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</span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#font">‑font</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#foreground">‑foreground</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#format">‑format</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#format_identify_">‑format[identify]</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#frame">‑frame</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#frame_import_">‑frame[import]</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#function">‑function</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#fuzz">‑fuzz</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#fx">‑fx</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#gamma">‑gamma</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#gaussian-blur">‑gaussian‑blur</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#geometry">‑geometry</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#gravity">‑gravity</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#green-primary">‑green‑primary</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#hald-clut">‑hald‑clut</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#help">‑help</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#highlight-color">‑highlight‑color</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#iconGeometry">‑iconGeometry</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#iconic">‑iconic</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#identify">‑identify</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#ift">‑ift</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#immutable">‑immutable</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#implode">‑implode</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#insert">‑insert</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#intent">‑intent</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#interlace">‑interlace</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#interpolate">‑interpolate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#interline-spacing">‑interline‑spacing</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#interword-spacing">‑interword‑spacing</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#kerning">‑kerning</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#label">‑label</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#lat">‑lat</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#layers">‑layers</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#level">‑level</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#level-colors">‑level‑colors</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#limit">‑limit</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#linear-stretch">‑linear‑stretch</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#linewidth">‑linewidth</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#liquid-rescale">‑liquid‑rescale</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#list">‑list</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#log">‑log</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#loop">‑loop</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#lowlight-color">‑lowlight‑color</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#magnify">‑magnify</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#map">‑map</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#map_stream_">‑map[stream]</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#mask">‑mask</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#mattecolor">‑mattecolor</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#median">‑median</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#metric">‑metric</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#mode">‑mode</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#modulate">‑modulate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#monitor">‑monitor</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#monochrome">‑monochrome</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#morph">‑morph</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#morphology">‑morphology</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#mosaic">‑mosaic</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#motion-blur">‑motion‑blur</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#name">‑name</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#negate">‑negate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#noise">‑noise</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#normalize">‑normalize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#opaque">‑opaque</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">‑ordered‑dither</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#orient">‑orient</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#page">‑page</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#paint">‑paint</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#path">‑path</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#pause_animate_">‑pause[animate]</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#pause_import_">‑pause[import]</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#pen">‑pen</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#ping">‑ping</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#pointsize">‑pointsize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#polaroid">‑polaroid</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#posterize">‑posterize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#precision">‑precision</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#preview">‑preview</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#print">‑print</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#process">‑process</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#profile">‑profile</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#quality">‑quality</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#quantize">‑quantize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#quiet">‑quiet</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#radial-blur">‑radial‑blur</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#raise">‑raise</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#random-threshold">‑random‑threshold</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#red-primary">‑red‑primary</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#regard-warnings">‑regard‑warnings</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#region">‑region</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#remap">‑remap</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#remote">‑remote</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#render">‑render</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#repage">‑repage</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#resample">‑resample</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#resize">‑resize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#respect-parentheses">‑respect‑parentheses</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#reverse">‑reverse</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#roll">‑roll</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#rotate">‑rotate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sample">‑sample</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">‑sampling‑factor</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#scale">‑scale</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#scene">‑scene</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#screen">‑screen</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#seed">‑seed</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#segment">‑segment</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#selective-blur">‑selective‑blur</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#separate">‑separate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sepia-tone">‑sepia‑tone</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#set">‑set</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#shade">‑shade</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#shadow">‑shadow</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#shared-memory">‑shared‑memory</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sharpen">‑sharpen</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#shave">‑shave</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#shear">‑shear</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sigmoidal-contrast">‑sigmoidal‑contrast</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#silent">‑silent</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#size">‑size</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sketch">‑sketch</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#snaps">‑snaps</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#solarize">‑solarize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sparse-color">‑sparse‑color</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#splice">‑splice</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#spread">‑spread</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#stegano">‑stegano</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#stereo">‑stereo</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#stretch">‑stretch</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#strip">‑strip</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#stroke">‑stroke</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#strokewidth">‑strokewidth</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#style">‑style</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#swap">‑swap</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#swirl">‑swirl</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#taint">‑taint</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#text-font">‑text‑font</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#texture">‑texture</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#thumbnail">‑thumbnail</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#tile">‑tile</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#tile-offset">‑tile‑offset</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#tint">‑tint</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#title">‑title</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transform">‑transform</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transparent">‑transparent</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transparent-color">‑transparent‑color</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transpose">‑transpose</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transverse">‑transverse</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#treedepth">‑treedepth</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#trim">‑trim</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#type">‑type</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#undercolor">‑undercolor</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#unique-colors">‑unique‑colors</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#units">‑units</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#unsharp">‑unsharp</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#update">‑update</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#verbose">‑verbose</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#version">‑version</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#view">‑view</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#vignette">‑vignette</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">‑virtual‑pixel</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#visual">‑visual</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#watermark">‑watermark</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#wave">‑wave</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#weight">‑weight</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#white-point">‑white‑point</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#white-threshold">‑white‑threshold</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#window">‑window</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#window-group">‑window‑group</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#write">‑write</a> ] </p>
-<p>Below is list of command-line options recognized by the ImageMagick <a href="../www/command-line-tools.html">command-line tools</a>. If you want a description of a particular option, click on the option name in the navigation bar above and you will go right to it. Unless otherwise noted, each option is recognized by the commands
-<a href="../www/convert.html">convert</a>, <a href="../www/mogrify.html">mogrify</a>, and .... </p>
+<p>Below is list of command-line options recognized by the ImageMagick <a
+href="../www/command-line-tools.html">command-line
+tools</a>. If you want a description of a particular option, click on the
+option name in the navigation bar above and you will go right to it. Unless
+otherwise noted, each option is recognized by the commands <a href="../www/convert.html">convert</a>, <a href="../www/mogrify.html">mogrify</a>, and .... </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<h4><a name="adaptive-blur" id="adaptive-blur"></a>-adaptive-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>[x<em class="arg">sigma</em>]</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adaptively blur pixels, with decreasing effect near edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-
+ "direction",
<p>A Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (<em class="arg">sigma</em>) is used. If <em class="arg">sigma</em> is not given it defaults to 1.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
- <td valign="top"><kbd>Off</kbd> or
- <kbd>Deactivate</kbd></td>
+ <td valign="top"><kbd>Activate</kbd> or <kbd>On</kbd></td>
<td valign="top">
- Disables the image's transparency channel. Does not delete or change the
- existing data, just turns off the use of that data. This is the same as
- the older <a href="#matte" >+matte</a> operator. </td></tr>
+ Enable the image's transparency channel. Note normally <kbd>Set</kbd>
+ should be used instead of this, unless you specifically need to
+ preserve existing (but specifically turned <kbd>Off</kbd>) transparency
+ channel. </td></tr>
<tr valign="top">
- <td valign="top"><kbd>On</kbd> or
- <kbd>Activate</kbd></td>
+ <td valign="top"><kbd>Deactivate</kbd> or <kbd>Off</kbd></td>
<td valign="top">
- Enables the image's use of transparency. If transparency data does not
- already exist, allocates the data and sets it to opaque. If the image has
- transparency data, the channel is enabled and the transparency data is not changed or modified in any way. This is NOT
- the same as the older <a href="#matte" >-matte</a> operator. </td></tr>
+ Disables the image's transparency channel. Does not delete or change the
+ existing data, just turns off the use of that data.</td></tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td valign="top"><kbd>Set</kbd></td>
<td valign="top">
- Turns '<kbd>On</kbd>' the alpha/matte channel and if it was previously
- turned off resets the channel to opaque. If the image already had the
- alpha channel turned on, it will have no effect. This is the same as the older <a href="#matte">-matte</a> operator. </td></tr>
+ Activates the alpha/matte channel. If it was previously turned off
+ then it also resets the channel to opaque. If the image already had
+ the alpha channel turned on, it will have no effect.</td></tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td valign="top"><kbd>Opaque</kbd></td>
<td valign="top">
- Turns '<kbd>On</kbd>' the alpha/matte channel and forces it to be fully
- opaque. </td></tr>
+ Enables the alpha/matte channel and forces it to be fully opaque.
+ </td></tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td valign="top"><kbd>Transparent</kbd></td>
<td valign="top">
- Turns '<kbd>On</kbd>' the alpha/matte channel and forces it to be fully
- transparent. This effectively creates a fully transparent image the same
- size as the original and with all its original RGB data still intact. </td></tr>
+ Activates the alpha/matte channel and forces it to be fully
+ transparent. This effectively creates a fully transparent image the
+ same size as the original and with all its original RGB data still
+ intact, but fully transparent. </td></tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td valign="top"><kbd>Extract</kbd></td>
<td valign="top">
Copies the alpha channel values into all the color channels and turns
- '<kbd>Off</kbd>' the the image's transparency, so as to generate a
- gray-scale mask of the image's shape. This is the inverse of
- '<kbd>Copy</kbd>'. </td></tr>
+ '<kbd>Off</kbd>' the the image's transparency, so as to generate
+ a gray-scale mask of the image's shape. The alpha channel data is left
+ intact just deactivated. This is the inverse of '<kbd>Copy</kbd>'.
+ </td></tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td valign="top"><kbd>Copy</kbd></td>
<td valign="top">
Turns '<kbd>On</kbd>' the alpha/matte channel, then copies the
- gray-scale intensity of the image, as an alpha mask, into the alpha
- channel, converting a gray-scale mask into a transparent shaped image
- ready to be colored appropriately. The color channels are not modified.
- </td></tr>
+ gray-scale intensity of the image, into the alpha channel, converting
+ a gray-scale mask into a transparent shaped mask ready to be colored
+ appropriately. The color channels are not modified. </td></tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td valign="top"><kbd>Shape</kbd></td>
<td valign="top">
As per '<kbd>Copy</kbd>' but also colors the resulting shape mask with
- the current background color.
+ the current background color. That is the RGB color channels is
+ replaced, with appropriate alpha shape.
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td valign="top"><kbd>Background</kbd></td>
<td valign="top">
- Set any fully-transparent pixel to the background color.
+ Set any fully-transparent pixel to the background color, while leaving
+ it fully-transparent. This can make some image file formats, such as
+ PNG, smaller as the RGB values of transparent pixels are more uniform,
+ and thus can compress better.
</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Note that while the <a href="#matte" >+matte</a> operation is the same as
-"<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> off</kbd>", the <a href="#matte"
->-matte</a> operation is the same as "<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> set</kbd>" and
-not "<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> on</kbd>".
-That is, "<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> set</kbd>" will ensure that the
-written image is opaque if the original image had no transparency
-channel enabled, regardless if transparency data is already present. </p>
+"<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> Off</kbd>", the <a href="#matte"
+>-matte</a> operation is the same as "<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a>
+Set</kbd>" and not "<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> On</kbd>". </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="blend" id="blend"></a>-blend <em class="arg">percent</em></h4>
+ <h4><a name="blend" id="blend"></a>-blend <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
</div>
-<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>blend an image into another by the given percent.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
+<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>blend an image into another by the given
absolute value or percent.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
<p>Blend will average the images together ('plus') according to the
percentages given and each pixels transparency. If only a single percentage
value is given it sets the weight of the composite or 'source' image, while
the background image is weighted by the exact opposite amount. That is a
-<kbd>-blend 30</kbd> merges 30% of the 'source' image with 70% of the
-'destination' image. Thus it is equivalent to <kbd>-blend 30x70</kbd>.</p>
+<kbd>-blend 30%</kbd> merges 30% of the 'source' image with 70% of the
+'destination' image. Thus it is equivalent to <kbd>-blend 30x70%</kbd>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the border width.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
+<div style="margin: auto;">
+ <h4><a name="brightness-contrast" id="brightness-contrast"></a>-brightness-contrast <em class="arg">brightness</em><br />-brightness-contrast <em class="arg">brightness</em>{x<em class="arg">contrast</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}}</h4>
+</div>
+
+<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adjust the brightness and/or contrast of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+
+<p>Brightness and Contrast values apply changes to the input image. They are not absolute settings. A brightness or contrast value of zero means no change. The range of values is -100 to +100 on each. Positive values increase the brightness or contrast and negative values decrease the brightness or contrast. To control only contrast, set the brightness=0. To control only brightness, set contrast=0 or just leave it off.</p>
+
+<p>You may also use <a href="#fill">-channel</a> to control which channels to apply the brightness and/or contrast change. The default is to apply the same transformation to all channels.</p>
+
+<p>Brightness and Contrast arguments are converted to offset and slope of a linear transform and applied using <a href="#fill">-function polynomial "slope,offset"</a>.</p>
+
+<p>The slope varies from 0 at contrast=-100 to almost vertical at contrast=+100. For brightness=0 and contrast=-100, the result will be totally midgray. For brightness=0 and contrast=+100, the result will approach but not quite reach a threshold at midgray; that is the linear transformation will be a a very steep vertical line at mid gray.</p>
+
+<p>Negative slopes, i.e. negating the image, are not possible with this function. All achievable slopes will be zero or positive.</p>
+
+<p>The offset varies from -0.5 at brightness=-100 to 0 at brightness=0 to +0.5 at brightness=+100. Thus, when contrast=0 and brightness=100, the result will be totally white. Similarly, when contrast=0 and brightness=-100, the result will be totally black.</p>
+
+<p>As the range of values for the arguments are -100 to +100, adding the '%' symbol will be no different than leaving it off.</p>
+
<div style="margin: auto;">
<h4><a name="cache" id="cache"></a>-cache <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
</div>
<p>Here is an example color correction collection:</p>
<pre class="text">
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<ColorCorrectionCollection xmlns="urn:ASC:CDL:v1.2">
- <ColorCorrection id="cc06668">
- <SOPNode>
- <Slope> 0.9 1.2 0.5 </Slope>
- <Offset> 0.4 -0.5 0.6 </Offset>
- <Power> 1.0 0.8 1.5 </Power>
- </SOPNode>
- <SATNode>
- <Saturation> 0.85 </Saturation>
- </SATNode>
- </ColorCorrection>
-</ColorCorrectionCollection>
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<ColorCorrectionCollection xmlns="urn:ASC:CDL:v1.2">
+ <ColorCorrection id="cc06668">
+ <SOPNode>
+ <Slope> 0.9 1.2 0.5 </Slope>
+ <Offset> 0.4 -0.5 0.6 </Offset>
+ <Power> 1.0 0.8 1.5 </Power>
+ </SOPNode>
+ <SATNode>
+ <Saturation> 0.85 </Saturation>
+ </SATNode>
+ </ColorCorrection>
+</ColorCorrectionCollection>
</pre>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<p>Choose from: <kbd>Red</kbd>, <kbd>Green</kbd>, <kbd>Blue</kbd>, <kbd>Alpha</kbd>, <kbd>Cyan</kbd>, <kbd>Magenta</kbd>, <kbd>Yellow</kbd>, <kbd>Black</kbd>, <kbd>Opacity</kbd>, <kbd>Index</kbd>, <kbd>RGB</kbd>, <kbd>RGBA</kbd>, <kbd>CMYK</kbd>, or <kbd>CMYKA</kbd>.</p>
-<p>To print a complete list of channel types, use <a href="#list">-list channel</a>.</p>
-
-<p>The channels above can be specified as a comma-separated list or can be
+<p>The channels above can also be specified as a comma-separated list or can be
abbreviated as a concatenation of the letters '<kbd>R</kbd>', '<kbd>G</kbd>',
'<kbd>B</kbd>', '<kbd>A</kbd>', '<kbd>O</kbd>', '<kbd>C</kbd>',
'<kbd>M</kbd>', '<kbd>Y</kbd>', '<kbd>K</kbd>'.
-For example, to negate only the alpha channel of an image, use</p>
+For example, to only select the <kbd>Red</kbd> and <kbd>Blue</kbd> channels
+you can either use </p>
<p class="crtsnip">
- -channel Alpha -negate
+ -channel Red,Blue
+</p>
+<p>or you can use the short hand form</p>
+<p class="crtsnip">
+ -channel RB
+</p>
+
+<p>All the channels that is present in an image can be specified using the
+special channel type <kbd>All</kbd>. Not all operators are 'channel capable',
+but generally any operators that are generally 'grey-scale' image operators,
+will understand this setting. See individual operator documentation. </p>
+
+<br>
+
+<p>On top of the normal channel selection a extra flag can be specified,
+'<kbd>Sync</kbd>'. This is turned on by default and if set means that
+operators that understand this flag should perform: cross-channel
+syncronization of the channels. If not specified, then most grey-scale
+operators will apply their image processing operations to each individual
+channel (as specified by the rest of the <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
+setting) completely independantally from each other. </p>
+
+<p>For example for operators such as <a href="#auto-level">-auto-level</a> and
+<a href="#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a> the color channels will be modified
+together in exactly the same way so that colors will remain in-sync. Without
+it being set, then each channel will be modified separatally and
+independantally, which may produce color distortion. </p>
+
+<p>The <a href="#morphology">-morphology</a> '<kdb>Convolve</kdb>' method
+and the <a href="#compose">-compose</a> mathematical methods, also understands
+the '<kbd>Sync</kbd>' flag to modify the behaviour of pixel colors according
+to the alpha channel (if present). That is to say it will modify the image
+processing with the understanding that fully-transparent colors should not
+contribute to the final result. </p>
+
+Basically, by default, operators work with color channels in syncronous, and
+treats transparency as special, unless the <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
+setting is modified so as to remove the effect of the '<kbd>Sync</kbd>' flag.
+How each operator does this depends on that operators current implementation.
+Not all operators understands this flag at this time, but that is changing.
</p>
-Some operators also allow the use of a special channel flag
-'<code>sync</code>'. If present operators that understand this flag will
-apply the exact same image modification to all the image channels in the image
-so as to ensure that colors are kept 'in-sync'. Without this flag such
-operators will apply there function to each channel separately. See <a
-href="#auto-level">-auto-level</a> and <a href="#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a>
-for examples of such an operator. </p>
+<p>To print a complete list of channel types, use <a href="#list">-list
+channel</a>.</p>
+<br>
<p>By default, ImageMagick sets <a href="#channel">-channel</a> to the value
-'<kbd>RGB,sync</kbd>', which specifies that operators act on all channels
-except the opacity channel, and that all the color channels are to be modified
-in exactly the same way. The 'plus' form <a href="#channel" >+channel</a>
-will reset the value back to this default. </p>
+'<kbd>RGBK,sync</kbd>', which specifies that operators act on all color
+channels except the transparency channel, and that all the color channels are
+to be modified in exactly the same way, with a understanding of transprancy
+(depending on the operation being applied). The 'plus' form <a
+href="#channel" >+channel</a> will reset the value back to this default. </p>
<p>Options that are affected by the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting
include the following.
<a href="#clamp">-clamp</a>,
<a href="#clut">-clut</a>,
<a href="#combine">-combine</a>,
+<a href="#composite">-composite</a> (Mathematical compose methods only),
+<a href="#convolve">-convolve</a>,
<a href="#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a>,
<a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a>,
<a href="#function">-function</a>,
<a href="#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a>,
<a href="#hald-clut">-hald-clut</a>,
<a href="#motion-blur">-motion-blur</a>,
+<a href="#morphology">-morphology</a>,
<a href="#negate">-negate</a>,
<a href="#normalize">-normalize</a>,
<a href="#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a>,
<a href="#radial-blur">-radial-blur</a>,
<a href="#random-threshold">-random-threshold</a>,
-<a href="#separate">-separate</a>, and
+<a href="#separate">-separate</a>,
<a href="#threshold">-threshold</a>, and
<a href="#white-threshold">-white-threshold</a>.
</p>
<p>Warning, some operators behave differentally when the <a href="#channel"
>+channel</a> default setting is in effect, verses ANY user defined <a
href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting (including the equivelent of the
-default). For example <a href="#threshold">-threshold</a> will by default
-gray-scale the image before thresholding, if no <a href="#channel"
->-channel</a> setting has been defined. </p>
+default). These operators have yet to be made to understand the newer 'Sync'
+flag. </p>
+
+<p>For example <a href="#threshold">-threshold</a> will by default gray-scale
+the image before thresholding, if no <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting
+has been defined. This is not 'Sync flag controlled, yet. </p>
<p>Also some operators such as <a href="#blur">-blur</a>, <a
href="#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a>, will modify their handling of the
href="#channel" >-channel</a>. Generally this done to ensure that
fully-transparent colors are treated as being fully-transparent, and thus any
underlying 'hidden' color has no effect on the final results. Typically
-resulting in 'halo' effects. </p>
+resulting in 'halo' effects. The newer <a href="#morphology">-morphology</a>
+convolution equivelents however does have a understanding of the 'Sync' flag
+and will thus handle transparency correctly by default. </p>
-<p>As a alpha channel is optional within images some operators will read the
+<p>As a alpha channel is optional within images, some operators will read the
color channels of an image as a greyscale alpha mask, when the image has no
-alpha channel present,
but the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting tells
-the operator to apply the alpha channel. The <a href="#clut">-clut</a>
-operator is a good example of this. </p>
+alpha channel present,
and the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting tells
+the operator to apply the operation using alpha channels. The <a
+href="#clut">-clut</a> operator is a good example of this. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<p>The actual number of colors in the image may be less than your request, but never more. Note that this a color reduction option. Images with fewer unique colors than specified by <em class="arg">value</em> will have any duplicate or unused colors removed. The ordering of an existing color palette may be altered. When converting an image from color to grayscale, it is more efficient to convert the image to the gray colorspace before reducing the number of colors. Refer to the <a href="../www/quantize.html">color reduction algorithm</a> for more details.</p>
+<div style="margin: auto;">
+ <h4><a name="color-matrix" id="color-matrix"></a>-color-matrix <em class="arg">matrix</em></h4>
+</div>
+
+<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply color correction to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+
+<p>This option permits saturation changes, hue rotation, luminance to alpha, and various other effects. Although variable-sized transformation matrices can be used, typically one uses a 5x5 matrix for an RGBA image and a 6x6 for CMYKA (or RGBA with offsets). The matrix is similar to those used by Adobe Flash except offsets are in column 6 rather than 5 (in support of CMYKA images) and offsets are normalized (divide Flash offset by 255).</p>
+
+<p>As an example, to add contrast to an image with offsets, try this command:</p>
+
+<pre class="text">
+convert kittens.jpg -color-matrix \
+ " 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
+ 0.0 1.5 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
+ 0.0 0.0 1.5 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
+ 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 \
+ 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 \
+ 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, 1.0" kittens.png
+</pre>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<h4><a name="colorspace" id="colorspace"></a>-colorspace <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
</div>
<p>This option can be thought of as the inverse to <a href="#separate">-separate</a>, so long as the channel settings are the same. Thus, in the following example, the final image should be a copy of the original.
</p>
-<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert original.png -channel RGB -separate sepimage.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert sepimage-0.png sepimage-1.png sepimage-2.png -channel RGB -combine imagecopy.png</span></p>
+<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert original.png -channel RGB -separate sepimage.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert sepimage-0.png sepimage-1.png sepimage-2.png -channel RGB \ <br/> -combine imagecopy.png</span></p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<h4><a name="comment" id="comment"></a>-comment <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
</div>
<p>The following mathemathical composition methods are also available. </p>
-<p>Typically these use the default 'Over' alpha blending when transparencies
-are also involved, except for 'Plus', 'Minus', 'Add', and 'Subtract', which
-also composes the alpha channel using the same process as the color channels.
-This allows them to be used for special image masking techniques. </p>
-
<table class="doc">
<tbody>
<tr valign="top">
<tr valign="top">
<td valign="top">multiply</td>
- <td valign="top">The source is multiplied by the destination and replaces the destination. The resultant color is always at least as dark as either of the two constituent colors. Multiplying any color with black produces black. Multiplying any color with white leaves the original color unchanged.</td>
+ <td valign="top">The source is multiplied by the destination and replaces
+ the destination. The resultant color is always at least as dark as
+ either of the two constituent colors. Multiplying any color with black
+ produces black. Multiplying any color with white leaves the original
+ color unchanged.</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td valign="top">screen</td>
- <td valign="top">The source and destination are complemented and then multiplied and then replace the destination. The resultant color is always at least as light as either of the two constituent colors. Screening any color with white produces white. Screening any color with black leaves the original color unchanged.</td>
+ <td valign="top">The source and destination are complemented and then
+ multiplied and then replace the destination. The resultant color is
+ always at least as light as either of the two constituent colors.
+ Screening any color with white produces white. Screening any color
+ with black leaves the original color unchanged.</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
lighter, otherwise it is left unchanged. </td>
</tr>
+ </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<p>Typically these use the default 'Over' alpha blending when transparencies
+are also involved, except for 'Plus' which uses a 'plus' alpha blending.
+This means the alpha channel is used to not only specify that all
+non-transparent parts of the input image is visible, but also applied color
+channel 'weighting' of the values. This also applied to the lighting
+composition methods below. </p>
+
+<p>As of IM v6.6.1-6, if the special '<kbd>Sync</kbd>' flag is not specified
+(enabled by default) with the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting, then
+the above mathematical compositions will nolonger syncronise its actiosn with
+the alpha channel. Instead the math composition will be applied on an
+individual channel basis as defined by the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a>.
+this includes the alpha channel. </p>
+
+<p>This special usage allows you to perform mathematics between images. </p>
+
+
+<p>The following lighting composition methods are also available. </p>
+
+<table class="doc">
+ <tbody>
+ <tr valign="top">
+ <th align="left" style="width: 8%">Method</th>
+ <th align="left">Description</th>
+ </tr>
+
<tr valign="top">
<td valign="top">linear-dodge</td>
<td valign="top">This is equivelent to 'Plus' in that the color channels
</table>
+
<p>Also included are these special purpose compose methods:</p>
<table class="doc">
<br>Can be used to generate a custom composition method that would
otherwise need to be implemented using the slow <a href="#fx">-fx</a>
DIY image operator. Added to ImageMagick version 6.5.4-3.
+ <br>As of IM v6.6.1-6 this method will do per-channel math compositions
+ if the 'Sync' flag is removed from <a href="#channel" >-channel</a>,
+ just like all the other mathematical compostion methods above.
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
-<p>To print a complete list of all the available compose operators, use <a href="#list">-list compose</a>.</p>
+<p>To print a complete list of all the available compose operators, use <a
+href="#list">-list compose</a>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Convolve an image with a user-supplied convolution kernel.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>The <em class="arg">kernel</em> is a square matrix specified as
+<p>The <em class="arg">kernel</em> is a matrix specified as
a comma-separated list of integers (with no spaces), ordered left-to right,
starting with the top row. Presently, only odd-dimensioned kernels are
supported, and therefore the number of entries in the specified <em
<p>The following definitions may be created:</p>
<ul>
-<dt>jpeg:size=geometry</dt>
+<dt>dcm:display-range=reset</dt>
+ <dd>Set the display range to the minimum and maximum pixel values for the DCM image format.</dd><br />
+<dt>dot:layout-engine=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
+ <dd>Set the specify the layout engine for the DOT image format (e.g. <kbd>neato</kbd>).</dd><br />
+<dt>jpeg:extent=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
+ <dd>Restrict the maximum JPEG file size, for example <kbd>-define jpeg:extent=400kb</kbd>.</dd><br />
+<dt>jpeg:size=<em class="arg">geometry</em></dt>
<dd>Set the size hint of a JPEG image, for example, -define jpeg:size=128x128. It is most useful for increasing performance and reducing the memory requirements when reducing the size of a large JPEG image.</dd><br />
-<dt>jp2:rate=value</dt>
+<dt>jp2:rate=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
<dd>Specify the compression factor to use while writing JPEG-2000 files. The compression factor is the reciprocal of the compression ratio. The valid range is 0.0 to 1.0, with 1.0 indicating lossless compression. If defined, this value overrides the -quality setting. A quality setting of 75 results in a rate value of 0.06641.</dd><br />
<dt>mng:need-cacheoff</dt>
<dd>turn playback caching off for streaming MNG.</dd><br />
-<dt>png:bit-depth=value</dt>
-<dt>png:color-type=value</dt>
+<dt>png:bit-depth=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
+<dt>png:color-type=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
<dd>desired bit-depth and color-type for PNG output. You can force the PNG encoder to use a different bit-depth and color-type than it would have normally selected, but only if this does not cause any loss of image quality. Any attempt to reduce image quality is treated as an error and no PNG file is written. E.g., if you have a 1-bit black-and-white image, you can use these "defines" to cause it to be written as an 8-bit grayscale, indexed, or even a 64-bit RGBA. But if you have a 16-million color image, you cannot force it to be written as a grayscale or indexed PNG. If you wish to do this, you must use the appropriate <a href="#depth">-depth</a>, <a href="#colors">-colors</a>, or <a href="#type">-type</a> directives to reduce the image quality prior to using the PNG encoder. Note that in indexed PNG files, "bit-depth" refers to the number of bits per index, which can range from 1 to 8. In such files, the color samples always have 8-bit depth.</dd><br />
<dt>ps:imagemask</dt>
- <dd>If the ps:imagemask flag is defined, the PS3 and EPS3 coders will create Postscript files that render bilevel images with the Postscript imagemask operator instead of the image operator.</dd>
+ <dd>If the ps:imagemask flag is defined, the PS3 and EPS3 coders will create Postscript files that render bilevel images with the Postscript imagemask operator instead of the image operator.</dd><br />
+<dt>quantum:format=<em class="arg">type</em></dt>
+ <dd>Set the type to <kbd>floating-point</kbd> to specify a single precision floating-point format for raw files (e.g. GRAY:).</dd>
</ul>
<p>For example, to create a postscript file that will render only the black pixels of a bilevel image, use:</p>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>reduce the speckles within an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+<div style="margin: auto;">
+ <h4><a name="direction" id="direction"></a>-direction <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
+</div>
+
+<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>render text right-to-left or left-to-right.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+
<div style="margin: auto;">
<h4><a name="displace" id="displace"></a>-displace <em class="arg">horizontal-scale</em><br />-displace <em class="arg">horizontal-scale</em>x<em class="arg">vertical-scale</em></h4>
</div>
<tr><td>LeftShift </td> <td>Shift the pixel values left by <em class="arg">value</em> bits (i.e., multiply pixels by 2<sup><em class="arg">value</em></sup>).</td></tr>
<tr><td>Log </td> <td>Apply scaled logarithm to normalized pixels.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Max </td> <td>Clip pixels at lower bound <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
+ <tr><td>Mean </td> <td>Add the <em class="arg">value</em> and divide by 2.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Min </td> <td>Clip pixels at upper bound <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Multiply </td> <td>Multiply pixels by <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Or </td> <td>Binary OR of pixels with <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
See also the <a href="#function" >-function</a> operator, which is a
multi-value version of evaluate. </P>
+<div style="margin: auto;">
+ <h4><a name="evaluate-sequence" id="evaluate-sequence"></a>-evaluate-sequence <em class="arg">operator</em></h4>
+</div>
+
+<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression over a sequence of images.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<h4><a name="extent" id="extent"></a>-extent <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the image size and offset.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>If the image is enlarged, unfilled areas are set to the background color. To position the image, use offsets in the <em class="arg">geometry</em> specification or precede with a <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting.</p>
+<p>If the image is enlarged, unfilled areas are set to the background color. To position the image, use offsets in the <em class="arg">geometry</em> specification or precede with a <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. To specify how to compose the image with the background, use <a href="#compose" >-compose</a>.</p>
<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
<p>This option is most useful for extracting a subregion of a very large raw image. Note that these two commands are equivalent:</p>
-<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480+1280+960
image.rgb image.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 'image.rgb[640x480+1280+960]' image.rgb image.png</span></p><p>If you omit the offsets, as in</p>
+<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480+1280+960
\ <br/> image.rgb image.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 'image.rgb[640x480+1280+960]' \ <br/> image.rgb image.png</span></p><p>If you omit the offsets, as in</p>
-<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480 image.rgb image.png</span></p>
+<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480 \ <br/> image.rgb image.png</span></p>
<p>then the image will be <em>resized</em> to the specified dimensions instead,
equivalent to:</p>
<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#stretch">-stretch</a>, <a href="#style">-style</a>, and <a href="#weight">-weight</a>.
</p>
+<div style="margin: auto;">
+ <h4><a name="features" id="features"></a>-features <em class="arg">distance</em></h4>
+</div>
+
+<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>display features for each channel in the image in each of four directions (horizontal, vertical, left and right diagonals) for the specified distance.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+
<div style="margin: auto;">
<h4><a name="fft" id="fft"></a>-fft</h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>implements the forward discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3
and transforms an image from the normal (spatial) domain to the frequency domain. In the frequency domain, an image is represented as a superposition of complex sinusoidal waves of varying amplitudes. The image x and y coordinates are the possible frequencies along the x and y directions, respectively, and the pixel intensity values are complex numbers that correspond to the sinusoidal wave amplitudes. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform" target="_blank">Fourier Transform</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT" target="_blank">Discrete Fourier Transform</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT" target="_blank">Fast Fourier Transform</a>.</p>
+<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3
(and now working for Windows users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms an image from the normal (spatial) domain to the frequency domain. In the frequency domain, an image is represented as a superposition of complex sinusoidal waves of varying amplitudes. The image x and y coordinates are the possible frequencies along the x and y directions, respectively, and the pixel intensity values are complex numbers that correspond to the sinusoidal wave amplitudes. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform" target="_blank">Fourier Transform</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT" target="_blank">Discrete Fourier Transform</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT" target="_blank">Fast Fourier Transform</a>.</p>
<p>A single image name is provided as output for this option. However, the output result will have two components. It will be either a two-frame image or two separate images, depending upon whether the image format specified supports multi-frame images. The reason that we get a dual output result is because the frequency domain represents an image using complex numbers, which cannot be visualized directly. Therefore, the complex values are automagically separated into a two-component image representation. The first component is the magnitude of the complex number and the second is the phase of the complex number. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_numbers" target="_blank">Complex Numbers</a>.<p>
<p>If a <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting occurs before another option or setting having a <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument that specifies an offset, the offset is usually applied to the point within the image suggested by the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> argument. Thus, in the following command, for example, suppose the file <kbd>image.png</kbd> has dimensions 200x100. The offset specified by the argument to <a href="#region">-region</a> is (−40,+20). The argument to <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> is <kbd>Center</kbd>, which suggests the midpoint of the image, at the point (100,50). The offset (−40,20) is applied to that point, giving (100−40,50+20)=(60,70), so the specified 10x10 region is located at that point. (In addition, the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> affects the region itself, which is <em>centered</em> at the pixel coordinate (60,70). (See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.)</p>
-<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -gravity Center -region 10x10-40+20 -negate output.png</span></p>
+<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -gravity Center -region 10x10-40+20 \ <br/> -negate output.png</span></p>
<p>When used as an option to <a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>, <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that the image gravitates within the composite.</p>
<p>When used as an option to <a href="../www/montage.html">montage</a>, <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that an image gravitates within a tile. The default gravity is <kbd>Center</kbd> for this purpose.</p>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>implements the inverse discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3
and transforms a pair of magnitude and phase images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal or spatial domain. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform" target="_blank">Fourier Transform</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT" target="_blank">Discrete Fourier Transform</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT" target="_blank">Fast Fourier Transform</a>.</p>
+<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3
(and now working for Windows users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms a pair of magnitude and phase images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal or spatial domain. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform" target="_blank">Fourier Transform</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT" target="_blank">Discrete Fourier Transform</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT" target="_blank">Fast Fourier Transform</a>.</p>
<p>For example, depending upon the image format used to store the result of the <a href="#fft">-fft</a>, one would use either</p>
</tr>
- <tr><td></td><td>The <a href="#geometry" >-geometry</a> offset is adjusted according to
- <a href="#gravity" >-gravity</a> in accordance of the virtual canvas
- size of the first image in each list. Unlike a normal <a
+ <tr><td></td>
+ <td>The <a href="#geometry" >-geometry</a> offset is adjusted according
+ to <a href="#gravity" >-gravity</a> in accordance of the virtual
+ canvas size of the first image in each list. Unlike a normal <a
href="#composite" >-composite</a> operation, the canvas offset is also
- added to the final composite positioning of each image. </td>
- </tr>
+ added to the final composite positioning of each image. </td> </tr>
- <tr><td></td><td>If one of the image lists only contains one image, that image is
+ <tr><td></td>
+ <td>If one of the image lists only contains one image, that image is
applied to all the images in the other image list, regardless of which
list it is. In this case it is the image meta-data of the list which
preserved. </td>
image will have a zero virtual canvas offset. </td>
</tr>
- <tr><td></td><td>This usally used as one of the final 'image layering' operations
+ <tr><td></td>
+ <td>This usally used as one of the final 'image layering' operations
overlaying all the prepared image layers into a final image. </td>
</tr>
- <tr><td></td><td>For a single image this method can also be used to fillout a virtual
+ <tr><td></td>
+ <td>For a single image this method can also be used to fillout a virtual
canvas with real pixels, or to underlay a opaque color to remove
transparency from an image.</td>
</tr>
<p>Choose from: <kbd>area</kbd>, <kbd>disk</kbd>, <kbd>file</kbd>, <kbd>map</kbd>, <kbd>memory</kbd>, <kbd>threads</kbd>, or <kbd>time</kbd>.</p>
-<p>The value for <kbd>file</kbd> is in number of files. The other limits are in bytes. By default the limits are 768 files, 2gb of image area, 1.5gb memory, 8gb memory map, and 16tb of disk. These limits are adjusted relative to the available resources on your computer if this information is available. When any limit is reached, ImageMagick fails in some fashion but attempts to take compensating actions, if possible. For example, the following limits memory:</p>
+<p>The value for <kbd>file</kbd> is in number of files. The other limits are in bytes. By default the limits are 768 files, 2GB of image area, 1.5GiB memory, 8GiB memory map, and 18.45EB of disk. These limits are adjusted relative to the available resources on your computer if this information is available. When any limit is reached, ImageMagick fails in some fashion but attempts to take compensating actions, if possible. For example, the following limits memory:</p>
<p class="crtsnip">
-limit memory 32MiB -limit map 64MiB
<p>Use <a href="#list">-list resource</a> to list the current limits. For example, our system shows these limits:</p>
-<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>identify -list resource</span><span class='crtout'><pre>File Area Memory Map Disk Thread Time
------------------------------------------------------------------------
- 768 3.8187GiB 2.864GiB 7.6375GiB 16EiB 2 unlimited</pre>
+<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>identify -list resource</span><span class='crtout'><pre>File Area Memory Map Disk Thread Time
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ 768 12.404GB 8.6642GiB 23.104GiB 18.446744EB 8 unlimited</pre>
</span></p>
<p>Requests for pixel storage to keep intermediate images are satisfied by one of three resource categories: in-memory pool, memory-mapped files pool, and disk pool (in that order) depending on the <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#limit">‑limit</a> settings and whether the system honors a resource request. If the total size of allocated pixel storage in the given pool reaches the corresponding limit, the request is passed to the next pool. Additionally, requests that exceed the <kbd>area</kbd> limit automagically are allocated on disk.</p>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Print a list of supported arguments for various options or settings. Choose from these list types:</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<pre class="text">
- coder
- color
- configure
- delegate
- font
- format
- list
- log
- magic
- module
- resource
- threshold
+ Align
+ Alpha
+ Boolean
+ Channel
+ Class
+ ClipPath
+ Coder
+ Color
+ Colorspace
+ Command
+ Compose
+ Compress
+ Configure
+ DataType
+ Debug
+ Decoration
+ Delegate
+ Direction
+ Dispose
+ Distort
+ Dither
+ Endian
+ Evaluate
+ FillRule
+ Filter
+ Font
+ Format
+ Function
+ Gravity
+ ImageList
+ Intent
+ Interlace
+ Interpolate
+ Kernel
+ Layers
+ LineCap
+ LineJoin
+ List
+ Locale
+ LogEvent
+ Log
+ Magic
+ Method
+ Metric
+ Mime
+ Mode
+ Morphology
+ Module
+ Noise
+ Orientation
+ Policy
+ PolicyDomain
+ PolicyRights
+ Preview
+ Primitive
+ QuantumFormat
+ Resource
+ SparseColor
+ Storage
+ Stretch
+ Style
+ Threshold
+ Type
+ Units
+ Validate
+ VirtualPixel
</pre>
-<p>The above lists are only some of the many lists available. These lists vary depending on your version of ImageMagick. For example use "<kbd>-list list</kbd>" to get a complete listing of all the "<kbd>-list</kbd>" arguments available:</p>
+<p>These lists vary depending on your version of ImageMagick. Use "<kbd>-list
+list</kbd>" to get a complete listing of all the "<kbd>-list</kbd>" arguments
+available:</p>
<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>identify -list list</span></p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify format for debug log.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>This option specifies the format for the log printed when the <a href="#debug">-debug</a> option is active.</p>
+<p>This option specifies the format for the log printed when the <a
+href="#debug">-debug</a> option is active.</p>
-<p>You can display the following components by embedding special format characters:</p>
+<p>You can display the following components by embedding special format
+characters:</p>
<pre class="text">
%d domain
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>add Netscape loop extension to your GIF animation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>Set iterations to zero to repeat the animation an infinite number of times, otherwise the animation repeats itself up to <em class="arg">iterations</em> times.</p>
+<p>Set iterations to zero to repeat the animation an infinite number of times,
+otherwise the animation repeats itself up to <em class="arg">iterations</em>
+times.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<h4><a name="lowlight-color" id="lowlight-color"></a>-lowlight-color <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
blue
</pre>
-<p>The <em class="arg">X server</em> must support the <em class="arg">Standard Colormap</em> you choose, otherwise an error occurs. Use <kbd>list</kbd> as the type and <kbd>display</kbd> searches the list of colormap types in <kbd>top-to-bottom</kbd> order until one is located. See <em class="arg">xstdcmap(1)</em> for one way of creating Standard Colormaps.</p>
+<p>The <em class="arg">X server</em> must support the <em class="arg">Standard
+Colormap</em> you choose, otherwise an error occurs. Use <kbd>list</kbd> as
+the type and <kbd>display</kbd> searches the list of colormap types in
+<kbd>top-to-bottom</kbd> order until one is located. See <em
+class="arg">xstdcmap(1)</em> for one way of creating Standard Colormaps.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
p pad component (always 0)
</pre>
-<p>You can specify as many of these components as needed in any order (e.g. bgr). The components can repeat as well (e.g. rgbr).</p>
+<p>You can specify as many of these components as needed in any order (e.g.
+bgr). The components can repeat as well (e.g. rgbr).</p>
+
<div style="margin: auto;">
<h4><a name="mask" id="mask"></a>-mask
<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
-<p>The default matte color is <kbd>#BDBDBD</kbd>, <span style="background-color: #bdbdbd;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
+<p>The default matte color is <kbd>#BDBDBD</kbd>, <span
+style="background-color: #bdbdbd;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
+
+<div style="margin: auto;">
+ <h4><a name="maximum" id="maximum"></a>-maximum</h4>
+</div>
+
+<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>return the maximum intensity of an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<h4><a name="median" id="median"></a>-median <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
<p>Choose from:</p>
<pre class="text">
- AE absolute number of differnet pixels
- MAE mean absolute error (normalized), average channel error distance
- MEPP mean error per pixel (normalized mean error, normalized peak error)
- MSE mean error squared, average of the channel error squared
- PAE peak absolute (normalize peak absolute)
- PSNR peak signal to noise ratio
- RMSE root mean squared (normalized root mean squared)
+ AE absolute error count, number of different pixels (-fuzz effected)
+ MAE mean absolute error (normalized), average channel error distance
+ MEPP mean error per pixel (normalized mean error, normalized peak error)
+ MSE mean error squared, average of the channel error squared
+ PAE peak absolute (normalize peak absolute)
+ PSNR peak signal to noise ratio
+ RMSE root mean squared (normalized root mean squared)
</pre>
<p>The '<kbd>AE</kbd>' or absolute count of pixels that are different, can be
controled using a <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor to ignore pixels which
only changed by a small amount. The '<kbd>PAE</kbd>' can be used to find the
size of the <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor needed to make all pixels
-'similar'. </p>
+'similar', while '<kbd>MAE</kbd>' can be used to find out the factor needed
+for about half the pixels to be similar. </p>
<p>The '<kbd>MEPP</kbd>' metric returns three different metrics
('<kbd>MAE</kbd>', '<kbd>MAE</kbd>' normalized, and '<kbd>PAE</kbd>'
-normalized) from the single comparision run. </p>
+normalized) from a single comparision run. </p>
-<p>To print a complete list of metrics, use the <a href="#list">-list metrics</a> option.</p>
+<p>To print a complete list of metrics, use the <a href="#list">-list
+metrics</a> option.</p>
+
+
+<div style="margin: auto;">
+ <h4><a name="minimum" id="minimum"></a>-minimum</h4>
+</div>
+
+<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>return the minimum intensity of an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mode of operation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/montage.html">montage</a>]</td></tr></table>
-<p>Choose the <em class="arg">value</em> from these styles: <kbd>Frame, Unframe, or Concatenate</kbd></p>
+<p>Choose the <em class="arg">value</em> from these styles: <kbd>Frame,
+Unframe, or Concatenate</kbd></p>
-<p>Use the <a href="#list" >-list</a> option with a '<kbd>Mode</kbd>'
-argument for a list of <a href="#mode" >-mode</a> arguments available
-in your ImageMagick installation.</p>
+<p>Use the <a href="#list" >-list</a> option with a '<kbd>Mode</kbd>' argument
+for a list of <a href="#mode" >-mode</a> arguments available in your
+ImageMagick installation.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<h4><a name="modulate" id="modulate"></a>-modulate <em class="arg">brightness</em>[,<em class="arg">saturation</em>,<em class="arg">hue</em>]</h4>
</div>
-<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Vary the <em class="arg">brightness</em>, <em class="arg">saturation</em>, and <em class="arg">hue</em> of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Vary the <em class="arg">brightness</em>, <em
+class="arg">saturation</em>, and <em class="arg">hue</em> of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>The arguments are given as a percentages of variation. A value of 100 means no change, and any
-missing values are taken to mean 100.</p>
+<p>The arguments are given as a percentages of variation. A value of 100 means
+no change, and any missing values are taken to mean 100.</p>
-<p>The <em class="arg">brightness</em> is a multiplier of the overall brightness of the image, so 0
-means pure black, 50 is half as bright, 200 is twice as bright. To invert its
-meaning <a href="#negate">-negate</a> the image before and after. </p>
+<p>The <em class="arg">brightness</em> is a multiplier of the overall
+brightness of the image, so 0 means pure black, 50 is half as bright, 200 is
+twice as bright. To invert its meaning <a href="#negate">-negate</a> the image
+before and after. </p>
-<p>The <em class="arg">saturation</em> controls the amount of color in an image. For example, 0 produce a grayscale image, while a large value such as 200 produce a very colorful, 'cartoonish' color.</p>
+<p>The <em class="arg">saturation</em> controls the amount of color in an
+image. For example, 0 produce a grayscale image, while a large value such as
+200 produce a very colorful, 'cartoonish' color.</p>
-<p>The <em class="arg">hue</em> argument causes a "rotation" of the colors within the image by the amount specified. For example, 50 results in a counter-clockwise rotation of 90, mapping red
-shades to purple, and so on. A value of either 0 or 200 results in a complete
-180 degree rotation of the image. Using a value of 300 is a 360 degree
-rotation resulting in no change to the original image. </p>
+<p>The <em class="arg">hue</em> argument causes a "rotation" of the colors
+within the image by the amount specified. For example, 50 results in
+a counter-clockwise rotation of 90, mapping red shades to purple, and so on.
+A value of either 0 or 200 results in a complete 180 degree rotation of the
+image. Using a value of 300 is a 360 degree rotation resulting in no change to
+the original image. </p>
-<p>For example, to increase the color brightness by 20% and decrease the color saturation by 10% and leave the hue unchanged, use <a href="#modulate">-modulate 120,90</a>.</p>
+<p>For example, to increase the color brightness by 20% and decrease the color
+saturation by 10% and leave the hue unchanged, use <a
+href="#modulate">-modulate 120,90</a>.</p>
-<p>Use <a href="#set">-set</a> attribute of '<kbd class="arg">option:modulate:colorspace</kbd>' to specify which colorspace to modulate. Choose from <kbd>HSB</kbd>, <kbd>HSL</kbd> (the default), or <kbd>HWB</kbd>. For example,</p>
+<p>Use <a href="#set">-set</a> attribute of '<kbd
+class="arg">option:modulate:colorspace</kbd>' to specify which colorspace to
+modulate. Choose from <kbd>HSB</kbd>, <kbd>HSL</kbd> (the default), or
+<kbd>HWB</kbd>. For example,</p>
<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -set option:modulate:colorspace hsb -modulate 120,90 modulate.png</span></p>
+
<div style="margin: auto;">
<h4><a name="monitor" id="monitor"></a>-monitor</h4>
</div>
argument determine how many images to interpolate between each image. </p>
+<div style="margin: auto;">
+ <h4><a name="morphology" id="morphology"></a>-morphology</h4>
+ <h4><a name="morphology" id="morphology"></a>-morphology <em class="arg">method</em> <em class="arg">kernel</em></h4>
+</div>
+
+<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a morphology method to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+
+Until I get around to writing a option summary for this, see <A
+HREF="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/morphology/" >IM Usage Examples,
+Morphology</A>. </P>
+
+
<div style="margin: auto;">
<h4><a name="mosaic" id="mosaic"></a>-mosaic</h4>
</div>
<h4><a name="negate" id="negate"></a>-negate</h4>
</div>
-<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>replace every pixel with its complementary color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>replace each pixel with its complementary color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
<p>The red, green, and blue intensities of an image are negated. White becomes black, yellow becomes blue, etc. Use <a href="#negate">+negate</a> to only negate the grayscale pixels of the image.</p>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>change this color to the fill color within the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<p>The <em class="arg" >color</em> argument is defined using the format
+<p>The <em class="arg">color</em> argument is defined using the format
described under the <a href="#fill" >-fill</a> option. The <a href="#fuzz"
>-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
given.</p>
-<p>The <a href="#transparent" >-transparent</a> operator is exactly the same
-as <a href="#opaque" >-opaque</a> but makes the matching color transparent,
-rather than the same as the current <a href="#fill">-fill</a> color. </p>
-
-<p>Use <em class="arg" >+opaque</em> to paint any pixel that does not match
-the target color.</p>
+<p>Use <a href="#opaque">+opaque</a> to paint any pixel that does not match
+the target color. </p>
+<p>The <a href="#transparent">-transparent</a> operator is exactly the same
+as <a href="#opaque" >-opaque</a> but replaces the matching color with
+transparency rather than the current <a href="#fill">-fill</a> color setting.
+To ensure that it can do this it also ensures that the image has an alpha
+channel enabled, as per "<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> set</kbd>", for
+the new transparent colors, and does not require you to modify the <a
+href="#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>reduce the image to a limited number of color levels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+<div style="margin: auto;">
+ <h4><a name="precision" id="precision"></a>-precision <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
+</div>
+
+<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the maximum number of significant digits to be printed.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
+
<div style="margin: auto;">
<h4><a name="preview" id="preview"></a>-preview <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
</div>
<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a random threshold to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-<div style="margin: auto;">
- <h4><a name="recolor" id="recolor"></a>-recolor <em class="arg">matrix</em></h4>
-</div>
-
-<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Translate, scale, shear, or rotate image colors.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
-
-<p>Although variable-sized matrices can be used, typically one uses a 5x5 matrix for an RGBA image and a 6x6 for CMYKA. Populate the last row with normalized values to translate.
-</p>
-
<div style="margin: auto;">
<h4><a name="red-primary" id="red-primary"></a>-red-primary <em class="arg">x,y</em></h4>
</div>
<p>If the <a href="#filter">-filter</a> option precedes the <a href="#resize">-resize</a> option, the image is resized with the specified filter.</p>
+<p>Many image processing algorithms assume your image is in a linear-light coding. If your image is gamma-corrected, you can remove the nonlinear gamma correction, apply the transform, then restore it like this:</p>
+
+<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert portrait.jpg -gamma .45455 -resize 25% -gamma 2.2 \ <br/> -quality 92 passport.jpg</span></p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<h4><a name="respect-parentheses" id="respect-parentheses"></a>-respect-parentheses</h4>
</div>
<p>Attributes of interest include <a href="#comment">-comment</a>, <a href="#delay">-delay</a>, <a href="#dispose">-dispose</a>, and <a href="#page">-page</a>. For example:</p>
-<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set comment 'Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose' rose.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>identify -format %c rose.png</span><span class='crtout'>Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose</span></p>
+<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set comment 'Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose' \ <br/> rose.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>identify -format %c rose.png</span><span class='crtout'>Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose</span></p>
<p>The <a href="#repage">-repage</a> operator will also set the
'<kbd>page</kbd>' attribute of images already in memory, but allows you to
separately set the virtual canvas's size and offset components, and also allows
<a href="#set">-set</a> option is purely a direct, unmodified assignment of the
virtual canvas (page) meta-data. </p>
+<p>Use this option to associate a colorspace or profile with your image. For example,</p>
+<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.psd -set profile ISOcoated_v2_eci.icc image-icc.psd</span></p>
<p>Set image options by prefixing the value with <kbd>option:</kbd>. Set attributes of the image registry by prefixing the value with <kbd>registry:</kbd>.</p>
<div style="margin: auto;">
<p>This option applies the transformation matrix from a previous <a href="#affine">-affine</a> option.</p>
<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -affine 2,2,-2,2,0,0 -transform bird.ppm bird.jpg</span></p>
+
+<p>This operator has been now been superseded by the <a
+href="#distort">-distort</a> '<kbd>AffineProjection</kbd>' method. </p>
+
+
<div style="margin: auto;">
<h4><a name="transparent" id="transparent"></a>-transparent <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
</div>
>-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
given. </p>
-<p>The <a href="#opaque">-opaque</a> operator is exactly the same as <a
-href="#transparent" >-transparent</a> but replaces the matching color same as
-the current <a href="#fill">-fill</a> color setting. </p>
+<p>Use <a href="#transparent" >+transparent</a> to invert the pixels matched.
+that is make all non-matching colors transparent. </p>
-<p>This does not define the 'transparency color' used for color-mapped image
-formats, such as GIF. For that use <a href="#transparent-color"
->-transparent-color</a> </p>
+<p>The <a href="#opaque">-opaque</a> operator is exactly the same as <a
+href="#transparent" >-transparent</a> but replaces the matching color with the
+current <a href="#fill">-fill</a> color setting, rather than transparent.
+However the <a href="#transparent" >-transparent</a> operator also ensures
+that the image has an alpha channel enabled, as per "<kbd><a href="#alpha"
+>-alpha</a> set</kbd>", and does not require you to modify the <a
+href="#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
-<p>Use <a href="#opaque">+opaque</a> to invered the pixels matched, that is
-paint any pixel that does not match the target color, with the fill color.</p>
+<p>Note that this does not define the color as being the 'transparency color'
+used for color-mapped image formats, such as GIF. For that use <a
+href="#transparent-color" >-transparent-color</a> </p>
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