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-<title>Overview of new features in Apache 2.2 - Apache HTTP Server</title>
+<title>Overview of new features in Apache HTTP Server 2.2 - Apache HTTP Server</title>
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<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
-<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.1</p>
+<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
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-<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs-project/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.1</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Overview of new features in Apache 2.2</h1>
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Overview of new features in Apache HTTP Server 2.2</h1>
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<p>This document describes some of the major changes between the
<dt>Authn/Authz</dt>
<dd>The bundled authentication and authorization modules have
- been refactored. There is a new authentication backend provider
- scheme which greatly eases the construction of new authentication
- backends.</dd>
+ been refactored. The new mod_authn_alias(already removed from 2.3/2.4)
+ module can greatly simplify certain authentication configurations.
+ See <a href="#module">module name changes</a>, and
+ <a href="#developer">the developer changes</a> for more
+ information about how these changes affects users and module
+ writers.</dd>
<dt>Caching</dt>
- <dd><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_disk_cache.html">mod_disk_cache</a></code>, and
- <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_mem_cache.html">mod_mem_cache</a></code> have undergone a lot of changes
+ <dd><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache_disk.html">mod_cache_disk</a></code>, and
+ mod_mem_cache(already removed from 2.3/2.4) have undergone a lot of changes, and
are now considered production-quality. <code class="program"><a href="./programs/htcacheclean.html">htcacheclean</a></code>
- has been introduced to cleanup <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_disk_cache.html">mod_disk_cache</a></code>
+ has been introduced to clean up <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache_disk.html">mod_cache_disk</a></code>
setups.</dd>
+ <dt>Configuration</dt>
+ <dd>The default configuration layout has been simplified and
+ modularised. Configuration snippets which can be used to
+ enable commonly-used features are now bundled with Apache, and
+ can be easily added to the main server config.</dd>
+
+ <dt>Graceful stop</dt>
+ <dd>The <code class="module"><a href="./mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="./mod/worker.html">worker</a></code> and
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/event.html">event</a></code> MPMs now allow <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code>
+ to be shutdown gracefully via the
+ <a href="stopping.html#gracefulstop"><code>graceful-stop</code></a>
+ signal. The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#gracefulshutdowntimeout">GracefulShutdownTimeout</a></code> directive
+ has been added to specify an optional timeout, after which
+ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> will terminate regardless of the status
+ of any requests being served.</dd>
+
<dt>Proxying</dt>
- <dd>The new <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy_balancer.html">mod_proxy_balancer</a></code> module provides
+ <dd>The new <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy_balancer.html">mod_proxy_balancer</a></code> module provides
load balancing services for <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code>.
The new <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy_ajp.html">mod_proxy_ajp</a></code> module adds support for the
- <code>Apache JServ Protocol version 1.3</code> used by
+ <code>Apache JServ Protocol version 1.3</code> used by
<a href="http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/">Apache Tomcat</a>.</dd>
<dt>Regular Expression Library Updated</dt>
- <dd>Apache 2.2 includes version 5.0 of the
+ <dd>Version 5.0 of the
<a href="http://www.pcre.org/">Perl Compatible Regular Expression
- Library</a> (PCRE).</dd>
+ Library</a> (PCRE) is now included. <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> can be
+ configured to use a system installation of PCRE by passing the
+ <code>--with-pcre</code> flag to configure.</dd>
<dt>Smart Filtering</dt>
<dd><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_filter.html">mod_filter</a></code> introduces dynamic configuration
variable, and dispenses with the more problematic dependencies and
ordering problems in the 2.0 architecture.</dd>
+ <dt>Large File Support</dt>
+ <dd><code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> is now built with support for files larger
+ than 2GB on modern 32-bit Unix systems. Support for handling
+ >2GB request bodies has also been added.</dd>
+
+ <dt>Event MPM</dt>
+ <dd>The <code class="module"><a href="./mod/event.html">event</a></code> MPM uses a separate thread to handle
+ Keep Alive requests and accepting connections. Keep Alive requests
+ have traditionally required httpd to dedicate a worker to handle it.
+ This dedicated worker could not be used again until the Keep Alive
+ timeout was reached.</dd>
+
+ <dt>SQL Database Support</dt>
+ <dd><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_dbd.html">mod_dbd</a></code>, together with the <code>apr_dbd</code>
+ framework, brings direct SQL support to modules that need it.
+ Supports connection pooling in threaded MPMs.</dd>
+
</dl>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="module" id="module">Module Enhancements</a></h2>
<dl>
+ <dt>Authn/Authz</dt>
+ <dd>Modules in the aaa directory have been renamed and offer
+ better support for digest authentication. For example,
+ <code>mod_auth</code> is now split into
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_auth_basic.html">mod_auth_basic</a></code> and
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_authn_file.html">mod_authn_file</a></code>; <code>mod_auth_dbm</code> is now
+ called <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_authn_dbm.html">mod_authn_dbm</a></code>; <code>mod_access</code> has
+ been renamed <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_authz_host.html">mod_authz_host</a></code>. There is also a new
+ mod_authn_alias(already removed from 2.3/2.4) module for simplifying
+ certain authentication configurations.
+ </dd>
+
<dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_authnz_ldap.html">mod_authnz_ldap</a></code></dt>
- <dd>This module is a port of the 2.0
- <code>mod_auth_ldap</code> module to the 2.2 <code>Authn/Authz</code>
- framework. New features include using LDAP attribute values and
- complicated search filters in the
- <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#require">Require</a></code> directive.</dd>
+ <dd>This module is a port of the 2.0
+ <code>mod_auth_ldap</code> module to the 2.2 <code>Authn/Authz</code>
+ framework. New features include using LDAP attribute values and
+ complicated search filters in the
+ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_authz_core.html#require">Require</a></code> directive.</dd>
+
+ <dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_authz_owner.html">mod_authz_owner</a></code></dt>
+ <dd>A new module that authorizes access to files based
+ on the owner of the file on the file system</dd>
+
+ <dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_version.html">mod_version</a></code></dt>
+ <dd>A new module that allows configuration blocks to be enabled based on the
+ version number of the running server.</dd>
<dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_info.html">mod_info</a></code></dt>
<dd>Added a new <code>?config</code> argument which will show
the configuration directives as parsed by Apache, including
- their file name and line number. The module also
+ their file name and line number. The module also
shows the order of all request hooks and additional
build information, similar to <code>httpd -V</code>.</dd>
<dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_ssl.html">mod_ssl</a></code></dt>
- <dd>Added a support for
- <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2817.txt">RFC 2817</a>, which
+ <dd>Added a support for
+ <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2817.txt">RFC 2817</a>, which
allows connections to upgrade from clear text to TLS encryption.</dd>
+
+ <dt><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_imagemap.html">mod_imagemap</a></code></dt>
+ <dd><code>mod_imap</code> has been renamed to
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_imagemap.html">mod_imagemap</a></code> to avoid user confusion.</dd>
</dl>
+
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="programs" id="programs">Program Enhancements</a></h2>
lists all modules that are loaded based on the current
configuration. Unlike the <code>-l</code> option, this list
includes DSOs loaded via <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_so.html">mod_so</a></code>.</dd>
+
+ <dt><code class="program"><a href="./programs/httxt2dbm.html">httxt2dbm</a></code></dt>
+ <dd>A new program used to generate dbm files from text input,
+ for use in <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritemap">RewriteMap</a></code>
+ with the <code>dbm</code> map type.</dd>
</dl>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="developer" id="developer">Module Developer Changes</a></h2>
<dl>
- <dt>APR 1.0 API</dt>
+ <dt><a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#apr" title="see glossary">APR</a> 1.0 API</dt>
- <dd>Apache 2.2 uses the APR 1.0 API. All depreciated functions and
- symbols have been removed from <code>APR</code> and
- <code>APR-Util</code>. For details, see the
+ <dd>Apache 2.2 uses the APR 1.0 API. All deprecated functions and
+ symbols have been removed from <code>APR</code> and
+ <code>APR-Util</code>. For details, see the
<a href="http://apr.apache.org/">APR Website</a>.</dd>
+ <dt>Authn/Authz</dt>
+ <dd>The bundled authentication and authorization modules have
+ been renamed along the following lines:
+ <ul>
+ <li><code>mod_auth_*</code> -> Modules that implement an HTTP
+ authentication mechanism</li>
+ <li><code>mod_authn_*</code> -> Modules that provide a backend
+ authentication provider</li>
+ <li><code>mod_authz_*</code> -> Modules that implement
+ authorization (or access)</li>
+ <li><code>mod_authnz_*</code> -> Module that implements both
+ authentication & authorization</li>
+ </ul>
+ There is a new authentication backend provider
+ scheme which greatly eases the construction of new authentication
+ backends.</dd>
+
<dt>Connection Error Logging</dt>
<dd>A new function, <code>ap_log_cerror</code> has been added to log
- errors that occure with the client's connection. When logged,
+ errors that occur with the client's connection. When logged,
the message includes the client IP address.</dd>
<dt>Test Configuration Hook Added</dt>
<dt>Set Threaded MPM's Stacksize</dt>
- <dd>A new directive, <code>ThreadStackSize</code> has been added to
+ <dd>A new directive, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#threadstacksize">ThreadStackSize</a></code> has been added to
set the stack size on all threaded MPMs. This is required
for some third-party modules on platforms with small default
thread stack size.</dd>
<dt>Protocol handling for output filters</dt>
- <dd>In the past, every filter has been responsible for ensuring
+ <dd>In the past, every filter has been responsible for ensuring
that it generates the correct response headers where it affects
them. Filters can now delegate common protocol management to
<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_filter.html">mod_filter</a></code>, using the
<code>ap_register_output_filter_protocol</code> or
<code>ap_filter_protocol</code> calls.</dd>
+
+ <dt>Monitor hook added</dt>
+ <dd>Monitor hook enables modules to run regular/scheduled jobs
+ in the parent (root) process.</dd>
+
+ <dt>Regular expression API changes</dt>
+
+ <dd>The <code>pcreposix.h</code> header is no longer available;
+ it is replaced by the new <code>ap_regex.h</code> header. The
+ POSIX.2 <code>regex.h</code> implementation exposed by the old
+ header is now available under the <code>ap_</code> namespace
+ from <code>ap_regex.h</code>. Calls to <code>regcomp</code>,
+ <code>regexec</code> and so on can be replaced by calls to
+ <code>ap_regcomp</code>, <code>ap_regexec</code>.</dd>
+
+ <dt>DBD Framework (SQL Database API)</dt>
+
+ <dd><p>With Apache 1.x and 2.0, modules requiring an SQL backend
+ had to take responsibility for managing it themselves. Apart
+ from reinventing the wheel, this can be very inefficient, for
+ example when several modules each maintain their own connections.</p>
+
+ <p>Apache 2.1 and later provides the <code>ap_dbd</code> API for
+ managing database connections (including optimised strategies
+ for threaded and unthreaded MPMs), while APR 1.2 and later provides
+ the <code>apr_dbd</code> API for interacting with the database.</p>
+
+ <p>New modules SHOULD now use these APIs for all SQL database
+ operations. Existing applications SHOULD be upgraded to use it
+ where feasible, either transparently or as a recommended option
+ to their users.</p></dd>
</dl>
</div></div>
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-<p class="apache">Copyright
1995-2005 The Apache Software Foundation or its licensors, as applicable.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
+<p class="apache">Copyright
2011 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
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