2 * Copyright (c) 2010 The WebM project authors. All Rights Reserved.
4 * Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license
5 * that can be found in the LICENSE file in the root of the source
6 * tree. An additional intellectual property rights grant can be found
7 * in the file PATENTS. All contributing project authors may
8 * be found in the AUTHORS file in the root of the source tree.
15 #include "./vpx_scale_rtcd.h"
17 #include "vpx_mem/vpx_mem.h"
18 #include "vpx_scale/vpx_scale.h"
19 #include "vpx_scale/yv12config.h"
21 #include "vp9/common/vp9_entropymv.h"
22 #include "vp9/common/vp9_quant_common.h"
23 #include "vp9/common/vp9_reconinter.h" // vp9_setup_dst_planes()
24 #include "vp9/common/vp9_systemdependent.h"
26 #include "vp9/encoder/vp9_aq_variance.h"
27 #include "vp9/encoder/vp9_block.h"
28 #include "vp9/encoder/vp9_encodeframe.h"
29 #include "vp9/encoder/vp9_encodemb.h"
30 #include "vp9/encoder/vp9_encodemv.h"
31 #include "vp9/encoder/vp9_encoder.h"
32 #include "vp9/encoder/vp9_extend.h"
33 #include "vp9/encoder/vp9_firstpass.h"
34 #include "vp9/encoder/vp9_mcomp.h"
35 #include "vp9/encoder/vp9_quantize.h"
36 #include "vp9/encoder/vp9_rd.h"
37 #include "vp9/encoder/vp9_variance.h"
42 #define IIKFACTOR1 12.5
43 #define IIKFACTOR2 15.0
46 #define ERR_DIVISOR 150.0
47 #define MIN_DECAY_FACTOR 0.1
48 #define SVC_FACTOR_PT_LOW 0.45
49 #define FACTOR_PT_LOW 0.5
50 #define FACTOR_PT_HIGH 0.9
52 #define KF_MB_INTRA_MIN 150
53 #define GF_MB_INTRA_MIN 100
55 #define DOUBLE_DIVIDE_CHECK(x) ((x) < 0 ? (x) - 0.000001 : (x) + 0.000001)
57 #define MIN_KF_BOOST 300
58 #define MIN_GF_INTERVAL 4
59 #define LONG_TERM_VBR_CORRECTION
61 static void swap_yv12(YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *a, YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *b) {
62 YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG temp = *a;
67 static int gfboost_qadjust(int qindex) {
68 const double q = vp9_convert_qindex_to_q(qindex);
69 return (int)((0.00000828 * q * q * q) +
74 // Resets the first pass file to the given position using a relative seek from
75 // the current position.
76 static void reset_fpf_position(TWO_PASS *p,
77 const FIRSTPASS_STATS *position) {
78 p->stats_in = position;
81 static int lookup_next_frame_stats(const TWO_PASS *p,
82 FIRSTPASS_STATS *next_frame) {
83 if (p->stats_in >= p->stats_in_end)
86 *next_frame = *p->stats_in;
91 // Read frame stats at an offset from the current position.
92 static const FIRSTPASS_STATS *read_frame_stats(const TWO_PASS *p, int offset) {
93 if ((offset >= 0 && p->stats_in + offset >= p->stats_in_end) ||
94 (offset < 0 && p->stats_in + offset < p->stats_in_start)) {
98 return &p->stats_in[offset];
101 static int input_stats(TWO_PASS *p, FIRSTPASS_STATS *fps) {
102 if (p->stats_in >= p->stats_in_end)
110 static void output_stats(FIRSTPASS_STATS *stats,
111 struct vpx_codec_pkt_list *pktlist) {
112 struct vpx_codec_cx_pkt pkt;
113 pkt.kind = VPX_CODEC_STATS_PKT;
114 pkt.data.twopass_stats.buf = stats;
115 pkt.data.twopass_stats.sz = sizeof(FIRSTPASS_STATS);
116 vpx_codec_pkt_list_add(pktlist, &pkt);
122 fpfile = fopen("firstpass.stt", "a");
124 fprintf(fpfile, "%12.0f %12.0f %12.0f %12.0f %12.4f %12.4f"
125 "%12.4f %12.4f %12.4f %12.4f %12.4f %12.4f %12.4f"
126 "%12.0f %12.0f %12.4f %12.0f %12.0f %12.4f\n",
130 stats->sr_coded_error,
133 stats->pcnt_second_ref,
141 stats->mv_in_out_count,
150 #if CONFIG_FP_MB_STATS
151 static int input_fpmb_stats(FIRSTPASS_MB_STATS *firstpass_mb_stats,
152 VP9_COMMON *cm, uint8_t **this_frame_mb_stats) {
153 if (firstpass_mb_stats->mb_stats_in > firstpass_mb_stats->mb_stats_end)
156 *this_frame_mb_stats = firstpass_mb_stats->mb_stats_in;
157 firstpass_mb_stats->mb_stats_in += cm->MBs * sizeof(uint8_t);
161 static void output_fpmb_stats(uint8_t *this_frame_mb_stats, VP9_COMMON *cm,
162 struct vpx_codec_pkt_list *pktlist) {
163 struct vpx_codec_cx_pkt pkt;
164 pkt.kind = VPX_CODEC_FPMB_STATS_PKT;
165 pkt.data.firstpass_mb_stats.buf = this_frame_mb_stats;
166 pkt.data.firstpass_mb_stats.sz = cm->MBs * sizeof(uint8_t);
167 vpx_codec_pkt_list_add(pktlist, &pkt);
171 static void zero_stats(FIRSTPASS_STATS *section) {
172 section->frame = 0.0;
173 section->intra_error = 0.0;
174 section->coded_error = 0.0;
175 section->sr_coded_error = 0.0;
176 section->pcnt_inter = 0.0;
177 section->pcnt_motion = 0.0;
178 section->pcnt_second_ref = 0.0;
179 section->pcnt_neutral = 0.0;
181 section->mvr_abs = 0.0;
183 section->mvc_abs = 0.0;
186 section->mv_in_out_count = 0.0;
187 section->new_mv_count = 0.0;
188 section->count = 0.0;
189 section->duration = 1.0;
190 section->spatial_layer_id = 0;
193 static void accumulate_stats(FIRSTPASS_STATS *section,
194 const FIRSTPASS_STATS *frame) {
195 section->frame += frame->frame;
196 section->spatial_layer_id = frame->spatial_layer_id;
197 section->intra_error += frame->intra_error;
198 section->coded_error += frame->coded_error;
199 section->sr_coded_error += frame->sr_coded_error;
200 section->pcnt_inter += frame->pcnt_inter;
201 section->pcnt_motion += frame->pcnt_motion;
202 section->pcnt_second_ref += frame->pcnt_second_ref;
203 section->pcnt_neutral += frame->pcnt_neutral;
204 section->MVr += frame->MVr;
205 section->mvr_abs += frame->mvr_abs;
206 section->MVc += frame->MVc;
207 section->mvc_abs += frame->mvc_abs;
208 section->MVrv += frame->MVrv;
209 section->MVcv += frame->MVcv;
210 section->mv_in_out_count += frame->mv_in_out_count;
211 section->new_mv_count += frame->new_mv_count;
212 section->count += frame->count;
213 section->duration += frame->duration;
216 static void subtract_stats(FIRSTPASS_STATS *section,
217 const FIRSTPASS_STATS *frame) {
218 section->frame -= frame->frame;
219 section->intra_error -= frame->intra_error;
220 section->coded_error -= frame->coded_error;
221 section->sr_coded_error -= frame->sr_coded_error;
222 section->pcnt_inter -= frame->pcnt_inter;
223 section->pcnt_motion -= frame->pcnt_motion;
224 section->pcnt_second_ref -= frame->pcnt_second_ref;
225 section->pcnt_neutral -= frame->pcnt_neutral;
226 section->MVr -= frame->MVr;
227 section->mvr_abs -= frame->mvr_abs;
228 section->MVc -= frame->MVc;
229 section->mvc_abs -= frame->mvc_abs;
230 section->MVrv -= frame->MVrv;
231 section->MVcv -= frame->MVcv;
232 section->mv_in_out_count -= frame->mv_in_out_count;
233 section->new_mv_count -= frame->new_mv_count;
234 section->count -= frame->count;
235 section->duration -= frame->duration;
238 static void avg_stats(FIRSTPASS_STATS *section) {
239 if (section->count < 1.0)
242 section->intra_error /= section->count;
243 section->coded_error /= section->count;
244 section->sr_coded_error /= section->count;
245 section->pcnt_inter /= section->count;
246 section->pcnt_second_ref /= section->count;
247 section->pcnt_neutral /= section->count;
248 section->pcnt_motion /= section->count;
249 section->MVr /= section->count;
250 section->mvr_abs /= section->count;
251 section->MVc /= section->count;
252 section->mvc_abs /= section->count;
253 section->MVrv /= section->count;
254 section->MVcv /= section->count;
255 section->mv_in_out_count /= section->count;
256 section->duration /= section->count;
259 // Calculate a modified Error used in distributing bits between easier and
261 static double calculate_modified_err(const TWO_PASS *twopass,
262 const VP9EncoderConfig *oxcf,
263 const FIRSTPASS_STATS *this_frame) {
264 const FIRSTPASS_STATS *const stats = &twopass->total_stats;
265 const double av_err = stats->coded_error / stats->count;
266 const double modified_error = av_err *
267 pow(this_frame->coded_error / DOUBLE_DIVIDE_CHECK(av_err),
268 oxcf->two_pass_vbrbias / 100.0);
269 return fclamp(modified_error,
270 twopass->modified_error_min, twopass->modified_error_max);
273 // This function returns the maximum target rate per frame.
274 static int frame_max_bits(const RATE_CONTROL *rc,
275 const VP9EncoderConfig *oxcf) {
276 int64_t max_bits = ((int64_t)rc->avg_frame_bandwidth *
277 (int64_t)oxcf->two_pass_vbrmax_section) / 100;
280 else if (max_bits > rc->max_frame_bandwidth)
281 max_bits = rc->max_frame_bandwidth;
283 return (int)max_bits;
286 void vp9_init_first_pass(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
287 zero_stats(&cpi->twopass.total_stats);
290 void vp9_end_first_pass(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
291 if (cpi->use_svc && cpi->svc.number_temporal_layers == 1) {
293 for (i = 0; i < cpi->svc.number_spatial_layers; ++i) {
294 output_stats(&cpi->svc.layer_context[i].twopass.total_stats,
295 cpi->output_pkt_list);
298 output_stats(&cpi->twopass.total_stats, cpi->output_pkt_list);
302 static vp9_variance_fn_t get_block_variance_fn(BLOCK_SIZE bsize) {
315 static unsigned int get_prediction_error(BLOCK_SIZE bsize,
316 const struct buf_2d *src,
317 const struct buf_2d *ref) {
319 const vp9_variance_fn_t fn = get_block_variance_fn(bsize);
320 fn(src->buf, src->stride, ref->buf, ref->stride, &sse);
324 // Refine the motion search range according to the frame dimension
325 // for first pass test.
326 static int get_search_range(const VP9_COMMON *cm) {
328 const int dim = MIN(cm->width, cm->height);
330 while ((dim << sr) < MAX_FULL_PEL_VAL)
335 static void first_pass_motion_search(VP9_COMP *cpi, MACROBLOCK *x,
336 const MV *ref_mv, MV *best_mv,
337 int *best_motion_err) {
338 MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &x->e_mbd;
340 MV ref_mv_full = {ref_mv->row >> 3, ref_mv->col >> 3};
341 int num00, tmp_err, n;
342 const BLOCK_SIZE bsize = xd->mi[0]->mbmi.sb_type;
343 vp9_variance_fn_ptr_t v_fn_ptr = cpi->fn_ptr[bsize];
344 const int new_mv_mode_penalty = 256;
347 int further_steps = (MAX_MVSEARCH_STEPS - 1) - step_param;
348 const int sr = get_search_range(&cpi->common);
352 // Override the default variance function to use MSE.
353 v_fn_ptr.vf = get_block_variance_fn(bsize);
355 // Center the initial step/diamond search on best mv.
356 tmp_err = cpi->diamond_search_sad(x, &cpi->ss_cfg, &ref_mv_full, &tmp_mv,
358 x->sadperbit16, &num00, &v_fn_ptr, ref_mv);
359 if (tmp_err < INT_MAX)
360 tmp_err = vp9_get_mvpred_var(x, &tmp_mv, ref_mv, &v_fn_ptr, 1);
361 if (tmp_err < INT_MAX - new_mv_mode_penalty)
362 tmp_err += new_mv_mode_penalty;
364 if (tmp_err < *best_motion_err) {
365 *best_motion_err = tmp_err;
369 // Carry out further step/diamond searches as necessary.
373 while (n < further_steps) {
379 tmp_err = cpi->diamond_search_sad(x, &cpi->ss_cfg, &ref_mv_full, &tmp_mv,
380 step_param + n, x->sadperbit16,
381 &num00, &v_fn_ptr, ref_mv);
382 if (tmp_err < INT_MAX)
383 tmp_err = vp9_get_mvpred_var(x, &tmp_mv, ref_mv, &v_fn_ptr, 1);
384 if (tmp_err < INT_MAX - new_mv_mode_penalty)
385 tmp_err += new_mv_mode_penalty;
387 if (tmp_err < *best_motion_err) {
388 *best_motion_err = tmp_err;
395 static BLOCK_SIZE get_bsize(const VP9_COMMON *cm, int mb_row, int mb_col) {
396 if (2 * mb_col + 1 < cm->mi_cols) {
397 return 2 * mb_row + 1 < cm->mi_rows ? BLOCK_16X16
400 return 2 * mb_row + 1 < cm->mi_rows ? BLOCK_8X16
405 static int find_fp_qindex() {
408 for (i = 0; i < QINDEX_RANGE; ++i)
409 if (vp9_convert_qindex_to_q(i) >= 30.0)
412 if (i == QINDEX_RANGE)
418 static void set_first_pass_params(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
419 VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
420 if (!cpi->refresh_alt_ref_frame &&
421 (cm->current_video_frame == 0 ||
422 (cpi->frame_flags & FRAMEFLAGS_KEY))) {
423 cm->frame_type = KEY_FRAME;
425 cm->frame_type = INTER_FRAME;
427 // Do not use periodic key frames.
428 cpi->rc.frames_to_key = INT_MAX;
431 void vp9_first_pass(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
433 MACROBLOCK *const x = &cpi->mb;
434 VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
435 MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &x->e_mbd;
437 struct macroblock_plane *const p = x->plane;
438 struct macroblockd_plane *const pd = xd->plane;
439 const PICK_MODE_CONTEXT *ctx = &cpi->pc_root->none;
442 int recon_yoffset, recon_uvoffset;
443 YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *const lst_yv12 = get_ref_frame_buffer(cpi, LAST_FRAME);
444 YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *gld_yv12 = get_ref_frame_buffer(cpi, GOLDEN_FRAME);
445 YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *const new_yv12 = get_frame_new_buffer(cm);
446 int recon_y_stride = lst_yv12->y_stride;
447 int recon_uv_stride = lst_yv12->uv_stride;
448 int uv_mb_height = 16 >> (lst_yv12->y_height > lst_yv12->uv_height);
449 int64_t intra_error = 0;
450 int64_t coded_error = 0;
451 int64_t sr_coded_error = 0;
453 int sum_mvr = 0, sum_mvc = 0;
454 int sum_mvr_abs = 0, sum_mvc_abs = 0;
455 int64_t sum_mvrs = 0, sum_mvcs = 0;
458 int second_ref_count = 0;
459 int intrapenalty = 256;
460 int neutral_count = 0;
461 int new_mv_count = 0;
462 int sum_in_vectors = 0;
463 uint32_t lastmv_as_int = 0;
464 TWO_PASS *twopass = &cpi->twopass;
465 const MV zero_mv = {0, 0};
466 const YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *first_ref_buf = lst_yv12;
468 #if CONFIG_FP_MB_STATS
469 if (cpi->use_fp_mb_stats) {
470 vp9_zero_array(cpi->twopass.frame_mb_stats_buf, cm->MBs);
474 vp9_clear_system_state();
476 set_first_pass_params(cpi);
477 vp9_set_quantizer(cm, find_fp_qindex());
479 if (cpi->use_svc && cpi->svc.number_temporal_layers == 1) {
480 MV_REFERENCE_FRAME ref_frame = LAST_FRAME;
481 const YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *scaled_ref_buf = NULL;
482 twopass = &cpi->svc.layer_context[cpi->svc.spatial_layer_id].twopass;
484 if (cpi->common.current_video_frame == 0) {
485 cpi->ref_frame_flags = 0;
487 LAYER_CONTEXT *lc = &cpi->svc.layer_context[cpi->svc.spatial_layer_id];
488 if (lc->current_video_frame_in_layer == 0)
489 cpi->ref_frame_flags = VP9_GOLD_FLAG;
491 cpi->ref_frame_flags = VP9_LAST_FLAG | VP9_GOLD_FLAG;
494 vp9_scale_references(cpi);
496 // Use either last frame or alt frame for motion search.
497 if (cpi->ref_frame_flags & VP9_LAST_FLAG) {
498 scaled_ref_buf = vp9_get_scaled_ref_frame(cpi, LAST_FRAME);
499 ref_frame = LAST_FRAME;
500 } else if (cpi->ref_frame_flags & VP9_GOLD_FLAG) {
501 scaled_ref_buf = vp9_get_scaled_ref_frame(cpi, GOLDEN_FRAME);
502 ref_frame = GOLDEN_FRAME;
505 if (scaled_ref_buf != NULL)
506 first_ref_buf = scaled_ref_buf;
508 recon_y_stride = new_yv12->y_stride;
509 recon_uv_stride = new_yv12->uv_stride;
510 uv_mb_height = 16 >> (new_yv12->y_height > new_yv12->uv_height);
512 // Disable golden frame for svc first pass for now.
514 set_ref_ptrs(cm, xd, ref_frame, NONE);
516 cpi->Source = vp9_scale_if_required(cm, cpi->un_scaled_source,
517 &cpi->scaled_source);
520 vp9_setup_block_planes(&x->e_mbd, cm->subsampling_x, cm->subsampling_y);
522 vp9_setup_src_planes(x, cpi->Source, 0, 0);
523 vp9_setup_pre_planes(xd, 0, first_ref_buf, 0, 0, NULL);
524 vp9_setup_dst_planes(xd->plane, new_yv12, 0, 0);
526 xd->mi = cm->mi_grid_visible;
529 vp9_frame_init_quantizer(cpi);
531 for (i = 0; i < MAX_MB_PLANE; ++i) {
532 p[i].coeff = ctx->coeff_pbuf[i][1];
533 p[i].qcoeff = ctx->qcoeff_pbuf[i][1];
534 pd[i].dqcoeff = ctx->dqcoeff_pbuf[i][1];
535 p[i].eobs = ctx->eobs_pbuf[i][1];
539 vp9_init_mv_probs(cm);
540 vp9_initialize_rd_consts(cpi);
542 // Tiling is ignored in the first pass.
543 vp9_tile_init(&tile, cm, 0, 0);
545 for (mb_row = 0; mb_row < cm->mb_rows; ++mb_row) {
548 best_ref_mv.as_int = 0;
550 // Reset above block coeffs.
551 xd->up_available = (mb_row != 0);
552 recon_yoffset = (mb_row * recon_y_stride * 16);
553 recon_uvoffset = (mb_row * recon_uv_stride * uv_mb_height);
555 // Set up limit values for motion vectors to prevent them extending
556 // outside the UMV borders.
557 x->mv_row_min = -((mb_row * 16) + BORDER_MV_PIXELS_B16);
558 x->mv_row_max = ((cm->mb_rows - 1 - mb_row) * 16)
559 + BORDER_MV_PIXELS_B16;
561 for (mb_col = 0; mb_col < cm->mb_cols; ++mb_col) {
563 const int use_dc_pred = (mb_col || mb_row) && (!mb_col || !mb_row);
564 double error_weight = 1.0;
565 const BLOCK_SIZE bsize = get_bsize(cm, mb_row, mb_col);
567 vp9_clear_system_state();
569 xd->plane[0].dst.buf = new_yv12->y_buffer + recon_yoffset;
570 xd->plane[1].dst.buf = new_yv12->u_buffer + recon_uvoffset;
571 xd->plane[2].dst.buf = new_yv12->v_buffer + recon_uvoffset;
572 xd->left_available = (mb_col != 0);
573 xd->mi[0]->mbmi.sb_type = bsize;
574 xd->mi[0]->mbmi.ref_frame[0] = INTRA_FRAME;
575 set_mi_row_col(xd, &tile,
576 mb_row << 1, num_8x8_blocks_high_lookup[bsize],
577 mb_col << 1, num_8x8_blocks_wide_lookup[bsize],
578 cm->mi_rows, cm->mi_cols);
580 if (cpi->oxcf.aq_mode == VARIANCE_AQ) {
581 const int energy = vp9_block_energy(cpi, x, bsize);
582 error_weight = vp9_vaq_inv_q_ratio(energy);
585 // Do intra 16x16 prediction.
587 xd->mi[0]->mbmi.mode = DC_PRED;
588 xd->mi[0]->mbmi.tx_size = use_dc_pred ?
589 (bsize >= BLOCK_16X16 ? TX_16X16 : TX_8X8) : TX_4X4;
590 vp9_encode_intra_block_plane(x, bsize, 0);
591 this_error = vp9_get_mb_ss(x->plane[0].src_diff);
593 if (cpi->oxcf.aq_mode == VARIANCE_AQ) {
594 vp9_clear_system_state();
595 this_error = (int)(this_error * error_weight);
598 // Intrapenalty below deals with situations where the intra and inter
599 // error scores are very low (e.g. a plain black frame).
600 // We do not have special cases in first pass for 0,0 and nearest etc so
601 // all inter modes carry an overhead cost estimate for the mv.
602 // When the error score is very low this causes us to pick all or lots of
603 // INTRA modes and throw lots of key frames.
604 // This penalty adds a cost matching that of a 0,0 mv to the intra case.
605 this_error += intrapenalty;
607 // Accumulate the intra error.
608 intra_error += (int64_t)this_error;
610 #if CONFIG_FP_MB_STATS
611 if (cpi->use_fp_mb_stats) {
612 // TODO(pengchong): store some related block statistics here
616 // Set up limit values for motion vectors to prevent them extending
617 // outside the UMV borders.
618 x->mv_col_min = -((mb_col * 16) + BORDER_MV_PIXELS_B16);
619 x->mv_col_max = ((cm->mb_cols - 1 - mb_col) * 16) + BORDER_MV_PIXELS_B16;
621 // Other than for the first frame do a motion search.
622 if (cm->current_video_frame > 0) {
623 int tmp_err, motion_error, raw_motion_error;
625 struct buf_2d unscaled_last_source_buf_2d;
627 xd->plane[0].pre[0].buf = first_ref_buf->y_buffer + recon_yoffset;
628 motion_error = get_prediction_error(bsize, &x->plane[0].src,
629 &xd->plane[0].pre[0]);
630 // Assume 0,0 motion with no mv overhead.
631 mv.as_int = tmp_mv.as_int = 0;
633 // Compute the motion error of the 0,0 motion using the last source
634 // frame as the reference. Skip the further motion search on
635 // reconstructed frame if this error is small.
636 unscaled_last_source_buf_2d.buf =
637 cpi->unscaled_last_source->y_buffer + recon_yoffset;
638 unscaled_last_source_buf_2d.stride =
639 cpi->unscaled_last_source->y_stride;
640 raw_motion_error = get_prediction_error(bsize, &x->plane[0].src,
641 &unscaled_last_source_buf_2d);
643 // TODO(pengchong): Replace the hard-coded threshold
644 if (raw_motion_error > 25 ||
645 (cpi->use_svc && cpi->svc.number_temporal_layers == 1)) {
646 // Test last reference frame using the previous best mv as the
647 // starting point (best reference) for the search.
648 first_pass_motion_search(cpi, x, &best_ref_mv.as_mv, &mv.as_mv,
650 if (cpi->oxcf.aq_mode == VARIANCE_AQ) {
651 vp9_clear_system_state();
652 motion_error = (int)(motion_error * error_weight);
655 // If the current best reference mv is not centered on 0,0 then do a
656 // 0,0 based search as well.
657 if (best_ref_mv.as_int) {
659 first_pass_motion_search(cpi, x, &zero_mv, &tmp_mv.as_mv, &tmp_err);
660 if (cpi->oxcf.aq_mode == VARIANCE_AQ) {
661 vp9_clear_system_state();
662 tmp_err = (int)(tmp_err * error_weight);
665 if (tmp_err < motion_error) {
666 motion_error = tmp_err;
667 mv.as_int = tmp_mv.as_int;
671 // Search in an older reference frame.
672 if (cm->current_video_frame > 1 && gld_yv12 != NULL) {
673 // Assume 0,0 motion with no mv overhead.
676 xd->plane[0].pre[0].buf = gld_yv12->y_buffer + recon_yoffset;
677 gf_motion_error = get_prediction_error(bsize, &x->plane[0].src,
678 &xd->plane[0].pre[0]);
680 first_pass_motion_search(cpi, x, &zero_mv, &tmp_mv.as_mv,
682 if (cpi->oxcf.aq_mode == VARIANCE_AQ) {
683 vp9_clear_system_state();
684 gf_motion_error = (int)(gf_motion_error * error_weight);
687 if (gf_motion_error < motion_error && gf_motion_error < this_error)
690 // Reset to last frame as reference buffer.
691 xd->plane[0].pre[0].buf = first_ref_buf->y_buffer + recon_yoffset;
692 xd->plane[1].pre[0].buf = first_ref_buf->u_buffer + recon_uvoffset;
693 xd->plane[2].pre[0].buf = first_ref_buf->v_buffer + recon_uvoffset;
695 // In accumulating a score for the older reference frame take the
696 // best of the motion predicted score and the intra coded error
697 // (just as will be done for) accumulation of "coded_error" for
699 if (gf_motion_error < this_error)
700 sr_coded_error += gf_motion_error;
702 sr_coded_error += this_error;
704 sr_coded_error += motion_error;
707 sr_coded_error += motion_error;
710 // Start by assuming that intra mode is best.
711 best_ref_mv.as_int = 0;
713 if (motion_error <= this_error) {
714 // Keep a count of cases where the inter and intra were very close
715 // and very low. This helps with scene cut detection for example in
716 // cropped clips with black bars at the sides or top and bottom.
717 if (((this_error - intrapenalty) * 9 <= motion_error * 10) &&
718 this_error < 2 * intrapenalty)
723 this_error = motion_error;
724 xd->mi[0]->mbmi.mode = NEWMV;
725 xd->mi[0]->mbmi.mv[0] = mv;
726 xd->mi[0]->mbmi.tx_size = TX_4X4;
727 xd->mi[0]->mbmi.ref_frame[0] = LAST_FRAME;
728 xd->mi[0]->mbmi.ref_frame[1] = NONE;
729 vp9_build_inter_predictors_sby(xd, mb_row << 1, mb_col << 1, bsize);
730 vp9_encode_sby_pass1(x, bsize);
731 sum_mvr += mv.as_mv.row;
732 sum_mvr_abs += abs(mv.as_mv.row);
733 sum_mvc += mv.as_mv.col;
734 sum_mvc_abs += abs(mv.as_mv.col);
735 sum_mvrs += mv.as_mv.row * mv.as_mv.row;
736 sum_mvcs += mv.as_mv.col * mv.as_mv.col;
739 best_ref_mv.as_int = mv.as_int;
741 #if CONFIG_FP_MB_STATS
742 if (cpi->use_fp_mb_stats) {
743 // TODO(pengchong): save some related block statistics here
750 // Non-zero vector, was it different from the last non zero vector?
751 if (mv.as_int != lastmv_as_int)
753 lastmv_as_int = mv.as_int;
755 // Does the row vector point inwards or outwards?
756 if (mb_row < cm->mb_rows / 2) {
757 if (mv.as_mv.row > 0)
759 else if (mv.as_mv.row < 0)
761 } else if (mb_row > cm->mb_rows / 2) {
762 if (mv.as_mv.row > 0)
764 else if (mv.as_mv.row < 0)
768 // Does the col vector point inwards or outwards?
769 if (mb_col < cm->mb_cols / 2) {
770 if (mv.as_mv.col > 0)
772 else if (mv.as_mv.col < 0)
774 } else if (mb_col > cm->mb_cols / 2) {
775 if (mv.as_mv.col > 0)
777 else if (mv.as_mv.col < 0)
783 sr_coded_error += (int64_t)this_error;
785 coded_error += (int64_t)this_error;
787 // Adjust to the next column of MBs.
788 x->plane[0].src.buf += 16;
789 x->plane[1].src.buf += uv_mb_height;
790 x->plane[2].src.buf += uv_mb_height;
793 recon_uvoffset += uv_mb_height;
796 // Adjust to the next row of MBs.
797 x->plane[0].src.buf += 16 * x->plane[0].src.stride - 16 * cm->mb_cols;
798 x->plane[1].src.buf += uv_mb_height * x->plane[1].src.stride -
799 uv_mb_height * cm->mb_cols;
800 x->plane[2].src.buf += uv_mb_height * x->plane[1].src.stride -
801 uv_mb_height * cm->mb_cols;
803 vp9_clear_system_state();
806 vp9_clear_system_state();
810 fps.frame = cm->current_video_frame;
811 fps.spatial_layer_id = cpi->svc.spatial_layer_id;
812 fps.intra_error = (double)(intra_error >> 8);
813 fps.coded_error = (double)(coded_error >> 8);
814 fps.sr_coded_error = (double)(sr_coded_error >> 8);
816 fps.pcnt_inter = (double)intercount / cm->MBs;
817 fps.pcnt_second_ref = (double)second_ref_count / cm->MBs;
818 fps.pcnt_neutral = (double)neutral_count / cm->MBs;
821 fps.MVr = (double)sum_mvr / mvcount;
822 fps.mvr_abs = (double)sum_mvr_abs / mvcount;
823 fps.MVc = (double)sum_mvc / mvcount;
824 fps.mvc_abs = (double)sum_mvc_abs / mvcount;
825 fps.MVrv = ((double)sum_mvrs - (fps.MVr * fps.MVr / mvcount)) / mvcount;
826 fps.MVcv = ((double)sum_mvcs - (fps.MVc * fps.MVc / mvcount)) / mvcount;
827 fps.mv_in_out_count = (double)sum_in_vectors / (mvcount * 2);
828 fps.new_mv_count = new_mv_count;
829 fps.pcnt_motion = (double)mvcount / cm->MBs;
837 fps.mv_in_out_count = 0.0;
838 fps.new_mv_count = 0.0;
839 fps.pcnt_motion = 0.0;
842 // TODO(paulwilkins): Handle the case when duration is set to 0, or
843 // something less than the full time between subsequent values of
844 // cpi->source_time_stamp.
845 fps.duration = (double)(cpi->source->ts_end - cpi->source->ts_start);
847 // Don't want to do output stats with a stack variable!
848 twopass->this_frame_stats = fps;
849 output_stats(&twopass->this_frame_stats, cpi->output_pkt_list);
850 accumulate_stats(&twopass->total_stats, &fps);
852 #if CONFIG_FP_MB_STATS
853 if (cpi->use_fp_mb_stats) {
854 output_fpmb_stats(twopass->frame_mb_stats_buf, cm, cpi->output_pkt_list);
859 // Copy the previous Last Frame back into gf and and arf buffers if
860 // the prediction is good enough... but also don't allow it to lag too far.
861 if ((twopass->sr_update_lag > 3) ||
862 ((cm->current_video_frame > 0) &&
863 (twopass->this_frame_stats.pcnt_inter > 0.20) &&
864 ((twopass->this_frame_stats.intra_error /
865 DOUBLE_DIVIDE_CHECK(twopass->this_frame_stats.coded_error)) > 2.0))) {
866 if (gld_yv12 != NULL) {
867 vp8_yv12_copy_frame(lst_yv12, gld_yv12);
869 twopass->sr_update_lag = 1;
871 ++twopass->sr_update_lag;
874 vp9_extend_frame_borders(new_yv12);
876 if (cpi->use_svc && cpi->svc.number_temporal_layers == 1) {
877 vp9_update_reference_frames(cpi);
879 // Swap frame pointers so last frame refers to the frame we just compressed.
880 swap_yv12(lst_yv12, new_yv12);
883 // Special case for the first frame. Copy into the GF buffer as a second
885 if (cm->current_video_frame == 0 && gld_yv12 != NULL) {
886 vp8_yv12_copy_frame(lst_yv12, gld_yv12);
889 // Use this to see what the first pass reconstruction looks like.
893 snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "enc%04d.yuv",
894 (int)cm->current_video_frame);
896 if (cm->current_video_frame == 0)
897 recon_file = fopen(filename, "wb");
899 recon_file = fopen(filename, "ab");
901 (void)fwrite(lst_yv12->buffer_alloc, lst_yv12->frame_size, 1, recon_file);
905 ++cm->current_video_frame;
907 vp9_inc_frame_in_layer(&cpi->svc);
910 static double calc_correction_factor(double err_per_mb,
915 const double error_term = err_per_mb / err_divisor;
917 // Adjustment based on actual quantizer to power term.
918 const double power_term = MIN(vp9_convert_qindex_to_q(q) * 0.0125 + pt_low,
921 // Calculate correction factor.
922 if (power_term < 1.0)
923 assert(error_term >= 0.0);
925 return fclamp(pow(error_term, power_term), 0.05, 5.0);
928 static int get_twopass_worst_quality(const VP9_COMP *cpi,
929 const FIRSTPASS_STATS *stats,
930 int section_target_bandwidth) {
931 const RATE_CONTROL *const rc = &cpi->rc;
932 const VP9EncoderConfig *const oxcf = &cpi->oxcf;
934 if (section_target_bandwidth <= 0) {
935 return rc->worst_quality; // Highest value allowed
937 const int num_mbs = cpi->common.MBs;
938 const double section_err = stats->coded_error / stats->count;
939 const double err_per_mb = section_err / num_mbs;
940 const double speed_term = 1.0 + 0.04 * oxcf->speed;
941 const int target_norm_bits_per_mb = ((uint64_t)section_target_bandwidth <<
942 BPER_MB_NORMBITS) / num_mbs;
944 int is_svc_upper_layer = 0;
945 if (cpi->use_svc && cpi->svc.number_temporal_layers == 1 &&
946 cpi->svc.spatial_layer_id > 0) {
947 is_svc_upper_layer = 1;
950 // Try and pick a max Q that will be high enough to encode the
951 // content at the given rate.
952 for (q = rc->best_quality; q < rc->worst_quality; ++q) {
953 const double factor =
954 calc_correction_factor(err_per_mb, ERR_DIVISOR,
955 is_svc_upper_layer ? SVC_FACTOR_PT_LOW :
956 FACTOR_PT_LOW, FACTOR_PT_HIGH, q);
957 const int bits_per_mb = vp9_rc_bits_per_mb(INTER_FRAME, q,
958 factor * speed_term);
959 if (bits_per_mb <= target_norm_bits_per_mb)
963 // Restriction on active max q for constrained quality mode.
964 if (cpi->oxcf.rc_mode == VPX_CQ)
965 q = MAX(q, oxcf->cq_level);
970 extern void vp9_new_framerate(VP9_COMP *cpi, double framerate);
972 void vp9_init_second_pass(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
973 SVC *const svc = &cpi->svc;
974 const VP9EncoderConfig *const oxcf = &cpi->oxcf;
975 const int is_spatial_svc = (svc->number_spatial_layers > 1) &&
976 (svc->number_temporal_layers == 1);
977 TWO_PASS *const twopass = is_spatial_svc ?
978 &svc->layer_context[svc->spatial_layer_id].twopass : &cpi->twopass;
980 FIRSTPASS_STATS *stats;
982 zero_stats(&twopass->total_stats);
983 zero_stats(&twopass->total_left_stats);
985 if (!twopass->stats_in_end)
988 stats = &twopass->total_stats;
990 *stats = *twopass->stats_in_end;
991 twopass->total_left_stats = *stats;
993 frame_rate = 10000000.0 * stats->count / stats->duration;
994 // Each frame can have a different duration, as the frame rate in the source
995 // isn't guaranteed to be constant. The frame rate prior to the first frame
996 // encoded in the second pass is a guess. However, the sum duration is not.
997 // It is calculated based on the actual durations of all frames from the
1000 if (is_spatial_svc) {
1001 vp9_update_spatial_layer_framerate(cpi, frame_rate);
1002 twopass->bits_left = (int64_t)(stats->duration *
1003 svc->layer_context[svc->spatial_layer_id].target_bandwidth /
1006 vp9_new_framerate(cpi, frame_rate);
1007 twopass->bits_left = (int64_t)(stats->duration * oxcf->target_bandwidth /
1011 // Calculate a minimum intra value to be used in determining the IIratio
1012 // scores used in the second pass. We have this minimum to make sure
1013 // that clips that are static but "low complexity" in the intra domain
1014 // are still boosted appropriately for KF/GF/ARF.
1015 if (!is_spatial_svc) {
1016 // We don't know the number of MBs for each layer at this point.
1017 // So we will do it later.
1018 twopass->kf_intra_err_min = KF_MB_INTRA_MIN * cpi->common.MBs;
1019 twopass->gf_intra_err_min = GF_MB_INTRA_MIN * cpi->common.MBs;
1022 // This variable monitors how far behind the second ref update is lagging.
1023 twopass->sr_update_lag = 1;
1025 // Scan the first pass file and calculate a modified total error based upon
1026 // the bias/power function used to allocate bits.
1028 const double avg_error = stats->coded_error /
1029 DOUBLE_DIVIDE_CHECK(stats->count);
1030 const FIRSTPASS_STATS *s = twopass->stats_in;
1031 double modified_error_total = 0.0;
1032 twopass->modified_error_min = (avg_error *
1033 oxcf->two_pass_vbrmin_section) / 100;
1034 twopass->modified_error_max = (avg_error *
1035 oxcf->two_pass_vbrmax_section) / 100;
1036 while (s < twopass->stats_in_end) {
1037 modified_error_total += calculate_modified_err(twopass, oxcf, s);
1040 twopass->modified_error_left = modified_error_total;
1043 // Reset the vbr bits off target counter
1044 cpi->rc.vbr_bits_off_target = 0;
1047 // This function gives an estimate of how badly we believe the prediction
1048 // quality is decaying from frame to frame.
1049 static double get_prediction_decay_rate(const VP9_COMMON *cm,
1050 const FIRSTPASS_STATS *next_frame) {
1051 // Look at the observed drop in prediction quality between the last frame
1052 // and the GF buffer (which contains an older frame).
1053 const double mb_sr_err_diff = (next_frame->sr_coded_error -
1054 next_frame->coded_error) / cm->MBs;
1055 const double second_ref_decay = mb_sr_err_diff <= 512.0
1056 ? fclamp(pow(1.0 - (mb_sr_err_diff / 512.0), 0.5), 0.85, 1.0)
1059 return MIN(second_ref_decay, next_frame->pcnt_inter);
1062 // Function to test for a condition where a complex transition is followed
1063 // by a static section. For example in slide shows where there is a fade
1064 // between slides. This is to help with more optimal kf and gf positioning.
1065 static int detect_transition_to_still(TWO_PASS *twopass,
1066 int frame_interval, int still_interval,
1067 double loop_decay_rate,
1068 double last_decay_rate) {
1069 int trans_to_still = 0;
1071 // Break clause to detect very still sections after motion
1072 // For example a static image after a fade or other transition
1073 // instead of a clean scene cut.
1074 if (frame_interval > MIN_GF_INTERVAL &&
1075 loop_decay_rate >= 0.999 &&
1076 last_decay_rate < 0.9) {
1078 const FIRSTPASS_STATS *position = twopass->stats_in;
1079 FIRSTPASS_STATS tmp_next_frame;
1081 // Look ahead a few frames to see if static condition persists...
1082 for (j = 0; j < still_interval; ++j) {
1083 if (EOF == input_stats(twopass, &tmp_next_frame))
1086 if (tmp_next_frame.pcnt_inter - tmp_next_frame.pcnt_motion < 0.999)
1090 reset_fpf_position(twopass, position);
1092 // Only if it does do we signal a transition to still.
1093 if (j == still_interval)
1097 return trans_to_still;
1100 // This function detects a flash through the high relative pcnt_second_ref
1101 // score in the frame following a flash frame. The offset passed in should
1103 static int detect_flash(const TWO_PASS *twopass, int offset) {
1104 const FIRSTPASS_STATS *const next_frame = read_frame_stats(twopass, offset);
1106 // What we are looking for here is a situation where there is a
1107 // brief break in prediction (such as a flash) but subsequent frames
1108 // are reasonably well predicted by an earlier (pre flash) frame.
1109 // The recovery after a flash is indicated by a high pcnt_second_ref
1110 // compared to pcnt_inter.
1111 return next_frame != NULL &&
1112 next_frame->pcnt_second_ref > next_frame->pcnt_inter &&
1113 next_frame->pcnt_second_ref >= 0.5;
1116 // Update the motion related elements to the GF arf boost calculation.
1117 static void accumulate_frame_motion_stats(const FIRSTPASS_STATS *stats,
1119 double *mv_in_out_accumulator,
1120 double *abs_mv_in_out_accumulator,
1121 double *mv_ratio_accumulator) {
1122 const double pct = stats->pcnt_motion;
1124 // Accumulate Motion In/Out of frame stats.
1125 *mv_in_out = stats->mv_in_out_count * pct;
1126 *mv_in_out_accumulator += *mv_in_out;
1127 *abs_mv_in_out_accumulator += fabs(*mv_in_out);
1129 // Accumulate a measure of how uniform (or conversely how random) the motion
1130 // field is (a ratio of abs(mv) / mv).
1132 const double mvr_ratio = fabs(stats->mvr_abs) /
1133 DOUBLE_DIVIDE_CHECK(fabs(stats->MVr));
1134 const double mvc_ratio = fabs(stats->mvc_abs) /
1135 DOUBLE_DIVIDE_CHECK(fabs(stats->MVc));
1137 *mv_ratio_accumulator += pct * (mvr_ratio < stats->mvr_abs ?
1138 mvr_ratio : stats->mvr_abs);
1139 *mv_ratio_accumulator += pct * (mvc_ratio < stats->mvc_abs ?
1140 mvc_ratio : stats->mvc_abs);
1144 // Calculate a baseline boost number for the current frame.
1145 static double calc_frame_boost(const TWO_PASS *twopass,
1146 const FIRSTPASS_STATS *this_frame,
1147 double this_frame_mv_in_out) {
1150 // Underlying boost factor is based on inter intra error ratio.
1151 if (this_frame->intra_error > twopass->gf_intra_err_min)
1152 frame_boost = (IIFACTOR * this_frame->intra_error /
1153 DOUBLE_DIVIDE_CHECK(this_frame->coded_error));
1155 frame_boost = (IIFACTOR * twopass->gf_intra_err_min /
1156 DOUBLE_DIVIDE_CHECK(this_frame->coded_error));
1158 // Increase boost for frames where new data coming into frame (e.g. zoom out).
1159 // Slightly reduce boost if there is a net balance of motion out of the frame
1160 // (zoom in). The range for this_frame_mv_in_out is -1.0 to +1.0.
1161 if (this_frame_mv_in_out > 0.0)
1162 frame_boost += frame_boost * (this_frame_mv_in_out * 2.0);
1163 // In the extreme case the boost is halved.
1165 frame_boost += frame_boost * (this_frame_mv_in_out / 2.0);
1167 return MIN(frame_boost, GF_RMAX);
1170 static int calc_arf_boost(VP9_COMP *cpi, int offset,
1171 int f_frames, int b_frames,
1172 int *f_boost, int *b_boost) {
1173 TWO_PASS *const twopass = &cpi->twopass;
1175 double boost_score = 0.0;
1176 double mv_ratio_accumulator = 0.0;
1177 double decay_accumulator = 1.0;
1178 double this_frame_mv_in_out = 0.0;
1179 double mv_in_out_accumulator = 0.0;
1180 double abs_mv_in_out_accumulator = 0.0;
1182 int flash_detected = 0;
1184 // Search forward from the proposed arf/next gf position.
1185 for (i = 0; i < f_frames; ++i) {
1186 const FIRSTPASS_STATS *this_frame = read_frame_stats(twopass, i + offset);
1187 if (this_frame == NULL)
1190 // Update the motion related elements to the boost calculation.
1191 accumulate_frame_motion_stats(this_frame,
1192 &this_frame_mv_in_out, &mv_in_out_accumulator,
1193 &abs_mv_in_out_accumulator,
1194 &mv_ratio_accumulator);
1196 // We want to discount the flash frame itself and the recovery
1197 // frame that follows as both will have poor scores.
1198 flash_detected = detect_flash(twopass, i + offset) ||
1199 detect_flash(twopass, i + offset + 1);
1201 // Accumulate the effect of prediction quality decay.
1202 if (!flash_detected) {
1203 decay_accumulator *= get_prediction_decay_rate(&cpi->common, this_frame);
1204 decay_accumulator = decay_accumulator < MIN_DECAY_FACTOR
1205 ? MIN_DECAY_FACTOR : decay_accumulator;
1208 boost_score += decay_accumulator * calc_frame_boost(twopass, this_frame,
1209 this_frame_mv_in_out);
1212 *f_boost = (int)boost_score;
1214 // Reset for backward looking loop.
1216 mv_ratio_accumulator = 0.0;
1217 decay_accumulator = 1.0;
1218 this_frame_mv_in_out = 0.0;
1219 mv_in_out_accumulator = 0.0;
1220 abs_mv_in_out_accumulator = 0.0;
1222 // Search backward towards last gf position.
1223 for (i = -1; i >= -b_frames; --i) {
1224 const FIRSTPASS_STATS *this_frame = read_frame_stats(twopass, i + offset);
1225 if (this_frame == NULL)
1228 // Update the motion related elements to the boost calculation.
1229 accumulate_frame_motion_stats(this_frame,
1230 &this_frame_mv_in_out, &mv_in_out_accumulator,
1231 &abs_mv_in_out_accumulator,
1232 &mv_ratio_accumulator);
1234 // We want to discount the the flash frame itself and the recovery
1235 // frame that follows as both will have poor scores.
1236 flash_detected = detect_flash(twopass, i + offset) ||
1237 detect_flash(twopass, i + offset + 1);
1239 // Cumulative effect of prediction quality decay.
1240 if (!flash_detected) {
1241 decay_accumulator *= get_prediction_decay_rate(&cpi->common, this_frame);
1242 decay_accumulator = decay_accumulator < MIN_DECAY_FACTOR
1243 ? MIN_DECAY_FACTOR : decay_accumulator;
1246 boost_score += decay_accumulator * calc_frame_boost(twopass, this_frame,
1247 this_frame_mv_in_out);
1249 *b_boost = (int)boost_score;
1251 arf_boost = (*f_boost + *b_boost);
1252 if (arf_boost < ((b_frames + f_frames) * 20))
1253 arf_boost = ((b_frames + f_frames) * 20);
1258 // Calculate a section intra ratio used in setting max loop filter.
1259 static int calculate_section_intra_ratio(const FIRSTPASS_STATS *begin,
1260 const FIRSTPASS_STATS *end,
1261 int section_length) {
1262 const FIRSTPASS_STATS *s = begin;
1263 double intra_error = 0.0;
1264 double coded_error = 0.0;
1267 while (s < end && i < section_length) {
1268 intra_error += s->intra_error;
1269 coded_error += s->coded_error;
1274 return (int)(intra_error / DOUBLE_DIVIDE_CHECK(coded_error));
1277 // Calculate the total bits to allocate in this GF/ARF group.
1278 static int64_t calculate_total_gf_group_bits(VP9_COMP *cpi,
1279 double gf_group_err) {
1280 const RATE_CONTROL *const rc = &cpi->rc;
1281 const TWO_PASS *const twopass = &cpi->twopass;
1282 const int max_bits = frame_max_bits(rc, &cpi->oxcf);
1283 int64_t total_group_bits;
1285 // Calculate the bits to be allocated to the group as a whole.
1286 if ((twopass->kf_group_bits > 0) && (twopass->kf_group_error_left > 0)) {
1287 total_group_bits = (int64_t)(twopass->kf_group_bits *
1288 (gf_group_err / twopass->kf_group_error_left));
1290 total_group_bits = 0;
1293 // Clamp odd edge cases.
1294 total_group_bits = (total_group_bits < 0) ?
1295 0 : (total_group_bits > twopass->kf_group_bits) ?
1296 twopass->kf_group_bits : total_group_bits;
1298 // Clip based on user supplied data rate variability limit.
1299 if (total_group_bits > (int64_t)max_bits * rc->baseline_gf_interval)
1300 total_group_bits = (int64_t)max_bits * rc->baseline_gf_interval;
1302 return total_group_bits;
1305 // Calculate the number bits extra to assign to boosted frames in a group.
1306 static int calculate_boost_bits(int frame_count,
1307 int boost, int64_t total_group_bits) {
1308 int allocation_chunks;
1310 // return 0 for invalid inputs (could arise e.g. through rounding errors)
1311 if (!boost || (total_group_bits <= 0) || (frame_count <= 0) )
1314 allocation_chunks = (frame_count * 100) + boost;
1316 // Prevent overflow.
1318 int divisor = boost >> 10;
1320 allocation_chunks /= divisor;
1323 // Calculate the number of extra bits for use in the boosted frame or frames.
1324 return MAX((int)(((int64_t)boost * total_group_bits) / allocation_chunks), 0);
1327 // Current limit on maximum number of active arfs in a GF/ARF group.
1328 #define MAX_ACTIVE_ARFS 2
1331 // This function indirects the choice of buffers for arfs.
1332 // At the moment the values are fixed but this may change as part of
1333 // the integration process with other codec features that swap buffers around.
1334 static void get_arf_buffer_indices(unsigned char *arf_buffer_indices) {
1335 arf_buffer_indices[0] = ARF_SLOT1;
1336 arf_buffer_indices[1] = ARF_SLOT2;
1339 static void allocate_gf_group_bits(VP9_COMP *cpi, int64_t gf_group_bits,
1340 double group_error, int gf_arf_bits) {
1341 RATE_CONTROL *const rc = &cpi->rc;
1342 const VP9EncoderConfig *const oxcf = &cpi->oxcf;
1343 TWO_PASS *twopass = &cpi->twopass;
1344 FIRSTPASS_STATS frame_stats;
1346 int frame_index = 1;
1347 int target_frame_size;
1349 const int max_bits = frame_max_bits(&cpi->rc, &cpi->oxcf);
1350 int64_t total_group_bits = gf_group_bits;
1351 double modified_err = 0.0;
1352 double err_fraction;
1353 int mid_boost_bits = 0;
1355 unsigned char arf_buffer_indices[MAX_ACTIVE_ARFS];
1357 key_frame = cpi->common.frame_type == KEY_FRAME ||
1358 vp9_is_upper_layer_key_frame(cpi);
1360 get_arf_buffer_indices(arf_buffer_indices);
1362 // For key frames the frame target rate is already set and it
1363 // is also the golden frame.
1365 if (rc->source_alt_ref_active) {
1366 twopass->gf_group.update_type[0] = OVERLAY_UPDATE;
1367 twopass->gf_group.rf_level[0] = INTER_NORMAL;
1368 twopass->gf_group.bit_allocation[0] = 0;
1369 twopass->gf_group.arf_update_idx[0] = arf_buffer_indices[0];
1370 twopass->gf_group.arf_ref_idx[0] = arf_buffer_indices[0];
1372 twopass->gf_group.update_type[0] = GF_UPDATE;
1373 twopass->gf_group.rf_level[0] = GF_ARF_STD;
1374 twopass->gf_group.bit_allocation[0] = gf_arf_bits;
1375 twopass->gf_group.arf_update_idx[0] = arf_buffer_indices[0];
1376 twopass->gf_group.arf_ref_idx[0] = arf_buffer_indices[0];
1379 // Step over the golden frame / overlay frame
1380 if (EOF == input_stats(twopass, &frame_stats))
1384 // Deduct the boost bits for arf (or gf if it is not a key frame)
1385 // from the group total.
1386 if (rc->source_alt_ref_pending || !key_frame)
1387 total_group_bits -= gf_arf_bits;
1389 // Store the bits to spend on the ARF if there is one.
1390 if (rc->source_alt_ref_pending) {
1391 twopass->gf_group.update_type[frame_index] = ARF_UPDATE;
1392 twopass->gf_group.rf_level[frame_index] = GF_ARF_STD;
1393 twopass->gf_group.bit_allocation[frame_index] = gf_arf_bits;
1394 twopass->gf_group.arf_src_offset[frame_index] =
1395 (unsigned char)(rc->baseline_gf_interval - 1);
1396 twopass->gf_group.arf_update_idx[frame_index] = arf_buffer_indices[0];
1397 twopass->gf_group.arf_ref_idx[frame_index] =
1398 arf_buffer_indices[cpi->multi_arf_last_grp_enabled &&
1399 rc->source_alt_ref_active];
1402 if (cpi->multi_arf_enabled) {
1403 // Set aside a slot for a level 1 arf.
1404 twopass->gf_group.update_type[frame_index] = ARF_UPDATE;
1405 twopass->gf_group.rf_level[frame_index] = GF_ARF_LOW;
1406 twopass->gf_group.arf_src_offset[frame_index] =
1407 (unsigned char)((rc->baseline_gf_interval >> 1) - 1);
1408 twopass->gf_group.arf_update_idx[frame_index] = arf_buffer_indices[1];
1409 twopass->gf_group.arf_ref_idx[frame_index] = arf_buffer_indices[0];
1414 // Define middle frame
1415 mid_frame_idx = frame_index + (rc->baseline_gf_interval >> 1) - 1;
1417 // Allocate bits to the other frames in the group.
1418 for (i = 0; i < rc->baseline_gf_interval - 1; ++i) {
1420 if (EOF == input_stats(twopass, &frame_stats))
1423 modified_err = calculate_modified_err(twopass, oxcf, &frame_stats);
1425 if (group_error > 0)
1426 err_fraction = modified_err / DOUBLE_DIVIDE_CHECK(group_error);
1430 target_frame_size = (int)((double)total_group_bits * err_fraction);
1432 if (rc->source_alt_ref_pending && cpi->multi_arf_enabled) {
1433 mid_boost_bits += (target_frame_size >> 4);
1434 target_frame_size -= (target_frame_size >> 4);
1436 if (frame_index <= mid_frame_idx)
1439 twopass->gf_group.arf_update_idx[frame_index] = arf_buffer_indices[arf_idx];
1440 twopass->gf_group.arf_ref_idx[frame_index] = arf_buffer_indices[arf_idx];
1442 target_frame_size = clamp(target_frame_size, 0,
1443 MIN(max_bits, (int)total_group_bits));
1445 twopass->gf_group.update_type[frame_index] = LF_UPDATE;
1446 twopass->gf_group.rf_level[frame_index] = INTER_NORMAL;
1448 twopass->gf_group.bit_allocation[frame_index] = target_frame_size;
1453 // We need to configure the frame at the end of the sequence + 1 that will be
1454 // the start frame for the next group. Otherwise prior to the call to
1455 // vp9_rc_get_second_pass_params() the data will be undefined.
1456 twopass->gf_group.arf_update_idx[frame_index] = arf_buffer_indices[0];
1457 twopass->gf_group.arf_ref_idx[frame_index] = arf_buffer_indices[0];
1459 if (rc->source_alt_ref_pending) {
1460 twopass->gf_group.update_type[frame_index] = OVERLAY_UPDATE;
1461 twopass->gf_group.rf_level[frame_index] = INTER_NORMAL;
1463 // Final setup for second arf and its overlay.
1464 if (cpi->multi_arf_enabled) {
1465 twopass->gf_group.bit_allocation[2] =
1466 twopass->gf_group.bit_allocation[mid_frame_idx] + mid_boost_bits;
1467 twopass->gf_group.update_type[mid_frame_idx] = OVERLAY_UPDATE;
1468 twopass->gf_group.bit_allocation[mid_frame_idx] = 0;
1471 twopass->gf_group.update_type[frame_index] = GF_UPDATE;
1472 twopass->gf_group.rf_level[frame_index] = GF_ARF_STD;
1475 // Note whether multi-arf was enabled this group for next time.
1476 cpi->multi_arf_last_grp_enabled = cpi->multi_arf_enabled;
1479 // Analyse and define a gf/arf group.
1480 static void define_gf_group(VP9_COMP *cpi, FIRSTPASS_STATS *this_frame) {
1481 RATE_CONTROL *const rc = &cpi->rc;
1482 const VP9EncoderConfig *const oxcf = &cpi->oxcf;
1483 TWO_PASS *const twopass = &cpi->twopass;
1484 FIRSTPASS_STATS next_frame;
1485 const FIRSTPASS_STATS *const start_pos = twopass->stats_in;
1488 double boost_score = 0.0;
1489 double old_boost_score = 0.0;
1490 double gf_group_err = 0.0;
1491 double gf_first_frame_err = 0.0;
1492 double mod_frame_err = 0.0;
1494 double mv_ratio_accumulator = 0.0;
1495 double decay_accumulator = 1.0;
1496 double zero_motion_accumulator = 1.0;
1498 double loop_decay_rate = 1.00;
1499 double last_loop_decay_rate = 1.00;
1501 double this_frame_mv_in_out = 0.0;
1502 double mv_in_out_accumulator = 0.0;
1503 double abs_mv_in_out_accumulator = 0.0;
1504 double mv_ratio_accumulator_thresh;
1505 unsigned int allow_alt_ref = is_altref_enabled(cpi);
1510 int active_max_gf_interval;
1511 int64_t gf_group_bits;
1512 double gf_group_error_left;
1515 // Reset the GF group data structures unless this is a key
1516 // frame in which case it will already have been done.
1517 if (cpi->common.frame_type != KEY_FRAME) {
1518 vp9_zero(twopass->gf_group);
1521 vp9_clear_system_state();
1522 vp9_zero(next_frame);
1526 // Load stats for the current frame.
1527 mod_frame_err = calculate_modified_err(twopass, oxcf, this_frame);
1529 // Note the error of the frame at the start of the group. This will be
1530 // the GF frame error if we code a normal gf.
1531 gf_first_frame_err = mod_frame_err;
1533 // If this is a key frame or the overlay from a previous arf then
1534 // the error score / cost of this frame has already been accounted for.
1535 if (cpi->common.frame_type == KEY_FRAME || rc->source_alt_ref_active)
1536 gf_group_err -= gf_first_frame_err;
1538 // Motion breakout threshold for loop below depends on image size.
1539 mv_ratio_accumulator_thresh = (cpi->common.width + cpi->common.height) / 10.0;
1541 // Work out a maximum interval for the GF group.
1542 // If the image appears almost completely static we can extend beyond this.
1543 if (cpi->multi_arf_allowed) {
1544 active_max_gf_interval = rc->max_gf_interval;
1546 // The value chosen depends on the active Q range. At low Q we have
1547 // bits to spare and are better with a smaller interval and smaller boost.
1548 // At high Q when there are few bits to spare we are better with a longer
1549 // interval to spread the cost of the GF.
1550 active_max_gf_interval =
1551 12 + ((int)vp9_convert_qindex_to_q(rc->last_q[INTER_FRAME]) >> 5);
1553 if (active_max_gf_interval > rc->max_gf_interval)
1554 active_max_gf_interval = rc->max_gf_interval;
1558 while (i < rc->static_scene_max_gf_interval && i < rc->frames_to_key) {
1561 // Accumulate error score of frames in this gf group.
1562 mod_frame_err = calculate_modified_err(twopass, oxcf, this_frame);
1563 gf_group_err += mod_frame_err;
1565 if (EOF == input_stats(twopass, &next_frame))
1568 // Test for the case where there is a brief flash but the prediction
1569 // quality back to an earlier frame is then restored.
1570 flash_detected = detect_flash(twopass, 0);
1572 // Update the motion related elements to the boost calculation.
1573 accumulate_frame_motion_stats(&next_frame,
1574 &this_frame_mv_in_out, &mv_in_out_accumulator,
1575 &abs_mv_in_out_accumulator,
1576 &mv_ratio_accumulator);
1578 // Accumulate the effect of prediction quality decay.
1579 if (!flash_detected) {
1580 last_loop_decay_rate = loop_decay_rate;
1581 loop_decay_rate = get_prediction_decay_rate(&cpi->common, &next_frame);
1582 decay_accumulator = decay_accumulator * loop_decay_rate;
1584 // Monitor for static sections.
1585 if ((next_frame.pcnt_inter - next_frame.pcnt_motion) <
1586 zero_motion_accumulator) {
1587 zero_motion_accumulator = next_frame.pcnt_inter -
1588 next_frame.pcnt_motion;
1591 // Break clause to detect very still sections after motion. For example,
1592 // a static image after a fade or other transition.
1593 if (detect_transition_to_still(twopass, i, 5, loop_decay_rate,
1594 last_loop_decay_rate)) {
1600 // Calculate a boost number for this frame.
1601 boost_score += decay_accumulator * calc_frame_boost(twopass, &next_frame,
1602 this_frame_mv_in_out);
1604 // Break out conditions.
1606 // Break at active_max_gf_interval unless almost totally static.
1607 (i >= active_max_gf_interval && (zero_motion_accumulator < 0.995)) ||
1609 // Don't break out with a very short interval.
1610 (i > MIN_GF_INTERVAL) &&
1611 ((boost_score > 125.0) || (next_frame.pcnt_inter < 0.75)) &&
1612 (!flash_detected) &&
1613 ((mv_ratio_accumulator > mv_ratio_accumulator_thresh) ||
1614 (abs_mv_in_out_accumulator > 3.0) ||
1615 (mv_in_out_accumulator < -2.0) ||
1616 ((boost_score - old_boost_score) < IIFACTOR)))) {
1617 boost_score = old_boost_score;
1621 *this_frame = next_frame;
1623 old_boost_score = boost_score;
1626 twopass->gf_zeromotion_pct = (int)(zero_motion_accumulator * 1000.0);
1628 // Don't allow a gf too near the next kf.
1629 if ((rc->frames_to_key - i) < MIN_GF_INTERVAL) {
1630 while (i < (rc->frames_to_key + !rc->next_key_frame_forced)) {
1633 if (EOF == input_stats(twopass, this_frame))
1636 if (i < rc->frames_to_key) {
1637 mod_frame_err = calculate_modified_err(twopass, oxcf, this_frame);
1638 gf_group_err += mod_frame_err;
1643 // Set the interval until the next gf.
1644 if (cpi->common.frame_type == KEY_FRAME || rc->source_alt_ref_active)
1645 rc->baseline_gf_interval = i - 1;
1647 rc->baseline_gf_interval = i;
1649 rc->frames_till_gf_update_due = rc->baseline_gf_interval;
1651 // Should we use the alternate reference frame.
1652 if (allow_alt_ref &&
1653 (i < cpi->oxcf.lag_in_frames) &&
1654 (i >= MIN_GF_INTERVAL) &&
1655 // For real scene cuts (not forced kfs) don't allow arf very near kf.
1656 (rc->next_key_frame_forced ||
1657 (i <= (rc->frames_to_key - MIN_GF_INTERVAL)))) {
1658 // Calculate the boost for alt ref.
1659 rc->gfu_boost = calc_arf_boost(cpi, 0, (i - 1), (i - 1), &f_boost,
1661 rc->source_alt_ref_pending = 1;
1663 // Test to see if multi arf is appropriate.
1664 cpi->multi_arf_enabled =
1665 (cpi->multi_arf_allowed && (rc->baseline_gf_interval >= 6) &&
1666 (zero_motion_accumulator < 0.995)) ? 1 : 0;
1668 rc->gfu_boost = (int)boost_score;
1669 rc->source_alt_ref_pending = 0;
1672 // Reset the file position.
1673 reset_fpf_position(twopass, start_pos);
1675 // Calculate the bits to be allocated to the gf/arf group as a whole
1676 gf_group_bits = calculate_total_gf_group_bits(cpi, gf_group_err);
1678 // Calculate the extra bits to be used for boosted frame(s)
1680 int q = rc->last_q[INTER_FRAME];
1681 int boost = (rc->gfu_boost * gfboost_qadjust(q)) / 100;
1683 // Set max and minimum boost and hence minimum allocation.
1684 boost = clamp(boost, 125, (rc->baseline_gf_interval + 1) * 200);
1686 // Calculate the extra bits to be used for boosted frame(s)
1687 gf_arf_bits = calculate_boost_bits(rc->baseline_gf_interval,
1688 boost, gf_group_bits);
1691 // Adjust KF group bits and error remaining.
1692 twopass->kf_group_error_left -= (int64_t)gf_group_err;
1694 // If this is an arf update we want to remove the score for the overlay
1695 // frame at the end which will usually be very cheap to code.
1696 // The overlay frame has already, in effect, been coded so we want to spread
1697 // the remaining bits among the other frames.
1698 // For normal GFs remove the score for the GF itself unless this is
1699 // also a key frame in which case it has already been accounted for.
1700 if (rc->source_alt_ref_pending) {
1701 gf_group_error_left = gf_group_err - mod_frame_err;
1702 } else if (cpi->common.frame_type != KEY_FRAME) {
1703 gf_group_error_left = gf_group_err - gf_first_frame_err;
1705 gf_group_error_left = gf_group_err;
1708 // Allocate bits to each of the frames in the GF group.
1709 allocate_gf_group_bits(cpi, gf_group_bits, gf_group_error_left, gf_arf_bits);
1711 // Reset the file position.
1712 reset_fpf_position(twopass, start_pos);
1714 // Calculate a section intra ratio used in setting max loop filter.
1715 if (cpi->common.frame_type != KEY_FRAME) {
1716 twopass->section_intra_rating =
1717 calculate_section_intra_ratio(start_pos, twopass->stats_in_end,
1718 rc->baseline_gf_interval);
1722 static int test_candidate_kf(TWO_PASS *twopass,
1723 const FIRSTPASS_STATS *last_frame,
1724 const FIRSTPASS_STATS *this_frame,
1725 const FIRSTPASS_STATS *next_frame) {
1726 int is_viable_kf = 0;
1728 // Does the frame satisfy the primary criteria of a key frame?
1729 // If so, then examine how well it predicts subsequent frames.
1730 if ((this_frame->pcnt_second_ref < 0.10) &&
1731 (next_frame->pcnt_second_ref < 0.10) &&
1732 ((this_frame->pcnt_inter < 0.05) ||
1733 (((this_frame->pcnt_inter - this_frame->pcnt_neutral) < 0.35) &&
1734 ((this_frame->intra_error /
1735 DOUBLE_DIVIDE_CHECK(this_frame->coded_error)) < 2.5) &&
1736 ((fabs(last_frame->coded_error - this_frame->coded_error) /
1737 DOUBLE_DIVIDE_CHECK(this_frame->coded_error) > 0.40) ||
1738 (fabs(last_frame->intra_error - this_frame->intra_error) /
1739 DOUBLE_DIVIDE_CHECK(this_frame->intra_error) > 0.40) ||
1740 ((next_frame->intra_error /
1741 DOUBLE_DIVIDE_CHECK(next_frame->coded_error)) > 3.5))))) {
1743 const FIRSTPASS_STATS *start_pos = twopass->stats_in;
1744 FIRSTPASS_STATS local_next_frame = *next_frame;
1745 double boost_score = 0.0;
1746 double old_boost_score = 0.0;
1747 double decay_accumulator = 1.0;
1749 // Examine how well the key frame predicts subsequent frames.
1750 for (i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
1751 double next_iiratio = (IIKFACTOR1 * local_next_frame.intra_error /
1752 DOUBLE_DIVIDE_CHECK(local_next_frame.coded_error));
1754 if (next_iiratio > RMAX)
1755 next_iiratio = RMAX;
1757 // Cumulative effect of decay in prediction quality.
1758 if (local_next_frame.pcnt_inter > 0.85)
1759 decay_accumulator *= local_next_frame.pcnt_inter;
1761 decay_accumulator *= (0.85 + local_next_frame.pcnt_inter) / 2.0;
1763 // Keep a running total.
1764 boost_score += (decay_accumulator * next_iiratio);
1766 // Test various breakout clauses.
1767 if ((local_next_frame.pcnt_inter < 0.05) ||
1768 (next_iiratio < 1.5) ||
1769 (((local_next_frame.pcnt_inter -
1770 local_next_frame.pcnt_neutral) < 0.20) &&
1771 (next_iiratio < 3.0)) ||
1772 ((boost_score - old_boost_score) < 3.0) ||
1773 (local_next_frame.intra_error < 200)) {
1777 old_boost_score = boost_score;
1779 // Get the next frame details
1780 if (EOF == input_stats(twopass, &local_next_frame))
1784 // If there is tolerable prediction for at least the next 3 frames then
1785 // break out else discard this potential key frame and move on
1786 if (boost_score > 30.0 && (i > 3)) {
1789 // Reset the file position
1790 reset_fpf_position(twopass, start_pos);
1796 return is_viable_kf;
1799 static void find_next_key_frame(VP9_COMP *cpi, FIRSTPASS_STATS *this_frame) {
1801 RATE_CONTROL *const rc = &cpi->rc;
1802 TWO_PASS *const twopass = &cpi->twopass;
1803 const VP9EncoderConfig *const oxcf = &cpi->oxcf;
1804 const FIRSTPASS_STATS first_frame = *this_frame;
1805 const FIRSTPASS_STATS *const start_position = twopass->stats_in;
1806 FIRSTPASS_STATS next_frame;
1807 FIRSTPASS_STATS last_frame;
1809 double decay_accumulator = 1.0;
1810 double zero_motion_accumulator = 1.0;
1811 double boost_score = 0.0;
1812 double kf_mod_err = 0.0;
1813 double kf_group_err = 0.0;
1814 double recent_loop_decay[8] = {1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0};
1816 vp9_zero(next_frame);
1818 cpi->common.frame_type = KEY_FRAME;
1820 // Reset the GF group data structures.
1821 vp9_zero(twopass->gf_group);
1823 // Is this a forced key frame by interval.
1824 rc->this_key_frame_forced = rc->next_key_frame_forced;
1826 // Clear the alt ref active flag and last group multi arf flags as they
1827 // can never be set for a key frame.
1828 rc->source_alt_ref_active = 0;
1829 cpi->multi_arf_last_grp_enabled = 0;
1831 // KF is always a GF so clear frames till next gf counter.
1832 rc->frames_till_gf_update_due = 0;
1834 rc->frames_to_key = 1;
1836 twopass->kf_group_bits = 0; // Total bits available to kf group
1837 twopass->kf_group_error_left = 0; // Group modified error score.
1839 kf_mod_err = calculate_modified_err(twopass, oxcf, this_frame);
1841 // Find the next keyframe.
1843 while (twopass->stats_in < twopass->stats_in_end &&
1844 rc->frames_to_key < cpi->oxcf.key_freq) {
1845 // Accumulate kf group error.
1846 kf_group_err += calculate_modified_err(twopass, oxcf, this_frame);
1848 // Load the next frame's stats.
1849 last_frame = *this_frame;
1850 input_stats(twopass, this_frame);
1852 // Provided that we are not at the end of the file...
1853 if (cpi->oxcf.auto_key &&
1854 lookup_next_frame_stats(twopass, &next_frame) != EOF) {
1855 double loop_decay_rate;
1857 // Check for a scene cut.
1858 if (test_candidate_kf(twopass, &last_frame, this_frame, &next_frame))
1861 // How fast is the prediction quality decaying?
1862 loop_decay_rate = get_prediction_decay_rate(&cpi->common, &next_frame);
1864 // We want to know something about the recent past... rather than
1865 // as used elsewhere where we are concerned with decay in prediction
1866 // quality since the last GF or KF.
1867 recent_loop_decay[i % 8] = loop_decay_rate;
1868 decay_accumulator = 1.0;
1869 for (j = 0; j < 8; ++j)
1870 decay_accumulator *= recent_loop_decay[j];
1872 // Special check for transition or high motion followed by a
1874 if (detect_transition_to_still(twopass, i, cpi->oxcf.key_freq - i,
1875 loop_decay_rate, decay_accumulator))
1878 // Step on to the next frame.
1879 ++rc->frames_to_key;
1881 // If we don't have a real key frame within the next two
1882 // key_freq intervals then break out of the loop.
1883 if (rc->frames_to_key >= 2 * cpi->oxcf.key_freq)
1886 ++rc->frames_to_key;
1891 // If there is a max kf interval set by the user we must obey it.
1892 // We already breakout of the loop above at 2x max.
1893 // This code centers the extra kf if the actual natural interval
1894 // is between 1x and 2x.
1895 if (cpi->oxcf.auto_key &&
1896 rc->frames_to_key > cpi->oxcf.key_freq) {
1897 FIRSTPASS_STATS tmp_frame = first_frame;
1899 rc->frames_to_key /= 2;
1901 // Reset to the start of the group.
1902 reset_fpf_position(twopass, start_position);
1906 // Rescan to get the correct error data for the forced kf group.
1907 for (i = 0; i < rc->frames_to_key; ++i) {
1908 kf_group_err += calculate_modified_err(twopass, oxcf, &tmp_frame);
1909 input_stats(twopass, &tmp_frame);
1911 rc->next_key_frame_forced = 1;
1912 } else if (twopass->stats_in == twopass->stats_in_end ||
1913 rc->frames_to_key >= cpi->oxcf.key_freq) {
1914 rc->next_key_frame_forced = 1;
1916 rc->next_key_frame_forced = 0;
1919 // Special case for the last key frame of the file.
1920 if (twopass->stats_in >= twopass->stats_in_end) {
1921 // Accumulate kf group error.
1922 kf_group_err += calculate_modified_err(twopass, oxcf, this_frame);
1925 // Calculate the number of bits that should be assigned to the kf group.
1926 if (twopass->bits_left > 0 && twopass->modified_error_left > 0.0) {
1927 // Maximum number of bits for a single normal frame (not key frame).
1928 const int max_bits = frame_max_bits(rc, &cpi->oxcf);
1930 // Maximum number of bits allocated to the key frame group.
1931 int64_t max_grp_bits;
1933 // Default allocation based on bits left and relative
1934 // complexity of the section.
1935 twopass->kf_group_bits = (int64_t)(twopass->bits_left *
1936 (kf_group_err / twopass->modified_error_left));
1938 // Clip based on maximum per frame rate defined by the user.
1939 max_grp_bits = (int64_t)max_bits * (int64_t)rc->frames_to_key;
1940 if (twopass->kf_group_bits > max_grp_bits)
1941 twopass->kf_group_bits = max_grp_bits;
1943 twopass->kf_group_bits = 0;
1945 twopass->kf_group_bits = MAX(0, twopass->kf_group_bits);
1947 // Reset the first pass file position.
1948 reset_fpf_position(twopass, start_position);
1950 // Scan through the kf group collating various stats used to deteermine
1951 // how many bits to spend on it.
1952 decay_accumulator = 1.0;
1954 for (i = 0; i < rc->frames_to_key; ++i) {
1955 if (EOF == input_stats(twopass, &next_frame))
1958 // Monitor for static sections.
1959 if ((next_frame.pcnt_inter - next_frame.pcnt_motion) <
1960 zero_motion_accumulator) {
1961 zero_motion_accumulator = (next_frame.pcnt_inter -
1962 next_frame.pcnt_motion);
1965 // For the first few frames collect data to decide kf boost.
1966 if (i <= (rc->max_gf_interval * 2)) {
1968 if (next_frame.intra_error > twopass->kf_intra_err_min)
1969 r = (IIKFACTOR2 * next_frame.intra_error /
1970 DOUBLE_DIVIDE_CHECK(next_frame.coded_error));
1972 r = (IIKFACTOR2 * twopass->kf_intra_err_min /
1973 DOUBLE_DIVIDE_CHECK(next_frame.coded_error));
1978 // How fast is prediction quality decaying.
1979 if (!detect_flash(twopass, 0)) {
1980 const double loop_decay_rate = get_prediction_decay_rate(&cpi->common,
1982 decay_accumulator *= loop_decay_rate;
1983 decay_accumulator = MAX(decay_accumulator, MIN_DECAY_FACTOR);
1986 boost_score += (decay_accumulator * r);
1990 reset_fpf_position(twopass, start_position);
1992 // Store the zero motion percentage
1993 twopass->kf_zeromotion_pct = (int)(zero_motion_accumulator * 100.0);
1995 // Calculate a section intra ratio used in setting max loop filter.
1996 twopass->section_intra_rating =
1997 calculate_section_intra_ratio(start_position, twopass->stats_in_end,
2000 // Work out how many bits to allocate for the key frame itself.
2001 rc->kf_boost = (int)boost_score;
2003 if (rc->kf_boost < (rc->frames_to_key * 3))
2004 rc->kf_boost = (rc->frames_to_key * 3);
2005 if (rc->kf_boost < MIN_KF_BOOST)
2006 rc->kf_boost = MIN_KF_BOOST;
2008 kf_bits = calculate_boost_bits((rc->frames_to_key - 1),
2009 rc->kf_boost, twopass->kf_group_bits);
2011 twopass->kf_group_bits -= kf_bits;
2013 // Save the bits to spend on the key frame.
2014 twopass->gf_group.bit_allocation[0] = kf_bits;
2015 twopass->gf_group.update_type[0] = KF_UPDATE;
2016 twopass->gf_group.rf_level[0] = KF_STD;
2018 // Note the total error score of the kf group minus the key frame itself.
2019 twopass->kf_group_error_left = (int)(kf_group_err - kf_mod_err);
2021 // Adjust the count of total modified error left.
2022 // The count of bits left is adjusted elsewhere based on real coded frame
2024 twopass->modified_error_left -= kf_group_err;
2027 // For VBR...adjustment to the frame target based on error from previous frames
2028 void vbr_rate_correction(int * this_frame_target,
2029 const int64_t vbr_bits_off_target) {
2030 int max_delta = (*this_frame_target * 15) / 100;
2032 // vbr_bits_off_target > 0 means we have extra bits to spend
2033 if (vbr_bits_off_target > 0) {
2034 *this_frame_target +=
2035 (vbr_bits_off_target > max_delta) ? max_delta
2036 : (int)vbr_bits_off_target;
2038 *this_frame_target -=
2039 (vbr_bits_off_target < -max_delta) ? max_delta
2040 : (int)-vbr_bits_off_target;
2044 // Define the reference buffers that will be updated post encode.
2045 void configure_buffer_updates(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
2046 TWO_PASS *const twopass = &cpi->twopass;
2048 cpi->rc.is_src_frame_alt_ref = 0;
2049 switch (twopass->gf_group.update_type[twopass->gf_group.index]) {
2051 cpi->refresh_last_frame = 1;
2052 cpi->refresh_golden_frame = 1;
2053 cpi->refresh_alt_ref_frame = 1;
2056 cpi->refresh_last_frame = 1;
2057 cpi->refresh_golden_frame = 0;
2058 cpi->refresh_alt_ref_frame = 0;
2061 cpi->refresh_last_frame = 1;
2062 cpi->refresh_golden_frame = 1;
2063 cpi->refresh_alt_ref_frame = 0;
2065 case OVERLAY_UPDATE:
2066 cpi->refresh_last_frame = 0;
2067 cpi->refresh_golden_frame = 1;
2068 cpi->refresh_alt_ref_frame = 0;
2069 cpi->rc.is_src_frame_alt_ref = 1;
2072 cpi->refresh_last_frame = 0;
2073 cpi->refresh_golden_frame = 0;
2074 cpi->refresh_alt_ref_frame = 1;
2079 if (cpi->use_svc && cpi->svc.number_temporal_layers == 1) {
2080 cpi->refresh_golden_frame = 0;
2081 if (cpi->alt_ref_source == NULL)
2082 cpi->refresh_alt_ref_frame = 0;
2087 void vp9_rc_get_second_pass_params(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
2088 VP9_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
2089 RATE_CONTROL *const rc = &cpi->rc;
2090 TWO_PASS *const twopass = &cpi->twopass;
2092 FIRSTPASS_STATS this_frame;
2093 FIRSTPASS_STATS this_frame_copy;
2096 LAYER_CONTEXT *lc = NULL;
2097 const int is_spatial_svc = (cpi->use_svc &&
2098 cpi->svc.number_temporal_layers == 1);
2099 if (is_spatial_svc) {
2100 lc = &cpi->svc.layer_context[cpi->svc.spatial_layer_id];
2101 frames_left = (int)(twopass->total_stats.count -
2102 lc->current_video_frame_in_layer);
2104 frames_left = (int)(twopass->total_stats.count -
2105 cm->current_video_frame);
2108 if (!twopass->stats_in)
2111 // If this is an arf frame then we dont want to read the stats file or
2112 // advance the input pointer as we already have what we need.
2113 if (twopass->gf_group.update_type[twopass->gf_group.index] == ARF_UPDATE) {
2115 configure_buffer_updates(cpi);
2116 target_rate = twopass->gf_group.bit_allocation[twopass->gf_group.index];
2117 target_rate = vp9_rc_clamp_pframe_target_size(cpi, target_rate);
2118 rc->base_frame_target = target_rate;
2119 #ifdef LONG_TERM_VBR_CORRECTION
2120 // Correction to rate target based on prior over or under shoot.
2121 if (cpi->oxcf.rc_mode == VPX_VBR)
2122 vbr_rate_correction(&target_rate, rc->vbr_bits_off_target);
2124 vp9_rc_set_frame_target(cpi, target_rate);
2125 cm->frame_type = INTER_FRAME;
2127 if (is_spatial_svc) {
2128 if (cpi->svc.spatial_layer_id == 0) {
2129 lc->is_key_frame = 0;
2131 lc->is_key_frame = cpi->svc.layer_context[0].is_key_frame;
2133 if (lc->is_key_frame)
2134 cpi->ref_frame_flags &= (~VP9_LAST_FLAG);
2141 vp9_clear_system_state();
2143 if (is_spatial_svc && twopass->kf_intra_err_min == 0) {
2144 twopass->kf_intra_err_min = KF_MB_INTRA_MIN * cpi->common.MBs;
2145 twopass->gf_intra_err_min = GF_MB_INTRA_MIN * cpi->common.MBs;
2148 if (cpi->oxcf.rc_mode == VPX_Q) {
2149 twopass->active_worst_quality = cpi->oxcf.cq_level;
2150 } else if (cm->current_video_frame == 0 ||
2151 (is_spatial_svc && lc->current_video_frame_in_layer == 0)) {
2152 // Special case code for first frame.
2153 const int section_target_bandwidth = (int)(twopass->bits_left /
2155 const int tmp_q = get_twopass_worst_quality(cpi, &twopass->total_left_stats,
2156 section_target_bandwidth);
2157 twopass->active_worst_quality = tmp_q;
2158 rc->ni_av_qi = tmp_q;
2159 rc->avg_q = vp9_convert_qindex_to_q(tmp_q);
2161 vp9_zero(this_frame);
2162 if (EOF == input_stats(twopass, &this_frame))
2165 // Local copy of the current frame's first pass stats.
2166 this_frame_copy = this_frame;
2168 // Keyframe and section processing.
2169 if (rc->frames_to_key == 0 ||
2170 (cpi->frame_flags & FRAMEFLAGS_KEY)) {
2171 // Define next KF group and assign bits to it.
2172 find_next_key_frame(cpi, &this_frame_copy);
2174 cm->frame_type = INTER_FRAME;
2177 if (is_spatial_svc) {
2178 if (cpi->svc.spatial_layer_id == 0) {
2179 lc->is_key_frame = (cm->frame_type == KEY_FRAME);
2181 cm->frame_type = INTER_FRAME;
2182 lc->is_key_frame = cpi->svc.layer_context[0].is_key_frame;
2184 if (lc->is_key_frame) {
2185 cpi->ref_frame_flags &= (~VP9_LAST_FLAG);
2190 // Define a new GF/ARF group. (Should always enter here for key frames).
2191 if (rc->frames_till_gf_update_due == 0) {
2192 define_gf_group(cpi, &this_frame_copy);
2194 if (twopass->gf_zeromotion_pct > 995) {
2195 // As long as max_thresh for encode breakout is small enough, it is ok
2196 // to enable it for show frame, i.e. set allow_encode_breakout to
2197 // ENCODE_BREAKOUT_LIMITED.
2198 if (!cm->show_frame)
2199 cpi->allow_encode_breakout = ENCODE_BREAKOUT_DISABLED;
2201 cpi->allow_encode_breakout = ENCODE_BREAKOUT_LIMITED;
2204 rc->frames_till_gf_update_due = rc->baseline_gf_interval;
2205 if (!is_spatial_svc)
2206 cpi->refresh_golden_frame = 1;
2210 FIRSTPASS_STATS next_frame;
2211 if (lookup_next_frame_stats(twopass, &next_frame) != EOF) {
2212 twopass->next_iiratio = (int)(next_frame.intra_error /
2213 DOUBLE_DIVIDE_CHECK(next_frame.coded_error));
2217 configure_buffer_updates(cpi);
2219 target_rate = twopass->gf_group.bit_allocation[twopass->gf_group.index];
2220 if (cpi->common.frame_type == KEY_FRAME)
2221 target_rate = vp9_rc_clamp_iframe_target_size(cpi, target_rate);
2223 target_rate = vp9_rc_clamp_pframe_target_size(cpi, target_rate);
2225 rc->base_frame_target = target_rate;
2226 #ifdef LONG_TERM_VBR_CORRECTION
2227 // Correction to rate target based on prior over or under shoot.
2228 if (cpi->oxcf.rc_mode == VPX_VBR)
2229 vbr_rate_correction(&target_rate, rc->vbr_bits_off_target);
2231 vp9_rc_set_frame_target(cpi, target_rate);
2233 // Update the total stats remaining structure.
2234 subtract_stats(&twopass->total_left_stats, &this_frame);
2236 #if CONFIG_FP_MB_STATS
2237 if (cpi->use_fp_mb_stats) {
2238 input_fpmb_stats(&twopass->firstpass_mb_stats, cm,
2239 &twopass->this_frame_mb_stats);
2244 void vp9_twopass_postencode_update(VP9_COMP *cpi) {
2245 TWO_PASS *const twopass = &cpi->twopass;
2246 RATE_CONTROL *const rc = &cpi->rc;
2247 #ifdef LONG_TERM_VBR_CORRECTION
2248 // In this experimental mode, the VBR correction is done exclusively through
2249 // rc->vbr_bits_off_target. Based on the sign of this value, a limited %
2250 // adjustment is made to the target rate of subsequent frames, to try and
2251 // push it back towards 0. This mode is less likely to suffer from
2252 // extreme behaviour at the end of a clip or group of frames.
2253 const int bits_used = rc->base_frame_target;
2254 rc->vbr_bits_off_target += rc->base_frame_target - rc->projected_frame_size;
2256 // In this mode, VBR correction is acheived by altering bits_left,
2257 // kf_group_bits & gf_group_bits to reflect any deviation from the target
2258 // rate in this frame. This alters the allocation of bits to the
2259 // remaning frames in the group / clip.
2261 // This method can give rise to unstable behaviour near the end of a clip
2262 // or kf/gf group of frames where any accumulated error is corrected over an
2263 // ever decreasing number of frames. Hence we change the balance of target
2264 // vs. actual bitrate gradually as we progress towards the end of the
2265 // sequence in order to mitigate this effect.
2266 const double progress =
2267 (double)(twopass->stats_in - twopass->stats_in_start) /
2268 (twopass->stats_in_end - twopass->stats_in_start);
2269 const int bits_used = (int)(progress * rc->this_frame_target +
2270 (1.0 - progress) * rc->projected_frame_size);
2273 twopass->bits_left = MAX(twopass->bits_left - bits_used, 0);
2275 #ifdef LONG_TERM_VBR_CORRECTION
2276 if (cpi->common.frame_type != KEY_FRAME &&
2277 !vp9_is_upper_layer_key_frame(cpi)) {
2279 if (cpi->common.frame_type == KEY_FRAME ||
2280 vp9_is_upper_layer_key_frame(cpi)) {
2281 // For key frames kf_group_bits already had the target bits subtracted out.
2282 // So now update to the correct value based on the actual bits used.
2283 twopass->kf_group_bits += rc->this_frame_target - bits_used;
2286 twopass->kf_group_bits -= bits_used;
2288 twopass->kf_group_bits = MAX(twopass->kf_group_bits, 0);
2290 // Increment the gf group index ready for the next frame.
2291 ++twopass->gf_group.index;