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5     <title>ImageMagick: Command-line Tools: Convert</title>
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47 <p class="lead magick-description">Use the <code>convert</code> program to convert between image formats as well as resize an image, blur, crop, despeckle, dither, draw on, flip, join, re-sample, and much more.   See <a href="command-line-processing.html">Command Line Processing</a> for advice on how to structure your <code>convert</code> command or see below for example usages of the command.</p>
48
49 <p>We list a few examples of the <code>convert</code> command here to illustrate its usefulness and ease of use.  To get started, lets convert an image in the JPEG format to PNG:</p>
50
51 <pre>
52 convert rose.jpg rose.png
53 </pre>
54
55 <p>Next, we reduce the image size before it is written to the PNG format:</p>
56
57 <pre>
58 convert rose.jpg -resize 50% rose.png
59 </pre>
60
61 <ul>
62   <a href="../images/rose.jpg">
63   <img src="../images/rose.jpg" width="70" height="46" alt="rose">
64   </a>
65   <img style="margin-top:13px; margin-bottom:13px;" src="../images/right.gif" width="20" height="20" alt="==&gt;">
66   <a href="../images/rose.png">
67   <img style="margin-top:11px; margin-bottom:12px;" src="../images/rose.png" width="35" height="23" alt="rose">
68   </a>
69 </ul>
70
71 <p>You can combine multiple image-processing operations to produce complex results:</p>
72
73 <pre>
74 convert -size 320x85 canvas:none -font Bookman-DemiItalic -pointsize 72 \
75   -draw "text 25,60 \'Magick\'" -channel RGBA -blur 0x6 -fill darkred -stroke magenta \
76   -draw "text 20,55 \'Magick\'" fuzzy-magick.png
77 </pre>
78
79 <ul>
80   <a href="../images/fuzzy-magick.png"><img src="../images/fuzzy-magick.png" width="320" height="85" alt="fuzzy-magick"></a>
81 </ul>
82
83 <p>or here we resize an image with improved quality:</p>
84
85 <pre>
86 convert input.png -colorspace RGB +sigmoidal-contrast 11.6933 \
87   -define filter:filter=Sinc -define filter:window=Jinc -define filter:lobes=3 \
88   -resize 400% -sigmoidal-contrast 11.6933 -colorspace sRGB output.png');
89 </pre>
90
91 <p>You can find additional examples of using <code>convert</code> in <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/">Examples of ImageMagick Usage</a>.</p>
92
93 <h2 class="magick-header"><a id="options"></a>Option Summary</h2>
94
95 <p>The <code>convert</code> command recognizes these options.  Click on an option to get more details about how that option works.</p>
96
97 <div class="table-responsive">
98 <table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
99   <tr>
100     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#adaptive-blur">-adaptive-blur <var>geometry</var></a></td>
101     <td>adaptively blur pixels; decrease effect near edges</td>
102   </tr>
103
104   <tr>
105     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#adaptive-resize">-adaptive-resize <var>geometry</var></a></td>
106     <td>adaptively resize image with data dependent triangulation.</td>
107   </tr>
108
109   <tr>
110     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#adaptive-sharpen">-adaptive-sharpen <var>geometry</var></a></td>
111     <td>adaptively sharpen pixels; increase effect near edges</td>
112   </tr>
113
114   <tr>
115     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">-adjoin</a></td>
116     <td>join images into a single multi-image file</td>
117   </tr>
118
119   <tr>
120     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#affine">-affine <var>matrix</var></a></td>
121     <td>affine transform matrix</td>
122   </tr>
123
124   <tr>
125     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha">-alpha</a></td>
126     <td>on, activate, off, deactivate, set, opaque, copy",
127 transparent, extract, background, or shape the alpha channel</td>
128   </tr>
129
130   <tr>
131     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate <var>geometry text</var></a></td>
132     <td>annotate the image with text</td>
133   </tr>
134
135   <tr>
136     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#antialias">-antialias</a></td>
137     <td>remove pixel-aliasing</td>
138   </tr>
139
140   <tr>
141     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#append">-append</a></td>
142     <td>append an image sequence</td>
143   </tr>
144
145   <tr>
146     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#authenticate">-authenticate <var>value</var></a></td>
147     <td>decipher image with this password</td>
148   </tr>
149
150   <tr>
151     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a></td>
152     <td>automagically adjust gamma level of image</td>
153   </tr>
154
155   <tr>
156     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level">-auto-level</a></td>
157     <td>automagically adjust color levels of image</td>
158   </tr>
159
160   <tr>
161     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#auto-orient">-auto-orient</a></td>
162     <td>automagically orient image</td>
163   </tr>
164
165   <tr>
166     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#background">-background <var>color</var></a></td>
167     <td>background color</td>
168   </tr>
169
170   <tr>
171     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#bench">-bench <var>iterations</var></a></td>
172     <td>measure performance</td>
173   </tr>
174
175   <tr>
176     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#bias">-bias <var>value</var></a></td>
177     <td>add bias when convolving an image</td>
178   </tr>
179
180   <tr>
181     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#black-threshold">-black-threshold <var>value</var></a></td>
182     <td>force all pixels below the threshold into black</td>
183   </tr>
184
185   <tr>
186     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#blue-primary">-blue-primary <var>point</var></a></td>
187     <td>chromaticity blue primary point</td>
188   </tr>
189
190   <tr>
191     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#blue-shift">-blue-shift <var>factor</var></a></td>
192     <td>simulate a scene at nighttime in the moonlight</td>
193   </tr>
194
195   <tr>
196     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur <var>geometry</var></a></td>
197     <td>reduce image noise and reduce detail levels</td>
198   </tr>
199
200   <tr>
201     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#border">-border <var>geometry</var></a></td>
202     <td>surround image with a border of color</td>
203   </tr>
204
205   <tr>
206     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor <var>color</var></a></td>
207     <td>border color</td>
208   </tr>
209
210   <tr>
211     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#brightness-contrast">-brightness-contrast <var>geometry</var></a></td>
212     <td>improve brightness / contrast of the image</td>
213   </tr>
214
215   <tr>
216     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#canny">-canny <var>geometry</var></a></td>
217     <td>use a multi-stage algorithm to detect a wide range of edges in the image</td>
218   </tr>
219
220   <tr>
221     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#caption">-caption <var>string</var></a></td>
222     <td>assign a caption to an image</td>
223   </tr>
224
225   <tr>
226     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#cdl">-cdl <var>filename</var></a></td>
227     <td>color correct with a color decision list</td>
228   </tr>
229
230   <tr>
231     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel <var>type</var></a></td>
232     <td>apply option to select image channels</td>
233   </tr>
234
235   <tr>
236     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#charcoal">-charcoal <var>radius</var></a></td>
237     <td>simulate a charcoal drawing</td>
238   </tr>
239
240   <tr>
241     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#chop">-chop <var>geometry</var></a></td>
242     <td>remove pixels from the image interior</td>
243   </tr>
244
245   <tr>
246     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#clamp">-clamp</a></td>
247     <td>set each pixel whose value is below zero to zero and any the pixel whose value is above the quantum range to the quantum range (e.g. 65535) otherwise the pixel value remains unchanged.</td>
248   </tr>
249
250   <tr>
251     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#clip">-clip</a></td>
252     <td>clip along the first path from the 8BIM profile</td>
253   </tr>
254
255   <tr>
256     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#clip-mask">-clip-mask</a> <var>filename</var></td>
257     <td>associate clip mask with the image</td>
258   </tr>
259
260   <tr>
261     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#clip-path">-clip-path <var>id</var></a></td>
262     <td>clip along a named path from the 8BIM profile</td>
263   </tr>
264
265   <tr>
266     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#clone">-clone <var>index</var></a></td>
267     <td>clone an image</td>
268   </tr>
269
270   <tr>
271     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#clut">-clut</a></td>
272     <td>apply a color lookup table to the image</td>
273   </tr>
274
275   <tr>
276     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#connected-components">-connected-components <var>connectivity</var></a></td>
277     <td>connected-components uniquely labeled, choose from 4 or 8 way connectivity</td>
278   </tr>
279
280   <tr>
281     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch <var>geometry</var></a></td>
282     <td>improve the contrast in an image by `stretching' the range of intensity value</td>
283   </tr>
284
285   <tr>
286     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#coalesce">-coalesce</a></td>
287     <td>merge a sequence of images</td>
288   </tr>
289
290   <tr>
291     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#colorize">-colorize <var>value</var></a></td>
292     <td>colorize the image with the fill color</td>
293   </tr>
294
295   <tr>
296     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#color-matrix">-color-matrix <var>matrix</var></a></td>
297     <td>apply color correction to the image.</td>
298   </tr>
299
300   <tr>
301     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors <var>value</var></a></td>
302     <td>preferred number of colors in the image</td>
303   </tr>
304
305   <tr>
306     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#colorspace">-colorspace <var>type</var></a></td>
307     <td>set image colorspace</td>
308   </tr>
309
310   <tr>
311     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#combine">-combine</a></td>
312     <td>combine a sequence of images</td>
313   </tr>
314
315   <tr>
316     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#comment">-comment <var>string</var></a></td>
317     <td>annotate image with comment</td>
318   </tr>
319
320   <tr>
321     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#compare">-compare</a></td>
322     <td>compare image</td>
323   </tr>
324
325   <tr>
326     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#complex">-complex<var>operator</var></a></td>
327     <td>perform complex mathematics on an image sequence</td>
328   </tr>
329
330   <tr>
331     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose <var>operator</var></a></td>
332     <td>set image composite operator</td>
333   </tr>
334
335   <tr>
336     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#composite">-composite</a></td>
337     <td>composite image</td>
338   </tr>
339
340   <tr>
341     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#compress">-compress <var>type</var></a></td>
342     <td>image compression type</td>
343   </tr>
344
345   <tr>
346     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#contrast">-contrast</a></td>
347     <td>enhance or reduce the image contrast</td>
348   </tr>
349
350   <tr>
351     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">-convolve <var>coefficients</var></a></td>
352     <td>apply a convolution kernel to the image</td>
353   </tr>
354
355   <tr>
356     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#copy">-copy <var>geometry</var> <var>offset</var></a></td>
357     <td>copy pixels from one area of an image to another</td>
358   </tr>
359
360   <tr>
361     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#crop">-crop <var>geometry</var></a></td>
362     <td>crop the image</td>
363   </tr>
364
365   <tr>
366     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#cycle">-cycle <var>amount</var></a></td>
367     <td>cycle the image colormap</td>
368   </tr>
369
370   <tr>
371     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#decipher">-decipher <var>filename</var></a></td>
372     <td>convert cipher pixels to plain</td>
373   </tr>
374
375   <tr>
376     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#debug">-debug <var>events</var></a></td>
377     <td>display copious debugging information</td>
378   </tr>
379
380   <tr>
381     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define <var>format:option</var></a></td>
382     <td>define one or more image format options</td>
383   </tr>
384
385   <tr>
386     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#deconstruct">-deconstruct</a></td>
387     <td>break down an image sequence into constituent parts</td>
388   </tr>
389
390   <tr>
391     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#delay">-delay <var>value</var></a></td>
392     <td>display the next image after pausing</td>
393   </tr>
394
395   <tr>
396     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#delete">-delete <var>index</var></a></td>
397     <td>delete the image from the image sequence</td>
398   </tr>
399
400   <tr>
401     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#density">-density <var>geometry</var></a></td>
402     <td>horizontal and vertical density of the image</td>
403   </tr>
404
405   <tr>
406     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth <var>value</var></a></td>
407     <td>image depth</td>
408   </tr>
409
410   <tr>
411     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#despeckle">-despeckle</a></td>
412     <td>reduce the speckles within an image</td>
413   </tr>
414
415   <tr>
416     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#direction">-direction <var>type</var></a></td>
417     <td>render text right-to-left or left-to-right</td>
418   </tr>
419
420   <tr>
421     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#display">-display <var>server</var></a></td>
422     <td>get image or font from this X server</td>
423   </tr>
424
425   <tr>
426     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#dispose">-dispose <var>method</var></a></td>
427     <td>layer disposal method</td>
428   </tr>
429
430   <tr>
431     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#distribute-cache">-distribute-cache <var>port</var></a></td>
432     <td>launch a distributed pixel cache server</td>
433   </tr>
434
435   <tr>
436     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort <var>type coefficients</var></a></td>
437     <td>distort image</td>
438   </tr>
439
440   <tr>
441     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#dither">-dither  <var>method</var></a></td>
442     <td>apply error diffusion to image</td>
443   </tr>
444
445   <tr>
446     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw <var>string</var></a></td>
447     <td>annotate the image with a graphic primitive</td>
448   </tr>
449
450   <tr>
451     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#duplicate">-duplicate <var>count,indexes</var></a></td>
452     <td>duplicate an image one or more times</td>
453   </tr>
454
455   <tr>
456     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#edge">-edge <var>radius</var></a></td>
457     <td>apply a filter to detect edges in the image</td>
458   </tr>
459
460   <tr>
461     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#emboss">-emboss <var>radius</var></a></td>
462     <td>emboss an image</td>
463   </tr>
464
465   <tr>
466     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#encipher">-encipher <var>filename</var></a></td>
467     <td>convert plain pixels to cipher pixels</td>
468   </tr>
469
470   <tr>
471     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#encoding">-encoding <var>type</var></a></td>
472     <td>text encoding type</td>
473   </tr>
474
475   <tr>
476     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#endian">-endian <var>type</var></a></td>
477     <td>endianness (MSB or LSB) of the image</td>
478   </tr>
479
480   <tr>
481     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#enhance">-enhance</a></td>
482     <td>apply a digital filter to enhance a noisy image</td>
483   </tr>
484
485   <tr>
486     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#equalize">-equalize</a></td>
487     <td>perform histogram equalization to an image</td>
488   </tr>
489
490   <tr>
491     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate <var>operator value</var></a></td>
492     <td>evaluate an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression</td>
493   </tr>
494
495   <tr>
496     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate-sequence">-evaluate-sequence <var>operator</var></a></td>
497     <td>evaluate an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression for an image sequence</td>
498   </tr>
499
500   <tr>
501     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#extent">-extent <var>geometry</var></a></td>
502     <td>set the image size</td>
503   </tr>
504
505   <tr>
506     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#extract">-extract <var>geometry</var></a></td>
507     <td>extract area from image</td>
508   </tr>
509
510   <tr>
511     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#family">-family <var>name</var></a></td>
512     <td>render text with this font family</td>
513   </tr>
514
515   <tr>
516     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#features">-features <var>distance</var></a></td>
517     <td>analyze image features (e.g. contract, correlations, etc.).</td>
518   </tr>
519
520   <tr>
521     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#fft">-fft</a></td>
522     <td>implments the discrete Fourier transform (DFT)</td>
523   </tr>
524
525   <tr>
526     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill <var>color</var></a></td>
527     <td>color to use when filling a graphic primitive</td>
528   </tr>
529
530   <tr>
531     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter <var>type</var></a></td>
532     <td>use this filter when resizing an image</td>
533   </tr>
534
535   <tr>
536     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#flatten">-flatten</a></td>
537     <td>flatten a sequence of images</td>
538   </tr>
539
540   <tr>
541     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#flip">-flip</a></td>
542     <td>flip image in the vertical direction</td>
543   </tr>
544
545   <tr>
546     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#floodfill">-floodfill <var>geometry color</var></a></td>
547     <td>floodfill the image with color</td>
548   </tr>
549
550   <tr>
551     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#flop">-flop</a></td>
552     <td>flop image in the horizontal direction</td>
553   </tr>
554
555   <tr>
556     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#font">-font <var>name</var></a></td>
557     <td>render text with this font</td>
558   </tr>
559
560   <tr>
561     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#format_identify_">-format <var>string</var></a></td>
562     <td>output formatted image characteristics</td>
563   </tr>
564
565   <tr>
566     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame <var>geometry</var></a></td>
567     <td>surround image with an ornamental border</td>
568   </tr>
569
570   <tr>
571     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#function">-function <var>name</var></a></td>
572     <td>apply a function to the image</td>
573   </tr>
574
575   <tr>
576     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz">-fuzz <var>distance</var></a></td>
577     <td>colors within this distance are considered equal</td>
578   </tr>
579
580   <tr>
581     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#fx">-fx <var>expression</var></a></td>
582     <td>apply mathematical expression to an image channel(s)</td>
583   </tr>
584
585   <tr>
586     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#gamma">-gamma <var>value</var></a></td>
587     <td>level of gamma correction</td>
588   </tr>
589
590   <tr>
591     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur <var>geometry</var></a></td>
592     <td>reduce image noise and reduce detail levels</td>
593   </tr>
594
595   <tr>
596     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-geometry <var>geometry</var></a></td>
597     <td>preferred size or location of the image</td>
598   </tr>
599
600   <tr>
601     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity <var>type</var></a></td>
602     <td>horizontal and vertical text placement</td>
603   </tr>
604
605   <tr>
606     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#intensity">-grayscale <var>method</var></a></td>
607     <td>convert image to grayscale</td>
608   </tr>
609
610   <tr>
611     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#green-primary">-green-primary <var>point</var></a></td>
612     <td>chromaticity green primary point</td>
613   </tr>
614
615   <tr>
616     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#help">-help</a></td>
617     <td>print program options</td>
618   </tr>
619
620   <tr>
621     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#hough-lines">-hough-lines <var>geometry</var></a></td>
622     <td>identify lines in the image</td>
623   </tr>
624
625   <tr>
626     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#identify">-identify</a></td>
627     <td>identify the format and characteristics of the image</td>
628   </tr>
629
630   <tr>
631     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#ift">-ift</a></td>
632     <td>implements the inverse discrete Fourier transform (DFT)</td>
633   </tr>
634
635   <tr>
636     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#implode">-implode <var>amount</var></a></td>
637     <td>implode image pixels about the center</td>
638   </tr>
639
640   <tr>
641     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#insert">-insert <var>index</var></a></td>
642     <td>insert last image into the image sequence</td>
643   </tr>
644
645   <tr>
646     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#intensity">-intensity <var>method</var></a></td>
647     <td>method to generate an intensity value from a pixel</td>
648   </tr>
649
650   <tr>
651     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#intent">-intent <var>type</var></a></td>
652     <td>type of rendering intent when managing the image color</td>
653   </tr>
654
655   <tr>
656     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#interlace">-interlace <var>type</var></a></td>
657     <td>type of image interlacing scheme</td>
658   </tr>
659
660   <tr>
661     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#interline-spacing">-interline-spacing <var>value</var></a></td>
662     <td>the space between two text lines</td>
663   </tr>
664
665   <tr>
666     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#interpolate">-interpolate <var>method</var></a></td>
667     <td>pixel color interpolation method</td>
668   </tr>
669
670   <tr>
671     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#interword-spacing">-interword-spacing <var>value</var></a></td>
672     <td>the space between two words</td>
673   </tr>
674
675   <tr>
676     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#kerning">-kerning <var>value</var></a></td>
677     <td>the space between two characters</td>
678   </tr>
679
680   <tr>
681     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#kuwahara">-kuwahara <var>geometry</var></a></td>
682     <td>edge preserving noise reduction filter</td>
683   </tr>
684
685   <tr>
686     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#label">-label <var>string</var></a></td>
687     <td>assign a label to an image</td>
688   </tr>
689
690   <tr>
691     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#lat">-lat <var>geometry</var></a></td>
692     <td>local adaptive thresholding</td>
693   </tr>
694
695   <tr>
696     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers <var>method</var></a></td>
697     <td>optimize or compare image layers</td>
698   </tr>
699
700   <tr>
701     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#level">-level <var>value</var></a></td>
702     <td>adjust the level of image contrast</td>
703   </tr>
704
705   <tr>
706     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#limit">-limit <var>type value</var></a></td>
707     <td>pixel cache resource limit</td>
708   </tr>
709
710   <tr>
711     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#linear-stretch">-linear-stretch <var>geometry</var></a></td>
712     <td>linear with saturation histogram stretch</td>
713   </tr>
714
715   <tr>
716     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#liquid-rescale">-liquid-rescale <var>geometry</var></a></td>
717     <td>rescale image with seam-carving</td>
718   </tr>
719
720   <tr>
721     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list <var>type</var></a></td>
722     <td>Color, Configure, Delegate, Format, Magic, Module, Resource, or Type</td>
723   </tr>
724
725   <tr>
726     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#log">-log <var>format</var></a></td>
727     <td>format of debugging information</td>
728   </tr>
729
730   <tr>
731     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#loop">-loop <var>iterations</var></a></td>
732     <td>add Netscape loop extension to your GIF animation</td>
733   </tr>
734
735   <tr>
736     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor">-mattecolor <var>color</var></a></td>
737     <td>frame color</td>
738   </tr>
739
740   <tr>
741     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#median">-median <var>radius</var></a></td>
742     <td>apply a median filter to the image</td>
743   </tr>
744
745   <tr>
746     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#mean-shift">-mean-shift <var>geometry</var></a></td>
747     <td>delineate arbitrarily shaped clusters in the image</td>
748   </tr>
749
750   <tr>
751     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#metric">-metric <var>type</var></a></td>
752     <td>measure differences between images with this metric</td>
753   </tr>
754
755   <tr>
756     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#mode">-mode <var>radius</var></a></td>
757     <td>make each pixel the 'predominant color' of the neighborhood</td>
758   </tr>
759
760   <tr>
761     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#modulate">-modulate <var>value</var></a></td>
762     <td>vary the brightness, saturation, and hue</td>
763   </tr>
764
765   <tr>
766     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#moments">-moments</a></td>
767     <td>display image moments.</td>
768   </tr>
769
770   <tr>
771     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#monitor">-monitor</a></td>
772     <td>monitor progress</td>
773   </tr>
774
775   <tr>
776     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#monochrome">-monochrome</a></td>
777     <td>transform image to black and white</td>
778   </tr>
779
780   <tr>
781     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#morph">-morph <var>value</var></a></td>
782     <td>morph an image sequence</td>
783   </tr>
784
785   <tr>
786     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#morphology">-morphology <var>method</var></a> <var>kernel</var></td>
787     <td>apply a morphology method to the image</td>
788   </tr>
789
790   <tr>
791     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#motion-blur">-motion-blur <var>geometry</var></a></td>
792     <td>simulate motion blur</td>
793   </tr>
794
795   <tr>
796     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#negate">-negate</a></td>
797     <td>replace each pixel with its complementary color </td>
798   </tr>
799
800   <tr>
801     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#noise">-noise <var>radius</var></a></td>
802     <td>add or reduce noise in an image</td>
803   </tr>
804
805   <tr>
806     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#normalize">-normalize</a></td>
807     <td>transform image to span the full range of colors</td>
808   </tr>
809
810   <tr>
811     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#opaque">-opaque <var>color</var></a></td>
812     <td>change this color to the fill color</td>
813   </tr>
814
815   <tr>
816     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither <var>NxN</var></a></td>
817     <td>ordered dither the image</td>
818   </tr>
819
820   <tr>
821     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#orient">-orient <var>type</var></a></td>
822     <td>image orientation</td>
823   </tr>
824
825   <tr>
826     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page <var>geometry</var></a></td>
827     <td>size and location of an image canvas (setting)</td>
828   </tr>
829
830   <tr>
831     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#paint">-paint <var>radius</var></a></td>
832     <td>simulate an oil painting</td>
833   </tr>
834
835   <tr>
836     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#perceptible">-perceptible</a></td>
837     <td>set each pixel whose value is less than |<var>epsilon</var>| to <var>-epsilon</var> or <var>epsilon</var> (whichever is closer) otherwise the pixel value remains unchanged.</td>
838   </tr>
839
840   <tr>
841     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#ping">-ping</a></td>
842     <td>efficiently determine image attributes</td>
843   </tr>
844
845   <tr>
846     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#pointsize">-pointsize <var>value</var></a></td>
847     <td>font point size</td>
848   </tr>
849
850   <tr>
851     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#polaroid">-polaroid <var>angle</var></a></td>
852     <td>simulate a Polaroid picture</td>
853   </tr>
854
855   <tr>
856     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#poly">-poly <var>terms</var></a></td>
857     <td>build a polynomial from the image sequence and the corresponding terms (coefficients and degree pairs).</td>
858   </tr>
859
860   <tr>
861     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#posterize">-posterize <var>levels</var></a></td>
862     <td>reduce the image to a limited number of color levels</td>
863   </tr>
864
865   <tr>
866     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#precision">-precision <var>value</var></a></td>
867     <td>set the maximum number of significant digits to be printed</td>
868   </tr>
869
870   <tr>
871     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#preview">-preview <var>type</var></a></td>
872     <td>image preview type</td>
873   </tr>
874
875   <tr>
876     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#print">-print <var>string</var></a></td>
877     <td>interpret string and print to console</td>
878   </tr>
879
880   <tr>
881     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#process">-process <var>image-filter</var></a></td>
882     <td>process the image with a custom image filter</td>
883   </tr>
884
885   <tr>
886     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile <var>filename</var></a></td>
887     <td>add, delete, or apply an image profile</td>
888   </tr>
889
890   <tr>
891     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#quality">-quality <var>value</var></a></td>
892     <td>JPEG/MIFF/PNG compression level</td>
893   </tr>
894
895   <tr>
896     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#quantize">-quantize <var>colorspace</var></a></td>
897     <td>reduce image colors in this colorspace</td>
898   </tr>
899
900   <tr>
901     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#quiet">-quiet</a></td>
902     <td>suppress all warning messages</td>
903   </tr>
904
905   <tr>
906     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#radial-blur">-radial-blur <var>angle</var></a></td>
907     <td>radial blur the image</td>
908   </tr>
909
910   <tr>
911     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#raise">-raise <var>value</var></a></td>
912     <td>lighten/darken image edges to create a 3-D effect</td>
913   </tr>
914
915   <tr>
916     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#random-threshold">-random-threshold <var>low,high</var></a></td>
917     <td>random threshold the image</td>
918   </tr>
919
920   <tr>
921     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#read-mask">-read-mask <var>filename</var></a></td>
922     <td>associate a read mask with the image</td>
923   </tr>
924
925   <tr>
926     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#red-primary">-red-primary <var>point</var></a></td>
927     <td>chromaticity red primary point</td>
928   </tr>
929
930   <tr>
931     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#regard-warnings">-regard-warnings</a></td>
932     <td>pay attention to warning messages.</td>
933   </tr>
934
935   <tr>
936     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#region">-region <var>geometry</var></a></td>
937     <td>apply options to a portion of the image</td>
938   </tr>
939
940   <tr>
941     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#remap">-remap <var>filename</var></a></td>
942     <td>transform image colors to match this set of colors</td>
943   </tr>
944
945   <tr>
946     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#render">-render</a></td>
947     <td>render vector graphics</td>
948   </tr>
949
950   <tr>
951     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#repage">-repage <var>geometry</var></a></td>
952     <td>size and location of an image canvas</td>
953   </tr>
954
955   <tr>
956     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#resample">-resample <var>geometry</var></a></td>
957     <td>change the resolution of an image</td>
958   </tr>
959
960   <tr>
961     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize <var>geometry</var></a></td>
962     <td>resize the image</td>
963   </tr>
964
965   <tr>
966     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#respect-parentheses">-respect-parentheses</a></td>
967     <td>settings remain in effect until parenthesis boundary.</td>
968   </tr>
969
970   <tr>
971     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#roll">-roll <var>geometry</var></a></td>
972     <td>roll an image vertically or horizontally</td>
973   </tr>
974
975   <tr>
976     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#rotate">-rotate <var>degrees</var></a></td>
977     <td>apply Paeth rotation to the image</td>
978   </tr>
979
980   <tr>
981     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#sample">-sample <var>geometry</var></a></td>
982     <td>scale image with pixel sampling</td>
983   </tr>
984
985   <tr>
986     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor <var>geometry</var></a></td>
987     <td>horizontal and vertical sampling factor</td>
988   </tr>
989
990   <tr>
991     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#scale">-scale <var>geometry</var></a></td>
992     <td>scale the image</td>
993   </tr>
994
995   <tr>
996     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#scene">-scene <var>value</var></a></td>
997     <td>image scene number</td>
998   </tr>
999
1000   <tr>
1001     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#seed">-seed <var>value</var></a></td>
1002     <td>seed a new sequence of pseudo-random numbers</td>
1003   </tr>
1004
1005   <tr>
1006     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#segment">-segment <var>values</var></a></td>
1007     <td>segment an image</td>
1008   </tr>
1009
1010   <tr>
1011     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">-selective-blur <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1012     <td>selectively blur pixels within a contrast threshold</td>
1013   </tr>
1014
1015   <tr>
1016     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#separate">-separate</a></td>
1017     <td>separate an image channel into a grayscale image</td>
1018   </tr>
1019
1020   <tr>
1021     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#sepia-tone">-sepia-tone <var>threshold</var></a></td>
1022     <td>simulate a sepia-toned photo</td>
1023   </tr>
1024
1025   <tr>
1026     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set <var>attribute value</var></a></td>
1027     <td>set an image attribute</td>
1028   </tr>
1029
1030   <tr>
1031     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#shade">-shade <var>degrees</var></a></td>
1032     <td>shade the image using a distant light source</td>
1033   </tr>
1034
1035   <tr>
1036     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#shadow">-shadow <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1037     <td>simulate an image shadow</td>
1038   </tr>
1039
1040   <tr>
1041     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#sharpen">-sharpen <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1042     <td>sharpen the image</td>
1043   </tr>
1044
1045   <tr>
1046     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#shave">-shave <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1047     <td>shave pixels from the image edges</td>
1048   </tr>
1049
1050   <tr>
1051     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#shear">-shear <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1052     <td>slide one edge of the image along the X or Y axis</td>
1053   </tr>
1054
1055   <tr>
1056     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#sigmoidal">-sigmoidal-contrast <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1057     <td>increase the contrast without saturating highlights or shadows</td>
1058   </tr>
1059
1060   <tr>
1061     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#smush">-smush <var>offset</var></a></td>
1062     <td>smush an image sequence together</td>
1063   </tr>
1064
1065   <tr>
1066     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#size">-size <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1067     <td>width and height of image</td>
1068   </tr>
1069
1070   <tr>
1071     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#sketch">-sketch <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1072     <td>simulate a pencil sketch</td>
1073   </tr>
1074
1075   <tr>
1076     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#solarize">-solarize <var>threshold</var></a></td>
1077     <td>negate all pixels above the threshold level</td>
1078   </tr>
1079
1080   <tr>
1081     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#splice">-splice <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1082     <td>splice the background color into the image</td>
1083   </tr>
1084
1085   <tr>
1086     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#spread">-spread <var>radius</var></a></td>
1087     <td>displace image pixels by a random amount</td>
1088   </tr>
1089
1090   <tr>
1091     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#statistic">-statistic <var>type</var> <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1092     <td>replace each pixel with corresponding statistic from the neighborhood</td>
1093   </tr>
1094
1095   <tr>
1096     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#strip">-strip</a></td>
1097     <td>strip image of all profiles and comments</td>
1098   </tr>
1099
1100   <tr>
1101     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke <var>color</var></a></td>
1102     <td>graphic primitive stroke color</td>
1103   </tr>
1104
1105   <tr>
1106     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth">-strokewidth <var>value</var></a></td>
1107     <td>graphic primitive stroke width</td>
1108   </tr>
1109
1110   <tr>
1111     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch <var>type</var></a></td>
1112     <td>render text with this font stretch</td>
1113   </tr>
1114
1115   <tr>
1116     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#style">-style <var>type</var></a></td>
1117     <td>render text with this font style</td>
1118   </tr>
1119
1120   <tr>
1121     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#swap">-swap <var>indexes</var></a></td>
1122     <td>swap two images in the image sequence</td>
1123   </tr>
1124
1125   <tr>
1126     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#swirl">-swirl <var>degrees</var></a></td>
1127     <td>swirl image pixels about the center</td>
1128   </tr>
1129
1130   <tr>
1131     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#synchronize">-synchronize</a></td>
1132     <td>synchronize image to storage device</td>
1133   </tr>
1134
1135   <tr>
1136     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#taint">-taint</a></td>
1137     <td>mark the image as modified</td>
1138   </tr>
1139
1140   <tr>
1141     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#texture">-texture <var>filename</var></a></td>
1142     <td>name of texture to tile onto the image background</td>
1143   </tr>
1144
1145   <tr>
1146     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">-threshold <var>value</var></a></td>
1147     <td>threshold the image</td>
1148   </tr>
1149
1150   <tr>
1151     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#thumbnail">-thumbnail <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1152     <td>create a thumbnail of the image</td>
1153   </tr>
1154
1155   <tr>
1156     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#tile">-tile <var>filename</var></a></td>
1157     <td>tile image when filling a graphic primitive</td>
1158   </tr>
1159
1160   <tr>
1161     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#tile-offset">-tile-offset <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1162     <td>set the image tile offset</td>
1163   </tr>
1164
1165   <tr>
1166     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#tint">-tint <var>value</var></a></td>
1167     <td>tint the image with the fill color</td>
1168   </tr>
1169
1170   <tr>
1171     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#transform">-transform</a></td>
1172     <td>affine transform image</td>
1173   </tr>
1174
1175   <tr>
1176     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#transparent">-transparent <var>color</var></a></td>
1177     <td>make this color transparent within the image</td>
1178   </tr>
1179
1180   <tr>
1181     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#transparent-color">-transparent-color <var>color</var></a></td>
1182     <td>transparent color</td>
1183   </tr>
1184
1185   <tr>
1186     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#transpose">-transpose</a></td>
1187     <td>flip image in the vertical direction and rotate 90 degrees</td>
1188   </tr>
1189
1190   <tr>
1191     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#transverse">-transverse</a></td>
1192     <td>flop image in the horizontal direction and rotate 270 degrees</td>
1193   </tr>
1194
1195   <tr>
1196     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#treedepth">-treedepth <var>value</var></a></td>
1197     <td>color tree depth</td>
1198   </tr>
1199
1200   <tr>
1201     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#trim">-trim</a></td>
1202     <td>trim image edges</td>
1203   </tr>
1204
1205   <tr>
1206     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#type">-type <var>type</var></a></td>
1207     <td>image type</td>
1208   </tr>
1209
1210   <tr>
1211     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#undercolor">-undercolor <var>color</var></a></td>
1212     <td>annotation bounding box color</td>
1213   </tr>
1214
1215   <tr>
1216     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#unique-colors">-unique-colors</a></td>
1217     <td>discard all but one of any pixel color.</td>
1218   </tr>
1219
1220   <tr>
1221     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#units">-units <var>type</var></a></td>
1222     <td>the units of image resolution</td>
1223   </tr>
1224
1225   <tr>
1226     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#unsharp">-unsharp <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1227     <td>sharpen the image</td>
1228   </tr>
1229
1230   <tr>
1231     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#verbose">-verbose</a></td>
1232     <td>print detailed information about the image</td>
1233   </tr>
1234
1235   <tr>
1236     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#version">-version</a></td>
1237     <td>print version information</td>
1238   </tr>
1239
1240   <tr>
1241     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#view">-view</a></td>
1242     <td>FlashPix viewing transforms</td>
1243   </tr>
1244
1245   <tr>
1246     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#vignette">-vignette <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1247     <td>soften the edges of the image in vignette style</td>
1248   </tr>
1249
1250   <tr>
1251     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel <var>method</var></a></td>
1252     <td>access method for pixels outside the boundaries of the image</td>
1253   </tr>
1254
1255   <tr>
1256     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#wave">-wave <var>geometry</var></a></td>
1257     <td>alter an image along a sine wave</td>
1258   </tr>
1259
1260   <tr>
1261     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight <var>type</var></a></td>
1262     <td>render text with this font weight</td>
1263   </tr>
1264
1265   <tr>
1266     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#white-point">-white-point <var>point</var></a></td>
1267     <td>chromaticity white point</td>
1268   </tr>
1269
1270   <tr>
1271     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#white-threshold">-white-threshold <var>value</var></a></td>
1272     <td>force all pixels above the threshold into white</td>
1273   </tr>
1274
1275   <tr>
1276     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#write">-write <var>filename</var></a></td>
1277     <td>write images to this file</td>
1278   </tr>
1279
1280   <tr>
1281     <td><a href="command-line-options.html#write-mask">-write-mask <var>filename</var></a></td>
1282     <td>associate a write mask with the image</td>
1283   </tr>
1284 </table>
1285 </div>
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