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60 <p class="lead magick-description">Use the <code>convert</code> program to convert between image formats as well as resize an image, blur, crop, despeckle, dither, draw on, flip, join, re-sample, and much more.   See <a href="command-line-processing.html">Command Line Processing</a> for advice on how to structure your <code>convert</code> command or see below for example usages of the command.</p>
61
62 <p>We list a few examples of the <code>convert</code> command here to illustrate its usefulness and ease of use.  To get started, lets convert an image in the JPEG format to PNG:</p>
63
64 <pre>
65 convert rose.jpg rose.png
66 </pre>
67
68 <p>Next, we reduce the image size before it is written to the PNG format:</p>
69
70 <pre>
71 convert rose.jpg -resize 50% rose.png
72 </pre>
73
74 <ul>
75   <a href="../images/rose.jpg">
76   <img src="../images/rose.jpg" width="70" height="46" alt="rose" />
77   </a>
78   <img style="margin-top:13px; margin-bottom:13px;" src="../images/right.gif" width="20" height="20" alt="==>" />
79   <a href="../images/rose.png">
80   <img style="margin-top:11px; margin-bottom:12px;" src="../images/rose.png" width="35" height="23" alt="rose" />
81   </a>
82 </ul>
83
84 <p>You can combine multiple image-processing operations to produce complex results:</p>
85
86 <pre>
87 convert -size 320x85 canvas:none -font Bookman-DemiItalic -pointsize 72 \
88   -draw "text 25,60 \'Magick\'" -channel RGBA -blur 0x6 -fill darkred -stroke magenta \
89   -draw "text 20,55 \'Magick\'" fuzzy-magick.png
90 </pre>
91
92 <ul>
93   <a href="../images/fuzzy-magick.png"><img src="../images/fuzzy-magick.png" width="320" height="85" alt="fuzzy-magick" /></a>
94 </ul>
95
96 <p>or here we resize an image with improved quality:</p>
97
98 <pre>
99 convert input.png -colorspace RGB +sigmoidal-contrast 11.6933 \
100   -define filter:filter=Sinc -define filter:window=Jinc -define filter:lobes=3 \
101   -resize 400% -sigmoidal-contrast 11.6933 -colorspace sRGB output.png');
102 </pre>
103
104 <p>You can find additional examples of using <code>convert</code> in <a href="https://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/">Examples of ImageMagick Usage</a>.</p>
105
106 <h2 class="magick-header"><a id="options"></a>Option Summary</h2>
107
108 <p>The <code>convert</code> command recognizes these options.  Click on an option to get more details about how that option works.</p>
109
110 <div class="table-responsive">
111 <table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
112   <tr>
113     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#adaptive-blur">-adaptive-blur <var>geometry</var></a></td>
114     <td>adaptively blur pixels; decrease effect near edges</td>
115   </tr>
116
117   <tr>
118     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#adaptive-resize">-adaptive-resize <var>geometry</var></a></td>
119     <td>adaptively resize image with data dependent triangulation.</td>
120   </tr>
121
122   <tr>
123     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#adaptive-sharpen">-adaptive-sharpen <var>geometry</var></a></td>
124     <td>adaptively sharpen pixels; increase effect near edges</td>
125   </tr>
126
127   <tr>
128     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">-adjoin</a></td>
129     <td>join images into a single multi-image file</td>
130   </tr>
131
132   <tr>
133     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#affine">-affine <var>matrix</var></a></td>
134     <td>affine transform matrix</td>
135   </tr>
136
137   <tr>
138     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha">-alpha</a></td>
139     <td>on, activate, off, deactivate, set, opaque, copy",
140 transparent, extract, background, or shape the alpha channel</td>
141   </tr>
142
143   <tr>
144     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate <var>geometry text</var></a></td>
145     <td>annotate the image with text</td>
146   </tr>
147
148   <tr>
149     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#antialias">-antialias</a></td>
150     <td>remove pixel-aliasing</td>
151   </tr>
152
153   <tr>
154     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#append">-append</a></td>
155     <td>append an image sequence</td>
156   </tr>
157
158   <tr>
159     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#authenticate">-authenticate <var>value</var></a></td>
160     <td>decipher image with this password</td>
161   </tr>
162
163   <tr>
164     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a></td>
165     <td>automagically adjust gamma level of image</td>
166   </tr>
167
168   <tr>
169     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level">-auto-level</a></td>
170     <td>automagically adjust color levels of image</td>
171   </tr>
172
173   <tr>
174     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#auto-orient">-auto-orient</a></td>
175     <td>automagically orient image</td>
176   </tr>
177
178   <tr>
179     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#background">-background <var>color</var></a></td>
180     <td>background color</td>
181   </tr>
182
183   <tr>
184     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#bench">-bench <var>iterations</var></a></td>
185     <td>measure performance</td>
186   </tr>
187
188   <tr>
189     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#bias">-bias <var>value</var></a></td>
190     <td>add bias when convolving an image</td>
191   </tr>
192
193   <tr>
194     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#black-threshold">-black-threshold <var>value</var></a></td>
195     <td>force all pixels below the threshold into black</td>
196   </tr>
197
198   <tr>
199     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#blue-primary">-blue-primary <var>point</var></a></td>
200     <td>chromaticity blue primary point</td>
201   </tr>
202
203   <tr>
204     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#blue-shift">-blue-shift <var>factor</var></a></td>
205     <td>simulate a scene at nighttime in the moonlight</td>
206   </tr>
207
208   <tr>
209     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur <var>geometry</var></a></td>
210     <td>reduce image noise and reduce detail levels</td>
211   </tr>
212
213   <tr>
214     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#border">-border <var>geometry</var></a></td>
215     <td>surround image with a border of color</td>
216   </tr>
217
218   <tr>
219     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor <var>color</var></a></td>
220     <td>border color</td>
221   </tr>
222
223   <tr>
224     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#brightness-contrast">-brightness-contrast <var>geometry</var></a></td>
225     <td>improve brightness / contrast of the image</td>
226   </tr>
227
228   <tr>
229     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#canny">-canny <var>geometry</var></a></td>
230     <td>use a multi-stage algorithm to detect a wide range of edges in the image</td>
231   </tr>
232
233   <tr>
234     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#caption">-caption <var>string</var></a></td>
235     <td>assign a caption to an image</td>
236   </tr>
237
238   <tr>
239     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#cdl">-cdl <var>filename</var></a></td>
240     <td>color correct with a color decision list</td>
241   </tr>
242
243   <tr>
244     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel <var>type</var></a></td>
245     <td>apply option to select image channels</td>
246   </tr>
247
248   <tr>
249     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#charcoal">-charcoal <var>radius</var></a></td>
250     <td>simulate a charcoal drawing</td>
251   </tr>
252
253   <tr>
254     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#chop">-chop <var>geometry</var></a></td>
255     <td>remove pixels from the image interior</td>
256   </tr>
257
258   <tr>
259     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#clamp">-clamp</a></td>
260     <td>set each pixel whose value is below zero to zero and any the pixel whose value is above the quantum range to the quantum range (e.g. 65535) otherwise the pixel value remains unchanged.</td>
261   </tr>
262
263   <tr>
264     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#clip">-clip</a></td>
265     <td>clip along the first path from the 8BIM profile</td>
266   </tr>
267
268   <tr>
269     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#clip-mask">-clip-mask</a> <var>filename</var></td>
270     <td>associate clip mask with the image</td>
271   </tr>
272
273   <tr>
274     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#clip-path">-clip-path <var>id</var></a></td>
275     <td>clip along a named path from the 8BIM profile</td>
276   </tr>
277
278   <tr>
279     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#clone">-clone <var>index</var></a></td>
280     <td>clone an image</td>
281   </tr>
282
283   <tr>
284     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#clut">-clut</a></td>
285     <td>apply a color lookup table to the image</td>
286   </tr>
287
288   <tr>
289     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#connected-components">-connected-components <var>connectivity</var></a></td>
290     <td>connected-components uniquely labeled, choose from 4 or 8 way connectivity</td>
291   </tr>
292
293   <tr>
294     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch <var>geometry</var></a></td>
295     <td>improve the contrast in an image by `stretching' the range of intensity value</td>
296   </tr>
297
298   <tr>
299     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#coalesce">-coalesce</a></td>
300     <td>merge a sequence of images</td>
301   </tr>
302
303   <tr>
304     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#colorize">-colorize <var>value</var></a></td>
305     <td>colorize the image with the fill color</td>
306   </tr>
307
308   <tr>
309     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#color-matrix">-color-matrix <var>matrix</var></a></td>
310     <td>apply color correction to the image.</td>
311   </tr>
312
313   <tr>
314     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors <var>value</var></a></td>
315     <td>preferred number of colors in the image</td>
316   </tr>
317
318   <tr>
319     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#colorspace">-colorspace <var>type</var></a></td>
320     <td>set image colorspace</td>
321   </tr>
322
323   <tr>
324     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#combine">-combine</a></td>
325     <td>combine a sequence of images</td>
326   </tr>
327
328   <tr>
329     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#comment">-comment <var>string</var></a></td>
330     <td>annotate image with comment</td>
331   </tr>
332
333   <tr>
334     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#compare">-compare</a></td>
335     <td>compare image</td>
336   </tr>
337
338   <tr>
339     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#complex">-complex<var>operator</var></a></td>
340     <td>perform complex mathematics on an image sequence</td>
341   </tr>
342
343   <tr>
344     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose <var>operator</var></a></td>
345     <td>set image composite operator</td>
346   </tr>
347
348   <tr>
349     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#composite">-composite</a></td>
350     <td>composite image</td>
351   </tr>
352
353   <tr>
354     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#compress">-compress <var>type</var></a></td>
355     <td>image compression type</td>
356   </tr>
357
358   <tr>
359     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#contrast">-contrast</a></td>
360     <td>enhance or reduce the image contrast</td>
361   </tr>
362
363   <tr>
364     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">-convolve <var>coefficients</var></a></td>
365     <td>apply a convolution kernel to the image</td>
366   </tr>
367
368   <tr>
369     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#copy">-copy <var>geometry</var> <var>offset</var></a></td>
370     <td>copy pixels from one area of an image to another</td>
371   </tr>
372
373   <tr>
374     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#crop">-crop <var>geometry</var></a></td>
375     <td>crop the image</td>
376   </tr>
377
378   <tr>
379     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#cycle">-cycle <var>amount</var></a></td>
380     <td>cycle the image colormap</td>
381   </tr>
382
383   <tr>
384     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#decipher">-decipher <var>filename</var></a></td>
385     <td>convert cipher pixels to plain</td>
386   </tr>
387
388   <tr>
389     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#debug">-debug <var>events</var></a></td>
390     <td>display copious debugging information</td>
391   </tr>
392
393   <tr>
394     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define <var>format:option</var></a></td>
395     <td>define one or more image format options</td>
396   </tr>
397
398   <tr>
399     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#deconstruct">-deconstruct</a></td>
400     <td>break down an image sequence into constituent parts</td>
401   </tr>
402
403   <tr>
404     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#delay">-delay <var>value</var></a></td>
405     <td>display the next image after pausing</td>
406   </tr>
407
408   <tr>
409     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#delete">-delete <var>index</var></a></td>
410     <td>delete the image from the image sequence</td>
411   </tr>
412
413   <tr>
414     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#density">-density <var>geometry</var></a></td>
415     <td>horizontal and vertical density of the image</td>
416   </tr>
417
418   <tr>
419     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth <var>value</var></a></td>
420     <td>image depth</td>
421   </tr>
422
423   <tr>
424     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#despeckle">-despeckle</a></td>
425     <td>reduce the speckles within an image</td>
426   </tr>
427
428   <tr>
429     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#direction">-direction <var>type</var></a></td>
430     <td>render text right-to-left or left-to-right</td>
431   </tr>
432
433   <tr>
434     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#display">-display <var>server</var></a></td>
435     <td>get image or font from this X server</td>
436   </tr>
437
438   <tr>
439     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#dispose">-dispose <var>method</var></a></td>
440     <td>layer disposal method</td>
441   </tr>
442
443   <tr>
444     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#distribute-cache">-distribute-cache <var>port</var></a></td>
445     <td>launch a distributed pixel cache server</td>
446   </tr>
447
448   <tr>
449     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort <var>type coefficients</var></a></td>
450     <td>distort image</td>
451   </tr>
452
453   <tr>
454     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#dither">-dither  <var>method</var></a></td>
455     <td>apply error diffusion to image</td>
456   </tr>
457
458   <tr>
459     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw <var>string</var></a></td>
460     <td>annotate the image with a graphic primitive</td>
461   </tr>
462
463   <tr>
464     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#duplicate">-duplicate <var>count,indexes</var></a></td>
465     <td>duplicate an image one or more times</td>
466   </tr>
467
468   <tr>
469     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#edge">-edge <var>radius</var></a></td>
470     <td>apply a filter to detect edges in the image</td>
471   </tr>
472
473   <tr>
474     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#emboss">-emboss <var>radius</var></a></td>
475     <td>emboss an image</td>
476   </tr>
477
478   <tr>
479     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#encipher">-encipher <var>filename</var></a></td>
480     <td>convert plain pixels to cipher pixels</td>
481   </tr>
482
483   <tr>
484     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#encoding">-encoding <var>type</var></a></td>
485     <td>text encoding type</td>
486   </tr>
487
488   <tr>
489     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#endian">-endian <var>type</var></a></td>
490     <td>endianness (MSB or LSB) of the image</td>
491   </tr>
492
493   <tr>
494     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#enhance">-enhance</a></td>
495     <td>apply a digital filter to enhance a noisy image</td>
496   </tr>
497
498   <tr>
499     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#equalize">-equalize</a></td>
500     <td>perform histogram equalization to an image</td>
501   </tr>
502
503   <tr>
504     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate <var>operator value</var></a></td>
505     <td>evaluate an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression</td>
506   </tr>
507
508   <tr>
509     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate-sequence">-evaluate-sequence <var>operator</var></a></td>
510     <td>evaluate an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression for an image sequence</td>
511   </tr>
512
513   <tr>
514     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#extent">-extent <var>geometry</var></a></td>
515     <td>set the image size</td>
516   </tr>
517
518   <tr>
519     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#extract">-extract <var>geometry</var></a></td>
520     <td>extract area from image</td>
521   </tr>
522
523   <tr>
524     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#family">-family <var>name</var></a></td>
525     <td>render text with this font family</td>
526   </tr>
527
528   <tr>
529     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#features">-features <var>distance</var></a></td>
530     <td>analyze image features (e.g. contract, correlations, etc.).</td>
531   </tr>
532
533   <tr>
534     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#fft">-fft</a></td>
535     <td>implements the discrete Fourier transform (DFT)</td>
536   </tr>
537
538   <tr>
539     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill <var>color</var></a></td>
540     <td>color to use when filling a graphic primitive</td>
541   </tr>
542
543   <tr>
544     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter <var>type</var></a></td>
545     <td>use this filter when resizing an image</td>
546   </tr>
547
548   <tr>
549     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#flatten">-flatten</a></td>
550     <td>flatten a sequence of images</td>
551   </tr>
552
553   <tr>
554     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#flip">-flip</a></td>
555     <td>flip image in the vertical direction</td>
556   </tr>
557
558   <tr>
559     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#floodfill">-floodfill <var>geometry color</var></a></td>
560     <td>floodfill the image with color</td>
561   </tr>
562
563   <tr>
564     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#flop">-flop</a></td>
565     <td>flop image in the horizontal direction</td>
566   </tr>
567
568   <tr>
569     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#font">-font <var>name</var></a></td>
570     <td>render text with this font</td>
571   </tr>
572
573   <tr>
574     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#format_identify_">-format <var>string</var></a></td>
575     <td>output formatted image characteristics</td>
576   </tr>
577
578   <tr>
579     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame <var>geometry</var></a></td>
580     <td>surround image with an ornamental border</td>
581   </tr>
582
583   <tr>
584     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#function">-function <var>name</var></a></td>
585     <td>apply a function to the image</td>
586   </tr>
587
588   <tr>
589     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz">-fuzz <var>distance</var></a></td>
590     <td>colors within this distance are considered equal</td>
591   </tr>
592
593   <tr>
594     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#fx">-fx <var>expression</var></a></td>
595     <td>apply mathematical expression to an image channel(s)</td>
596   </tr>
597
598   <tr>
599     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#gamma">-gamma <var>value</var></a></td>
600     <td>level of gamma correction</td>
601   </tr>
602
603   <tr>
604     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur <var>geometry</var></a></td>
605     <td>reduce image noise and reduce detail levels</td>
606   </tr>
607
608   <tr>
609     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-geometry <var>geometry</var></a></td>
610     <td>preferred size or location of the image</td>
611   </tr>
612
613   <tr>
614     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity <var>type</var></a></td>
615     <td>horizontal and vertical text placement</td>
616   </tr>
617
618   <tr>
619     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#intensity">-grayscale <var>method</var></a></td>
620     <td>convert image to grayscale</td>
621   </tr>
622
623   <tr>
624     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#green-primary">-green-primary <var>point</var></a></td>
625     <td>chromaticity green primary point</td>
626   </tr>
627
628   <tr>
629     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#help">-help</a></td>
630     <td>print program options</td>
631   </tr>
632
633   <tr>
634     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#hough-lines">-hough-lines <var>geometry</var></a></td>
635     <td>identify lines in the image</td>
636   </tr>
637
638   <tr>
639     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#identify">-identify</a></td>
640     <td>identify the format and characteristics of the image</td>
641   </tr>
642
643   <tr>
644     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#ift">-ift</a></td>
645     <td>implements the inverse discrete Fourier transform (DFT)</td>
646   </tr>
647
648   <tr>
649     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#implode">-implode <var>amount</var></a></td>
650     <td>implode image pixels about the center</td>
651   </tr>
652
653   <tr>
654     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#insert">-insert <var>index</var></a></td>
655     <td>insert last image into the image sequence</td>
656   </tr>
657
658   <tr>
659     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#intensity">-intensity <var>method</var></a></td>
660     <td>method to generate an intensity value from a pixel</td>
661   </tr>
662
663   <tr>
664     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#intent">-intent <var>type</var></a></td>
665     <td>type of rendering intent when managing the image color</td>
666   </tr>
667
668   <tr>
669     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#interlace">-interlace <var>type</var></a></td>
670     <td>type of image interlacing scheme</td>
671   </tr>
672
673   <tr>
674     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#interline-spacing">-interline-spacing <var>value</var></a></td>
675     <td>the space between two text lines</td>
676   </tr>
677
678   <tr>
679     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#interpolate">-interpolate <var>method</var></a></td>
680     <td>pixel color interpolation method</td>
681   </tr>
682
683   <tr>
684     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#interword-spacing">-interword-spacing <var>value</var></a></td>
685     <td>the space between two words</td>
686   </tr>
687
688   <tr>
689     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#kerning">-kerning <var>value</var></a></td>
690     <td>the space between two characters</td>
691   </tr>
692
693   <tr>
694     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#kuwahara">-kuwahara <var>geometry</var></a></td>
695     <td>edge preserving noise reduction filter</td>
696   </tr>
697
698   <tr>
699     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#label">-label <var>string</var></a></td>
700     <td>assign a label to an image</td>
701   </tr>
702
703   <tr>
704     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#lat">-lat <var>geometry</var></a></td>
705     <td>local adaptive thresholding</td>
706   </tr>
707
708   <tr>
709     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers <var>method</var></a></td>
710     <td>optimize or compare image layers</td>
711   </tr>
712
713   <tr>
714     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#level">-level <var>value</var></a></td>
715     <td>adjust the level of image contrast</td>
716   </tr>
717
718   <tr>
719     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#limit">-limit <var>type value</var></a></td>
720     <td>pixel cache resource limit</td>
721   </tr>
722
723   <tr>
724     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#linear-stretch">-linear-stretch <var>geometry</var></a></td>
725     <td>linear with saturation histogram stretch</td>
726   </tr>
727
728   <tr>
729     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#liquid-rescale">-liquid-rescale <var>geometry</var></a></td>
730     <td>rescale image with seam-carving</td>
731   </tr>
732
733   <tr>
734     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list <var>type</var></a></td>
735     <td>Color, Configure, Delegate, Format, Magic, Module, Resource, or Type</td>
736   </tr>
737
738   <tr>
739     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#log">-log <var>format</var></a></td>
740     <td>format of debugging information</td>
741   </tr>
742
743   <tr>
744     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#loop">-loop <var>iterations</var></a></td>
745     <td>add Netscape loop extension to your GIF animation</td>
746   </tr>
747
748   <tr>
749     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor">-mattecolor <var>color</var></a></td>
750     <td>frame color</td>
751   </tr>
752
753   <tr>
754     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#median">-median <var>radius</var></a></td>
755     <td>apply a median filter to the image</td>
756   </tr>
757
758   <tr>
759     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#mean-shift">-mean-shift <var>geometry</var></a></td>
760     <td>delineate arbitrarily shaped clusters in the image</td>
761   </tr>
762
763   <tr>
764     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#metric">-metric <var>type</var></a></td>
765     <td>measure differences between images with this metric</td>
766   </tr>
767
768   <tr>
769     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#mode">-mode <var>radius</var></a></td>
770     <td>make each pixel the 'predominant color' of the neighborhood</td>
771   </tr>
772
773   <tr>
774     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#modulate">-modulate <var>value</var></a></td>
775     <td>vary the brightness, saturation, and hue</td>
776   </tr>
777
778   <tr>
779     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#moments">-moments</a></td>
780     <td>display image moments.</td>
781   </tr>
782
783   <tr>
784     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#monitor">-monitor</a></td>
785     <td>monitor progress</td>
786   </tr>
787
788   <tr>
789     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#monochrome">-monochrome</a></td>
790     <td>transform image to black and white</td>
791   </tr>
792
793   <tr>
794     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#morph">-morph <var>value</var></a></td>
795     <td>morph an image sequence</td>
796   </tr>
797
798   <tr>
799     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#morphology">-morphology <var>method</var></a> <var>kernel</var></td>
800     <td>apply a morphology method to the image</td>
801   </tr>
802
803   <tr>
804     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#motion-blur">-motion-blur <var>geometry</var></a></td>
805     <td>simulate motion blur</td>
806   </tr>
807
808   <tr>
809     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#negate">-negate</a></td>
810     <td>replace each pixel with its complementary color </td>
811   </tr>
812
813   <tr>
814     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#noise">-noise <var>radius</var></a></td>
815     <td>add or reduce noise in an image</td>
816   </tr>
817
818   <tr>
819     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#normalize">-normalize</a></td>
820     <td>transform image to span the full range of colors</td>
821   </tr>
822
823   <tr>
824     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#opaque">-opaque <var>color</var></a></td>
825     <td>change this color to the fill color</td>
826   </tr>
827
828   <tr>
829     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither <var>NxN</var></a></td>
830     <td>ordered dither the image</td>
831   </tr>
832
833   <tr>
834     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#orient">-orient <var>type</var></a></td>
835     <td>image orientation</td>
836   </tr>
837
838   <tr>
839     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page <var>geometry</var></a></td>
840     <td>size and location of an image canvas (setting)</td>
841   </tr>
842
843   <tr>
844     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#paint">-paint <var>radius</var></a></td>
845     <td>simulate an oil painting</td>
846   </tr>
847
848   <tr>
849     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#perceptible">-perceptible</a></td>
850     <td>set each pixel whose value is less than |<var>epsilon</var>| to <var>-epsilon</var> or <var>epsilon</var> (whichever is closer) otherwise the pixel value remains unchanged.</td>
851   </tr>
852
853   <tr>
854     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#ping">-ping</a></td>
855     <td>efficiently determine image attributes</td>
856   </tr>
857
858   <tr>
859     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#pointsize">-pointsize <var>value</var></a></td>
860     <td>font point size</td>
861   </tr>
862
863   <tr>
864     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#polaroid">-polaroid <var>angle</var></a></td>
865     <td>simulate a Polaroid picture</td>
866   </tr>
867
868   <tr>
869     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#poly">-poly <var>terms</var></a></td>
870     <td>build a polynomial from the image sequence and the corresponding terms (coefficients and degree pairs).</td>
871   </tr>
872
873   <tr>
874     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#posterize">-posterize <var>levels</var></a></td>
875     <td>reduce the image to a limited number of color levels</td>
876   </tr>
877
878   <tr>
879     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#precision">-precision <var>value</var></a></td>
880     <td>set the maximum number of significant digits to be printed</td>
881   </tr>
882
883   <tr>
884     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#preview">-preview <var>type</var></a></td>
885     <td>image preview type</td>
886   </tr>
887
888   <tr>
889     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#print">-print <var>string</var></a></td>
890     <td>interpret string and print to console</td>
891   </tr>
892
893   <tr>
894     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#process">-process <var>image-filter</var></a></td>
895     <td>process the image with a custom image filter</td>
896   </tr>
897
898   <tr>
899     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile <var>filename</var></a></td>
900     <td>add, delete, or apply an image profile</td>
901   </tr>
902
903   <tr>
904     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#quality">-quality <var>value</var></a></td>
905     <td>JPEG/MIFF/PNG compression level</td>
906   </tr>
907
908   <tr>
909     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#quantize">-quantize <var>colorspace</var></a></td>
910     <td>reduce image colors in this colorspace</td>
911   </tr>
912
913   <tr>
914     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#quiet">-quiet</a></td>
915     <td>suppress all warning messages</td>
916   </tr>
917
918   <tr>
919     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#radial-blur">-radial-blur <var>angle</var></a></td>
920     <td>radial blur the image</td>
921   </tr>
922
923   <tr>
924     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#raise">-raise <var>value</var></a></td>
925     <td>lighten/darken image edges to create a 3-D effect</td>
926   </tr>
927
928   <tr>
929     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#random-threshold">-random-threshold <var>low,high</var></a></td>
930     <td>random threshold the image</td>
931   </tr>
932
933   <tr>
934     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#read-mask">-read-mask <var>filename</var></a></td>
935     <td>associate a read mask with the image</td>
936   </tr>
937
938   <tr>
939     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#red-primary">-red-primary <var>point</var></a></td>
940     <td>chromaticity red primary point</td>
941   </tr>
942
943   <tr>
944     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#regard-warnings">-regard-warnings</a></td>
945     <td>pay attention to warning messages.</td>
946   </tr>
947
948   <tr>
949     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#region">-region <var>geometry</var></a></td>
950     <td>apply options to a portion of the image</td>
951   </tr>
952
953   <tr>
954     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#remap">-remap <var>filename</var></a></td>
955     <td>transform image colors to match this set of colors</td>
956   </tr>
957
958   <tr>
959     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#render">-render</a></td>
960     <td>render vector graphics</td>
961   </tr>
962
963   <tr>
964     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#repage">-repage <var>geometry</var></a></td>
965     <td>size and location of an image canvas</td>
966   </tr>
967
968   <tr>
969     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#resample">-resample <var>geometry</var></a></td>
970     <td>change the resolution of an image</td>
971   </tr>
972
973   <tr>
974     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize <var>geometry</var></a></td>
975     <td>resize the image</td>
976   </tr>
977
978   <tr>
979     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#respect-parentheses">-respect-parentheses</a></td>
980     <td>settings remain in effect until parenthesis boundary.</td>
981   </tr>
982
983   <tr>
984     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#roll">-roll <var>geometry</var></a></td>
985     <td>roll an image vertically or horizontally</td>
986   </tr>
987
988   <tr>
989     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#rotate">-rotate <var>degrees</var></a></td>
990     <td>apply Paeth rotation to the image</td>
991   </tr>
992
993   <tr>
994     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#sample">-sample <var>geometry</var></a></td>
995     <td>scale image with pixel sampling</td>
996   </tr>
997
998   <tr>
999     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1000     <td>horizontal and vertical sampling factor</td>
1001   </tr>
1002
1003   <tr>
1004     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#scale">-scale <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1005     <td>scale the image</td>
1006   </tr>
1007
1008   <tr>
1009     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#scene">-scene <var>value</var></a></td>
1010     <td>image scene number</td>
1011   </tr>
1012
1013   <tr>
1014     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#seed">-seed <var>value</var></a></td>
1015     <td>seed a new sequence of pseudo-random numbers</td>
1016   </tr>
1017
1018   <tr>
1019     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#segment">-segment <var>values</var></a></td>
1020     <td>segment an image</td>
1021   </tr>
1022
1023   <tr>
1024     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">-selective-blur <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1025     <td>selectively blur pixels within a contrast threshold</td>
1026   </tr>
1027
1028   <tr>
1029     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#separate">-separate</a></td>
1030     <td>separate an image channel into a grayscale image</td>
1031   </tr>
1032
1033   <tr>
1034     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#sepia-tone">-sepia-tone <var>threshold</var></a></td>
1035     <td>simulate a sepia-toned photo</td>
1036   </tr>
1037
1038   <tr>
1039     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set <var>attribute value</var></a></td>
1040     <td>set an image attribute</td>
1041   </tr>
1042
1043   <tr>
1044     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#shade">-shade <var>degrees</var></a></td>
1045     <td>shade the image using a distant light source</td>
1046   </tr>
1047
1048   <tr>
1049     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#shadow">-shadow <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1050     <td>simulate an image shadow</td>
1051   </tr>
1052
1053   <tr>
1054     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#sharpen">-sharpen <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1055     <td>sharpen the image</td>
1056   </tr>
1057
1058   <tr>
1059     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#shave">-shave <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1060     <td>shave pixels from the image edges</td>
1061   </tr>
1062
1063   <tr>
1064     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#shear">-shear <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1065     <td>slide one edge of the image along the X or Y axis</td>
1066   </tr>
1067
1068   <tr>
1069     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#sigmoidal">-sigmoidal-contrast <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1070     <td>increase the contrast without saturating highlights or shadows</td>
1071   </tr>
1072
1073   <tr>
1074     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#smush">-smush <var>offset</var></a></td>
1075     <td>smush an image sequence together</td>
1076   </tr>
1077
1078   <tr>
1079     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#size">-size <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1080     <td>width and height of image</td>
1081   </tr>
1082
1083   <tr>
1084     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#sketch">-sketch <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1085     <td>simulate a pencil sketch</td>
1086   </tr>
1087
1088   <tr>
1089     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#solarize">-solarize <var>threshold</var></a></td>
1090     <td>negate all pixels above the threshold level</td>
1091   </tr>
1092
1093   <tr>
1094     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#splice">-splice <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1095     <td>splice the background color into the image</td>
1096   </tr>
1097
1098   <tr>
1099     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#spread">-spread <var>radius</var></a></td>
1100     <td>displace image pixels by a random amount</td>
1101   </tr>
1102
1103   <tr>
1104     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#statistic">-statistic <var>type</var> <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1105     <td>replace each pixel with corresponding statistic from the neighborhood</td>
1106   </tr>
1107
1108   <tr>
1109     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#strip">-strip</a></td>
1110     <td>strip image of all profiles and comments</td>
1111   </tr>
1112
1113   <tr>
1114     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke <var>color</var></a></td>
1115     <td>graphic primitive stroke color</td>
1116   </tr>
1117
1118   <tr>
1119     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth">-strokewidth <var>value</var></a></td>
1120     <td>graphic primitive stroke width</td>
1121   </tr>
1122
1123   <tr>
1124     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch <var>type</var></a></td>
1125     <td>render text with this font stretch</td>
1126   </tr>
1127
1128   <tr>
1129     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#style">-style <var>type</var></a></td>
1130     <td>render text with this font style</td>
1131   </tr>
1132
1133   <tr>
1134     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#swap">-swap <var>indexes</var></a></td>
1135     <td>swap two images in the image sequence</td>
1136   </tr>
1137
1138   <tr>
1139     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#swirl">-swirl <var>degrees</var></a></td>
1140     <td>swirl image pixels about the center</td>
1141   </tr>
1142
1143   <tr>
1144     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#synchronize">-synchronize</a></td>
1145     <td>synchronize image to storage device</td>
1146   </tr>
1147
1148   <tr>
1149     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#taint">-taint</a></td>
1150     <td>mark the image as modified</td>
1151   </tr>
1152
1153   <tr>
1154     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#texture">-texture <var>filename</var></a></td>
1155     <td>name of texture to tile onto the image background</td>
1156   </tr>
1157
1158   <tr>
1159     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">-threshold <var>value</var></a></td>
1160     <td>threshold the image</td>
1161   </tr>
1162
1163   <tr>
1164     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#thumbnail">-thumbnail <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1165     <td>create a thumbnail of the image</td>
1166   </tr>
1167
1168   <tr>
1169     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#tile">-tile <var>filename</var></a></td>
1170     <td>tile image when filling a graphic primitive</td>
1171   </tr>
1172
1173   <tr>
1174     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#tile-offset">-tile-offset <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1175     <td>set the image tile offset</td>
1176   </tr>
1177
1178   <tr>
1179     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#tint">-tint <var>value</var></a></td>
1180     <td>tint the image with the fill color</td>
1181   </tr>
1182
1183   <tr>
1184     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#transform">-transform</a></td>
1185     <td>affine transform image</td>
1186   </tr>
1187
1188   <tr>
1189     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#transparent">-transparent <var>color</var></a></td>
1190     <td>make this color transparent within the image</td>
1191   </tr>
1192
1193   <tr>
1194     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#transparent-color">-transparent-color <var>color</var></a></td>
1195     <td>transparent color</td>
1196   </tr>
1197
1198   <tr>
1199     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#transpose">-transpose</a></td>
1200     <td>flip image in the vertical direction and rotate 90 degrees</td>
1201   </tr>
1202
1203   <tr>
1204     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#transverse">-transverse</a></td>
1205     <td>flop image in the horizontal direction and rotate 270 degrees</td>
1206   </tr>
1207
1208   <tr>
1209     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#treedepth">-treedepth <var>value</var></a></td>
1210     <td>color tree depth</td>
1211   </tr>
1212
1213   <tr>
1214     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#trim">-trim</a></td>
1215     <td>trim image edges</td>
1216   </tr>
1217
1218   <tr>
1219     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#type">-type <var>type</var></a></td>
1220     <td>image type</td>
1221   </tr>
1222
1223   <tr>
1224     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#undercolor">-undercolor <var>color</var></a></td>
1225     <td>annotation bounding box color</td>
1226   </tr>
1227
1228   <tr>
1229     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#unique-colors">-unique-colors</a></td>
1230     <td>discard all but one of any pixel color.</td>
1231   </tr>
1232
1233   <tr>
1234     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#units">-units <var>type</var></a></td>
1235     <td>the units of image resolution</td>
1236   </tr>
1237
1238   <tr>
1239     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#unsharp">-unsharp <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1240     <td>sharpen the image</td>
1241   </tr>
1242
1243   <tr>
1244     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#verbose">-verbose</a></td>
1245     <td>print detailed information about the image</td>
1246   </tr>
1247
1248   <tr>
1249     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#version">-version</a></td>
1250     <td>print version information</td>
1251   </tr>
1252
1253   <tr>
1254     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#view">-view</a></td>
1255     <td>FlashPix viewing transforms</td>
1256   </tr>
1257
1258   <tr>
1259     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#vignette">-vignette <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1260     <td>soften the edges of the image in vignette style</td>
1261   </tr>
1262
1263   <tr>
1264     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel <var>method</var></a></td>
1265     <td>access method for pixels outside the boundaries of the image</td>
1266   </tr>
1267
1268   <tr>
1269     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#wave">-wave <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1270     <td>alter an image along a sine wave</td>
1271   </tr>
1272
1273   <tr>
1274     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#wavelet">-wavelet-denoise <var>threshold</var></a></td>
1275     <td>removes noise from the image using a wavelet transform</td>
1276   </tr>
1277
1278   <tr>
1279     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight <var>type</var></a></td>
1280     <td>render text with this font weight</td>
1281   </tr>
1282
1283   <tr>
1284     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#white-point">-white-point <var>point</var></a></td>
1285     <td>chromaticity white point</td>
1286   </tr>
1287
1288   <tr>
1289     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#white-threshold">-white-threshold <var>value</var></a></td>
1290     <td>force all pixels above the threshold into white</td>
1291   </tr>
1292
1293   <tr>
1294     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#write">-write <var>filename</var></a></td>
1295     <td>write images to this file</td>
1296   </tr>
1297
1298   <tr>
1299     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#write-mask">-write-mask <var>filename</var></a></td>
1300     <td>associate a write mask with the image</td>
1301   </tr>
1302
1303 </table>
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