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 153 \r
 154 \r
 155 </div>\r
 156 \r
 157 <div class="main">\r
 158 \r
 159 <p class="navigation-index">[<a href="#usage">Example Usage</a> &bull; <a href="#options">Option Summary</a>]</p>
 160
 161 <div class="doc-section">
 162 <p>Use the <kbd>convert</kbd> program to convert between image formats as well as resize an image, blur, crop, despeckle, dither, draw on, flip, join, re-sample, and much more.   See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html">Command Line Processing</a> for advice on how to structure your <kbd>convert</kbd> command or see below for example usages of the command.</p>
 163 </div>
 164
 165 <h2><a name="usage"></a>Example Usage</h2>
 166 <div class="doc-section">
 167
 168 <p>We list a few examples of the <kbd>convert</kbd> command here to illustrate its usefulness and ease of use.  To get started, lets convert an image in the JPEG format to PNG:</p>
 169
 170 <p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick&gt; </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose.jpg rose.png</span></p>
 171 <p>Next, we reduce the image size before it is written to the PNG format:</p>
 172
 173 <p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick&gt; </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose.jpg -resize 50% rose.png</span></p>
 174 <p class="image">
 175   <a href="../images/rose.jpg">
 176   <img src="../images/rose.jpg" width="70" height="46" alt="rose" />
 177   </a>
 178   <img style="margin-top:13px; margin-bottom:13px;" src="../images/right.gif" width="20" height="20" alt="==>" />
 179   <a href="../images/rose.png">
 180   <img style="margin-top:11px; margin-bottom:12px;" src="../images/rose.png" width="35" height="23" alt="rose" />
 181   </a>
 182 </p>
 183
 184 <p>You can combine multiple image-processing operations to produce complex results:</p>
 185
 186 <p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick&gt; </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 320x85 xc:transparent -font Bookman-DemiItalic -pointsize 72 \ <br/>
 187 -draw "text 25,60 'Magick'" -channel RGBA -gaussian 0x6 -fill darkred -stroke magenta \ <br/>
 188 -draw "text 20,55 'Magick'" fuzzy-magick.png</span></p>
 189 <p class="image">
 190   <a href="../images/fuzzy-magick.png"><img src="../images/fuzzy-magick.png" width="320" height="85" alt="fuzzy-magick" /></a>
 191 </p>
 192
 193 <p>You can find additional examples of using <kbd>convert</kbd> in <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/">Examples of ImageMagick Usage</a>.</p>
 194
 195 </div>
 196
 197 <h2><a name="options"></a>Option Summary</h2>
 198 <div class="doc-section">
 199
 200 <p>The <kbd>convert</kbd> command recognizes these options.  Click on an option to get more details about how that option works.</p>
 201
 202 <table class="doc">
 203   <tbody>
 204   <tr>
 205     <th align="left">Option</th>
 206     <th align="left">Description</th>
 207   </tr>
 208
 209   <tr>
 210     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#adaptive-blur">-adaptive-blur <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 211     <td valign="top">adaptively blur pixels; decrease effect near edges</td>
 212   </tr>
 213
 214   <tr>
 215     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#adaptive-resize">-adaptive-resize <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 216     <td valign="top">adaptively resize image with data dependent triangulation.</td>
 217   </tr>
 218
 219   <tr>
 220     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#adaptive-sharpen">-adaptive-sharpen <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 221     <td valign="top">adaptively sharpen pixels; increase effect near edges</td>
 222   </tr>
 223
 224   <tr>
 225     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#adjoin">-adjoin</a></td>
 226     <td valign="top">join images into a single multi-image file</td>
 227   </tr>
 228
 229   <tr>
 230     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#affine">-affine <em class="option">matrix</em></a></td>
 231     <td valign="top">affine transform matrix</td>
 232   </tr>
 233
 234   <tr>
 235     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#alpha">-alpha</a></td>
 236     <td valign="top">on, activate, off, deactivate, set, opaque, copy",
 237 transparent, extract, background, or shape the alpha channel</td>
 238   </tr>
 239
 240   <tr>
 241     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate <em class="option">geometry text</em></a></td>
 242     <td valign="top">annotate the image with text</td>
 243   </tr>
 244
 245   <tr>
 246     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#antialias">-antialias</a></td>
 247     <td valign="top">remove pixel-aliasing</td>
 248   </tr>
 249
 250   <tr>
 251     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#append">-append</a></td>
 252     <td valign="top">append an image sequence</td>
 253   </tr>
 254
 255   <tr>
 256     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#authenticate">-authenticate <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 257     <td valign="top">decipher image with this password</td>
 258   </tr>
 259
 260   <tr>
 261     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a></td>
 262     <td valign="top">automagically adjust gamma level of image</td>
 263   </tr>
 264
 265   <tr>
 266     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#auto-level">-auto-level</a></td>
 267     <td valign="top">automagically adjust color levels of image</td>
 268   </tr>
 269
 270   <tr>
 271     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#auto-orient">-auto-orient</a></td>
 272     <td valign="top">automagically orient image</td>
 273   </tr>
 274
 275   <tr>
 276     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#average">-average</a></td>
 277     <td valign="top">average an image sequence</td>
 278   </tr>
 279
 280   <tr>
 281     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#background">-background <em class="option">color</em></a></td>
 282     <td valign="top">background color</td>
 283   </tr>
 284
 285   <tr>
 286     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#bench">-bench <em class="option">iterations</em></a></td>
 287     <td valign="top">measure performance</td>
 288   </tr>
 289
 290   <tr>
 291     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#bias">-bias <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 292     <td valign="top">add bias when convolving an image</td>
 293   </tr>
 294
 295   <tr>
 296     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#black-threshold">-black-threshold <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 297     <td valign="top">force all pixels below the threshold into black</td>
 298   </tr>
 299
 300   <tr>
 301     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#blue-primary">-blue-primary <em class="option">point</em></a></td>
 302     <td valign="top">chromaticity blue primary point</td>
 303   </tr>
 304
 305   <tr>
 306     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#blue-shift">-blue-shift <em class="option">factor</em></a></td>
 307     <td valign="top">simulate a scene at nighttime in the moonlight</td>
 308   </tr>
 309
 310   <tr>
 311     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#blur">-blur <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 312     <td valign="top">reduce image noise and reduce detail levels</td>
 313   </tr>
 314
 315   <tr>
 316     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#border">-border <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 317     <td valign="top">surround image with a border of color</td>
 318   </tr>
 319
 320   <tr>
 321     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor <em class="option">color</em></a></td>
 322     <td valign="top">border color</td>
 323   </tr>
 324
 325   <tr>
 326     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#caption">-caption <em class="option">string</em></a></td>
 327     <td valign="top">assign a caption to an image</td>
 328   </tr>
 329
 330   <tr>
 331     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#cdl">-cdl <em class="option">filename</em></a></td>
 332     <td valign="top">color correct with a color decision list</td>
 333   </tr>
 334
 335   <tr>
 336     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#channel">-channel <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
 337     <td valign="top">apply option to select image channels</td>
 338   </tr>
 339
 340   <tr>
 341     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#charcoal">-charcoal <em class="option">radius</em></a></td>
 342     <td valign="top">simulate a charcoal drawing</td>
 343   </tr>
 344
 345   <tr>
 346     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#chop">-chop <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 347     <td valign="top">remove pixels from the image interior</td>
 348   </tr>
 349
 350   <tr>
 351     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#clamp">-clamp</a></td>
 352     <td valign="top">restrict colors from 0 to the quantum depth</td>
 353   </tr>
 354
 355   <tr>
 356     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#clip">-clip</a></td>
 357     <td valign="top">clip along the first path from the 8BIM profile</td>
 358   </tr>
 359
 360   <tr>
 361     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#clip-mask">-clip-mask</a> <em class="option">filename</em></td>
 362     <td valign="top">associate clip mask with the image</td>
 363   </tr>
 364
 365   <tr>
 366     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#clip-path">-clip-path <em class="option">id</em></a></td>
 367     <td valign="top">clip along a named path from the 8BIM profile</td>
 368   </tr>
 369
 370   <tr>
 371     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#clone">-clone <em class="option">index</em></a></td>
 372     <td valign="top">clone an image</td>
 373   </tr>
 374
 375   <tr>
 376     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#clut">-clut</a></td>
 377     <td valign="top">apply a color lookup table to the image</td>
 378   </tr>
 379
 380   <tr>
 381     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 382     <td valign="top">improve the contrast in an image by `stretching' the range of intensity value</td>
 383   </tr>
 384
 385   <tr>
 386     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#coalesce">-coalesce</a></td>
 387     <td valign="top">merge a sequence of images</td>
 388   </tr>
 389
 390   <tr>
 391     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#colorize">-colorize <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 392     <td valign="top">colorize the image with the fill color</td>
 393   </tr>
 394
 395   <tr>
 396     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#colors">-colors <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 397     <td valign="top">preferred number of colors in the image</td>
 398   </tr>
 399
 400   <tr>
 401     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#colorspace">-colorspace <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
 402     <td valign="top">set image colorspace</td>
 403   </tr>
 404
 405   <tr>
 406     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#combine">-combine</a></td>
 407     <td valign="top">combine a sequence of images</td>
 408   </tr>
 409
 410   <tr>
 411     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#comment">-comment <em class="option">string</em></a></td>
 412     <td valign="top">annotate image with comment</td>
 413   </tr>
 414
 415   <tr>
 416     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#compose">-compose <em class="option">operator</em></a></td>
 417     <td valign="top">set image composite operator</td>
 418   </tr>
 419
 420   <tr>
 421     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#composite">-composite</a></td>
 422     <td valign="top">composite image</td>
 423   </tr>
 424
 425   <tr>
 426     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#compress">-compress <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
 427     <td valign="top">image compression type</td>
 428   </tr>
 429
 430   <tr>
 431     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#contrast">-contrast</a></td>
 432     <td valign="top">enhance or reduce the image contrast</td>
 433   </tr>
 434
 435   <tr>
 436     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#convolve">-convolve <em class="option">coefficients</em></a></td>
 437     <td valign="top">apply a convolution kernel to the image</td>
 438   </tr>
 439
 440   <tr>
 441     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#crop">-crop <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 442     <td valign="top">crop the image</td>
 443   </tr>
 444
 445   <tr>
 446     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#cycle">-cycle <em class="option">amount</em></a></td>
 447     <td valign="top">cycle the image colormap</td>
 448   </tr>
 449
 450   <tr>
 451     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#decipher">-decipher <em class="option">filename</em></a></td>
 452     <td valign="top">convert cipher pixels to plain</td>
 453   </tr>
 454
 455   <tr>
 456     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#debug">-debug <em class="option">events</em></a></td>
 457     <td valign="top">display copious debugging information</td>
 458   </tr>
 459
 460   <tr>
 461     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#define">-define <em class="option">format:option</em></a></td>
 462     <td valign="top">define one or more image format options</td>
 463   </tr>
 464
 465   <tr>
 466     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#deconstruct">-deconstruct</a></td>
 467     <td valign="top">break down an image sequence into constituent parts</td>
 468   </tr>
 469
 470   <tr>
 471     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#delay">-delay <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 472     <td valign="top">display the next image after pausing</td>
 473   </tr>
 474
 475   <tr>
 476     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#delete">-delete <em class="option">index</em></a></td>
 477     <td valign="top">delete the image from the image sequence</td>
 478   </tr>
 479
 480   <tr>
 481     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#density">-density <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 482     <td valign="top">horizontal and vertical density of the image</td>
 483   </tr>
 484
 485   <tr>
 486     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#depth">-depth <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 487     <td valign="top">image depth</td>
 488   </tr>
 489
 490   <tr>
 491     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#despeckle">-despeckle</a></td>
 492     <td valign="top">reduce the speckles within an image</td>
 493   </tr>
 494
 495   <tr>
 496     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#display">-display <em class="option">server</em></a></td>
 497     <td valign="top">get image or font from this X server</td>
 498   </tr>
 499
 500   <tr>
 501     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#dispose">-dispose <em class="option">method</em></a></td>
 502     <td valign="top">layer disposal method</td>
 503   </tr>
 504
 505   <tr>
 506     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#distort">-distort <em class="option">type coefficients</em></a></td>
 507     <td valign="top">distort image</td>
 508   </tr>
 509
 510   <tr>
 511     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#dither">-dither  <em class="option">method</em></a></td>
 512     <td valign="top">apply error diffusion to image</td>
 513   </tr>
 514
 515   <tr>
 516     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#draw">-draw <em class="option">string</em></a></td>
 517     <td valign="top">annotate the image with a graphic primitive</td>
 518   </tr>
 519
 520   <tr>
 521     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#edge">-edge <em class="option">radius</em></a></td>
 522     <td valign="top">apply a filter to detect edges in the image</td>
 523   </tr>
 524
 525   <tr>
 526     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#emboss">-emboss <em class="option">radius</em></a></td>
 527     <td valign="top">emboss an image</td>
 528   </tr>
 529
 530   <tr>
 531     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#encipher">-encipher <em class="option">filename</em></a></td>
 532     <td valign="top">convert plain pixels to cipher pixels</td>
 533   </tr>
 534
 535   <tr>
 536     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#encoding">-encoding <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
 537     <td valign="top">text encoding type</td>
 538   </tr>
 539
 540   <tr>
 541     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#endian">-endian <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
 542     <td valign="top">endianness (MSB or LSB) of the image</td>
 543   </tr>
 544
 545   <tr>
 546     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#enhance">-enhance</a></td>
 547     <td valign="top">apply a digital filter to enhance a noisy image</td>
 548   </tr>
 549
 550   <tr>
 551     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#equalize">-equalize</a></td>
 552     <td valign="top">perform histogram equalization to an image</td>
 553   </tr>
 554
 555   <tr>
 556     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate <em class="option">operator value</em></a></td>
 557     <td valign="top">evaluate an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression</td>
 558   </tr>
 559
 560   <tr>
 561     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#extent">-extent <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 562     <td valign="top">set the image size</td>
 563   </tr>
 564
 565   <tr>
 566     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#extract">-extract <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 567     <td valign="top">extract area from image</td>
 568   </tr>
 569
 570   <tr>
 571     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#family">-family <em class="option">name</em></a></td>
 572     <td valign="top">render text with this font family</td>
 573   </tr>
 574
 575   <tr>
 576     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#fft">-fft</a></td>
 577     <td valign="top">implments the discrete Fourier transform (DFT)</td>
 578   </tr>
 579
 580   <tr>
 581     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#fill">-fill <em class="option">color</em></a></td>
 582     <td valign="top">color to use when filling a graphic primitive</td>
 583   </tr>
 584
 585   <tr>
 586     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#filter">-filter <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
 587     <td valign="top">use this filter when resizing an image</td>
 588   </tr>
 589
 590   <tr>
 591     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#flatten">-flatten</a></td>
 592     <td valign="top">flatten a sequence of images</td>
 593   </tr>
 594
 595   <tr>
 596     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#flip">-flip</a></td>
 597     <td valign="top">flip image in the vertical direction</td>
 598   </tr>
 599
 600   <tr>
 601     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#floodfill">-floodfill <em class="option">geometry color</em></a></td>
 602     <td valign="top">floodfill the image with color</td>
 603   </tr>
 604
 605   <tr>
 606     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#flop">-flop</a></td>
 607     <td valign="top">flop image in the horizontal direction</td>
 608   </tr>
 609
 610   <tr>
 611     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#font">-font <em class="option">name</em></a></td>
 612     <td valign="top">render text with this font</td>
 613   </tr>
 614
 615   <tr>
 616     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#format_identify_">-format <em class="option">string</em></a></td>
 617     <td valign="top">output formatted image characteristics</td>
 618   </tr>
 619
 620   <tr>
 621     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#frame">-frame <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 622     <td valign="top">surround image with an ornamental border</td>
 623   </tr>
 624
 625   <tr>
 626     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#function">-function <em class="option">name</em></a></td>
 627     <td valign="top">apply a function to the image</td>
 628   </tr>
 629
 630   <tr>
 631     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#fuzz">-fuzz <em class="option">distance</em></a></td>
 632     <td valign="top">colors within this distance are considered equal</td>
 633   </tr>
 634
 635   <tr>
 636     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#fx">-fx <em class="option">expression</em></a></td>
 637     <td valign="top">apply mathematical expression to an image channel(s)</td>
 638   </tr>
 639
 640   <tr>
 641     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#gamma">-gamma <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 642     <td valign="top">level of gamma correction</td>
 643   </tr>
 644
 645   <tr>
 646     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#gaussian">-gaussian <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 647     <td valign="top">reduce image noise and reduce detail levels</td>
 648   </tr>
 649
 650   <tr>
 651     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#geometry">-geometry <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 652     <td valign="top">preferred size or location of the image</td>
 653   </tr>
 654
 655   <tr>
 656     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
 657     <td valign="top">horizontal and vertical text placement</td>
 658   </tr>
 659
 660   <tr>
 661     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#green-primary">-green-primary <em class="option">point</em></a></td>
 662     <td valign="top">chromaticity green primary point</td>
 663   </tr>
 664
 665   <tr>
 666     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#help">-help</a></td>
 667     <td valign="top">print program options</td>
 668   </tr>
 669
 670   <tr>
 671     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#identify">-identify</a></td>
 672     <td valign="top">identify the format and characteristics of the image</td>
 673   </tr>
 674
 675   <tr>
 676     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#ift">-ift</a></td>
 677     <td valign="top">implements the inverse discrete Fourier transform (DFT)</td>
 678   </tr>
 679
 680   <tr>
 681     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#implode">-implode <em class="option">amount</em></a></td>
 682     <td valign="top">implode image pixels about the center</td>
 683   </tr>
 684
 685   <tr>
 686     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#insert">-insert <em class="option">index</em></a></td>
 687     <td valign="top">insert last image into the image sequence</td>
 688   </tr>
 689
 690   <tr>
 691     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#intent">-intent <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
 692     <td valign="top">type of rendering intent when managing the image color</td>
 693   </tr>
 694
 695   <tr>
 696     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#interlace">-interlace <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
 697     <td valign="top">type of image interlacing scheme</td>
 698   </tr>
 699
 700   <tr>
 701     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#interline-spacing">-interline-spacing <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 702     <td valign="top">the space between two text lines</td>
 703   </tr>
 704
 705   <tr>
 706     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#interpolate">-interpolate <em class="option">method</em></a></td>
 707     <td valign="top">pixel color interpolation method</td>
 708   </tr>
 709
 710   <tr>
 711     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#interword-spacing">-interword-spacing <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 712     <td valign="top">the space between two words</td>
 713   </tr>
 714
 715   <tr>
 716     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#kerning">-kerning <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 717     <td valign="top">the space between two characters</td>
 718   </tr>
 719
 720   <tr>
 721     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#label">-label <em class="option">string</em></a></td>
 722     <td valign="top">assign a label to an image</td>
 723   </tr>
 724
 725   <tr>
 726     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#lat">-lat <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 727     <td valign="top">local adaptive thresholding</td>
 728   </tr>
 729
 730   <tr>
 731     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#layers">-layers <em class="option">method</em></a></td>
 732     <td valign="top">optimize or compare image layers</td>
 733   </tr>
 734
 735   <tr>
 736     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#level">-level <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 737     <td valign="top">adjust the level of image contrast</td>
 738   </tr>
 739
 740   <tr>
 741     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#limit">-limit <em class="option">type value</em></a></td>
 742     <td valign="top">pixel cache resource limit</td>
 743   </tr>
 744
 745   <tr>
 746     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#linear-stretch">-linear-stretch <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 747     <td valign="top">linear with saturation histogram stretch</td>
 748   </tr>
 749
 750   <tr>
 751     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#liquid-rescale">-liquid-rescale <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 752     <td valign="top">rescale image with seam-carving</td>
 753   </tr>
 754
 755   <tr>
 756     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#log">-log <em class="option">format</em></a></td>
 757     <td valign="top">format of debugging information</td>
 758   </tr>
 759
 760   <tr>
 761     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#loop">-loop <em class="option">iterations</em></a></td>
 762     <td valign="top">add Netscape loop extension to your GIF animation</td>
 763   </tr>
 764
 765   <tr>
 766     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#mask">-mask <em class="option">filename</em></a></td>
 767     <td valign="top">associate a mask with the image</td>
 768   </tr>
 769
 770   <tr>
 771     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#mattecolor">-mattecolor <em class="option">color</em></a></td>
 772     <td valign="top">frame color</td>
 773   </tr>
 774
 775   <tr>
 776     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#median">-median <em class="option">radius</em></a></td>
 777     <td valign="top">apply a median filter to the image</td>
 778   </tr>
 779
 780   <tr>
 781     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#modulate">-modulate <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 782     <td valign="top">vary the brightness, saturation, and hue</td>
 783   </tr>
 784
 785   <tr>
 786     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#monitor">-monitor</a></td>
 787     <td valign="top">monitor progress</td>
 788   </tr>
 789
 790   <tr>
 791     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#monochrome">-monochrome</a></td>
 792     <td valign="top">transform image to black and white</td>
 793   </tr>
 794
 795   <tr>
 796     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#morph">-morph <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 797     <td valign="top">morph an image sequence</td>
 798   </tr>
 799
 800   <tr>
 801     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#motion-blur">-motion-blur <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 802     <td valign="top">simulate motion blur</td>
 803   </tr>
 804
 805   <tr>
 806     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#negate">-negate</a></td>
 807     <td valign="top">replace every pixel with its complementary color </td>
 808   </tr>
 809
 810   <tr>
 811     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#noise">-noise <em class="option">radius</em></a></td>
 812     <td valign="top">add or reduce noise in an image</td>
 813   </tr>
 814
 815   <tr>
 816     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#normalize">-normalize</a></td>
 817     <td valign="top">transform image to span the full range of colors</td>
 818   </tr>
 819
 820   <tr>
 821     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#opaque">-opaque <em class="option">color</em></a></td>
 822     <td valign="top">change this color to the fill color</td>
 823   </tr>
 824
 825   <tr>
 826     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither <em class="option">NxN</em></a></td>
 827     <td valign="top">ordered dither the image</td>
 828   </tr>
 829
 830   <tr>
 831     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#orient">-orient <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
 832     <td valign="top">image orientation</td>
 833   </tr>
 834
 835   <tr>
 836     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#page">-page <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 837     <td valign="top">size and location of an image canvas (setting)</td>
 838   </tr>
 839
 840   <tr>
 841     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#paint">-paint <em class="option">radius</em></a></td>
 842     <td valign="top">simulate an oil painting</td>
 843   </tr>
 844
 845   <tr>
 846     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#ping">-ping</a></td>
 847     <td valign="top">efficiently determine image attributes</td>
 848   </tr>
 849
 850   <tr>
 851     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#pointsize">-pointsize <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 852     <td valign="top">font point size</td>
 853   </tr>
 854
 855   <tr>
 856     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#polaroid">-polaroid <em class="option">angle</em></a></td>
 857     <td valign="top">simulate a Polaroid picture</td>
 858   </tr>
 859
 860   <tr>
 861     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#posterize">-posterize <em class="option">levels</em></a></td>
 862     <td valign="top">reduce the image to a limited number of color levels</td>
 863   </tr>
 864
 865   <tr>
 866     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#preview">-preview <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
 867     <td valign="top">image preview type</td>
 868   </tr>
 869
 870   <tr>
 871     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#print">-print <em class="option">string</em></a></td>
 872     <td valign="top">interpret string and print to console</td>
 873   </tr>
 874
 875   <tr>
 876     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#process">-process <em class="option">image-filter</em></a></td>
 877     <td valign="top">process the image with a custom image filter</td>
 878   </tr>
 879
 880   <tr>
 881     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#profile">-profile <em class="option">filename</em></a></td>
 882     <td valign="top">add, delete, or apply an image profile</td>
 883   </tr>
 884
 885   <tr>
 886     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#quality">-quality <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 887     <td valign="top">JPEG/MIFF/PNG compression level</td>
 888   </tr>
 889
 890   <tr>
 891     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#quantize">-quantize <em class="option">colorspace</em></a></td>
 892     <td valign="top">reduce image colors in this colorspace</td>
 893   </tr>
 894
 895   <tr>
 896     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#quiet">-quiet</a></td>
 897     <td valign="top">suppress all warning messages</td>
 898   </tr>
 899
 900   <tr>
 901     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#radial-blur">-radial-blur <em class="option">angle</em></a></td>
 902     <td valign="top">radial blur the image</td>
 903   </tr>
 904
 905   <tr>
 906     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#raise">-raise <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 907     <td valign="top">lighten/darken image edges to create a 3-D effect</td>
 908   </tr>
 909
 910   <tr>
 911     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#random-threshold">-random-threshold <em class="option">low,high</em></a></td>
 912     <td valign="top">random threshold the image</td>
 913   </tr>
 914
 915   <tr>
 916     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#recolor">-recolor <em class="option">matrix</em></a></td>
 917     <td valign="top">translate, scale, shear, or rotate image colors.</td>
 918   </tr>
 919
 920   <tr>
 921     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#red-primary">-red-primary <em class="option">point</em></a></td>
 922     <td valign="top">chromaticity red primary point</td>
 923   </tr>
 924
 925   <tr>
 926     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#regard-warnings">-regard-warnings</a></td>
 927     <td valign="top">pay attention to warning messages.</td>
 928   </tr>
 929
 930   <tr>
 931     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#region">-region <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 932     <td valign="top">apply options to a portion of the image</td>
 933   </tr>
 934
 935   <tr>
 936     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#remap">-remap <em class="option">filename</em></a></td>
 937     <td valign="top">transform image colors to match this set of colors</td>
 938   </tr>
 939
 940   <tr>
 941     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#render">-render</a></td>
 942     <td valign="top">render vector graphics</td>
 943   </tr>
 944
 945   <tr>
 946     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#repage">-repage <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 947     <td valign="top">size and location of an image canvas</td>
 948   </tr>
 949
 950   <tr>
 951     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#resample">-resample <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 952     <td valign="top">change the resolution of an image</td>
 953   </tr>
 954
 955   <tr>
 956     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#resize">-resize <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 957     <td valign="top">resize the image</td>
 958   </tr>
 959
 960   <tr>
 961     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#respect-parentheses">-respect-parentheses</a></td>
 962     <td valign="top">settings remain in effect until parenthesis boundary.</td>
 963   </tr>
 964
 965   <tr>
 966     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#roll">-roll <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 967     <td valign="top">roll an image vertically or horizontally</td>
 968   </tr>
 969
 970   <tr>
 971     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#rotate">-rotate <em class="option">degrees</em></a></td>
 972     <td valign="top">apply Paeth rotation to the image</td>
 973   </tr>
 974
 975   <tr>
 976     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sample">-sample <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 977     <td valign="top">scale image with pixel sampling</td>
 978   </tr>
 979
 980   <tr>
 981     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 982     <td valign="top">horizontal and vertical sampling factor</td>
 983   </tr>
 984
 985   <tr>
 986     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#scale">-scale <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 987     <td valign="top">scale the image</td>
 988   </tr>
 989
 990   <tr>
 991     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#scene">-scene <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 992     <td valign="top">image scene number</td>
 993   </tr>
 994
 995   <tr>
 996     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#seed">-seed <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 997     <td valign="top">seed a new sequence of pseudo-random numbers</td>
 998   </tr>
 999
1000   <tr>
1001     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#segment">-segment <em class="option">values</em></a></td>
1002     <td valign="top">segment an image</td>
1003   </tr>
1004
1005   <tr>
1006     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#threshold">-selective-blur <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1007     <td valign="top">selectively blur pixels within a contrast threshold</td>
1008   </tr>
1009
1010   <tr>
1011     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#separate">-separate</a></td>
1012     <td valign="top">separate an image channel into a grayscale image</td>
1013   </tr>
1014
1015   <tr>
1016     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sepia-tone">-sepia-tone <em class="option">threshold</em></a></td>
1017     <td valign="top">simulate a sepia-toned photo</td>
1018   </tr>
1019
1020   <tr>
1021     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#set">-set <em class="option">attribute value</em></a></td>
1022     <td valign="top">set an image attribute</td>
1023   </tr>
1024
1025   <tr>
1026     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#shade">-shade <em class="option">degrees</em></a></td>
1027     <td valign="top">shade the image using a distant light source</td>
1028   </tr>
1029
1030   <tr>
1031     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#shadow">-shadow <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1032     <td valign="top">simulate an image shadow</td>
1033   </tr>
1034
1035   <tr>
1036     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sharpen">-sharpen <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1037     <td valign="top">sharpen the image</td>
1038   </tr>
1039
1040   <tr>
1041     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#shave">-shave <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1042     <td valign="top">shave pixels from the image edges</td>
1043   </tr>
1044
1045   <tr>
1046     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#shear">-shear <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1047     <td valign="top">slide one edge of the image along the X or Y axis</td>
1048   </tr>
1049
1050   <tr>
1051     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sigmoidal">-sigmoidal-contrast <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1052     <td valign="top">increase the contrast without saturating highlights or shadows</td>
1053   </tr>
1054
1055   <tr>
1056     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#size">-size <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1057     <td valign="top">width and height of image</td>
1058   </tr>
1059
1060   <tr>
1061     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sketch">-sketch <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1062     <td valign="top">simulate a pencil sketch</td>
1063   </tr>
1064
1065   <tr>
1066     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#solarize">-solarize <em class="option">threshold</em></a></td>
1067     <td valign="top">negate all pixels above the threshold level</td>
1068   </tr>
1069
1070   <tr>
1071     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#splice">-splice <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1072     <td valign="top">splice the background color into the image</td>
1073   </tr>
1074
1075   <tr>
1076     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#spread">-spread <em class="option">radius</em></a></td>
1077     <td valign="top">displace image pixels by a random amount</td>
1078   </tr>
1079
1080   <tr>
1081     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#strip">-strip</a></td>
1082     <td valign="top">strip image of all profiles and comments</td>
1083   </tr>
1084
1085   <tr>
1086     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke <em class="option">color</em></a></td>
1087     <td valign="top">graphic primitive stroke color</td>
1088   </tr>
1089
1090   <tr>
1091     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#strokewidth">-strokewidth <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
1092     <td valign="top">graphic primitive stroke width</td>
1093   </tr>
1094
1095   <tr>
1096     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
1097     <td valign="top">render text with this font stretch</td>
1098   </tr>
1099
1100   <tr>
1101     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#style">-style <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
1102     <td valign="top">render text with this font style</td>
1103   </tr>
1104
1105   <tr>
1106     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#swap">-swap <em class="option">indexes</em></a></td>
1107     <td valign="top">swap two images in the image sequence</td>
1108   </tr>
1109
1110   <tr>
1111     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#swirl">-swirl <em class="option">degrees</em></a></td>
1112     <td valign="top">swirl image pixels about the center</td>
1113   </tr>
1114
1115   <tr>
1116     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#texture">-texture <em class="option">filename</em></a></td>
1117     <td valign="top">name of texture to tile onto the image background</td>
1118   </tr>
1119
1120   <tr>
1121     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#threshold">-threshold <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
1122     <td valign="top">threshold the image</td>
1123   </tr>
1124
1125   <tr>
1126     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#thumbnail">-thumbnail <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1127     <td valign="top">create a thumbnail of the image</td>
1128   </tr>
1129
1130   <tr>
1131     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#tile">-tile <em class="option">filename</em></a></td>
1132     <td valign="top">tile image when filling a graphic primitive</td>
1133   </tr>
1134
1135   <tr>
1136     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#tile-offset">-tile-offset <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1137     <td valign="top">set the image tile offset</td>
1138   </tr>
1139
1140   <tr>
1141     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#tint">-tint <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
1142     <td valign="top">tint the image with the fill color</td>
1143   </tr>
1144
1145   <tr>
1146     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transform">-transform</a></td>
1147     <td valign="top">affine transform image</td>
1148   </tr>
1149
1150   <tr>
1151     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transparent">-transparent <em class="option">color</em></a></td>
1152     <td valign="top">make this color transparent within the image</td>
1153   </tr>
1154
1155   <tr>
1156     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transparent-color">-transparent-color <em class="option">color</em></a></td>
1157     <td valign="top">transparent color</td>
1158   </tr>
1159
1160   <tr>
1161     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transpose">-transpose</a></td>
1162     <td valign="top">flip image in the vertical direction and rotate 90 degrees</td>
1163   </tr>
1164
1165   <tr>
1166     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transverse">-transverse</a></td>
1167     <td valign="top">flop image in the horizontal direction and rotate 270 degrees</td>
1168   </tr>
1169
1170   <tr>
1171     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#treedepth">-treedepth <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
1172     <td valign="top">color tree depth</td>
1173   </tr>
1174
1175   <tr>
1176     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#trim">-trim</a></td>
1177     <td valign="top">trim image edges</td>
1178   </tr>
1179
1180   <tr>
1181     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#type">-type <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
1182     <td valign="top">image type</td>
1183   </tr>
1184
1185   <tr>
1186     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#undercolor">-undercolor <em class="option">color</em></a></td>
1187     <td valign="top">annotation bounding box color</td>
1188   </tr>
1189
1190   <tr>
1191     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#unique-colors">-unique-colors</a></td>
1192     <td valign="top">discard all but one of any pixel color.</td>
1193   </tr>
1194
1195   <tr>
1196     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#units">-units <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
1197     <td valign="top">the units of image resolution</td>
1198   </tr>
1199
1200   <tr>
1201     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#unsharp">-unsharp <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1202     <td valign="top">sharpen the image</td>
1203   </tr>
1204
1205   <tr>
1206     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#verbose">-verbose</a></td>
1207     <td valign="top">print detailed information about the image</td>
1208   </tr>
1209
1210   <tr>
1211     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#version">-version</a></td>
1212     <td valign="top">print version information</td>
1213   </tr>
1214
1215   <tr>
1216     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#view">-view</a></td>
1217     <td valign="top">FlashPix viewing transforms</td>
1218   </tr>
1219
1220   <tr>
1221     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#vignette">-vignette <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1222     <td valign="top">soften the edges of the image in vignette style</td>
1223   </tr>
1224
1225   <tr>
1226     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel <em class="option">method</em></a></td>
1227     <td valign="top">access method for pixels outside the boundaries of the image</td>
1228   </tr>
1229
1230   <tr>
1231     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#wave">-wave <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1232     <td valign="top">alter an image along a sine wave</td>
1233   </tr>
1234
1235   <tr>
1236     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#weight">-weight <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
1237     <td valign="top">render text with this font weight</td>
1238   </tr>
1239
1240   <tr>
1241     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#white-point">-white-point <em class="option">point</em></a></td>
1242     <td valign="top">chromaticity white point</td>
1243   </tr>
1244
1245   <tr>
1246     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#white-threshold">-white-threshold <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
1247     <td valign="top">force all pixels above the threshold into white</td>
1248   </tr>
1249
1250   <tr>
1251     <td valign="top"><a href="../www/command-line-options.html#write">-write <em class="option">filename</em></a></td>
1252     <td valign="top">write images to this file</td>
1253   </tr>
1254
1255   </tbody>
1256 </table>
1257
1258 </div>
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