granicus.if.org Git - strace/blob - syscall.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1991, 1992 Paul Kranenburg <pk@cs.few.eur.nl>
   3  * Copyright (c) 1993 Branko Lankester <branko@hacktic.nl>
   4  * Copyright (c) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996 Rick Sladkey <jrs@world.std.com>
   5  * Copyright (c) 1996-1999 Wichert Akkerman <wichert@cistron.nl>
   6  * Copyright (c) 1999 IBM Deutschland Entwicklung GmbH, IBM Corporation
   7  *                     Linux for s390 port by D.J. Barrow
   8  *                    <barrow_dj@mail.yahoo.com,djbarrow@de.ibm.com>
   9  * Copyright (c) 1999-2017 The strace developers.
  10  * All rights reserved.
  11  *
  12  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  13  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  14  * are met:
  15  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  17  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  18  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  19  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  20  * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
  21  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
  22  *
  23  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
  24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
  25  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
  26  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
  27  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
  28  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
  29  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
  30  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
  31  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
  32  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  33  */
  34
  35 #include "defs.h"
  36 #include "native_defs.h"
  37 #include "nsig.h"
  38 #include "number_set.h"
  39 #include <sys/param.h>
  40
  41 /* for struct iovec */
  42 #include <sys/uio.h>
  43
  44 /* for __X32_SYSCALL_BIT */
  45 #include <asm/unistd.h>
  46
  47 #include "regs.h"
  48 #include "ptrace.h"
  49
  50 #if defined(SPARC64)
  51 # undef PTRACE_GETREGS
  52 # define PTRACE_GETREGS PTRACE_GETREGS64
  53 # undef PTRACE_SETREGS
  54 # define PTRACE_SETREGS PTRACE_SETREGS64
  55 #endif
  56
  57 #if defined SPARC64
  58 # include <asm/psrcompat.h>
  59 #elif defined SPARC
  60 # include <asm/psr.h>
  61 #endif
  62
  63 #ifdef IA64
  64 # include <asm/rse.h>
  65 #endif
  66
  67 #ifndef NT_PRSTATUS
  68 # define NT_PRSTATUS 1
  69 #endif
  70
  71 #include "syscall.h"
  72
  73 /* Define these shorthand notations to simplify the syscallent files. */
  74 #include "sysent_shorthand_defs.h"
  75
  76 #define SEN(syscall_name) SEN_ ## syscall_name, SYS_FUNC_NAME(sys_ ## syscall_name)
  77
  78 const struct_sysent sysent0[] = {
  79 #include "syscallent.h"
  80 };
  81
  82 #if SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES > 1
  83 # include PERSONALITY1_INCLUDE_FUNCS
  84 static const struct_sysent sysent1[] = {
  85 # include "syscallent1.h"
  86 };
  87 #endif
  88
  89 #if SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES > 2
  90 # include PERSONALITY2_INCLUDE_FUNCS
  91 static const struct_sysent sysent2[] = {
  92 # include "syscallent2.h"
  93 };
  94 #endif
  95
  96 /* Now undef them since short defines cause wicked namespace pollution. */
  97 #include "sysent_shorthand_undefs.h"
  98
  99 /*
 100  * `ioctlent[012].h' files are automatically generated by the auxiliary
 101  * program `ioctlsort', such that the list is sorted by the `code' field.
 102  * This has the side-effect of resolving the _IO.. macros into
 103  * plain integers, eliminating the need to include here everything
 104  * in "/usr/include".
 105  */
 106
 107 const char *const errnoent0[] = {
 108 #include "errnoent.h"
 109 };
 110 const char *const signalent0[] = {
 111 #include "signalent.h"
 112 };
 113 const struct_ioctlent ioctlent0[] = {
 114 #include "ioctlent0.h"
 115 };
 116
 117 #if SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES > 1
 118 static const char *const errnoent1[] = {
 119 # include "errnoent1.h"
 120 };
 121 static const char *const signalent1[] = {
 122 # include "signalent1.h"
 123 };
 124 static const struct_ioctlent ioctlent1[] = {
 125 # include "ioctlent1.h"
 126 };
 127 # include PERSONALITY0_INCLUDE_PRINTERS_DECLS
 128 static const struct_printers printers0 = {
 129 # include PERSONALITY0_INCLUDE_PRINTERS_DEFS
 130 };
 131 # include PERSONALITY1_INCLUDE_PRINTERS_DECLS
 132 static const struct_printers printers1 = {
 133 # include PERSONALITY1_INCLUDE_PRINTERS_DEFS
 134 };
 135 #endif
 136
 137 #if SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES > 2
 138 static const char *const errnoent2[] = {
 139 # include "errnoent2.h"
 140 };
 141 static const char *const signalent2[] = {
 142 # include "signalent2.h"
 143 };
 144 static const struct_ioctlent ioctlent2[] = {
 145 # include "ioctlent2.h"
 146 };
 147 # include PERSONALITY2_INCLUDE_PRINTERS_DECLS
 148 static const struct_printers printers2 = {
 149 # include PERSONALITY2_INCLUDE_PRINTERS_DEFS
 150 };
 151 #endif
 152
 153 enum {
 154         nsyscalls0 = ARRAY_SIZE(sysent0)
 155 #if SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES > 1
 156         , nsyscalls1 = ARRAY_SIZE(sysent1)
 157 # if SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES > 2
 158         , nsyscalls2 = ARRAY_SIZE(sysent2)
 159 # endif
 160 #endif
 161 };
 162
 163 enum {
 164         nerrnos0 = ARRAY_SIZE(errnoent0)
 165 #if SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES > 1
 166         , nerrnos1 = ARRAY_SIZE(errnoent1)
 167 # if SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES > 2
 168         , nerrnos2 = ARRAY_SIZE(errnoent2)
 169 # endif
 170 #endif
 171 };
 172
 173 enum {
 174         nsignals0 = ARRAY_SIZE(signalent0)
 175 #if SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES > 1
 176         , nsignals1 = ARRAY_SIZE(signalent1)
 177 # if SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES > 2
 178         , nsignals2 = ARRAY_SIZE(signalent2)
 179 # endif
 180 #endif
 181 };
 182
 183 enum {
 184         nioctlents0 = ARRAY_SIZE(ioctlent0)
 185 #if SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES > 1
 186         , nioctlents1 = ARRAY_SIZE(ioctlent1)
 187 # if SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES > 2
 188         , nioctlents2 = ARRAY_SIZE(ioctlent2)
 189 # endif
 190 #endif
 191 };
 192
 193 #if SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES > 1
 194 const struct_sysent *sysent = sysent0;
 195 const char *const *errnoent = errnoent0;
 196 const char *const *signalent = signalent0;
 197 const struct_ioctlent *ioctlent = ioctlent0;
 198 const struct_printers *printers = &printers0;
 199 #endif
 200
 201 unsigned nsyscalls = nsyscalls0;
 202 unsigned nerrnos = nerrnos0;
 203 unsigned nsignals = nsignals0;
 204 unsigned nioctlents = nioctlents0;
 205
 206 const unsigned int nsyscall_vec[SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES] = {
 207         nsyscalls0,
 208 #if SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES > 1
 209         nsyscalls1,
 210 #endif
 211 #if SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES > 2
 212         nsyscalls2,
 213 #endif
 214 };
 215 const struct_sysent *const sysent_vec[SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES] = {
 216         sysent0,
 217 #if SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES > 1
 218         sysent1,
 219 #endif
 220 #if SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES > 2
 221         sysent2,
 222 #endif
 223 };
 224
 225 #if SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES > 1
 226 unsigned current_personality;
 227
 228 # ifndef current_wordsize
 229 unsigned current_wordsize;
 230 static const int personality_wordsize[SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES] = {
 231         PERSONALITY0_WORDSIZE,
 232         PERSONALITY1_WORDSIZE,
 233 # if SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES > 2
 234         PERSONALITY2_WORDSIZE,
 235 # endif
 236 };
 237 # endif
 238
 239 # ifndef current_klongsize
 240 unsigned current_klongsize;
 241 static const int personality_klongsize[SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES] = {
 242         PERSONALITY0_KLONGSIZE,
 243         PERSONALITY1_KLONGSIZE,
 244 #  if SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES > 2
 245         PERSONALITY2_KLONGSIZE,
 246 #  endif
 247 };
 248 # endif
 249
 250 void
 251 set_personality(int personality)
 252 {
 253         nsyscalls = nsyscall_vec[personality];
 254         sysent = sysent_vec[personality];
 255
 256         switch (personality) {
 257         case 0:
 258                 errnoent = errnoent0;
 259                 nerrnos = nerrnos0;
 260                 ioctlent = ioctlent0;
 261                 nioctlents = nioctlents0;
 262                 signalent = signalent0;
 263                 nsignals = nsignals0;
 264                 printers = &printers0;
 265                 break;
 266
 267         case 1:
 268                 errnoent = errnoent1;
 269                 nerrnos = nerrnos1;
 270                 ioctlent = ioctlent1;
 271                 nioctlents = nioctlents1;
 272                 signalent = signalent1;
 273                 nsignals = nsignals1;
 274                 printers = &printers1;
 275                 break;
 276
 277 # if SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES > 2
 278         case 2:
 279                 errnoent = errnoent2;
 280                 nerrnos = nerrnos2;
 281                 ioctlent = ioctlent2;
 282                 nioctlents = nioctlents2;
 283                 signalent = signalent2;
 284                 nsignals = nsignals2;
 285                 printers = &printers2;
 286                 break;
 287 # endif
 288         }
 289
 290         current_personality = personality;
 291 # ifndef current_wordsize
 292         current_wordsize = personality_wordsize[personality];
 293 # endif
 294 # ifndef current_klongsize
 295         current_klongsize = personality_klongsize[personality];
 296 # endif
 297 }
 298
 299 static void
 300 update_personality(struct tcb *tcp, unsigned int personality)
 301 {
 302         if (personality == current_personality)
 303                 return;
 304         set_personality(personality);
 305
 306         if (personality == tcp->currpers)
 307                 return;
 308         tcp->currpers = personality;
 309
 310 # undef PERSONALITY_NAMES
 311 # if defined X86_64
 312 #  define PERSONALITY_NAMES {"64 bit", "32 bit", "x32"}
 313 # elif defined X32
 314 #  define PERSONALITY_NAMES {"x32", "32 bit"}
 315 # elif SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES == 2
 316 #  define PERSONALITY_NAMES {"64 bit", "32 bit"}
 317 # endif
 318 # ifdef PERSONALITY_NAMES
 319         if (!qflag) {
 320                 static const char *const names[] = PERSONALITY_NAMES;
 321                 error_msg("[ Process PID=%d runs in %s mode. ]",
 322                           tcp->pid, names[personality]);
 323         }
 324 # endif
 325 }
 326 #endif
 327
 328 #ifdef SYS_socket_subcall
 329 static void
 330 decode_socket_subcall(struct tcb *tcp)
 331 {
 332         const int call = tcp->u_arg[0];
 333
 334         if (call < 1 || call >= SYS_socket_nsubcalls)
 335                 return;
 336
 337         const kernel_ulong_t scno = SYS_socket_subcall + call;
 338         const unsigned int nargs = sysent[scno].nargs;
 339         uint64_t buf[nargs];
 340
 341         if (umoven(tcp, tcp->u_arg[1], nargs * current_wordsize, buf) < 0)
 342                 return;
 343
 344         tcp->scno = scno;
 345         tcp->qual_flg = qual_flags(scno);
 346         tcp->s_ent = &sysent[scno];
 347
 348         unsigned int i;
 349         for (i = 0; i < nargs; ++i)
 350                 tcp->u_arg[i] = (sizeof(uint32_t) == current_wordsize)
 351                                 ? ((uint32_t *) (void *) buf)[i] : buf[i];
 352 }
 353 #endif /* SYS_socket_subcall */
 354
 355 #ifdef SYS_ipc_subcall
 356 static void
 357 decode_ipc_subcall(struct tcb *tcp)
 358 {
 359         unsigned int call = tcp->u_arg[0];
 360         const unsigned int version = call >> 16;
 361
 362         if (version) {
 363 # if defined S390 || defined S390X
 364                 return;
 365 # else
 366 #  ifdef SPARC64
 367                 if (current_wordsize == 8)
 368                         return;
 369 #  endif
 370                 set_tcb_priv_ulong(tcp, version);
 371                 call &= 0xffff;
 372 # endif
 373         }
 374
 375         switch (call) {
 376                 case  1: case  2: case  3: case  4:
 377                 case 11: case 12: case 13: case 14:
 378                 case 21: case 22: case 23: case 24:
 379                         break;
 380                 default:
 381                         return;
 382         }
 383
 384         tcp->scno = SYS_ipc_subcall + call;
 385         tcp->qual_flg = qual_flags(tcp->scno);
 386         tcp->s_ent = &sysent[tcp->scno];
 387
 388         const unsigned int n = tcp->s_ent->nargs;
 389         unsigned int i;
 390         for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
 391                 tcp->u_arg[i] = tcp->u_arg[i + 1];
 392 }
 393 #endif /* SYS_ipc_subcall */
 394
 395 #ifdef SYS_syscall_subcall
 396 static void
 397 decode_syscall_subcall(struct tcb *tcp)
 398 {
 399         if (!scno_is_valid(tcp->u_arg[0]))
 400                 return;
 401         tcp->scno = tcp->u_arg[0];
 402         tcp->qual_flg = qual_flags(tcp->scno);
 403         tcp->s_ent = &sysent[tcp->scno];
 404         memmove(&tcp->u_arg[0], &tcp->u_arg[1],
 405                 sizeof(tcp->u_arg) - sizeof(tcp->u_arg[0]));
 406 # ifdef LINUX_MIPSO32
 407         /*
 408          * Fetching the last arg of 7-arg syscalls (fadvise64_64
 409          * and sync_file_range) requires additional code,
 410          * see linux/mips/get_syscall_args.c
 411          */
 412         if (tcp->s_ent->nargs == MAX_ARGS) {
 413                 if (umoven(tcp,
 414                            mips_REG_SP + MAX_ARGS * sizeof(tcp->u_arg[0]),
 415                            sizeof(tcp->u_arg[0]),
 416                            &tcp->u_arg[MAX_ARGS - 1]) < 0)
 417                 tcp->u_arg[MAX_ARGS - 1] = 0;
 418         }
 419 # endif /* LINUX_MIPSO32 */
 420 }
 421 #endif /* SYS_syscall_subcall */
 422
 423 static void
 424 dumpio(struct tcb *tcp)
 425 {
 426         if (syserror(tcp))
 427                 return;
 428
 429         int fd = tcp->u_arg[0];
 430         if (fd < 0)
 431                 return;
 432
 433         if (is_number_in_set(fd, read_set)) {
 434                 switch (tcp->s_ent->sen) {
 435                 case SEN_read:
 436                 case SEN_pread:
 437                 case SEN_recv:
 438                 case SEN_recvfrom:
 439                 case SEN_mq_timedreceive:
 440                         dumpstr(tcp, tcp->u_arg[1], tcp->u_rval);
 441                         return;
 442                 case SEN_readv:
 443                 case SEN_preadv:
 444                 case SEN_preadv2:
 445                         dumpiov_upto(tcp, tcp->u_arg[2], tcp->u_arg[1],
 446                                      tcp->u_rval);
 447                         return;
 448                 case SEN_recvmsg:
 449                         dumpiov_in_msghdr(tcp, tcp->u_arg[1], tcp->u_rval);
 450                         return;
 451                 case SEN_recvmmsg:
 452                         dumpiov_in_mmsghdr(tcp, tcp->u_arg[1]);
 453                         return;
 454                 }
 455         }
 456         if (is_number_in_set(fd, write_set)) {
 457                 switch (tcp->s_ent->sen) {
 458                 case SEN_write:
 459                 case SEN_pwrite:
 460                 case SEN_send:
 461                 case SEN_sendto:
 462                 case SEN_mq_timedsend:
 463                         dumpstr(tcp, tcp->u_arg[1], tcp->u_arg[2]);
 464                         break;
 465                 case SEN_writev:
 466                 case SEN_pwritev:
 467                 case SEN_pwritev2:
 468                 case SEN_vmsplice:
 469                         dumpiov_upto(tcp, tcp->u_arg[2], tcp->u_arg[1], -1);
 470                         break;
 471                 case SEN_sendmsg:
 472                         dumpiov_in_msghdr(tcp, tcp->u_arg[1], -1);
 473                         break;
 474                 case SEN_sendmmsg:
 475                         dumpiov_in_mmsghdr(tcp, tcp->u_arg[1]);
 476                         break;
 477                 }
 478         }
 479 }
 480
 481 /*
 482  * Shuffle syscall numbers so that we don't have huge gaps in syscall table.
 483  * The shuffling should be an involution: shuffle_scno(shuffle_scno(n)) == n.
 484  */
 485 static kernel_ulong_t
 486 shuffle_scno(kernel_ulong_t scno)
 487 {
 488 #ifdef ARM_FIRST_SHUFFLED_SYSCALL       /* So far only 32-bit ARM needs this */
 489         if (scno < ARM_FIRST_SHUFFLED_SYSCALL)
 490                 return scno;
 491
 492         /* __ARM_NR_cmpxchg? Swap with LAST_ORDINARY+1 */
 493         if (scno == ARM_FIRST_SHUFFLED_SYSCALL)
 494                 return 0x000ffff0;
 495         if (scno == 0x000ffff0)
 496                 return ARM_FIRST_SHUFFLED_SYSCALL;
 497
 498 # define ARM_SECOND_SHUFFLED_SYSCALL (ARM_FIRST_SHUFFLED_SYSCALL + 1)
 499         /*
 500          * Is it ARM specific syscall?
 501          * Swap [0x000f0000, 0x000f0000 + LAST_SPECIAL] range
 502          * with [SECOND_SHUFFLED, SECOND_SHUFFLED + LAST_SPECIAL] range.
 503          */
 504         if (scno >= 0x000f0000 &&
 505             scno <= 0x000f0000 + ARM_LAST_SPECIAL_SYSCALL) {
 506                 return scno - 0x000f0000 + ARM_SECOND_SHUFFLED_SYSCALL;
 507         }
 508         if (scno <= ARM_SECOND_SHUFFLED_SYSCALL + ARM_LAST_SPECIAL_SYSCALL) {
 509                 return scno + 0x000f0000 - ARM_SECOND_SHUFFLED_SYSCALL;
 510         }
 511 #endif /* ARM_FIRST_SHUFFLED_SYSCALL */
 512
 513         return scno;
 514 }
 515
 516 const char *
 517 err_name(unsigned long err)
 518 {
 519         if ((err < nerrnos) && errnoent[err])
 520                 return errnoent[err];
 521
 522         return NULL;
 523 }
 524
 525 static long get_regs(pid_t pid);
 526 static int get_syscall_args(struct tcb *);
 527 static int get_syscall_result(struct tcb *);
 528 static int arch_get_scno(struct tcb *tcp);
 529 static int arch_set_scno(struct tcb *, kernel_ulong_t);
 530 static void get_error(struct tcb *, const bool);
 531 static int arch_set_error(struct tcb *);
 532 static int arch_set_success(struct tcb *);
 533
 534 struct inject_opts *inject_vec[SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES];
 535
 536 static struct inject_opts *
 537 tcb_inject_opts(struct tcb *tcp)
 538 {
 539         return (scno_in_range(tcp->scno) && tcp->inject_vec[current_personality])
 540                ? &tcp->inject_vec[current_personality][tcp->scno] : NULL;
 541 }
 542
 543
 544 static long
 545 tamper_with_syscall_entering(struct tcb *tcp, unsigned int *signo)
 546 {
 547         if (!tcp->inject_vec[current_personality]) {
 548                 tcp->inject_vec[current_personality] =
 549                         xcalloc(nsyscalls, sizeof(**inject_vec));
 550                 memcpy(tcp->inject_vec[current_personality],
 551                        inject_vec[current_personality],
 552                        nsyscalls * sizeof(**inject_vec));
 553         }
 554
 555         struct inject_opts *opts = tcb_inject_opts(tcp);
 556
 557         if (!opts || opts->first == 0)
 558                 return 0;
 559
 560         --opts->first;
 561
 562         if (opts->first != 0)
 563                 return 0;
 564
 565         opts->first = opts->step;
 566
 567         if (opts->data.flags & INJECT_F_SIGNAL)
 568                 *signo = opts->data.signo;
 569         if (opts->data.flags & INJECT_F_RETVAL && !arch_set_scno(tcp, -1))
 570                 tcp->flags |= TCB_TAMPERED;
 571
 572         return 0;
 573 }
 574
 575 static long
 576 tamper_with_syscall_exiting(struct tcb *tcp)
 577 {
 578         struct inject_opts *opts = tcb_inject_opts(tcp);
 579
 580         if (!opts)
 581                 return 0;
 582
 583         if (opts->data.rval >= 0) {
 584                 kernel_long_t u_rval = tcp->u_rval;
 585
 586                 tcp->u_rval = opts->data.rval;
 587                 if (arch_set_success(tcp)) {
 588                         tcp->u_rval = u_rval;
 589                 } else {
 590                         tcp->u_error = 0;
 591                 }
 592         } else {
 593                 unsigned long new_error = -opts->data.rval;
 594
 595                 if (new_error != tcp->u_error && new_error <= MAX_ERRNO_VALUE) {
 596                         unsigned long u_error = tcp->u_error;
 597
 598                         tcp->u_error = new_error;
 599                         if (arch_set_error(tcp)) {
 600                                 tcp->u_error = u_error;
 601                         }
 602                 }
 603         }
 604
 605         return 0;
 606 }
 607
 608 /*
 609  * Returns:
 610  * 0: "ignore this ptrace stop", bail out silently.
 611  * 1: ok, decoded; call
 612  *    syscall_entering_finish(tcp, syscall_entering_trace(tcp, ...)).
 613  * other: error; call syscall_entering_finish(tcp, res), where res is the value
 614  *    returned.
 615  */
 616 int
 617 syscall_entering_decode(struct tcb *tcp)
 618 {
 619         int res = get_scno(tcp);
 620         if (res == 0)
 621                 return res;
 622         int scno_good = res;
 623         if (res != 1 || (res = get_syscall_args(tcp)) != 1) {
 624                 printleader(tcp);
 625                 tprintf("%s(", scno_good == 1 ? tcp->s_ent->sys_name : "????");
 626                 /*
 627                  * " <unavailable>" will be added later by the code which
 628                  * detects ptrace errors.
 629                  */
 630                 return res;
 631         }
 632
 633 #if defined SYS_ipc_subcall     \
 634  || defined SYS_socket_subcall  \
 635  || defined SYS_syscall_subcall
 636         for (;;) {
 637                 switch (tcp->s_ent->sen) {
 638 # ifdef SYS_ipc_subcall
 639                 case SEN_ipc:
 640                         decode_ipc_subcall(tcp);
 641                         break;
 642 # endif
 643 # ifdef SYS_socket_subcall
 644                 case SEN_socketcall:
 645                         decode_socket_subcall(tcp);
 646                         break;
 647 # endif
 648 # ifdef SYS_syscall_subcall
 649                 case SEN_syscall:
 650                         decode_syscall_subcall(tcp);
 651                         if (tcp->s_ent->sen != SEN_syscall)
 652                                 continue;
 653                         break;
 654 # endif
 655                 }
 656                 break;
 657         }
 658 #endif
 659
 660         return 1;
 661 }
 662
 663 int
 664 syscall_entering_trace(struct tcb *tcp, unsigned int *sig)
 665 {
 666         /* Restrain from fault injection while the trace executes strace code. */
 667         if (hide_log(tcp)) {
 668                 tcp->qual_flg &= ~QUAL_INJECT;
 669         }
 670
 671         switch (tcp->s_ent->sen) {
 672                 case SEN_execve:
 673                 case SEN_execveat:
 674 #if defined SPARC || defined SPARC64
 675                 case SEN_execv:
 676 #endif
 677                         tcp->flags &= ~TCB_HIDE_LOG;
 678                         break;
 679         }
 680
 681         if (!traced(tcp) || (tracing_paths && !pathtrace_match(tcp))) {
 682                 tcp->flags |= TCB_FILTERED;
 683                 return 0;
 684         }
 685
 686         tcp->flags &= ~TCB_FILTERED;
 687
 688         if (hide_log(tcp)) {
 689                 return 0;
 690         }
 691
 692         if (inject(tcp))
 693                 tamper_with_syscall_entering(tcp, sig);
 694
 695         if (cflag == CFLAG_ONLY_STATS) {
 696                 return 0;
 697         }
 698
 699 #ifdef USE_LIBUNWIND
 700         if (stack_trace_enabled) {
 701                 if (tcp->s_ent->sys_flags & STACKTRACE_CAPTURE_ON_ENTER)
 702                         unwind_capture_stacktrace(tcp);
 703         }
 704 #endif
 705
 706         printleader(tcp);
 707         tprintf("%s(", tcp->s_ent->sys_name);
 708         int res = raw(tcp) ? printargs(tcp) : tcp->s_ent->sys_func(tcp);
 709         fflush(tcp->outf);
 710         return res;
 711 }
 712
 713 void
 714 syscall_entering_finish(struct tcb *tcp, int res)
 715 {
 716         tcp->flags |= TCB_INSYSCALL;
 717         tcp->sys_func_rval = res;
 718         /* Measure the entrance time as late as possible to avoid errors. */
 719         if ((Tflag || cflag) && !filtered(tcp))
 720                 gettimeofday(&tcp->etime, NULL);
 721 }
 722
 723 static bool
 724 syscall_tampered(struct tcb *tcp)
 725 {
 726         return tcp->flags & TCB_TAMPERED;
 727 }
 728
 729 /* Returns:
 730  * 0: "bail out".
 731  * 1: ok.
 732  * -1: error in one of ptrace ops.
 733  *
 734  * If not 0, call syscall_exiting_trace(tcp, res), where res is the return
 735  *    value. Anyway, call syscall_exiting_finish(tcp) then.
 736  */
 737 int
 738 syscall_exiting_decode(struct tcb *tcp, struct timeval *ptv)
 739 {
 740         /* Measure the exit time as early as possible to avoid errors. */
 741         if ((Tflag || cflag) && !(filtered(tcp) || hide_log(tcp)))
 742                 gettimeofday(ptv, NULL);
 743
 744 #ifdef USE_LIBUNWIND
 745         if (stack_trace_enabled) {
 746                 if (tcp->s_ent->sys_flags & STACKTRACE_INVALIDATE_CACHE)
 747                         unwind_cache_invalidate(tcp);
 748         }
 749 #endif
 750
 751         if (filtered(tcp) || hide_log(tcp))
 752                 return 0;
 753
 754 #if SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES > 1
 755         update_personality(tcp, tcp->currpers);
 756 #endif
 757
 758         return get_syscall_result(tcp);
 759 }
 760
 761 int
 762 syscall_exiting_trace(struct tcb *tcp, struct timeval tv, int res)
 763 {
 764         if (syserror(tcp) && syscall_tampered(tcp))
 765                 tamper_with_syscall_exiting(tcp);
 766
 767         if (cflag) {
 768                 count_syscall(tcp, &tv);
 769                 if (cflag == CFLAG_ONLY_STATS) {
 770                         return 0;
 771                 }
 772         }
 773
 774         /* If not in -ff mode, and printing_tcp != tcp,
 775          * then the log currently does not end with output
 776          * of _our syscall entry_, but with something else.
 777          * We need to say which syscall's return is this.
 778          *
 779          * Forced reprinting via TCB_REPRINT is used only by
 780          * "strace -ff -oLOG test/threaded_execve" corner case.
 781          * It's the only case when -ff mode needs reprinting.
 782          */
 783         if ((followfork < 2 && printing_tcp != tcp) || (tcp->flags & TCB_REPRINT)) {
 784                 tcp->flags &= ~TCB_REPRINT;
 785                 printleader(tcp);
 786                 tprintf("<... %s resumed> ", tcp->s_ent->sys_name);
 787         }
 788         printing_tcp = tcp;
 789
 790         tcp->s_prev_ent = NULL;
 791         if (res != 1) {
 792                 /* There was error in one of prior ptrace ops */
 793                 tprints(") ");
 794                 tabto();
 795                 tprints("= ? <unavailable>\n");
 796                 line_ended();
 797                 return res;
 798         }
 799         tcp->s_prev_ent = tcp->s_ent;
 800
 801         int sys_res = 0;
 802         if (raw(tcp)) {
 803                 /* sys_res = printargs(tcp); - but it's nop on sysexit */
 804         } else {
 805         /* FIXME: not_failing_only (IOW, option -z) is broken:
 806          * failure of syscall is known only after syscall return.
 807          * Thus we end up with something like this on, say, ENOENT:
 808          *     open("does_not_exist", O_RDONLY <unfinished ...>
 809          *     {next syscall decode}
 810          * whereas the intended result is that open(...) line
 811          * is not shown at all.
 812          */
 813                 if (not_failing_only && tcp->u_error)
 814                         return 0;       /* ignore failed syscalls */
 815                 if (tcp->sys_func_rval & RVAL_DECODED)
 816                         sys_res = tcp->sys_func_rval;
 817                 else
 818                         sys_res = tcp->s_ent->sys_func(tcp);
 819         }
 820
 821         tprints(") ");
 822         tabto();
 823         unsigned long u_error = tcp->u_error;
 824
 825         if (raw(tcp)) {
 826                 if (u_error) {
 827                         tprintf("= -1 (errno %lu)", u_error);
 828                 } else {
 829                         tprintf("= %#" PRI_klx, tcp->u_rval);
 830                 }
 831                 if (syscall_tampered(tcp))
 832                         tprints(" (INJECTED)");
 833         } else if (!(sys_res & RVAL_NONE) && u_error) {
 834                 const char *u_error_str;
 835
 836                 switch (u_error) {
 837                 /* Blocked signals do not interrupt any syscalls.
 838                  * In this case syscalls don't return ERESTARTfoo codes.
 839                  *
 840                  * Deadly signals set to SIG_DFL interrupt syscalls
 841                  * and kill the process regardless of which of the codes below
 842                  * is returned by the interrupted syscall.
 843                  * In some cases, kernel forces a kernel-generated deadly
 844                  * signal to be unblocked and set to SIG_DFL (and thus cause
 845                  * death) if it is blocked or SIG_IGNed: for example, SIGSEGV
 846                  * or SIGILL. (The alternative is to leave process spinning
 847                  * forever on the faulty instruction - not useful).
 848                  *
 849                  * SIG_IGNed signals and non-deadly signals set to SIG_DFL
 850                  * (for example, SIGCHLD, SIGWINCH) interrupt syscalls,
 851                  * but kernel will always restart them.
 852                  */
 853                 case ERESTARTSYS:
 854                         /* Most common type of signal-interrupted syscall exit code.
 855                          * The system call will be restarted with the same arguments
 856                          * if SA_RESTART is set; otherwise, it will fail with EINTR.
 857                          */
 858                         tprints("= ? ERESTARTSYS (To be restarted if SA_RESTART is set)");
 859                         break;
 860                 case ERESTARTNOINTR:
 861                         /* Rare. For example, fork() returns this if interrupted.
 862                          * SA_RESTART is ignored (assumed set): the restart is unconditional.
 863                          */
 864                         tprints("= ? ERESTARTNOINTR (To be restarted)");
 865                         break;
 866                 case ERESTARTNOHAND:
 867                         /* pause(), rt_sigsuspend() etc use this code.
 868                          * SA_RESTART is ignored (assumed not set):
 869                          * syscall won't restart (will return EINTR instead)
 870                          * even after signal with SA_RESTART set. However,
 871                          * after SIG_IGN or SIG_DFL signal it will restart
 872                          * (thus the name "restart only if has no handler").
 873                          */
 874                         tprints("= ? ERESTARTNOHAND (To be restarted if no handler)");
 875                         break;
 876                 case ERESTART_RESTARTBLOCK:
 877                         /* Syscalls like nanosleep(), poll() which can't be
 878                          * restarted with their original arguments use this
 879                          * code. Kernel will execute restart_syscall() instead,
 880                          * which changes arguments before restarting syscall.
 881                          * SA_RESTART is ignored (assumed not set) similarly
 882                          * to ERESTARTNOHAND. (Kernel can't honor SA_RESTART
 883                          * since restart data is saved in "restart block"
 884                          * in task struct, and if signal handler uses a syscall
 885                          * which in turn saves another such restart block,
 886                          * old data is lost and restart becomes impossible)
 887                          */
 888                         tprints("= ? ERESTART_RESTARTBLOCK (Interrupted by signal)");
 889                         break;
 890                 default:
 891                         u_error_str = err_name(u_error);
 892                         if (u_error_str)
 893                                 tprintf("= -1 %s (%s)",
 894                                         u_error_str, strerror(u_error));
 895                         else
 896                                 tprintf("= -1 %lu (%s)",
 897                                         u_error, strerror(u_error));
 898                         break;
 899                 }
 900                 if (syscall_tampered(tcp))
 901                         tprints(" (INJECTED)");
 902                 if ((sys_res & RVAL_STR) && tcp->auxstr)
 903                         tprintf(" (%s)", tcp->auxstr);
 904         } else {
 905                 if (sys_res & RVAL_NONE)
 906                         tprints("= ?");
 907                 else {
 908                         switch (sys_res & RVAL_MASK) {
 909                         case RVAL_HEX:
 910 #if ANY_WORDSIZE_LESS_THAN_KERNEL_LONG
 911                                 if (current_wordsize < sizeof(tcp->u_rval)) {
 912                                         tprintf("= %#x",
 913                                                 (unsigned int) tcp->u_rval);
 914                                 } else
 915 #endif
 916                                 {
 917                                         tprintf("= %#" PRI_klx, tcp->u_rval);
 918                                 }
 919                                 break;
 920                         case RVAL_OCTAL:
 921                                 tprints("= ");
 922                                 print_numeric_long_umask(tcp->u_rval);
 923                                 break;
 924                         case RVAL_UDECIMAL:
 925 #if ANY_WORDSIZE_LESS_THAN_KERNEL_LONG
 926                                 if (current_wordsize < sizeof(tcp->u_rval)) {
 927                                         tprintf("= %u",
 928                                                 (unsigned int) tcp->u_rval);
 929                                 } else
 930 #endif
 931                                 {
 932                                         tprintf("= %" PRI_klu, tcp->u_rval);
 933                                 }
 934                                 break;
 935                         case RVAL_DECIMAL:
 936                                 tprintf("= %" PRI_kld, tcp->u_rval);
 937                                 break;
 938                         case RVAL_FD:
 939                                 if (show_fd_path) {
 940                                         tprints("= ");
 941                                         printfd(tcp, tcp->u_rval);
 942                                 } else
 943                                         tprintf("= %" PRI_kld, tcp->u_rval);
 944                                 break;
 945                         default:
 946                                 error_msg("invalid rval format");
 947                                 break;
 948                         }
 949                 }
 950                 if ((sys_res & RVAL_STR) && tcp->auxstr)
 951                         tprintf(" (%s)", tcp->auxstr);
 952                 if (syscall_tampered(tcp))
 953                         tprints(" (INJECTED)");
 954         }
 955         if (Tflag) {
 956                 tv_sub(&tv, &tv, &tcp->etime);
 957                 tprintf(" <%ld.%06ld>",
 958                         (long) tv.tv_sec, (long) tv.tv_usec);
 959         }
 960         tprints("\n");
 961         dumpio(tcp);
 962         line_ended();
 963
 964 #ifdef USE_LIBUNWIND
 965         if (stack_trace_enabled)
 966                 unwind_print_stacktrace(tcp);
 967 #endif
 968         return 0;
 969 }
 970
 971 void
 972 syscall_exiting_finish(struct tcb *tcp)
 973 {
 974         tcp->flags &= ~(TCB_INSYSCALL | TCB_TAMPERED);
 975         tcp->sys_func_rval = 0;
 976         free_tcb_priv_data(tcp);
 977 }
 978
 979 bool
 980 is_erestart(struct tcb *tcp)
 981 {
 982         switch (tcp->u_error) {
 983                 case ERESTARTSYS:
 984                 case ERESTARTNOINTR:
 985                 case ERESTARTNOHAND:
 986                 case ERESTART_RESTARTBLOCK:
 987                         return true;
 988                 default:
 989                         return false;
 990         }
 991 }
 992
 993 static unsigned long saved_u_error;
 994
 995 void
 996 temporarily_clear_syserror(struct tcb *tcp)
 997 {
 998         saved_u_error = tcp->u_error;
 999         tcp->u_error = 0;
1000 }
1001
1002 void
1003 restore_cleared_syserror(struct tcb *tcp)
1004 {
1005         tcp->u_error = saved_u_error;
1006 }
1007
1008 #include "arch_regs.c"
1009
1010 #ifdef HAVE_GETRVAL2
1011 # include "arch_getrval2.c"
1012 #endif
1013
1014 void
1015 print_pc(struct tcb *tcp)
1016 {
1017 #if defined ARCH_PC_REG
1018 # define ARCH_GET_PC 0
1019 #elif defined ARCH_PC_PEEK_ADDR
1020         kernel_ulong_t pc;
1021 # define ARCH_PC_REG pc
1022 # define ARCH_GET_PC upeek(tcp->pid, ARCH_PC_PEEK_ADDR, &pc)
1023 #else
1024 # error Neither ARCH_PC_REG nor ARCH_PC_PEEK_ADDR is defined
1025 #endif
1026         if (get_regs(tcp->pid) < 0 || ARCH_GET_PC)
1027                 tprints(current_wordsize == 4 ? "[????????] "
1028                                               : "[????????????????] ");
1029         else
1030                 tprintf(current_wordsize == 4
1031                         ? "[%08" PRI_klx "] " : "[%016" PRI_klx "] ",
1032                         (kernel_ulong_t) ARCH_PC_REG);
1033 }
1034
1035 #include "getregs_old.h"
1036
1037 #undef ptrace_getregset_or_getregs
1038 #undef ptrace_setregset_or_setregs
1039 #ifdef ARCH_REGS_FOR_GETREGSET
1040
1041 # define ptrace_getregset_or_getregs ptrace_getregset
1042 static long
1043 ptrace_getregset(pid_t pid)
1044 {
1045 # ifdef ARCH_IOVEC_FOR_GETREGSET
1046         /* variable iovec */
1047         ARCH_IOVEC_FOR_GETREGSET.iov_len = sizeof(ARCH_REGS_FOR_GETREGSET);
1048         return ptrace(PTRACE_GETREGSET, pid, NT_PRSTATUS,
1049                       &ARCH_IOVEC_FOR_GETREGSET);
1050 # else
1051         /* constant iovec */
1052         static struct iovec io = {
1053                 .iov_base = &ARCH_REGS_FOR_GETREGSET,
1054                 .iov_len = sizeof(ARCH_REGS_FOR_GETREGSET)
1055         };
1056         return ptrace(PTRACE_GETREGSET, pid, NT_PRSTATUS, &io);
1057
1058 # endif
1059 }
1060
1061 # ifndef HAVE_GETREGS_OLD
1062 #  define ptrace_setregset_or_setregs ptrace_setregset
1063 static int
1064 ptrace_setregset(pid_t pid)
1065 {
1066 #  ifdef ARCH_IOVEC_FOR_GETREGSET
1067         /* variable iovec */
1068         return ptrace(PTRACE_SETREGSET, pid, NT_PRSTATUS,
1069                       &ARCH_IOVEC_FOR_GETREGSET);
1070 #  else
1071         /* constant iovec */
1072         static struct iovec io = {
1073                 .iov_base = &ARCH_REGS_FOR_GETREGSET,
1074                 .iov_len = sizeof(ARCH_REGS_FOR_GETREGSET)
1075         };
1076         return ptrace(PTRACE_SETREGSET, pid, NT_PRSTATUS, &io);
1077 #  endif
1078 }
1079 # endif /* !HAVE_GETREGS_OLD */
1080
1081 #elif defined ARCH_REGS_FOR_GETREGS
1082
1083 # define ptrace_getregset_or_getregs ptrace_getregs
1084 static long
1085 ptrace_getregs(pid_t pid)
1086 {
1087 # if defined SPARC || defined SPARC64
1088         /* SPARC systems have the meaning of data and addr reversed */
1089         return ptrace(PTRACE_GETREGS, pid, (void *) &ARCH_REGS_FOR_GETREGS, 0);
1090 # else
1091         return ptrace(PTRACE_GETREGS, pid, NULL, &ARCH_REGS_FOR_GETREGS);
1092 # endif
1093 }
1094
1095 # ifndef HAVE_GETREGS_OLD
1096 #  define ptrace_setregset_or_setregs ptrace_setregs
1097 static int
1098 ptrace_setregs(pid_t pid)
1099 {
1100 #  if defined SPARC || defined SPARC64
1101         /* SPARC systems have the meaning of data and addr reversed */
1102         return ptrace(PTRACE_SETREGS, pid, (void *) &ARCH_REGS_FOR_GETREGS, 0);
1103 #  else
1104         return ptrace(PTRACE_SETREGS, pid, NULL, &ARCH_REGS_FOR_GETREGS);
1105 #  endif
1106 }
1107 # endif /* !HAVE_GETREGS_OLD */
1108
1109 #endif /* ARCH_REGS_FOR_GETREGSET || ARCH_REGS_FOR_GETREGS */
1110
1111 #ifdef ptrace_getregset_or_getregs
1112 static long get_regs_error;
1113 #endif
1114
1115 void
1116 clear_regs(void)
1117 {
1118 #ifdef ptrace_getregset_or_getregs
1119         get_regs_error = -1;
1120 #endif
1121 }
1122
1123 static long
1124 get_regs(pid_t pid)
1125 {
1126 #ifdef ptrace_getregset_or_getregs
1127
1128         if (get_regs_error != -1)
1129                 return get_regs_error;
1130
1131 # ifdef HAVE_GETREGS_OLD
1132         /*
1133          * Try PTRACE_GETREGSET/PTRACE_GETREGS first,
1134          * fallback to getregs_old.
1135          */
1136         static int use_getregs_old;
1137         if (use_getregs_old < 0) {
1138                 return get_regs_error = ptrace_getregset_or_getregs(pid);
1139         } else if (use_getregs_old == 0) {
1140                 get_regs_error = ptrace_getregset_or_getregs(pid);
1141                 if (get_regs_error >= 0) {
1142                         use_getregs_old = -1;
1143                         return get_regs_error;
1144                 }
1145                 if (errno == EPERM || errno == ESRCH)
1146                         return get_regs_error;
1147                 use_getregs_old = 1;
1148         }
1149         return get_regs_error = getregs_old(pid);
1150 # else /* !HAVE_GETREGS_OLD */
1151         /* Assume that PTRACE_GETREGSET/PTRACE_GETREGS works. */
1152         return get_regs_error = ptrace_getregset_or_getregs(pid);
1153 # endif /* !HAVE_GETREGS_OLD */
1154
1155 #else /* !ptrace_getregset_or_getregs */
1156
1157 # warning get_regs is not implemented for this architecture yet
1158         return 0;
1159
1160 #endif /* !ptrace_getregset_or_getregs */
1161 }
1162
1163 #ifdef ptrace_setregset_or_setregs
1164 static int
1165 set_regs(pid_t pid)
1166 {
1167         return ptrace_setregset_or_setregs(pid);
1168 }
1169 #endif /* ptrace_setregset_or_setregs */
1170
1171 struct sysent_buf {
1172         struct tcb *tcp;
1173         struct_sysent ent;
1174         char buf[sizeof("syscall_%lu") + sizeof(kernel_ulong_t) * 3];
1175 };
1176
1177 static void
1178 free_sysent_buf(void *ptr)
1179 {
1180         struct sysent_buf *s = ptr;
1181         s->tcp->s_prev_ent = s->tcp->s_ent = NULL;
1182         free(ptr);
1183 }
1184
1185 /*
1186  * Returns:
1187  * 0: "ignore this ptrace stop", syscall_entering_decode() should return a "bail
1188  *    out silently" code.
1189  * 1: ok, continue in syscall_entering_decode().
1190  * other: error, syscall_entering_decode() should print error indicator
1191  *    ("????" etc) and return an appropriate code.
1192  */
1193 int
1194 get_scno(struct tcb *tcp)
1195 {
1196         if (get_regs(tcp->pid) < 0)
1197                 return -1;
1198
1199         int rc = arch_get_scno(tcp);
1200         if (rc != 1)
1201                 return rc;
1202
1203         if (scno_is_valid(tcp->scno)) {
1204                 tcp->s_ent = &sysent[tcp->scno];
1205                 tcp->qual_flg = qual_flags(tcp->scno);
1206         } else {
1207                 struct sysent_buf *s = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*s));
1208
1209                 s->tcp = tcp;
1210                 s->ent.nargs = MAX_ARGS;
1211                 s->ent.sen = SEN_printargs;
1212                 s->ent.sys_func = printargs;
1213                 s->ent.sys_name = s->buf;
1214                 sprintf(s->buf, "syscall_%" PRI_klu, shuffle_scno(tcp->scno));
1215
1216                 tcp->s_ent = &s->ent;
1217                 tcp->qual_flg = QUAL_RAW | DEFAULT_QUAL_FLAGS;
1218
1219                 set_tcb_priv_data(tcp, s, free_sysent_buf);
1220
1221                 debug_msg("pid %d invalid syscall %" PRI_kld,
1222                           tcp->pid, tcp->scno);
1223         }
1224         return 1;
1225 }
1226
1227 #ifndef ptrace_getregset_or_getregs
1228 static int get_syscall_result_regs(struct tcb *);
1229 #endif
1230
1231 /* Returns:
1232  * 1: ok, continue in syscall_exiting_trace().
1233  * -1: error, syscall_exiting_trace() should print error indicator
1234  *    ("????" etc) and bail out.
1235  */
1236 static int
1237 get_syscall_result(struct tcb *tcp)
1238 {
1239 #ifdef ptrace_getregset_or_getregs
1240         if (get_regs(tcp->pid) < 0)
1241                 return -1;
1242 #else
1243         if (get_syscall_result_regs(tcp))
1244                 return -1;
1245 #endif
1246         tcp->u_error = 0;
1247         get_error(tcp, !(tcp->s_ent->sys_flags & SYSCALL_NEVER_FAILS));
1248
1249         return 1;
1250 }
1251
1252 #include "get_scno.c"
1253 #include "set_scno.c"
1254 #include "get_syscall_args.c"
1255 #ifndef ptrace_getregset_or_getregs
1256 # include "get_syscall_result.c"
1257 #endif
1258 #include "get_error.c"
1259 #include "set_error.c"
1260 #ifdef HAVE_GETREGS_OLD
1261 # include "getregs_old.c"
1262 #endif
1263
1264 const char *
1265 syscall_name(kernel_ulong_t scno)
1266 {
1267 #if defined X32_PERSONALITY_NUMBER && defined __X32_SYSCALL_BIT
1268         if (current_personality == X32_PERSONALITY_NUMBER)
1269                 scno &= ~__X32_SYSCALL_BIT;
1270 #endif
1271         return scno_is_valid(scno) ? sysent[scno].sys_name : NULL;
1272 }