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<div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_remoteip</h1>
<div class="toplang">
-<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_remoteip.html" title="English"> en </a></p>
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_remoteip.html" title="English"> en </a> |
+<a href="../fr/mod/mod_remoteip.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a></p>
</div>
-<table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Replaces the apparent client remote IP address and hostname
-for the request with the IP address list presented by a proxies or a load
-balancer via the request headers.
+<table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Replaces the original client IP address for the connection
+with the useragent IP address list presented by a proxies or a load balancer
+via the request headers.
</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module Identifier:</a></th><td>remoteip_module</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">Source File:</a></th><td>mod_remoteip.c</td></tr></table>
<h3>Summary</h3>
- <p>This module is used to treat the remote host which initiated the
- request as the originating remote host as identified by httpd for the
- purposes of authorization and logging, even where that remote host is
+ <p>This module is used to treat the useragent which initiated the
+ request as the originating useragent as identified by httpd for the
+ purposes of authorization and logging, even where that useragent is
behind a load balancer, front end server, or proxy server.</p>
- <p>The module replaces the apparent remote (client) IP/hostname for
- the request with the IP address reported in the request header
- configured with the <code class="directive">RemoteIPHeader</code> directive.</p>
+ <p>The module overrides the client IP address for the connection
+ with the useragent IP address reported in the request header configured
+ with the <code class="directive"><a href="#remoteipheader">RemoteIPHeader</a></code> directive.</p>
- <p>Once replaced as instructed, this apparent IP address is then used
- for <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_host.html">mod_authz_host</a></code> features
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_host.html#require host"><Require host></a></code>
- and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_host.html#require ip"><Require ip></a></code>,
- is reported by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_status.html">mod_status</a></code>, and is recorded by
- <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html">mod_log_config</a></code> <code>%a</code> and <code>%h</code>
- directives. It also determines the machine probed for an inetd
- identity by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ident.html">mod_ident</a></code> based on the
- <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_ident.html#identitycheck">IdentityCheck</a></code> configuration.</p>
+ <p>Once replaced as instructed, this overridden useragent IP address is
+ then used for the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_host.html">mod_authz_host</a></code>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_core.html#require">Require ip</a></code>
+ feature, is reported by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_status.html">mod_status</a></code>, and is recorded by
+ <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html">mod_log_config</a></code> <code>%a</code> and <code class="module"><a href="../mod/core.html">core</a></code>
+ <code>%a</code> format strings. The underlying client IP of the connection
+ is available in the <code>%{c}a</code> format string.</p>
<div class="warning">It is critical to only enable this behavior from
-
intermediate hosts (proxies, etc) which are trusted by this server, since
- it is trivial for the remote client to impersonate another client.</div>
+ it is trivial for the remote useragent to impersonate another
+ useragent.</div>
</div>
-<div id="quickview"><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
+<div id="quickview"><h3>Topics</h3>
+<ul id="topics">
+<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#processing">Remote IP Processing</a></li>
+</ul><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
<ul id="toc">
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#remoteipheader">RemoteIPHeader</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#remoteipinternalproxy">RemoteIPInternalProxy</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#remoteiptrustedproxy">RemoteIPTrustedProxy</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#remoteiptrustedproxylist">RemoteIPTrustedProxyList</a></li>
</ul>
-<h3>Topics</h3>
-<ul id="topics">
-<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#processing">Remote IP Processing</a></li>
-</ul><h3>See also</h3>
+<h3>Bugfix checklist</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="https://www.apache.org/dist/httpd/CHANGES_2.4">httpd changelog</a></li><li><a href="https://bz.apache.org/bugzilla/buglist.cgi?bug_status=__open__&list_id=144532&product=Apache%20httpd-2&query_format=specific&order=changeddate%20DESC%2Cpriority%2Cbug_severity&component=mod_remoteip">Known issues</a></li><li><a href="https://bz.apache.org/bugzilla/enter_bug.cgi?product=Apache%20httpd-2&component=mod_remoteip">Report a bug</a></li></ul><h3>See also</h3>
<ul class="seealso">
<li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_host.html">mod_authz_host</a></code></li>
<li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_status.html">mod_status</a></code></li>
<li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html">mod_log_config</a></code></li>
-<li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ident.html">mod_ident</a></code></li>
-</ul></div>
+</ul><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="processing" id="processing">Remote IP Processing</a></h2>
- <p>Apache identifies the client with the connection's remote_ip value,
- and the connection remote_host and remote_logname are derived from this
- value. These fields play a role in authentication, authorization and
- logging and other purposes by other loadable modules.</p>
+ <p>Apache by default identifies the useragent with the connection's
+ client_ip value, and the connection remote_host and remote_logname are
+ derived from this value. These fields play a role in authentication,
+ authorization and logging and other purposes by other loadable
+ modules.</p>
- <p>mod_remoteip replaces the true remote_ip with the advertised remote_ip as
- provided by a proxy, for every evaluation of the client that occurs in the
- server, and resets the remote_host and remote_logname values to trigger a
- fresh dns or ident query of the remote IP address.</p>
+ <p>mod_remoteip overrides the client IP of the connection with the
+ advertised useragent IP as provided by a proxy or load balancer, for
+ the duration of the request. A load balancer might establish a long
+ lived keepalive connection with the server, and each request will
+ have the correct useragent IP, even though the underlying client IP
+ address of the load balancer remains unchanged.</p>
- <p>When multiple, comma delimited remote IP addresses are listed in the
- header value, they are processed in Right-to-Left order. Processessing
- halts when the a given remote IP address is not trusted to present the
- preceeding IP address. The header field is updated to this remaining
+ <p>When multiple, comma delimited useragent IP addresses are listed in the
+ header value, they are processed in Right-to-Left order. Processing
+ halts when a given useragent IP address is not trusted to present the
+ preceding IP address. The header field is updated to this remaining
list of unconfirmed IP addresses, or if all IP addresses were trusted,
this header is removed from the request altogether.</p>
- <p>In replacing the remote_ip, the module stores the list of intermediate
+ <p>In overriding the client IP, the module stores the list of intermediate
hosts in a remoteip-proxy-ip-list note, which <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html">mod_log_config</a></code>
can record using the <code>%{remoteip-proxy-ip-list}n</code> format token.
If the administrator needs to store this as an additional header, this
same value can also be recording as a header using the directive
- <code class="directive">RemoteIPProxiesHeader</code>.</p>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="#remoteipproxiesheader">RemoteIPProxiesHeader</a></code>.</p>
<div class="note"><h3>IPv4-over-IPv6 Mapped Addresses</h3>
As with httpd in general, any IPv4-over-IPv6 mapped addresses are recorded
<div class="note"><h3>Internal (Private) Addresses</h3>
All internal addresses 10/8, 172.16/12, 192.168/16, 169.254/16 and 127/8
blocks (and IPv6 addresses outside of the public 2000::/3 block) are only
- evaluated by mod_remoteip when <code class="directive">RemoteIPInternalProxy</code>
- internal (intranet) proxies are registered.</div>
+ evaluated by mod_remoteip when <code class="directive"><a href="#remoteipinternalproxy">RemoteIPInternalProxy</a></code>
+ internal (intranet) proxies are registered.</div>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="RemoteIPHeader" id="RemoteIPHeader">RemoteIPHeader</a> <a name="remoteipheader" id="remoteipheader">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
-<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Declare the header field which should be parsed for client IP addresses</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Declare the header field which should be parsed for useragent IP addresses</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>RemoteIPHeader <var>header-field</var></code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_remoteip</td></tr>
</table>
- <p>The <code class="directive">RemoteIPHeader</code> directive triggers
+ <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="#remoteipheader">RemoteIPHeader</a></code> directive triggers
<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_remoteip.html">mod_remoteip</a></code> to treat the value of the specified
- <var>header-field</var> header as the client IP address, or list
- of intermediate client IP addresses, subject to further configuration
- of the <code class="directive">RemoteIPInternalProxy</code> and
- <code class="directive">RemoteIPTrustedProxy</code> directives. Unless these
- other directives are used, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_remoteip.html">mod_remoteip</a></code> will trust all
- hosts presenting a <code class="directive">RemoteIPHeader</code> IP value.</p>
+ <var>header-field</var> header as the useragent IP address, or list
+ of intermediate useragent IP addresses, subject to further configuration
+ of the <code class="directive"><a href="#remoteipinternalproxy">RemoteIPInternalProxy</a></code> and
+ <code class="directive"><a href="#remoteiptrustedproxy">RemoteIPTrustedProxy</a></code> directives.</p>
- <div class="example"><h3>Internal (Load Balancer) Example</h3><p><code>
- RemoteIPHeader X-Client-IP
- </code></p></div>
+ <div class="warning"> Unless these other directives are used, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_remoteip.html">mod_remoteip</a></code>
+ will trust all hosts presenting a non internal address in the
+ <code class="directive"><a href="#remoteipheader">RemoteIPHeader</a></code> header value.
+ </div>
- <div class="example"><h3>Proxy Example</h3><p><code>
- RemoteIPHeader X-Forwarded-For
- </code></p></div>
+ <div class="example"><h3>Internal (Load Balancer) Example</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RemoteIPHeader X-Client-IP</pre>
+</div>
+
+ <div class="example"><h3>Proxy Example</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RemoteIPHeader X-Forwarded-For</pre>
+</div>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_remoteip</td></tr>
</table>
- <p>The <code class="directive">RemoteIPInternalProxy</code> directive adds one
+ <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="#remoteipinternalproxy">RemoteIPInternalProxy</a></code> directive adds one
or more addresses (or address blocks) to trust as presenting a valid
- RemoteIPHeader value of the client IP. Unlike the
- <code class="directive">RemoteIPTrustedProxy</code> directive, any IP address
- presented in this header, including private intranet addresses, are
+ RemoteIPHeader value of the useragent IP. Unlike the
+ <code class="directive"><a href="#remoteiptrustedproxy">RemoteIPTrustedProxy</a></code> directive, any IP address
+ presented in this header, including private intranet addresses, are
trusted when passed from these proxies.</p>
- <div class="example"><h3>Internal (Load Balancer) Example</h3><p><code>
- RemoteIPHeader X-Client-IP<br />
- RemoteIPTrustedProxy 10.0.2.0/24<br />
- RemoteIPTrustedProxy gateway.localdomain
- </code></p></div>
+ <div class="example"><h3>Internal (Load Balancer) Example</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RemoteIPHeader X-Client-IP
+RemoteIPInternalProxy 10.0.2.0/24
+RemoteIPInternalProxy gateway.localdomain</pre>
+</div>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_remoteip</td></tr>
</table>
- <p>The <code class="directive">RemoteIPInternalProxyList</code> directive specifies
+ <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="#remoteipinternalproxylist">RemoteIPInternalProxyList</a></code> directive specifies
a file parsed at startup, and builds a list of addresses (or address blocks)
- to trust as presenting a valid RemoteIPHeader value of the client IP.</p>
+ to trust as presenting a valid RemoteIPHeader value of the useragent IP.</p>
<p>The '<code>#</code>' hash character designates a comment line, otherwise
- each whitespace or newline seperated entry is processed identically to
- the <code class="directive">RemoteIPInternalProxy</code> directive.</p>
+ each whitespace or newline separated entry is processed identically to
+ the <code class="directive"><a href="#remoteipinternalproxy">RemoteIPInternalProxy</a></code> directive.</p>
- <div class="example"><h3>Internal (Load Balancer) Example</h3><p><code>
- RemoteIPHeader X-Client-IP<br />
- RemoteIPTrustedProxyList conf/trusted-proxies.lst
- </code></p></div>
+ <div class="example"><h3>Internal (Load Balancer) Example</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RemoteIPHeader X-Client-IP
+RemoteIPInternalProxyList conf/trusted-proxies.lst</pre>
+</div>
- <div class="example"><h3>conf/trusted-proxies.lst contents</h3><p><code>
- # Our internally trusted proxies;<br />
- 10.0.2.0/24 #Everyone in the testing group<br />
- gateway.localdomain #The front end balancer
- </code></p></div>
+ <div class="example"><h3>conf/trusted-proxies.lst contents</h3><pre># Our internally trusted proxies;
+10.0.2.0/24 #Everyone in the testing group
+gateway.localdomain #The front end balancer</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_remoteip</td></tr>
</table>
- <p>The <code class="directive">RemoteIPProxiesHeader</code> directive specifies
+ <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="#remoteipproxiesheader">RemoteIPProxiesHeader</a></code> directive specifies
a header into which <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_remoteip.html">mod_remoteip</a></code> will collect a list of
- all of the intermediate client IP addresses trusted to resolve the actual
- remote IP. Note that intermediate <code class="directive">RemoteIPTrustedProxy</code>
- addresses are recorded in this header, while any intermediate
- <code class="directive">RemoteIPInternalProxy</code> addresses are discarded.</p>
+ all of the intermediate client IP addresses trusted to resolve the useragent
+ IP of the request. Note that intermediate
+ <code class="directive"><a href="#remoteiptrustedproxy">RemoteIPTrustedProxy</a></code> addresses are recorded in
+ this header, while any intermediate
+ <code class="directive"><a href="#remoteipinternalproxy">RemoteIPInternalProxy</a></code> addresses are discarded.</p>
- <div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><p><code>
- RemoteIPHeader X-Forwarded-For<br />
- RemoteIPProxiesHeader X-Forwarded-By
- </code></p></div>
+ <div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RemoteIPHeader X-Forwarded-For
+RemoteIPProxiesHeader X-Forwarded-By</pre>
+</div>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="RemoteIPTrustedProxy" id="RemoteIPTrustedProxy">RemoteIPTrustedProxy</a> <a name="remoteiptrustedproxy" id="remoteiptrustedproxy">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
-<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Declare client intranet IP addresses trusted to present the RemoteIPHeader value</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Restrict client IP addresses trusted to present the RemoteIPHeader value</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>RemoteIPTrustedProxy <var>proxy-ip</var>|<var>proxy-ip/subnet</var>|<var>hostname</var> ...</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_remoteip</td></tr>
</table>
- <p>The <code class="directive">RemoteIPTrustedProxy</code> directive adds one
- or more addresses (or address blocks) to trust as presenting a valid
- RemoteIPHeader value of the client IP. Unlike the
- <code class="directive">RemoteIPInternalProxy</code> directive, any intranet
+ <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="#remoteiptrustedproxy">RemoteIPTrustedProxy</a></code>
+ directive restricts which peer IP addresses (or address blocks) will be
+ trusted to present a valid RemoteIPHeader value of the useragent IP.</p>
+
+ <p> Unlike the <code class="directive"><a href="#remoteipinternalproxy">RemoteIPInternalProxy</a></code> directive, any intranet
or private IP address reported by such proxies, including the 10/8, 172.16/12,
192.168/16, 169.254/16 and 127/8 blocks (or outside of the IPv6 public
- 2000::/3 block) are not trusted as the remote IP, and are left in the
- <code class="directive">RemoteIPHeader</code> header's value.</p>
+ 2000::/3 block) are not trusted as the useragent IP, and are left in the
+ <code class="directive"><a href="#remoteipheader">RemoteIPHeader</a></code> header's value.</p>
- <div class="example"><h3>Trusted (Load Balancer) Example</h3><p><code>
- RemoteIPHeader X-Forwarded-For<br />
- RemoteIPTrustedProxy 10.0.2.16/28<br />
- RemoteIPTrustedProxy proxy.example.com
- </code></p></div>
+ <div class="warning">By default, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_remoteip.html">mod_remoteip</a></code> will trust
+ all hosts presenting a non internal address in the
+ <code class="directive"><a href="#remoteipheader">RemoteIPHeader</a></code> header value.
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="example"><h3>Trusted (Load Balancer) Example</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RemoteIPHeader X-Forwarded-For
+RemoteIPTrustedProxy 10.0.2.16/28
+RemoteIPTrustedProxy proxy.example.com</pre>
+</div>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="RemoteIPTrustedProxyList" id="RemoteIPTrustedProxyList">RemoteIPTrustedProxyList</a> <a name="remoteiptrustedproxylist" id="remoteiptrustedproxylist">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
-<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Declare client intranet IP addresses trusted to present the RemoteIPHeader value</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Restrict client IP addresses trusted to present the RemoteIPHeader value</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>RemoteIPTrustedProxyList <var>filename</var></code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_remoteip</td></tr>
</table>
- <p>The <code class="directive">RemoteIPTrustedProxyList</code> directive specifies
+ <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="#remoteiptrustedproxylist">RemoteIPTrustedProxyList</a></code> directive specifies
a file parsed at startup, and builds a list of addresses (or address blocks)
- to trust as presenting a valid RemoteIPHeader value of the client IP.</p>
+ to trust as presenting a valid RemoteIPHeader value of the useragent IP.</p>
<p>The '<code>#</code>' hash character designates a comment line, otherwise
- each whitespace or newline seperated entry is processed identically to
- the <code class="directive">RemoteIPTrustedProxy</code> directive.</p>
+ each whitespace or newline separated entry is processed identically to
+ the <code class="directive"><a href="#remoteiptrustedproxy">RemoteIPTrustedProxy</a></code> directive.</p>
- <div class="example"><h3>Trusted (Load Balancer) Example</h3><p><code>
- RemoteIPHeader X-Forwarded-For<br />
- RemoteIPTrustedProxyList conf/trusted-proxies.lst
- </code></p></div>
+ <div class="example"><h3>Trusted (Load Balancer) Example</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RemoteIPHeader X-Forwarded-For
+RemoteIPTrustedProxyList conf/trusted-proxies.lst</pre>
+</div>
<div class="example"><h3>conf/trusted-proxies.lst contents</h3><p><code>
# Identified external proxies;<br />
</div>
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projects / apache / blobdiff