, to convert an image to (non-linear) Rec709Luma grayscale, type:</p>
-<pre>
-convert in.png -grayscale Rec709Luma out.png
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert in.png -grayscale Rec709Luma out.png
+</code></pre>
<p>which is equivalent to:</p>
-<pre>
-convert in.png -set colorspace RGB -colorspace gray out.png
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert in.png -colorspace Gray out.png
+</code></pre>
<p>Note that a 'colorspace' intensity method will produce the same result
regardless of the current colorpsace of the image. But a 'mathematical'
-intensity method will depend on the current colorspace the image is currently
+intensity method depends on the current colorspace the image is currently
using. </p>
-<p>While this operation uses an <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity">-intensity</a> method,
-it does not use or set the <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity">-intensity</a> setting, so
-will not effect other operations that may use that setting.</p>
+<p>While this operation uses an <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> method,
+it does not use or set the <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> setting, so
+will not affect other operations that may use that setting.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="green-primary"></a>-green-primary <var>x,y</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="green-primary"></a>-green-primary <var>x,y</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">green chromaticity primary point.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="hald-clut"></a>-hald-clut</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="hald-clut"></a>-hald-clut</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">apply a Hald color lookup table to the image.</p>
can apply any color transformation to the Hald image and then use this option
to apply the transform to the image. </p>
-<pre>
-convert image.png hald.png -hald-clut transform.png
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert image.png hald.png -hald-clut transform.png
+</code></pre>
<p>This option provides a convenient method for you to use Gimp or Photoshop
to make color corrections to the Hald CLUT image and subsequently apply them
<p>Note that the representation is only of the normal RGB color space and that
the whole color value triplet is used for the interpolated lookup of the
-represented Hald color cube image. Because of this the operation is not <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting effected, nor can it adjust or modify an
+represented Hald color cube image. Because of this the operation is not <a
+href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting affected, nor can it adjust or modify an
images transparency or alpha/matte channel.</p>
-<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#clut">-clut</a> which provides color value replacement
-of the individual color channels, usually involving a simpler gray-scale
-image. E.g: gray-scale to color replacement, or modification by a histogram
+<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#clut" >-clut</a> which provides color value replacement
+of the individual color channels, usually involving a simpler grayscale
+image. E.g: grayscale to color replacement, or modification by a histogram
mapping. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="help"></a>-help</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="help"></a>-help</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">print usage instructions.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="highlight-color"></a>-highlight-color <var>color</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="highlight-color"></a>-highlight-color <var>color</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">when comparing images, emphasize pixel differences with this color.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="hough-lines"></a>-hough-lines <var>width</var>x<var>height</var>{<var>+threshold</var>}</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="hough-lines"></a>-hough-lines <var>width</var>x<var>height</var>{<var>+threshold</var>}</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">identify straight lines in the image (e.g. -hough-lines 9x9+195).</p>
<p>The WxH arguments specify the filter size for locating the peaks in the Hough accumulator. The threshold excludes lines whose counts are less than the threshold value.</p>
-<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#background">-background</a></code> to specify the color of the background onto which the lines will be drawn. The default is black.</p>
+<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#background" >-background</a></code> to specify the color of the background onto which the lines will be drawn. The default is black.</p>
-<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a></code> to specify the color of the lines. The default is black.</p>
+<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#fill" >-fill</a></code> to specify the color of the lines. The default is black.</p>
-<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke</a></code> and <code><a href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a></code> to specify the thickness of the lines. The default is black and no strokewidth.</p>
+<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#stroke" >-stroke</a></code> and <code><a href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth" >-strokewidth</a></code> to specify the thickness of the lines. The default is black and no strokewidth.</p>
<p>A text file listing the endpoints and counts may be created by using the suffix, .mvg, for the output image.</p>
-<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> hough-lines:accumulator=true</code> to return the accumulator image in addition to the lines image.</p>
+<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> hough-lines:accumulator=true</code> to return the accumulator image in addition to the lines image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="iconGeometry"></a>-iconGeometry <var>geometry</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="iconGeometry"></a>-iconGeometry <var>geometry</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">specify the icon geometry.</p>
<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="iconic"></a>-iconic</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="iconic"></a>-iconic</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">start in icon mode in X Windows", 'animate', 'display</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="identify"></a>-identify</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="identify"></a>-identify</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">identify the format and characteristics of the image.</p>
a description of the image class.</p>
<p>If <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> is also specified, the total unique colors
-in the image and color reduction error values are printed. Refer to <a href="quantize.html">color
+in the image and color reduction error values are printed. Refer to <a
+href="../www/quantize.html">color
reduction algorithm</a> for a description of these values.</p>
<p>If <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose">-verbose</a> precedes this option, copious
image histogram, and others.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="ift"></a>-ift</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="ift"></a>-ift</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">implements the inverse discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</p>
<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows
users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms a pair of magnitude and phase
images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal or spatial
-domain. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform">Fourier Transform</a>,
+domain. See for example, <a
+href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform">Fourier Transform</a>,
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT">Discrete Fourier Transform</a> and
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT">Fast Fourier Transform</a>.</p>
<p>For example, depending upon the image format used to store the result of
the <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">-fft</a>, one would use either</p>
-<pre>
-convert fft_image.miff -ift fft_image_ift.png
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert fft_image.miff -ift fft_image_ift.png
+</code></pre>
<p>or</p>
-<pre>
-convert fft_image-0.png fft_image-1.png -ift fft_image_ift.png
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert fft_image-0.png fft_image-1.png -ift fft_image_ift.png
+</code></pre>
<p>The resulting image may need to be cropped due to padding introduced when
-the original image, prior to the <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">-fft</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">+fft</a>, was not square or even dimensioned. Any padding is at
+the original image, prior to the <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">-fft</a> or <a
+href="command-line-options.html#fft">+fft</a>, was not square or even dimensioned. Any padding is at
the right and/or bottom sides of the image.</p>
<p>The <a href="http://www.fftw.org/">FFTW</a> delegate library is required to
and imaginary images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal
(spatial) domain.</p>
-<p>By default the IFT is not normalized (and the FFT is). Use "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> fourier:normalize=inverse</code> to explictly normalize the IFT and unnormalize the FFT.</p>
+<p>By default the IFT is not normalized (and the FFT is). Use "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> fourier:normalize=inverse</code> to explicitly normalize the IFT and unnormalize the FFT.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="immutable"></a>-immutable</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="immutable"></a>-immutable</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">make image immutable.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="implode"></a>-implode <var>factor</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="implode"></a>-implode <var>factor</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">implode image pixels about the center.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="insert"></a>-insert <var>index</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="insert"></a>-insert <var>index</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">insert the last image into the image sequence.</p>
Consequently this has no effect on the image sequence order.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="intensity"></a>-intensity <var>method</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="intensity"></a>-intensity <var>method</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">method to generate intensity value from pixel.</p>
<p>ImageMagick provides a number of methods used in situations where an
-operatory needs to determine a single grayscale value for some purpose, from
-an image with red, green, and blue pixel components. Typically the linear
-<code>Rec709Luminance</code> formula is used, which is the same formula used when
-converting images to <code>-colorspace gray</code>. </p>
+operator needs to determine a single grayscale value for some purpose, from
+an image with red, green, and blue pixel components. Typically the
+<code>Rec709Luma</code> formula is used, which is the same formula used when converting images to <code>-colorspace gray</code>. </p>
<p>The following formulas are currently provided, and will first convert
the pixel values to linear-RGB or non-linear sRGB colorspace before
-being applied to calulate the final greyscale value. </p>
-
-<pre>
- Rec601Luma 0.298839R' + 0.586811G'+ 0.114350B'
- Rec601Luminance 0.298839R + 0.586811G + 0.114350B
- Rec709Luma 0.212656R' + 0.715158G' + 0.072186B'
- Rec709Luminance 0.212656R + 0.715158G + 0.072186B
- Brightness max(R', G', B')
- Lightness (min(R', G', B') + max(R', G', B')) / 2.0
-</pre>
+being applied to calculate the final greyscale value. </p>
+
+<dl class="row">
+<dt class="col-md-4">Rec601Luma</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> 0.298839R' + 0.586811G'+ 0.114350B'</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">Rec601Luminance</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> 0.298839R + 0.586811G + 0.114350B</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">Rec709Luma</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> 0.212656R' + 0.715158G' + 0.072186B'</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">Rec709Luminance</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> 0.212656R + 0.715158G + 0.072186B</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">Brightness</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> max(R', G', B')</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">Lightness</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> (min(R', G', B') + max(R', G', B')) / 2.0</dd>
+</dl>
+
<p>Note that the above R,G,B values is the image's linear-RGB values, while
R',G',B' are sRGB non-linear values. </p>
current value in the images respective R,G,B channel regardless of
what that is, or what colorspace the image is currently using.</p>
-<pre>
- Average (R + G + B) / 3.0
- MS (R^2 + G^2 + B^2) / 3.0
- RMS sqrt( (R^2 + G^2 + B^2) / 3.0 )
-</pre>
+<dl class="row">
+<dt class="col-md-4">Average</dt><dd class="col-md-8">(R' + G' + B') / 3.0</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">MS</dt><dd class="col-md-8">(R'^2 + G'^2 + B'^2) / 3.0</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">RMS</dt><dd class="col-md-8">sqrt( (R'^2 + G'^2 + B'^2) / 3.0 )</dd>
+</dl>
<p>These methods are often used for other purposes, such as generating a
-grayscale difference image between two color images (using <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> '<code>Difference</code>' composition. </p>
+grayscale difference image between two color images (using <a href="command-line-options.html#compose"
+>-compose</a> '<code>Difference</code>' composition. </p>
<p> For example The 'MS' (Mean Squared) setting is good for minimizing color
error comparisions. While... The method 'RMS' (Root Mean Squared) for
example is appropriate for calculating color vector distance, from a color
-difference image. This is equivalent to the color only component of the <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz">-fuzz</a> factor color compare setting. </p>
+difference image. This is equivalent to the color only component of the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor color compare setting. </p>
-<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#grayscale">-grayscale</a> which applies one of the above
-grayscaling formula directly to an image without setting the <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity">-intensity</a> setting.</p>
+<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#grayscale" >-grayscale</a> which applies one of the above
+grayscaling formula directly to an image without setting the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> setting.</p>
-<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#colorspace">-colorspace gray</a> image conversion also uses
+<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#colorspace" >-colorspace gray</a> image conversion also uses
the current intensity setting, but will always convert the image to the
appropriate sRGB or linear-RGB colorspace before appling the above
function.</p>
-<p>To print a complete list of posible pixel intensity setting methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list intensity</a>.</p>
+<p>To print a complete list of pos
sible pixel intensity setting methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list intensity</a>.</p>
-<p>Operators affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity">-intensity</a> setting include:</p>
+<p>Operators affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> setting include:</p>
-<pre>
--adaptive-blur
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-adaptive-blur
-adaptive-sharpen
-black-threshold
-clut (when mapping greyscale CLUT image to alpha channel if set by -channels)
-threshold
-tint
-white-threshold
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="intent"></a>-intent <var>type</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="intent"></a>-intent <var>type</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">use this type of rendering intent when managing the image color.</p>
<p>To print a complete list of rendering intents, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list intent</a>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="interlace"></a>-interlace <var>type</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="interlace"></a>-interlace <var>type</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">the type of interlacing scheme.</p>
<p>Choose from:</p>
-<pre>
- none
- line
- plane
- partition
- JPEG
- GIF
- PNG
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>none
+line
+plane
+partition
+JPEG
+GIF
+PNG
+</code></pre>
<p>This option is used to specify the type of interlacing scheme for raw image
formats such as <code>RGB</code> or <code>YUV</code>.</p>
interlace</a>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="interpolate"></a>-interpolate <var>type</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="interpolate"></a>-interpolate <var>type</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Set the pixel color interpolation method to use when looking up a color based on a floating point or real value.</p>
the pixels surrounding that point. That is how to determine the color of a
point that falls between two, or even four different colored pixels. </p>
-<dl class="dl-horizontal">
- <dt>integer</dt>
- <dd>The color of the top-left pixel (floor function)</dd>
- <dt>nearest-neighbor</dt>
- <dd>The nearest pixel to the lookup point (rounded function)</dd>
- <dt>average</dt>
- <dd>The average color of the surrounding four pixels</dd>
- <dt>bilinear</dt>
- <dd>A double linear interpolation of pixels (the default)</dd>
- <dt>mesh</dt>
- <dd>Divide area into two flat triangular interpolations</dd>
- <dt>bicubic</dt>
- <dd>Fitted bicubic-spines of surrounding 16 pixels</dd>
- <dt>spline</dt>
- <dd>Direct spline curves (colors are blurred)</dd>
- <dt>filter</dt>
- <dd>Use resize <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> settings</dd>
+<dl class="row">
+ <dt class="col-md-4">average</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">The average color of the surrounding four pixels</dd>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">average4</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">The average color of the surrounding four pixels</dd>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">average9</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">The average color of the surrounding nine pixels</dd>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">average16</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">The average color of the surrounding sixteen pixels</dd>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">background</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8"> </dd>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">bilinear</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">A double linear interpolation of pixels (the default)</dd>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">blend</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8"> </dd>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">catrom</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">Fitted bicubic-spines of surrounding 16 pixels</dd>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">integer</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">The color of the top-left pixel (floor function)</dd>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">mesh</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">Divide area into two flat triangular interpolations</dd>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">nearest-neighbor</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">The nearest pixel to the lookup point (rounded function)</dd>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">spline</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">Direct spline curves (colors are blurred)</dd>
</dl>
-<p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#implode">-implode</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#transform">-transform</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#fx">-fx</a>. </p>
+<p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#distort"
+>-distort</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#implode" >-implode</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#transform"
+>-transform</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#fx" >-fx</a>. </p>
<p>To print a complete list of interpolation methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list interpolate</a>.</p>
-<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a>, for control of the
+<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel" >-virtual-pixel</a>, for control of the
lookup for positions outside the boundaries of the image. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="interline-spacing"></a>-interline-spacing <var>value</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="interline-spacing"></a>-interline-spacing <var>value</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">the space between two text lines.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="interword-spacing"></a>-interword-spacing <var>value</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="interword-spacing"></a>-interword-spacing <var>value</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">the space between two words.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="kerning"></a>-kerning <var>value</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="kerning"></a>-kerning <var>value</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">the space between two letters.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="kuwahara"></a>-kuwahara <var>radius</var><br>-kuwahara <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="kuwahara"></a>-kuwahara <var>radius</var><br />-kuwahara <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">edge preserving noise reduction filter.</p>
-<p>The <var>radius</var> is more important than the <var>sigma</var>. If <var>sigma</var> is left off, it will be computed automatically from the <var>radius</var> as <var>sigma</var>=<var>radius</var>-0.5. The <var>sigma</var> provides a bit of additional smoothing control.</p>
+<p>The <var >radius</var> is more important than the <var >sigma</var>. If <var >sigma</var> is left off, it will be computed automatically from the <var >radius</var> as <var >sigma</var>=<var >radius</var>-0.5. The <var >sigma</var> provides a bit of additional smoothing control.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="label"></a>-label <var>name</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="label"></a>-label <var>name</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">assign a label to an image.</p>
<p>Use this option to assign a specific label to the image, as it is read in
-or created. You can use the <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> operation to re-assign
+or created. You can use the <a href="command-line-options.html#set" >-set</a> operation to re-assign
a the labels of images already read in. Image formats such as TIFF, PNG,
MIFF, supports saving the label information with the image.</p>
<p>For example,</p>
-<pre>
--label "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-label "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
+</code></pre>
<p>assigns an image label of <code>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</code> to the
"<code>bird.miff</code>" image and whose width is 512 and height is 480, as it
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="lat"></a>-lat <var>width</var><br>-lat <var>width</var>x<var>height</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>offset</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="lat"></a>-lat <var>width</var><br />-lat <var>width</var>x<var>height</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>offset</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">perform local adaptive threshold.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="layers"></a>-layers <var>method</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="layers"></a>-layers <var>method</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">handle multiple images forming a set of image layers or animation frames.</p>
which may represent either a set of overlaid 'image layers', a GIF disposal
animation, or a fully-'coalesced' animation sequence. </p>
-<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
+<table class="table table-sm table-striped">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th style="width: 8%">Method</th>
<tr>
<td>compare-any</td>
<td>Crop the second and later frames to the smallest rectangle
- that contains all the differences between the two images. No GIF <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose">-dispose</a> methods are taken into account. </td>
+ that contains all the differences between the two images. No GIF <a
+ href="command-line-options.html#dispose" >-dispose</a> methods are taken into account. </td>
</tr>
- <tr><td></td><td>This exactly the same as the <a href="command-line-options.html#deconstruct">-deconstruct</a> operator, and does not preserve animations normal
+ <tr><td></td><td>This exactly the same as the <a href="command-line-options.html#deconstruct"
+ >-deconstruct</a> operator, and does not preserve animations normal
working, especially when animation used layer disposal methods such as
'<code>Previous</code>' or '<code>Background</code>'. </td>
</tr>
That is the smallest single overlaid image to add or change colors. </td>
</tr>
- <tr><td></td><td>This can be used with the <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> alpha
+ <tr><td></td><td>This can be used with the <a href="command-line-options.html#compose" >-compose</a> alpha
composition method '<code>change-mask</code>', to reduce the image to
just the pixels that need to be overlaid. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>coalesce</td>
- <td>Equivalent to a call to the <a href="command-line-options.html#coalesce">-coalesce</a> operator. Apply the layer disposal methods set in the
+ <td>Equivalent to a call to the <a href="command-line-options.html#coalesce"
+ >-coalesce</a> operator. Apply the layer disposal methods set in the
current image sequence to form a fully defined animation sequence, as
it should be displayed. Effectively converting a GIF animation into a
'film strip'-like animation. </td>
<tr><td></td>
- <td>The <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-geometry</a> offset is adjusted according
- to <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> in accordance of the virtual
- canvas size of the first image in each list. Unlike a normal <a href="command-line-options.html#composite">-composite</a> operation, the canvas offset is also
+ <td>The <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry" >-geometry</a> offset is adjusted according
+ to <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity" >-gravity</a> in accordance of the virtual
+ canvas size of the first image in each list. Unlike a normal <a
+ href="command-line-options.html#composite" >-composite</a> operation, the canvas offset is also
added to the final composite positioning of each image. </td> </tr>
<tr><td></td>
<td>This like '<code>coalesce</code>' but shows the look of
the animation after the layer disposal method has been applied, before
the next sub-frame image is overlaid. That is the 'dispose' image that
- results from the application of the GIF <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose">-dispose</a> method. This allows you to check what
+ results from the application of the GIF <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose"
+ >-dispose</a> method. This allows you to check what
is going wrong with a particular animation you may be developing.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>flatten</td>
<td>Create a canvas the size of the first images virtual
- canvas using the current <a href="command-line-options.html#background">-background</a> color,
- and <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> each image in turn onto that
+ canvas using the current <a href="command-line-options.html#background" >-background</a> color,
+ and <a href="command-line-options.html#compose" >-compose</a> each image in turn onto that
canvas. Images falling outside that canvas is clipped. Final
image will have a zero virtual canvas offset. </td>
</tr>
<tr><td></td><td>Caution is advised when handling image layers with
negative offsets as few image file formats handle them correctly.
- Following this operation method with <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">+repage</a>
+ Following this operation method with <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a>
will remove the layer offset, and create an image in which all the
overlaid image positions relative to each other is preserved, though
not necessarily exactly where you specified them.
<td>optimize-transparency</td>
<td>Given a GIF animation, replace any pixel in the sub-frame
overlay images with transparency, if it does not change the resulting
- animation by more than the current <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz">-fuzz</a> factor.
+ animation by more than the current <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor.
</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td></td><td>The result is much like if you used 'merge' followed by a
- <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">+repage</a> option, except that all the images
+ <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a> option, except that all the images
have been kept separate. If 'flatten' is used after using
'trim-bounds' you will get the same result. </td>
</tr>
<p>To print a complete list of layer types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list layers</a>.</p>
-<p>The operators <a href="command-line-options.html#coalesce">-coalesce</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#deconstruct">-deconstruct</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#flatten">-flatten</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#mosaic">-mosaic</a> are only aliases for the above methods and may be depreciated in
-the future. Also see <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">-repage</a> operators, the <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> setting, and the
-GIF <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose">-dispose</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#delay">-delay</a>
+<p>The operators <a href="command-line-options.html#coalesce" >-coalesce</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#deconstruct"
+>-deconstruct</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#flatten" >-flatten</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#mosaic"
+>-mosaic</a> are only aliases for the above methods and may be depreciated in
+the future. Also see <a href="command-line-options.html#page" >-page</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#repage"
+>-repage</a> operators, the <a href="command-line-options.html#compose" >-compose</a> setting, and the
+GIF <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose" >-dispose</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#delay" >-delay</a>
settings. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="level"></a>-level <var>black_point</var>{,<var>white_point</var>}{<var>%</var>}{,<var>gamma</var>}</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="level"></a>-level <var>black_point</var>{,<var>white_point</var>}{<var>%</var>}{,<var>gamma</var>}</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">adjust the level of image channels.</p>
white points range from 0 to <var>QuantumRange</var>, or from 0 to
100%; if the white point is omitted it is set to (<var>QuantumRange</var> - black_point), so as to center contrast changes.
If a <code>%</code> sign is present anywhere in the string, both black and white
-points are percentages of the full color range. Gamma will do a <a href="command-line-options.html#gamma">-gamma</a> adjustment of the values. If it is omitted, the
+points are percentages of the full color range. Gamma will do a <a
+href="command-line-options.html#gamma">-gamma</a> adjustment of the values. If it is omitted, the
default of 1.0 (no gamma correction) is assumed.</p>
<p>In normal usage (<code>-level</code>) the image values are stretched so that
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="level-colors"></a>-level-colors {<var>black_color</var>}{,}{<var>white_color</var>}</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="level-colors"></a>-level-colors {<var>black_color</var>}{,}{<var>white_color</var>}</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">adjust the level of an image using the provided dash separated colors.</p>
'<code>black_color</code>' and '<code>white_color</code>' colors given (as
described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option). </p>
-<p>This effectually means the colors provided to <code>-level-colors</code>
+<p>This effectively means the colors provided to <code>-level-colors</code>
is mapped to become 'black' and 'white' respectively, with all the other
colors linearly adjusted (or clipped) to match that change. Each channel is
adjusted separately using the channel values of the colors specified. </p>
<p>On the other hand the plus form of the operator (<code>+level-colors</code>)
will map the image color 'black' and 'white' to the given colors
respectively, resulting in a gradient (de-contrasting) tint of the image to
-those colors. This can also be used to convert a plain gray-scale image into a
+those colors. This can also be used to convert a plain grayscale image into a
one using the gradient of colors specified. </p>
<p>By supplying a single color with a comma separator either before or after
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="limit"></a>-limit <var>type value</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="limit"></a>-limit <var>type value</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Set the pixel cache resource limit.</p>
-<p>Choose from: <code>area</code>, <code>disk</code>, <code>file</code>,
-<code>map</code>, <code>memory</code>, <code>thread</code>, or <code>time</code>.</p>
+<p>Choose from: <code>width</code>, <code>height</code>, <code>area</code>, <code>memory</code>, <code>map</code>, <code>disk</code>, <code>file</code>, <code>thread</code>, <code>throttle</code>, or <code>time</code>.</p>
<p>The value for <code>file</code> is in number of files. The other limits are
in bytes. Define arguments for the memory, map, area, and disk resource limits
compensating actions, if possible. For example, the following limits
memory:</p>
-<pre>
--limit memory 32MiB -limit map 64MiB
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-limit memory 32MiB -limit map 64MiB
+</code></pre>
<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list resource</a> to list the current limits. For example, our system shows these limits:</p>
-<pre>
--> identify -list resource
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-> identify -list resource
Resource limits:
Width: 100MP
Height: 100MP
Thread: 12
Throttle: 0
Time: unlimited
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
<p>Requests for pixel storage to keep intermediate images are satisfied by one
of three resource categories: in-memory pool, memory-mapped files pool, and
-disk pool (in that order) depending on the <a href="command-line-options.html#limit">‑limit</a> settings
+disk pool (in that order) depending on the <a href="command-line-options.html#limit">‑limit</a> settings
and whether the system honors a resource request. If the total size of
allocated pixel storage in the given pool reaches the corresponding limit, the
request is passed to the next pool. Additionally, requests that exceed the
the Internet. To assure ImageMagick does not exceed 10MiB of memory you can
simply set the area limit to 10MiB:</p>
-<pre>
--limit area 10MB
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-limit area 10MB
+</code></pre>
<p>Now whenever a large image is processed, the pixels are automagically
cached to disk instead of memory. This of course implies that large images
might inadvertently upload a huge image to process, you should set a disk
limit as well:</p>
-<pre>
--limit area 10MB -limit disk 500MB
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-limit area 10MB -limit disk 500MB
+</code></pre>
<p>Here ImageMagick stops processing if an image requires more than 500MB of disk storage.</p>
<p>In addition to command-line resource limit option, resources can be set
-with <a href="resources.html#environment">environment variables</a>. Set the
+with <a href="resources.html#environment" >environment variables</a>. Set the
environment variables <code>MAGICK_AREA_LIMIT</code>,
<code>MAGICK_DISK_LIMIT</code>, <code>MAGICK_FILE_LIMIT</code>,
<code>MAGICK_MEMORY_LIMIT</code>, <code>MAGICK_MAP_LIMIT</code>,
</p>
<p>For more about ImageMagick's use of resources, see the section <b>Cache
-Storage and Resource Requirements</b> on the <a href="architecture.html#cache%0A">Architecture</a> page. </p>
+Storage and Resource Requirements</b> on the <a href="architecture.html#cache
+">Architecture</a> page. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="linear-stretch"></a>-linear-stretch <var>black-point</var><br>-linear-stretch <var>black-point</var>{x<var>white-point</var>}{<var>%</var>}}</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="linear-stretch"></a>-linear-stretch <var>black-point</var><br />-linear-stretch <var>black-point</var>{x<var>white-point</var>}{<var>%</var>}</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Linear with saturation stretch.</p>
-<p>This is very similar to <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a>,
+<p>This is very similar to <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a>,
and uses a 'histogram bin' to determine the range of color values that needs to
-be stretched. However it then stretches those colors using the <a href="command-line-options.html#level">-level</a> operator.</p>
+be stretched. However it then stretches those colors using the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> operator.</p>
<p>As such while the initial determination may have 'binning' round off
effects, the image colors are stretched mathematically, rather than using the
histogram bins. This makes the operator more accurate. </p>
-<p>note however that a <a href="command-line-options.html#linear-stretch">-linear-stretch</a> of
+<p>note however that a <a href="command-line-options.html#linear-stretch" >-linear-stretch</a> of
'<code>0</code>' does nothing, while a value of '<code>1</code>' does a near
perfect stretch of the color range. </p>
-<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level">-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect'
+<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect'
normalization of mathematical images. </p>
<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="linewidth"></a>-linewidth</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="linewidth"></a>-linewidth</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">the line width for subsequent draw operations.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="liquid-rescale"></a>-liquid-rescale <var>geometry</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="liquid-rescale"></a>-liquid-rescale <var>geometry</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">rescale image with seam-carving.</p>
<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="list"></a>-list <var>type</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="list"></a>-list <var>type</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Print a list of supported arguments for various options or settings. Choose from these list types:</p>
-<pre>
- Align Alpha Boolean Channel
- Class ClipPath Coder Color
- Colorspace Command Compose Compress
- Configure DataType Debug Decoration
- Delegate Direction Dispose Distort
- Dither Endian Evaluate FillRule
- Filter Font Format Function
- Gravity ImageList Intent Interlace
- Interpolate Kernel Layers LineCap
- LineJoin List Locale LogEvent
- Log Magic Method Metric
- Mime Mode Morphology Module
- Noise Orientation Policy PolicyDomain
- PolicyRights Preview Primitive QuantumFormat
- Resource SparseColor Storage Stretch
- Style Threshold Type Units
- Validate VirtualPixel
-</pre>
+<pre class="pre-scrollable"><code>
+Align
+Alpha
+Boolean
+Cache
+Channel
+Class
+ClipPath
+Coder
+Color
+Colorspace
+Command
+Complex
+Compose
+Compress
+Configure
+DataType
+Debug
+Decoration
+Delegate
+Direction
+Dispose
+Distort
+Dither
+Endian
+Evaluate
+FillRule
+Filter
+Font
+Format
+Function
+Gravity
+Intensity
+Intent
+Interlace
+Interpolate
+Kernel
+Layers
+LineCap
+LineJoin
+List
+Locale
+LogEvent
+Log
+Magic
+Method
+Metric
+Mime
+Mode
+Morphology
+Module
+Noise
+Orientation
+PixelIntensity
+Policy
+PolicyDomain
+PolicyRights
+Preview
+Primitive
+QuantumFormat
+Resource
+SparseColor
+Statistic
+Storage
+Stretch
+Style
+Threshold
+Type
+Units
+Validate
+VirtualPixel
+</code></pre>
<p>These lists vary depending on your version of ImageMagick. Use "<code>-list
list</code>" to get a complete listing of all the "<code>-list</code>" arguments
available:</p>
-<pre>
-identify -list list
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>identify -list list
+</code></pre>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="log"></a>-log <var>string</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="log"></a>-log <var>string</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Specify format for debug log.</p>
-<p>This option specifies the format for the log printed when the <a href="command-line-options.html#debug">-debug</a> option is active.</p>
+<p>This option specifies the format for the log printed when the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#debug">-debug</a> option is active.</p>
<p>You can display the following components by embedding special format
characters:</p>
-<pre>
-%d domain
-%e event
-%f function
-%l line
-%m module
-%p process ID
-%r real CPU time
-%t wall clock time
-%u user CPU time
-%% percent sign
-\n newline
-\r carriage return
-</pre>
+<dl class="row">
+<dt class="col-md-4">%d</dt><dd class="col-md-8">domain</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">%e</dt><dd class="col-md-8">event</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">%f</dt><dd class="col-md-8">function</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">%l</dt><dd class="col-md-8">line</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">%m</dt><dd class="col-md-8">module</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">%p</dt><dd class="col-md-8">process ID</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">%r</dt><dd class="col-md-8">real CPU time</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">%t</dt><dd class="col-md-8">wall clock time</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">%u</dt><dd class="col-md-8">user CPU time</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">%%</dt><dd class="col-md-8">percent sign</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">\n</dt><dd class="col-md-8">newline</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">\r</dt><dd class="col-md-8">carriage return</dd>
+</dl>
<p>For example:</p>
-<pre>
-convert -debug coders -log "%u %m:%l %e" in.gif out.png
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert -debug coders -log "%u %m:%l %e" in.gif out.png
+</code></pre>
<p>The default behavior is to print all of the components.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="loop"></a>-loop <var>iterations</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="loop"></a>-loop <var>iterations</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">add Netscape loop extension to your GIF animation.</p>
times.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="lowlight-color"></a>-lowlight-color <var>color</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="lowlight-color"></a>-lowlight-color <var>color</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">when comparing images, de-emphasize pixel differences with this color.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="magnify"></a>-magnify</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="magnify"></a>-magnify</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">double the size of the image with pixel art scaling.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="map"></a>-map <var>type</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="map"></a>-map <var>type</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Display image using this <var>type</var>.</p>
<p>Choose from these <var>Standard Colormap</var> types:</p>
-<pre>
-best
+<pre class="highlight"><code>best
default
gray
red
green
blue
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
<p>The <var>X server</var> must support the <var>Standard
Colormap</var> you choose, otherwise an error occurs. Use <code>list</code> as
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="map_stream_"></a>-map <var>components</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="map_stream_"></a>-map <var>components</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">pixel map.</p>
<p>Here are the valid components of a map:</p>
-<pre>
-r red pixel component
-g green pixel component
-b blue pixel component
-a alpha pixel component (0 is transparent)
-o opacity pixel component (0 is opaque)
-i grayscale intensity pixel component
-c cyan pixel component
-m magenta pixel component
-y yellow pixel component
-k black pixel component
-p pad component (always 0)
-</pre>
+<dl class="row">
+<dt class="col-md-4">r</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> red pixel component</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">g</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> green pixel component</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">b</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> blue pixel component</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">a</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> alpha pixel component (0 is transparent)</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">o</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> opacity pixel component (0 is opaque)</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">i</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> grayscale intensity pixel component</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">c</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> cyan pixel component</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">m</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> magenta pixel component</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">y</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> yellow pixel component</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">k</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> black pixel component</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">p</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> pad component (always 0)</dd>
+</dl>
<p>You can specify as many of these components as needed in any order (e.g.
bgr). The components can repeat as well (e.g. rgbr).</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="mask"></a>-mask
-<var>filename</var></h3>
-</div>
-
-<p class="magick-description">Prevent updates to image pixels specified by the mask.</p>
-
-<p>This the same as using a mask used for composite masking operations, with
-grayscale values causing blended updates of the image the mask is attached to.
-</p>
-
-<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#mask">+mask</a> to remove the mask from images.</p>
-
-<p>Also see <a href="command-line-options.html#clip-mask">-clip-mask</a> which work in the same way,
-but with strict boolean masking. </p>
-
-<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="mattecolor"></a>-mattecolor <var>color</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="mattecolor"></a>-mattecolor <var>color</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Specify the color to be used with the <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option.</p>
<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
-<p>The default matte color is <code>#BDBDBD</code>, <span style="background-color: #bdbdbd;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
+<p>The default matte color is <code>#BDBDBD</code>, <span
+style="background-color: #bdbdbd;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="maximum"></a>-maximum</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="maximum"></a>-maximum</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">return the maximum intensity of an image sequence.</p>
<p>Select the 'maximum' value from all the surrounding pixels. </p>
-<p>This is legacy option from the <a href="command-line-options.html#statistic">method</a> of the same
+<p>This is legacy option from the <a href="command-line-options.html#statistic" >method</a> of the same
name. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="median"></a>-median <var>geometry</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="median"></a>-median <var>geometry</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">apply a median filter to the image.</p>
<p>Select the 'middle' value from all the surrounding pixels. </p>
-<p>This is legacy option from the <a href="command-line-options.html#statistic">method</a> of the same
+<p>This is legacy option from the <a href="command-line-options.html#statistic" >method</a> of the same
name. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="mean-shift"></a>-mean-shift <var>width</var>x<var>height</var>{<var>+distance</var>{%}}</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="mean-shift"></a>-mean-shift <var>width</var>x<var>height</var>{<var>+distance</var>{%}</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">image noise removal and color reduction/segmentation (e.g. -mean-shift 7x7+10%).</p>
<p><var>width</var>x<var>height</var> is the window size and <var>distance</var> is the color distance measured in the range 0 to 1 or 0 to 100%</p>
-<p>The mean shift algorithm is iterative and thus slower the larger the window size. For each pixel, it gets all the pixels in the window centered at the pixel and excludes those that are outside the radius=sqrt((width-1)(height-1)/4) surrounding the pixel. From those pixels, it finds which of them are within the specified squared color distance from the current mean. It then computes a new x,y centroid from those coordinates and a new mean. This new x,y centroid is used as the center for a new window. This process is iterated until it converges and the final mean is then used to replace the original pixel value. It repeats this process for the next pixel, etc, until it processes all pixels in the image. Results are better when using other colorspaces rather than RGB. Recommend YIQ, YUV or YCbCr, which seem to give equivalent results.</p>
+<p>The mean shift algorithm is iterative and thus slower the larger the window size. For each pixel, it gets all the pixels in the window centered at the pixel and excludes those that are outside the <var>radius=sqrt((width-1)(height-1)/4)</var> surrounding the pixel. From those pixels, it finds which of them are within the specified squared color distance from the current mean. It then computes a new x,y centroid from those coordinates and a new mean. This new x,y centroid is used as the center for a new window. This process is iterated until it converges and the final mean is then used to replace the original pixel value. It repeats this process for the next pixel, etc, until it processes all pixels in the image. Results are better when using other colorspaces rather than RGB. Recommend YIQ, YUV or YCbCr, which seem to give equivalent results.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="metric"></a>-metric <var>type</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="metric"></a>-metric <var>type</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Output to STDERR a measure of the differences between images according to the <var>type</var> given metric.</p>
<p>Choose from:</p>
-<dl class="dl-horizontal">
-<dt>AE</dt><dd> absolute error count, number of different pixels (-fuzz effected)</dd>
-<dt>FUZZ</dt><dd> mean color distance</dd>
-<dt>MAE</dt><dd> mean absolute error (normalized), average channel error distance</dd>
-<dt>MEPP</dt><dd> mean error per pixel (normalized mean error, normalized peak error)</dd>
-<dt>MSE</dt><dd> mean error squared, average of the channel error squared</dd>
-<dt>NCC</dt><dd> normalized cross correlation</dd>
-<dt>PAE</dt><dd> peak absolute (normalized peak absolute)</dd>
-<dt>PHASH</dt><dd> perceptual hash</dd>
-<dt>PSNR</dt><dd> peak signal to noise ratio</dd>
-<dt>RMSE</dt><dd> root mean squared (normalized root mean squared)</dd>
+<dl class="row">
+<dt class="col-md-4">AE</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> absolute error count, number of different pixels (-fuzz affected)</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">DSSIM</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> structural dissimilarity index</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">FUZZ</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> mean color distance</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">MAE</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> mean absolute error (normalized), average channel error distance</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">MEPP</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> mean error per pixel (normalized mean error, normalized peak error)</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">MSE</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> mean error squared, average of the channel error squared</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">NCC</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> normalized cross correlation</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">PAE</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> peak absolute (normalized peak absolute)</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">PHASH</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> perceptual hash for the sRGB and HCLp colorspaces. Specify an alternative colorspace with <code>-define phash:colorspaces=<var>colorspace,colorspace,...</var></code></dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">PSNR</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> peak signal to noise ratio</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">RMSE</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> root mean squared (normalized root mean squared)</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">SSIM</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> structural similarity index</dd>
</dl>
<p>Control the '<code>AE</code>', or absolute count of pixels that are different,
-with the <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz">-fuzz</a> factor (ignore pixels which
+with the <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor (ignore pixels which
only changed by a small amount). Use '<code>PAE</code>' to find the
-size of the <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz">-fuzz</a> factor needed to make all pixels
+size of the <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor needed to make all pixels
'similar', while '<code>MAE</code>' determines the factor needed
for about half the pixels to be similar. </p>
-<p>The '<code>MEPP</code>' metric returns three different metrics
+<p>The <code>MEPP</code> metric returns three different metrics
('<code>MAE</code>', '<code>MAE</code>' normalized, and '<code>PAE</code>'
normalized) from a single comparison run. </p>
+<p>The <code>SSIM</code> and <code>DSSIM</code> metrics respect these defines:
+<code>-define compare:ssim-radius</code>, <code>-define compare:ssim-sigma</code>,
+<code>-define compare:ssim-k1</code>, and <code>-define compare:ssim-k2</code>.</p>
+
<p>To print a complete list of metrics, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
metric</a> option.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="minimum"></a>-minimum</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="minimum"></a>-minimum</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">return the minimum intensity of an image sequence.</p>
<p>Select the 'minimal' value from all the surrounding pixels. </p>
-<p>This is legacy option from the <a href="command-line-options.html#statistic">method</a> of the same
+<p>This is legacy option from the <a href="command-line-options.html#statistic" >method</a> of the same
name. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="mode"></a>-mode <var>geometry</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="mode"></a>-mode <var>geometry</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">make each pixel the \'predominant color\' of the neighborhood.'</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header">-mode <var>value</var></h3>
+ <h3>-mode <var>value</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Mode of operation.</p>
<p>Choose the <var>value</var> from these styles: <code>Frame,
Unframe, or Concatenate</code></p>
-<p>Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list</a> option with a '<code>Mode</code>' argument
-for a list of <a href="command-line-options.html#mode">-mode</a> arguments available in your
+<p>Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list" >-list</a> option with a '<code>Mode</code>' argument
+for a list of <a href="command-line-options.html#mode" >-mode</a> arguments available in your
ImageMagick installation.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="modulate"></a>-modulate <var>brightness</var>[,<var>saturation</var>,<var>hue</var>]</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="modulate"></a>-modulate <var>brightness</var>[,<var>saturation</var>,<var>hue</var>]</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Vary the <var>brightness</var>, <var>saturation</var>, and <var>hue</var> of an image.</p>
the original image. </p>
<p>For example, to increase the color brightness by 20% and decrease the color
-saturation by 10% and leave the hue unchanged, use <a href="command-line-options.html#modulate">-modulate 120,90</a>.</p>
+saturation by 10% and leave the hue unchanged, use <a
+href="command-line-options.html#modulate">-modulate 120,90</a>.</p>
-<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> attribute of '<code>option:modulate:colorspace</code>' to specify which colorspace to
+<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> attribute of '<code
+>option:modulate:colorspace</code>' to specify which colorspace to
modulate. Choose from <code>HCL</code>, <code>HCLp</code>, <code>HSB</code>, <code>HSI</code>, <code>HSL</code> (the default), <code>HSV</code>, <code>HWB</code>, or <code>LCH</code> (LCHuv). For example,</p>
-<pre>
-convert image.png -set option:modulate:colorspace hsb -modulate 120,90 modulate.png
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert image.png -set option:modulate:colorspace hsb -modulate 120,90 modulate.png
+</code></pre>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="moments"></a>-moments</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="moments"></a>-moments</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">report image moments and perceptual hash.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="monitor"></a>-monitor</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="monitor"></a>-monitor</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">monitor progress.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="monochrome"></a>-monochrome</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="monochrome"></a>-monochrome</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">transform the image to black and white.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="morph"></a>-morph <var>frames</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="morph"></a>-morph <var>frames</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">morphs an image sequence.</p>
<p>Both the image pixels and size are linearly interpolated to give the
appearance of a metamorphosis from one image to the next, over all the images
-in the current image list. The added images are the equivalent of a <a href="command-line-options.html#blend">-blend</a> composition. The <var>frames</var>
+in the current image list. The added images are the equivalent of a <a
+href="command-line-options.html#blend">-blend</a> composition. The <var>frames</var>
argument determine how many images to interpolate between each image. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="morphology"></a>-morphology</h3>
- <h3 class="magick-header">-morphology <var>method</var> <var>kernel</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="morphology"></a>-morphology</h3>
+ <h3>-morphology <var>method</var> <var>kernel</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">apply a morphology method to the image.</p>
-<p>Until I get around to writing an option summary for this, see <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/morphology/">IM Usage Examples,
+<p>Until I get around to writing an option summary for this, see <a
+href="../Usage/morphology/" >IM Usage Examples,
Morphology</a>. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="mosaic"></a>-mosaic</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="mosaic"></a>-mosaic</h3>
</div>
-<p class="magick-description">an simple alias for the <a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers</a> method "mosaic"</p>
+<p class="magick-description">an simple alias for the <a href="command-line-options.html#layers" >-layers</a> method "mosaic"</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="motion-blur"></a>-motion-blur <var>radius</var><br>-motion-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>+<var>angle</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="motion-blur"></a>-motion-blur <var>radius</var><br />-motion-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>+<var>angle</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">simulate motion blur.</p>
</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="name"></a>-name</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="name"></a>-name</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">name an image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="negate"></a>-negate</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="negate"></a>-negate</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">replace each pixel with its complementary color.</p>
negate the grayscale pixels of the image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="noise"></a>-noise <var>geometry</var><br>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="noise"></a>-noise <var>geometry</var><br/>
+noise <var>type</var></h3>
</div>
<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#noise">-noise</a> <var>radius</var></code> to
specify the width of the neighborhood when reducing noise. This is equivalent
-to using a <code><a href="command-line-options.html#statistic">-statistic</a> NonPeak</code> operation,
+to using a <code><a href="command-line-options.html#statistic" >-statistic</a> NonPeak</code> operation,
which should be used in preference.</p>
<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#noise">+noise</a> followed by a noise <var>type</var> to add noise to an image. Choose from these noise
types:</p>
-<pre>
-Gaussian
+<pre class="highlight"><code>Gaussian
Impulse
Laplacian
Multiplicative
Poisson
Random
Uniform
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
-<p>The amount of noise added can be controled by the <code><a href="command-line-options.html#attunuuate">-attenuate</a></code> setting. If unset the value is
+<p>The amount of noise added can be controlled by the <code><a
+href="command-line-options.html#attenuate" >-attenuate</a></code> setting. If unset the value is
equivalent to 1.0, or a maximum noise addition.</p>
<p>Note that Random will replace the image with noise rather than add noise to the image. Use Uniform, if you wish to add random noise to the image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="normalize"></a>-normalize</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="normalize"></a>-normalize</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Increase the contrast in an image by <var>stretching</var> the range of intensity values.</p>
values. While doing so, black-out at most <var>2%</var> of the pixels and
white-out at most <var>1%</var> of the pixels.</p>
-<p>Note that as of ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <a href="command-line-options.html#normalize">-normalize</a>
-is equivalent to <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch 2%x1%</a>.
-(Before this version, it was equivalent to <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch 2%x99%</a>).</p>
+<p>Note that as of ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <a href="command-line-options.html#normalize" >-normalize</a>
+is equivalent to <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch 2%x1%</a>.
+(Before this version, it was equivalent to <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch"
+>-contrast-stretch 2%x99%</a>).</p>
-<p>All the channels are normalized in concert by the came amount so as to
-preserve color integrity, when the default <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">+channel</a>
-setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>
+<p>All the channels are normalized in concert by the same amount so as to
+preserve color integrity, when the default <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >+channel</a>
+setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a>
setting will normalize the RGB channels independently.</p>
-<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a> for more details.
-Also see <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level">-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect' normalization
+<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a> for more details.
+Also see <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect' normalization
that is better suited to mathematically generated images. </p>
<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="opaque"></a>-opaque <var>color</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="opaque"></a>-opaque <var>color</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">change this color to the fill color within the image.</p>
<p>The <var>color</var> argument is defined using the format
-described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option. The <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz">-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
+described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill" >-fill</a> option. The <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz"
+>-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
given.</p>
<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque">+opaque</a> to paint any pixel that does not match
the target color. </p>
<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent">-transparent</a> operator is exactly the same
-as <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque">-opaque</a> but replaces the matching color with
+as <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque" >-opaque</a> but replaces the matching color with
transparency rather than the current <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> color setting.
To ensure that it can do this it also ensures that the image has an alpha
-channel enabled, as per "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha">-alpha</a> set</code>", for
-the new transparent colors, and does not require you to modify the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
+channel enabled, as per "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a> set</code>", for
+the new transparent colors, and does not require you to modify the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="ordered-dither"></a>-ordered-dither <var>threshold_map</var>{,<var>level</var>...}</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="ordered-dither"></a>-ordered-dither <var>threshold_map</var>{,<var>level</var>...}</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">dither the image using a pre-defined ordered dither <var>threshold map</var> specified, and a uniform color map with the
<p>You can choose from these standard threshold maps:</p>
-<pre>
+<pre class="pre-scrollable"><code>
threshold 1x1 Threshold 1x1 (non-dither)
checks 2x1 Checkerboard 2x1 (dither)
o2x2 2x2 Ordered 2x2 (dispersed)
c6x6w Circles 6x6 (white)
c7x7b c7x7 Circles 7x7 (black)
c7x7w Circles 7x7 (white)
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
<p> The <code>threshold</code> generated a simple 50% threshold of the image.
-This could be used with <var>level</var> to do the equivalent of <a href="command-line-options.html#posterize">-posterize</a> to reduce an image to basic primary colors.
+This could be used with <var >level</var> to do the equivalent of <a
+href="command-line-options.html#posterize" >-posterize</a> to reduce an image to basic primary colors.
</p>
<p>The <code>checks</code> pattern produces a 3 level checkerboard dither
white, and mid-tone colors into a checkerboard pattern of black and white.
</p>
-<p>You can define your own <var>threshold map</var> for ordered
+<p>You can define your own <var >threshold map</var> for ordered
dithering and halftoning your images, in either personal or system
-<code>thresholds.xml</code> XML file. See <a href="resources.html">Resources</a>
+<code>thresholds.xml</code> XML file. See <a href="resources.html" >Resources</a>
for more details of configuration files. </p>
<p>To print a complete list of the thresholds that have been defined, use the
-<a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list threshold</a> option.</p>
+<a href="command-line-options.html#list" >-list threshold</a> option.</p>
<p>Note that at this time the same threshold dithering map is used for all
color channels, no attempt is made to offset or rotate the map for different
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="orient"></a>-orient <var>image orientation</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="orient"></a>-orient <var>image orientation</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">specify orientation of a digital camera image.</p>
<p>Choose from these orientations:</p>
-<pre>
-bottom-left
-bottom-right
-left-bottom
-left-top
+<pre class="highlight"><code>bottom-left right-top
+bottom-right top-left
+left-bottom top-right
+left-top undefined
right-bottom
-right-top
-top-left
-top-right
-undefined
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
-<p>To print a complete list of orientations, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
+<p>To print a complete list of orientations, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list" >-list
orientation</a> option.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="page"></a>-page <var>geometry</var><br>
- -page <var>media</var>[<var>offset</var>][{<var>^!<></var>}]<br>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="page"></a>-page <var>geometry</var><br/>
+ -page <var>media</var>[<var>offset</var>][{<var>^!<></var>}]<br/>
+page
</h3>
</div>
<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
<p>For convenience you can specify the page size using <var>media</var> (see below). Offsets can then be added as with other
-<var>geometry</var> arguments (e.g. <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a> <code>Letter+43+43</code>).</p>
+<var>geometry</var> arguments (e.g. <a
+href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a> <code>Letter+43+43</code>).</p>
<p>Use <var>media</var> as shorthand to specify the dimensions (<var>width</var>x<var>height</var>) of the <var>PostScript</var> page in dots per inch or a TEXT page in pixels.
The choices for a PostScript page are:</p>
-<div class="table-responsive">
-<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
- <tr>
- <td><var>Media</var></td>
- <td align="right"><var>Width</var></td>
- <td align="right"><var>Height</var></td>
- </tr>
-<tr><td> 11x17 </td> <td align="right"> 792</td> <td align="right"> 1224</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> Ledger </td> <td align="right"> 1224</td> <td align="right"> 792</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> Legal </td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 1008</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> Letter </td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 792</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> LetterSmall</td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 792</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> ArchE </td> <td align="right"> 2592</td> <td align="right"> 3456</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> ArchD </td> <td align="right"> 1728</td> <td align="right"> 2592</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> ArchC </td> <td align="right"> 1296</td> <td align="right"> 1728</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> ArchB </td> <td align="right"> 864</td> <td align="right"> 1296</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> ArchA </td> <td align="right"> 648</td> <td align="right"> 864</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> A0 </td> <td align="right"> 2380</td> <td align="right"> 3368</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> A1 </td> <td align="right"> 1684</td> <td align="right"> 2380</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> A2 </td> <td align="right"> 1190</td> <td align="right"> 1684</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> A3 </td> <td align="right"> 842</td> <td align="right"> 1190</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> A4 </td> <td align="right"> 595</td> <td align="right"> 842</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> A4Small </td> <td align="right"> 595</td> <td align="right"> 842</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> A5 </td> <td align="right"> 421</td> <td align="right"> 595</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> A6 </td> <td align="right"> 297</td> <td align="right"> 421</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> A7 </td> <td align="right"> 210</td> <td align="right"> 297</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> A8 </td> <td align="right"> 148</td> <td align="right"> 210</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> A9 </td> <td align="right"> 105</td> <td align="right"> 148</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> A10 </td> <td align="right"> 74</td> <td align="right"> 105</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> B0 </td> <td align="right"> 2836</td> <td align="right"> 4008</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> B1 </td> <td align="right"> 2004</td> <td align="right"> 2836</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> B2 </td> <td align="right"> 1418</td> <td align="right"> 2004</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> B3 </td> <td align="right"> 1002</td> <td align="right"> 1418</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> B4 </td> <td align="right"> 709</td> <td align="right"> 1002</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> B5 </td> <td align="right"> 501</td> <td align="right"> 709</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> C0 </td> <td align="right"> 2600</td> <td align="right"> 3677</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> C1 </td> <td align="right"> 1837</td> <td align="right"> 2600</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> C2 </td> <td align="right"> 1298</td> <td align="right"> 1837</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> C3 </td> <td align="right"> 918</td> <td align="right"> 1298</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> C4 </td> <td align="right"> 649</td> <td align="right"> 918</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> C5 </td> <td align="right"> 459</td> <td align="right"> 649</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> C6 </td> <td align="right"> 323</td> <td align="right"> 459</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> Flsa </td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 936</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> Flse </td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 936</td> </tr>
-<tr><td> HalfLetter </td> <td align="right"> 396</td> <td align="right"> 612</td> </tr>
-</table></div>
+<dl class="row">
+<dt class="col-md-4"> 11x17 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 792 x 1224</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> Ledger </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 1224 x 792</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> Legal </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 612 x 1008</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> Letter </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 612 x 792</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> LetterSmall</dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 612 x 792</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> ArchE </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 2592 x 3456</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> ArchD </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 1728 x 2592</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> ArchC </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 1296 x 1728</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> ArchB </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 864 x 1296</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> ArchA </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 648 x 864</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> A0 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 2380 x 3368</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> A1 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 1684 x 2380</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> A2 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 1190 x 1684</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> A3 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 842 x 1190</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> A4 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 595 x 842</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> A4Small </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 595 x 842</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> A5 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 421 x 595</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> A6 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 297 x 421</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> A7 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 210 x 297</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> A8 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 148 x 210</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> A9 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 105 x 148</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> A10 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 74 x 105</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> B0 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 2836 x 4008</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> B1 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 2004 x 2836</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> B2 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 1418 x 2004</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> B3 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 1002 x 1418</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> B4 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 709 x 1002</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> B5 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 501 x 709</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> C0 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 2600 x 3677</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> C1 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 1837 x 2600</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> C2 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 1298 x 1837</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> C3 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 918 x 1298</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> C4 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 649 x 918</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> C5 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 459 x 649</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> C6 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 323 x 459</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> Flsa </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 612 x 936</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> Flse </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 612 x 936</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4"> HalfLetter </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 396 x 612</dd>
+</dl>
<p>This option is also used to place subimages when writing to a multi-image
format that supports offsets, such as GIF89 and MNG. When used for this
sequence. When writing a GIF89 file, only the bounding box method is used to
determine its dimensions.</p>
-<p>For a PostScript page, the image is sized as in <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-geometry</a> but positioned relative to the <var>lower
-left-hand corner</var> of the page by {+-}<code>x</code><var>offset</var>{+-}<code>y</code> <var>offset</var>. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page 612x792</a>, for example, to center the image within the
+<p>For a PostScript page, the image is sized as in <a
+href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-geometry</a> but positioned relative to the <var>lower
+left-hand corner</var> of the page by {+-}<code>x</code><var>offset</var>{+-}<code>y</code> <var>offset</var>. Use <a
+href="command-line-options.html#page">-page 612x792</a>, for example, to center the image within the
page. If the image size exceeds the PostScript page, it is reduced to fit the
page. The default gravity for the <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a> option is <var>NorthWest</var>, i.e., positive <code>x</code> and <code>y</code> <var>offset</var> are measured rightward and downward from the top left
corner of the page, unless the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is
<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#page">+page</a> to remove the page settings for an image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="paint"></a>-paint <var>radius</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="paint"></a>-paint <var>radius</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">simulate an oil painting.</p>
neighborhood whose width is specified with <var>radius</var>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="path"></a>-path <var>path</var></h3></div>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="path"></a>-path <var>path</var></h3></div>
<p class="magick-description">write images to this path on disk.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="pause_animate_"></a>-pause <var>seconds</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="pause_animate_"></a>-pause <var>seconds</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Pause between animation loops</p>
<p>Pause for the specified number of seconds before repeating the animation.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="pause_import_"></a>-pause <var>seconds</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="pause_import_"></a>-pause <var>seconds</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Pause between snapshots.</p>
<p>Pause for the specified number of seconds before taking the next snapshot.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="perceptible"></a>-perceptible <var>epsilon</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="perceptible"></a>-perceptible <var>epsilon</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">set each pixel whose value is less than |<var>epsilon</var>| to <var>-epsilon</var> or <var>epsilon</var> (whichever is closer) otherwise the pixel value remains unchanged.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="ping"></a>-ping</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="ping"></a>-ping</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">efficiently determine image characteristics.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="pointsize"></a>-pointsize <var>value</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="pointsize"></a>-pointsize <var>value</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">pointsize of the PostScript, OPTION1, or TrueType font.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="polaroid"></a>-polaroid <var>angle</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="polaroid"></a>-polaroid <var>angle</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">simulate a Polaroid picture.</p>
<p>Use <code>+polaroid</code> to rotate the image at a random angle between -15 and +15 degrees.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="poly"></a>-poly <var>"wt,exp ..."</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="poly"></a>-poly <var>"wt,exp ..."</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">combines multiple images according to a weighted sum of polynomials; one floating point weight (coefficient) and one floating point polynomial exponent (power) for each image expressed as comma separated pairs.</p>
<p>The exponents may be positive, negative or zero. A negative exponent is equivalent to 1 divided by the image raised to the corresponding positive exponent. A zero exponent always produces 1 scaled by quantumrange to white, i.e. wt*white, no matter what the image.</p>
-<p>The format is: output = wt1*image1^exp1 + wt2*image2^exp2 ...</p>
+<p>The format is: <var>output = wt1*image1^exp1 + wt2*image2^exp2 </var>...</p>
<p>Some simple uses are:</p>
<ul>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="posterize"></a>-posterize <var>levels</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="posterize"></a>-posterize <var>levels</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">reduce the image to a limited number of color levels per channel.</p>
visible effect.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="precision"></a>-precision <var>value</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="precision"></a>-precision <var>value</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">set the maximum number of significant digits to be printed.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="preview"></a>-preview <var>type</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="preview"></a>-preview <var>type</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">image preview type.</p>
<code>convert file.png -preview Gamma Preview:gamma.png</code>). Choose from
these previews:</p>
-<pre>
-Rotate Shear Roll Hue
-Saturation Brightness Gamma Spiff
-Dull Grayscale Quantize Despeckle
-ReduceNoise Add Noise Sharpen Blur
-Threshold EdgeDetect Spread Shade
-Raise Segment Solarize Swirl
-Implode Wave OilPaint CharcoalDrawing
+<pre class="pre-scrollable"><code>
+AddNoise
+Blur
+Brightness
+Charcoal
+Despeckle
+Dull
+EdgeDetect
+Gamma
+Grayscale
+Hue
+Implode
JPEG
-</pre>
+OilPaint
+Quantize
+Raise
+ReduceNoise
+Roll
+Rotate
+Saturation
+Segment
+Shade
+Sharpen
+Shear
+Solarize
+Spiff
+Spread
+Swirl
+Threshold
+Wave
+</code></pre>
<p>To print a complete list of previews, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list preview</a> option.</p>
<p>The default preview is <code>JPEG</code>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="print"></a>-print <var>string</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="print"></a>-print <var>string</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">interpret string and print to console.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="process"></a>-process <var>command</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="process"></a>-process <var>command</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">process the image with a custom image filter.</p>
pass to the process module.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="profile"></a>-profile <var>filename</var><br>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="profile"></a>-profile <var>filename</var><br/>
+profile <var>profile_name</var></h3>
</div>
<p>For example, to extract the Exif data (which is stored in JPEG files in the
<var>APP1</var> profile), use.</p>
-<pre>
-convert cockatoo.jpg profile.exif
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert cockatoo.jpg profile.exif
+</code></pre>
<p>It is important to note that results may depend on whether or not the
-original image already has an included profile. Also, keep in mind that <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a> is an "operator" (as opposed to a "setting") and
+original image already has an included profile. Also, keep in mind that <a
+href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a> is an "operator" (as opposed to a "setting") and
therefore a conversion is made each time it is encountered, in order, in the
command-line. For instance, in the following example, if the original image is
CMYK with profile, a CMYK-CMYK-RGB conversion results.</p>
-<pre>
-convert CMYK.tif -profile "CMYK.icc" -profile "RGB.icc" RGB.tiff
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert CMYK.tif -profile "CMYK.icc" -profile "RGB.icc" RGB.tiff
+</code></pre>
<p>Furthermore, since ICC profiles are not necessarily symmetric, extra
conversion steps can yield unwanted results. CMYK profiles are often very
</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="quality"></a>-quality <var>value</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="quality"></a>-quality <var>value</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">JPEG/MIFF/PNG compression level.</p>
Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to specify the
factors for chroma downsampling.</p>
-<p>For the MIFF image format, quality/10 is the zlib compression level, which
-is 0 (worst but fastest compression) to 9 (best but slowest). It has no effect
-on the image appearance, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
-
<p>For the JPEG-2000 image format, quality is mapped using a non-linear
equation to the compression ratio required by the Jasper library. This
non-linear equation is intended to loosely approximate the quality provided by
<p>If filter-type is 4 or less, the specified PNG filter-type is used for
all scanlines:</p>
-<pre>
-0: none
-1: sub
-2: up
-3: average
-4: Paeth
-</pre>
+<dl class="row">
+<dt class="col-md-4">0</dt><dd class="col-md-8">none</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">1</dt><dd class="col-md-8">sub</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">2</dt><dd class="col-md-8">up</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">3</dt><dd class="col-md-8">average</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">4</dt><dd class="col-md-8">Paeth</dd>
+</dl>
<p>If filter-type is 5, adaptive filtering is used when quality is greater
than 50 and the image does not have a color map, otherwise no filtering is
<p>For further information, see
the <a href="http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/TR">PNG</a> specification.</p>
+<p>For the MIFF and TIFF image formats, quality/10 is the <a href="command-line-options.html#compress">Zip/BZip</a> compression level, which is 0 (worst but fastest compression) to 9 (best but slowest). It has no effect on the image appearance, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
+
+<p>For the BPG image format, quality/2 is the actual BPG compression level (range from 0 to 51).</p>
+
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="quantize"></a>-quantize <var>colorspace</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="quantize"></a>-quantize <var>colorspace</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">reduce colors using this colorspace.</p>
<p>This setting defines the colorspace used to sort out and reduce the number
-of colors needed by an image (for later dithering) by operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a>, Note that color reduction also happens
+of colors needed by an image (for later dithering) by operators such as <a
+href="command-line-options.html#colors" >-colors</a>, Note that color reduction also happens
automatically when saving images to color-limited image file formats, such as
GIF, and PNG8.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="quiet"></a>-quiet</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="quiet"></a>-quiet</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">suppress all warning messages. Error messages are still reported.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="radial-blur"></a>-radial-blur <var>angle</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="radial-blur"></a>-radial-blur <var>angle</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Blur around the center of the image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="raise"></a>-raise <var>thickness</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="raise"></a>-raise <var>thickness</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Lighten or darken image edges.</p>
<p>This will create a 3-D effect. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#raise">-raise</a> to create
a raised effect, otherwise use <a href="command-line-options.html#raise">+raise</a>. </p>
-<p>Unlike the similar <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option, <a href="command-line-options.html#raise">-raise</a> does not alter the dimensions of the image.</p>
+<p>Unlike the similar <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option, <a
+href="command-line-options.html#raise">-raise</a> does not alter the dimensions of the image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="random-threshold"></a>-random-threshold <var>low</var>x<var>high</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="random-threshold"></a>-random-threshold <var>low</var>x<var>high</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Apply a random threshold to the image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="red-primary"></a>-red-primary <var>x,y</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="read-mask"></a>-read-mask
+<var>filename</var></h3>
+</div>
+
+<p class="magick-description">Prevent updates to image pixels specified by the mask.</p>
+
+<p>This the same as using a mask used for composite masking operations, with
+grayscale values causing blended updates of the image the mask is attached to.
+</p>
+
+<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#read-mask">+read-mask</a> to remove the mask from images.</p>
+
+<p>Also see <a href="command-line-options.html#clip-mask">-clip-mask</a> which work in the same way,
+but with strict boolean masking. </p>
+
+<div style="margin: auto;">
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="red-primary"></a>-red-primary <var>x,y</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Set the red chromaticity primary point.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="regard-warnings"></a>-regard-warnings</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="regard-warnings"></a>-regard-warnings</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Pay attention to warning messages.</p>
as errors. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="remap"></a>-remap <var>filename</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="remap"></a>-remap <var>filename</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Reduce the number of colors in an image to the colors used by this image.</p>
limit, then <a href="command-line-options.html#remap">-remap</a> those colors over the original list of
images. This ensures all the images follow a single color map. </p>
-<p>If the number of colors over all the images is less than 256, then <a href="command-line-options.html#remap">+remap</a> should not perform any color reduction or dithering, as
+<p>If the number of colors over all the images is less than 256, then <a
+href="command-line-options.html#remap">+remap</a> should not perform any color reduction or dithering, as
no color changes are needed. In that case, its only effect is to force the use
-of a global color table. This recommended after using either <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a> to
+of a global color table. This recommended after using either <a
+href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a> to
reduce the number of colors in an animated image sequence. </p>
<p>Note, the remap image colormap has at most 8-bits of precision. Deeper color maps are automagically coalesced with other colors to meet this requirement.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="region"></a>-region <var>geometry</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="region"></a>-region <var>geometry</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Set a region in which subsequent operations apply.</p>
<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
+<p>Use <code>+region</code> to remove any previously set regions.</p>
+
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="remote"></a>-remote</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="remote"></a>-remote</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">perform a remote operation.</p>
specify which application to control.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="render"></a>-render</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="render"></a>-render</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">render vector operations.</p>
This useful when saving the result to vector formats such as MVG or SVG.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
-<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="repage"></a>-repage <var>geometry</var></h3>
+<h3><a class="anchor" id="repage"></a>-repage <var>geometry</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Adjust the canvas and offset information of the image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="resample"></a>-resample <var>horizontal</var>x<var>vertical</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="resample"></a>-resample <var>horizontal</var>x<var>vertical</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Resample image to specified horizontal and vertical resolution.</p>
72 DPI, it will render at 3 inches by 2 inches on a 72 DPI device. Note that
only a small number of image formats (e.g. JPEG, PNG, and TIFF) are capable of
storing the image resolution. For formats which do not support an image
-resolution, the original resolution of the image must be specified via <a href="command-line-options.html#density">-density</a> on the command line prior to specifying the
+resolution, the original resolution of the image must be specified via <a
+href="command-line-options.html#density">-density</a> on the command line prior to specifying the
resample resolution.</p>
<p>Note that Photoshop stores and obtains image resolution from a proprietary
resolution specified in the standard file header.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="resize"></a>-resize <var>geometry</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="resize"></a>-resize <var>geometry</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Resize an image.</p>
ignored, and the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option has no effect.</p>
<p>If the <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> option
-or <code>-define filter:option=value</code> precedes the <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> option, the image is resized with the specified
+or <code>-define filter:option=value</code> precedes the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> option, the image is resized with the specified
filter.</p>
<p>Many image processing algorithms assume your image is in a linear-light
coding. If your image is gamma-corrected, you can remove the nonlinear gamma
correction, apply the transform, then restore it like this:</p>
-<pre>
-convert portrait.jpg -gamma .45455 -resize 25% -gamma 2.2 \
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert portrait.jpg -gamma .45455 -resize 25% -gamma 2.2 \
-quality 92 passport.jpg
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="respect-parentheses"></a>-respect-parentheses</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="respect-parentheses"></a>-respect-parentheses</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">settings remain in effect until parenthesis boundary.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="reverse"></a>-reverse</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="reverse"></a>-reverse</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Reverse the order of images in the current image list.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="roll"></a>-roll {<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="roll"></a>-roll {<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">roll an image vertically or horizontally by the amount given.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="rotate"></a>-rotate <var>degrees</var>{<var><</var>}{<var>></var>}</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="rotate"></a>-rotate <var>degrees</var>{<var><</var>}{<var>></var>}</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Apply Paeth image rotation (using shear operations) to the image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sample"></a>-sample <var>geometry</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="sample"></a>-sample <var>geometry</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">minify / magnify the image with pixel subsampling and pixel replication, respectively.</p>
<p>The results are thus equivalent to using <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> with
a <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> setting of <code>point</code> (nearest
-neighbo
ur), though <a href="command-line-options.html#sample">-sample</a> is a lot faster, as it
+neighbor), though <a href="command-line-options.html#sample">-sample</a> is a lot faster, as it
avoids all the filter processing of the image. As such it completely ignores
the current <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> setting. </p>
<p>The actual sampling point is the middle of the sub-region being sampled.
As such a single pixel sampling of an image will take the middle pixel, (or
-top-left-middle if image has even dimensions). However the <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> '<code>sample:offset</code>' can be set to modify
+top-left-middle if image has even dimensions). However the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> '<code>sample:offset</code>' can be set to modify
this position some other location within each sub-region being sampled, as
a percentage offset.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sampling-factor"></a>-sampling-factor <var>horizontal-factor</var>x<var>vertical-factor</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="sampling-factor"></a>-sampling-factor <var>horizontal-factor</var>x<var>vertical-factor</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">sampling factors used by JPEG or MPEG-2 encoder and YUV decoder/encoder.</p>
<p>This option specifies the sampling factors to be used by the JPEG encoder
for chroma downsampling. If this option is omitted, the JPEG library will use
its own default values. When reading or writing the YUV format and when
-writing the M2V (MPEG-2) format, use <a href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 2x1</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 4:2:2</a> to specify the 4:2:2
+writing the M2V (MPEG-2) format, use <a
+href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 2x1</a> or <a
+href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 4:2:2</a> to specify the 4:2:2
downsampling method.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="scale"></a>-scale <var>geometry</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="scale"></a>-scale <var>geometry</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">minify / magnify the image with pixel block averaging and pixel replication, respectively.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="scene"></a>-scene <var>value</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="scene"></a>-scene <var>value</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">set scene number.</p>
<p>This option sets the scene number of an image or the first image in an image sequence.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="screen"></a>-screen</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="screen"></a>-screen</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">specify the screen to capture.</p>
that are independent windows but appear over the specified window.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="seed"></a>-seed</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="seed"></a>-seed</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">seed a new sequence of pseudo-random numbers</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="segment"></a>-segment <var>cluster-threshold</var>x<var>smoothing-threshold</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="segment"></a>-segment <var>cluster-threshold</var>x<var>smoothing-threshold</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">segment the colors of an image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="selective-blur"></a>-selective-blur <var>radius</var><br>-selective-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>{<var>+threshold</var>}</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="selective-blur"></a>-selective-blur <var>radius</var><br />-selective-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>{<var>+threshold</var>}</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Selectively blur pixels within a contrast threshold.</p>
contrast. The threshold may be expressed as a fraction of <var>QuantumRange</var> or as a percentage.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="separate"></a>-separate</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="separate"></a>-separate</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">separate an image channel into a grayscale image. Specify the channel with <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sepia-tone"></a>-sepia-tone <var>threshold</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="sepia-tone"></a>-sepia-tone <var>percent-threshold</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">simulate a sepia-toned photo.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="set"></a>-set <var>key value</var></h3>
- <h3 class="magick-header">+set <var>key</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="set"></a>-set <var>key value</var></h3>
+ <h3>+set <var>key</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">sets image attributes and properties for images in the current image sequence.</p>
appropriate. </p>
<p>For example, it will modify specific well known image meta-data
-'attributes' such as those normally overridden by: the options <a href="command-line-options.html#delay">-delay</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose">-dispose</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#colorspace">-colorspace</a>; generally
+'attributes' such as those normally overridden by: the options <a
+href="command-line-options.html#delay" >-delay</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose" >-dispose</a>, and <a
+href="command-line-options.html#page" >-page</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#colorspace" >-colorspace</a>; generally
assigned before the image is read in, by using a <var>key</var> of
the same name. </p>
<p>If the given <var>key</var> does not match a specific known
'attribute ', such as shown above, the setting is stored as a a free form
-'property' string. Such settings are listed in <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose">-verbose</a> information ("<code>info:</code>" output format) as "Properties".
+'property' string. Such settings are listed in <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose"
+>-verbose</a> information ("<code>info:</code>" output format) as "Properties".
</p>
<p>This includes string 'properties' that are set by and assigned to images
-using the options <a href="command-line-options.html#comment">-comment</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#label">-label</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#caption">-caption</a>. These options actually assign
-a global 'artifact' which are automatically assigned (and any <a href="escape.html">Format Percent
+using the options <a href="command-line-options.html#comment" >-comment</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#label"
+>-label</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#caption" >-caption</a>. These options actually assign
+a global 'artifact' which are automatically assigned (and any <a href="escape.html" >Format Percent
Escapes</a> expanded) to images as they are read in. For example:</p>
-<pre>
-convert rose: -set comment 'Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose' rose.png
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-> convert rose: -set comment 'Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose' rose.png
identify -format %c rose.png
Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
-<p>The set value can also make use of <a href="escape.html">Format and Print Image
+<p>The set value can also make use of <a href="escape.html" >Format and Print Image
Properties</a> in the defined value. For example:</p>
-<pre>
-convert rose: -set origsize '%wx%h' -resize 50% \
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-> convert rose: -set origsize '%wx%h' -resize 50% \
-format 'Old size = %[origsize] New size = %wx%h' info:
Old size = 70x46 New size = 35x23
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
-<p>Other well known 'properties' that are availible include:
+<p>Other well known 'properties' that are available include:
'<code>date:create</code>' and '<code>date:modify</code>' and
'<code>signature</code>'. </p>
<p>This option can also associate a colorspace or profile with your image.
For example,</p>
-<pre>
-convert image.psd -set profile ISOcoated_v2_eci.icc image-icc.psd
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert image.psd -set profile ISOcoated_v2_eci.icc image-icc.psd
+</code></pre>
<p>Some 'properties' must be defined in a specific way to be used. For
example only 'properties' prefixed with "<code>filename:</code>" can be used to
modify the output filename of an image. For example</p>
-<pre>
-convert rose: -set filename:mysize '%wx%h' 'rose_%[filename:mysize].png'
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert rose: -set filename:mysize '%wx%h' 'rose_%[filename:mysize].png'
+</code></pre>
<p>If the setting value is prefixed with "<code>option:</code>" the setting will
-be saved as a global "Artifact" exactly as if it was set using the <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> option. As such settings are global in scope, they
+be saved as a global "Artifact" exactly as if it was set using the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> option. As such settings are global in scope, they
can be used to pass 'attributes' and 'properties' of one specific image,
in a way that allows you to use them in a completely different image, even if
the original image has long since been modified or destroyed. For example: </p>
-<pre>
-convert rose: -set option:rosesize '%wx%h' -delete 0 \
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert rose: -set option:rosesize '%wx%h' -delete 0 \
label:'%[rosesize]' label_size_of_rose.gif"
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
-<p>Note that <a href="escape.html">Format Percent Escapes</a> will only match
+<p>Note that <a href="escape.html" >Format Percent Escapes</a> will only match
a 'artifact' if the given <var>key</var> does not match an existing
'attribute' or 'property'. </p>
the commandline option as shown below or by setting the profile via a
programming interface:</p>
-<pre>
-convert in.png -set profile PNG-chunk-x:<filename> out.png
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert in.png -set profile PNG-chunk-x:<filename> out.png
+</code></pre>
<p>where <var>x</var> is a location flag and
<var>filename</var> is a file containing the chunk
subsequent profiles from overwriting the preceding ones, e.g.,</p>
-<pre>
-convert in.png -set profile PNG-chunk-b01:file01 \
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert in.png -set profile PNG-chunk-b01:file01 \
-profile PNG-chunk-b02:file02 out.png
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="shade"></a>-shade <var>azimuth</var>x<var>elevation</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="shade"></a>-shade <var>azimuth</var>x<var>elevation</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">shade the image using a distant light source.</p>
the shading results as a grayscale image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="shadow"></a>-shadow <var>percent-opacity</var>{x<var>sigma</var>}{<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="shadow"></a>-shadow <var>percent-opacity</var>{x<var>sigma</var>}{<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">simulate an image shadow.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="shared-memory"></a>-shared-memory</h3>
+ <h3><a
+id="shared-memory"></a>-shared-memory</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">use shared memory.</p>
Otherwise, this option is ignored. The default is <code>True</code>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sharpen"></a>-sharpen <var>radius</var><br>-sharpen <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="sharpen"></a>-sharpen <var>radius</var><br />-sharpen <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">sharpen the image.</p>
<p>Use a Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (sigma).</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="shave"></a>-shave <var>geometry</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="shave"></a>-shave <var>geometry</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Shave pixels from the image edges.</p>
<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="shear"></a>-shear <var>Xdegrees</var>[x<var>Ydegrees</var>]</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="shear"></a>-shear <var>Xdegrees</var>[x<var>Ydegrees</var>]</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Shear the image along the x-axis and/or y-axis.</p>
<var>commute</var>, i.e., the order matters in a sequence of shears. For
example, the following two commands are not equivalent.</p>
-<pre>
-convert logo: -shear 20x0 -shear 0x60 logo-sheared.png
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert logo: -shear 20x0 -shear 0x60 logo-sheared.png
convert logo: -shear 0x60 -shear 20x0 logo-sheared.png
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
<p>The first of the two commands above is equivalent to the following, except
for the amount of empty space created; the command that follows generates
a smaller image, and so is a better choice in terms of time and space.</p>
-<pre>
-convert logo: -shear 20x60 logo-sheared.png
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert logo: -shear 20x60 logo-sheared.png
+</code></pre>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sigmoidal-contrast"></a>-sigmoidal-contrast <var>contrast</var>x<var>mid-point</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="sigmoidal-contrast"></a>-sigmoidal-contrast <var>contrast</var>x<var>mid-point</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">increase the contrast without saturating highlights or shadows.</p>
<p>By default the image contrast is increased, use <var>+sigmoidal-contrast</var> to decrease the contrast.</p>
-<p>To achieve the equivalent of a sigmoidal brightness change (similar to
+<p>To achieve the equivalent of a sigmoidal brightness change (similar to
a gamma adjustment), you would use <var>-sigmoidal-contrast
{brightness}x0%</var> to increase brightness and <var>+sigmoidal-contrast {brightness}x0%</var> to decrease brightness.
Note the use of '0' fo rthe mid-point of the sigmoidal curve. </p>
<var>mid-point</var>. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="silent"></a>-silent</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="silent"></a>-silent</h3>
+
+
</div>
-<p class="magick-description">operate silently.</p>
+<p class="magick-description">operate silently. This option is only used
+by the <a href="import.html">import</a> tool.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="similarity-threshold"></a>-similarity-threshold <var>value</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="similarity-threshold"></a>-similarity-threshold <var>value</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">minimum RMSE for subimage match.</p>
<p>If this setting is used, then the search will stop as soon as it finds a match whose metric is less than or equal to the value. A partially filled second output image will result. Using a value of zero, will cause the search to stop at the first perfect match it finds. If this setting is left off, then the search will proceed to completion or as limited by <var>-dissimilarity-threshold</var>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="size"></a>-size <var>width</var>[x<var>height</var>][<var>+offset</var>]</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="size"></a>-size <var>width</var>[x<var>height</var>][<var>+offset</var>]</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">set the width and height of the image.</p>
<p>Use this option to specify the width and height of raw images whose
dimensions are unknown such as <code>GRAY</code>, <code>RGB</code>, or
-<code>CMYK</code>. In addition to width and height, use <a href="command-line-options.html#size">-size</a> with an offset to skip any header information in the
+<code>CMYK</code>. In addition to width and height, use <a
+href="command-line-options.html#size">-size</a> with an offset to skip any header information in the
image or tell the number of colors in a <code>MAP</code> image file, (e.g. -size
640x512+256).</p>
<p>For Photo CD images, choose from these sizes:</p>
-<pre>
-192x128
+<pre class="highlight"><code>192x128
384x256
768x512
1536x1024
3072x2048
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sketch"></a>-sketch <var>radius</var><br>-sketch <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>+<var>angle</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="sketch"></a>-sketch <var>radius</var><br />-sketch <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>+<var>angle</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">simulate a pencil sketch.</p>
direction people would consider the object is coming from. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="smush"></a>-smush <var>offset</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="smush"></a>-smush <var>offset</var></h3>
</div>
-<p class="magick-description">smush an image sequence together.</p>
+<p class="magick-description">appends an image sequence together ignoring transparency.</p>
+
+<p>Smush is a more flexible version of <a href="command-line-options.html#append">-append</a>, joining the images in the sequence top-to-bottom (<a href="command-line-options.html#smush">-smush</a>) or left-to-right (<a href="command-line-options.html#smush">+smush</a>), with a gap between images according to the specified offset.</p>
+
+<p>If the offset is negative, images will overlap by that amount.</p>
+
+<p><a href="command-line-options.html#smush">-smush</a> respects <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a>. Any empty space will be filled with the <a href="command-line-options.html#background">-background</a> color.</p>
+
+<p>For zero offset and transparent images, the non-transparent parts of the two images will be aligned as close as possible without overlapping.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="snaps"></a>-snaps <var>value</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="snaps"></a>-snaps <var>value</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Set the number of screen snapshots.</p>
<p>Use this option to grab more than one image from the X server screen, to create an animation sequence.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="solarize"></a>-solarize <var>threshold</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="solarize"></a>-solarize <var>percent-threshold</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">negate all pixels above the threshold level.</p>
exposing a photographic film to light during the development process.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sparse-color"></a>-sparse-color <var>method</var> '<var>x</var>,<var>y</var> <var>color</var> ...'</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="sparse-color"></a>-sparse-color <var>method</var> '<var>x</var>,<var>y</var> <var>color</var> ...'</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description"> color the given image using the specified points of color, and filling the other intervening colors using the given methods. </p>
-<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
- <tbody>
- <tr>
- <th style="width: 8%">Method</th>
- <th>Description</th>
- </tr>
-
- <tr>
- <td>barycentric</td>
- <td>three point triangle of color given 3 points.
+<dl class="row">
+ <dt class="col-md-4">barycentric</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">three point triangle of color given 3 points.
Giving only 2 points will form a linear gradient between those points.
The gradient generated extends beyond the triangle created by those
- 3 points. </td>
- </tr>
-
- <tr>
- <td>bilinear</td>
- <td>Like barycentric but for 4 points. Less than 4 points
- fall back to barycentric. </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>voronoi</td>
- <td>Simply map each pixel to the to nearest color point
- given. The result are polygonal 'cells' of solid color. </td>
- </tr>
-
- <tr>
- <td>shepards</td>
- <td>Colors points biased on the ratio of inverse distance
+ 3 points. </dd>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">bilinear</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">Like barycentric but for 4 points. Less than 4 points
+ fall back to barycentric. </dd>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">voronoi</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">Simply map each pixel to the to nearest color point
+ given. The result are polygonal 'cells' of solid color. </dd>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">manhattan</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">Like voronoi, but resulting polygonal 'cells' are mapped to a fixed coordinate system.</dd>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">shepards</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">Colors points biased on the ratio of inverse distance
squared. Generating spots of color in a sea of the average of
- colors. </td>
- </tr>
-
- <tr>
- <td>inverse</td>
- <td>Colors points biased on the ratio of inverse distance.
+ colors. </dd>
+ <dt class="col-md-4">inverse</dt>
+ <dd class="col-md-8">Colors points biased on the ratio of inverse distance.
This generates sharper points of color rather than rounded spots of
'<code>shepards</code>' Generating spots of color in a sea of the
- average of colors. </td>
- </tr>
-
- </tbody>
-</table>
+ average of colors. </dd>
+</dl>
<p>The points are placed according to the images location on the virtual
-canvas (<a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">-repage</a>
+canvas (<a href="command-line-options.html#page" >-page</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >-repage</a>
offset), and do not actually have to exist on the given image, but may be
some point beyond the edge of the image. All points are floating point values.
</p>
-<p>Only the color channels defined by the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> are
+<p>Only the color channels defined by the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> are
modified, which means that by default matte/alpha transparency channel is not
-effected. Typically transparency channel is turned off either before or after
+affected. Typically transparency channel is turned off either before or after
the operation. </p>
<p>Of course if some color points are transparent to generate a transparent
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="splice"></a>-splice <var>geometry</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="splice"></a>-splice <var>geometry</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Splice the current background color into the image.</p>
-<p>This will add rows and columns of the current <a href="command-line-options.html#background">-background</a> color into the given image according to the
+<p>This will add rows and columns of the current <a
+href="command-line-options.html#background">-background</a> color into the given image according to the
given <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> geometry setting. See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Essentially <a href="command-line-options.html#splice">-splice</a> will divide the
image into four quadrants, separating them by the inserted rows and columns.
</p>
<p>If a dimension of geometry is zero no rows or columns will be added for that
-dimension. Similarly using a zero offset with the appropriate <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting will add rows and columns to the edges of
-the image, padding the image only along that one edge. Edge padding is what <a href="command-line-options.html#splice">-splice</a> is most commonly used for. </p>
+dimension. Similarly using a zero offset with the appropriate <a
+href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting will add rows and columns to the edges of
+the image, padding the image only along that one edge. Edge padding is what <a
+href="command-line-options.html#splice">-splice</a> is most commonly used for. </p>
-<p>If the exact same <var>geometry</var> and <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> is later used with <a href="command-line-options.html#chop">-chop</a> the
+<p>If the exact same <var>geometry</var> and <a
+href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> is later used with <a href="command-line-options.html#chop">-chop</a> the
added added all splices removed. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="spread"></a>-spread <var>amount</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="spread"></a>-spread <var>amount</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">displace image pixels by a random amount.</p>
<p>The argument <var>amount</var> defines the size of the
neighborhood around each pixel from which to choose a candidate pixel to
-swap.</p>
+blend.</p>
+
+<p>The lookup is controlled by the <a href="command-line-options.html#interpolate">-interpolate</a> setting.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="statistic"></a>-statistic <var>type</var> <var>geometry</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="statistic"></a>-statistic <var>type</var> <var>geometry</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">replace each pixel with corresponding statistic from the neighborhood.</p>
<p>Choose from these statistic types:</p>
-<dl class="dl-horizontal">
-<dt>Gradient</dt><dd>maximum difference (max - min) value in neighborhood</dd>
-<dt>Maximum</dt><dd>maximum value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
-<dt>Minimum</dt><dd>minimum value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
-<dt>Mean</dt><dd>average value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
-<dt>Median</dt><dd>median value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
-<dt>Mode</dt><dd>mode (most frequent) value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
-<dt>Nonpeak</dt><dd>value just before or after the median value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
-<dt>RMS</dt><dd>root mean square value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
-<dt>StandardDeviation</dt><dd> standard deviation value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
+<dl class="row">
+<dt class="col-md-4">Gradient</dt><dd class="col-md-8">maximum difference (max - min) value in neighborhood</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">Maximum</dt><dd class="col-md-8">maximum value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">Minimum</dt><dd class="col-md-8">minimum value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">Mean</dt><dd class="col-md-8">average value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">Median</dt><dd class="col-md-8">median value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">Mode</dt><dd class="col-md-8">mode (most frequent) value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">Nonpeak</dt><dd class="col-md-8">value just before or after the median value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">RMS</dt><dd class="col-md-8">root mean square value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">StandardDeviation</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> standard deviation value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
</dl>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="stegano"></a>-stegano <var>offset</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="stegano"></a>-stegano <var>offset</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">hide watermark within an image.</p>
320x256+35 stegano:image.png).</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="stereo"></a>-stereo <var>+x</var>{<var>+y</var>}</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="stereo"></a>-stereo <var>+x</var>{<var>+y</var>}</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">composite two images to create a red / cyan stereo anaglyph.</p>
<p>The left side of the stereo pair (second image) is saved as the red channel of the output image. The right side (first image) is saved as the green and blue channels. Red-green stereo glasses are required to properly view the stereo image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="storage-type"></a>-storage-type <var>type</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="storage-type"></a>-storage-type <var>type</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">pixel storage type. Here are the valid types:</p>
-<pre>
-char unsigned characters
-double doubles
-float floats
-integer integers
-long longs
-quantum pixels in the native depth of your ImageMagick distribution
-short unsigned shorts
-</pre>
+<dl class="row">
+<dt class="col-md-4">char</dt><dd class="col-md-8">unsigned characters</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">double</dt><dd class="col-md-8">doubles</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">float</dt><dd class="col-md-8">floats</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">integer</dt><dd class="col-md-8">integers</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">long</dt><dd class="col-md-8">longs</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">quantum</dt><dd class="col-md-8">pixels in the native depth of your ImageMagick distribution</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">short</dt><dd class="col-md-8">unsigned shorts</dd>
+</dl>
<p>Float and double types are normalized from 0.0 to 1.0 otherwise the pixels
values range from 0 to the maximum value the storage type can support.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="stretch"></a>-stretch <var>fontStretch</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="stretch"></a>-stretch <var>fontStretch</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Set a type of stretch style for fonts.</p>
<p>This setting suggests a type of stretch that ImageMagick should try to
apply to the currently selected font family. Select <var>fontStretch</var> from the following.</p>
-<pre>
-Any
+<pre class="highlight"><code>Any
Condensed
Expanded
ExtraCondensed
SemiExpanded
UltraCondensed
UltraExpanded
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
<p>To print a complete list of stretch types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
stretch</a>.</p>
-<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
+<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
+href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a
+href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="strip"></a>-strip</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="strip"></a>-strip</h3>
</div>
-<p class="magick-description">strip the image of any profiles or comments.</p>
+<p class="magick-description">strip the image of any profiles, comments or these PNG chunks: bKGD,cHRM,EXIF,gAMA,iCCP,iTXt,sRGB,tEXt,zCCP,zTXt,date.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="stroke"></a>-stroke <var>color</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="stroke"></a>-stroke <var>color</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">color to use when stroking a graphic primitive.</p>
<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="strokewidth"></a>-strokewidth <var>value</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="strokewidth"></a>-strokewidth <var>value</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">set the stroke width.</p>
<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="style"></a>-style <var>fontStyle</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="style"></a>-style <var>fontStyle</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Set a font style for text.</p>
the currently selected font family. Select <var>fontStyle</var> from
the following.</p>
-<pre>
-Any
+<pre class="highlight"><code>Any
Italic
Normal
Oblique
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
-<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
+<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
+href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a
+href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="subimage-search"></a>-subimage-search</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="subimage-search"></a>-subimage-search</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">search for subimage.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="swap"></a>-swap <var>index,index</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="swap"></a>-swap <var>index,index</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Swap the positions of two images in the image sequence.</p>
the last two images in the sequence.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="swirl"></a>-swirl <var>degrees</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="swirl"></a>-swirl <var>degrees</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">swirl image pixels about the center.</p>
<p><var>Degrees</var> defines the tightness of the swirl.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="synchronize"></a>-synchronize</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="synchronize"></a>-synchronize</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">synchronize image to storage device.</p>
is not enough disk space for the image pixel cache.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="taint"></a>-taint</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="taint"></a>-taint</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Mark the image as modified.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="text-font"></a>-text-font <var>name</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="text-font"></a>-text-font <var>name</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">font for writing fixed-width text.</p>
<code>x:fixed</code> is OPTION1.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="texture"></a>-texture <var>filename</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="texture"></a>-texture <var>filename</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">name of texture to tile onto the image background.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="threshold"></a>-threshold <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="threshold"></a>-threshold <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
</div>
<!-- {<var>green,blue,opacity</var>}
<p class="magick-description">Apply simultaneous black/white threshold to the image.</p>
-<p>Any pixel values (more specifically, those channels set using <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a>) that exceed the specified threshold are reassigned the
+<p>Any pixel values (more specifically, those channels set using <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a>) that exceed the specified threshold are reassigned the
maximum channel value, while all other values are assigned the minimum.</p>
<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer
channel. The green, blue, and alpha channels (if present) would be unchanged.
</p>
-<pre>
-convert in.png -channel red -threshold 50% out.png
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert in.png -channel red -threshold 50% out.png
+</code></pre>
<p>As (possibly) impractical but instructive examples, the following would
generate an all-black and an all-white image with the same dimensions as the
input image.</p>
-<pre>
-convert in.png -threshold 100% black.png
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert in.png -threshold 100% black.png
convert in.png -threshold -1 white.png
-</pre>
+</code></pre>
<p>Note that the values of the transparency channel is treated as 'matte'
values (0 is opaque) and not as 'alpha' values (0 is transparent).</p>
-<p> See also <a href="command-line-options.html#black-threshold">‑black‑threshold</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#white-threshold">‑white‑threshold</a>.
+<p> See also <a href="command-line-options.html#black-threshold">‑black‑threshold</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#white-threshold">‑white‑threshold</a>.
</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="thumbnail"></a>-thumbnail <var>geometry</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="thumbnail"></a>-thumbnail <var>geometry</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Create a thumbnail of the image.</p>
<p>This is similar to <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a>, except it is optimized
for speed and any image profile, other than a color profile, is removed to
-reduce the thumbnail size. To strip the color profiles as well, add <a href="command-line-options.html#strip">-strip</a> just before of after this option.</p>
+reduce the thumbnail size. To strip the color profiles as well, add <a
+href="command-line-options.html#strip">-strip</a> just before of after this option.</p>
<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="tile"></a>-tile <var>filename</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="tile"></a>-tile <var>filename</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Set the tile image used for filling a subsequent graphic primitive.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header">-tile <var>geometry</var></h3>
+ <h3>-tile <var>geometry</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Specify the layout of images.</p>
<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header">-tile</h3>
+ <h3>-tile</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Specifies that a subsequent composite operation is repeated across and down image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="tile-offset"></a>-tile-offset {<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="tile-offset"></a>-tile-offset {<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Specify the offset for tile images, relative to the background image it is tiled on.</p>
-<p>This should be set before the tiling image is set by <a href="command-line-options.html#tile">-tile</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#texture">-texture</a>, or directly applied for
+<p>This should be set before the tiling image is set by <a href="command-line-options.html#tile"
+>-tile</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#texture" >-texture</a>, or directly applied for
creating a tiled canvas using <code>TILE:</code> or <code>PATTERN:</code> input
formats. </p>
-<p>Internally ImageMagick does a <a href="command-line-options.html#roll">-roll</a> of the tile image
+<p>Internally ImageMagick does a <a href="command-line-options.html#roll" >-roll</a> of the tile image
by the arguments given when the tile image is set. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="tint"></a>-tint <var>value</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="tint"></a>-tint <var>value</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Tint the image with the fill color.</p>
as the various shades of grey.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="title"></a>-title <var>string</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="title"></a>-title <var>string</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Assign a title to displayed image.", "animate", "display", "montage</p>
<p>For example,</p>
-<pre>
--title "%m:%f %wx%h"
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>-title "%m:%f %wx%h"
+</code></pre>
<p>produces an image title of <code>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</code> for an image
titled <code>bird.miff</code> and whose width is 512 and height is 480.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transform"></a>-transform</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="transform"></a>-transform</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">transform the image.</p>
<p>This option applies the transformation matrix from a previous <a href="command-line-options.html#affine">-affine</a> option.</p>
-<pre>
-convert -affine 2,2,-2,2,0,0 -transform bird.ppm bird.jpg
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert -affine 2,2,-2,2,0,0 -transform bird.ppm bird.jpg
+</code></pre>
-<p>This operator has been now been superseded by the <a href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a> '<code>AffineProjection</code>' method. </p>
+<p>This operator has been now been superseded by the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a> '<code>AffineProjection</code>' method. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transparent"></a>-transparent <var>color</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="transparent"></a>-transparent <var>color</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Make this color transparent within the image.</p>
<p>The <var>color</var> argument is defined using the format
-described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option. The <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz">-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
+described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option. The <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz"
+>-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
given. </p>
-<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent">+transparent</a> to invert the pixels matched.
+<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent" >+transparent</a> to invert the pixels matched.
that is make all non-matching colors transparent. </p>
-<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque">-opaque</a> operator is exactly the same as <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent">-transparent</a> but replaces the matching color with the
+<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque">-opaque</a> operator is exactly the same as <a
+href="command-line-options.html#transparent" >-transparent</a> but replaces the matching color with the
current <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> color setting, rather than transparent.
-However the <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent">-transparent</a> operator also ensures
-that the image has an alpha channel enabled, as per "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha">-alpha</a> set</code>", and does not require you to modify the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
+However the <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent" >-transparent</a> operator also ensures
+that the image has an alpha channel enabled, as per "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha"
+>-alpha</a> set</code>", and does not require you to modify the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
<p>Note that this does not define the color as being the 'transparency color'
-used for color-mapped image formats, such as GIF. For that use <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent-color">-transparent-color</a> </p>
+used for color-mapped image formats, such as GIF. For that use <a
+href="command-line-options.html#transparent-color" >-transparent-color</a> </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transparent-color"></a>-transparent-color <var>color</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="transparent-color"></a>-transparent-color <var>color</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Set the transparent color.</p>
<p>Sometimes this is used for saving to image formats such as
GIF and PNG8 which uses this color to represent boolean transparency. This
does not make a color transparent, it only defines what color the transparent
-color is in the color palette of the saved image. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent">-transparent</a> to make an opaque color transparent.</p>
+color is in the color palette of the saved image. Use <a
+href="command-line-options.html#transparent">-transparent</a> to make an opaque color transparent.</p>
<p>This option allows you to have both an opaque visible color, as well as a
transparent color of the same color value without conflict. That is, you can
<p>The default transparent color is <code>#00000000</code>, which is fully transparent black.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transpose"></a>-transpose</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="transpose"></a>-transpose</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Mirror the image along the top-left to bottom-right diagonal.</p>
</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transverse"></a>-transverse</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="transverse"></a>-transverse</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Mirror the image along the images bottom-left top-right diagonal. Equivalent to the operations <code>-flop -rotate 90</code>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="treedepth"></a>-treedepth <var>value</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="treedepth"></a>-treedepth <var>value</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">tree depth for the color reduction algorithm.</p>
image with the fastest computational speed and the least amount of memory.
However, the default depth is inappropriate for some images. To assure the
best representation, try values between 2 and 8 for this parameter. Refer to
-the <a href="quantize.html">color reduction algorithm</a> for more details.</p>
+the <a href="../www/quantize.html"
+>color reduction algorithm</a> for more details.</p>
<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#monochrome">-monochrome</a>
option, or writing to an image format which requires color reduction, is
required for this option to take effect.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="trim"></a>-trim</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="trim"></a>-trim</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">trim an image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="type"></a>-type <var>type</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="type"></a>-type <var>type</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">the image type.</p> <p>Choose from: <code>Bilevel</code>,
<code>ColorSeparation</code>, or <code>ColorSeparationMatte</code>.</p>
<p>Normally, when a format supports different subformats such as grayscale and
-truecolor, the encoder will try to choose an efficient subformat. The <a href="command-line-options.html#type">-type</a> option can be used to override this behavior. For
+truecolor, the encoder will try to choose an efficient subformat. The <a
+href="command-line-options.html#type">-type</a> option can be used to override this behavior. For
example, to prevent a JPEG from being written in grayscale format even though
only gray pixels are present, use.</p>
-<pre>
-convert bird.png -type TrueColor bird.jpg
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>convert bird.png -type TrueColor bird.jpg
+</code></pre>
<p>Similarly, use <a href="command-line-options.html#type">-type TrueColorMatte</a> to force the
encoder to write an alpha channel even though the image is opaque, if the
<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#type">-type optimize</a> to ensure the image is written in the smallest possible file size.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="undercolor"></a>-undercolor <var>color</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="undercolor"></a>-undercolor <var>color</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">set the color of the annotation bounding box.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="update"></a>-update <var>seconds</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="update"></a>-update <var>seconds</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">detect when image file is modified and redisplay.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="unique-colors"></a>-unique-colors</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="unique-colors"></a>-unique-colors</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">discard all but one of any pixel color.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="units"></a>-units <var>type</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="units"></a>-units <var>type</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">the units of image resolution.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="unsharp"></a>-unsharp <var>radius</var><br>-unsharp <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>{<var>+gain</var>}{<var>+threshold</var>}</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="unsharp"></a>-unsharp <var>radius</var><br />-unsharp <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>{<var>+gain</var>}{<var>+threshold</var>}</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">sharpen the image with an unsharp mask operator.</p>
<p>The parameters are:</p>
-<pre>
- radius The radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center
- pixel (default 0).
- sigma The standard deviation of the Gaussian, in pixels (default 1.0).
- gain The fraction of the difference between the original and the blur
- image that is added back into the original (default 1.0).
- threshold The threshold, as a fraction of <var>QuantumRange</var>, needed to apply the
- difference amount (default 0.05).
-</pre>
-
+<dl class="row">
+<dt class="col-md-4">radius</dt>
+<dd class="col-md-8">The radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center pixel (default 0).</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">sigma</dt>
+<dd class="col-md-8">The standard deviation of the Gaussian, in pixels (default 1.0).</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">gain</dt>
+<dd class="col-md-8">The fraction of the difference between the original and the blur image that is added back into the original (default 1.0).</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">threshold</dt>
+<dd class="col-md-8">The threshold, as a fraction of <var>QuantumRange</var>, needed to apply the difference amount (default 0.05).</dd>
+</dl>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="verbose"></a>-verbose</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="verbose"></a>-verbose</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">print detailed information about the image when this option precedes the <a href="command-line-options.html#identify">-identify</a> option or <code>info:</code>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="version"></a>-version</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="version"></a>-version</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">print ImageMagick version string and exit.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="view"></a>-view <var>string</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="view"></a>-view <var>string</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">FlashPix viewing parameters.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="vignette"></a>-vignette <var>radius</var>{x<var>sigma</var>}{<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="vignette"></a>-vignette <var>radius</var>{x<var>sigma</var>}{<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">soften the edges of the image in vignette style.</p>
<p>The vignette effect rolloff is controlled by radiusxsigma. For nominal rolloff, this would be set to 0xsigma. A value of 0x0 will produce a circle/ellipse with no rolloff. The arguments x and y control the size of the circle. Larger values decrease the radii and smaller values increase the radii. Values of +0+0 will generate a circle/ellipse the same size as the image. The default values for x and y are 10% of the corresponding image dimension. Thus, the radii will be decreased by 10%, i.e., the diameters of the circle/ellipse will be 80% of the corresponding image dimension.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="virtual-pixel"></a>-virtual-pixel <var>method</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="virtual-pixel"></a>-virtual-pixel <var>method</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Specify contents of <var>virtual pixels</var>.</p>
<p>Choose from these methods:</p>
-<dl class="dl-horizontal">
-<dt>background</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is the background color</dd>
-<dt>black</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is black</dd>
-<dt>checker-tile</dt><dd>alternate squares with image and background color</dd>
-<dt>dither</dt><dd>non-random 32x32 dithered pattern</dd>
-<dt>edge</dt><dd>extend the edge pixel toward infinity</dd>
-<dt>gray</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is gray</dd>
-<dt>horizontal-tile</dt><dd>horizontally tile the image, background color above/below</dd>
-<dt>horizontal-tile-edge</dt><dd>horizontally tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels</dd>
-<dt>mirror</dt><dd>mirror tile the image</dd>
-<dt>random</dt><dd>choose a random pixel from the image</dd>
-<dt>tile</dt><dd>tile the image (default)</dd>
-<dt>transparent</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is transparent blackness</dd>
-<dt>vertical-tile</dt><dd>vertically tile the image, sides are background color</dd>
-<dt>vertical-tile-edge</dt><dd>vertically tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels</dd>
-<dt>white</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is white</dd>
+<dl class="row">
+<dt class="col-md-4">background</dt><dd class="col-md-8">the area surrounding the image is the background color</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">black</dt><dd class="col-md-8">the area surrounding the image is black</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">checker-tile</dt><dd class="col-md-8">alternate squares with image and background color</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">dither</dt><dd class="col-md-8">non-random 32x32 dithered pattern</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">edge</dt><dd class="col-md-8">extend the edge pixel toward infinity</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">gray</dt><dd class="col-md-8">the area surrounding the image is gray</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">horizontal-tile</dt><dd class="col-md-8">horizontally tile the image, background color above/below</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">horizontal-tile-edge</dt><dd class="col-md-8">horizontally tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">mirror</dt><dd class="col-md-8">mirror tile the image</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">random</dt><dd class="col-md-8">choose a random pixel from the image</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">tile</dt><dd class="col-md-8">tile the image (default)</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">transparent</dt><dd class="col-md-8">the area surrounding the image is transparent blackness</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">vertical-tile</dt><dd class="col-md-8">vertically tile the image, sides are background color</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">vertical-tile-edge</dt><dd class="col-md-8">vertically tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">white</dt><dd class="col-md-8">the area surrounding the image is white</dd>
</dl>
<p>The default value is "edge".</p>
-<p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#implode">-implode</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#fx">-fx</a>.
-However it also effects operations that may access pixels just outside the
-image proper, such as <a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">-convolve</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#sharpen">-sharpen</a>. </p>
+<p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#distort"
+>-distort</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#implode" >-implode</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#fx" >-fx</a>.
+However it also affects operations that may access pixels just outside the
+image proper, such as <a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">-convolve</a>, <a
+href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#sharpen">-sharpen</a>. </p>
-<p>To print a complete list of virtual pixel types, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list virtual-pixel</a> option.</p>
+<p>To print a complete list of virtual pixel types, use the <a
+href="command-line-options.html#list">-list virtual-pixel</a> option.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="visual"></a>-visual <var>type</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="visual"></a>-visual <var>type</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Animate images using this X visual type.", 'animate', 'display'</p>
<p>Choose from these visual classes:</p>
-<pre>
-StaticGray
-GrayScale
-StaticColor
-PseudoColor
-TrueColor
-DirectColor
-default
-visual id
-</pre>
+<pre class="highlight"><code>StaticGray TrueColor
+GrayScale DirectColor
+StaticColor default
+PseudoColor visual id
+</code></pre>
<p>The X server must support the visual you choose, otherwise an error occurs.
If a visual is not specified, the visual class that can display the most
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="watermark"></a>-watermark <var>brightness</var>x<var>saturation</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="watermark"></a>-watermark <var>brightness</var>x<var>saturation</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Watermark an image using the given percentages of brightness and saturation.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="wave"></a>-wave <var>amplitude</var><br>-wave <var>amplitude</var>x<var>wavelength</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="wave"></a>-wave <var>amplitude</var><br />-wave <var>amplitude</var>x<var>wavelength</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Shear the columns of an image into a sine wave.</p>
-<p>Specify <var>amplitude</var> and <var>wavelength</var>
-of the wave.</p>
+<div style="margin: auto;">
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="wavelet-denoise"></a>-wavelet-denoise <var>threshold</var><br />-wavelet-denoise <var>threshold</var>x<var>softness</var></h3>
+</div>
+
+<p class="magick-description">removes noise from the image using a wavelet transform. The threshold is the value below which everything is considered noise and ranges from 0.0 (none) to QuantumRange or use percent (e.g. 5%). Softness attenuates the threshold and typically ranges from 0.0 (none) to 1.0. The higher the value the more noise that remains in the image.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="weight"></a>-weight <var>fontWeight</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="weight"></a>-weight <var>fontWeight</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Set a font weight for text.</p>
the currently selected font family. Use a positive integer for
<var>fontWeight</var> or select from the following.</p>
-<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
- <col width="25%">
- <col width="75%">
- <thead>
- <tr>
- <th><var>fontWeight</var></th>
- <th>Description</th>
- </tr>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <tr><td>All </td>
- <td>No effect. </td></tr>
- <tr><td>Bold </td>
- <td>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 700.</td></tr>
- <tr><td>Bolder </td>
- <td>Add 100 to font weight if currently ≤ 800.</td></tr>
- <tr><td>Lighter </td>
- <td>Subtract 100 to font weight if currently ≤ 100.</td></tr>
- <tr><td>Normal </td>
- <td>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 400.</td></tr>
- </tbody>
- </table>
+<dl class="row">
+<dt class="col-md-4">Thin </dt>
+<dd class="col-md-8">Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 100.</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">ExtraLight </dt>
+<dd class="col-md-8">Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 200.</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">Light </dt>
+<dd class="col-md-8">Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 300.</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">Normal </dt>
+<dd class="col-md-8">Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 400.</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">Medium </dt>
+<dd class="col-md-8">Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 500.</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">DemiBold </dt>
+<dd class="col-md-8">Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 600.</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">Bold </dt>
+<dd class="col-md-8">Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 700.</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">ExtraBold </dt>
+<dd class="col-md-8">Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 800.</dd>
+<dt class="col-md-4">Heavy </dt>
+<dd class="col-md-8">Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 900.</dd>
+</dl>
+<br/>
-<p>To print a complete list of weight types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
-weight</a>.</p>
+<p>To print a complete list of weight types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list weight</a>.</p>
-<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>. </p>
+<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
+href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a
+href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="white-point"></a>-white-point <var>x,y</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="white-point"></a>-white-point <var>x,y</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">chromaticity white point.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="white-threshold"></a>-white-threshold <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="white-threshold"></a>-white-threshold <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Force to white all pixels above the threshold while leaving all pixels at or below the threshold unchanged.</p>
<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer
value within [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>] corresponding to the
-desired <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> value. See <a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a>for more details on thresholds and resulting values. </p>
+desired <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> value. See <a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a>for more details on thresholds and resulting values. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="window"></a>-window <var>id</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="window"></a>-window <var>id</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">Make the image the background of a window.", 'animate', 'display'</p>
for details.</p>
<p>The image will not display on the root window if the image has more unique
-colors than the target window colormap allows. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> to reduce the number of colors.</p>
+colors than the target window colormap allows. Use <a
+href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> to reduce the number of colors.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="window-group"></a>-window-group</h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="window-group"></a>-window-group</h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">specify the window group.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h3 class="magick-header"><a id="write"></a>-write <var>filename</var></h3>
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="write"></a>-write <var>filename</var></h3>
</div>
<p class="magick-description">write an image sequence.</p>
<p>The image sequence preceding the <a href="command-line-options.html#write">-write</a> <var>filename</var> option is written out, and processing continues with the same image in its current state if there are additional options. To restore the image to its original state after writing it, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#write">+write</a> <var>filename</var> option.</p>
<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#compress">-compress</a> to specify the type of image compression.</p>
+
+<div style="margin: auto;">
+ <h3><a class="anchor" id="write-mask"></a>-write-mask <var>filename</var></h3>
+</div>
+
+<p class="magick-description">Prevent updates to image pixels specified by the mask.</p>
+
+<p>This the same as using a mask used for composite masking operations, with
+grayscale values causing blended updates of the image the mask is attached to.
+</p>
+
+<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#write-mask">+write-mask</a> to remove the mask from images.</p>
+
+<p>Also see <a href="command-line-options.html#clip-mask">-clip-mask</a> which work in the same way,
+but with strict boolean masking. </p>
</div>
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