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-<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">Serveur HTTP</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.
3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Apache et les variables d'environnement</h1>
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">Serveur HTTP</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.
5</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Apache et les variables d'environnement</h1>
<div class="toplang">
<p><span>Langues Disponibles: </span><a href="./en/env.html" hreflang="en" rel="alternate" title="English"> en </a> |
<a href="./fr/env.html" title="Français"> fr </a> |
<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#using">Utilisation des variables d'environnement</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#special">Variables d'environnement à usage spécial</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#examples">Exemples</a></li>
-</ul></div>
+</ul><h3>Voir aussi</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Commentaires</a></li></ul></div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="setting" id="setting">Définition des variables d'environnement</a></h2>
<p>Finalement, le module <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_unique_id.html">mod_unique_id</a></code> définit la variable
d'environnement <code>UNIQUE_ID</code> pour chaque requête à une valeur
- qui est garantie unique parmi "toutes" les requêtes sous des
- conditions très spécifiques.</p>
+ qui est garantie unique parmi "toutes" les requêtes
+ sous des conditions très spécifiques.</p>
<h3><a name="standard-cgi" id="standard-cgi">Variables CGI standards</a></h3>
cours du traitement de la requête, ce qui signifie que des
directives telles que <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_setenvif.html#setenvif">SetEnvIf</a></code> et <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritecond">RewriteCond</a></code> ne verront pas
les variables qu'elle aura définies.</li>
+
+ <li>Lorsque le serveur cherche un chemin via une <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#subrequest" title="voir glossaire">sous-requête</a> interne (par exemple la
+ recherche d'un <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_dir.html#directoryindex">DirectoryIndex</a></code>), ou lorsqu'il génère un
+ listing du contenu d'un répertoire via le module
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_autoindex.html">mod_autoindex</a></code>, la sous-requête n'hérite pas des
+ variables d'environnement spécifiques à la requête. En outre, à cause
+ des phases de l'API auxquelles <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_setenvif.html">mod_setenvif</a></code> prend
+ part, les directives <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_setenvif.html#setenvif">SetEnvIf</a></code> ne sont pas évaluées
+ séparément dans la sous-requête.</li>
</ul>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<h2><a name="using" id="using">Utilisation des variables d'environnement</a></h2>
- <table class="related"><tr><th>Modules Apparentés</th><th>Directives Apparentées</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_authz_host.html">mod_authz_host</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_ext_filter.html">mod_ext_filter</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_headers.html">mod_headers</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html">mod_log_config</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_authz_
host.html#allow">Allow</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_authz_host.html#deny">Deny</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_ext_filter.html#extfilterdefine">ExtFilterDefine</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_headers.html#header">Header</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#logformat">LogFormat</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritecond">RewriteCond</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewriterule">RewriteRule</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
+ <table class="related"><tr><th>Modules Apparentés</th><th>Directives Apparentées</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_authz_host.html">mod_authz_host</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_ext_filter.html">mod_ext_filter</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_headers.html">mod_headers</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html">mod_log_config</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_authz_
core.html#require">Require</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_access_compat.html#deny">Deny</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_ext_filter.html#extfilterdefine">ExtFilterDefine</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_headers.html#header">Header</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#logformat">LogFormat</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritecond">RewriteCond</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewriterule">RewriteRule</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
<h3><a name="cgi-scripts" id="cgi-scripts">Scripts CGI</a></h3>
<p>Si vous devez supporter un client qui envoie des en-têtes non
conformes et si ceux-ci ne peuvent pas être corrigés, il existe
une solution de contournement simple mettant en jeu les modules
- <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_setenvif.html">mod_setenvif</a></code> et <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_header.html">mod_header</a></code>,
+ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_setenvif.html">mod_setenvif</a></code> et <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_headers.html">mod_headers</a></code>,
et permettant de prendre en compte ces en-têtes :</p>
-<div class="example"><p><code>
-# <br />
-# L'exemple suivant montre comment prendre en compte un en-tête<br />
-# Accept_Encoding non conforme envoyé par un client.<br />
-#<br />
-SetEnvIfNoCase ^Accept.Encoding$ ^(.*)$ fix_accept_encoding=$1<br />
-RequestHeader set Accept-Encoding %{fix_accept_encoding}e env=fix_accept_encoding
-</code></p></div>
+<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"># L'exemple suivant montre comment prendre en compte un en-tête<br />
+# Accept_Encoding non conforme envoyé par un client.
+#
+SetEnvIfNoCase ^Accept.Encoding$ ^(.*)$ fix_accept_encoding=$1
+RequestHeader set Accept-Encoding %{fix_accept_encoding}e env=fix_accept_encoding</pre>
+
httpd.conf pour tenir compte de problèmes connus avec certains clients.
Comme les clients concernés sont maintenant très peu utilisés, cet
ajout n'est pratiquement plus nécessaire.</p>
-<div class="example"><p><code>
-#<br />
-# The following directives modify normal HTTP response behavior.<br />
-# The first directive disables keepalive for Netscape 2.x and browsers that<br />
-# spoof it. There are known problems with these browser implementations.<br />
-# The second directive is for Microsoft Internet Explorer 4.0b2<br />
-# which has a broken HTTP/1.1 implementation and does not properly<br />
-# support keepalive when it is used on 301 or 302 (redirect) responses.<br />
-#<br />
-BrowserMatch "Mozilla/2" nokeepalive<br />
-BrowserMatch "MSIE 4\.0b2;" nokeepalive downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0<br />
-<br />
-#<br />
-# The following directive disables HTTP/1.1 responses to browsers which<br />
-# are in violation of the HTTP/1.0 spec by not being able to grok a<br />
-# basic 1.1 response.<br />
-#<br />
-BrowserMatch "RealPlayer 4\.0" force-response-1.0<br />
-BrowserMatch "Java/1\.0" force-response-1.0<br />
-BrowserMatch "JDK/1\.0" force-response-1.0
-</code></p></div>
+<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">#
+# The following directives modify normal HTTP response behavior.
+# The first directive disables keepalive for Netscape 2.x and browsers that
+# spoof it. There are known problems with these browser implementations.
+# The second directive is for Microsoft Internet Explorer 4.0b2
+# which has a broken HTTP/1.1 implementation and does not properly
+# support keepalive when it is used on 301 or 302 (redirect) responses.
+#
+BrowserMatch "Mozilla/2" nokeepalive
+BrowserMatch "MSIE 4\.0b2;" nokeepalive downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0
+
+#
+# The following directive disables HTTP/1.1 responses to browsers which
+# are in violation of the HTTP/1.0 spec by not being able to grok a
+# basic 1.1 response.
+#
+BrowserMatch "RealPlayer 4\.0" force-response-1.0
+BrowserMatch "Java/1\.0" force-response-1.0
+BrowserMatch "JDK/1\.0" force-response-1.0</pre>
+
<h3><a name="no-img-log" id="no-img-log">Ne pas tracer les requêtes pour des images dans le fichier de
dans le fichier de trace des accès. Il peut être facilement adapté pour
empêcher le traçage de répertoires particuliers, ou de requêtes
en provenance de certains hôtes.</p>
- <div class="example"><p><code>
- SetEnvIf Request_URI \.gif image-request<br />
- SetEnvIf Request_URI \.jpg image-request<br />
- SetEnvIf Request_URI \.png image-request<br />
- CustomLog logs/access_log common env=!image-request
- </code></p></div>
+ <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">SetEnvIf Request_URI \.gif image-request
+SetEnvIf Request_URI \.jpg image-request
+SetEnvIf Request_URI \.png image-request
+CustomLog "logs/access_log" common env=!image-request</pre>
+
<h3><a name="image-theft" id="image-theft">Prévention du "Vol d'image"</a></h3>
recommandée, mais elle peut fonctionner dans des circonstances bien
définies. Nous supposons que toutes vos images sont enregistrées dans
un répertoire nommé <code>/web/images</code>.</p>
- <div class="example"><p><code>
- SetEnvIf Referer "^http://www\.example\.com/" local_referal<br />
- # Allow browsers that do not send Referer info<br />
- SetEnvIf Referer "^$" local_referal<br />
- <Directory /web/images><br />
- <span class="indent">
- Order Deny,Allow<br />
- Deny from all<br />
- Allow from env=local_referal
- </span>
- </Directory>
- </code></p></div>
+ <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">SetEnvIf Referer "^http://www\.example\.com/" local_referal
+# Autorise les navigateurs qui n'envoient aucune information de Referer
+SetEnvIf Referer "^$" local_referal
+<Directory "/web/images">
+ Require env local_referal
+</Directory></pre>
+
<p>Pour plus d'informations sur cette technique, voir le tutoriel sur
ServerWatch
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