]> granicus.if.org Git - imagemagick/blobdiff - magick/effect.c
(no commit message)
[imagemagick] / magick / effect.c
index 6bd0f57be35433d083cacf1010b48bca6eb762e3..a028c9e238225344a32945fafb508b6745ab1551 100644 (file)
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 %                                 October 1996                                %
 %                                                                             %
 %                                                                             %
-%  Copyright 1999-2010 ImageMagick Studio LLC, a non-profit organization      %
+%  Copyright 1999-2011 ImageMagick Studio LLC, a non-profit organization      %
 %  dedicated to making software imaging solutions freely available.           %
 %                                                                             %
 %  You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.  You may  %
@@ -156,26 +156,28 @@ MagickExport Image *AdaptiveBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
     *edge_image,
     *gaussian_image;
 
-  long
-    j,
-    k,
-    progress,
-    u,
-    v,
-    y;
-
   MagickBooleanType
     status;
 
+  MagickOffsetType
+    progress;
+
   MagickPixelPacket
     bias;
 
-  register long
+  register ssize_t
     i;
 
-  unsigned long
+  size_t
     width;
 
+  ssize_t
+    j,
+    k,
+    u,
+    v,
+    y;
+
   assert(image != (const Image *) NULL);
   assert(image->signature == MagickSignature);
   if (image->debug != MagickFalse)
@@ -222,21 +224,21 @@ MagickExport Image *AdaptiveBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
       ThrowImageException(ResourceLimitError,"MemoryAllocationFailed");
     }
   (void) ResetMagickMemory(kernel,0,(size_t) width*sizeof(*kernel));
-  for (i=0; i < (long) width; i+=2)
+  for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) width; i+=2)
   {
     kernel[i]=(double *) AcquireQuantumMemory((size_t) (width-i),(width-i)*
       sizeof(**kernel));
     if (kernel[i] == (double *) NULL)
       break;
     normalize=0.0;
-    j=(long) (width-i)/2;
+    j=(ssize_t) (width-i)/2;
     k=0;
     for (v=(-j); v <= j; v++)
     {
       for (u=(-j); u <= j; u++)
       {
-        kernel[i][k]=exp(-((double) u*u+v*v)/(2.0*MagickSigma*MagickSigma))/
-          (2.0*MagickPI*MagickSigma*MagickSigma);
+        kernel[i][k]=(double) (exp(-((double) u*u+v*v)/(2.0*MagickSigma*
+          MagickSigma))/(2.0*MagickPI*MagickSigma*MagickSigma));
         normalize+=kernel[i][k];
         k++;
       }
@@ -247,7 +249,7 @@ MagickExport Image *AdaptiveBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
     for (k=0; k < (j*j); k++)
       kernel[i][k]=normalize*kernel[i][k];
   }
-  if (i < (long) width)
+  if (i < (ssize_t) width)
     {
       for (i-=2; i >= 0; i-=2)
         kernel[i]=(double *) RelinquishMagickMemory(kernel[i]);
@@ -269,7 +271,7 @@ MagickExport Image *AdaptiveBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
 #if defined(MAGICKCORE_OPENMP_SUPPORT)
   #pragma omp parallel for schedule(dynamic,4) shared(progress,status)
 #endif
-  for (y=0; y < (long) blur_image->rows; y++)
+  for (y=0; y < (ssize_t) blur_image->rows; y++)
   {
     register const IndexPacket
       *restrict indexes;
@@ -281,12 +283,12 @@ MagickExport Image *AdaptiveBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
     register IndexPacket
       *restrict blur_indexes;
 
-    register long
-      x;
-
     register PixelPacket
       *restrict q;
 
+    register ssize_t
+      x;
+
     if (status == MagickFalse)
       continue;
     r=GetCacheViewVirtualPixels(edge_view,0,y,edge_image->columns,1,exception);
@@ -298,7 +300,7 @@ MagickExport Image *AdaptiveBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
         continue;
       }
     blur_indexes=GetCacheViewAuthenticIndexQueue(blur_view);
-    for (x=0; x < (long) blur_image->columns; x++)
+    for (x=0; x < (ssize_t) blur_image->columns; x++)
     {
       MagickPixelPacket
         pixel;
@@ -310,30 +312,30 @@ MagickExport Image *AdaptiveBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
       register const double
         *restrict k;
 
-      register long
+      register ssize_t
         i,
         u,
         v;
 
       gamma=0.0;
-      i=(long) (width*QuantumScale*PixelIntensity(r)+0.5);
+      i=(ssize_t) ceil((double) width*QuantumScale*PixelIntensity(r)-0.5);
       if (i < 0)
         i=0;
       else
-        if (i > (long) width)
-          i=(long) width;
+        if (i > (ssize_t) width)
+          i=(ssize_t) width;
       if ((i & 0x01) != 0)
         i--;
-      p=GetCacheViewVirtualPixels(image_view,x-((long) (width-i)/2L),y-(long)
-        ((width-i)/2L),width-i,width-i,exception);
+      p=GetCacheViewVirtualPixels(image_view,x-((ssize_t) (width-i)/2L),y-
+        (ssize_t) ((width-i)/2L),width-i,width-i,exception);
       if (p == (const PixelPacket *) NULL)
         break;
       indexes=GetCacheViewVirtualIndexQueue(image_view);
       pixel=bias;
       k=kernel[i];
-      for (v=0; v < (long) (width-i); v++)
+      for (v=0; v < (ssize_t) (width-i); v++)
       {
-        for (u=0; u < (long) (width-i); u++)
+        for (u=0; u < (ssize_t) (width-i); u++)
         {
           alpha=1.0;
           if (((channel & OpacityChannel) != 0) &&
@@ -349,7 +351,8 @@ MagickExport Image *AdaptiveBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
             pixel.opacity+=(*k)*GetOpacityPixelComponent(p);
           if (((channel & IndexChannel) != 0) &&
               (image->colorspace == CMYKColorspace))
-            pixel.index+=(*k)*alpha*indexes[x+(width-i)*v+u];
+            pixel.index+=(*k)*alpha*GetIndexPixelComponent(indexes+x+(width-i)*
+              v+u);
           gamma+=(*k)*alpha;
           k++;
           p++;
@@ -357,16 +360,17 @@ MagickExport Image *AdaptiveBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
       }
       gamma=1.0/(fabs((double) gamma) <= MagickEpsilon ? 1.0 : gamma);
       if ((channel & RedChannel) != 0)
-        q->red=ClampToQuantum(gamma*GetRedPixelComponent(&pixel));
+        SetRedPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*pixel.red));
       if ((channel & GreenChannel) != 0)
-        q->green=ClampToQuantum(gamma*GetGreenPixelComponent(&pixel));
+        SetGreenPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*pixel.green));
       if ((channel & BlueChannel) != 0)
-        q->blue=ClampToQuantum(gamma*GetBluePixelComponent(&pixel));
+        SetBluePixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*pixel.blue));
       if ((channel & OpacityChannel) != 0)
-        SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampOpacityPixelComponent(&pixel));
+        SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.opacity));
       if (((channel & IndexChannel) != 0) &&
           (image->colorspace == CMYKColorspace))
-        blur_indexes[x]=ClampToQuantum(gamma*GetIndexPixelComponent(&pixel));
+        SetIndexPixelComponent(blur_indexes+x,ClampToQuantum(gamma*
+          pixel.index));
       q++;
       r++;
     }
@@ -391,7 +395,7 @@ MagickExport Image *AdaptiveBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
   edge_view=DestroyCacheView(edge_view);
   image_view=DestroyCacheView(image_view);
   edge_image=DestroyImage(edge_image);
-  for (i=0; i < (long) width;  i+=2)
+  for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) width;  i+=2)
     kernel[i]=(double *) RelinquishMagickMemory(kernel[i]);
   kernel=(double **) RelinquishMagickMemory(kernel);
   if (status == MagickFalse)
@@ -471,26 +475,28 @@ MagickExport Image *AdaptiveSharpenImageChannel(const Image *image,
     *edge_image,
     *gaussian_image;
 
-  long
-    j,
-    k,
-    progress,
-    u,
-    v,
-    y;
-
   MagickBooleanType
     status;
 
+  MagickOffsetType
+    progress;
+
   MagickPixelPacket
     bias;
 
-  register long
+  register ssize_t
     i;
 
-  unsigned long
+  size_t
     width;
 
+  ssize_t
+    j,
+    k,
+    u,
+    v,
+    y;
+
   assert(image != (const Image *) NULL);
   assert(image->signature == MagickSignature);
   if (image->debug != MagickFalse)
@@ -537,21 +543,21 @@ MagickExport Image *AdaptiveSharpenImageChannel(const Image *image,
       ThrowImageException(ResourceLimitError,"MemoryAllocationFailed");
     }
   (void) ResetMagickMemory(kernel,0,(size_t) width*sizeof(*kernel));
-  for (i=0; i < (long) width; i+=2)
+  for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) width; i+=2)
   {
     kernel[i]=(double *) AcquireQuantumMemory((size_t) (width-i),(width-i)*
       sizeof(**kernel));
     if (kernel[i] == (double *) NULL)
       break;
     normalize=0.0;
-    j=(long) (width-i)/2;
+    j=(ssize_t) (width-i)/2;
     k=0;
     for (v=(-j); v <= j; v++)
     {
       for (u=(-j); u <= j; u++)
       {
-        kernel[i][k]=(-exp(-((double) u*u+v*v)/(2.0*MagickSigma*MagickSigma))/
-          (2.0*MagickPI*MagickSigma*MagickSigma));
+        kernel[i][k]=(double) (-exp(-((double) u*u+v*v)/(2.0*MagickSigma*
+          MagickSigma))/(2.0*MagickPI*MagickSigma*MagickSigma));
         normalize+=kernel[i][k];
         k++;
       }
@@ -562,7 +568,7 @@ MagickExport Image *AdaptiveSharpenImageChannel(const Image *image,
     for (k=0; k < (j*j); k++)
       kernel[i][k]=normalize*kernel[i][k];
   }
-  if (i < (long) width)
+  if (i < (ssize_t) width)
     {
       for (i-=2; i >= 0; i-=2)
         kernel[i]=(double *) RelinquishMagickMemory(kernel[i]);
@@ -584,7 +590,7 @@ MagickExport Image *AdaptiveSharpenImageChannel(const Image *image,
 #if defined(MAGICKCORE_OPENMP_SUPPORT)
   #pragma omp parallel for schedule(dynamic,4) shared(progress,status)
 #endif
-  for (y=0; y < (long) sharp_image->rows; y++)
+  for (y=0; y < (ssize_t) sharp_image->rows; y++)
   {
     register const IndexPacket
       *restrict indexes;
@@ -596,12 +602,12 @@ MagickExport Image *AdaptiveSharpenImageChannel(const Image *image,
     register IndexPacket
       *restrict sharp_indexes;
 
-    register long
-      x;
-
     register PixelPacket
       *restrict q;
 
+    register ssize_t
+      x;
+
     if (status == MagickFalse)
       continue;
     r=GetCacheViewVirtualPixels(edge_view,0,y,edge_image->columns,1,exception);
@@ -613,7 +619,7 @@ MagickExport Image *AdaptiveSharpenImageChannel(const Image *image,
         continue;
       }
     sharp_indexes=GetCacheViewAuthenticIndexQueue(sharp_view);
-    for (x=0; x < (long) sharp_image->columns; x++)
+    for (x=0; x < (ssize_t) sharp_image->columns; x++)
     {
       MagickPixelPacket
         pixel;
@@ -625,30 +631,31 @@ MagickExport Image *AdaptiveSharpenImageChannel(const Image *image,
       register const double
         *restrict k;
 
-      register long
+      register ssize_t
         i,
         u,
         v;
 
       gamma=0.0;
-      i=(long) (width*(QuantumRange-QuantumScale*PixelIntensity(r))+0.5);
+      i=(ssize_t) ceil((double) width*(QuantumRange-QuantumScale*
+        PixelIntensity(r))-0.5);
       if (i < 0)
         i=0;
       else
-        if (i > (long) width)
-          i=(long) width;
+        if (i > (ssize_t) width)
+          i=(ssize_t) width;
       if ((i & 0x01) != 0)
         i--;
-      p=GetCacheViewVirtualPixels(image_view,x-((long) (width-i)/2L),y-(long)
-        ((width-i)/2L),width-i,width-i,exception);
+      p=GetCacheViewVirtualPixels(image_view,x-((ssize_t) (width-i)/2L),y-
+        (ssize_t) ((width-i)/2L),width-i,width-i,exception);
       if (p == (const PixelPacket *) NULL)
         break;
       indexes=GetCacheViewVirtualIndexQueue(image_view);
       k=kernel[i];
       pixel=bias;
-      for (v=0; v < (long) (width-i); v++)
+      for (v=0; v < (ssize_t) (width-i); v++)
       {
-        for (u=0; u < (long) (width-i); u++)
+        for (u=0; u < (ssize_t) (width-i); u++)
         {
           alpha=1.0;
           if (((channel & OpacityChannel) != 0) &&
@@ -664,7 +671,8 @@ MagickExport Image *AdaptiveSharpenImageChannel(const Image *image,
             pixel.opacity+=(*k)*GetOpacityPixelComponent(p);
           if (((channel & IndexChannel) != 0) &&
               (image->colorspace == CMYKColorspace))
-            pixel.index+=(*k)*alpha*indexes[x+(width-i)*v+u];
+            pixel.index+=(*k)*alpha*GetIndexPixelComponent(indexes+x+(width-i)*
+              v+u);
           gamma+=(*k)*alpha;
           k++;
           p++;
@@ -672,16 +680,17 @@ MagickExport Image *AdaptiveSharpenImageChannel(const Image *image,
       }
       gamma=1.0/(fabs((double) gamma) <= MagickEpsilon ? 1.0 : gamma);
       if ((channel & RedChannel) != 0)
-        q->red=ClampToQuantum(gamma*GetRedPixelComponent(&pixel));
+        SetRedPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*pixel.red));
       if ((channel & GreenChannel) != 0)
-        q->green=ClampToQuantum(gamma*GetGreenPixelComponent(&pixel));
+        SetGreenPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*pixel.green));
       if ((channel & BlueChannel) != 0)
-        q->blue=ClampToQuantum(gamma*GetBluePixelComponent(&pixel));
+        SetBluePixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*pixel.blue));
       if ((channel & OpacityChannel) != 0)
-        SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampOpacityPixelComponent(&pixel));
+        SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.opacity));
       if (((channel & IndexChannel) != 0) &&
           (image->colorspace == CMYKColorspace))
-        sharp_indexes[x]=ClampToQuantum(gamma*GetIndexPixelComponent(&pixel));
+        SetIndexPixelComponent(sharp_indexes+x,ClampToQuantum(gamma*
+          pixel.index));
       q++;
       r++;
     }
@@ -706,7 +715,7 @@ MagickExport Image *AdaptiveSharpenImageChannel(const Image *image,
   edge_view=DestroyCacheView(edge_view);
   image_view=DestroyCacheView(image_view);
   edge_image=DestroyImage(edge_image);
-  for (i=0; i < (long) width;  i+=2)
+  for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) width;  i+=2)
     kernel[i]=(double *) RelinquishMagickMemory(kernel[i]);
   kernel=(double **) RelinquishMagickMemory(kernel);
   if (status == MagickFalse)
@@ -766,19 +775,19 @@ MagickExport Image *BlurImage(const Image *image,const double radius,
   return(blur_image);
 }
 
-static double *GetBlurKernel(const unsigned long width,const double sigma)
+static double *GetBlurKernel(const size_t width,const double sigma)
 {
   double
     *kernel,
     normalize;
 
-  long
+  register ssize_t
+    i;
+
+  ssize_t
     j,
     k;
 
-  register long
-    i;
-
   /*
     Generate a 1-D convolution kernel.
   */
@@ -787,16 +796,16 @@ static double *GetBlurKernel(const unsigned long width,const double sigma)
   if (kernel == (double *) NULL)
     return(0);
   normalize=0.0;
-  j=(long) width/2;
+  j=(ssize_t) width/2;
   i=0;
   for (k=(-j); k <= j; k++)
   {
-    kernel[i]=exp(-((double) k*k)/(2.0*MagickSigma*MagickSigma))/
-      (MagickSQ2PI*MagickSigma);
+    kernel[i]=(double) (exp(-((double) k*k)/(2.0*MagickSigma*MagickSigma))/
+      (MagickSQ2PI*MagickSigma));
     normalize+=kernel[i];
     i++;
   }
-  for (i=0; i < (long) width; i++)
+  for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) width; i++)
     kernel[i]/=normalize;
   return(kernel);
 }
@@ -817,23 +826,25 @@ MagickExport Image *BlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
   Image
     *blur_image;
 
-  long
-    progress,
-    x,
-    y;
-
   MagickBooleanType
     status;
 
+  MagickOffsetType
+    progress;
+
   MagickPixelPacket
     bias;
 
-  register long
+  register ssize_t
     i;
 
-  unsigned long
+  size_t
     width;
 
+  ssize_t
+    x,
+    y;
+
   /*
     Initialize blur image attributes.
   */
@@ -871,13 +882,13 @@ MagickExport Image *BlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
         *k;
 
       (void) LogMagickEvent(TransformEvent,GetMagickModule(),
-        "  BlurImage with %ld kernel:",width);
+        "  BlurImage with %.20g kernel:",(double) width);
       message=AcquireString("");
       k=kernel;
-      for (i=0; i < (long) width; i++)
+      for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) width; i++)
       {
         *message='\0';
-        (void) FormatMagickString(format,MaxTextExtent,"%ld: ",i);
+        (void) FormatMagickString(format,MaxTextExtent,"%.20g: ",(double) i);
         (void) ConcatenateString(&message,format);
         (void) FormatMagickString(format,MaxTextExtent,"%g ",*k++);
         (void) ConcatenateString(&message,format);
@@ -897,7 +908,7 @@ MagickExport Image *BlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
 #if defined(MAGICKCORE_OPENMP_SUPPORT)
   #pragma omp parallel for schedule(dynamic,4) shared(progress,status)
 #endif
-  for (y=0; y < (long) blur_image->rows; y++)
+  for (y=0; y < (ssize_t) blur_image->rows; y++)
   {
     register const IndexPacket
       *restrict indexes;
@@ -908,16 +919,16 @@ MagickExport Image *BlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
     register IndexPacket
       *restrict blur_indexes;
 
-    register long
-      x;
-
     register PixelPacket
       *restrict q;
 
+    register ssize_t
+      x;
+
     if (status == MagickFalse)
       continue;
-    p=GetCacheViewVirtualPixels(image_view,-((long) width/2L),y,image->columns+
-      width,1,exception);
+    p=GetCacheViewVirtualPixels(image_view,-((ssize_t) width/2L),y,
+      image->columns+width,1,exception);
     q=GetCacheViewAuthenticPixels(blur_view,0,y,blur_image->columns,1,
       exception);
     if ((p == (const PixelPacket *) NULL) || (q == (PixelPacket *) NULL))
@@ -927,7 +938,7 @@ MagickExport Image *BlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
       }
     indexes=GetCacheViewVirtualIndexQueue(image_view);
     blur_indexes=GetCacheViewAuthenticIndexQueue(blur_view);
-    for (x=0; x < (long) blur_image->columns; x++)
+    for (x=0; x < (ssize_t) blur_image->columns; x++)
     {
       MagickPixelPacket
         pixel;
@@ -938,7 +949,7 @@ MagickExport Image *BlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
       register const PixelPacket
         *restrict kernel_pixels;
 
-      register long
+      register ssize_t
         i;
 
       pixel=bias;
@@ -946,31 +957,31 @@ MagickExport Image *BlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
       kernel_pixels=p;
       if (((channel & OpacityChannel) == 0) || (image->matte == MagickFalse))
         {
-          for (i=0; i < (long) width; i++)
+          for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) width; i++)
           {
-            pixel.red+=(*k)*kernel_pixels->red;
-            pixel.green+=(*k)*kernel_pixels->green;
-            pixel.blue+=(*k)*kernel_pixels->blue;
+            pixel.red+=(*k)*GetRedPixelComponent(kernel_pixels);
+            pixel.green+=(*k)*GetGreenPixelComponent(kernel_pixels);
+            pixel.blue+=(*k)*GetBluePixelComponent(kernel_pixels);
             k++;
             kernel_pixels++;
           }
           if ((channel & RedChannel) != 0)
-            SetRedPixelComponent(q,ClampRedPixelComponent(&pixel));
+            SetRedPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.red));
           if ((channel & GreenChannel) != 0)
-            SetGreenPixelComponent(q,ClampGreenPixelComponent(&pixel));
+            SetGreenPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.green));
           if ((channel & BlueChannel) != 0)
-            SetBluePixelComponent(q,ClampBluePixelComponent(&pixel));
+            SetBluePixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.blue));
           if ((channel & OpacityChannel) != 0)
             {
               k=kernel;
               kernel_pixels=p;
-              for (i=0; i < (long) width; i++)
+              for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) width; i++)
               {
-                pixel.opacity+=(*k)*kernel_pixels->opacity;
+                pixel.opacity+=(*k)*GetOpacityPixelComponent(kernel_pixels);
                 k++;
                 kernel_pixels++;
               }
-              SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampOpacityPixelComponent(&pixel));
+              SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.opacity));
             }
           if (((channel & IndexChannel) != 0) &&
               (image->colorspace == CMYKColorspace))
@@ -980,13 +991,14 @@ MagickExport Image *BlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
 
               k=kernel;
               kernel_indexes=indexes;
-              for (i=0; i < (long) width; i++)
+              for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) width; i++)
               {
-                pixel.index+=(*k)*(*kernel_indexes);
+                pixel.index+=(*k)*GetIndexPixelComponent(kernel_indexes);
                 k++;
                 kernel_indexes++;
               }
-              blur_indexes[x]=ClampToQuantum(pixel.index);
+              SetIndexPixelComponent(blur_indexes+x,ClampToQuantum(
+                pixel.index));
             }
         }
       else
@@ -996,35 +1008,35 @@ MagickExport Image *BlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
             gamma;
 
           gamma=0.0;
-          for (i=0; i < (long) width; i++)
+          for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) width; i++)
           {
             alpha=(MagickRealType) (QuantumScale*
               GetAlphaPixelComponent(kernel_pixels));
-            pixel.red+=(*k)*alpha*kernel_pixels->red;
-            pixel.green+=(*k)*alpha*kernel_pixels->green;
-            pixel.blue+=(*k)*alpha*kernel_pixels->blue;
+            pixel.red+=(*k)*alpha*GetRedPixelComponent(kernel_pixels);
+            pixel.green+=(*k)*alpha*GetGreenPixelComponent(kernel_pixels);
+            pixel.blue+=(*k)*alpha*GetBluePixelComponent(kernel_pixels);
             gamma+=(*k)*alpha;
             k++;
             kernel_pixels++;
           }
           gamma=1.0/(fabs((double) gamma) <= MagickEpsilon ? 1.0 : gamma);
           if ((channel & RedChannel) != 0)
-            q->red=ClampToQuantum(gamma*GetRedPixelComponent(&pixel));
+            SetRedPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*pixel.red));
           if ((channel & GreenChannel) != 0)
-            q->green=ClampToQuantum(gamma*GetGreenPixelComponent(&pixel));
+            SetGreenPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*pixel.green));
           if ((channel & BlueChannel) != 0)
-            q->blue=ClampToQuantum(gamma*GetBluePixelComponent(&pixel));
+            SetBluePixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*pixel.blue));
           if ((channel & OpacityChannel) != 0)
             {
               k=kernel;
               kernel_pixels=p;
-              for (i=0; i < (long) width; i++)
+              for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) width; i++)
               {
-                pixel.opacity+=(*k)*kernel_pixels->opacity;
+                pixel.opacity+=(*k)*GetOpacityPixelComponent(kernel_pixels);
                 k++;
                 kernel_pixels++;
               }
-              SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampOpacityPixelComponent(&pixel));
+              SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.opacity));
             }
           if (((channel & IndexChannel) != 0) &&
               (image->colorspace == CMYKColorspace))
@@ -1035,7 +1047,7 @@ MagickExport Image *BlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
               k=kernel;
               kernel_pixels=p;
               kernel_indexes=indexes;
-              for (i=0; i < (long) width; i++)
+              for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) width; i++)
               {
                 alpha=(MagickRealType) (QuantumScale*
                   GetAlphaPixelComponent(kernel_pixels));
@@ -1044,10 +1056,11 @@ MagickExport Image *BlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
                 kernel_pixels++;
                 kernel_indexes++;
               }
-              blur_indexes[x]=ClampToQuantum(gamma*
-                GetIndexPixelComponent(&pixel));
+              SetIndexPixelComponent(blur_indexes+x,ClampToQuantum(gamma*
+                pixel.index));
             }
         }
+      indexes++;
       p++;
       q++;
     }
@@ -1077,7 +1090,7 @@ MagickExport Image *BlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
 #if defined(MAGICKCORE_OPENMP_SUPPORT)
   #pragma omp parallel for schedule(dynamic,4) shared(progress,status)
 #endif
-  for (x=0; x < (long) blur_image->columns; x++)
+  for (x=0; x < (ssize_t) blur_image->columns; x++)
   {
     register const IndexPacket
       *restrict indexes;
@@ -1088,16 +1101,16 @@ MagickExport Image *BlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
     register IndexPacket
       *restrict blur_indexes;
 
-    register long
-      y;
-
     register PixelPacket
       *restrict q;
 
+    register ssize_t
+      y;
+
     if (status == MagickFalse)
       continue;
-    p=GetCacheViewVirtualPixels(image_view,x,-((long) width/2L),1,image->rows+
-      width,exception);
+    p=GetCacheViewVirtualPixels(image_view,x,-((ssize_t) width/2L),1,
+      image->rows+width,exception);
     q=GetCacheViewAuthenticPixels(blur_view,x,0,1,blur_image->rows,exception);
     if ((p == (const PixelPacket *) NULL) || (q == (PixelPacket *) NULL))
       {
@@ -1106,7 +1119,7 @@ MagickExport Image *BlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
       }
     indexes=GetCacheViewVirtualIndexQueue(image_view);
     blur_indexes=GetCacheViewAuthenticIndexQueue(blur_view);
-    for (y=0; y < (long) blur_image->rows; y++)
+    for (y=0; y < (ssize_t) blur_image->rows; y++)
     {
       MagickPixelPacket
         pixel;
@@ -1117,7 +1130,7 @@ MagickExport Image *BlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
       register const PixelPacket
         *restrict kernel_pixels;
 
-      register long
+      register ssize_t
         i;
 
       pixel=bias;
@@ -1125,31 +1138,31 @@ MagickExport Image *BlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
       kernel_pixels=p;
       if (((channel & OpacityChannel) == 0) || (image->matte == MagickFalse))
         {
-          for (i=0; i < (long) width; i++)
+          for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) width; i++)
           {
-            pixel.red+=(*k)*kernel_pixels->red;
-            pixel.green+=(*k)*kernel_pixels->green;
-            pixel.blue+=(*k)*kernel_pixels->blue;
+            pixel.red+=(*k)*GetRedPixelComponent(kernel_pixels);
+            pixel.green+=(*k)*GetGreenPixelComponent(kernel_pixels);
+            pixel.blue+=(*k)*GetBluePixelComponent(kernel_pixels);
             k++;
             kernel_pixels++;
           }
           if ((channel & RedChannel) != 0)
-            SetRedPixelComponent(q,ClampRedPixelComponent(&pixel));
+            SetRedPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.red));
           if ((channel & GreenChannel) != 0)
-            SetGreenPixelComponent(q,ClampGreenPixelComponent(&pixel));
+            SetGreenPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.green));
           if ((channel & BlueChannel) != 0)
-            SetBluePixelComponent(q,ClampBluePixelComponent(&pixel));
+            SetBluePixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.blue));
           if ((channel & OpacityChannel) != 0)
             {
               k=kernel;
               kernel_pixels=p;
-              for (i=0; i < (long) width; i++)
+              for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) width; i++)
               {
-                pixel.opacity+=(*k)*kernel_pixels->opacity;
+                pixel.opacity+=(*k)*GetOpacityPixelComponent(kernel_pixels);
                 k++;
                 kernel_pixels++;
               }
-              SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampOpacityPixelComponent(&pixel));
+              SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.opacity));
             }
           if (((channel & IndexChannel) != 0) &&
               (image->colorspace == CMYKColorspace))
@@ -1159,13 +1172,14 @@ MagickExport Image *BlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
 
               k=kernel;
               kernel_indexes=indexes;
-              for (i=0; i < (long) width; i++)
+              for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) width; i++)
               {
-                pixel.index+=(*k)*(*kernel_indexes);
+                pixel.index+=(*k)*GetIndexPixelComponent(kernel_indexes);
                 k++;
                 kernel_indexes++;
               }
-              blur_indexes[y]=ClampToQuantum(pixel.index);
+              SetIndexPixelComponent(blur_indexes+y,ClampToQuantum(
+                pixel.index));
             }
         }
       else
@@ -1175,35 +1189,35 @@ MagickExport Image *BlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
             gamma;
 
           gamma=0.0;
-          for (i=0; i < (long) width; i++)
+          for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) width; i++)
           {
             alpha=(MagickRealType) (QuantumScale*
               GetAlphaPixelComponent(kernel_pixels));
-            pixel.red+=(*k)*alpha*kernel_pixels->red;
-            pixel.green+=(*k)*alpha*kernel_pixels->green;
-            pixel.blue+=(*k)*alpha*kernel_pixels->blue;
+            pixel.red+=(*k)*alpha*GetRedPixelComponent(kernel_pixels);
+            pixel.green+=(*k)*alpha*GetGreenPixelComponent(kernel_pixels);
+            pixel.blue+=(*k)*alpha*GetBluePixelComponent(kernel_pixels);
             gamma+=(*k)*alpha;
             k++;
             kernel_pixels++;
           }
           gamma=1.0/(fabs((double) gamma) <= MagickEpsilon ? 1.0 : gamma);
           if ((channel & RedChannel) != 0)
-            q->red=ClampToQuantum(gamma*GetRedPixelComponent(&pixel));
+            SetRedPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*pixel.red));
           if ((channel & GreenChannel) != 0)
-            q->green=ClampToQuantum(gamma*GetGreenPixelComponent(&pixel));
+            SetGreenPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*pixel.green));
           if ((channel & BlueChannel) != 0)
-            q->blue=ClampToQuantum(gamma*GetBluePixelComponent(&pixel));
+            SetBluePixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*pixel.blue));
           if ((channel & OpacityChannel) != 0)
             {
               k=kernel;
               kernel_pixels=p;
-              for (i=0; i < (long) width; i++)
+              for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) width; i++)
               {
-                pixel.opacity+=(*k)*kernel_pixels->opacity;
+                pixel.opacity+=(*k)*GetOpacityPixelComponent(kernel_pixels);
                 k++;
                 kernel_pixels++;
               }
-              SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampOpacityPixelComponent(&pixel));
+              SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.opacity));
             }
           if (((channel & IndexChannel) != 0) &&
               (image->colorspace == CMYKColorspace))
@@ -1214,7 +1228,7 @@ MagickExport Image *BlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
               k=kernel;
               kernel_pixels=p;
               kernel_indexes=indexes;
-              for (i=0; i < (long) width; i++)
+              for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) width; i++)
               {
                 alpha=(MagickRealType) (QuantumScale*
                   GetAlphaPixelComponent(kernel_pixels));
@@ -1223,10 +1237,11 @@ MagickExport Image *BlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
                 kernel_pixels++;
                 kernel_indexes++;
               }
-              blur_indexes[y]=ClampToQuantum(gamma*
-                GetIndexPixelComponent(&pixel));
+              SetIndexPixelComponent(blur_indexes+y,ClampToQuantum(gamma*
+                pixel.index));
             }
         }
+      indexes++;
       p++;
       q++;
     }
@@ -1270,11 +1285,10 @@ MagickExport Image *BlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
 %
 %  The format of the ConvolveImage method is:
 %
-%      Image *ConvolveImage(const Image *image,const unsigned long order,
+%      Image *ConvolveImage(const Image *image,const size_t order,
 %        const double *kernel,ExceptionInfo *exception)
 %      Image *ConvolveImageChannel(const Image *image,const ChannelType channel,
-%        const unsigned long order,const double *kernel,
-%        ExceptionInfo *exception)
+%        const size_t order,const double *kernel,ExceptionInfo *exception)
 %
 %  A description of each parameter follows:
 %
@@ -1290,7 +1304,7 @@ MagickExport Image *BlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
 %
 */
 
-MagickExport Image *ConvolveImage(const Image *image,const unsigned long order,
+MagickExport Image *ConvolveImage(const Image *image,const size_t order,
   const double *kernel,ExceptionInfo *exception)
 {
   Image
@@ -1302,7 +1316,7 @@ MagickExport Image *ConvolveImage(const Image *image,const unsigned long order,
 }
 
 MagickExport Image *ConvolveImageChannel(const Image *image,
-  const ChannelType channel,const unsigned long order,const double *kernel,
+  const ChannelType channel,const size_t order,const double *kernel,
   ExceptionInfo *exception)
 {
 #define ConvolveImageTag  "Convolve/Image"
@@ -1317,25 +1331,27 @@ MagickExport Image *ConvolveImageChannel(const Image *image,
   Image
     *convolve_image;
 
-  long
-    progress,
-    y;
-
   MagickBooleanType
     status;
 
+  MagickOffsetType
+    progress;
+
   MagickPixelPacket
     bias;
 
   MagickRealType
     gamma;
 
-  register long
+  register ssize_t
     i;
 
-  unsigned long
+  size_t
     width;
 
+  ssize_t
+    y;
+
   /*
     Initialize convolve image attributes.
   */
@@ -1363,23 +1379,24 @@ MagickExport Image *ConvolveImageChannel(const Image *image,
         format[MaxTextExtent],
         *message;
 
-      long
-        u,
-        v;
-
       register const double
         *k;
 
+      ssize_t
+        u,
+        v;
+
       (void) LogMagickEvent(TransformEvent,GetMagickModule(),
-        "  ConvolveImage with %ldx%ld kernel:",width,width);
+        "  ConvolveImage with %.20gx%.20g kernel:",(double) width,(double)
+        width);
       message=AcquireString("");
       k=kernel;
-      for (v=0; v < (long) width; v++)
+      for (v=0; v < (ssize_t) width; v++)
       {
         *message='\0';
-        (void) FormatMagickString(format,MaxTextExtent,"%ld: ",v);
+        (void) FormatMagickString(format,MaxTextExtent,"%.20g: ",(double) v);
         (void) ConcatenateString(&message,format);
-        for (u=0; u < (long) width; u++)
+        for (u=0; u < (ssize_t) width; u++)
         {
           (void) FormatMagickString(format,MaxTextExtent,"%g ",*k++);
           (void) ConcatenateString(&message,format);
@@ -1399,10 +1416,10 @@ MagickExport Image *ConvolveImageChannel(const Image *image,
       ThrowImageException(ResourceLimitError,"MemoryAllocationFailed");
     }
   gamma=0.0;
-  for (i=0; i < (long) (width*width); i++)
+  for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) (width*width); i++)
     gamma+=kernel[i];
   gamma=1.0/(fabs((double) gamma) <= MagickEpsilon ? 1.0 : gamma);
-  for (i=0; i < (long) (width*width); i++)
+  for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) (width*width); i++)
     normal_kernel[i]=gamma*kernel[i];
   /*
     Convolve image.
@@ -1416,7 +1433,7 @@ MagickExport Image *ConvolveImageChannel(const Image *image,
 #if defined(MAGICKCORE_OPENMP_SUPPORT)
   #pragma omp parallel for schedule(dynamic,4) shared(progress,status)
 #endif
-  for (y=0; y < (long) image->rows; y++)
+  for (y=0; y < (ssize_t) image->rows; y++)
   {
     MagickBooleanType
       sync;
@@ -1430,16 +1447,16 @@ MagickExport Image *ConvolveImageChannel(const Image *image,
     register IndexPacket
       *restrict convolve_indexes;
 
-    register long
-      x;
-
     register PixelPacket
       *restrict q;
 
+    register ssize_t
+      x;
+
     if (status == MagickFalse)
       continue;
-    p=GetCacheViewVirtualPixels(image_view,-((long) width/2L),y-(long) (width/
-      2L),image->columns+width,width,exception);
+    p=GetCacheViewVirtualPixels(image_view,-((ssize_t) width/2L),y-(ssize_t)
+      (width/2L),image->columns+width,width,exception);
     q=GetCacheViewAuthenticPixels(convolve_view,0,y,convolve_image->columns,1,
       exception);
     if ((p == (const PixelPacket *) NULL) || (q == (PixelPacket *) NULL))
@@ -1449,11 +1466,8 @@ MagickExport Image *ConvolveImageChannel(const Image *image,
       }
     indexes=GetCacheViewVirtualIndexQueue(image_view);
     convolve_indexes=GetCacheViewAuthenticIndexQueue(convolve_view);
-    for (x=0; x < (long) image->columns; x++)
+    for (x=0; x < (ssize_t) image->columns; x++)
     {
-      long
-        v;
-
       MagickPixelPacket
         pixel;
 
@@ -1463,17 +1477,20 @@ MagickExport Image *ConvolveImageChannel(const Image *image,
       register const PixelPacket
         *restrict kernel_pixels;
 
-      register long
+      register ssize_t
         u;
 
+      ssize_t
+        v;
+
       pixel=bias;
       k=normal_kernel;
       kernel_pixels=p;
       if (((channel & OpacityChannel) == 0) || (image->matte == MagickFalse))
         {
-          for (v=0; v < (long) width; v++)
+          for (v=0; v < (ssize_t) width; v++)
           {
-            for (u=0; u < (long) width; u++)
+            for (u=0; u < (ssize_t) width; u++)
             {
               pixel.red+=(*k)*kernel_pixels[u].red;
               pixel.green+=(*k)*kernel_pixels[u].green;
@@ -1483,25 +1500,25 @@ MagickExport Image *ConvolveImageChannel(const Image *image,
             kernel_pixels+=image->columns+width;
           }
           if ((channel & RedChannel) != 0)
-            SetRedPixelComponent(q,ClampRedPixelComponent(&pixel));
+            SetRedPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.red));
           if ((channel & GreenChannel) != 0)
-            SetGreenPixelComponent(q,ClampGreenPixelComponent(&pixel));
+            SetGreenPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.green));
           if ((channel & BlueChannel) != 0)
-            SetBluePixelComponent(q,ClampBluePixelComponent(&pixel));
+            SetBluePixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.blue));
           if ((channel & OpacityChannel) != 0)
             {
               k=normal_kernel;
               kernel_pixels=p;
-              for (v=0; v < (long) width; v++)
+              for (v=0; v < (ssize_t) width; v++)
               {
-                for (u=0; u < (long) width; u++)
+                for (u=0; u < (ssize_t) width; u++)
                 {
                   pixel.opacity+=(*k)*kernel_pixels[u].opacity;
                   k++;
                 }
                 kernel_pixels+=image->columns+width;
               }
-              SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampOpacityPixelComponent(&pixel));
+              SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.opacity));
             }
           if (((channel & IndexChannel) != 0) &&
               (image->colorspace == CMYKColorspace))
@@ -1511,16 +1528,17 @@ MagickExport Image *ConvolveImageChannel(const Image *image,
 
               k=normal_kernel;
               kernel_indexes=indexes;
-              for (v=0; v < (long) width; v++)
+              for (v=0; v < (ssize_t) width; v++)
               {
-                for (u=0; u < (long) width; u++)
+                for (u=0; u < (ssize_t) width; u++)
                 {
-                  pixel.index+=(*k)*kernel_indexes[u];
+                  pixel.index+=(*k)*GetIndexPixelComponent(kernel_indexes+u);
                   k++;
                 }
                 kernel_indexes+=image->columns+width;
               }
-              convolve_indexes[x]=ClampToQuantum(pixel.index);
+              SetIndexPixelComponent(convolve_indexes+x,ClampToQuantum(
+                pixel.index));
             }
         }
       else
@@ -1530,9 +1548,9 @@ MagickExport Image *ConvolveImageChannel(const Image *image,
             gamma;
 
           gamma=0.0;
-          for (v=0; v < (long) width; v++)
+          for (v=0; v < (ssize_t) width; v++)
           {
-            for (u=0; u < (long) width; u++)
+            for (u=0; u < (ssize_t) width; u++)
             {
               alpha=(MagickRealType) (QuantumScale*(QuantumRange-
                 kernel_pixels[u].opacity));
@@ -1546,25 +1564,25 @@ MagickExport Image *ConvolveImageChannel(const Image *image,
           }
           gamma=1.0/(fabs((double) gamma) <= MagickEpsilon ? 1.0 : gamma);
           if ((channel & RedChannel) != 0)
-            q->red=ClampToQuantum(gamma*GetRedPixelComponent(&pixel));
+            SetRedPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*pixel.red));
           if ((channel & GreenChannel) != 0)
-            q->green=ClampToQuantum(gamma*GetGreenPixelComponent(&pixel));
+            SetGreenPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*pixel.green));
           if ((channel & BlueChannel) != 0)
-            q->blue=ClampToQuantum(gamma*GetBluePixelComponent(&pixel));
+            SetBluePixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*pixel.blue));
           if ((channel & OpacityChannel) != 0)
             {
               k=normal_kernel;
               kernel_pixels=p;
-              for (v=0; v < (long) width; v++)
+              for (v=0; v < (ssize_t) width; v++)
               {
-                for (u=0; u < (long) width; u++)
+                for (u=0; u < (ssize_t) width; u++)
                 {
-                  pixel.opacity+=(*k)*kernel_pixels[u].opacity;
+                  pixel.opacity+=(*k)*GetOpacityPixelComponent(kernel_pixels+u);
                   k++;
                 }
                 kernel_pixels+=image->columns+width;
               }
-              SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampOpacityPixelComponent(&pixel));
+              SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.opacity));
             }
           if (((channel & IndexChannel) != 0) &&
               (image->colorspace == CMYKColorspace))
@@ -1575,22 +1593,24 @@ MagickExport Image *ConvolveImageChannel(const Image *image,
               k=normal_kernel;
               kernel_pixels=p;
               kernel_indexes=indexes;
-              for (v=0; v < (long) width; v++)
+              for (v=0; v < (ssize_t) width; v++)
               {
-                for (u=0; u < (long) width; u++)
+                for (u=0; u < (ssize_t) width; u++)
                 {
                   alpha=(MagickRealType) (QuantumScale*(QuantumRange-
                     kernel_pixels[u].opacity));
-                  pixel.index+=(*k)*alpha*kernel_indexes[u];
+                  pixel.index+=(*k)*alpha*GetIndexPixelComponent(
+                    kernel_indexes+u);
                   k++;
                 }
                 kernel_pixels+=image->columns+width;
                 kernel_indexes+=image->columns+width;
               }
-              convolve_indexes[x]=ClampToQuantum(gamma*
-                GetIndexPixelComponent(&pixel));
+              SetIndexPixelComponent(convolve_indexes+x,ClampToQuantum(gamma*
+                pixel.index));
             }
         }
+      indexes++;
       p++;
       q++;
     }
@@ -1645,75 +1665,37 @@ MagickExport Image *ConvolveImageChannel(const Image *image,
 %
 */
 
-static Quantum **DestroyPixelThreadSet(Quantum **pixels)
-{
-  register long
-    i;
-
-  assert(pixels != (Quantum **) NULL);
-  for (i=0; i < (long) GetOpenMPMaximumThreads(); i++)
-    if (pixels[i] != (Quantum *) NULL)
-      pixels[i]=(Quantum *) RelinquishMagickMemory(pixels[i]);
-  pixels=(Quantum **) RelinquishAlignedMemory(pixels);
-  return(pixels);
-}
-
-static Quantum **AcquirePixelThreadSet(const size_t count)
-{
-  register long
-    i;
-
-  Quantum
-    **pixels;
-
-  unsigned long
-    number_threads;
-
-  number_threads=GetOpenMPMaximumThreads();
-  pixels=(Quantum **) AcquireAlignedMemory(number_threads,sizeof(*pixels));
-  if (pixels == (Quantum **) NULL)
-    return((Quantum **) NULL);
-  (void) ResetMagickMemory(pixels,0,number_threads*sizeof(*pixels));
-  for (i=0; i < (long) number_threads; i++)
-  {
-    pixels[i]=(Quantum *) AcquireQuantumMemory(count,sizeof(**pixels));
-    if (pixels[i] == (Quantum *) NULL)
-      return(DestroyPixelThreadSet(pixels));
-  }
-  return(pixels);
-}
-
-static void Hull(const long x_offset,const long y_offset,
-  const unsigned long columns,const unsigned long rows,Quantum *f,Quantum *g,
+static void Hull(const ssize_t x_offset,const ssize_t y_offset,
+  const size_t columns,const size_t rows,Quantum *f,Quantum *g,
   const int polarity)
 {
-  long
-    y;
-
   MagickRealType
     v;
 
-  register long
-    x;
-
   register Quantum
     *p,
     *q,
     *r,
     *s;
 
+  register ssize_t
+    x;
+
+  ssize_t
+    y;
+
   assert(f != (Quantum *) NULL);
   assert(g != (Quantum *) NULL);
   p=f+(columns+2);
   q=g+(columns+2);
-  r=p+(y_offset*((long) columns+2)+x_offset);
-  for (y=0; y < (long) rows; y++)
+  r=p+(y_offset*((ssize_t) columns+2)+x_offset);
+  for (y=0; y < (ssize_t) rows; y++)
   {
     p++;
     q++;
     r++;
     if (polarity > 0)
-      for (x=(long) columns; x != 0; x--)
+      for (x=(ssize_t) columns; x != 0; x--)
       {
         v=(MagickRealType) (*p);
         if ((MagickRealType) *r >= (v+(MagickRealType) ScaleCharToQuantum(2)))
@@ -1724,11 +1706,11 @@ static void Hull(const long x_offset,const long y_offset,
         r++;
       }
     else
-      for (x=(long) columns; x != 0; x--)
+      for (x=(ssize_t) columns; x != 0; x--)
       {
         v=(MagickRealType) (*p);
         if ((MagickRealType) *r <= (v-(MagickRealType) ScaleCharToQuantum(2)))
-          v-=(long) ScaleCharToQuantum(1);
+          v-=(ssize_t) ScaleCharToQuantum(1);
         *q=(Quantum) v;
         p++;
         q++;
@@ -1740,16 +1722,16 @@ static void Hull(const long x_offset,const long y_offset,
   }
   p=f+(columns+2);
   q=g+(columns+2);
-  r=q+(y_offset*((long) columns+2)+x_offset);
-  s=q-(y_offset*((long) columns+2)+x_offset);
-  for (y=0; y < (long) rows; y++)
+  r=q+(y_offset*((ssize_t) columns+2)+x_offset);
+  s=q-(y_offset*((ssize_t) columns+2)+x_offset);
+  for (y=0; y < (ssize_t) rows; y++)
   {
     p++;
     q++;
     r++;
     s++;
     if (polarity > 0)
-      for (x=(long) columns; x != 0; x--)
+      for (x=(ssize_t) columns; x != 0; x--)
       {
         v=(MagickRealType) (*q);
         if (((MagickRealType) *s >=
@@ -1763,7 +1745,7 @@ static void Hull(const long x_offset,const long y_offset,
         s++;
       }
     else
-      for (x=(long) columns; x != 0; x--)
+      for (x=(ssize_t) columns; x != 0; x--)
       {
         v=(MagickRealType) (*q);
         if (((MagickRealType) *s <=
@@ -1794,20 +1776,21 @@ MagickExport Image *DespeckleImage(const Image *image,ExceptionInfo *exception)
   Image
     *despeckle_image;
 
-  long
-    channel;
-
   MagickBooleanType
     status;
 
+  register ssize_t
+    i;
+
   Quantum
-    **restrict buffers,
-    **restrict pixels;
+    *restrict buffers,
+    *restrict pixels;
 
   size_t
-    length;
+    length,
+    number_channels;
 
-  static const int
+  static const ssize_t
     X[4] = {0, 1, 1,-1},
     Y[4] = {1, 0, 1, 1};
 
@@ -1834,14 +1817,14 @@ MagickExport Image *DespeckleImage(const Image *image,ExceptionInfo *exception)
     Allocate image buffers.
   */
   length=(size_t) ((image->columns+2)*(image->rows+2));
-  pixels=AcquirePixelThreadSet(length);
-  buffers=AcquirePixelThreadSet(length);
-  if ((pixels == (Quantum **) NULL) || (buffers == (Quantum **) NULL))
+  pixels=(Quantum *) AcquireQuantumMemory(length,2*sizeof(*pixels));
+  buffers=(Quantum *) AcquireQuantumMemory(length,2*sizeof(*pixels));
+  if ((pixels == (Quantum *) NULL) || (buffers == (Quantum *) NULL))
     {
-      if (buffers != (Quantum **) NULL)
-        buffers=DestroyPixelThreadSet(buffers);
-      if (pixels != (Quantum **) NULL)
-        pixels=DestroyPixelThreadSet(pixels);
+      if (buffers != (Quantum *) NULL)
+        buffers=(Quantum *) RelinquishMagickMemory(buffers);
+      if (pixels != (Quantum *) NULL)
+        pixels=(Quantum *) RelinquishMagickMemory(pixels);
       despeckle_image=DestroyImage(despeckle_image);
       ThrowImageException(ResourceLimitError,"MemoryAllocationFailed");
     }
@@ -1849,50 +1832,51 @@ MagickExport Image *DespeckleImage(const Image *image,ExceptionInfo *exception)
     Reduce speckle in the image.
   */
   status=MagickTrue;
+  number_channels=(size_t) (image->colorspace == CMYKColorspace ? 5 : 4);
   image_view=AcquireCacheView(image);
   despeckle_view=AcquireCacheView(despeckle_image);
-#if defined(MAGICKCORE_OPENMP_SUPPORT)
-  #pragma omp parallel for schedule(dynamic,4) shared(status)
-#endif
-  for (channel=0; channel <= 3; channel++)
+  for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) number_channels; i++)
   {
-    long
-      j,
-      y;
-
-    register long
-      i,
-      id,
-      x;
-
     register Quantum
       *buffer,
       *pixel;
 
+    register ssize_t
+      k,
+      x;
+
+    ssize_t
+      j,
+      y;
+
     if (status == MagickFalse)
       continue;
-    id=GetOpenMPThreadId();
-    pixel=pixels[id];
+    pixel=pixels;
     (void) ResetMagickMemory(pixel,0,length*sizeof(*pixel));
-    buffer=buffers[id];
-    j=(long) image->columns+2;
-    for (y=0; y < (long) image->rows; y++)
+    buffer=buffers;
+    j=(ssize_t) image->columns+2;
+    for (y=0; y < (ssize_t) image->rows; y++)
     {
+      register const IndexPacket
+        *restrict indexes;
+
       register const PixelPacket
         *restrict p;
 
       p=GetCacheViewVirtualPixels(image_view,0,y,image->columns,1,exception);
       if (p == (const PixelPacket *) NULL)
         break;
+      indexes=GetCacheViewVirtualIndexQueue(image_view);
       j++;
-      for (x=0; x < (long) image->columns; x++)
+      for (x=0; x < (ssize_t) image->columns; x++)
       {
-        switch (channel)
+        switch (i)
         {
           case 0: pixel[j]=GetRedPixelComponent(p); break;
           case 1: pixel[j]=GetGreenPixelComponent(p); break;
           case 2: pixel[j]=GetBluePixelComponent(p); break;
           case 3: pixel[j]=GetOpacityPixelComponent(p); break;
+          case 4: pixel[j]=GetBlackPixelComponent(indexes+x); break;
           default: break;
         }
         p++;
@@ -1901,19 +1885,22 @@ MagickExport Image *DespeckleImage(const Image *image,ExceptionInfo *exception)
       j++;
     }
     (void) ResetMagickMemory(buffer,0,length*sizeof(*buffer));
-    for (i=0; i < 4; i++)
+    for (k=0; k < 4; k++)
     {
-      Hull(X[i],Y[i],image->columns,image->rows,pixel,buffer,1);
-      Hull(-X[i],-Y[i],image->columns,image->rows,pixel,buffer,1);
-      Hull(-X[i],-Y[i],image->columns,image->rows,pixel,buffer,-1);
-      Hull(X[i],Y[i],image->columns,image->rows,pixel,buffer,-1);
+      Hull(X[k],Y[k],image->columns,image->rows,pixel,buffer,1);
+      Hull(-X[k],-Y[k],image->columns,image->rows,pixel,buffer,1);
+      Hull(-X[k],-Y[k],image->columns,image->rows,pixel,buffer,-1);
+      Hull(X[k],Y[k],image->columns,image->rows,pixel,buffer,-1);
     }
-    j=(long) image->columns+2;
-    for (y=0; y < (long) image->rows; y++)
+    j=(ssize_t) image->columns+2;
+    for (y=0; y < (ssize_t) image->rows; y++)
     {
       MagickBooleanType
         sync;
 
+      register IndexPacket
+        *restrict indexes;
+
       register PixelPacket
         *restrict q;
 
@@ -1921,15 +1908,17 @@ MagickExport Image *DespeckleImage(const Image *image,ExceptionInfo *exception)
         1,exception);
       if (q == (PixelPacket *) NULL)
         break;
+      indexes=GetCacheViewAuthenticIndexQueue(image_view);
       j++;
-      for (x=0; x < (long) image->columns; x++)
+      for (x=0; x < (ssize_t) image->columns; x++)
       {
-        switch (channel)
+        switch (i)
         {
-          case 0: q->red=pixel[j]; break;
-          case 1: q->green=pixel[j]; break;
-          case 2: q->blue=pixel[j]; break;
-          case 3: q->opacity=pixel[j]; break;
+          case 0: SetRedPixelComponent(q,pixel[j]); break;
+          case 1: SetGreenPixelComponent(q,pixel[j]); break;
+          case 2: SetBluePixelComponent(q,pixel[j]); break;
+          case 3: SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,pixel[j]); break;
+          case 4: SetIndexPixelComponent(indexes+x,pixel[j]); break;
           default: break;
         }
         q++;
@@ -1948,18 +1937,16 @@ MagickExport Image *DespeckleImage(const Image *image,ExceptionInfo *exception)
         MagickBooleanType
           proceed;
 
-#if defined(MAGICKCORE_OPENMP_SUPPORT)
-  #pragma omp critical (MagickCore_DespeckleImage)
-#endif
-        proceed=SetImageProgress(image,DespeckleImageTag,channel,3);
+        proceed=SetImageProgress(image,DespeckleImageTag,(MagickOffsetType) i,
+          number_channels);
         if (proceed == MagickFalse)
           status=MagickFalse;
       }
   }
   despeckle_view=DestroyCacheView(despeckle_view);
   image_view=DestroyCacheView(image_view);
-  buffers=DestroyPixelThreadSet(buffers);
-  pixels=DestroyPixelThreadSet(pixels);
+  buffers=(Quantum *) RelinquishMagickMemory(buffers);
+  pixels=(Quantum *) RelinquishMagickMemory(pixels);
   despeckle_image->type=image->type;
   if (status == MagickFalse)
     despeckle_image=DestroyImage(despeckle_image);
@@ -2004,10 +1991,10 @@ MagickExport Image *EdgeImage(const Image *image,const double radius,
   double
     *kernel;
 
-  register long
+  register ssize_t
     i;
 
-  unsigned long
+  size_t
     width;
 
   assert(image != (const Image *) NULL);
@@ -2020,7 +2007,7 @@ MagickExport Image *EdgeImage(const Image *image,const double radius,
   kernel=(double *) AcquireQuantumMemory((size_t) width,width*sizeof(*kernel));
   if (kernel == (double *) NULL)
     ThrowImageException(ResourceLimitError,"MemoryAllocationFailed");
-  for (i=0; i < (long) (width*width); i++)
+  for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) (width*width); i++)
     kernel[i]=(-1.0);
   kernel[i/2]=(double) (width*width-1.0);
   edge_image=ConvolveImage(image,width,kernel,exception);
@@ -2070,18 +2057,18 @@ MagickExport Image *EmbossImage(const Image *image,const double radius,
   Image
     *emboss_image;
 
-  long
+  register ssize_t
+    i;
+
+  size_t
+    width;
+
+  ssize_t
     j,
     k,
     u,
     v;
 
-  register long
-    i;
-
-  unsigned long
-    width;
-
   assert(image != (Image *) NULL);
   assert(image->signature == MagickSignature);
   if (image->debug != MagickFalse)
@@ -2092,16 +2079,16 @@ MagickExport Image *EmbossImage(const Image *image,const double radius,
   kernel=(double *) AcquireQuantumMemory((size_t) width,width*sizeof(*kernel));
   if (kernel == (double *) NULL)
     ThrowImageException(ResourceLimitError,"MemoryAllocationFailed");
-  j=(long) width/2;
+  j=(ssize_t) width/2;
   k=j;
   i=0;
   for (v=(-j); v <= j; v++)
   {
     for (u=(-j); u <= j; u++)
     {
-      kernel[i]=((u < 0) || (v < 0) ? -8.0 : 8.0)*
+      kernel[i]=(double) (((u < 0) || (v < 0) ? -8.0 : 8.0)*
         exp(-((double) u*u+v*v)/(2.0*MagickSigma*MagickSigma))/
-        (2.0*MagickPI*MagickSigma*MagickSigma);
+        (2.0*MagickPI*MagickSigma*MagickSigma));
       if (u != k)
         kernel[i]=0.0;
       i++;
@@ -2166,22 +2153,21 @@ MagickExport Image *FilterImageChannel(const Image *image,
     *filter_view,
     *image_view;
 
-  KernelInfo
-    *normal_kernel;
-
   Image
     *filter_image;
 
-  long
-    progress,
-    y;
-
   MagickBooleanType
     status;
 
+  MagickOffsetType
+    progress;
+
   MagickPixelPacket
     bias;
 
+  ssize_t
+    y;
+
   /*
     Initialize filter image attributes.
   */
@@ -2208,23 +2194,24 @@ MagickExport Image *FilterImageChannel(const Image *image,
         format[MaxTextExtent],
         *message;
 
-      long
-        u,
-        v;
-
       register const double
         *k;
 
+      ssize_t
+        u,
+        v;
+
       (void) LogMagickEvent(TransformEvent,GetMagickModule(),
-        "  FilterImage with %ldx%ld kernel:",kernel->width,kernel->height);
+        "  FilterImage with %.20gx%.20g kernel:",(double) kernel->width,(double)
+        kernel->height);
       message=AcquireString("");
       k=kernel->values;
-      for (v=0; v < (long) kernel->height; v++)
+      for (v=0; v < (ssize_t) kernel->height; v++)
       {
         *message='\0';
-        (void) FormatMagickString(format,MaxTextExtent,"%ld: ",v);
+        (void) FormatMagickString(format,MaxTextExtent,"%.20g: ",(double) v);
         (void) ConcatenateString(&message,format);
-        for (u=0; u < (long) kernel->width; u++)
+        for (u=0; u < (ssize_t) kernel->width; u++)
         {
           (void) FormatMagickString(format,MaxTextExtent,"%g ",*k++);
           (void) ConcatenateString(&message,format);
@@ -2233,14 +2220,7 @@ MagickExport Image *FilterImageChannel(const Image *image,
       }
       message=DestroyString(message);
     }
-  normal_kernel=CloneKernelInfo(kernel);
-  if (normal_kernel == (KernelInfo *) NULL)
-    {
-      filter_image=DestroyImage(filter_image);
-      ThrowImageException(ResourceLimitError,"MemoryAllocationFailed");
-    }
-  ScaleKernelInfo(normal_kernel,1.0,NormalizeValue);
-  status=AccelerateConvolveImage(image,normal_kernel,filter_image,exception);
+  status=AccelerateConvolveImage(image,kernel,filter_image,exception);
   if (status == MagickTrue)
     return(filter_image);
   /*
@@ -2255,7 +2235,7 @@ MagickExport Image *FilterImageChannel(const Image *image,
 #if defined(MAGICKCORE_OPENMP_SUPPORT)
   #pragma omp parallel for schedule(dynamic,4) shared(progress,status)
 #endif
-  for (y=0; y < (long) image->rows; y++)
+  for (y=0; y < (ssize_t) image->rows; y++)
   {
     MagickBooleanType
       sync;
@@ -2269,17 +2249,17 @@ MagickExport Image *FilterImageChannel(const Image *image,
     register IndexPacket
       *restrict filter_indexes;
 
-    register long
-      x;
-
     register PixelPacket
       *restrict q;
 
+    register ssize_t
+      x;
+
     if (status == MagickFalse)
       continue;
-    p=GetCacheViewVirtualPixels(image_view,-((long) normal_kernel->width/2L),
-      y-(long) (normal_kernel->height/2L),image->columns+normal_kernel->width,
-      normal_kernel->height,exception);
+    p=GetCacheViewVirtualPixels(image_view,-((ssize_t) kernel->width/2L),
+      y-(ssize_t) (kernel->height/2L),image->columns+kernel->width,
+      kernel->height,exception);
     q=GetCacheViewAuthenticPixels(filter_view,0,y,filter_image->columns,1,
       exception);
     if ((p == (const PixelPacket *) NULL) || (q == (PixelPacket *) NULL))
@@ -2289,11 +2269,8 @@ MagickExport Image *FilterImageChannel(const Image *image,
       }
     indexes=GetCacheViewVirtualIndexQueue(image_view);
     filter_indexes=GetCacheViewAuthenticIndexQueue(filter_view);
-    for (x=0; x < (long) image->columns; x++)
+    for (x=0; x < (ssize_t) image->columns; x++)
     {
-      long
-        v;
-
       MagickPixelPacket
         pixel;
 
@@ -2303,45 +2280,48 @@ MagickExport Image *FilterImageChannel(const Image *image,
       register const PixelPacket
         *restrict kernel_pixels;
 
-      register long
+      register ssize_t
         u;
 
+      ssize_t
+        v;
+
       pixel=bias;
-      k=normal_kernel->values;
+      k=kernel->values;
       kernel_pixels=p;
       if (((channel & OpacityChannel) == 0) || (image->matte == MagickFalse))
         {
-          for (v=0; v < (long) normal_kernel->width; v++)
+          for (v=0; v < (ssize_t) kernel->width; v++)
           {
-            for (u=0; u < (long) normal_kernel->height; u++)
+            for (u=0; u < (ssize_t) kernel->height; u++)
             {
               pixel.red+=(*k)*kernel_pixels[u].red;
               pixel.green+=(*k)*kernel_pixels[u].green;
               pixel.blue+=(*k)*kernel_pixels[u].blue;
               k++;
             }
-            kernel_pixels+=image->columns+normal_kernel->width;
+            kernel_pixels+=image->columns+kernel->width;
           }
           if ((channel & RedChannel) != 0)
-            SetRedPixelComponent(q,ClampRedPixelComponent(&pixel));
+            SetRedPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.red));
           if ((channel & GreenChannel) != 0)
-            SetGreenPixelComponent(q,ClampGreenPixelComponent(&pixel));
+            SetGreenPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.green));
           if ((channel & BlueChannel) != 0)
-            SetBluePixelComponent(q,ClampBluePixelComponent(&pixel));
+            SetBluePixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.blue));
           if ((channel & OpacityChannel) != 0)
             {
-              k=normal_kernel->values;
+              k=kernel->values;
               kernel_pixels=p;
-              for (v=0; v < (long) normal_kernel->width; v++)
+              for (v=0; v < (ssize_t) kernel->width; v++)
               {
-                for (u=0; u < (long) normal_kernel->height; u++)
+                for (u=0; u < (ssize_t) kernel->height; u++)
                 {
                   pixel.opacity+=(*k)*kernel_pixels[u].opacity;
                   k++;
                 }
-                kernel_pixels+=image->columns+normal_kernel->width;
+                kernel_pixels+=image->columns+kernel->width;
               }
-              SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampOpacityPixelComponent(&pixel));
+              SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.opacity));
             }
           if (((channel & IndexChannel) != 0) &&
               (image->colorspace == CMYKColorspace))
@@ -2349,18 +2329,19 @@ MagickExport Image *FilterImageChannel(const Image *image,
               register const IndexPacket
                 *restrict kernel_indexes;
 
-              k=normal_kernel->values;
+              k=kernel->values;
               kernel_indexes=indexes;
-              for (v=0; v < (long) normal_kernel->width; v++)
+              for (v=0; v < (ssize_t) kernel->width; v++)
               {
-                for (u=0; u < (long) normal_kernel->height; u++)
+                for (u=0; u < (ssize_t) kernel->height; u++)
                 {
-                  pixel.index+=(*k)*kernel_indexes[u];
+                  pixel.index+=(*k)*GetIndexPixelComponent(kernel_indexes+u);
                   k++;
                 }
-                kernel_indexes+=image->columns+normal_kernel->width;
+                kernel_indexes+=image->columns+kernel->width;
               }
-              filter_indexes[x]=ClampToQuantum(pixel.index);
+              SetIndexPixelComponent(filter_indexes+x,ClampToQuantum(
+                pixel.index));
             }
         }
       else
@@ -2370,41 +2351,41 @@ MagickExport Image *FilterImageChannel(const Image *image,
             gamma;
 
           gamma=0.0;
-          for (v=0; v < (long) normal_kernel->width; v++)
+          for (v=0; v < (ssize_t) kernel->width; v++)
           {
-            for (u=0; u < (long) normal_kernel->height; u++)
+            for (u=0; u < (ssize_t) kernel->height; u++)
             {
               alpha=(MagickRealType) (QuantumScale*(QuantumRange-
-                kernel_pixels[u].opacity));
-              pixel.red+=(*k)*alpha*kernel_pixels[u].red;
-              pixel.green+=(*k)*alpha*kernel_pixels[u].green;
-              pixel.blue+=(*k)*alpha*kernel_pixels[u].blue;
+                GetOpacityPixelComponent(kernel_pixels+u)));
+              pixel.red+=(*k)*alpha*GetRedPixelComponent(kernel_pixels+u);
+              pixel.green+=(*k)*alpha*GetGreenPixelComponent(kernel_pixels+u);
+              pixel.blue+=(*k)*alpha*GetBluePixelComponent(kernel_pixels+u);
               gamma+=(*k)*alpha;
               k++;
             }
-            kernel_pixels+=image->columns+normal_kernel->width;
+            kernel_pixels+=image->columns+kernel->width;
           }
           gamma=1.0/(fabs((double) gamma) <= MagickEpsilon ? 1.0 : gamma);
           if ((channel & RedChannel) != 0)
-            q->red=ClampToQuantum(gamma*GetRedPixelComponent(&pixel));
+            SetRedPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*pixel.red));
           if ((channel & GreenChannel) != 0)
-            q->green=ClampToQuantum(gamma*GetGreenPixelComponent(&pixel));
+            SetGreenPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*pixel.green));
           if ((channel & BlueChannel) != 0)
-            q->blue=ClampToQuantum(gamma*GetBluePixelComponent(&pixel));
+            SetBluePixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*pixel.blue));
           if ((channel & OpacityChannel) != 0)
             {
-              k=normal_kernel->values;
+              k=kernel->values;
               kernel_pixels=p;
-              for (v=0; v < (long) normal_kernel->width; v++)
+              for (v=0; v < (ssize_t) kernel->width; v++)
               {
-                for (u=0; u < (long) normal_kernel->height; u++)
+                for (u=0; u < (ssize_t) kernel->height; u++)
                 {
-                  pixel.opacity+=(*k)*kernel_pixels[u].opacity;
+                  pixel.opacity+=(*k)*GetOpacityPixelComponent(kernel_pixels+u);
                   k++;
                 }
-                kernel_pixels+=image->columns+normal_kernel->width;
+                kernel_pixels+=image->columns+kernel->width;
               }
-              SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampOpacityPixelComponent(&pixel));
+              SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.opacity));
             }
           if (((channel & IndexChannel) != 0) &&
               (image->colorspace == CMYKColorspace))
@@ -2412,25 +2393,27 @@ MagickExport Image *FilterImageChannel(const Image *image,
               register const IndexPacket
                 *restrict kernel_indexes;
 
-              k=normal_kernel->values;
+              k=kernel->values;
               kernel_pixels=p;
               kernel_indexes=indexes;
-              for (v=0; v < (long) normal_kernel->width; v++)
+              for (v=0; v < (ssize_t) kernel->width; v++)
               {
-                for (u=0; u < (long) normal_kernel->height; u++)
+                for (u=0; u < (ssize_t) kernel->height; u++)
                 {
                   alpha=(MagickRealType) (QuantumScale*(QuantumRange-
                     kernel_pixels[u].opacity));
-                  pixel.index+=(*k)*alpha*kernel_indexes[u];
+                  pixel.index+=(*k)*alpha*GetIndexPixelComponent(
+                    kernel_indexes+u);
                   k++;
                 }
-                kernel_pixels+=image->columns+normal_kernel->width;
-                kernel_indexes+=image->columns+normal_kernel->width;
+                kernel_pixels+=image->columns+kernel->width;
+                kernel_indexes+=image->columns+kernel->width;
               }
-              filter_indexes[x]=ClampToQuantum(gamma*
-                GetIndexPixelComponent(&pixel));
+              SetIndexPixelComponent(filter_indexes+x,ClampToQuantum(gamma*
+                pixel.index));
             }
         }
+      indexes++;
       p++;
       q++;
     }
@@ -2453,7 +2436,6 @@ MagickExport Image *FilterImageChannel(const Image *image,
   filter_image->type=image->type;
   filter_view=DestroyCacheView(filter_view);
   image_view=DestroyCacheView(image_view);
-  normal_kernel=DestroyKernelInfo(normal_kernel);
   if (status == MagickFalse)
     filter_image=DestroyImage(filter_image);
   return(filter_image);
@@ -2519,17 +2501,17 @@ MagickExport Image *GaussianBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
   Image
     *blur_image;
 
-  long
-    j,
-    u,
-    v;
-
-  register long
+  register ssize_t
     i;
 
-  unsigned long
+  size_t
     width;
 
+  ssize_t
+    j,
+    u,
+    v;
+
   assert(image != (const Image *) NULL);
   assert(image->signature == MagickSignature);
   if (image->debug != MagickFalse)
@@ -2540,13 +2522,13 @@ MagickExport Image *GaussianBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
   kernel=(double *) AcquireQuantumMemory((size_t) width,width*sizeof(*kernel));
   if (kernel == (double *) NULL)
     ThrowImageException(ResourceLimitError,"MemoryAllocationFailed");
-  j=(long) width/2;
+  j=(ssize_t) width/2;
   i=0;
   for (v=(-j); v <= j; v++)
   {
     for (u=(-j); u <= j; u++)
-      kernel[i++]=exp(-((double) u*u+v*v)/(2.0*MagickSigma*MagickSigma))/
-        (2.0*MagickPI*MagickSigma*MagickSigma);
+      kernel[i++]=(double) (exp(-((double) u*u+v*v)/(2.0*MagickSigma*
+        MagickSigma))/(2.0*MagickPI*MagickSigma*MagickSigma));
   }
   blur_image=ConvolveImageChannel(image,channel,width,kernel,exception);
   kernel=(double *) RelinquishMagickMemory(kernel);
@@ -2558,683 +2540,214 @@ MagickExport Image *GaussianBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
 %                                                                             %
 %                                                                             %
 %                                                                             %
-%     M e d i a n F i l t e r I m a g e                                       %
+%     M o t i o n B l u r I m a g e                                           %
 %                                                                             %
 %                                                                             %
 %                                                                             %
 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
 %
-%  MedianFilterImage() applies a digital filter that improves the quality
-%  of a noisy image.  Each pixel is replaced by the median in a set of
-%  neighboring pixels as defined by radius.
+%  MotionBlurImage() simulates motion blur.  We convolve the image with a
+%  Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (sigma).
+%  For reasonable results, radius should be larger than sigma.  Use a
+%  radius of 0 and MotionBlurImage() selects a suitable radius for you.
+%  Angle gives the angle of the blurring motion.
 %
-%  The algorithm was contributed by Mike Edmonds and implements an insertion
-%  sort for selecting median color-channel values.  For more on this algorithm
-%  see "Skip Lists: A probabilistic Alternative to Balanced Trees" by William
-%  Pugh in the June 1990 of Communications of the ACM.
+%  Andrew Protano contributed this effect.
 %
-%  The format of the MedianFilterImage method is:
+%  The format of the MotionBlurImage method is:
 %
-%      Image *MedianFilterImage(const Image *image,const double radius,
-%        ExceptionInfo *exception)
+%    Image *MotionBlurImage(const Image *image,const double radius,
+%      const double sigma,const double angle,ExceptionInfo *exception)
+%    Image *MotionBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,const ChannelType channel,
+%      const double radius,const double sigma,const double angle,
+%      ExceptionInfo *exception)
 %
 %  A description of each parameter follows:
 %
 %    o image: the image.
 %
-%    o radius: the radius of the pixel neighborhood.
+%    o channel: the channel type.
+%
+%    o radius: the radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center
+%    o radius: the radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting
+%      the center pixel.
+%
+%    o sigma: the standard deviation of the Gaussian, in pixels.
+%
+%    o angle: Apply the effect along this angle.
 %
 %    o exception: return any errors or warnings in this structure.
 %
 */
 
-#define MedianListChannels  5
-
-typedef struct _MedianListNode
-{
-  unsigned long
-    next[9],
-    count,
-    signature;
-} MedianListNode;
-
-typedef struct _MedianSkipList
+static double *GetMotionBlurKernel(const size_t width,const double sigma)
 {
-  long
-    level;
-
-  MedianListNode
-    *nodes;
-} MedianSkipList;
-
-typedef struct _MedianPixelList
-{
-  unsigned long
-    center,
-    seed,
-    signature;
-
-  MedianSkipList
-    lists[MedianListChannels];
-} MedianPixelList;
+  double
+    *kernel,
+    normalize;
 
-static MedianPixelList *DestroyMedianPixelList(MedianPixelList *pixel_list)
-{
-  register long
+  register ssize_t
     i;
 
-  if (pixel_list == (MedianPixelList *) NULL)
-    return((MedianPixelList *) NULL);
-  for (i=0; i < MedianListChannels; i++)
-    if (pixel_list->lists[i].nodes != (MedianListNode *) NULL)
-      pixel_list->lists[i].nodes=(MedianListNode *) RelinquishMagickMemory(
-        pixel_list->lists[i].nodes);
-  pixel_list=(MedianPixelList *) RelinquishAlignedMemory(pixel_list);
-  return(pixel_list);
+  /*
+   Generate a 1-D convolution kernel.
+  */
+  (void) LogMagickEvent(TraceEvent,GetMagickModule(),"...");
+  kernel=(double *) AcquireQuantumMemory((size_t) width,sizeof(*kernel));
+  if (kernel == (double *) NULL)
+    return(kernel);
+  normalize=0.0;
+  for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) width; i++)
+  {
+    kernel[i]=(double) (exp((-((double) i*i)/(double) (2.0*MagickSigma*
+      MagickSigma)))/(MagickSQ2PI*MagickSigma));
+    normalize+=kernel[i];
+  }
+  for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) width; i++)
+    kernel[i]/=normalize;
+  return(kernel);
 }
 
-static MedianPixelList **DestroyMedianPixelListThreadSet(
-  MedianPixelList **pixel_list)
+MagickExport Image *MotionBlurImage(const Image *image,const double radius,
+  const double sigma,const double angle,ExceptionInfo *exception)
 {
-  register long
-    i;
+  Image
+    *motion_blur;
 
-  assert(pixel_list != (MedianPixelList **) NULL);
-  for (i=0; i < (long) GetOpenMPMaximumThreads(); i++)
-    if (pixel_list[i] != (MedianPixelList *) NULL)
-      pixel_list[i]=DestroyMedianPixelList(pixel_list[i]);
-  pixel_list=(MedianPixelList **) RelinquishAlignedMemory(pixel_list);
-  return(pixel_list);
+  motion_blur=MotionBlurImageChannel(image,DefaultChannels,radius,sigma,angle,
+    exception);
+  return(motion_blur);
 }
 
-static MedianPixelList *AcquireMedianPixelList(const unsigned long width)
+MagickExport Image *MotionBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
+  const ChannelType channel,const double radius,const double sigma,
+  const double angle,ExceptionInfo *exception)
 {
-  MedianPixelList
-    *pixel_list;
+  CacheView
+    *blur_view,
+    *image_view;
 
-  register long
-    i;
+  double
+    *kernel;
 
-  pixel_list=(MedianPixelList *) AcquireAlignedMemory(1,sizeof(*pixel_list));
-  if (pixel_list == (MedianPixelList *) NULL)
-    return(pixel_list);
-  (void) ResetMagickMemory((void *) pixel_list,0,sizeof(*pixel_list));
-  pixel_list->center=width*width/2;
-  for (i=0; i < MedianListChannels; i++)
-  {
-    pixel_list->lists[i].nodes=(MedianListNode *) AcquireQuantumMemory(65537UL,
-      sizeof(*pixel_list->lists[i].nodes));
-    if (pixel_list->lists[i].nodes == (MedianListNode *) NULL)
-      return(DestroyMedianPixelList(pixel_list));
-    (void) ResetMagickMemory(pixel_list->lists[i].nodes,0,65537UL*
-      sizeof(*pixel_list->lists[i].nodes));
-  }
-  pixel_list->signature=MagickSignature;
-  return(pixel_list);
-}
-
-static MedianPixelList **AcquireMedianPixelListThreadSet(
-  const unsigned long width)
-{
-  register long
-    i;
-
-  MedianPixelList
-    **pixel_list;
-
-  unsigned long
-    number_threads;
-
-  number_threads=GetOpenMPMaximumThreads();
-  pixel_list=(MedianPixelList **) AcquireAlignedMemory(number_threads,
-    sizeof(*pixel_list));
-  if (pixel_list == (MedianPixelList **) NULL)
-    return((MedianPixelList **) NULL);
-  (void) ResetMagickMemory(pixel_list,0,number_threads*sizeof(*pixel_list));
-  for (i=0; i < (long) number_threads; i++)
-  {
-    pixel_list[i]=AcquireMedianPixelList(width);
-    if (pixel_list[i] == (MedianPixelList *) NULL)
-      return(DestroyMedianPixelListThreadSet(pixel_list));
-  }
-  return(pixel_list);
-}
-
-static void AddNodeMedianPixelList(MedianPixelList *pixel_list,
-  const long channel,const unsigned long color)
-{
-  register long
-    level;
-
-  register MedianSkipList
-    *list;
+  Image
+    *blur_image;
 
-  unsigned long
-    search,
-    update[9];
+  MagickBooleanType
+    status;
 
-  /*
-    Initialize the node.
-  */
-  list=pixel_list->lists+channel;
-  list->nodes[color].signature=pixel_list->signature;
-  list->nodes[color].count=1;
-  /*
-    Determine where it belongs in the list.
-  */
-  search=65536UL;
-  for (level=list->level; level >= 0; level--)
-  {
-    while (list->nodes[search].next[level] < color)
-      search=list->nodes[search].next[level];
-    update[level]=search;
-  }
-  /*
-    Generate a pseudo-random level for this node.
-  */
-  for (level=0; ; level++)
-  {
-    pixel_list->seed=(pixel_list->seed*42893621L)+1L;
-    if ((pixel_list->seed & 0x300) != 0x300)
-      break;
-  }
-  if (level > 8)
-    level=8;
-  if (level > (list->level+2))
-    level=list->level+2;
-  /*
-    If we're raising the list's level, link back to the root node.
-  */
-  while (level > list->level)
-  {
-    list->level++;
-    update[list->level]=65536UL;
-  }
-  /*
-    Link the node into the skip-list.
-  */
-  do
-  {
-    list->nodes[color].next[level]=list->nodes[update[level]].next[level];
-    list->nodes[update[level]].next[level]=color;
-  }
-  while (level-- > 0);
-}
+  MagickOffsetType
+    progress;
 
-static MagickPixelPacket GetMedianPixelList(MedianPixelList *pixel_list)
-{
   MagickPixelPacket
-    pixel;
-
-  register long
-    channel;
-
-  register MedianSkipList
-    *list;
-
-  unsigned long
-    center,
-    color,
-    count;
-
-  unsigned short
-    channels[MedianListChannels];
-
-  /*
-    Find the median value for each of the color.
-  */
-  center=pixel_list->center;
-  for (channel=0; channel < 5; channel++)
-  {
-    list=pixel_list->lists+channel;
-    color=65536UL;
-    count=0;
-    do
-    {
-      color=list->nodes[color].next[0];
-      count+=list->nodes[color].count;
-    }
-    while (count <= center);
-    channels[channel]=(unsigned short) color;
-  }
-  GetMagickPixelPacket((const Image *) NULL,&pixel);
-  pixel.red=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[0]);
-  pixel.green=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[1]);
-  pixel.blue=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[2]);
-  pixel.opacity=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[3]);
-  pixel.index=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[4]);
-  return(pixel);
-}
-
-static inline void InsertMedianPixelList(const Image *image,
-  const PixelPacket *pixel,const IndexPacket *indexes,
-  MedianPixelList *pixel_list)
-{
-  unsigned long
-    signature;
-
-  unsigned short
-    index;
-
-  index=ScaleQuantumToShort(pixel->red);
-  signature=pixel_list->lists[0].nodes[index].signature;
-  if (signature == pixel_list->signature)
-    pixel_list->lists[0].nodes[index].count++;
-  else
-    AddNodeMedianPixelList(pixel_list,0,index);
-  index=ScaleQuantumToShort(pixel->green);
-  signature=pixel_list->lists[1].nodes[index].signature;
-  if (signature == pixel_list->signature)
-    pixel_list->lists[1].nodes[index].count++;
-  else
-    AddNodeMedianPixelList(pixel_list,1,index);
-  index=ScaleQuantumToShort(pixel->blue);
-  signature=pixel_list->lists[2].nodes[index].signature;
-  if (signature == pixel_list->signature)
-    pixel_list->lists[2].nodes[index].count++;
-  else
-    AddNodeMedianPixelList(pixel_list,2,index);
-  index=ScaleQuantumToShort(pixel->opacity);
-  signature=pixel_list->lists[3].nodes[index].signature;
-  if (signature == pixel_list->signature)
-    pixel_list->lists[3].nodes[index].count++;
-  else
-    AddNodeMedianPixelList(pixel_list,3,index);
-  if (image->colorspace == CMYKColorspace)
-    index=ScaleQuantumToShort(*indexes);
-  signature=pixel_list->lists[4].nodes[index].signature;
-  if (signature == pixel_list->signature)
-    pixel_list->lists[4].nodes[index].count++;
-  else
-    AddNodeMedianPixelList(pixel_list,4,index);
-}
-
-static void ResetMedianPixelList(MedianPixelList *pixel_list)
-{
-  int
-    level;
-
-  register long
-    channel;
-
-  register MedianListNode
-    *root;
-
-  register MedianSkipList
-    *list;
+    bias;
 
-  /*
-    Reset the skip-list.
-  */
-  for (channel=0; channel < 5; channel++)
-  {
-    list=pixel_list->lists+channel;
-    root=list->nodes+65536UL;
-    list->level=0;
-    for (level=0; level < 9; level++)
-      root->next[level]=65536UL;
-  }
-  pixel_list->seed=pixel_list->signature++;
-}
+  OffsetInfo
+    *offset;
 
-MagickExport Image *MedianFilterImage(const Image *image,const double radius,
-  ExceptionInfo *exception)
-{
-#define MedianFilterImageTag  "MedianFilter/Image"
+  PointInfo
+    point;
 
-  CacheView
-    *image_view,
-    *median_view;
+  register ssize_t
+    i;
 
-  Image
-    *median_image;
+  size_t
+    width;
 
-  long
-    progress,
+  ssize_t
     y;
 
-  MagickBooleanType
-    status;
-
-  MedianPixelList
-    **restrict pixel_list;
-
-  unsigned long
-    width;
-
-  /*
-    Initialize median image attributes.
-  */
   assert(image != (Image *) NULL);
   assert(image->signature == MagickSignature);
   if (image->debug != MagickFalse)
     (void) LogMagickEvent(TraceEvent,GetMagickModule(),"%s",image->filename);
   assert(exception != (ExceptionInfo *) NULL);
-  assert(exception->signature == MagickSignature);
-  width=GetOptimalKernelWidth2D(radius,0.5);
-  if ((image->columns < width) || (image->rows < width))
-    ThrowImageException(OptionError,"ImageSmallerThanKernelRadius");
-  median_image=CloneImage(image,image->columns,image->rows,MagickTrue,
-    exception);
-  if (median_image == (Image *) NULL)
-    return((Image *) NULL);
-  if (SetImageStorageClass(median_image,DirectClass) == MagickFalse)
+  width=GetOptimalKernelWidth1D(radius,sigma);
+  kernel=GetMotionBlurKernel(width,sigma);
+  if (kernel == (double *) NULL)
+    ThrowImageException(ResourceLimitError,"MemoryAllocationFailed");
+  offset=(OffsetInfo *) AcquireQuantumMemory(width,sizeof(*offset));
+  if (offset == (OffsetInfo *) NULL)
+    {
+      kernel=(double *) RelinquishMagickMemory(kernel);
+      ThrowImageException(ResourceLimitError,"MemoryAllocationFailed");
+    }
+  blur_image=CloneImage(image,0,0,MagickTrue,exception);
+  if (blur_image == (Image *) NULL)
     {
-      InheritException(exception,&median_image->exception);
-      median_image=DestroyImage(median_image);
+      kernel=(double *) RelinquishMagickMemory(kernel);
+      offset=(OffsetInfo *) RelinquishMagickMemory(offset);
       return((Image *) NULL);
     }
-  pixel_list=AcquireMedianPixelListThreadSet(width);
-  if (pixel_list == (MedianPixelList **) NULL)
+  if (SetImageStorageClass(blur_image,DirectClass) == MagickFalse)
     {
-      median_image=DestroyImage(median_image);
-      ThrowImageException(ResourceLimitError,"MemoryAllocationFailed");
+      kernel=(double *) RelinquishMagickMemory(kernel);
+      offset=(OffsetInfo *) RelinquishMagickMemory(offset);
+      InheritException(exception,&blur_image->exception);
+      blur_image=DestroyImage(blur_image);
+      return((Image *) NULL);
     }
+  point.x=(double) width*sin(DegreesToRadians(angle));
+  point.y=(double) width*cos(DegreesToRadians(angle));
+  for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) width; i++)
+  {
+    offset[i].x=(ssize_t) ceil((double) (i*point.y)/hypot(point.x,point.y)-0.5);
+    offset[i].y=(ssize_t) ceil((double) (i*point.x)/hypot(point.x,point.y)-0.5);
+  }
   /*
-    Median filter each image row.
+    Motion blur image.
   */
   status=MagickTrue;
   progress=0;
+  GetMagickPixelPacket(image,&bias);
   image_view=AcquireCacheView(image);
-  median_view=AcquireCacheView(median_image);
+  blur_view=AcquireCacheView(blur_image);
 #if defined(MAGICKCORE_OPENMP_SUPPORT)
-  #pragma omp parallel for schedule(dynamic,4) shared(progress,status)
+  #pragma omp parallel for schedule(dynamic,4) shared(progress,status) omp_throttle(1)
 #endif
-  for (y=0; y < (long) median_image->rows; y++)
+  for (y=0; y < (ssize_t) image->rows; y++)
   {
-    register const IndexPacket
-      *restrict indexes;
-
-    register const PixelPacket
-      *restrict p;
-
     register IndexPacket
-      *restrict median_indexes;
-
-    register long
-      id,
-      x;
+      *restrict blur_indexes;
 
     register PixelPacket
       *restrict q;
 
+    register ssize_t
+      x;
+
     if (status == MagickFalse)
       continue;
-    p=GetCacheViewVirtualPixels(image_view,-((long) width/2L),y-(long) (width/
-      2L),image->columns+width,width,exception);
-    q=QueueCacheViewAuthenticPixels(median_view,0,y,median_image->columns,1,
+    q=GetCacheViewAuthenticPixels(blur_view,0,y,blur_image->columns,1,
       exception);
-    if ((p == (const PixelPacket *) NULL) || (q == (PixelPacket *) NULL))
+    if (q == (PixelPacket *) NULL)
       {
         status=MagickFalse;
         continue;
       }
-    indexes=GetCacheViewVirtualIndexQueue(image_view);
-    median_indexes=GetCacheViewAuthenticIndexQueue(median_view);
-    id=GetOpenMPThreadId();
-    for (x=0; x < (long) median_image->columns; x++)
+    blur_indexes=GetCacheViewAuthenticIndexQueue(blur_view);
+    for (x=0; x < (ssize_t) image->columns; x++)
     {
       MagickPixelPacket
-        pixel;
+        qixel;
 
-      register const PixelPacket
-        *restrict r;
+      PixelPacket
+        pixel;
 
       register const IndexPacket
-        *restrict s;
+        *restrict indexes;
 
-      register long
-        u,
-        v;
+      register double
+        *restrict k;
 
-      r=p;
-      s=indexes+x;
-      ResetMedianPixelList(pixel_list[id]);
-      for (v=0; v < (long) width; v++)
-      {
-        for (u=0; u < (long) width; u++)
-          InsertMedianPixelList(image,r+u,s+u,pixel_list[id]);
-        r+=image->columns+width;
-        s+=image->columns+width;
-      }
-      pixel=GetMedianPixelList(pixel_list[id]);
-      SetPixelPacket(median_image,&pixel,q,median_indexes+x);
-      p++;
-      q++;
-    }
-    if (SyncCacheViewAuthenticPixels(median_view,exception) == MagickFalse)
-      status=MagickFalse;
-    if (image->progress_monitor != (MagickProgressMonitor) NULL)
-      {
-        MagickBooleanType
-          proceed;
-
-#if defined(MAGICKCORE_OPENMP_SUPPORT)
-  #pragma omp critical (MagickCore_MedianFilterImage)
-#endif
-        proceed=SetImageProgress(image,MedianFilterImageTag,progress++,
-          image->rows);
-        if (proceed == MagickFalse)
-          status=MagickFalse;
-      }
-  }
-  median_view=DestroyCacheView(median_view);
-  image_view=DestroyCacheView(image_view);
-  pixel_list=DestroyMedianPixelListThreadSet(pixel_list);
-  return(median_image);
-}
-\f
-/*
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-%                                                                             %
-%                                                                             %
-%                                                                             %
-%     M o t i o n B l u r I m a g e                                           %
-%                                                                             %
-%                                                                             %
-%                                                                             %
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-%
-%  MotionBlurImage() simulates motion blur.  We convolve the image with a
-%  Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (sigma).
-%  For reasonable results, radius should be larger than sigma.  Use a
-%  radius of 0 and MotionBlurImage() selects a suitable radius for you.
-%  Angle gives the angle of the blurring motion.
-%
-%  Andrew Protano contributed this effect.
-%
-%  The format of the MotionBlurImage method is:
-%
-%    Image *MotionBlurImage(const Image *image,const double radius,
-%      const double sigma,const double angle,ExceptionInfo *exception)
-%    Image *MotionBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,const ChannelType channel,
-%      const double radius,const double sigma,const double angle,
-%      ExceptionInfo *exception)
-%
-%  A description of each parameter follows:
-%
-%    o image: the image.
-%
-%    o channel: the channel type.
-%
-%    o radius: the radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center
-%    o radius: the radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting
-%      the center pixel.
-%
-%    o sigma: the standard deviation of the Gaussian, in pixels.
-%
-%    o angle: Apply the effect along this angle.
-%
-%    o exception: return any errors or warnings in this structure.
-%
-*/
-
-static double *GetMotionBlurKernel(const unsigned long width,const double sigma)
-{
-  double
-    *kernel,
-    normalize;
-
-  register long
-    i;
-
-  /*
-   Generate a 1-D convolution kernel.
-  */
-  (void) LogMagickEvent(TraceEvent,GetMagickModule(),"...");
-  kernel=(double *) AcquireQuantumMemory((size_t) width,sizeof(*kernel));
-  if (kernel == (double *) NULL)
-    return(kernel);
-  normalize=0.0;
-  for (i=0; i < (long) width; i++)
-  {
-    kernel[i]=exp((-((double) i*i)/(double) (2.0*MagickSigma*MagickSigma)))/
-      (MagickSQ2PI*MagickSigma);
-    normalize+=kernel[i];
-  }
-  for (i=0; i < (long) width; i++)
-    kernel[i]/=normalize;
-  return(kernel);
-}
-
-MagickExport Image *MotionBlurImage(const Image *image,const double radius,
-  const double sigma,const double angle,ExceptionInfo *exception)
-{
-  Image
-    *motion_blur;
-
-  motion_blur=MotionBlurImageChannel(image,DefaultChannels,radius,sigma,angle,
-    exception);
-  return(motion_blur);
-}
-
-MagickExport Image *MotionBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
-  const ChannelType channel,const double radius,const double sigma,
-  const double angle,ExceptionInfo *exception)
-{
-  CacheView
-    *blur_view,
-    *image_view;
-
-  double
-    *kernel;
-
-  Image
-    *blur_image;
-
-  long
-    progress,
-    y;
-
-  MagickBooleanType
-    status;
-
-  MagickPixelPacket
-    bias;
-
-  OffsetInfo
-    *offset;
-
-  PointInfo
-    point;
-
-  register long
-    i;
-
-  unsigned long
-    width;
-
-  assert(image != (Image *) NULL);
-  assert(image->signature == MagickSignature);
-  if (image->debug != MagickFalse)
-    (void) LogMagickEvent(TraceEvent,GetMagickModule(),"%s",image->filename);
-  assert(exception != (ExceptionInfo *) NULL);
-  width=GetOptimalKernelWidth1D(radius,sigma);
-  kernel=GetMotionBlurKernel(width,sigma);
-  if (kernel == (double *) NULL)
-    ThrowImageException(ResourceLimitError,"MemoryAllocationFailed");
-  offset=(OffsetInfo *) AcquireQuantumMemory(width,sizeof(*offset));
-  if (offset == (OffsetInfo *) NULL)
-    {
-      kernel=(double *) RelinquishMagickMemory(kernel);
-      ThrowImageException(ResourceLimitError,"MemoryAllocationFailed");
-    }
-  blur_image=CloneImage(image,0,0,MagickTrue,exception);
-  if (blur_image == (Image *) NULL)
-    {
-      kernel=(double *) RelinquishMagickMemory(kernel);
-      offset=(OffsetInfo *) RelinquishMagickMemory(offset);
-      return((Image *) NULL);
-    }
-  if (SetImageStorageClass(blur_image,DirectClass) == MagickFalse)
-    {
-      kernel=(double *) RelinquishMagickMemory(kernel);
-      offset=(OffsetInfo *) RelinquishMagickMemory(offset);
-      InheritException(exception,&blur_image->exception);
-      blur_image=DestroyImage(blur_image);
-      return((Image *) NULL);
-    }
-  point.x=(double) width*sin(DegreesToRadians(angle));
-  point.y=(double) width*cos(DegreesToRadians(angle));
-  for (i=0; i < (long) width; i++)
-  {
-    offset[i].x=(long) ((i*point.y)/hypot(point.x,point.y)+0.5);
-    offset[i].y=(long) ((i*point.x)/hypot(point.x,point.y)+0.5);
-  }
-  /*
-    Motion blur image.
-  */
-  status=MagickTrue;
-  progress=0;
-  GetMagickPixelPacket(image,&bias);
-  image_view=AcquireCacheView(image);
-  blur_view=AcquireCacheView(blur_image);
-#if defined(MAGICKCORE_OPENMP_SUPPORT)
-  #pragma omp parallel for schedule(static) shared(progress,status)
-#endif
-  for (y=0; y < (long) image->rows; y++)
-  {
-    register IndexPacket
-      *restrict blur_indexes;
-
-    register long
-      x;
-
-    register PixelPacket
-      *restrict q;
-
-    if (status == MagickFalse)
-      continue;
-    q=GetCacheViewAuthenticPixels(blur_view,0,y,blur_image->columns,1,
-      exception);
-    if (q == (PixelPacket *) NULL)
-      {
-        status=MagickFalse;
-        continue;
-      }
-    blur_indexes=GetCacheViewAuthenticIndexQueue(blur_view);
-    for (x=0; x < (long) image->columns; x++)
-    {
-      MagickPixelPacket
-        qixel;
-
-      PixelPacket
-        pixel;
-
-      register double
-        *restrict k;
-
-      register long
+      register ssize_t
         i;
 
-      register const IndexPacket
-        *restrict indexes;
-
       k=kernel;
       qixel=bias;
       if (((channel & OpacityChannel) == 0) || (image->matte == MagickFalse))
         {
-          for (i=0; i < (long) width; i++)
+          for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) width; i++)
           {
             (void) GetOneCacheViewVirtualPixel(image_view,x+offset[i].x,y+
               offset[i].y,&pixel,exception);
@@ -3250,16 +2763,16 @@ MagickExport Image *MotionBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
             k++;
           }
           if ((channel & RedChannel) != 0)
-            q->red=ClampToQuantum(qixel.red);
+            SetRedPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(qixel.red));
           if ((channel & GreenChannel) != 0)
-            q->green=ClampToQuantum(qixel.green);
+            SetGreenPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(qixel.green));
           if ((channel & BlueChannel) != 0)
-            q->blue=ClampToQuantum(qixel.blue);
+            SetBluePixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(qixel.blue));
           if ((channel & OpacityChannel) != 0)
-            q->opacity=ClampToQuantum(qixel.opacity);
+            SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(qixel.opacity));
           if (((channel & IndexChannel) != 0) &&
               (image->colorspace == CMYKColorspace))
-            blur_indexes[x]=(IndexPacket) ClampToQuantum(qixel.index);
+            SetIndexPixelComponent(blur_indexes+x,ClampToQuantum(qixel.index));
         }
       else
         {
@@ -3269,11 +2782,12 @@ MagickExport Image *MotionBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
 
           alpha=0.0;
           gamma=0.0;
-          for (i=0; i < (long) width; i++)
+          for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) width; i++)
           {
             (void) GetOneCacheViewVirtualPixel(image_view,x+offset[i].x,y+
               offset[i].y,&pixel,exception);
-            alpha=(MagickRealType) (QuantumScale*GetAlphaPixelComponent(&pixel));
+            alpha=(MagickRealType) (QuantumScale*
+              GetAlphaPixelComponent(&pixel));
             qixel.red+=(*k)*alpha*pixel.red;
             qixel.green+=(*k)*alpha*pixel.green;
             qixel.blue+=(*k)*alpha*pixel.blue;
@@ -3281,23 +2795,24 @@ MagickExport Image *MotionBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
             if (image->colorspace == CMYKColorspace)
               {
                 indexes=GetCacheViewVirtualIndexQueue(image_view);
-                qixel.index+=(*k)*alpha*(*indexes);
+                qixel.index+=(*k)*alpha*GetIndexPixelComponent(indexes);
               }
             gamma+=(*k)*alpha;
             k++;
           }
           gamma=1.0/(fabs((double) gamma) <= MagickEpsilon ? 1.0 : gamma);
           if ((channel & RedChannel) != 0)
-            q->red=ClampToQuantum(gamma*qixel.red);
+            SetRedPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*qixel.red));
           if ((channel & GreenChannel) != 0)
-            q->green=ClampToQuantum(gamma*qixel.green);
+            SetGreenPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*qixel.green));
           if ((channel & BlueChannel) != 0)
-            q->blue=ClampToQuantum(gamma*qixel.blue);
+            SetBluePixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*qixel.blue));
           if ((channel & OpacityChannel) != 0)
-            q->opacity=ClampToQuantum(qixel.opacity);
+            SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(qixel.opacity));
           if (((channel & IndexChannel) != 0) &&
               (image->colorspace == CMYKColorspace))
-            blur_indexes[x]=(IndexPacket) ClampToQuantum(gamma*qixel.index);
+            SetIndexPixelComponent(blur_indexes+x,ClampToQuantum(gamma*
+              qixel.index));
         }
       q++;
     }
@@ -3383,9 +2898,6 @@ MagickExport Image *PreviewImage(const Image *image,const PreviewType preview,
   ImageInfo
     *preview_info;
 
-  long
-    y;
-
   MagickBooleanType
     proceed;
 
@@ -3398,13 +2910,16 @@ MagickExport Image *PreviewImage(const Image *image,const PreviewType preview,
   RectangleInfo
     geometry;
 
-  register long
+  register ssize_t
     i,
     x;
 
-  unsigned long
+  size_t
     colors;
 
+  ssize_t
+    y;
+
   /*
     Open output image file.
   */
@@ -3460,10 +2975,11 @@ MagickExport Image *PreviewImage(const Image *image,const PreviewType preview,
       }
       case RollPreview:
       {
-        x=(long) ((i+1)*thumbnail->columns)/NumberTiles;
-        y=(long) ((i+1)*thumbnail->rows)/NumberTiles;
+        x=(ssize_t) ((i+1)*thumbnail->columns)/NumberTiles;
+        y=(ssize_t) ((i+1)*thumbnail->rows)/NumberTiles;
         preview_image=RollImage(thumbnail,x,y,exception);
-        (void) FormatMagickString(label,MaxTextExtent,"roll %ldx%ld",x,y);
+        (void) FormatMagickString(label,MaxTextExtent,"roll %+.20gx%+.20g",
+          (double) x,(double) y);
         break;
       }
       case HuePreview:
@@ -3515,7 +3031,8 @@ MagickExport Image *PreviewImage(const Image *image,const PreviewType preview,
         if (preview_image != (Image *) NULL)
           for (x=0; x < i; x++)
             (void) ContrastImage(preview_image,MagickTrue);
-        (void) FormatMagickString(label,MaxTextExtent,"contrast (%ld)",i+1);
+        (void) FormatMagickString(label,MaxTextExtent,"contrast (%.20g)",
+          (double) i+1);
         break;
       }
       case DullPreview:
@@ -3525,7 +3042,8 @@ MagickExport Image *PreviewImage(const Image *image,const PreviewType preview,
           break;
         for (x=0; x < i; x++)
           (void) ContrastImage(preview_image,MagickFalse);
-        (void) FormatMagickString(label,MaxTextExtent,"+contrast (%ld)",i+1);
+        (void) FormatMagickString(label,MaxTextExtent,"+contrast (%.20g)",
+          (double) i+1);
         break;
       }
       case GrayscalePreview:
@@ -3538,7 +3056,7 @@ MagickExport Image *PreviewImage(const Image *image,const PreviewType preview,
         quantize_info.colorspace=GRAYColorspace;
         (void) QuantizeImage(&quantize_info,preview_image);
         (void) FormatMagickString(label,MaxTextExtent,
-          "-colorspace gray -colors %ld",colors);
+          "-colorspace gray -colors %.20g",(double) colors);
         break;
       }
       case QuantizePreview:
@@ -3549,7 +3067,8 @@ MagickExport Image *PreviewImage(const Image *image,const PreviewType preview,
         colors<<=1;
         quantize_info.number_colors=colors;
         (void) QuantizeImage(&quantize_info,preview_image);
-        (void) FormatMagickString(label,MaxTextExtent,"colors %ld",colors);
+        (void) FormatMagickString(label,MaxTextExtent,"colors %.20g",(double)
+          colors);
         break;
       }
       case DespecklePreview:
@@ -3565,12 +3084,14 @@ MagickExport Image *PreviewImage(const Image *image,const PreviewType preview,
         preview_image=DespeckleImage(thumbnail,exception);
         if (preview_image == (Image *) NULL)
           break;
-        (void) FormatMagickString(label,MaxTextExtent,"despeckle (%ld)",i+1);
+        (void) FormatMagickString(label,MaxTextExtent,"despeckle (%.20g)",
+          (double) i+1);
         break;
       }
       case ReduceNoisePreview:
       {
-        preview_image=ReduceNoiseImage(thumbnail,radius,exception);
+        preview_image=StatisticImage(thumbnail,NonpeakStatistic,(size_t) radius,
+          (size_t) radius,exception);
         (void) FormatMagickString(label,MaxTextExtent,"noise %g",radius);
         break;
       }
@@ -3614,7 +3135,8 @@ MagickExport Image *PreviewImage(const Image *image,const PreviewType preview,
             break;
           }
         }
-        preview_image=ReduceNoiseImage(thumbnail,(double) i,exception);
+        preview_image=StatisticImage(thumbnail,NonpeakStatistic,(size_t) i,
+          (size_t) i,exception);
         (void) FormatMagickString(label,MaxTextExtent,"+noise %s",factor);
         break;
       }
@@ -3681,13 +3203,14 @@ MagickExport Image *PreviewImage(const Image *image,const PreviewType preview,
         preview_image=CloneImage(thumbnail,0,0,MagickTrue,exception);
         if (preview_image == (Image *) NULL)
           break;
-        geometry.width=(unsigned long) (2*i+2);
-        geometry.height=(unsigned long) (2*i+2);
+        geometry.width=(size_t) (2*i+2);
+        geometry.height=(size_t) (2*i+2);
         geometry.x=i/2;
         geometry.y=i/2;
         (void) RaiseImage(preview_image,&geometry,MagickTrue);
-        (void) FormatMagickString(label,MaxTextExtent,"raise %lux%lu%+ld%+ld",
-          geometry.width,geometry.height,geometry.x,geometry.y);
+        (void) FormatMagickString(label,MaxTextExtent,
+          "raise %.20gx%.20g%+.20g%+.20g",(double) geometry.width,(double)
+          geometry.height,(double) geometry.x,(double) geometry.y);
         break;
       }
       case SegmentPreview:
@@ -3752,8 +3275,8 @@ MagickExport Image *PreviewImage(const Image *image,const PreviewType preview,
         preview_image=CloneImage(thumbnail,0,0,MagickTrue,exception);
         if (preview_image == (Image *) NULL)
           break;
-        preview_info->quality=(unsigned long) percentage;
-        (void) FormatMagickString(factor,MaxTextExtent,"%lu",
+        preview_info->quality=(size_t) percentage;
+        (void) FormatMagickString(factor,MaxTextExtent,"%.20g",(double)
           preview_info->quality);
         file=AcquireUniqueFileResource(filename);
         if (file != -1)
@@ -3786,8 +3309,8 @@ MagickExport Image *PreviewImage(const Image *image,const PreviewType preview,
               "quality %s\n%gkb ",factor,(double) ((MagickOffsetType)
               GetBlobSize(preview_image))/1024.0);
           else
-            (void) FormatMagickString(label,MaxTextExtent,"quality %s\n%lub ",
-              factor,(unsigned long) GetBlobSize(thumbnail));
+            (void) FormatMagickString(label,MaxTextExtent,"quality %s\n%.20gb ",
+              factor,(double) GetBlobSize(thumbnail));
         break;
       }
     }
@@ -3800,7 +3323,8 @@ MagickExport Image *PreviewImage(const Image *image,const PreviewType preview,
     (void) DeleteImageProperty(preview_image,"label");
     (void) SetImageProperty(preview_image,"label",label);
     AppendImageToList(&images,preview_image);
-    proceed=SetImageProgress(image,PreviewImageTag,i,NumberTiles);
+    proceed=SetImageProgress(image,PreviewImageTag,(MagickOffsetType) i,
+      NumberTiles);
     if (proceed == MagickFalse)
       break;
   }
@@ -3892,13 +3416,12 @@ MagickExport Image *RadialBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
   Image
     *blur_image;
 
-  long
-    progress,
-    y;
-
   MagickBooleanType
     status;
 
+  MagickOffsetType
+    progress;
+
   MagickPixelPacket
     bias;
 
@@ -3912,12 +3435,15 @@ MagickExport Image *RadialBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
   PointInfo
     blur_center;
 
-  register long
+  register ssize_t
     i;
 
-  unsigned long
+  size_t
     n;
 
+  ssize_t
+    y;
+
   /*
     Allocate blur image.
   */
@@ -3939,8 +3465,7 @@ MagickExport Image *RadialBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
   blur_center.x=(double) image->columns/2.0;
   blur_center.y=(double) image->rows/2.0;
   blur_radius=hypot(blur_center.x,blur_center.y);
-  n=(unsigned long) fabs(4.0*DegreesToRadians(angle)*sqrt((double) blur_radius)+
-    2UL);
+  n=(size_t) fabs(4.0*DegreesToRadians(angle)*sqrt((double) blur_radius)+2UL);
   theta=DegreesToRadians(angle)/(MagickRealType) (n-1);
   cos_theta=(MagickRealType *) AcquireQuantumMemory((size_t) n,
     sizeof(*cos_theta));
@@ -3953,7 +3478,7 @@ MagickExport Image *RadialBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
       ThrowImageException(ResourceLimitError,"MemoryAllocationFailed");
     }
   offset=theta*(MagickRealType) (n-1)/2.0;
-  for (i=0; i < (long) n; i++)
+  for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) n; i++)
   {
     cos_theta[i]=cos((double) (theta*i-offset));
     sin_theta[i]=sin((double) (theta*i-offset));
@@ -3969,7 +3494,7 @@ MagickExport Image *RadialBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
 #if defined(MAGICKCORE_OPENMP_SUPPORT)
   #pragma omp parallel for schedule(dynamic,4) shared(progress,status)
 #endif
-  for (y=0; y < (long) blur_image->rows; y++)
+  for (y=0; y < (ssize_t) blur_image->rows; y++)
   {
     register const IndexPacket
       *restrict indexes;
@@ -3977,12 +3502,12 @@ MagickExport Image *RadialBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
     register IndexPacket
       *restrict blur_indexes;
 
-    register long
-      x;
-
     register PixelPacket
       *restrict q;
 
+    register ssize_t
+      x;
+
     if (status == MagickFalse)
       continue;
     q=GetCacheViewAuthenticPixels(blur_view,0,y,blur_image->columns,1,
@@ -3993,7 +3518,7 @@ MagickExport Image *RadialBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
         continue;
       }
     blur_indexes=GetCacheViewAuthenticIndexQueue(blur_view);
-    for (x=0; x < (long) blur_image->columns; x++)
+    for (x=0; x < (ssize_t) blur_image->columns; x++)
     {
       MagickPixelPacket
         qixel;
@@ -4008,10 +3533,10 @@ MagickExport Image *RadialBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
       PointInfo
         center;
 
-      register long
+      register ssize_t
         i;
 
-      unsigned long
+      size_t
         step;
 
       center.x=(double) x-blur_center.x;
@@ -4021,7 +3546,7 @@ MagickExport Image *RadialBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
         step=1;
       else
         {
-          step=(unsigned long) (blur_radius/radius);
+          step=(size_t) (blur_radius/radius);
           if (step == 0)
             step=1;
           else
@@ -4032,12 +3557,12 @@ MagickExport Image *RadialBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
       qixel=bias;
       if (((channel & OpacityChannel) == 0) || (image->matte == MagickFalse))
         {
-          for (i=0; i < (long) n; i+=step)
+          for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) n; i+=(ssize_t) step)
           {
-            (void) GetOneCacheViewVirtualPixel(image_view,(long) (blur_center.x+
-              center.x*cos_theta[i]-center.y*sin_theta[i]+0.5),(long) (
-              blur_center.y+center.x*sin_theta[i]+center.y*cos_theta[i]+0.5),
-              &pixel,exception);
+            (void) GetOneCacheViewVirtualPixel(image_view,(ssize_t)
+              (blur_center.x+center.x*cos_theta[i]-center.y*sin_theta[i]+0.5),
+              (ssize_t) (blur_center.y+center.x*sin_theta[i]+center.y*
+              cos_theta[i]+0.5),&pixel,exception);
             qixel.red+=pixel.red;
             qixel.green+=pixel.green;
             qixel.blue+=pixel.blue;
@@ -4052,16 +3577,17 @@ MagickExport Image *RadialBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
           normalize=1.0/(fabs((double) normalize) <= MagickEpsilon ? 1.0 :
             normalize);
           if ((channel & RedChannel) != 0)
-            q->red=ClampToQuantum(normalize*qixel.red);
+            SetRedPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(normalize*qixel.red));
           if ((channel & GreenChannel) != 0)
-            q->green=ClampToQuantum(normalize*qixel.green);
+            SetGreenPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(normalize*qixel.green));
           if ((channel & BlueChannel) != 0)
-            q->blue=ClampToQuantum(normalize*qixel.blue);
+            SetBluePixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(normalize*qixel.blue));
           if ((channel & OpacityChannel) != 0)
-            q->opacity=ClampToQuantum(normalize*qixel.opacity);
+            SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(normalize*qixel.opacity));
           if (((channel & IndexChannel) != 0) &&
               (image->colorspace == CMYKColorspace))
-            blur_indexes[x]=(IndexPacket) ClampToQuantum(normalize*qixel.index);
+            SetIndexPixelComponent(blur_indexes+x,ClampToQuantum(normalize*
+              qixel.index));
         }
       else
         {
@@ -4071,12 +3597,12 @@ MagickExport Image *RadialBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
 
           alpha=1.0;
           gamma=0.0;
-          for (i=0; i < (long) n; i+=step)
+          for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) n; i+=(ssize_t) step)
           {
-            (void) GetOneCacheViewVirtualPixel(image_view,(long) (blur_center.x+
-              center.x*cos_theta[i]-center.y*sin_theta[i]+0.5),(long) (
-              blur_center.y+center.x*sin_theta[i]+center.y*cos_theta[i]+0.5),
-              &pixel,exception);
+            (void) GetOneCacheViewVirtualPixel(image_view,(ssize_t)
+              (blur_center.x+center.x*cos_theta[i]-center.y*sin_theta[i]+0.5),
+              (ssize_t) (blur_center.y+center.x*sin_theta[i]+center.y*
+              cos_theta[i]+0.5),&pixel,exception);
             alpha=(MagickRealType) (QuantumScale*
               GetAlphaPixelComponent(&pixel));
             qixel.red+=alpha*pixel.red;
@@ -4095,16 +3621,17 @@ MagickExport Image *RadialBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
           normalize=1.0/(fabs((double) normalize) <= MagickEpsilon ? 1.0 :
             normalize);
           if ((channel & RedChannel) != 0)
-            q->red=ClampToQuantum(gamma*qixel.red);
+            SetRedPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*qixel.red));
           if ((channel & GreenChannel) != 0)
-            q->green=ClampToQuantum(gamma*qixel.green);
+            SetGreenPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*qixel.green));
           if ((channel & BlueChannel) != 0)
-            q->blue=ClampToQuantum(gamma*qixel.blue);
+            SetBluePixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*qixel.blue));
           if ((channel & OpacityChannel) != 0)
-            q->opacity=ClampToQuantum(normalize*qixel.opacity);
+            SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(normalize*qixel.opacity));
           if (((channel & IndexChannel) != 0) &&
               (image->colorspace == CMYKColorspace))
-            blur_indexes[x]=(IndexPacket) ClampToQuantum(gamma*qixel.index);
+            SetIndexPixelComponent(blur_indexes+x,ClampToQuantum(gamma*
+              qixel.index));
         }
       q++;
     }
@@ -4137,288 +3664,55 @@ MagickExport Image *RadialBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
 %                                                                             %
 %                                                                             %
 %                                                                             %
-%     R e d u c e N o i s e I m a g e                                         %
+%     S e l e c t i v e B l u r I m a g e                                     %
 %                                                                             %
 %                                                                             %
 %                                                                             %
 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
 %
-%  ReduceNoiseImage() smooths the contours of an image while still preserving
-%  edge information.  The algorithm works by replacing each pixel with its
-%  neighbor closest in value.  A neighbor is defined by radius.  Use a radius
-%  of 0 and ReduceNoise() selects a suitable radius for you.
+%  SelectiveBlurImage() selectively blur pixels within a contrast threshold.
+%  It is similar to the unsharpen mask that sharpens everything with contrast
+%  above a certain threshold.
 %
-%  The format of the ReduceNoiseImage method is:
+%  The format of the SelectiveBlurImage method is:
 %
-%      Image *ReduceNoiseImage(const Image *image,const double radius,
-%        ExceptionInfo *exception)
+%      Image *SelectiveBlurImage(const Image *image,const double radius,
+%        const double sigma,const double threshold,ExceptionInfo *exception)
+%      Image *SelectiveBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
+%        const ChannelType channel,const double radius,const double sigma,
+%        const double threshold,ExceptionInfo *exception)
 %
 %  A description of each parameter follows:
 %
 %    o image: the image.
 %
-%    o radius: the radius of the pixel neighborhood.
+%    o channel: the channel type.
+%
+%    o radius: the radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center
+%      pixel.
+%
+%    o sigma: the standard deviation of the Gaussian, in pixels.
+%
+%    o threshold: only pixels within this contrast threshold are included
+%      in the blur operation.
 %
 %    o exception: return any errors or warnings in this structure.
 %
 */
 
-static MagickPixelPacket GetNonpeakMedianPixelList(MedianPixelList *pixel_list)
+static inline MagickBooleanType SelectiveContrast(const PixelPacket *p,
+  const PixelPacket *q,const double threshold)
 {
-  MagickPixelPacket
-    pixel;
+  if (fabs(PixelIntensity(p)-PixelIntensity(q)) < threshold)
+    return(MagickTrue);
+  return(MagickFalse);
+}
 
-  register long
-    channel;
-
-  register MedianSkipList
-    *list;
-
-  unsigned long
-    center,
-    color,
-    count,
-    previous,
-    next;
-
-  unsigned short
-    channels[5];
-
-  /*
-    Finds the median value for each of the color.
-  */
-  center=pixel_list->center;
-  for (channel=0; channel < 5; channel++)
-  {
-    list=pixel_list->lists+channel;
-    color=65536UL;
-    next=list->nodes[color].next[0];
-    count=0;
-    do
-    {
-      previous=color;
-      color=next;
-      next=list->nodes[color].next[0];
-      count+=list->nodes[color].count;
-    }
-    while (count <= center);
-    if ((previous == 65536UL) && (next != 65536UL))
-      color=next;
-    else
-      if ((previous != 65536UL) && (next == 65536UL))
-        color=previous;
-    channels[channel]=(unsigned short) color;
-  }
-  GetMagickPixelPacket((const Image *) NULL,&pixel);
-  pixel.red=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[0]);
-  pixel.green=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[1]);
-  pixel.blue=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[2]);
-  pixel.opacity=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[3]);
-  pixel.index=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[4]);
-  return(pixel);
-}
-
-MagickExport Image *ReduceNoiseImage(const Image *image,const double radius,
-  ExceptionInfo *exception)
-{
-#define ReduceNoiseImageTag  "ReduceNoise/Image"
-
-  CacheView
-    *image_view,
-    *noise_view;
-
-  Image
-    *noise_image;
-
-  long
-    progress,
-    y;
-
-  MagickBooleanType
-    status;
-
-  MedianPixelList
-    **restrict pixel_list;
-
-  unsigned long
-    width;
-
-  /*
-    Initialize noise image attributes.
-  */
-  assert(image != (Image *) NULL);
-  assert(image->signature == MagickSignature);
-  if (image->debug != MagickFalse)
-    (void) LogMagickEvent(TraceEvent,GetMagickModule(),"%s",image->filename);
-  assert(exception != (ExceptionInfo *) NULL);
-  assert(exception->signature == MagickSignature);
-  width=GetOptimalKernelWidth2D(radius,0.5);
-  if ((image->columns < width) || (image->rows < width))
-    ThrowImageException(OptionError,"ImageSmallerThanKernelRadius");
-  noise_image=CloneImage(image,image->columns,image->rows,MagickTrue,
-    exception);
-  if (noise_image == (Image *) NULL)
-    return((Image *) NULL);
-  if (SetImageStorageClass(noise_image,DirectClass) == MagickFalse)
-    {
-      InheritException(exception,&noise_image->exception);
-      noise_image=DestroyImage(noise_image);
-      return((Image *) NULL);
-    }
-  pixel_list=AcquireMedianPixelListThreadSet(width);
-  if (pixel_list == (MedianPixelList **) NULL)
-    {
-      noise_image=DestroyImage(noise_image);
-      ThrowImageException(ResourceLimitError,"MemoryAllocationFailed");
-    }
-  /*
-    Reduce noise image.
-  */
-  status=MagickTrue;
-  progress=0;
-  image_view=AcquireCacheView(image);
-  noise_view=AcquireCacheView(noise_image);
-#if defined(MAGICKCORE_OPENMP_SUPPORT)
-  #pragma omp parallel for schedule(dynamic,4) shared(progress,status)
-#endif
-  for (y=0; y < (long) noise_image->rows; y++)
-  {
-    register const IndexPacket
-      *restrict indexes;
-
-    register const PixelPacket
-      *restrict p;
-
-    register IndexPacket
-      *restrict noise_indexes;
-
-    register long
-      id,
-      x;
-
-    register PixelPacket
-      *restrict q;
-
-    if (status == MagickFalse)
-      continue;
-    p=GetCacheViewVirtualPixels(image_view,-((long) width/2L),y-(long) (width/
-      2L),image->columns+width,width,exception);
-    q=QueueCacheViewAuthenticPixels(noise_view,0,y,noise_image->columns,1,
-      exception);
-    if ((p == (const PixelPacket *) NULL) || (q == (PixelPacket *) NULL))
-      {
-        status=MagickFalse;
-        continue;
-      }
-    indexes=GetCacheViewVirtualIndexQueue(image_view);
-    noise_indexes=GetCacheViewAuthenticIndexQueue(noise_view);
-    id=GetOpenMPThreadId();
-    for (x=0; x < (long) noise_image->columns; x++)
-    {
-      MagickPixelPacket
-        pixel;
-
-      register const PixelPacket
-        *restrict r;
-
-      register const IndexPacket
-        *restrict s;
-
-      register long
-        u,
-        v;
-
-      r=p;
-      s=indexes+x;
-      ResetMedianPixelList(pixel_list[id]);
-      for (v=0; v < (long) width; v++)
-      {
-        for (u=0; u < (long) width; u++)
-          InsertMedianPixelList(image,r+u,s+u,pixel_list[id]);
-        r+=image->columns+width;
-        s+=image->columns+width;
-      }
-      pixel=GetNonpeakMedianPixelList(pixel_list[id]);
-      SetPixelPacket(noise_image,&pixel,q,noise_indexes+x);
-      p++;
-      q++;
-    }
-    if (SyncCacheViewAuthenticPixels(noise_view,exception) == MagickFalse)
-      status=MagickFalse;
-    if (image->progress_monitor != (MagickProgressMonitor) NULL)
-      {
-        MagickBooleanType
-          proceed;
-
-#if defined(MAGICKCORE_OPENMP_SUPPORT)
-  #pragma omp critical (MagickCore_ReduceNoiseImage)
-#endif
-        proceed=SetImageProgress(image,ReduceNoiseImageTag,progress++,
-          image->rows);
-        if (proceed == MagickFalse)
-          status=MagickFalse;
-      }
-  }
-  noise_view=DestroyCacheView(noise_view);
-  image_view=DestroyCacheView(image_view);
-  pixel_list=DestroyMedianPixelListThreadSet(pixel_list);
-  return(noise_image);
-}
-\f
-/*
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-%                                                                             %
-%                                                                             %
-%                                                                             %
-%     S e l e c t i v e B l u r I m a g e                                     %
-%                                                                             %
-%                                                                             %
-%                                                                             %
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-%
-%  SelectiveBlurImage() selectively blur pixels within a contrast threshold.
-%  It is similar to the unsharpen mask that sharpens everything with contrast
-%  above a certain threshold.
-%
-%  The format of the SelectiveBlurImage method is:
-%
-%      Image *SelectiveBlurImage(const Image *image,const double radius,
-%        const double sigma,const double threshold,ExceptionInfo *exception)
-%      Image *SelectiveBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
-%        const ChannelType channel,const double radius,const double sigma,
-%        const double threshold,ExceptionInfo *exception)
-%
-%  A description of each parameter follows:
-%
-%    o image: the image.
-%
-%    o channel: the channel type.
-%
-%    o radius: the radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center
-%      pixel.
-%
-%    o sigma: the standard deviation of the Gaussian, in pixels.
-%
-%    o threshold: only pixels within this contrast threshold are included
-%      in the blur operation.
-%
-%    o exception: return any errors or warnings in this structure.
-%
-*/
-
-static inline MagickBooleanType SelectiveContrast(const PixelPacket *p,
-  const PixelPacket *q,const double threshold)
-{
-  if (fabs(PixelIntensity(p)-PixelIntensity(q)) < threshold)
-    return(MagickTrue);
-  return(MagickFalse);
-}
-
-MagickExport Image *SelectiveBlurImage(const Image *image,const double radius,
-  const double sigma,const double threshold,ExceptionInfo *exception)
-{
-  Image
-    *blur_image;
+MagickExport Image *SelectiveBlurImage(const Image *image,const double radius,
+  const double sigma,const double threshold,ExceptionInfo *exception)
+{
+  Image
+    *blur_image;
 
   blur_image=SelectiveBlurImageChannel(image,DefaultChannels,radius,sigma,
     threshold,exception);
@@ -4441,25 +3735,27 @@ MagickExport Image *SelectiveBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
   Image
     *blur_image;
 
-  long
-    j,
-    progress,
-    u,
-    v,
-    y;
-
   MagickBooleanType
     status;
 
+  MagickOffsetType
+    progress;
+
   MagickPixelPacket
     bias;
 
-  register long
+  register ssize_t
     i;
 
-  unsigned long
+  size_t
     width;
 
+  ssize_t
+    j,
+    u,
+    v,
+    y;
+
   /*
     Initialize blur image attributes.
   */
@@ -4473,13 +3769,13 @@ MagickExport Image *SelectiveBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
   kernel=(double *) AcquireQuantumMemory((size_t) width,width*sizeof(*kernel));
   if (kernel == (double *) NULL)
     ThrowImageException(ResourceLimitError,"MemoryAllocationFailed");
-  j=(long) width/2;
+  j=(ssize_t) width/2;
   i=0;
   for (v=(-j); v <= j; v++)
   {
     for (u=(-j); u <= j; u++)
-      kernel[i++]=exp(-((double) u*u+v*v)/(2.0*MagickSigma*MagickSigma))/
-        (2.0*MagickPI*MagickSigma*MagickSigma);
+      kernel[i++]=(double) (exp(-((double) u*u+v*v)/(2.0*MagickSigma*
+        MagickSigma))/(2.0*MagickPI*MagickSigma*MagickSigma));
   }
   if (image->debug != MagickFalse)
     {
@@ -4487,23 +3783,24 @@ MagickExport Image *SelectiveBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
         format[MaxTextExtent],
         *message;
 
-      long
-        u,
-        v;
-
       register const double
         *k;
 
+      ssize_t
+        u,
+        v;
+
       (void) LogMagickEvent(TransformEvent,GetMagickModule(),
-        "  SelectiveBlurImage with %ldx%ld kernel:",width,width);
+        "  SelectiveBlurImage with %.20gx%.20g kernel:",(double) width,(double)
+        width);
       message=AcquireString("");
       k=kernel;
-      for (v=0; v < (long) width; v++)
+      for (v=0; v < (ssize_t) width; v++)
       {
         *message='\0';
-        (void) FormatMagickString(format,MaxTextExtent,"%ld: ",v);
+        (void) FormatMagickString(format,MaxTextExtent,"%.20g: ",(double) v);
         (void) ConcatenateString(&message,format);
-        for (u=0; u < (long) width; u++)
+        for (u=0; u < (ssize_t) width; u++)
         {
           (void) FormatMagickString(format,MaxTextExtent,"%+f ",*k++);
           (void) ConcatenateString(&message,format);
@@ -4533,7 +3830,7 @@ MagickExport Image *SelectiveBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
 #if defined(MAGICKCORE_OPENMP_SUPPORT)
   #pragma omp parallel for schedule(dynamic,4) shared(progress,status)
 #endif
-  for (y=0; y < (long) image->rows; y++)
+  for (y=0; y < (ssize_t) image->rows; y++)
   {
     MagickBooleanType
       sync;
@@ -4550,16 +3847,16 @@ MagickExport Image *SelectiveBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
     register IndexPacket
       *restrict blur_indexes;
 
-    register long
-      x;
-
     register PixelPacket
       *restrict q;
 
+    register ssize_t
+      x;
+
     if (status == MagickFalse)
       continue;
-    p=GetCacheViewVirtualPixels(image_view,-((long) width/2L),y-(long) (width/
-      2L),image->columns+width,width,exception);
+    p=GetCacheViewVirtualPixels(image_view,-((ssize_t) width/2L),y-(ssize_t)
+      (width/2L),image->columns+width,width,exception);
     q=GetCacheViewAuthenticPixels(blur_view,0,y,blur_image->columns,1,
       exception);
     if ((p == (const PixelPacket *) NULL) || (q == (PixelPacket *) NULL))
@@ -4569,59 +3866,59 @@ MagickExport Image *SelectiveBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
       }
     indexes=GetCacheViewVirtualIndexQueue(image_view);
     blur_indexes=GetCacheViewAuthenticIndexQueue(blur_view);
-    for (x=0; x < (long) image->columns; x++)
+    for (x=0; x < (ssize_t) image->columns; x++)
     {
-      long
-        j,
-        v;
-
       MagickPixelPacket
         pixel;
 
       register const double
         *restrict k;
 
-      register long
+      register ssize_t
         u;
 
+      ssize_t
+        j,
+        v;
+
       pixel=bias;
       k=kernel;
       gamma=0.0;
       j=0;
       if (((channel & OpacityChannel) == 0) || (image->matte == MagickFalse))
         {
-          for (v=0; v < (long) width; v++)
+          for (v=0; v < (ssize_t) width; v++)
           {
-            for (u=0; u < (long) width; u++)
+            for (u=0; u < (ssize_t) width; u++)
             {
               if (SelectiveContrast(p+u+j,q,threshold) != MagickFalse)
                 {
-                  pixel.red+=(*k)*(p+u+j)->red;
-                  pixel.green+=(*k)*(p+u+j)->green;
-                  pixel.blue+=(*k)*(p+u+j)->blue;
+                  pixel.red+=(*k)*GetRedPixelComponent(p+u+j);
+                  pixel.green+=(*k)*GetGreenPixelComponent(p+u+j);
+                  pixel.blue+=(*k)*GetBluePixelComponent(p+u+j);
                   gamma+=(*k);
                   k++;
                 }
             }
-            j+=image->columns+width;
+            j+=(ssize_t) (image->columns+width);
           }
           if (gamma != 0.0)
             {
               gamma=1.0/(fabs((double) gamma) <= MagickEpsilon ? 1.0 : gamma);
               if ((channel & RedChannel) != 0)
-                q->red=ClampToQuantum(gamma*GetRedPixelComponent(&pixel));
+                SetRedPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*pixel.red));
               if ((channel & GreenChannel) != 0)
-                q->green=ClampToQuantum(gamma*GetGreenPixelComponent(&pixel));
+                SetGreenPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*pixel.green));
               if ((channel & BlueChannel) != 0)
-                q->blue=ClampToQuantum(gamma*GetBluePixelComponent(&pixel));
+                SetBluePixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*pixel.blue));
             }
           if ((channel & OpacityChannel) != 0)
             {
               gamma=0.0;
               j=0;
-              for (v=0; v < (long) width; v++)
+              for (v=0; v < (ssize_t) width; v++)
               {
-                for (u=0; u < (long) width; u++)
+                for (u=0; u < (ssize_t) width; u++)
                 {
                   if (SelectiveContrast(p+u+j,q,threshold) != MagickFalse)
                     {
@@ -4630,14 +3927,14 @@ MagickExport Image *SelectiveBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
                       k++;
                     }
                 }
-                j+=image->columns+width;
+                j+=(ssize_t) (image->columns+width);
               }
               if (gamma != 0.0)
                 {
                   gamma=1.0/(fabs((double) gamma) <= MagickEpsilon ? 1.0 :
                     gamma);
                   SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*
-                    GetOpacityPixelComponent(&pixel)));
+                    pixel.opacity));
                 }
             }
           if (((channel & IndexChannel) != 0) &&
@@ -4645,25 +3942,25 @@ MagickExport Image *SelectiveBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
             {
               gamma=0.0;
               j=0;
-              for (v=0; v < (long) width; v++)
+              for (v=0; v < (ssize_t) width; v++)
               {
-                for (u=0; u < (long) width; u++)
+                for (u=0; u < (ssize_t) width; u++)
                 {
                   if (SelectiveContrast(p+u+j,q,threshold) != MagickFalse)
                     {
-                      pixel.index+=(*k)*indexes[x+u+j];
+                      pixel.index+=(*k)*GetIndexPixelComponent(indexes+x+u+j);
                       gamma+=(*k);
                       k++;
                     }
                 }
-                j+=image->columns+width;
+                j+=(ssize_t) (image->columns+width);
               }
               if (gamma != 0.0)
                 {
                   gamma=1.0/(fabs((double) gamma) <= MagickEpsilon ? 1.0 :
                     gamma);
-                  blur_indexes[x]=ClampToQuantum(gamma*
-                    GetIndexPixelComponent(&pixel));
+                  SetIndexPixelComponent(blur_indexes+x,ClampToQuantum(gamma*
+                    pixel.index));
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -4672,57 +3969,56 @@ MagickExport Image *SelectiveBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
           MagickRealType
             alpha;
 
-          for (v=0; v < (long) width; v++)
+          for (v=0; v < (ssize_t) width; v++)
           {
-            for (u=0; u < (long) width; u++)
+            for (u=0; u < (ssize_t) width; u++)
             {
               if (SelectiveContrast(p+u+j,q,threshold) != MagickFalse)
                 {
                   alpha=(MagickRealType) (QuantumScale*
                     GetAlphaPixelComponent(p+u+j));
-                  pixel.red+=(*k)*alpha*(p+u+j)->red;
-                  pixel.green+=(*k)*alpha*(p+u+j)->green;
-                  pixel.blue+=(*k)*alpha*(p+u+j)->blue;
-                  pixel.opacity+=(*k)*(p+u+j)->opacity;
+                  pixel.red+=(*k)*alpha*GetRedPixelComponent(p+u+j);
+                  pixel.green+=(*k)*alpha*GetGreenPixelComponent(p+u+j);
+                  pixel.blue+=(*k)*alpha*GetBluePixelComponent(p+u+j);
+                  pixel.opacity+=(*k)*GetOpacityPixelComponent(p+u+j);
                   gamma+=(*k)*alpha;
                   k++;
                 }
             }
-            j+=image->columns+width;
+            j+=(ssize_t) (image->columns+width);
           }
           if (gamma != 0.0)
             {
               gamma=1.0/(fabs((double) gamma) <= MagickEpsilon ? 1.0 : gamma);
               if ((channel & RedChannel) != 0)
-                q->red=ClampToQuantum(gamma*GetRedPixelComponent(&pixel));
+                SetRedPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*pixel.red));
               if ((channel & GreenChannel) != 0)
-                q->green=ClampToQuantum(gamma*GetGreenPixelComponent(&pixel));
+                SetGreenPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*pixel.green));
               if ((channel & BlueChannel) != 0)
-                q->blue=ClampToQuantum(gamma*GetBluePixelComponent(&pixel));
+                SetBluePixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(gamma*pixel.blue));
             }
           if ((channel & OpacityChannel) != 0)
             {
               gamma=0.0;
               j=0;
-              for (v=0; v < (long) width; v++)
+              for (v=0; v < (ssize_t) width; v++)
               {
-                for (u=0; u < (long) width; u++)
+                for (u=0; u < (ssize_t) width; u++)
                 {
                   if (SelectiveContrast(p+u+j,q,threshold) != MagickFalse)
                     {
-                      pixel.opacity+=(*k)*(p+u+j)->opacity;
+                      pixel.opacity+=(*k)*GetOpacityPixelComponent(p+u+j);
                       gamma+=(*k);
                       k++;
                     }
                 }
-                j+=image->columns+width;
+                j+=(ssize_t) (image->columns+width);
               }
               if (gamma != 0.0)
                 {
                   gamma=1.0/(fabs((double) gamma) <= MagickEpsilon ? 1.0 :
                     gamma);
-                  SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,
-                    ClampOpacityPixelComponent(&pixel));
+                  SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.opacity));
                 }
             }
           if (((channel & IndexChannel) != 0) &&
@@ -4730,27 +4026,28 @@ MagickExport Image *SelectiveBlurImageChannel(const Image *image,
             {
               gamma=0.0;
               j=0;
-              for (v=0; v < (long) width; v++)
+              for (v=0; v < (ssize_t) width; v++)
               {
-                for (u=0; u < (long) width; u++)
+                for (u=0; u < (ssize_t) width; u++)
                 {
                   if (SelectiveContrast(p+u+j,q,threshold) != MagickFalse)
                     {
                       alpha=(MagickRealType) (QuantumScale*
                         GetAlphaPixelComponent(p+u+j));
-                      pixel.index+=(*k)*alpha*indexes[x+u+j];
+                      pixel.index+=(*k)*alpha*GetIndexPixelComponent(indexes+x+
+                        u+j);
                       gamma+=(*k);
                       k++;
                     }
                 }
-                j+=image->columns+width;
+                j+=(ssize_t) (image->columns+width);
               }
               if (gamma != 0.0)
                 {
                   gamma=1.0/(fabs((double) gamma) <= MagickEpsilon ? 1.0 :
                     gamma);
-                  blur_indexes[x]=ClampToQuantum(gamma*
-                    GetIndexPixelComponent(&pixel));
+                  SetIndexPixelComponent(blur_indexes+x,ClampToQuantum(gamma*
+                    pixel.index));
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -4827,16 +4124,18 @@ MagickExport Image *ShadeImage(const Image *image,const MagickBooleanType gray,
   Image
     *shade_image;
 
-  long
-    progress,
-    y;
-
   MagickBooleanType
     status;
 
+  MagickOffsetType
+    progress;
+
   PrimaryInfo
     light;
 
+  ssize_t
+    y;
+
   /*
     Initialize shaded image attributes.
   */
@@ -4873,7 +4172,7 @@ MagickExport Image *ShadeImage(const Image *image,const MagickBooleanType gray,
 #if defined(MAGICKCORE_OPENMP_SUPPORT)
   #pragma omp parallel for schedule(dynamic,4) shared(progress,status)
 #endif
-  for (y=0; y < (long) image->rows; y++)
+  for (y=0; y < (ssize_t) image->rows; y++)
   {
     MagickRealType
       distance,
@@ -4889,12 +4188,12 @@ MagickExport Image *ShadeImage(const Image *image,const MagickBooleanType gray,
       *restrict s1,
       *restrict s2;
 
-    register long
-      x;
-
     register PixelPacket
       *restrict q;
 
+    register ssize_t
+      x;
+
     if (status == MagickFalse)
       continue;
     p=GetCacheViewVirtualPixels(image_view,-1,y-1,image->columns+2,3,exception);
@@ -4912,7 +4211,7 @@ MagickExport Image *ShadeImage(const Image *image,const MagickBooleanType gray,
     s0=p+1;
     s1=s0+image->columns+2;
     s2=s1+image->columns+2;
-    for (x=0; x < (long) image->columns; x++)
+    for (x=0; x < (ssize_t) image->columns; x++)
     {
       /*
         Determine the surface normal and compute shading.
@@ -4939,15 +4238,18 @@ MagickExport Image *ShadeImage(const Image *image,const MagickBooleanType gray,
         }
       if (gray != MagickFalse)
         {
-          q->red=(Quantum) shade;
-          q->green=(Quantum) shade;
-          q->blue=(Quantum) shade;
+          SetRedPixelComponent(q,shade);
+          SetGreenPixelComponent(q,shade);
+          SetBluePixelComponent(q,shade);
         }
       else
         {
-          q->red=ClampToQuantum(QuantumScale*shade*s1->red);
-          q->green=ClampToQuantum(QuantumScale*shade*s1->green);
-          q->blue=ClampToQuantum(QuantumScale*shade*s1->blue);
+          SetRedPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(QuantumScale*shade*
+            GetRedPixelComponent(s1)));
+          SetGreenPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(QuantumScale*shade*
+            GetGreenPixelComponent(s1)));
+          SetBluePixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(QuantumScale*shade*
+            GetBluePixelComponent(s1)));
         }
       q->opacity=s1->opacity;
       s0++;
@@ -5020,127 +4322,898 @@ MagickExport Image *ShadeImage(const Image *image,const MagickBooleanType gray,
 %
 */
 
-MagickExport Image *SharpenImage(const Image *image,const double radius,
-  const double sigma,ExceptionInfo *exception)
+MagickExport Image *SharpenImage(const Image *image,const double radius,
+  const double sigma,ExceptionInfo *exception)
+{
+  Image
+    *sharp_image;
+
+  sharp_image=SharpenImageChannel(image,DefaultChannels,radius,sigma,exception);
+  return(sharp_image);
+}
+
+MagickExport Image *SharpenImageChannel(const Image *image,
+  const ChannelType channel,const double radius,const double sigma,
+  ExceptionInfo *exception)
+{
+  double
+    *kernel,
+    normalize;
+
+  Image
+    *sharp_image;
+
+  register ssize_t
+    i;
+
+  size_t
+    width;
+
+  ssize_t
+    j,
+    u,
+    v;
+
+  assert(image != (const Image *) NULL);
+  assert(image->signature == MagickSignature);
+  if (image->debug != MagickFalse)
+    (void) LogMagickEvent(TraceEvent,GetMagickModule(),"%s",image->filename);
+  assert(exception != (ExceptionInfo *) NULL);
+  assert(exception->signature == MagickSignature);
+  width=GetOptimalKernelWidth2D(radius,sigma);
+  kernel=(double *) AcquireQuantumMemory((size_t) width*width,sizeof(*kernel));
+  if (kernel == (double *) NULL)
+    ThrowImageException(ResourceLimitError,"MemoryAllocationFailed");
+  normalize=0.0;
+  j=(ssize_t) width/2;
+  i=0;
+  for (v=(-j); v <= j; v++)
+  {
+    for (u=(-j); u <= j; u++)
+    {
+      kernel[i]=(double) (-exp(-((double) u*u+v*v)/(2.0*MagickSigma*
+        MagickSigma))/(2.0*MagickPI*MagickSigma*MagickSigma));
+      normalize+=kernel[i];
+      i++;
+    }
+  }
+  kernel[i/2]=(double) ((-2.0)*normalize);
+  sharp_image=ConvolveImageChannel(image,channel,width,kernel,exception);
+  kernel=(double *) RelinquishMagickMemory(kernel);
+  return(sharp_image);
+}
+\f
+/*
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%                                                                             %
+%                                                                             %
+%                                                                             %
+%     S p r e a d I m a g e                                                   %
+%                                                                             %
+%                                                                             %
+%                                                                             %
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+%  SpreadImage() is a special effects method that randomly displaces each
+%  pixel in a block defined by the radius parameter.
+%
+%  The format of the SpreadImage method is:
+%
+%      Image *SpreadImage(const Image *image,const double radius,
+%        ExceptionInfo *exception)
+%
+%  A description of each parameter follows:
+%
+%    o image: the image.
+%
+%    o radius:  Choose a random pixel in a neighborhood of this extent.
+%
+%    o exception: return any errors or warnings in this structure.
+%
+*/
+MagickExport Image *SpreadImage(const Image *image,const double radius,
+  ExceptionInfo *exception)
+{
+#define SpreadImageTag  "Spread/Image"
+
+  CacheView
+    *image_view,
+    *spread_view;
+
+  Image
+    *spread_image;
+
+  MagickBooleanType
+    status;
+
+  MagickOffsetType
+    progress;
+
+  MagickPixelPacket
+    bias;
+
+  RandomInfo
+    **restrict random_info;
+
+  size_t
+    width;
+
+  ssize_t
+    y;
+
+  /*
+    Initialize spread image attributes.
+  */
+  assert(image != (Image *) NULL);
+  assert(image->signature == MagickSignature);
+  if (image->debug != MagickFalse)
+    (void) LogMagickEvent(TraceEvent,GetMagickModule(),"%s",image->filename);
+  assert(exception != (ExceptionInfo *) NULL);
+  assert(exception->signature == MagickSignature);
+  spread_image=CloneImage(image,image->columns,image->rows,MagickTrue,
+    exception);
+  if (spread_image == (Image *) NULL)
+    return((Image *) NULL);
+  if (SetImageStorageClass(spread_image,DirectClass) == MagickFalse)
+    {
+      InheritException(exception,&spread_image->exception);
+      spread_image=DestroyImage(spread_image);
+      return((Image *) NULL);
+    }
+  /*
+    Spread image.
+  */
+  status=MagickTrue;
+  progress=0;
+  GetMagickPixelPacket(spread_image,&bias);
+  width=GetOptimalKernelWidth1D(radius,0.5);
+  random_info=AcquireRandomInfoThreadSet();
+  image_view=AcquireCacheView(image);
+  spread_view=AcquireCacheView(spread_image);
+#if defined(MAGICKCORE_OPENMP_SUPPORT)
+  #pragma omp parallel for schedule(dynamic,4) shared(progress,status) omp_throttle(1)
+#endif
+  for (y=0; y < (ssize_t) spread_image->rows; y++)
+  {
+    const int
+      id = GetOpenMPThreadId();
+
+    MagickPixelPacket
+      pixel;
+
+    register IndexPacket
+      *restrict indexes;
+
+    register PixelPacket
+      *restrict q;
+
+    register ssize_t
+      x;
+
+    if (status == MagickFalse)
+      continue;
+    q=QueueCacheViewAuthenticPixels(spread_view,0,y,spread_image->columns,1,
+      exception);
+    if (q == (PixelPacket *) NULL)
+      {
+        status=MagickFalse;
+        continue;
+      }
+    indexes=GetCacheViewAuthenticIndexQueue(spread_view);
+    pixel=bias;
+    for (x=0; x < (ssize_t) spread_image->columns; x++)
+    {
+      (void) InterpolateMagickPixelPacket(image,image_view,
+        UndefinedInterpolatePixel,(double) x+width*(GetPseudoRandomValue(
+        random_info[id])-0.5),(double) y+width*(GetPseudoRandomValue(
+        random_info[id])-0.5),&pixel,exception);
+      SetPixelPacket(spread_image,&pixel,q,indexes+x);
+      q++;
+    }
+    if (SyncCacheViewAuthenticPixels(spread_view,exception) == MagickFalse)
+      status=MagickFalse;
+    if (image->progress_monitor != (MagickProgressMonitor) NULL)
+      {
+        MagickBooleanType
+          proceed;
+
+#if defined(MAGICKCORE_OPENMP_SUPPORT)
+  #pragma omp critical (MagickCore_SpreadImage)
+#endif
+        proceed=SetImageProgress(image,SpreadImageTag,progress++,image->rows);
+        if (proceed == MagickFalse)
+          status=MagickFalse;
+      }
+  }
+  spread_view=DestroyCacheView(spread_view);
+  image_view=DestroyCacheView(image_view);
+  random_info=DestroyRandomInfoThreadSet(random_info);
+  return(spread_image);
+}
+\f
+/*
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%                                                                             %
+%                                                                             %
+%                                                                             %
+%     S t a t i s t i c I m a g e                                             %
+%                                                                             %
+%                                                                             %
+%                                                                             %
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+%  StatisticImage() makes each pixel the min / max / median / mode / etc. of
+%  the neighborhood of the specified width and height.
+%
+%  The format of the StatisticImage method is:
+%
+%      Image *StatisticImage(const Image *image,const StatisticType type,
+%        const size_t width,const size_t height,ExceptionInfo *exception)
+%      Image *StatisticImageChannel(const Image *image,
+%        const ChannelType channel,const StatisticType type,
+%        const size_t width,const size_t height,ExceptionInfo *exception)
+%
+%  A description of each parameter follows:
+%
+%    o image: the image.
+%
+%    o channel: the image channel.
+%
+%    o type: the statistic type (median, mode, etc.).
+%
+%    o width: the width of the pixel neighborhood.
+%
+%    o height: the height of the pixel neighborhood.
+%
+%    o exception: return any errors or warnings in this structure.
+%
+*/
+
+#define ListChannels  5
+
+typedef struct _ListNode
+{
+  size_t
+    next[9],
+    count,
+    signature;
+} ListNode;
+
+typedef struct _SkipList
+{
+  ssize_t
+    level;
+
+  ListNode
+    *nodes;
+} SkipList;
+
+typedef struct _PixelList
+{
+  size_t
+    length,
+    seed,
+    signature;
+
+  SkipList
+    lists[ListChannels];
+} PixelList;
+
+static PixelList *DestroyPixelList(PixelList *pixel_list)
+{
+  register ssize_t
+    i;
+
+  if (pixel_list == (PixelList *) NULL)
+    return((PixelList *) NULL);
+  for (i=0; i < ListChannels; i++)
+    if (pixel_list->lists[i].nodes != (ListNode *) NULL)
+      pixel_list->lists[i].nodes=(ListNode *) RelinquishMagickMemory(
+        pixel_list->lists[i].nodes);
+  pixel_list=(PixelList *) RelinquishMagickMemory(pixel_list);
+  return(pixel_list);
+}
+
+static PixelList **DestroyPixelListThreadSet(PixelList **pixel_list)
+{
+  register ssize_t
+    i;
+
+  assert(pixel_list != (PixelList **) NULL);
+  for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) GetOpenMPMaximumThreads(); i++)
+    if (pixel_list[i] != (PixelList *) NULL)
+      pixel_list[i]=DestroyPixelList(pixel_list[i]);
+  pixel_list=(PixelList **) RelinquishMagickMemory(pixel_list);
+  return(pixel_list);
+}
+
+static PixelList *AcquirePixelList(const size_t width,const size_t height)
+{
+  PixelList
+    *pixel_list;
+
+  register ssize_t
+    i;
+
+  pixel_list=(PixelList *) AcquireMagickMemory(sizeof(*pixel_list));
+  if (pixel_list == (PixelList *) NULL)
+    return(pixel_list);
+  (void) ResetMagickMemory((void *) pixel_list,0,sizeof(*pixel_list));
+  pixel_list->length=width*height;
+  for (i=0; i < ListChannels; i++)
+  {
+    pixel_list->lists[i].nodes=(ListNode *) AcquireQuantumMemory(65537UL,
+      sizeof(*pixel_list->lists[i].nodes));
+    if (pixel_list->lists[i].nodes == (ListNode *) NULL)
+      return(DestroyPixelList(pixel_list));
+    (void) ResetMagickMemory(pixel_list->lists[i].nodes,0,65537UL*
+      sizeof(*pixel_list->lists[i].nodes));
+  }
+  pixel_list->signature=MagickSignature;
+  return(pixel_list);
+}
+
+static PixelList **AcquirePixelListThreadSet(const size_t width,
+  const size_t height)
+{
+  PixelList
+    **pixel_list;
+
+  register ssize_t
+    i;
+
+  size_t
+    number_threads;
+
+  number_threads=GetOpenMPMaximumThreads();
+  pixel_list=(PixelList **) AcquireQuantumMemory(number_threads,
+    sizeof(*pixel_list));
+  if (pixel_list == (PixelList **) NULL)
+    return((PixelList **) NULL);
+  (void) ResetMagickMemory(pixel_list,0,number_threads*sizeof(*pixel_list));
+  for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) number_threads; i++)
+  {
+    pixel_list[i]=AcquirePixelList(width,height);
+    if (pixel_list[i] == (PixelList *) NULL)
+      return(DestroyPixelListThreadSet(pixel_list));
+  }
+  return(pixel_list);
+}
+
+static void AddNodePixelList(PixelList *pixel_list,const ssize_t channel,
+  const size_t color)
+{
+  register SkipList
+    *list;
+
+  register ssize_t
+    level;
+
+  size_t
+    search,
+    update[9];
+
+  /*
+    Initialize the node.
+  */
+  list=pixel_list->lists+channel;
+  list->nodes[color].signature=pixel_list->signature;
+  list->nodes[color].count=1;
+  /*
+    Determine where it belongs in the list.
+  */
+  search=65536UL;
+  for (level=list->level; level >= 0; level--)
+  {
+    while (list->nodes[search].next[level] < color)
+      search=list->nodes[search].next[level];
+    update[level]=search;
+  }
+  /*
+    Generate a pseudo-random level for this node.
+  */
+  for (level=0; ; level++)
+  {
+    pixel_list->seed=(pixel_list->seed*42893621L)+1L;
+    if ((pixel_list->seed & 0x300) != 0x300)
+      break;
+  }
+  if (level > 8)
+    level=8;
+  if (level > (list->level+2))
+    level=list->level+2;
+  /*
+    If we're raising the list's level, link back to the root node.
+  */
+  while (level > list->level)
+  {
+    list->level++;
+    update[list->level]=65536UL;
+  }
+  /*
+    Link the node into the skip-list.
+  */
+  do
+  {
+    list->nodes[color].next[level]=list->nodes[update[level]].next[level];
+    list->nodes[update[level]].next[level]=color;
+  } while (level-- > 0);
+}
+
+static MagickPixelPacket GetMaximumPixelList(PixelList *pixel_list)
+{
+  MagickPixelPacket
+    pixel;
+
+  register SkipList
+    *list;
+
+  register ssize_t
+    channel;
+
+  size_t
+    color,
+    maximum;
+
+  ssize_t
+    count;
+
+  unsigned short
+    channels[ListChannels];
+
+  /*
+    Find the maximum value for each of the color.
+  */
+  for (channel=0; channel < 5; channel++)
+  {
+    list=pixel_list->lists+channel;
+    color=65536L;
+    count=0;
+    maximum=list->nodes[color].next[0];
+    do
+    {
+      color=list->nodes[color].next[0];
+      if (color > maximum)
+        maximum=color;
+      count+=list->nodes[color].count;
+    } while (count < (ssize_t) pixel_list->length);
+    channels[channel]=(unsigned short) maximum;
+  }
+  GetMagickPixelPacket((const Image *) NULL,&pixel);
+  pixel.red=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[0]);
+  pixel.green=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[1]);
+  pixel.blue=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[2]);
+  pixel.opacity=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[3]);
+  pixel.index=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[4]);
+  return(pixel);
+}
+
+static MagickPixelPacket GetMeanPixelList(PixelList *pixel_list)
+{
+  MagickPixelPacket
+    pixel;
+
+  MagickRealType
+    sum;
+
+  register SkipList
+    *list;
+
+  register ssize_t
+    channel;
+
+  size_t
+    color;
+
+  ssize_t
+    count;
+
+  unsigned short
+    channels[ListChannels];
+
+  /*
+    Find the mean value for each of the color.
+  */
+  for (channel=0; channel < 5; channel++)
+  {
+    list=pixel_list->lists+channel;
+    color=65536L;
+    count=0;
+    sum=0.0;
+    do
+    {
+      color=list->nodes[color].next[0];
+      sum+=(MagickRealType) list->nodes[color].count*color;
+      count+=list->nodes[color].count;
+    } while (count < (ssize_t) pixel_list->length);
+    sum/=pixel_list->length;
+    channels[channel]=(unsigned short) sum;
+  }
+  GetMagickPixelPacket((const Image *) NULL,&pixel);
+  pixel.red=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[0]);
+  pixel.green=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[1]);
+  pixel.blue=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[2]);
+  pixel.opacity=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[3]);
+  pixel.index=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[4]);
+  return(pixel);
+}
+
+static MagickPixelPacket GetMedianPixelList(PixelList *pixel_list)
+{
+  MagickPixelPacket
+    pixel;
+
+  register SkipList
+    *list;
+
+  register ssize_t
+    channel;
+
+  size_t
+    color;
+
+  ssize_t
+    count;
+
+  unsigned short
+    channels[ListChannels];
+
+  /*
+    Find the median value for each of the color.
+  */
+  for (channel=0; channel < 5; channel++)
+  {
+    list=pixel_list->lists+channel;
+    color=65536L;
+    count=0;
+    do
+    {
+      color=list->nodes[color].next[0];
+      count+=list->nodes[color].count;
+    } while (count <= (ssize_t) (pixel_list->length >> 1));
+    channels[channel]=(unsigned short) color;
+  }
+  GetMagickPixelPacket((const Image *) NULL,&pixel);
+  pixel.red=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[0]);
+  pixel.green=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[1]);
+  pixel.blue=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[2]);
+  pixel.opacity=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[3]);
+  pixel.index=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[4]);
+  return(pixel);
+}
+
+static MagickPixelPacket GetMinimumPixelList(PixelList *pixel_list)
+{
+  MagickPixelPacket
+    pixel;
+
+  register SkipList
+    *list;
+
+  register ssize_t
+    channel;
+
+  size_t
+    color,
+    minimum;
+
+  ssize_t
+    count;
+
+  unsigned short
+    channels[ListChannels];
+
+  /*
+    Find the minimum value for each of the color.
+  */
+  for (channel=0; channel < 5; channel++)
+  {
+    list=pixel_list->lists+channel;
+    count=0;
+    color=65536UL;
+    minimum=list->nodes[color].next[0];
+    do
+    {
+      color=list->nodes[color].next[0];
+      if (color < minimum)
+        minimum=color;
+      count+=list->nodes[color].count;
+    } while (count < (ssize_t) pixel_list->length);
+    channels[channel]=(unsigned short) minimum;
+  }
+  GetMagickPixelPacket((const Image *) NULL,&pixel);
+  pixel.red=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[0]);
+  pixel.green=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[1]);
+  pixel.blue=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[2]);
+  pixel.opacity=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[3]);
+  pixel.index=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[4]);
+  return(pixel);
+}
+
+static MagickPixelPacket GetModePixelList(PixelList *pixel_list)
+{
+  MagickPixelPacket
+    pixel;
+
+  register SkipList
+    *list;
+
+  register ssize_t
+    channel;
+
+  size_t
+    color,
+    max_count,
+    mode;
+
+  ssize_t
+    count;
+
+  unsigned short
+    channels[5];
+
+  /*
+    Make each pixel the 'predominate color' of the specified neighborhood.
+  */
+  for (channel=0; channel < 5; channel++)
+  {
+    list=pixel_list->lists+channel;
+    color=65536L;
+    mode=color;
+    max_count=list->nodes[mode].count;
+    count=0;
+    do
+    {
+      color=list->nodes[color].next[0];
+      if (list->nodes[color].count > max_count)
+        {
+          mode=color;
+          max_count=list->nodes[mode].count;
+        }
+      count+=list->nodes[color].count;
+    } while (count < (ssize_t) pixel_list->length);
+    channels[channel]=(unsigned short) mode;
+  }
+  GetMagickPixelPacket((const Image *) NULL,&pixel);
+  pixel.red=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[0]);
+  pixel.green=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[1]);
+  pixel.blue=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[2]);
+  pixel.opacity=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[3]);
+  pixel.index=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[4]);
+  return(pixel);
+}
+
+static MagickPixelPacket GetNonpeakPixelList(PixelList *pixel_list)
+{
+  MagickPixelPacket
+    pixel;
+
+  register SkipList
+    *list;
+
+  register ssize_t
+    channel;
+
+  size_t
+    color,
+    next,
+    previous;
+
+  ssize_t
+    count;
+
+  unsigned short
+    channels[5];
+
+  /*
+    Finds the non peak value for each of the colors.
+  */
+  for (channel=0; channel < 5; channel++)
+  {
+    list=pixel_list->lists+channel;
+    color=65536L;
+    next=list->nodes[color].next[0];
+    count=0;
+    do
+    {
+      previous=color;
+      color=next;
+      next=list->nodes[color].next[0];
+      count+=list->nodes[color].count;
+    } while (count <= (ssize_t) (pixel_list->length >> 1));
+    if ((previous == 65536UL) && (next != 65536UL))
+      color=next;
+    else
+      if ((previous != 65536UL) && (next == 65536UL))
+        color=previous;
+    channels[channel]=(unsigned short) color;
+  }
+  GetMagickPixelPacket((const Image *) NULL,&pixel);
+  pixel.red=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[0]);
+  pixel.green=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[1]);
+  pixel.blue=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[2]);
+  pixel.opacity=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[3]);
+  pixel.index=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[4]);
+  return(pixel);
+}
+
+static MagickPixelPacket GetStandardDeviationPixelList(PixelList *pixel_list)
+{
+  MagickPixelPacket
+    pixel;
+
+  MagickRealType
+    sum,
+    sum_squared;
+
+  register SkipList
+    *list;
+
+  register ssize_t
+    channel;
+
+  size_t
+    color;
+
+  ssize_t
+    count;
+
+  unsigned short
+    channels[ListChannels];
+
+  /*
+    Find the standard-deviation value for each of the color.
+  */
+  for (channel=0; channel < 5; channel++)
+  {
+    list=pixel_list->lists+channel;
+    color=65536L;
+    count=0;
+    sum=0.0;
+    sum_squared=0.0;
+    do
+    {
+      register ssize_t
+        i;
+
+      color=list->nodes[color].next[0];
+      sum+=(MagickRealType) list->nodes[color].count*color;
+      for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) list->nodes[color].count; i++)
+        sum_squared+=((MagickRealType) color)*((MagickRealType) color);
+      count+=list->nodes[color].count;
+    } while (count < (ssize_t) pixel_list->length);
+    sum/=pixel_list->length;
+    sum_squared/=pixel_list->length;
+    channels[channel]=(unsigned short) sqrt(sum_squared-(sum*sum));
+  }
+  GetMagickPixelPacket((const Image *) NULL,&pixel);
+  pixel.red=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[0]);
+  pixel.green=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[1]);
+  pixel.blue=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[2]);
+  pixel.opacity=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[3]);
+  pixel.index=(MagickRealType) ScaleShortToQuantum(channels[4]);
+  return(pixel);
+}
+
+static inline void InsertPixelList(const Image *image,const PixelPacket *pixel,
+  const IndexPacket *indexes,PixelList *pixel_list)
 {
-  Image
-    *sharp_image;
+  size_t
+    signature;
 
-  sharp_image=SharpenImageChannel(image,DefaultChannels,radius,sigma,exception);
-  return(sharp_image);
+  unsigned short
+    index;
+
+  index=ScaleQuantumToShort(GetRedPixelComponent(pixel));
+  signature=pixel_list->lists[0].nodes[index].signature;
+  if (signature == pixel_list->signature)
+    pixel_list->lists[0].nodes[index].count++;
+  else
+    AddNodePixelList(pixel_list,0,index);
+  index=ScaleQuantumToShort(GetGreenPixelComponent(pixel));
+  signature=pixel_list->lists[1].nodes[index].signature;
+  if (signature == pixel_list->signature)
+    pixel_list->lists[1].nodes[index].count++;
+  else
+    AddNodePixelList(pixel_list,1,index);
+  index=ScaleQuantumToShort(GetBluePixelComponent(pixel));
+  signature=pixel_list->lists[2].nodes[index].signature;
+  if (signature == pixel_list->signature)
+    pixel_list->lists[2].nodes[index].count++;
+  else
+    AddNodePixelList(pixel_list,2,index);
+  index=ScaleQuantumToShort(GetOpacityPixelComponent(pixel));
+  signature=pixel_list->lists[3].nodes[index].signature;
+  if (signature == pixel_list->signature)
+    pixel_list->lists[3].nodes[index].count++;
+  else
+    AddNodePixelList(pixel_list,3,index);
+  if (image->colorspace == CMYKColorspace)
+    index=ScaleQuantumToShort(GetIndexPixelComponent(indexes));
+  signature=pixel_list->lists[4].nodes[index].signature;
+  if (signature == pixel_list->signature)
+    pixel_list->lists[4].nodes[index].count++;
+  else
+    AddNodePixelList(pixel_list,4,index);
 }
 
-MagickExport Image *SharpenImageChannel(const Image *image,
-  const ChannelType channel,const double radius,const double sigma,
-  ExceptionInfo *exception)
+static inline MagickRealType MagickAbsoluteValue(const MagickRealType x)
 {
-  double
-    *kernel,
-    normalize;
+  if (x < 0)
+    return(-x);
+  return(x);
+}
 
-  Image
-    *sharp_image;
+static void ResetPixelList(PixelList *pixel_list)
+{
+  int
+    level;
 
-  long
-    j,
-    u,
-    v;
+  register ListNode
+    *root;
 
-  register long
-    i;
+  register SkipList
+    *list;
 
-  unsigned long
-    width;
+  register ssize_t
+    channel;
 
-  assert(image != (const Image *) NULL);
-  assert(image->signature == MagickSignature);
-  if (image->debug != MagickFalse)
-    (void) LogMagickEvent(TraceEvent,GetMagickModule(),"%s",image->filename);
-  assert(exception != (ExceptionInfo *) NULL);
-  assert(exception->signature == MagickSignature);
-  width=GetOptimalKernelWidth2D(radius,sigma);
-  kernel=(double *) AcquireQuantumMemory((size_t) width*width,sizeof(*kernel));
-  if (kernel == (double *) NULL)
-    ThrowImageException(ResourceLimitError,"MemoryAllocationFailed");
-  normalize=0.0;
-  j=(long) width/2;
-  i=0;
-  for (v=(-j); v <= j; v++)
+  /*
+    Reset the skip-list.
+  */
+  for (channel=0; channel < 5; channel++)
   {
-    for (u=(-j); u <= j; u++)
-    {
-      kernel[i]=(-exp(-((double) u*u+v*v)/(2.0*MagickSigma*MagickSigma))/
-        (2.0*MagickPI*MagickSigma*MagickSigma));
-      normalize+=kernel[i];
-      i++;
-    }
+    list=pixel_list->lists+channel;
+    root=list->nodes+65536UL;
+    list->level=0;
+    for (level=0; level < 9; level++)
+      root->next[level]=65536UL;
   }
-  kernel[i/2]=(double) ((-2.0)*normalize);
-  sharp_image=ConvolveImageChannel(image,channel,width,kernel,exception);
-  kernel=(double *) RelinquishMagickMemory(kernel);
-  return(sharp_image);
+  pixel_list->seed=pixel_list->signature++;
 }
-\f
-/*
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-%                                                                             %
-%                                                                             %
-%                                                                             %
-%     S p r e a d I m a g e                                                   %
-%                                                                             %
-%                                                                             %
-%                                                                             %
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-%
-%  SpreadImage() is a special effects method that randomly displaces each
-%  pixel in a block defined by the radius parameter.
-%
-%  The format of the SpreadImage method is:
-%
-%      Image *SpreadImage(const Image *image,const double radius,
-%        ExceptionInfo *exception)
-%
-%  A description of each parameter follows:
-%
-%    o image: the image.
-%
-%    o radius:  Choose a random pixel in a neighborhood of this extent.
-%
-%    o exception: return any errors or warnings in this structure.
-%
-*/
-MagickExport Image *SpreadImage(const Image *image,const double radius,
-  ExceptionInfo *exception)
+
+MagickExport Image *StatisticImage(const Image *image,const StatisticType type,
+  const size_t width,const size_t height,ExceptionInfo *exception)
 {
-#define SpreadImageTag  "Spread/Image"
+  Image
+    *statistic_image;
+
+  statistic_image=StatisticImageChannel(image,DefaultChannels,type,width,
+    height,exception);
+  return(statistic_image);
+}
+
+MagickExport Image *StatisticImageChannel(const Image *image,
+  const ChannelType channel,const StatisticType type,const size_t width,
+  const size_t height,ExceptionInfo *exception)
+{
+#define StatisticWidth \
+  (width == 0 ? GetOptimalKernelWidth2D((double) width,0.5) : width)
+#define StatisticHeight \
+  (height == 0 ? GetOptimalKernelWidth2D((double) height,0.5) : height)
+#define StatisticImageTag  "Statistic/Image"
 
   CacheView
-    *image_view;
+    *image_view,
+    *statistic_view;
 
   Image
-    *spread_image;
-
-  long
-    progress,
-    y;
+    *statistic_image;
 
   MagickBooleanType
     status;
 
-  MagickPixelPacket
-    bias;
-
-  RandomInfo
-    **restrict random_info;
+  MagickOffsetType
+    progress;
 
-  ResampleFilter
-    **restrict resample_filter;
+  PixelList
+    **restrict pixel_list;
 
-  unsigned long
-    width;
+  ssize_t
+    y;
 
   /*
-    Initialize spread image attributes.
+    Initialize statistics image attributes.
   */
   assert(image != (Image *) NULL);
   assert(image->signature == MagickSignature);
@@ -5148,66 +5221,164 @@ MagickExport Image *SpreadImage(const Image *image,const double radius,
     (void) LogMagickEvent(TraceEvent,GetMagickModule(),"%s",image->filename);
   assert(exception != (ExceptionInfo *) NULL);
   assert(exception->signature == MagickSignature);
-  spread_image=CloneImage(image,image->columns,image->rows,MagickTrue,
+  statistic_image=CloneImage(image,image->columns,image->rows,MagickTrue,
     exception);
-  if (spread_image == (Image *) NULL)
+  if (statistic_image == (Image *) NULL)
     return((Image *) NULL);
-  if (SetImageStorageClass(spread_image,DirectClass) == MagickFalse)
+  if (SetImageStorageClass(statistic_image,DirectClass) == MagickFalse)
     {
-      InheritException(exception,&spread_image->exception);
-      spread_image=DestroyImage(spread_image);
+      InheritException(exception,&statistic_image->exception);
+      statistic_image=DestroyImage(statistic_image);
       return((Image *) NULL);
     }
+  pixel_list=AcquirePixelListThreadSet(StatisticWidth,StatisticHeight);
+  if (pixel_list == (PixelList **) NULL)
+    {
+      statistic_image=DestroyImage(statistic_image);
+      ThrowImageException(ResourceLimitError,"MemoryAllocationFailed");
+    }
   /*
-    Spread image.
+    Make each pixel the min / max / median / mode / etc. of the neighborhood.
   */
   status=MagickTrue;
   progress=0;
-  GetMagickPixelPacket(spread_image,&bias);
-  width=GetOptimalKernelWidth1D(radius,0.5);
-  resample_filter=AcquireResampleFilterThreadSet(image,
-    UndefinedVirtualPixelMethod,MagickTrue,exception);
-  random_info=AcquireRandomInfoThreadSet();
-  image_view=AcquireCacheView(spread_image);
+  image_view=AcquireCacheView(image);
+  statistic_view=AcquireCacheView(statistic_image);
 #if defined(MAGICKCORE_OPENMP_SUPPORT)
-  #pragma omp parallel for schedule(static) shared(progress,status)
+  #pragma omp parallel for schedule(dynamic,4) shared(progress,status)
 #endif
-  for (y=0; y < (long) spread_image->rows; y++)
+  for (y=0; y < (ssize_t) statistic_image->rows; y++)
   {
-    MagickPixelPacket
-      pixel;
+    const int
+      id = GetOpenMPThreadId();
 
-    register IndexPacket
+    register const IndexPacket
       *restrict indexes;
 
-    register long
-      id,
-      x;
+    register const PixelPacket
+      *restrict p;
+
+    register IndexPacket
+      *restrict statistic_indexes;
 
     register PixelPacket
       *restrict q;
 
+    register ssize_t
+      x;
+
     if (status == MagickFalse)
       continue;
-    q=QueueCacheViewAuthenticPixels(image_view,0,y,spread_image->columns,1,
-      exception);
-    if (q == (PixelPacket *) NULL)
+    p=GetCacheViewVirtualPixels(image_view,-((ssize_t) StatisticWidth/2L),y-
+      (ssize_t) (StatisticHeight/2L),image->columns+StatisticWidth,
+      StatisticHeight,exception);
+    q=QueueCacheViewAuthenticPixels(statistic_view,0,y,statistic_image->columns,      1,exception);
+    if ((p == (const PixelPacket *) NULL) || (q == (PixelPacket *) NULL))
       {
         status=MagickFalse;
         continue;
       }
-    indexes=GetCacheViewAuthenticIndexQueue(image_view);
-    pixel=bias;
-    id=GetOpenMPThreadId();
-    for (x=0; x < (long) spread_image->columns; x++)
+    indexes=GetCacheViewVirtualIndexQueue(image_view);
+    statistic_indexes=GetCacheViewAuthenticIndexQueue(statistic_view);
+    for (x=0; x < (ssize_t) statistic_image->columns; x++)
     {
-      (void) ResamplePixelColor(resample_filter[id],(double) x+width*
-        (GetPseudoRandomValue(random_info[id])-0.5),(double) y+width*
-        (GetPseudoRandomValue(random_info[id])-0.5),&pixel);
-      SetPixelPacket(spread_image,&pixel,q,indexes+x);
+      MagickPixelPacket
+        pixel;
+
+      register const IndexPacket
+        *restrict s;
+
+      register const PixelPacket
+        *restrict r;
+
+      register ssize_t
+        u,
+        v;
+
+      r=p;
+      s=indexes+x;
+      ResetPixelList(pixel_list[id]);
+      for (v=0; v < (ssize_t) StatisticHeight; v++)
+      {
+        for (u=0; u < (ssize_t) StatisticWidth; u++)
+          InsertPixelList(image,r+u,s+u,pixel_list[id]);
+        r+=image->columns+StatisticWidth;
+        s+=image->columns+StatisticWidth;
+      }
+      GetMagickPixelPacket(image,&pixel);
+      SetMagickPixelPacket(image,p+StatisticWidth*StatisticHeight/2,indexes+
+        StatisticWidth*StatisticHeight/2+x,&pixel);
+      switch (type)
+      {
+        case GradientStatistic:
+        {
+          MagickPixelPacket
+            maximum,
+            minimum;
+
+          minimum=GetMinimumPixelList(pixel_list[id]);
+          maximum=GetMaximumPixelList(pixel_list[id]);
+          pixel.red=MagickAbsoluteValue(maximum.red-minimum.red);
+          pixel.green=MagickAbsoluteValue(maximum.green-minimum.green);
+          pixel.blue=MagickAbsoluteValue(maximum.blue-minimum.blue);
+          pixel.opacity=MagickAbsoluteValue(maximum.opacity-minimum.opacity);
+          if (image->colorspace == CMYKColorspace)
+            pixel.index=MagickAbsoluteValue(maximum.index-minimum.index);
+          break;
+        }
+        case MaximumStatistic:
+        {
+          pixel=GetMaximumPixelList(pixel_list[id]);
+          break;
+        }
+        case MeanStatistic:
+        {
+          pixel=GetMeanPixelList(pixel_list[id]);
+          break;
+        }
+        case MedianStatistic:
+        default:
+        {
+          pixel=GetMedianPixelList(pixel_list[id]);
+          break;
+        }
+        case MinimumStatistic:
+        {
+          pixel=GetMinimumPixelList(pixel_list[id]);
+          break;
+        }
+        case ModeStatistic:
+        {
+          pixel=GetModePixelList(pixel_list[id]);
+          break;
+        }
+        case NonpeakStatistic:
+        {
+          pixel=GetNonpeakPixelList(pixel_list[id]);
+          break;
+        }
+        case StandardDeviationStatistic:
+        {
+          pixel=GetStandardDeviationPixelList(pixel_list[id]);
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+      if ((channel & RedChannel) != 0)
+        SetRedPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.red));
+      if ((channel & GreenChannel) != 0)
+        SetGreenPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.green));
+      if ((channel & BlueChannel) != 0)
+        SetBluePixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.blue));
+      if (((channel & OpacityChannel) != 0) &&
+          (image->matte != MagickFalse))
+        SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.opacity));
+      if (((channel & IndexChannel) != 0) &&
+          (image->colorspace == CMYKColorspace))
+        SetIndexPixelComponent(statistic_indexes+x,ClampToQuantum(pixel.index));
+      p++;
       q++;
     }
-    if (SyncCacheViewAuthenticPixels(image_view,exception) == MagickFalse)
+    if (SyncCacheViewAuthenticPixels(statistic_view,exception) == MagickFalse)
       status=MagickFalse;
     if (image->progress_monitor != (MagickProgressMonitor) NULL)
       {
@@ -5215,17 +5386,18 @@ MagickExport Image *SpreadImage(const Image *image,const double radius,
           proceed;
 
 #if defined(MAGICKCORE_OPENMP_SUPPORT)
-  #pragma omp critical (MagickCore_SpreadImage)
+  #pragma omp critical (MagickCore_StatisticImage)
 #endif
-        proceed=SetImageProgress(image,SpreadImageTag,progress++,image->rows);
+        proceed=SetImageProgress(image,StatisticImageTag,progress++,
+          image->rows);
         if (proceed == MagickFalse)
           status=MagickFalse;
       }
   }
+  statistic_view=DestroyCacheView(statistic_view);
   image_view=DestroyCacheView(image_view);
-  random_info=DestroyRandomInfoThreadSet(random_info);
-  resample_filter=DestroyResampleFilterThreadSet(resample_filter);
-  return(spread_image);
+  pixel_list=DestroyPixelListThreadSet(pixel_list);
+  return(statistic_image);
 }
 \f
 /*
@@ -5298,19 +5470,21 @@ MagickExport Image *UnsharpMaskImageChannel(const Image *image,
   Image
     *unsharp_image;
 
-  long
-    progress,
-    y;
-
   MagickBooleanType
     status;
 
+  MagickOffsetType
+    progress;
+
   MagickPixelPacket
     bias;
 
   MagickRealType
     quantum_threshold;
 
+  ssize_t
+    y;
+
   assert(image != (const Image *) NULL);
   assert(image->signature == MagickSignature);
   if (image->debug != MagickFalse)
@@ -5331,7 +5505,7 @@ MagickExport Image *UnsharpMaskImageChannel(const Image *image,
 #if defined(MAGICKCORE_OPENMP_SUPPORT)
   #pragma omp parallel for schedule(dynamic,4) shared(progress,status)
 #endif
-  for (y=0; y < (long) image->rows; y++)
+  for (y=0; y < (ssize_t) image->rows; y++)
   {
     MagickPixelPacket
       pixel;
@@ -5345,12 +5519,12 @@ MagickExport Image *UnsharpMaskImageChannel(const Image *image,
     register IndexPacket
       *restrict unsharp_indexes;
 
-    register long
-      x;
-
     register PixelPacket
       *restrict q;
 
+    register ssize_t
+      x;
+
     if (status == MagickFalse)
       continue;
     p=GetCacheViewVirtualPixels(image_view,0,y,image->columns,1,exception);
@@ -5364,54 +5538,57 @@ MagickExport Image *UnsharpMaskImageChannel(const Image *image,
     indexes=GetCacheViewVirtualIndexQueue(image_view);
     unsharp_indexes=GetCacheViewAuthenticIndexQueue(unsharp_view);
     pixel=bias;
-    for (x=0; x < (long) image->columns; x++)
+    for (x=0; x < (ssize_t) image->columns; x++)
     {
       if ((channel & RedChannel) != 0)
         {
-          pixel.red=p->red-(MagickRealType) q->red;
+          pixel.red=GetRedPixelComponent(p)-(MagickRealType)
+            GetRedPixelComponent(q);
           if (fabs(2.0*pixel.red) < quantum_threshold)
             pixel.red=(MagickRealType) GetRedPixelComponent(p);
           else
-            pixel.red=(MagickRealType) p->red+(pixel.red*amount);
-          SetRedPixelComponent(q,ClampRedPixelComponent(&pixel));
+            pixel.red=(MagickRealType) GetRedPixelComponent(p)+
+              (pixel.red*amount);
+          SetRedPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.red));
         }
       if ((channel & GreenChannel) != 0)
         {
-          pixel.green=p->green-(MagickRealType) q->green;
+          pixel.green=GetGreenPixelComponent(p)-(MagickRealType) q->green;
           if (fabs(2.0*pixel.green) < quantum_threshold)
             pixel.green=(MagickRealType) GetGreenPixelComponent(p);
           else
-            pixel.green=(MagickRealType) p->green+(pixel.green*amount);
-          SetGreenPixelComponent(q,ClampGreenPixelComponent(&pixel));
+            pixel.green=(MagickRealType) GetGreenPixelComponent(p)+(pixel.green*amount);
+          SetGreenPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.green));
         }
       if ((channel & BlueChannel) != 0)
         {
-          pixel.blue=p->blue-(MagickRealType) q->blue;
+          pixel.blue=GetBluePixelComponent(p)-(MagickRealType) q->blue;
           if (fabs(2.0*pixel.blue) < quantum_threshold)
             pixel.blue=(MagickRealType) GetBluePixelComponent(p);
           else
-            pixel.blue=(MagickRealType) p->blue+(pixel.blue*amount);
-          SetBluePixelComponent(q,ClampBluePixelComponent(&pixel));
+            pixel.blue=(MagickRealType) GetBluePixelComponent(p)+(pixel.blue*amount);
+          SetBluePixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.blue));
         }
       if ((channel & OpacityChannel) != 0)
         {
-          pixel.opacity=p->opacity-(MagickRealType) q->opacity;
+          pixel.opacity=GetOpacityPixelComponent(p)-(MagickRealType) q->opacity;
           if (fabs(2.0*pixel.opacity) < quantum_threshold)
             pixel.opacity=(MagickRealType) GetOpacityPixelComponent(p);
           else
-            pixel.opacity=p->opacity+(pixel.opacity*amount);
-          SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampOpacityPixelComponent(&pixel));
+            pixel.opacity=GetOpacityPixelComponent(p)+(pixel.opacity*amount);
+          SetOpacityPixelComponent(q,ClampToQuantum(pixel.opacity));
         }
       if (((channel & IndexChannel) != 0) &&
           (image->colorspace == CMYKColorspace))
         {
-          pixel.index=unsharp_indexes[x]-(MagickRealType) indexes[x];
+          pixel.index=GetIndexPixelComponent(indexes+x)-(MagickRealType)
+            GetIndexPixelComponent(unsharp_indexes+x);
           if (fabs(2.0*pixel.index) < quantum_threshold)
-            pixel.index=(MagickRealType) unsharp_indexes[x];
+            pixel.index=(MagickRealType) GetIndexPixelComponent(indexes+x);
           else
-            pixel.index=(MagickRealType) unsharp_indexes[x]+(pixel.index*
-              amount);
-          unsharp_indexes[x]=ClampToQuantum(pixel.index);
+            pixel.index=(MagickRealType) GetIndexPixelComponent(indexes+x)+
+              (pixel.index*amount);
+          SetIndexPixelComponent(unsharp_indexes+x,ClampToQuantum(pixel.index));
         }
       p++;
       q++;