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-<title> Mise en correspondance des URLs avec le système de fichiers - Serveur Apache HTTP</title>
+<title> Mise en correspondance des URLs avec le système de fichiers - Serveur Apache HTTP Version 2.5</title>
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<p class="apache">Serveur Apache HTTP Version 2.5</p>
-<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<img alt="" src="./images/feather.png" /></div>
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<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">Serveur HTTP</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.5</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1> Mise en correspondance des URLs avec le système de fichiers</h1>
<a href="./ko/urlmapping.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
<a href="./tr/urlmapping.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a></p>
</div>
-<div class="outofdate">Cette traduction peut être périmée. Vérifiez la version
- anglaise pour les changements récents.</div>
<p>Ce document explique comment le serveur HTTP Apache utilise l'URL contenue dans une
requête pour déterminer le noeud du système de fichier à partir duquel le
<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#notfound">Fichier non trouvé (File Not Found)</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#other">Autres modules de mise en correspondance des
URLs</a></li>
-</ul><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Commentaires</a></li></ul></div>
+</ul><
h3>Voir aussi</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Commentaires</a></li></ul></div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="related" id="related">Modules et directives concernés</a></h2>
-<table class="related"><tr><th>Modules Apparentés</th><th>Directives Apparentées</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_actions.html">mod_actions</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html">mod_alias</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_
dir.html">mod_dir</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_imagemap.html">mod_imagemap</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_speling.html">mod_speling</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_userdir.html">mod_userdir</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_vhost_alias.html">mod_vhost_alias</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html#alias">Alias</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html#aliasmatch">AliasMatch</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_speling.html#checkspelling">CheckSpelling</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#errordocument">ErrorDocument</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#options">Options</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypass">ProxyPass</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypassreverse">ProxyPassReverse</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypassreversecookiedomain">ProxyPassReverseCookieDomain</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypassreversecookiepath">ProxyPassReverseCookiePath</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html#redirect">Redirect</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html#redirectmatch">RedirectMatch</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritecond">RewriteCond</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewriterule">RewriteRule</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html#scriptalias">ScriptAlias</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html#scriptaliasmatch">ScriptAliasMatch</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
+<table class="related"><tr><th>Modules Apparentés</th><th>Directives Apparentées</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_actions.html">mod_actions</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html">mod_alias</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_
autoindex.html">mod_autoindex</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_dir.html">mod_dir</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_imagemap.html">mod_imagemap</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_speling.html">mod_speling</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_userdir.html">mod_userdir</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_vhost_alias.html">mod_vhost_alias</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html#alias">Alias</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html#aliasmatch">AliasMatch</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_speling.html#checkspelling">CheckSpelling</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_dir.html#directoryindex">DirectoryIndex</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#errordocument">ErrorDocument</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#options">Options</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypass">ProxyPass</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypassreverse">ProxyPassReverse</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypassreversecookiedomain">ProxyPassReverseCookieDomain</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypassreversecookiepath">ProxyPassReverseCookiePath</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html#redirect">Redirect</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html#redirectmatch">RedirectMatch</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritecond">RewriteCond</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewriterule">RewriteRule</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html#scriptalias">ScriptAlias</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html#scriptaliasmatch">ScriptAliasMatch</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="documentroot" id="documentroot">Racine des documents (DocumentRoot)</a></h2>
<code>http://www.example.com/fish/guppies.html</code> retournera le
fichier <code>/var/www/html/fish/guppies.html</code> au client.</p>
+ <p>Si la requête concerne un répertoire (autrement dit un chemin se
+ terminant par un slash <code>/</code>), le nom du fichier qui sera
+ recherché et servi depuis ce répertoire est défini via la directive
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_dir.html#directoryindex">DirectoryIndex</a></code>. Par exemple,
+ supposons que <code>DocumentRoot</code> ait été définie comme
+ précédemment, et que vous ayez défini <code>DirectoryIndex</code>
+ comme suit :</p>
+
+ <div class="example"><p><code>DirectoryIndex index.html index.php</code></p></div>
+
+ <p>Si httpd reçoit alors une requête pour
+ <code>http://www.example.com/fish/</code>, il tentera de servir le
+ fichier <code>/var/www/html/fish/index.html</code>. Si ce fichier
+ n'existe pas, il tentera de servir le fichier
+ <code>/var/www/html/fish/index.php</code>.</p>
+
+ <p>Si aucun de ces fichiers existe, httpd tentera de générer et
+ d'afficher un index du répertoire, à condition que
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_autoindex.html">mod_autoindex</a></code> ait été chargé et configuré pour le
+ permettre.</p>
+
<p>httpd supporte aussi les <a href="vhosts/">Hôtes virtuels</a>,
ce qui lui permet de traiter des requêtes pour plusieurs hôtes.
Dans ce cas, un <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code>
<p>Une autre méthode consiste à utiliser la directive <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html#alias">Alias</a></code> pour rattacher toute portion
du système de fichiers à l'arborescence du site web. Par exemple, avec</p>
-<div class="example"><p><code>Alias /docs /var/web</code></p></div>
+<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Alias "/docs" "/var/web"</pre>
+
<p>l'URL <code>http://www.example.com/docs/dir/file.html</code>
correspondra au fichier <code>/var/web/dir/file.html</code>. La
sur les <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#regex" title="voir glossaire">expressions rationnelles</a>.
Par exemple,</p>
-<div class="example"><p><code>ScriptAliasMatch ^/~([a-zA-Z0-9]+)/cgi-bin/(.+)
- /home/$1/cgi-bin/$2</code></p></div>
+<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">ScriptAliasMatch "^/~([a-zA-Z0-9]+)/cgi-bin/(.+)" "/home/$1/cgi-bin/$2"</pre>
+
<p>fera correspondre une requête du style
<code>http://example.com/~user/cgi-bin/script.cgi</code> au chemin
<code>/home/user/public_html/file.html</code>, utilisez la directive
<code>AliasMatch</code> suivante :</p>
-<div class="example"><p><code>AliasMatch ^/upages/([a-zA-Z0-9]+)(/(.*))?$
- /home/$1/public_html/$3</code></p></div>
+<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">AliasMatch "^/upages/([a-zA-Z0-9]+)(/(.*))?$" "/home/$1/public_html/$3"</pre>
+
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="redirect" id="redirect">Redirection d'URL</a></h2>
nouveau répertoire <code>/bar/</code>, vous pouvez demander aux clients
de le requérir à sa nouvelle localisation comme suit :</p>
-<div class="example"><p><code>Redirect permanent /foo/ http://www.example.com/bar/</code></p></div>
+<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Redirect permanent "/foo/" "http://www.example.com/bar/"</pre>
+
<p>Ceci aura pour effet de rediriger tout chemin d'URL commençant par
<code>/foo/</code> vers le même chemin d'URL sur le serveur
laisser toutes les autres requêtes inchangées, utilisez la
configuration suivante :</p>
-<div class="example"><p><code>RedirectMatch permanent ^/$
- http://www.example.com/startpage.html</code></p></div>
+<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RedirectMatch permanent "^/$" "http://www.example.com/startpage.html"</pre>
+
<p>De même, pour rediriger temporairement toutes les pages d'un site
vers une page particulière d'un autre site, utilisez ce qui suit :</p>
-<div class="example"><p><code>RedirectMatch temp .*
- http://othersite.example.com/startpage.html</code></p></div>
+<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RedirectMatch temp ".*" "http://othersite.example.com/startpage.html"</pre>
+
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="proxy" id="proxy">Mandataire inverse (Reverse Proxy)</a></h2>
<code>/bar/</code> sur <code>internal.example.com</code>
et les renvoie au client comme s'ils appartenaient au serveur local.</p>
-<div class="example"><p><code>
-ProxyPass /foo/ http://internal.example.com/bar/<br />
-ProxyPassReverse /foo/ http://internal.example.com/bar/<br />
-ProxyPassReverseCookieDomain internal.example.com public.example.com<br />
-ProxyPassReverseCookiePath /foo/ /bar/
-</code></p></div>
+<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">ProxyPass "/foo/" "http://internal.example.com/bar/"
+ProxyPassReverse "/foo/" "http://internal.example.com/bar/"
+ProxyPassReverseCookieDomain internal.example.com public.example.com
+ProxyPassReverseCookiePath "/foo/" "/bar/"</pre>
+
<p>La directive <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypass">ProxyPass</a></code> configure
le serveur pour rapatrier les documents appropriés, alors que la directive
d'utres contenus) situés dans la page au moment où elle est envoyée au
client en utilisant le module <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_substitute.html">mod_substitute</a></code>.</p>
-<div class="example"><p><code>
-Substitute s/internal\.example\.com/www.example.com/i
-</code></p></div>
+<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Substitute s/internal\.example\.com/www.example.com/i</pre>
+
<p>Le module <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy_html.html">mod_proxy_html</a></code> rend possible une réécriture plus
élaborée des liens en HTML et XHTML. Il permet de créer des listes
<a href="./ja/urlmapping.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
<a href="./ko/urlmapping.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
<a href="./tr/urlmapping.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a></p>
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