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<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.5</p>
-<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
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<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="../">Version 2.5</a> > <a href="./">Rewrite</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Dynamic mass virtual hosts with mod_rewrite</h1>
how you can use <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code> to create dynamically
configured virtual hosts.</p>
-<div class="warning">mod_rewrite is not the best way to configure
+<div class="warning">mod_rewrite is usually not the best way to configure
virtual hosts. You should first consider the <a href="../vhosts/mass.html">alternatives</a> before resorting to
mod_rewrite. See also the "<a href="avoid.html#vhosts">how to avoid
mod_rewrite</a> document.</div>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#simple.rewrite">Dynamic
Virtual Hosts Using <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code></a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#xtra-conf">Using a Separate Virtual Host Configuration File</a></li>
-</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html">Module documentation</a></li><li><a href="intro.html">mod_rewrite introduction</a></li><li><a href="remapping.html">Redirection and remapping</a></li><li><a href="access.html">Controlling access</a></li><li><a href="proxy.html">Proxying</a></li><li><a href="rewritemap.html">RewriteMap</a></li><li><a href="advanced.html">Advanced techniques</a></li><li><a href="avoid.html">When not to use mod_rewrite</a></li><
/ul><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
+</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html">Module documentation</a></li><li><a href="intro.html">mod_rewrite introduction</a></li><li><a href="remapping.html">Redirection and remapping</a></li><li><a href="access.html">Controlling access</a></li><li><a href="proxy.html">Proxying</a></li><li><a href="rewritemap.html">RewriteMap</a></li><li><a href="advanced.html">Advanced techniques</a></li><li><a href="avoid.html">When not to use mod_rewrite</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="section">
<h2><a name="per-hostname" id="per-hostname">Virtual Hosts For Arbitrary Hostnames</a></h2>
new VirtualHost sections.</p>
<p>In this recipe, we assume that we'll be using the hostname
- <code>www.<strong>SITE</strong>.example.com</code> for each
+ <code><strong>SITE</strong>.example.com</code> for each
user, and serve their content out of
- <code>/home/<strong>SITE</strong>/www</code>.</p>
+ <code>/home/<strong>SITE</strong>/www</code>. However, we want
+ <code>www.example.com</code> to be ommitted from this mapping.</p>
</dd>
<dt>Solution:</dt>
<dd>
-<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
-RewriteEngine on
+<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RewriteEngine on
RewriteMap lowercase int:tolower
-RewriteCond %{lowercase:%{<strong>HTTP_HOST</strong>}} ^www\.<strong>([^.]+)</strong>\.example\.com$
-RewriteRule ^(.*) /home/<strong>%1</strong>/www$1
-</pre>
+RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www\.
+RewriteCond ${lowercase:%{<strong>HTTP_HOST</strong>}} ^<strong>([^.]+)</strong>\.example\.com$
+RewriteRule ^(.*) /home/<strong>%1</strong>/www$1</pre>
</dd>
<dt>Discussion</dt>
captured into the backreferences <code>$1</code>, <code>$2</code>,
etc.</p>
+<p>The first <code>RewriteCond</code> checks to see if the hostname
+starts with <code>www.</code>, and if it does, the rewriting is
+skipped.</p>
+
<p>
As with many techniques discussed in this document, mod_rewrite really
isn't the best way to accomplish this task. You should, instead,
any <code>ScriptAlias</code> directives, we must have
<code>mod_rewrite</code> explicitly enact those mappings.</p>
-<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
-# get the server name from the Host: header
+<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"># get the server name from the Host: header
UseCanonicalName Off
# splittable logs
LogFormat "%{Host}i %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %s %b" vcommon
-CustomLog logs/access_log vcommon
+CustomLog "logs/access_log" vcommon
-<Directory /www/hosts>
+<Directory "/www/hosts">
# ExecCGI is needed here because we can't force
# CGI execution in the way that ScriptAlias does
Options FollowSymLinks ExecCGI
RewriteEngine On
# a ServerName derived from a Host: header may be any case at all
-RewriteMap lowercase int:tolower
+RewriteMap lowercase "int:tolower"
## deal with normal documents first:
# allow Alias /icons/ to work - repeat for other aliases
-RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/icons/
+RewriteCond "%{REQUEST_URI}" "!^/icons/"
# allow CGIs to work
-RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/cgi-bin/
+RewriteCond "%{REQUEST_URI}" "!^/cgi-bin/"
# do the magic
-RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ /www/hosts/${lowercase:%{SERVER_NAME}}/docs/$1
+RewriteRule "^/(.*)$" "/www/hosts/${lowercase:%{SERVER_NAME}}/docs/$1"
## and now deal with CGIs - we have to force a handler
-RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/cgi-bin/
-RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ /www/hosts/${lowercase:%{SERVER_NAME}}/cgi-bin/$1 [H=cgi-script]
-</pre>
+RewriteCond "%{REQUEST_URI}" "^/cgi-bin/"
+RewriteRule "^/(.*)$" "/www/hosts/${lowercase:%{SERVER_NAME}}/cgi-bin/$1" [H=cgi-script]</pre>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<p>The <code>httpd.conf</code> should contain the following:</p>
-<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
-RewriteEngine on
+<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RewriteEngine on
-RewriteMap lowercase int:tolower
+RewriteMap lowercase "int:tolower"
# define the map file
-RewriteMap vhost txt:/www/conf/vhost.map
+RewriteMap vhost "txt:/www/conf/vhost.map"
# deal with aliases as above
-RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/icons/
-RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/cgi-bin/
-RewriteCond ${lowercase:%{SERVER_NAME}} ^(.+)$
+RewriteCond "%{REQUEST_URI}" "!^/icons/"
+RewriteCond "%{REQUEST_URI}" "!^/cgi-bin/"
+RewriteCond "${lowercase:%{SERVER_NAME}}" "^(.+)$"
# this does the file-based remap
-RewriteCond ${vhost:%1} ^(/.*)$
-RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ %1/docs/$1
+RewriteCond "${vhost:%1}" "^(/.*)$"
+RewriteRule "^/(.*)$" "%1/docs/$1"
-RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/cgi-bin/
-RewriteCond ${lowercase:%{SERVER_NAME}} ^(.+)$
-RewriteCond ${vhost:%1} ^(/.*)$
-RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ %1/cgi-bin/$1 [H=cgi-script]
-</pre>
+RewriteCond "%{REQUEST_URI}" "^/cgi-bin/"
+RewriteCond "${lowercase:%{SERVER_NAME}}" "^(.+)$"
+RewriteCond "${vhost:%1}" "^(/.*)$"
+RewriteRule "^/cgi-bin/(.*)$" "%1/cgi-bin/$1" [H=cgi-script]</pre>
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