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 239
 240 <h1>ImageMagick Convert Command-line Tool</h1>
 241 <p class="navigation-index">[<a href="convert.html#usage">Example Usage</a> &bull; <a href="convert.html#options">Option Summary</a>]</p>
 242
 243 <div class="doc-section">
 244 <p>Use the <kbd>convert</kbd> program to convert between image formats as well as resize an image, blur, crop, despeckle, dither, draw on, flip, join, re-sample, and much more.   See <a href="command-line-processing.html">Command Line Processing</a> for advice on how to structure your <kbd>convert</kbd> command or see below for example usages of the command.</p>
 245 </div>
 246
 247 <h2><a id="usage"></a>Example Usage</h2>
 248 <div class="doc-section">
 249
 250 <p>We list a few examples of the <kbd>convert</kbd> command here to illustrate its usefulness and ease of use.  To get started, lets convert an image in the JPEG format to PNG:</p>
 251
 252 <p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $ </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose.jpg rose.png</span></p>
 253 <p>Next, we reduce the image size before it is written to the PNG format:</p>
 254
 255 <p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $ </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose.jpg -resize 50% rose.png</span></p>
 256 <p class="image">
 257   <a href="../images/rose.jpg">
 258   <img src="../images/rose.jpg" width="70" height="46" alt="rose" />
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 261   <a href="../images/rose.png">
 262   <img style="margin-top:11px; margin-bottom:12px;" src="../images/rose.png" width="35" height="23" alt="rose" />
 263   </a>
 264 </p>
 265
 266 <p>You can combine multiple image-processing operations to produce complex results:</p>
 267
 268 <p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $ </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 320x85 canvas:none -font Bookman-DemiItalic -pointsize 72 \ <br/>
 269 -draw "text 25,60 'Magick'" -channel RGBA -blur 0x6 -fill darkred -stroke magenta \ <br/>
 270 -draw "text 20,55 'Magick'" fuzzy-magick.png</span></p>
 271 <p class="image">
 272   <a href="../images/fuzzy-magick.png"><img src="../images/fuzzy-magick.png" width="320" height="85" alt="fuzzy-magick" /></a>
 273 </p>
 274
 275 <p>You can find additional examples of using <kbd>convert</kbd> in <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/">Examples of ImageMagick Usage</a>.</p>
 276
 277 </div>
 278
 279 <h2><a id="options"></a>Option Summary</h2>
 280 <div class="doc-section">
 281
 282 <p>The <kbd>convert</kbd> command recognizes these options.  Click on an option to get more details about how that option works.</p>
 283
 284 <table class="doc">
 285   <tbody>
 286   <tr>
 287     <th align="left">Option</th>
 288     <th align="left">Description</th>
 289   </tr>
 290
 291   <tr>
 292     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#adaptive-blur">-adaptive-blur <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 293     <td valign="top">adaptively blur pixels; decrease effect near edges</td>
 294   </tr>
 295
 296   <tr>
 297     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#adaptive-resize">-adaptive-resize <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 298     <td valign="top">adaptively resize image with data dependent triangulation.</td>
 299   </tr>
 300
 301   <tr>
 302     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#adaptive-sharpen">-adaptive-sharpen <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 303     <td valign="top">adaptively sharpen pixels; increase effect near edges</td>
 304   </tr>
 305
 306   <tr>
 307     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">-adjoin</a></td>
 308     <td valign="top">join images into a single multi-image file</td>
 309   </tr>
 310
 311   <tr>
 312     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#affine">-affine <em class="option">matrix</em></a></td>
 313     <td valign="top">affine transform matrix</td>
 314   </tr>
 315
 316   <tr>
 317     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha">-alpha</a></td>
 318     <td valign="top">on, activate, off, deactivate, set, opaque, copy",
 319 transparent, extract, background, or shape the alpha channel</td>
 320   </tr>
 321
 322   <tr>
 323     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate <em class="option">geometry text</em></a></td>
 324     <td valign="top">annotate the image with text</td>
 325   </tr>
 326
 327   <tr>
 328     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#antialias">-antialias</a></td>
 329     <td valign="top">remove pixel-aliasing</td>
 330   </tr>
 331
 332   <tr>
 333     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#append">-append</a></td>
 334     <td valign="top">append an image sequence</td>
 335   </tr>
 336
 337   <tr>
 338     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#authenticate">-authenticate <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 339     <td valign="top">decipher image with this password</td>
 340   </tr>
 341
 342   <tr>
 343     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a></td>
 344     <td valign="top">automagically adjust gamma level of image</td>
 345   </tr>
 346
 347   <tr>
 348     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level">-auto-level</a></td>
 349     <td valign="top">automagically adjust color levels of image</td>
 350   </tr>
 351
 352   <tr>
 353     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#auto-orient">-auto-orient</a></td>
 354     <td valign="top">automagically orient image</td>
 355   </tr>
 356
 357   <tr>
 358     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#background">-background <em class="option">color</em></a></td>
 359     <td valign="top">background color</td>
 360   </tr>
 361
 362   <tr>
 363     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#bench">-bench <em class="option">iterations</em></a></td>
 364     <td valign="top">measure performance</td>
 365   </tr>
 366
 367   <tr>
 368     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#bias">-bias <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 369     <td valign="top">add bias when convolving an image</td>
 370   </tr>
 371
 372   <tr>
 373     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#black-threshold">-black-threshold <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 374     <td valign="top">force all pixels below the threshold into black</td>
 375   </tr>
 376
 377   <tr>
 378     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#blue-primary">-blue-primary <em class="option">point</em></a></td>
 379     <td valign="top">chromaticity blue primary point</td>
 380   </tr>
 381
 382   <tr>
 383     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#blue-shift">-blue-shift <em class="option">factor</em></a></td>
 384     <td valign="top">simulate a scene at nighttime in the moonlight</td>
 385   </tr>
 386
 387   <tr>
 388     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 389     <td valign="top">reduce image noise and reduce detail levels</td>
 390   </tr>
 391
 392   <tr>
 393     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#border">-border <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 394     <td valign="top">surround image with a border of color</td>
 395   </tr>
 396
 397   <tr>
 398     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor <em class="option">color</em></a></td>
 399     <td valign="top">border color</td>
 400   </tr>
 401
 402   <tr>
 403     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#brightness-contrast">-brightness-contrast <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 404     <td valign="top">improve brightness / contrast of the image</td>
 405   </tr>
 406
 407   <tr>
 408     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#caption">-caption <em class="option">string</em></a></td>
 409     <td valign="top">assign a caption to an image</td>
 410   </tr>
 411
 412   <tr>
 413     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#cdl">-cdl <em class="option">filename</em></a></td>
 414     <td valign="top">color correct with a color decision list</td>
 415   </tr>
 416
 417   <tr>
 418     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
 419     <td valign="top">apply option to select image channels</td>
 420   </tr>
 421
 422   <tr>
 423     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#charcoal">-charcoal <em class="option">radius</em></a></td>
 424     <td valign="top">simulate a charcoal drawing</td>
 425   </tr>
 426
 427   <tr>
 428     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#chop">-chop <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 429     <td valign="top">remove pixels from the image interior</td>
 430   </tr>
 431
 432   <tr>
 433     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#clamp">-clamp</a></td>
 434     <td valign="top">restrict colors from 0 to the quantum depth</td>
 435   </tr>
 436
 437   <tr>
 438     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#clip">-clip</a></td>
 439     <td valign="top">clip along the first path from the 8BIM profile</td>
 440   </tr>
 441
 442   <tr>
 443     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#clip-mask">-clip-mask</a> <em class="option">filename</em></td>
 444     <td valign="top">associate clip mask with the image</td>
 445   </tr>
 446
 447   <tr>
 448     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#clip-path">-clip-path <em class="option">id</em></a></td>
 449     <td valign="top">clip along a named path from the 8BIM profile</td>
 450   </tr>
 451
 452   <tr>
 453     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#clone">-clone <em class="option">index</em></a></td>
 454     <td valign="top">clone an image</td>
 455   </tr>
 456
 457   <tr>
 458     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#clut">-clut</a></td>
 459     <td valign="top">apply a color lookup table to the image</td>
 460   </tr>
 461
 462   <tr>
 463     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 464     <td valign="top">improve the contrast in an image by `stretching' the range of intensity value</td>
 465   </tr>
 466
 467   <tr>
 468     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#coalesce">-coalesce</a></td>
 469     <td valign="top">merge a sequence of images</td>
 470   </tr>
 471
 472   <tr>
 473     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#colorize">-colorize <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 474     <td valign="top">colorize the image with the fill color</td>
 475   </tr>
 476
 477   <tr>
 478     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#color-matrix">-color-matrix <em class="option">matrix</em></a></td>
 479     <td valign="top">apply color correction to the image.</td>
 480   </tr>
 481
 482   <tr>
 483     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 484     <td valign="top">preferred number of colors in the image</td>
 485   </tr>
 486
 487   <tr>
 488     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#colorspace">-colorspace <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
 489     <td valign="top">set image colorspace</td>
 490   </tr>
 491
 492   <tr>
 493     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#combine">-combine</a></td>
 494     <td valign="top">combine a sequence of images</td>
 495   </tr>
 496
 497   <tr>
 498     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#comment">-comment <em class="option">string</em></a></td>
 499     <td valign="top">annotate image with comment</td>
 500   </tr>
 501
 502   <tr>
 503     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose <em class="option">operator</em></a></td>
 504     <td valign="top">set image composite operator</td>
 505   </tr>
 506
 507   <tr>
 508     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#composite">-composite</a></td>
 509     <td valign="top">composite image</td>
 510   </tr>
 511
 512   <tr>
 513     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#compress">-compress <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
 514     <td valign="top">image compression type</td>
 515   </tr>
 516
 517   <tr>
 518     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#contrast">-contrast</a></td>
 519     <td valign="top">enhance or reduce the image contrast</td>
 520   </tr>
 521
 522   <tr>
 523     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">-convolve <em class="option">coefficients</em></a></td>
 524     <td valign="top">apply a convolution kernel to the image</td>
 525   </tr>
 526
 527   <tr>
 528     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#crop">-crop <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 529     <td valign="top">crop the image</td>
 530   </tr>
 531
 532   <tr>
 533     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#cycle">-cycle <em class="option">amount</em></a></td>
 534     <td valign="top">cycle the image colormap</td>
 535   </tr>
 536
 537   <tr>
 538     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#decipher">-decipher <em class="option">filename</em></a></td>
 539     <td valign="top">convert cipher pixels to plain</td>
 540   </tr>
 541
 542   <tr>
 543     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#debug">-debug <em class="option">events</em></a></td>
 544     <td valign="top">display copious debugging information</td>
 545   </tr>
 546
 547   <tr>
 548     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define <em class="option">format:option</em></a></td>
 549     <td valign="top">define one or more image format options</td>
 550   </tr>
 551
 552   <tr>
 553     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#deconstruct">-deconstruct</a></td>
 554     <td valign="top">break down an image sequence into constituent parts</td>
 555   </tr>
 556
 557   <tr>
 558     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#delay">-delay <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 559     <td valign="top">display the next image after pausing</td>
 560   </tr>
 561
 562   <tr>
 563     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#delete">-delete <em class="option">index</em></a></td>
 564     <td valign="top">delete the image from the image sequence</td>
 565   </tr>
 566
 567   <tr>
 568     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#density">-density <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 569     <td valign="top">horizontal and vertical density of the image</td>
 570   </tr>
 571
 572   <tr>
 573     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 574     <td valign="top">image depth</td>
 575   </tr>
 576
 577   <tr>
 578     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#despeckle">-despeckle</a></td>
 579     <td valign="top">reduce the speckles within an image</td>
 580   </tr>
 581
 582   <tr>
 583     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#direction">-direction <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
 584     <td valign="top">render text right-to-left or left-to-right</td>
 585   </tr>
 586
 587   <tr>
 588     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#display">-display <em class="option">server</em></a></td>
 589     <td valign="top">get image or font from this X server</td>
 590   </tr>
 591
 592   <tr>
 593     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#dispose">-dispose <em class="option">method</em></a></td>
 594     <td valign="top">layer disposal method</td>
 595   </tr>
 596
 597   <tr>
 598     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort <em class="option">type coefficients</em></a></td>
 599     <td valign="top">distort image</td>
 600   </tr>
 601
 602   <tr>
 603     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#dither">-dither  <em class="option">method</em></a></td>
 604     <td valign="top">apply error diffusion to image</td>
 605   </tr>
 606
 607   <tr>
 608     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw <em class="option">string</em></a></td>
 609     <td valign="top">annotate the image with a graphic primitive</td>
 610   </tr>
 611
 612   <tr>
 613     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#duplicate">-duplicate <em class="option">count,indexes</em></a></td>
 614     <td valign="top">duplicate an image one or more times</td>
 615   </tr>
 616
 617   <tr>
 618     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#edge">-edge <em class="option">radius</em></a></td>
 619     <td valign="top">apply a filter to detect edges in the image</td>
 620   </tr>
 621
 622   <tr>
 623     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#emboss">-emboss <em class="option">radius</em></a></td>
 624     <td valign="top">emboss an image</td>
 625   </tr>
 626
 627   <tr>
 628     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#encipher">-encipher <em class="option">filename</em></a></td>
 629     <td valign="top">convert plain pixels to cipher pixels</td>
 630   </tr>
 631
 632   <tr>
 633     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#encoding">-encoding <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
 634     <td valign="top">text encoding type</td>
 635   </tr>
 636
 637   <tr>
 638     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#endian">-endian <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
 639     <td valign="top">endianness (MSB or LSB) of the image</td>
 640   </tr>
 641
 642   <tr>
 643     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#enhance">-enhance</a></td>
 644     <td valign="top">apply a digital filter to enhance a noisy image</td>
 645   </tr>
 646
 647   <tr>
 648     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#equalize">-equalize</a></td>
 649     <td valign="top">perform histogram equalization to an image</td>
 650   </tr>
 651
 652   <tr>
 653     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate <em class="option">operator value</em></a></td>
 654     <td valign="top">evaluate an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression</td>
 655   </tr>
 656
 657   <tr>
 658     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate-sequence">-evaluate-sequence <em class="option">operator</em></a></td>
 659     <td valign="top">evaluate an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression for an image sequence</td>
 660   </tr>
 661
 662   <tr>
 663     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#extent">-extent <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 664     <td valign="top">set the image size</td>
 665   </tr>
 666
 667   <tr>
 668     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#extract">-extract <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 669     <td valign="top">extract area from image</td>
 670   </tr>
 671
 672   <tr>
 673     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#family">-family <em class="option">name</em></a></td>
 674     <td valign="top">render text with this font family</td>
 675   </tr>
 676
 677   <tr>
 678     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#fft">-fft</a></td>
 679     <td valign="top">implments the discrete Fourier transform (DFT)</td>
 680   </tr>
 681
 682   <tr>
 683     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill <em class="option">color</em></a></td>
 684     <td valign="top">color to use when filling a graphic primitive</td>
 685   </tr>
 686
 687   <tr>
 688     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
 689     <td valign="top">use this filter when resizing an image</td>
 690   </tr>
 691
 692   <tr>
 693     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#flatten">-flatten</a></td>
 694     <td valign="top">flatten a sequence of images</td>
 695   </tr>
 696
 697   <tr>
 698     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#flip">-flip</a></td>
 699     <td valign="top">flip image in the vertical direction</td>
 700   </tr>
 701
 702   <tr>
 703     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#floodfill">-floodfill <em class="option">geometry color</em></a></td>
 704     <td valign="top">floodfill the image with color</td>
 705   </tr>
 706
 707   <tr>
 708     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#flop">-flop</a></td>
 709     <td valign="top">flop image in the horizontal direction</td>
 710   </tr>
 711
 712   <tr>
 713     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#font">-font <em class="option">name</em></a></td>
 714     <td valign="top">render text with this font</td>
 715   </tr>
 716
 717   <tr>
 718     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#format_identify_">-format <em class="option">string</em></a></td>
 719     <td valign="top">output formatted image characteristics</td>
 720   </tr>
 721
 722   <tr>
 723     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 724     <td valign="top">surround image with an ornamental border</td>
 725   </tr>
 726
 727   <tr>
 728     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#function">-function <em class="option">name</em></a></td>
 729     <td valign="top">apply a function to the image</td>
 730   </tr>
 731
 732   <tr>
 733     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz">-fuzz <em class="option">distance</em></a></td>
 734     <td valign="top">colors within this distance are considered equal</td>
 735   </tr>
 736
 737   <tr>
 738     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#fx">-fx <em class="option">expression</em></a></td>
 739     <td valign="top">apply mathematical expression to an image channel(s)</td>
 740   </tr>
 741
 742   <tr>
 743     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#gamma">-gamma <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 744     <td valign="top">level of gamma correction</td>
 745   </tr>
 746
 747   <tr>
 748     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 749     <td valign="top">reduce image noise and reduce detail levels</td>
 750   </tr>
 751
 752   <tr>
 753     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-geometry <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 754     <td valign="top">preferred size or location of the image</td>
 755   </tr>
 756
 757   <tr>
 758     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
 759     <td valign="top">horizontal and vertical text placement</td>
 760   </tr>
 761
 762   <tr>
 763     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#green-primary">-green-primary <em class="option">point</em></a></td>
 764     <td valign="top">chromaticity green primary point</td>
 765   </tr>
 766
 767   <tr>
 768     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#help">-help</a></td>
 769     <td valign="top">print program options</td>
 770   </tr>
 771
 772   <tr>
 773     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#identify">-identify</a></td>
 774     <td valign="top">identify the format and characteristics of the image</td>
 775   </tr>
 776
 777   <tr>
 778     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#ift">-ift</a></td>
 779     <td valign="top">implements the inverse discrete Fourier transform (DFT)</td>
 780   </tr>
 781
 782   <tr>
 783     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#implode">-implode <em class="option">amount</em></a></td>
 784     <td valign="top">implode image pixels about the center</td>
 785   </tr>
 786
 787   <tr>
 788     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#insert">-insert <em class="option">index</em></a></td>
 789     <td valign="top">insert last image into the image sequence</td>
 790   </tr>
 791
 792   <tr>
 793     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#intent">-intent <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
 794     <td valign="top">type of rendering intent when managing the image color</td>
 795   </tr>
 796
 797   <tr>
 798     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#interlace">-interlace <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
 799     <td valign="top">type of image interlacing scheme</td>
 800   </tr>
 801
 802   <tr>
 803     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#interline-spacing">-interline-spacing <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 804     <td valign="top">the space between two text lines</td>
 805   </tr>
 806
 807   <tr>
 808     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#interpolate">-interpolate <em class="option">method</em></a></td>
 809     <td valign="top">pixel color interpolation method</td>
 810   </tr>
 811
 812   <tr>
 813     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#interword-spacing">-interword-spacing <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 814     <td valign="top">the space between two words</td>
 815   </tr>
 816
 817   <tr>
 818     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#kerning">-kerning <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 819     <td valign="top">the space between two characters</td>
 820   </tr>
 821
 822   <tr>
 823     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#label">-label <em class="option">string</em></a></td>
 824     <td valign="top">assign a label to an image</td>
 825   </tr>
 826
 827   <tr>
 828     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#lat">-lat <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 829     <td valign="top">local adaptive thresholding</td>
 830   </tr>
 831
 832   <tr>
 833     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers <em class="option">method</em></a></td>
 834     <td valign="top">optimize or compare image layers</td>
 835   </tr>
 836
 837   <tr>
 838     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#level">-level <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 839     <td valign="top">adjust the level of image contrast</td>
 840   </tr>
 841
 842   <tr>
 843     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#limit">-limit <em class="option">type value</em></a></td>
 844     <td valign="top">pixel cache resource limit</td>
 845   </tr>
 846
 847   <tr>
 848     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#linear-stretch">-linear-stretch <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 849     <td valign="top">linear with saturation histogram stretch</td>
 850   </tr>
 851
 852   <tr>
 853     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#liquid-rescale">-liquid-rescale <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 854     <td valign="top">rescale image with seam-carving</td>
 855   </tr>
 856
 857   <tr>
 858     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#log">-log <em class="option">format</em></a></td>
 859     <td valign="top">format of debugging information</td>
 860   </tr>
 861
 862   <tr>
 863     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#loop">-loop <em class="option">iterations</em></a></td>
 864     <td valign="top">add Netscape loop extension to your GIF animation</td>
 865   </tr>
 866
 867   <tr>
 868     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#mask">-mask <em class="option">filename</em></a></td>
 869     <td valign="top">associate a mask with the image</td>
 870   </tr>
 871
 872   <tr>
 873     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor">-mattecolor <em class="option">color</em></a></td>
 874     <td valign="top">frame color</td>
 875   </tr>
 876
 877   <tr>
 878     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#median">-median <em class="option">radius</em></a></td>
 879     <td valign="top">apply a median filter to the image</td>
 880   </tr>
 881
 882   <tr>
 883     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#mode">-mode <em class="option">radius</em></a></td>
 884     <td valign="top">make each pixel the 'predominant color' of the neighborhood</td>
 885   </tr>
 886
 887   <tr>
 888     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#modulate">-modulate <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 889     <td valign="top">vary the brightness, saturation, and hue</td>
 890   </tr>
 891
 892   <tr>
 893     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#monitor">-monitor</a></td>
 894     <td valign="top">monitor progress</td>
 895   </tr>
 896
 897   <tr>
 898     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#monochrome">-monochrome</a></td>
 899     <td valign="top">transform image to black and white</td>
 900   </tr>
 901
 902   <tr>
 903     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#morph">-morph <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 904     <td valign="top">morph an image sequence</td>
 905   </tr>
 906
 907   <tr>
 908     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#morphology">-morphology <em class="option">method</em></a> <em class="option">kernel</em></td>
 909     <td valign="top">apply a morphology method to the image</td>
 910   </tr>
 911
 912   <tr>
 913     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#motion-blur">-motion-blur <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 914     <td valign="top">simulate motion blur</td>
 915   </tr>
 916
 917   <tr>
 918     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#negate">-negate</a></td>
 919     <td valign="top">replace each pixel with its complementary color </td>
 920   </tr>
 921
 922   <tr>
 923     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#noise">-noise <em class="option">radius</em></a></td>
 924     <td valign="top">add or reduce noise in an image</td>
 925   </tr>
 926
 927   <tr>
 928     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#normalize">-normalize</a></td>
 929     <td valign="top">transform image to span the full range of colors</td>
 930   </tr>
 931
 932   <tr>
 933     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#opaque">-opaque <em class="option">color</em></a></td>
 934     <td valign="top">change this color to the fill color</td>
 935   </tr>
 936
 937   <tr>
 938     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither <em class="option">NxN</em></a></td>
 939     <td valign="top">ordered dither the image</td>
 940   </tr>
 941
 942   <tr>
 943     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#orient">-orient <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
 944     <td valign="top">image orientation</td>
 945   </tr>
 946
 947   <tr>
 948     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
 949     <td valign="top">size and location of an image canvas (setting)</td>
 950   </tr>
 951
 952   <tr>
 953     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#paint">-paint <em class="option">radius</em></a></td>
 954     <td valign="top">simulate an oil painting</td>
 955   </tr>
 956
 957   <tr>
 958     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#ping">-ping</a></td>
 959     <td valign="top">efficiently determine image attributes</td>
 960   </tr>
 961
 962   <tr>
 963     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#pointsize">-pointsize <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 964     <td valign="top">font point size</td>
 965   </tr>
 966
 967   <tr>
 968     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#polaroid">-polaroid <em class="option">angle</em></a></td>
 969     <td valign="top">simulate a Polaroid picture</td>
 970   </tr>
 971
 972   <tr>
 973     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#posterize">-posterize <em class="option">levels</em></a></td>
 974     <td valign="top">reduce the image to a limited number of color levels</td>
 975   </tr>
 976
 977   <tr>
 978     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#precision">-precision <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
 979     <td valign="top">set the maximum number of significant digits to be printed</td>
 980   </tr>
 981
 982   <tr>
 983     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#preview">-preview <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
 984     <td valign="top">image preview type</td>
 985   </tr>
 986
 987   <tr>
 988     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#print">-print <em class="option">string</em></a></td>
 989     <td valign="top">interpret string and print to console</td>
 990   </tr>
 991
 992   <tr>
 993     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#process">-process <em class="option">image-filter</em></a></td>
 994     <td valign="top">process the image with a custom image filter</td>
 995   </tr>
 996
 997   <tr>
 998     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile <em class="option">filename</em></a></td>
 999     <td valign="top">add, delete, or apply an image profile</td>
1000   </tr>
1001
1002   <tr>
1003     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#quality">-quality <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
1004     <td valign="top">JPEG/MIFF/PNG compression level</td>
1005   </tr>
1006
1007   <tr>
1008     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#quantize">-quantize <em class="option">colorspace</em></a></td>
1009     <td valign="top">reduce image colors in this colorspace</td>
1010   </tr>
1011
1012   <tr>
1013     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#quiet">-quiet</a></td>
1014     <td valign="top">suppress all warning messages</td>
1015   </tr>
1016
1017   <tr>
1018     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#radial-blur">-radial-blur <em class="option">angle</em></a></td>
1019     <td valign="top">radial blur the image</td>
1020   </tr>
1021
1022   <tr>
1023     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#raise">-raise <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
1024     <td valign="top">lighten/darken image edges to create a 3-D effect</td>
1025   </tr>
1026
1027   <tr>
1028     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#random-threshold">-random-threshold <em class="option">low,high</em></a></td>
1029     <td valign="top">random threshold the image</td>
1030   </tr>
1031
1032   <tr>
1033     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#red-primary">-red-primary <em class="option">point</em></a></td>
1034     <td valign="top">chromaticity red primary point</td>
1035   </tr>
1036
1037   <tr>
1038     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#regard-warnings">-regard-warnings</a></td>
1039     <td valign="top">pay attention to warning messages.</td>
1040   </tr>
1041
1042   <tr>
1043     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#region">-region <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1044     <td valign="top">apply options to a portion of the image</td>
1045   </tr>
1046
1047   <tr>
1048     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#remap">-remap <em class="option">filename</em></a></td>
1049     <td valign="top">transform image colors to match this set of colors</td>
1050   </tr>
1051
1052   <tr>
1053     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#render">-render</a></td>
1054     <td valign="top">render vector graphics</td>
1055   </tr>
1056
1057   <tr>
1058     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#repage">-repage <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1059     <td valign="top">size and location of an image canvas</td>
1060   </tr>
1061
1062   <tr>
1063     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#resample">-resample <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1064     <td valign="top">change the resolution of an image</td>
1065   </tr>
1066
1067   <tr>
1068     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1069     <td valign="top">resize the image</td>
1070   </tr>
1071
1072   <tr>
1073     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#respect-parentheses">-respect-parentheses</a></td>
1074     <td valign="top">settings remain in effect until parenthesis boundary.</td>
1075   </tr>
1076
1077   <tr>
1078     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#roll">-roll <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1079     <td valign="top">roll an image vertically or horizontally</td>
1080   </tr>
1081
1082   <tr>
1083     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#rotate">-rotate <em class="option">degrees</em></a></td>
1084     <td valign="top">apply Paeth rotation to the image</td>
1085   </tr>
1086
1087   <tr>
1088     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#sample">-sample <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1089     <td valign="top">scale image with pixel sampling</td>
1090   </tr>
1091
1092   <tr>
1093     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1094     <td valign="top">horizontal and vertical sampling factor</td>
1095   </tr>
1096
1097   <tr>
1098     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#scale">-scale <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1099     <td valign="top">scale the image</td>
1100   </tr>
1101
1102   <tr>
1103     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#scene">-scene <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
1104     <td valign="top">image scene number</td>
1105   </tr>
1106
1107   <tr>
1108     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#seed">-seed <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
1109     <td valign="top">seed a new sequence of pseudo-random numbers</td>
1110   </tr>
1111
1112   <tr>
1113     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#segment">-segment <em class="option">values</em></a></td>
1114     <td valign="top">segment an image</td>
1115   </tr>
1116
1117   <tr>
1118     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">-selective-blur <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1119     <td valign="top">selectively blur pixels within a contrast threshold</td>
1120   </tr>
1121
1122   <tr>
1123     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#separate">-separate</a></td>
1124     <td valign="top">separate an image channel into a grayscale image</td>
1125   </tr>
1126
1127   <tr>
1128     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#sepia-tone">-sepia-tone <em class="option">threshold</em></a></td>
1129     <td valign="top">simulate a sepia-toned photo</td>
1130   </tr>
1131
1132   <tr>
1133     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set <em class="option">attribute value</em></a></td>
1134     <td valign="top">set an image attribute</td>
1135   </tr>
1136
1137   <tr>
1138     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#shade">-shade <em class="option">degrees</em></a></td>
1139     <td valign="top">shade the image using a distant light source</td>
1140   </tr>
1141
1142   <tr>
1143     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#shadow">-shadow <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1144     <td valign="top">simulate an image shadow</td>
1145   </tr>
1146
1147   <tr>
1148     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#sharpen">-sharpen <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1149     <td valign="top">sharpen the image</td>
1150   </tr>
1151
1152   <tr>
1153     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#shave">-shave <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1154     <td valign="top">shave pixels from the image edges</td>
1155   </tr>
1156
1157   <tr>
1158     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#shear">-shear <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1159     <td valign="top">slide one edge of the image along the X or Y axis</td>
1160   </tr>
1161
1162   <tr>
1163     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#sigmoidal">-sigmoidal-contrast <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1164     <td valign="top">increase the contrast without saturating highlights or shadows</td>
1165   </tr>
1166
1167   <tr>
1168     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#smush">-smush <em class="option">offset</em></a></td>
1169     <td valign="top">smush an image sequence together</td>
1170   </tr>
1171
1172   <tr>
1173     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#size">-size <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1174     <td valign="top">width and height of image</td>
1175   </tr>
1176
1177   <tr>
1178     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#sketch">-sketch <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1179     <td valign="top">simulate a pencil sketch</td>
1180   </tr>
1181
1182   <tr>
1183     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#solarize">-solarize <em class="option">threshold</em></a></td>
1184     <td valign="top">negate all pixels above the threshold level</td>
1185   </tr>
1186
1187   <tr>
1188     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#splice">-splice <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1189     <td valign="top">splice the background color into the image</td>
1190   </tr>
1191
1192   <tr>
1193     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#spread">-spread <em class="option">radius</em></a></td>
1194     <td valign="top">displace image pixels by a random amount</td>
1195   </tr>
1196
1197   <tr>
1198     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#statistic">-statistic <em class="option">type</em> <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1199     <td valign="top">replace each pixel with corresponding statistic from the neighborhood</td>
1200   </tr>
1201
1202   <tr>
1203     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#strip">-strip</a></td>
1204     <td valign="top">strip image of all profiles and comments</td>
1205   </tr>
1206
1207   <tr>
1208     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke <em class="option">color</em></a></td>
1209     <td valign="top">graphic primitive stroke color</td>
1210   </tr>
1211
1212   <tr>
1213     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth">-strokewidth <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
1214     <td valign="top">graphic primitive stroke width</td>
1215   </tr>
1216
1217   <tr>
1218     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
1219     <td valign="top">render text with this font stretch</td>
1220   </tr>
1221
1222   <tr>
1223     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#style">-style <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
1224     <td valign="top">render text with this font style</td>
1225   </tr>
1226
1227   <tr>
1228     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#swap">-swap <em class="option">indexes</em></a></td>
1229     <td valign="top">swap two images in the image sequence</td>
1230   </tr>
1231
1232   <tr>
1233     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#swirl">-swirl <em class="option">degrees</em></a></td>
1234     <td valign="top">swirl image pixels about the center</td>
1235   </tr>
1236
1237   <tr>
1238     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#synchronize">-synchronize</a></td>
1239     <td valign="top">synchronize image to storage device</td>
1240   </tr>
1241
1242   <tr>
1243     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#taint">-taint</a></td>
1244     <td valign="top">mark the image as modified</td>
1245   </tr>
1246
1247   <tr>
1248     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#texture">-texture <em class="option">filename</em></a></td>
1249     <td valign="top">name of texture to tile onto the image background</td>
1250   </tr>
1251
1252   <tr>
1253     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">-threshold <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
1254     <td valign="top">threshold the image</td>
1255   </tr>
1256
1257   <tr>
1258     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#thumbnail">-thumbnail <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1259     <td valign="top">create a thumbnail of the image</td>
1260   </tr>
1261
1262   <tr>
1263     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#tile">-tile <em class="option">filename</em></a></td>
1264     <td valign="top">tile image when filling a graphic primitive</td>
1265   </tr>
1266
1267   <tr>
1268     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#tile-offset">-tile-offset <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1269     <td valign="top">set the image tile offset</td>
1270   </tr>
1271
1272   <tr>
1273     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#tint">-tint <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
1274     <td valign="top">tint the image with the fill color</td>
1275   </tr>
1276
1277   <tr>
1278     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#transform">-transform</a></td>
1279     <td valign="top">affine transform image</td>
1280   </tr>
1281
1282   <tr>
1283     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#transparent">-transparent <em class="option">color</em></a></td>
1284     <td valign="top">make this color transparent within the image</td>
1285   </tr>
1286
1287   <tr>
1288     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#transparent-color">-transparent-color <em class="option">color</em></a></td>
1289     <td valign="top">transparent color</td>
1290   </tr>
1291
1292   <tr>
1293     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#transpose">-transpose</a></td>
1294     <td valign="top">flip image in the vertical direction and rotate 90 degrees</td>
1295   </tr>
1296
1297   <tr>
1298     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#transverse">-transverse</a></td>
1299     <td valign="top">flop image in the horizontal direction and rotate 270 degrees</td>
1300   </tr>
1301
1302   <tr>
1303     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#treedepth">-treedepth <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
1304     <td valign="top">color tree depth</td>
1305   </tr>
1306
1307   <tr>
1308     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#trim">-trim</a></td>
1309     <td valign="top">trim image edges</td>
1310   </tr>
1311
1312   <tr>
1313     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#type">-type <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
1314     <td valign="top">image type</td>
1315   </tr>
1316
1317   <tr>
1318     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#undercolor">-undercolor <em class="option">color</em></a></td>
1319     <td valign="top">annotation bounding box color</td>
1320   </tr>
1321
1322   <tr>
1323     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#unique-colors">-unique-colors</a></td>
1324     <td valign="top">discard all but one of any pixel color.</td>
1325   </tr>
1326
1327   <tr>
1328     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#units">-units <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
1329     <td valign="top">the units of image resolution</td>
1330   </tr>
1331
1332   <tr>
1333     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#unsharp">-unsharp <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1334     <td valign="top">sharpen the image</td>
1335   </tr>
1336
1337   <tr>
1338     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#verbose">-verbose</a></td>
1339     <td valign="top">print detailed information about the image</td>
1340   </tr>
1341
1342   <tr>
1343     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#version">-version</a></td>
1344     <td valign="top">print version information</td>
1345   </tr>
1346
1347   <tr>
1348     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#view">-view</a></td>
1349     <td valign="top">FlashPix viewing transforms</td>
1350   </tr>
1351
1352   <tr>
1353     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#vignette">-vignette <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1354     <td valign="top">soften the edges of the image in vignette style</td>
1355   </tr>
1356
1357   <tr>
1358     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel <em class="option">method</em></a></td>
1359     <td valign="top">access method for pixels outside the boundaries of the image</td>
1360   </tr>
1361
1362   <tr>
1363     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#wave">-wave <em class="option">geometry</em></a></td>
1364     <td valign="top">alter an image along a sine wave</td>
1365   </tr>
1366
1367   <tr>
1368     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight <em class="option">type</em></a></td>
1369     <td valign="top">render text with this font weight</td>
1370   </tr>
1371
1372   <tr>
1373     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#white-point">-white-point <em class="option">point</em></a></td>
1374     <td valign="top">chromaticity white point</td>
1375   </tr>
1376
1377   <tr>
1378     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#white-threshold">-white-threshold <em class="option">value</em></a></td>
1379     <td valign="top">force all pixels above the threshold into white</td>
1380   </tr>
1381
1382   <tr>
1383     <td valign="top"><a href="command-line-options.html#write">-write <em class="option">filename</em></a></td>
1384     <td valign="top">write images to this file</td>
1385   </tr>
1386
1387   </tbody>
1388 </table>
1389
1390 </div>
1391
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