1 /* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
2 * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
3 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
4 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
5 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
6 * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
8 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14 * limitations under the License.
18 ** This program is based on ZeusBench V1.0 written by Adam Twiss
19 ** which is Copyright (c) 1996 by Zeus Technology Ltd. http://www.zeustech.net/
21 ** This software is provided "as is" and any express or implied waranties,
22 ** including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and
23 ** fitness for a particular purpose are disclaimed. In no event shall
24 ** Zeus Technology Ltd. be liable for any direct, indirect, incidental, special,
25 ** exemplary, or consequential damaged (including, but not limited to,
26 ** procurement of substitute good or services; loss of use, data, or profits;
27 ** or business interruption) however caused and on theory of liability. Whether
28 ** in contract, strict liability or tort (including negligence or otherwise)
29 ** arising in any way out of the use of this software, even if advised of the
30 ** possibility of such damage.
36 ** - Originally written by Adam Twiss <adam@zeus.co.uk>, March 1996
37 ** with input from Mike Belshe <mbelshe@netscape.com> and
38 ** Michael Campanella <campanella@stevms.enet.dec.com>
39 ** - Enhanced by Dean Gaudet <dgaudet@apache.org>, November 1997
40 ** - Cleaned up by Ralf S. Engelschall <rse@apache.org>, March 1998
41 ** - POST and verbosity by Kurt Sussman <kls@merlot.com>, August 1998
42 ** - HTML table output added by David N. Welton <davidw@prosa.it>, January 1999
43 ** - Added Cookie, Arbitrary header and auth support. <dirkx@webweaving.org>, April 1999
45 ** - Increased version number - as some of the socket/error handling has
46 ** fundamentally changed - and will give fundamentally different results
47 ** in situations where a server is dropping requests. Therefore you can
48 ** no longer compare results of AB as easily. Hence the inc of the version.
49 ** They should be closer to the truth though. Sander & <dirkx@covalent.net>, End 2000.
50 ** - Fixed proxy functionality, added median/mean statistics, added gnuplot
51 ** output option, added _experimental/rudimentary_ SSL support. Added
52 ** confidence guestimators and warnings. Sander & <dirkx@covalent.net>, End 2000
53 ** - Fixed serious int overflow issues which would cause realistic (longer
54 ** than a few minutes) run's to have wrong (but believable) results. Added
55 ** trapping of connection errors which influenced measurements.
56 ** Contributed by Sander Temme, Early 2001
58 ** - Changed timeout behavour during write to work whilst the sockets
59 ** are filling up and apr_write() does writes a few - but not all.
60 ** This will potentially change results. <dirkx@webweaving.org>, April 2001
62 ** Improvements to concurrent processing:
63 ** - Enabled non-blocking connect()s.
64 ** - Prevent blocking calls to apr_socket_recv() (thereby allowing AB to
65 ** manage its entire set of socket descriptors).
66 ** - Any error returned from apr_socket_recv() that is not EAGAIN or EOF
67 ** is now treated as fatal.
68 ** Contributed by Aaron Bannert, April 24, 2002
71 ** Internalized the version string - this string is part
72 ** of the Agent: header and the result output.
75 ** Adopted SSL code by Madhu Mathihalli <madhusudan_mathihalli@hp.com>
76 ** [PATCH] ab with SSL support Posted Wed, 15 Aug 2001 20:55:06 GMT
77 ** Introduces four 'if (int == value)' tests per non-ssl request.
80 ** Switched to the new abstract pollset API, allowing ab to
81 ** take advantage of future apr_pollset_t scalability improvements.
82 ** Contributed by Brian Pane, August 31, 2002
85 ** SIGINT now triggers output_results().
86 ** Contributed by colm, March 30, 2006
89 /* Note: this version string should start with \d+[\d\.]* and be a valid
90 * string for an HTTP Agent: header when prefixed with 'ApacheBench/'.
91 * It should reflect the version of AB - and not that of the apache server
92 * it happens to accompany. And it should be updated or changed whenever
93 * the results are no longer fundamentally comparable to the results of
94 * a previous version of ab. Either due to a change in the logic of
95 * ab - or to due to a change in the distribution it is compiled with
96 * (such as an APR change in for example blocking).
98 #define AP_AB_BASEREVISION "2.3"
104 * - has various other poor buffer attacks related to the lazy parsing of
105 * response headers from the server
106 * - doesn't implement much of HTTP/1.x, only accepts certain forms of
108 * - (performance problem) heavy use of strstr shows up top in profile
109 * only an issue for loopback usage
112 /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
115 /* Hmmm... This source code isn't being compiled in ASCII.
116 * In order for data that flows over the network to make
117 * sense, we need to translate to/from ASCII.
122 /* affects include files on Solaris */
126 #include "apr_signal.h"
127 #include "apr_strings.h"
128 #include "apr_network_io.h"
129 #include "apr_file_io.h"
130 #include "apr_time.h"
131 #include "apr_getopt.h"
132 #include "apr_general.h"
134 #include "apr_portable.h"
135 #include "ap_release.h"
136 #include "apr_poll.h"
138 #define APR_WANT_STRFUNC
139 #include "apr_want.h"
141 #include "apr_base64.h"
143 #include "apr_xlate.h"
148 #if APR_HAVE_STDLIB_H
151 #if APR_HAVE_UNISTD_H
152 #include <unistd.h> /* for getpid() */
155 #if !defined(WIN32) && !defined(NETWARE)
156 #include "ap_config_auto.h"
159 #if defined(HAVE_SSLC)
161 /* Libraries for RSA SSL-C */
171 #define SK_NUM(x) sk_num(x)
172 #define SK_VALUE(x,y) sk_value(x,y)
173 typedef STACK X509_STACK_TYPE;
175 #elif defined(HAVE_OPENSSL)
177 /* Libraries on most systems.. */
178 #include <openssl/rsa.h>
179 #include <openssl/crypto.h>
180 #include <openssl/x509.h>
181 #include <openssl/pem.h>
182 #include <openssl/err.h>
183 #include <openssl/ssl.h>
184 #include <openssl/rand.h>
186 #define SK_NUM(x) sk_X509_num(x)
187 #define SK_VALUE(x,y) sk_X509_value(x,y)
188 typedef STACK_OF(X509) X509_STACK_TYPE;
197 /* ------------------- DEFINITIONS -------------------------- */
200 #define AB_MAX APR_INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff)
202 #define AB_MAX LLONG_MAX
205 /* maximum number of requests on a time limited test */
206 #define MAX_REQUESTS 50000
208 /* good old state hostname */
209 #define STATE_UNCONNECTED 0
210 #define STATE_CONNECTING 1 /* TCP connect initiated, but we don't
211 * know if it worked yet
213 #define STATE_CONNECTED 2 /* we know TCP connect completed */
216 #define CBUFFSIZE (2048)
220 apr_socket_t *aprsock;
222 apr_size_t read; /* amount of bytes read */
223 apr_size_t bread; /* amount of body read */
224 apr_size_t rwrite, rwrote; /* keep pointers in what we write - across
226 apr_size_t length; /* Content-Length value used for keep-alive */
227 char cbuff[CBUFFSIZE]; /* a buffer to store server response header */
228 int cbx; /* offset in cbuffer */
229 int keepalive; /* non-zero if a keep-alive request */
230 int gotheader; /* non-zero if we have the entire header in
232 apr_time_t start, /* Start of connection */
233 connect, /* Connected, start writing */
234 endwrite, /* Request written */
235 beginread, /* First byte of input */
236 done; /* Connection closed */
245 int read; /* number of bytes read */
246 apr_time_t starttime; /* start time of connection in seconds since
248 apr_interval_time_t waittime; /* Between writing request and reading
250 apr_interval_time_t ctime; /* time in ms to connect */
251 apr_interval_time_t time; /* time in ms for connection */
254 #define ap_min(a,b) ((a)<(b))?(a):(b)
255 #define ap_max(a,b) ((a)>(b))?(a):(b)
256 #define MAX_CONCURRENCY 20000
258 /* --------------------- GLOBALS ---------------------------- */
260 int verbosity = 0; /* no verbosity by default */
261 int recverrok = 0; /* ok to proceed after socket receive errors */
262 int posting = 0; /* GET by default */
263 int requests = 1; /* Number of requests to make */
264 int heartbeatres = 100; /* How often do we say we're alive */
265 int concurrency = 1; /* Number of multiple requests to make */
266 int percentile = 1; /* Show percentile served */
267 int confidence = 1; /* Show confidence estimator and warnings */
268 int tlimit = 0; /* time limit in secs */
269 int keepalive = 0; /* try and do keepalive connections */
270 int windowsize = 0; /* we use the OS default window size */
271 char servername[1024]; /* name that server reports */
272 char *hostname; /* host name from URL */
273 char *host_field; /* value of "Host:" header field */
274 char *path; /* path name */
275 char postfile[1024]; /* name of file containing post data */
276 char *postdata; /* *buffer containing data from postfile */
277 apr_size_t postlen = 0; /* length of data to be POSTed */
278 char content_type[1024];/* content type to put in POST header */
279 char *cookie, /* optional cookie line */
280 *auth, /* optional (basic/uuencoded) auhentication */
281 *hdrs; /* optional arbitrary headers */
282 apr_port_t port; /* port number */
283 char proxyhost[1024]; /* proxy host name */
284 int proxyport = 0; /* proxy port */
286 apr_port_t connectport;
287 char *gnuplot; /* GNUplot file */
288 char *csvperc; /* CSV Percentile file */
290 char * fullurl, * colonhost;
292 apr_interval_time_t aprtimeout = apr_time_from_sec(30); /* timeout value */
294 /* overrides for ab-generated common headers */
295 int opt_host = 0; /* was an optional "Host:" header specified? */
296 int opt_useragent = 0; /* was an optional "User-Agent:" header specified? */
297 int opt_accept = 0; /* was an optional "Accept:" header specified? */
299 * XXX - this is now a per read/write transact type of value
302 int use_html = 0; /* use html in the report */
303 const char *tablestring;
304 const char *trstring;
305 const char *tdstring;
307 apr_size_t doclen = 0; /* the length the document should be */
308 long started = 0; /* number of requests started, so no excess */
309 long totalread = 0; /* total number of bytes read */
310 long totalbread = 0; /* totoal amount of entity body read */
311 long totalposted = 0; /* total number of bytes posted, inc. headers */
312 long done = 0; /* number of requests we have done */
313 long doneka = 0; /* number of keep alive connections done */
314 long good = 0, bad = 0; /* number of good and bad requests */
315 long epipe = 0; /* number of broken pipe writes */
320 char *ssl_cipher = NULL;
321 char *ssl_info = NULL;
322 BIO *bio_out,*bio_err;
325 /* store error cases */
326 int err_length = 0, err_conn = 0, err_recv = 0, err_except = 0;
327 int err_response = 0;
329 apr_time_t start, endtime;
331 /* global request (and its length) */
333 char *request = _request;
336 /* one global throw-away buffer to read stuff into */
339 /* interesting percentiles */
340 int percs[] = {50, 66, 75, 80, 90, 95, 98, 99, 100};
342 struct connection *con; /* connection array */
343 struct data *stats; /* date for each request */
346 apr_pollset_t *readbits;
348 apr_sockaddr_t *destsa;
351 apr_xlate_t *from_ascii, *to_ascii;
354 static void write_request(struct connection * c);
355 static void close_connection(struct connection * c);
357 /* --------------------------------------------------------- */
359 /* simple little function to write an error string and exit */
361 static void err(char *s)
363 fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", s);
365 printf("Total of %ld requests completed\n" , done);
369 /* simple little function to write an APR error string and exit */
371 static void apr_err(char *s, apr_status_t rv)
377 s, apr_strerror(rv, buf, sizeof buf), rv);
379 printf("Total of %ld requests completed\n" , done);
383 /* --------------------------------------------------------- */
384 /* write out request to a connection - assumes we can write
385 * (small) request out in one go into our new socket buffer
389 static long ssl_print_cb(BIO *bio,int cmd,const char *argp,int argi,long argl,long ret)
393 out=(BIO *)BIO_get_callback_arg(bio);
394 if (out == NULL) return(ret);
396 if (cmd == (BIO_CB_READ|BIO_CB_RETURN)) {
397 BIO_printf(out,"read from %p [%p] (%d bytes => %ld (0x%lX))\n",
398 bio, argp, argi, ret, ret);
399 BIO_dump(out,(char *)argp,(int)ret);
402 else if (cmd == (BIO_CB_WRITE|BIO_CB_RETURN)) {
403 BIO_printf(out,"write to %p [%p] (%d bytes => %ld (0x%lX))\n",
404 bio, argp, argi, ret, ret);
405 BIO_dump(out,(char *)argp,(int)ret);
410 static void ssl_state_cb(const SSL *s, int w, int r)
412 if (w & SSL_CB_ALERT) {
413 BIO_printf(bio_err, "SSL/TLS Alert [%s] %s:%s\n",
414 (w & SSL_CB_READ ? "read" : "write"),
415 SSL_alert_type_string_long(r),
416 SSL_alert_desc_string_long(r));
417 } else if (w & SSL_CB_LOOP) {
418 BIO_printf(bio_err, "SSL/TLS State [%s] %s\n",
419 (SSL_in_connect_init((SSL*)s) ? "connect" : "-"),
420 SSL_state_string_long(s));
421 } else if (w & (SSL_CB_HANDSHAKE_START|SSL_CB_HANDSHAKE_DONE)) {
422 BIO_printf(bio_err, "SSL/TLS Handshake [%s] %s\n",
423 (w & SSL_CB_HANDSHAKE_START ? "Start" : "Done"),
424 SSL_state_string_long(s));
430 #define RAND_MAX INT_MAX
433 static int ssl_rand_choosenum(int l, int h)
438 srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
439 apr_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.0f",
440 (((double)(rand()%RAND_MAX)/RAND_MAX)*(h-l)));
447 static void ssl_rand_seed(void)
453 unsigned char stackdata[256];
456 * seed in the current time (usually just 4 bytes)
460 RAND_seed((unsigned char *)&t, l);
464 * seed in the current process id (usually just 4 bytes)
468 RAND_seed((unsigned char *)&pid, l);
472 * seed in some current state of the run-time stack (128 bytes)
474 n = ssl_rand_choosenum(0, sizeof(stackdata)-128-1);
475 RAND_seed(stackdata+n, 128);
479 static int ssl_print_connection_info(BIO *bio, SSL *ssl)
484 c = SSL_get_current_cipher(ssl);
485 BIO_printf(bio,"Cipher Suite Protocol :%s\n", SSL_CIPHER_get_version(c));
486 BIO_printf(bio,"Cipher Suite Name :%s\n",SSL_CIPHER_get_name(c));
488 bits = SSL_CIPHER_get_bits(c,&alg_bits);
489 BIO_printf(bio,"Cipher Suite Cipher Bits:%d (%d)\n",bits,alg_bits);
494 static void ssl_print_cert_info(BIO *bio, X509 *cert)
499 BIO_printf(bio, "Certificate version: %ld\n", X509_get_version(cert)+1);
500 BIO_printf(bio,"Valid from: ");
501 ASN1_UTCTIME_print(bio, X509_get_notBefore(cert));
502 BIO_printf(bio,"\n");
504 BIO_printf(bio,"Valid to : ");
505 ASN1_UTCTIME_print(bio, X509_get_notAfter(cert));
506 BIO_printf(bio,"\n");
508 BIO_printf(bio,"Public key is %d bits\n",
509 EVP_PKEY_bits(X509_get_pubkey(cert)));
511 dn = X509_get_issuer_name(cert);
512 X509_NAME_oneline(dn, buf, sizeof(buf));
513 BIO_printf(bio,"The issuer name is %s\n", buf);
515 dn=X509_get_subject_name(cert);
516 X509_NAME_oneline(dn, buf, sizeof(buf));
517 BIO_printf(bio,"The subject name is %s\n", buf);
519 /* dump the extension list too */
520 BIO_printf(bio, "Extension Count: %d\n", X509_get_ext_count(cert));
523 static void ssl_print_info(struct connection *c)
529 BIO_printf(bio_err, "\n");
530 sk = SSL_get_peer_cert_chain(c->ssl);
531 if ((count = SK_NUM(sk)) > 0) {
533 for (i=1; i<count; i++) {
534 cert = (X509 *)SK_VALUE(sk, i);
535 ssl_print_cert_info(bio_out, cert);
539 cert = SSL_get_peer_certificate(c->ssl);
541 BIO_printf(bio_out, "Anon DH\n");
543 BIO_printf(bio_out, "Peer certificate\n");
544 ssl_print_cert_info(bio_out, cert);
547 ssl_print_connection_info(bio_err,c->ssl);
548 SSL_SESSION_print(bio_err, SSL_get_session(c->ssl));
551 static void ssl_proceed_handshake(struct connection *c)
557 apr_pollfd_t new_pollfd;
559 ret = SSL_do_handshake(c->ssl);
560 ecode = SSL_get_error(c->ssl, ret);
566 if (ssl_info == NULL) {
569 int sk_bits, pk_bits, swork;
571 ci = SSL_get_current_cipher(c->ssl);
572 sk_bits = SSL_CIPHER_get_bits(ci, &swork);
573 cert = SSL_get_peer_certificate(c->ssl);
575 pk_bits = EVP_PKEY_bits(X509_get_pubkey(cert));
577 pk_bits = 0; /* Anon DH */
579 ssl_info = malloc(128);
580 apr_snprintf(ssl_info, 128, "%s,%s,%d,%d",
581 SSL_CIPHER_get_version(ci),
582 SSL_CIPHER_get_name(ci),
588 case SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ:
589 new_pollfd.desc_type = APR_POLL_SOCKET;
590 new_pollfd.reqevents = APR_POLLIN;
591 new_pollfd.desc.s = c->aprsock;
592 new_pollfd.client_data = c;
593 apr_pollset_add(readbits, &new_pollfd);
596 case SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE:
600 case SSL_ERROR_WANT_CONNECT:
602 case SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL:
603 /* Unexpected result */
604 BIO_printf(bio_err, "SSL handshake failed (%d).\n", ecode);
605 ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
615 static void write_request(struct connection * c)
618 apr_time_t tnow = apr_time_now();
619 apr_size_t l = c->rwrite;
620 apr_status_t e = APR_SUCCESS; /* prevent gcc warning */
625 if (c->rwrite == 0) {
626 apr_socket_timeout_set(c->aprsock, 0);
631 c->rwrite += postlen;
633 else if (tnow > c->connect + aprtimeout) {
634 printf("Send request timed out!\n");
642 e_ssl = SSL_write(c->ssl,request + c->rwrote, l);
644 BIO_printf(bio_err, "SSL write failed - closing connection\n");
645 ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
646 close_connection (c);
654 e = apr_socket_send(c->aprsock, request + c->rwrote, &l);
657 * Bail early on the most common case
662 if (e != APR_SUCCESS) {
664 * Let's hope this traps EWOULDBLOCK too !
666 if (!APR_STATUS_IS_EAGAIN(e)) {
668 printf("Send request failed!\n");
677 totalposted += c->rwrite;
678 c->state = STATE_READ;
679 c->endwrite = apr_time_now();
681 apr_pollfd_t new_pollfd;
682 new_pollfd.desc_type = APR_POLL_SOCKET;
683 new_pollfd.reqevents = APR_POLLIN;
684 new_pollfd.desc.s = c->aprsock;
685 new_pollfd.client_data = c;
686 apr_pollset_add(readbits, &new_pollfd);
690 /* --------------------------------------------------------- */
692 /* calculate and output results */
694 static int compradre(struct data * a, struct data * b)
696 if ((a->ctime) < (b->ctime))
698 if ((a->ctime) > (b->ctime))
703 static int comprando(struct data * a, struct data * b)
705 if ((a->time) < (b->time))
707 if ((a->time) > (b->time))
712 static int compri(struct data * a, struct data * b)
714 apr_interval_time_t p = a->time - a->ctime;
715 apr_interval_time_t q = b->time - b->ctime;
723 static int compwait(struct data * a, struct data * b)
725 if ((a->waittime) < (b->waittime))
727 if ((a->waittime) > (b->waittime))
732 static void output_results(int sig)
734 apr_interval_time_t timetakenusec;
737 /* If ab was interrupted, we are only interested in requests
741 requests = done + bad;
744 endtime = apr_time_now();
745 timetakenusec = endtime - start;
746 timetaken = ((float)apr_time_sec(timetakenusec)) +
747 ((float)apr_time_usec(timetakenusec)) / 1000000.0F;
750 printf("Server Software: %s\n", servername);
751 printf("Server Hostname: %s\n", hostname);
752 printf("Server Port: %hu\n", port);
754 if (is_ssl && ssl_info) {
755 printf("SSL/TLS Protocol: %s\n", ssl_info);
759 printf("Document Path: %s\n", path);
760 printf("Document Length: %" APR_SIZE_T_FMT " bytes\n", doclen);
762 printf("Concurrency Level: %d\n", concurrency);
763 printf("Time taken for tests: %ld.%03ld seconds\n",
764 (long) apr_time_sec(timetakenusec),
765 (long) apr_time_usec(timetakenusec));
766 printf("Complete requests: %ld\n", done);
767 printf("Failed requests: %ld\n", bad);
769 printf(" (Connect: %d, Receive: %d, Length: %d, Exceptions: %d)\n",
770 err_conn, err_recv, err_length, err_except);
771 printf("Write errors: %ld\n", epipe);
773 printf("Non-2xx responses: %d\n", err_response);
775 printf("Keep-Alive requests: %ld\n", doneka);
776 printf("Total transferred: %ld bytes\n", totalread);
778 printf("Total POSTed: %ld\n", totalposted);
779 printf("HTML transferred: %ld bytes\n", totalbread);
781 /* avoid divide by zero */
783 printf("Requests per second: %.2f [#/sec] (mean)\n",
784 (float) (done / timetaken));
785 printf("Time per request: %.3f [ms] (mean)\n",
786 (float) (1000 * concurrency * timetaken / done));
787 printf("Time per request: %.3f [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)\n",
788 (float) (1000 * timetaken / done));
789 printf("Transfer rate: %.2f [Kbytes/sec] received\n",
790 (float) (totalread / 1024 / timetaken));
792 printf(" %.2f kb/s sent\n",
793 (float) (totalposted / timetaken / 1024));
794 printf(" %.2f kb/s total\n",
795 (float) ((totalread + totalposted) / timetaken / 1024));
800 /* work out connection times */
802 apr_time_t totalcon = 0, total = 0, totald = 0, totalwait = 0;
803 apr_time_t meancon, meantot, meand, meanwait;
804 apr_interval_time_t mincon = AB_MAX, mintot = AB_MAX, mind = AB_MAX,
806 apr_interval_time_t maxcon = 0, maxtot = 0, maxd = 0, maxwait = 0;
807 apr_interval_time_t mediancon = 0, mediantot = 0, mediand = 0, medianwait = 0;
808 double sdtot = 0, sdcon = 0, sdd = 0, sdwait = 0;
810 for (i = 0; i < requests; i++) {
811 struct data s = stats[i];
812 mincon = ap_min(mincon, s.ctime);
813 mintot = ap_min(mintot, s.time);
814 mind = ap_min(mind, s.time - s.ctime);
815 minwait = ap_min(minwait, s.waittime);
817 maxcon = ap_max(maxcon, s.ctime);
818 maxtot = ap_max(maxtot, s.time);
819 maxd = ap_max(maxd, s.time - s.ctime);
820 maxwait = ap_max(maxwait, s.waittime);
824 totald += s.time - s.ctime;
825 totalwait += s.waittime;
827 meancon = totalcon / requests;
828 meantot = total / requests;
829 meand = totald / requests;
830 meanwait = totalwait / requests;
832 /* calculating the sample variance: the sum of the squared deviations, divided by n-1 */
833 for (i = 0; i < requests; i++) {
834 struct data s = stats[i];
836 a = ((double)s.time - meantot);
838 a = ((double)s.ctime - meancon);
840 a = ((double)s.time - (double)s.ctime - meand);
842 a = ((double)s.waittime - meanwait);
846 sdtot = (requests > 1) ? sqrt(sdtot / (requests - 1)) : 0;
847 sdcon = (requests > 1) ? sqrt(sdcon / (requests - 1)) : 0;
848 sdd = (requests > 1) ? sqrt(sdd / (requests - 1)) : 0;
849 sdwait = (requests > 1) ? sqrt(sdwait / (requests - 1)) : 0;
852 FILE *out = fopen(gnuplot, "w");
855 char tmstring[1024];/* XXXX */
857 perror("Cannot open gnuplot output file");
860 fprintf(out, "starttime\tseconds\tctime\tdtime\tttime\twait\n");
861 for (i = 0; i < requests; i++) {
862 apr_time_t diff = stats[i].time - stats[i].ctime;
864 sttime = stats[i].starttime;
865 (void) apr_ctime(tmstring, sttime);
866 fprintf(out, "%s\t%" APR_TIME_T_FMT "\t%" APR_TIME_T_FMT "\t%" APR_TIME_T_FMT "\t%" APR_TIME_T_FMT "\t%" APR_TIME_T_FMT "\n",
877 * XXX: what is better; this hideous cast of the compradre function; or
878 * the four warnings during compile ? dirkx just does not know and
881 qsort(stats, requests, sizeof(struct data),
882 (int (*) (const void *, const void *)) compradre);
883 if ((requests > 1) && (requests % 2))
884 mediancon = (stats[requests / 2].ctime + stats[requests / 2 + 1].ctime) / 2;
886 mediancon = stats[requests / 2].ctime;
888 qsort(stats, requests, sizeof(struct data),
889 (int (*) (const void *, const void *)) compri);
890 if ((requests > 1) && (requests % 2))
891 mediand = (stats[requests / 2].time + stats[requests / 2 + 1].time \
892 -stats[requests / 2].ctime - stats[requests / 2 + 1].ctime) / 2;
894 mediand = stats[requests / 2].time - stats[requests / 2].ctime;
896 qsort(stats, requests, sizeof(struct data),
897 (int (*) (const void *, const void *)) compwait);
898 if ((requests > 1) && (requests % 2))
899 medianwait = (stats[requests / 2].waittime + stats[requests / 2 + 1].waittime) / 2;
901 medianwait = stats[requests / 2].waittime;
903 qsort(stats, requests, sizeof(struct data),
904 (int (*) (const void *, const void *)) comprando);
905 if ((requests > 1) && (requests % 2))
906 mediantot = (stats[requests / 2].time + stats[requests / 2 + 1].time) / 2;
908 mediantot = stats[requests / 2].time;
910 printf("\nConnection Times (ms)\n");
913 #define CONF_FMT_STRING "%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT " %4d %5.1f %6" APR_TIME_T_FMT " %7" APR_TIME_T_FMT "\n"
914 printf(" min mean[+/-sd] median max\n");
915 printf("Connect: " CONF_FMT_STRING,
916 mincon, (int) (meancon + 0.5), sdcon, mediancon, maxcon);
917 printf("Processing: " CONF_FMT_STRING,
918 mind, (int) (meand + 0.5), sdd, mediand, maxd);
919 printf("Waiting: " CONF_FMT_STRING,
920 minwait, (int) (meanwait + 0.5), sdwait, medianwait, maxwait);
921 printf("Total: " CONF_FMT_STRING,
922 mintot, (int) (meantot + 0.5), sdtot, mediantot, maxtot);
923 #undef CONF_FMT_STRING
925 #define SANE(what,mean,median,sd) \
927 double d = (double)mean - median; \
930 printf("ERROR: The median and mean for " what " are more than twice the standard\n" \
931 " deviation apart. These results are NOT reliable.\n"); \
933 printf("WARNING: The median and mean for " what " are not within a normal deviation\n" \
934 " These results are probably not that reliable.\n"); \
936 SANE("the initial connection time", meancon, mediancon, sdcon);
937 SANE("the processing time", meand, mediand, sdd);
938 SANE("the waiting time", meanwait, medianwait, sdwait);
939 SANE("the total time", meantot, mediantot, sdtot);
942 printf(" min avg max\n");
943 #define CONF_FMT_STRING "%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT " %5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "\n"
944 printf("Connect: " CONF_FMT_STRING,
945 mincon, meancon, maxcon);
946 printf("Processing: " CONF_FMT_STRING,
947 mintot - mincon, meantot - meancon, maxtot - maxcon);
948 printf("Total: " CONF_FMT_STRING,
949 mintot, meantot, maxtot);
950 #undef CONF_FMT_STRING
954 /* Sorted on total connect times */
955 if (percentile && (requests > 1)) {
956 printf("\nPercentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)\n");
957 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(percs) / sizeof(int); i++) {
959 printf(" 0%% <0> (never)\n");
960 else if (percs[i] >= 100)
961 printf(" 100%% %5" APR_TIME_T_FMT " (longest request)\n",
962 stats[requests - 1].time);
964 printf(" %d%% %5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "\n", percs[i],
965 stats[(int) (requests * percs[i] / 100)].time);
969 FILE *out = fopen(csvperc, "w");
972 perror("Cannot open CSV output file");
975 fprintf(out, "" "Percentage served" "," "Time in ms" "\n");
976 for (i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
981 t = stats[requests - 1].time;
983 t = stats[(int) (0.5 + requests * i / 100.0)].time;
984 fprintf(out, "%d,%e\n", i, (double)t);
996 /* --------------------------------------------------------- */
998 /* calculate and output results in HTML */
1000 static void output_html_results(void)
1004 endtime = apr_time_now();
1005 timetaken = (long)((endtime - start) / 1000);
1007 printf("\n\n<table %s>\n", tablestring);
1008 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Server Software:</th>"
1009 "<td colspan=2 %s>%s</td></tr>\n",
1010 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, servername);
1011 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Server Hostname:</th>"
1012 "<td colspan=2 %s>%s</td></tr>\n",
1013 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, hostname);
1014 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Server Port:</th>"
1015 "<td colspan=2 %s>%hu</td></tr>\n",
1016 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, port);
1017 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Document Path:</th>"
1018 "<td colspan=2 %s>%s</td></tr>\n",
1019 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, path);
1020 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Document Length:</th>"
1021 "<td colspan=2 %s>%" APR_SIZE_T_FMT " bytes</td></tr>\n",
1022 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, doclen);
1023 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Concurrency Level:</th>"
1024 "<td colspan=2 %s>%d</td></tr>\n",
1025 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, concurrency);
1026 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Time taken for tests:</th>"
1027 "<td colspan=2 %s>%" APR_INT64_T_FMT ".%03ld seconds</td></tr>\n",
1028 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, apr_time_sec(timetaken),
1029 (long)apr_time_usec(timetaken));
1030 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Complete requests:</th>"
1031 "<td colspan=2 %s>%ld</td></tr>\n",
1032 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, done);
1033 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Failed requests:</th>"
1034 "<td colspan=2 %s>%ld</td></tr>\n",
1035 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, bad);
1037 printf("<tr %s><td colspan=4 %s > (Connect: %d, Length: %d, Exceptions: %d)</td></tr>\n",
1038 trstring, tdstring, err_conn, err_length, err_except);
1040 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Non-2xx responses:</th>"
1041 "<td colspan=2 %s>%d</td></tr>\n",
1042 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, err_response);
1044 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Keep-Alive requests:</th>"
1045 "<td colspan=2 %s>%ld</td></tr>\n",
1046 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, doneka);
1047 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Total transferred:</th>"
1048 "<td colspan=2 %s>%ld bytes</td></tr>\n",
1049 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, totalread);
1051 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Total POSTed:</th>"
1052 "<td colspan=2 %s>%ld</td></tr>\n",
1053 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, totalposted);
1054 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>HTML transferred:</th>"
1055 "<td colspan=2 %s>%ld bytes</td></tr>\n",
1056 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, totalbread);
1058 /* avoid divide by zero */
1060 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Requests per second:</th>"
1061 "<td colspan=2 %s>%.2f</td></tr>\n",
1062 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, 1000 * (float) (done) / timetaken);
1063 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Transfer rate:</th>"
1064 "<td colspan=2 %s>%.2f kb/s received</td></tr>\n",
1065 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, (float) (totalread) / timetaken);
1067 printf("<tr %s><td colspan=2 %s> </td>"
1068 "<td colspan=2 %s>%.2f kb/s sent</td></tr>\n",
1069 trstring, tdstring, tdstring,
1070 (float) (totalposted) / timetaken);
1071 printf("<tr %s><td colspan=2 %s> </td>"
1072 "<td colspan=2 %s>%.2f kb/s total</td></tr>\n",
1073 trstring, tdstring, tdstring,
1074 (float) (totalread + totalposted) / timetaken);
1078 /* work out connection times */
1080 apr_interval_time_t totalcon = 0, total = 0;
1081 apr_interval_time_t mincon = AB_MAX, mintot = AB_MAX;
1082 apr_interval_time_t maxcon = 0, maxtot = 0;
1084 for (i = 0; i < requests; i++) {
1085 struct data s = stats[i];
1086 mincon = ap_min(mincon, s.ctime);
1087 mintot = ap_min(mintot, s.time);
1088 maxcon = ap_max(maxcon, s.ctime);
1089 maxtot = ap_max(maxtot, s.time);
1090 totalcon += s.ctime;
1094 if (requests > 0) { /* avoid division by zero (if 0 requests) */
1095 printf("<tr %s><th %s colspan=4>Connnection Times (ms)</th></tr>\n",
1096 trstring, tdstring);
1097 printf("<tr %s><th %s> </th> <th %s>min</th> <th %s>avg</th> <th %s>max</th></tr>\n",
1098 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, tdstring, tdstring);
1099 printf("<tr %s><th %s>Connect:</th>"
1100 "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td>"
1101 "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td>"
1102 "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td></tr>\n",
1103 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, mincon, tdstring, totalcon / requests, tdstring, maxcon);
1104 printf("<tr %s><th %s>Processing:</th>"
1105 "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td>"
1106 "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td>"
1107 "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td></tr>\n",
1108 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, mintot - mincon, tdstring,
1109 (total / requests) - (totalcon / requests), tdstring, maxtot - maxcon);
1110 printf("<tr %s><th %s>Total:</th>"
1111 "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td>"
1112 "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td>"
1113 "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td></tr>\n",
1114 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, mintot, tdstring, total / requests, tdstring, maxtot);
1116 printf("</table>\n");
1120 /* --------------------------------------------------------- */
1122 /* start asnchronous non-blocking connection */
1124 static void start_connect(struct connection * c)
1128 if (!(started < requests))
1138 apr_pool_destroy(c->ctx);
1139 apr_pool_create(&c->ctx, cntxt);
1141 if ((rv = apr_socket_create(&c->aprsock, destsa->family,
1142 SOCK_STREAM, 0, c->ctx)) != APR_SUCCESS) {
1143 apr_err("socket", rv);
1145 if ((rv = apr_socket_opt_set(c->aprsock, APR_SO_NONBLOCK, 1))
1147 apr_err("socket nonblock", rv);
1150 if (windowsize != 0) {
1151 rv = apr_socket_opt_set(c->aprsock, APR_SO_SNDBUF,
1153 if (rv != APR_SUCCESS && rv != APR_ENOTIMPL) {
1154 apr_err("socket send buffer", rv);
1156 rv = apr_socket_opt_set(c->aprsock, APR_SO_RCVBUF,
1158 if (rv != APR_SUCCESS && rv != APR_ENOTIMPL) {
1159 apr_err("socket receive buffer", rv);
1163 c->start = apr_time_now();
1169 if ((c->ssl = SSL_new(ssl_ctx)) == NULL) {
1170 BIO_printf(bio_err, "SSL_new failed.\n");
1171 ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
1175 apr_os_sock_get(&fd, c->aprsock);
1176 bio = BIO_new_socket(fd, BIO_NOCLOSE);
1177 SSL_set_bio(c->ssl, bio, bio);
1178 SSL_set_connect_state(c->ssl);
1179 if (verbosity >= 4) {
1180 BIO_set_callback(bio, ssl_print_cb);
1181 BIO_set_callback_arg(bio, bio_err);
1187 if ((rv = apr_socket_connect(c->aprsock, destsa)) != APR_SUCCESS) {
1188 if (APR_STATUS_IS_EINPROGRESS(rv)) {
1189 apr_pollfd_t new_pollfd;
1190 c->state = STATE_CONNECTING;
1192 new_pollfd.desc_type = APR_POLL_SOCKET;
1193 new_pollfd.reqevents = APR_POLLOUT;
1194 new_pollfd.desc.s = c->aprsock;
1195 new_pollfd.client_data = c;
1196 apr_pollset_add(readbits, &new_pollfd);
1200 apr_pollfd_t remove_pollfd;
1201 remove_pollfd.desc_type = APR_POLL_SOCKET;
1202 remove_pollfd.desc.s = c->aprsock;
1203 apr_pollset_remove(readbits, &remove_pollfd);
1204 apr_socket_close(c->aprsock);
1208 "\nTest aborted after 10 failures\n\n");
1209 apr_err("apr_socket_connect()", rv);
1211 c->state = STATE_UNCONNECTED;
1217 /* connected first time */
1218 c->state = STATE_CONNECTED;
1222 ssl_proceed_handshake(c);
1230 /* --------------------------------------------------------- */
1232 /* close down connection and save stats */
1234 static void close_connection(struct connection * c)
1236 if (c->read == 0 && c->keepalive) {
1238 * server has legitimately shut down an idle keep alive request
1241 good--; /* connection never happened */
1245 /* first time here */
1248 else if (c->bread != doclen) {
1253 if (done < requests) {
1255 if ((done) && heartbeatres && !(done % heartbeatres)) {
1256 fprintf(stderr, "Completed %ld requests\n", done);
1259 c->done = apr_time_now();
1261 s.starttime = c->start;
1262 s.ctime = ap_max(0, (c->connect - c->start) / 1000);
1263 s.time = ap_max(0, (c->done - c->start) / 1000);
1264 s.waittime = ap_max(0, (c->beginread - c->endwrite) / 1000);
1270 apr_pollfd_t remove_pollfd;
1271 remove_pollfd.desc_type = APR_POLL_SOCKET;
1272 remove_pollfd.desc.s = c->aprsock;
1273 apr_pollset_remove(readbits, &remove_pollfd);
1276 SSL_shutdown(c->ssl);
1281 apr_socket_close(c->aprsock);
1283 c->state = STATE_UNCONNECTED;
1290 /* --------------------------------------------------------- */
1292 /* read data from connection */
1294 static void read_connection(struct connection * c)
1297 apr_status_t status;
1299 char respcode[4]; /* 3 digits and null */
1304 status = SSL_read(c->ssl, buffer, r);
1306 int scode = SSL_get_error(c->ssl, status);
1308 if (scode == SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN) {
1309 /* connection closed cleanly: */
1311 close_connection(c);
1313 else if (scode != SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE
1314 && scode != SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ) {
1315 /* some fatal error: */
1317 BIO_printf(bio_err, "SSL read failed - closing connection\n");
1318 ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
1319 close_connection(c);
1328 status = apr_socket_recv(c->aprsock, buffer, &r);
1329 if (APR_STATUS_IS_EAGAIN(status))
1331 else if (r == 0 && APR_STATUS_IS_EOF(status)) {
1333 close_connection(c);
1336 /* catch legitimate fatal apr_socket_recv errors */
1337 else if (status != APR_SUCCESS) {
1341 close_connection(c);
1342 if (verbosity >= 1) {
1344 fprintf(stderr,"%s: %s (%d)\n", "apr_socket_recv", apr_strerror(status, buf, sizeof buf), status);
1348 apr_err("apr_socket_recv", status);
1355 c->beginread = apr_time_now();
1360 if (!c->gotheader) {
1363 apr_size_t space = CBUFFSIZE - c->cbx - 1; /* -1 allows for \0 term */
1364 int tocopy = (space < r) ? space : r;
1366 apr_size_t inbytes_left = space, outbytes_left = space;
1368 status = apr_xlate_conv_buffer(from_ascii, buffer, &inbytes_left,
1369 c->cbuff + c->cbx, &outbytes_left);
1370 if (status || inbytes_left || outbytes_left) {
1371 fprintf(stderr, "only simple translation is supported (%d/%u/%u)\n",
1372 status, inbytes_left, outbytes_left);
1376 memcpy(c->cbuff + c->cbx, buffer, space);
1377 #endif /* NOT_ASCII */
1380 c->cbuff[c->cbx] = 0; /* terminate for benefit of strstr */
1381 if (verbosity >= 2) {
1382 printf("LOG: header received:\n%s\n", c->cbuff);
1384 s = strstr(c->cbuff, "\r\n\r\n");
1386 * this next line is so that we talk to NCSA 1.5 which blatantly
1387 * breaks the http specifaction
1390 s = strstr(c->cbuff, "\n\n");
1395 /* read rest next time */
1400 /* header is in invalid or too big - close connection */
1401 apr_pollfd_t remove_pollfd;
1402 remove_pollfd.desc_type = APR_POLL_SOCKET;
1403 remove_pollfd.desc.s = c->aprsock;
1404 apr_pollset_remove(readbits, &remove_pollfd);
1405 apr_socket_close(c->aprsock);
1408 err("\nTest aborted after 10 failures\n\n");
1414 /* have full header */
1417 * this is first time, extract some interesting info
1420 p = strstr(c->cbuff, "Server:");
1430 * XXX: this parsing isn't even remotely HTTP compliant... but in
1431 * the interest of speed it doesn't totally have to be, it just
1432 * needs to be extended to handle whatever servers folks want to
1433 * test against. -djg
1436 /* check response code */
1437 part = strstr(c->cbuff, "HTTP"); /* really HTTP/1.x_ */
1438 if (part && strlen(part) > strlen("HTTP/1.x_")) {
1439 strncpy(respcode, (part + strlen("HTTP/1.x_")), 3);
1443 strcpy(respcode, "500");
1446 if (respcode[0] != '2') {
1449 printf("WARNING: Response code not 2xx (%s)\n", respcode);
1451 else if (verbosity >= 3) {
1452 printf("LOG: Response code = %s\n", respcode);
1455 *s = 0; /* terminate at end of header */
1457 (strstr(c->cbuff, "Keep-Alive")
1458 || strstr(c->cbuff, "keep-alive"))) { /* for benefit of MSIIS */
1460 cl = strstr(c->cbuff, "Content-Length:");
1461 /* handle NCSA, which sends Content-length: */
1463 cl = strstr(c->cbuff, "Content-length:");
1466 c->length = atoi(cl + 16);
1468 /* The response may not have a Content-Length header */
1474 c->bread += c->cbx - (s + l - c->cbuff) + r - tocopy;
1475 totalbread += c->bread;
1479 /* outside header, everything we have read is entity body */
1484 if (c->keepalive && (c->bread >= c->length)) {
1485 /* finished a keep-alive connection */
1489 /* first time here */
1492 else if (c->bread != doclen) {
1496 if (done < requests) {
1499 if (done && heartbeatres && !(done % heartbeatres)) {
1500 fprintf(stderr, "Completed %ld requests\n", done);
1503 c->done = apr_time_now();
1505 s.starttime = c->start;
1506 s.ctime = ap_max(0, (c->connect - c->start) / 1000);
1507 s.waittime = ap_max(0, (c->beginread - c->endwrite) / 1000);
1508 s.time = ap_max(0, (c->done - c->start) / 1000);
1515 c->read = c->bread = 0;
1516 c->start = c->connect = apr_time_now(); /* zero connect time with keep-alive */
1521 /* --------------------------------------------------------- */
1525 static void test(void)
1530 apr_status_t status;
1531 int snprintf_res = 0;
1533 apr_size_t inbytes_left, outbytes_left;
1537 connecthost = apr_pstrdup(cntxt, proxyhost);
1538 connectport = proxyport;
1541 connecthost = apr_pstrdup(cntxt, hostname);
1546 printf("Benchmarking %s ", hostname);
1548 printf("[through %s:%d] ", proxyhost, proxyport);
1549 printf("(be patient)%s",
1550 (heartbeatres ? "\n" : "..."));
1554 now = apr_time_now();
1556 con = calloc(concurrency, sizeof(struct connection));
1558 stats = calloc(requests, sizeof(struct data));
1560 if ((status = apr_pollset_create(&readbits, concurrency, cntxt, 0)) != APR_SUCCESS) {
1561 apr_err("apr_pollset_create failed", status);
1564 /* add default headers if necessary */
1566 /* Host: header not overridden, add default value to hdrs */
1567 hdrs = apr_pstrcat(cntxt, hdrs, "Host: ", host_field, colonhost, "\r\n", NULL);
1570 /* Header overridden, no need to add, as it is already in hdrs */
1573 if (!opt_useragent) {
1574 /* User-Agent: header not overridden, add default value to hdrs */
1575 hdrs = apr_pstrcat(cntxt, hdrs, "User-Agent: ApacheBench/", AP_AB_BASEREVISION, "\r\n", NULL);
1578 /* Header overridden, no need to add, as it is already in hdrs */
1582 /* Accept: header not overridden, add default value to hdrs */
1583 hdrs = apr_pstrcat(cntxt, hdrs, "Accept: */*\r\n", NULL);
1586 /* Header overridden, no need to add, as it is already in hdrs */
1591 snprintf_res = apr_snprintf(request, sizeof(_request),
1592 "%s %s HTTP/1.0\r\n"
1595 (posting == 0) ? "GET" : "HEAD",
1596 (isproxy) ? fullurl : path,
1597 keepalive ? "Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n" : "",
1598 cookie, auth, hdrs);
1601 snprintf_res = apr_snprintf(request, sizeof(_request),
1602 "POST %s HTTP/1.0\r\n"
1604 "Content-length: %" APR_SIZE_T_FMT "\r\n"
1605 "Content-type: %s\r\n"
1608 (isproxy) ? fullurl : path,
1609 keepalive ? "Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n" : "",
1612 (content_type[0]) ? content_type : "text/plain", hdrs);
1614 if (snprintf_res >= sizeof(_request)) {
1615 err("Request too long\n");
1619 printf("INFO: POST header == \n---\n%s\n---\n", request);
1621 reqlen = strlen(request);
1624 * Combine headers and (optional) post file into one contineous buffer
1627 char *buff = malloc(postlen + reqlen + 1);
1629 fprintf(stderr, "error creating request buffer: out of memory\n");
1632 strcpy(buff, request);
1633 memcpy(buff + reqlen, postdata, postlen);
1638 inbytes_left = outbytes_left = reqlen;
1639 status = apr_xlate_conv_buffer(to_ascii, request, &inbytes_left,
1640 request, &outbytes_left);
1641 if (status || inbytes_left || outbytes_left) {
1642 fprintf(stderr, "only simple translation is supported (%d/%u/%u)\n",
1643 status, inbytes_left, outbytes_left);
1646 #endif /* NOT_ASCII */
1648 /* This only needs to be done once */
1649 if ((rv = apr_sockaddr_info_get(&destsa, connecthost, APR_UNSPEC, connectport, 0, cntxt))
1652 apr_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
1653 "apr_sockaddr_info_get() for %s", connecthost);
1657 /* ok - lets start */
1658 start = apr_time_now();
1661 /* Output the results if the user terminates the run early. */
1662 apr_signal(SIGINT, output_results);
1665 /* initialise lots of requests */
1666 for (i = 0; i < concurrency; i++) {
1668 start_connect(&con[i]);
1671 while (done < requests) {
1674 const apr_pollfd_t *pollresults;
1676 /* check for time limit expiry */
1677 now = apr_time_now();
1678 timed = (apr_int32_t)apr_time_sec(now - start);
1679 if (tlimit && timed >= tlimit) {
1680 requests = done; /* so stats are correct */
1681 break; /* no need to do another round */
1685 status = apr_pollset_poll(readbits, aprtimeout, &n, &pollresults);
1686 if (status != APR_SUCCESS)
1687 apr_err("apr_poll", status);
1690 err("\nServer timed out\n\n");
1693 for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
1694 const apr_pollfd_t *next_fd = &(pollresults[i]);
1695 struct connection *c;
1697 c = next_fd->client_data;
1700 * If the connection isn't connected how can we check it?
1702 if (c->state == STATE_UNCONNECTED)
1705 rv = next_fd->rtnevents;
1708 if (c->state == STATE_CONNECTED && c->ssl && SSL_in_init(c->ssl)) {
1709 ssl_proceed_handshake(c);
1715 * Notes: APR_POLLHUP is set after FIN is received on some
1716 * systems, so treat that like APR_POLLIN so that we try to read
1719 * Some systems return APR_POLLERR with APR_POLLHUP. We need to
1720 * call read_connection() for APR_POLLHUP, so check for
1721 * APR_POLLHUP first so that a closed connection isn't treated
1722 * like an I/O error. If it is, we never figure out that the
1723 * connection is done and we loop here endlessly calling
1726 if ((rv & APR_POLLIN) || (rv & APR_POLLPRI) || (rv & APR_POLLHUP))
1728 if ((rv & APR_POLLERR) || (rv & APR_POLLNVAL)) {
1734 if (rv & APR_POLLOUT) {
1735 if (c->state == STATE_CONNECTING) {
1736 apr_pollfd_t remove_pollfd;
1737 rv = apr_socket_connect(c->aprsock, destsa);
1738 remove_pollfd.desc_type = APR_POLL_SOCKET;
1739 remove_pollfd.desc.s = c->aprsock;
1740 apr_pollset_remove(readbits, &remove_pollfd);
1741 if (rv != APR_SUCCESS) {
1742 apr_socket_close(c->aprsock);
1746 "\nTest aborted after 10 failures\n\n");
1747 apr_err("apr_socket_connect()", rv);
1749 c->state = STATE_UNCONNECTED;
1754 c->state = STATE_CONNECTED;
1758 ssl_proceed_handshake(c);
1770 * When using a select based poll every time we check the bits
1771 * are reset. In 1.3's ab we copied the FD_SET's each time
1772 * through, but here we're going to check the state and if the
1773 * connection is in STATE_READ or STATE_CONNECTING we'll add the
1774 * socket back in as APR_POLLIN.
1776 if (c->state == STATE_READ) {
1777 apr_pollfd_t new_pollfd;
1778 new_pollfd.desc_type = APR_POLL_SOCKET;
1779 new_pollfd.reqevents = APR_POLLIN;
1780 new_pollfd.desc.s = c->aprsock;
1781 new_pollfd.client_data = c;
1782 apr_pollset_add(readbits, &new_pollfd);
1788 fprintf(stderr, "Finished %ld requests\n", done);
1793 output_html_results();
1798 /* ------------------------------------------------------- */
1800 /* display copyright information */
1801 static void copyright(void)
1804 printf("This is ApacheBench, Version %s\n", AP_AB_BASEREVISION " <$Revision$>");
1805 printf("Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/\n");
1806 printf("Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/\n");
1811 printf(" This is ApacheBench, Version %s <i><%s></i><br>\n", AP_AB_BASEREVISION, "$Revision$");
1812 printf(" Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/<br>\n");
1813 printf(" Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/<br>\n");
1814 printf("</p>\n<p>\n");
1818 /* display usage information */
1819 static void usage(const char *progname)
1821 fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [options] [http"
1825 "://]hostname[:port]/path\n", progname);
1826 fprintf(stderr, "Options are:\n");
1827 fprintf(stderr, " -n requests Number of requests to perform\n");
1828 fprintf(stderr, " -c concurrency Number of multiple requests to make\n");
1829 fprintf(stderr, " -t timelimit Seconds to max. wait for responses\n");
1830 fprintf(stderr, " -b windowsize Size of TCP send/receive buffer, in bytes\n");
1831 fprintf(stderr, " -p postfile File containing data to POST\n");
1832 fprintf(stderr, " -T content-type Content-type header for POSTing\n");
1833 fprintf(stderr, " -v verbosity How much troubleshooting info to print\n");
1834 fprintf(stderr, " -w Print out results in HTML tables\n");
1835 fprintf(stderr, " -i Use HEAD instead of GET\n");
1836 fprintf(stderr, " -x attributes String to insert as table attributes\n");
1837 fprintf(stderr, " -y attributes String to insert as tr attributes\n");
1838 fprintf(stderr, " -z attributes String to insert as td or th attributes\n");
1839 fprintf(stderr, " -C attribute Add cookie, eg. 'Apache=1234. (repeatable)\n");
1840 fprintf(stderr, " -H attribute Add Arbitrary header line, eg. 'Accept-Encoding: gzip'\n");
1841 fprintf(stderr, " Inserted after all normal header lines. (repeatable)\n");
1842 fprintf(stderr, " -A attribute Add Basic WWW Authentication, the attributes\n");
1843 fprintf(stderr, " are a colon separated username and password.\n");
1844 fprintf(stderr, " -P attribute Add Basic Proxy Authentication, the attributes\n");
1845 fprintf(stderr, " are a colon separated username and password.\n");
1846 fprintf(stderr, " -X proxy:port Proxyserver and port number to use\n");
1847 fprintf(stderr, " -V Print version number and exit\n");
1848 fprintf(stderr, " -k Use HTTP KeepAlive feature\n");
1849 fprintf(stderr, " -d Do not show percentiles served table.\n");
1850 fprintf(stderr, " -S Do not show confidence estimators and warnings.\n");
1851 fprintf(stderr, " -g filename Output collected data to gnuplot format file.\n");
1852 fprintf(stderr, " -e filename Output CSV file with percentages served\n");
1853 fprintf(stderr, " -r Don't exit on socket receive errors.\n");
1854 fprintf(stderr, " -h Display usage information (this message)\n");
1856 fprintf(stderr, " -Z ciphersuite Specify SSL/TLS cipher suite (See openssl ciphers)\n");
1857 fprintf(stderr, " -f protocol Specify SSL/TLS protocol (SSL2, SSL3, TLS1, or ALL)\n");
1862 /* ------------------------------------------------------- */
1864 /* split URL into parts */
1866 static int parse_url(char *url)
1873 /* Save a copy for the proxy */
1874 fullurl = apr_pstrdup(cntxt, url);
1876 if (strlen(url) > 7 && strncmp(url, "http://", 7) == 0) {
1884 if (strlen(url) > 8 && strncmp(url, "https://", 8) == 0) {
1889 if (strlen(url) > 8 && strncmp(url, "https://", 8) == 0) {
1890 fprintf(stderr, "SSL not compiled in; no https support\n");
1895 if ((cp = strchr(url, '/')) == NULL)
1897 h = apr_palloc(cntxt, cp - url + 1);
1898 memcpy(h, url, cp - url);
1900 rv = apr_parse_addr_port(&hostname, &scope_id, &port, h, cntxt);
1901 if (rv != APR_SUCCESS || !hostname || scope_id) {
1904 path = apr_pstrdup(cntxt, cp);
1906 if (*url == '[') { /* IPv6 numeric address string */
1907 host_field = apr_psprintf(cntxt, "[%s]", hostname);
1910 host_field = hostname;
1913 if (port == 0) { /* no port specified */
1924 is_ssl && (port != 443)) || (!is_ssl &&
1928 colonhost = apr_psprintf(cntxt,":%d",port);
1934 /* ------------------------------------------------------- */
1936 /* read data to POST from file, save contents and length */
1938 static int open_postfile(const char *pfile)
1945 rv = apr_file_open(&postfd, pfile, APR_READ, APR_OS_DEFAULT, cntxt);
1946 if (rv != APR_SUCCESS) {
1947 fprintf(stderr, "ab: Could not open POST data file (%s): %s\n", pfile,
1948 apr_strerror(rv, errmsg, sizeof errmsg));
1952 apr_file_info_get(&finfo, APR_FINFO_NORM, postfd);
1953 postlen = (apr_size_t)finfo.size;
1954 postdata = malloc(postlen);
1956 fprintf(stderr, "ab: Could not allocate POST data buffer\n");
1959 rv = apr_file_read_full(postfd, postdata, postlen, NULL);
1960 if (rv != APR_SUCCESS) {
1961 fprintf(stderr, "ab: Could not read POST data file: %s\n",
1962 apr_strerror(rv, errmsg, sizeof errmsg));
1965 apr_file_close(postfd);
1969 /* ------------------------------------------------------- */
1971 /* sort out command-line args and call test */
1972 int main(int argc, const char * const argv[])
1976 apr_status_t status;
1981 SSL_METHOD *meth = SSLv23_client_method();
1984 /* table defaults */
1987 tdstring = "bgcolor=white";
1990 proxyhost[0] = '\0';
1993 apr_app_initialize(&argc, &argv, NULL);
1994 atexit(apr_terminate);
1995 apr_pool_create(&cntxt, NULL);
1998 status = apr_xlate_open(&to_ascii, "ISO-8859-1", APR_DEFAULT_CHARSET, cntxt);
2000 fprintf(stderr, "apr_xlate_open(to ASCII)->%d\n", status);
2003 status = apr_xlate_open(&from_ascii, APR_DEFAULT_CHARSET, "ISO-8859-1", cntxt);
2005 fprintf(stderr, "apr_xlate_open(from ASCII)->%d\n", status);
2008 status = apr_base64init_ebcdic(to_ascii, from_ascii);
2010 fprintf(stderr, "apr_base64init_ebcdic()->%d\n", status);
2015 apr_getopt_init(&opt, cntxt, argc, argv);
2016 while ((status = apr_getopt(opt, "n:c:t:b:T:p:v:rkVhwix:y:z:C:H:P:A:g:X:de:Sq"
2020 ,&c, &optarg)) == APR_SUCCESS) {
2023 requests = atoi(optarg);
2025 err("Invalid number of requests\n");
2035 concurrency = atoi(optarg);
2038 windowsize = atoi(optarg);
2042 err("Cannot mix POST and HEAD\n");
2046 gnuplot = strdup(optarg);
2052 csvperc = strdup(optarg);
2059 err("Cannot mix POST and HEAD\n");
2060 if (0 == (r = open_postfile(optarg))) {
2063 else if (postdata) {
2071 verbosity = atoi(optarg);
2074 tlimit = atoi(optarg);
2075 requests = MAX_REQUESTS; /* need to size data array on
2079 strcpy(content_type, optarg);
2082 cookie = apr_pstrcat(cntxt, "Cookie: ", optarg, "\r\n", NULL);
2086 * assume username passwd already to be in colon separated form.
2087 * Ready to be uu-encoded.
2089 while (apr_isspace(*optarg))
2091 if (apr_base64_encode_len(strlen(optarg)) > sizeof(tmp)) {
2092 err("Authentication credentials too long\n");
2094 l = apr_base64_encode(tmp, optarg, strlen(optarg));
2097 auth = apr_pstrcat(cntxt, auth, "Authorization: Basic ", tmp,
2102 * assume username passwd already to be in colon separated form.
2104 while (apr_isspace(*optarg))
2106 if (apr_base64_encode_len(strlen(optarg)) > sizeof(tmp)) {
2107 err("Proxy credentials too long\n");
2109 l = apr_base64_encode(tmp, optarg, strlen(optarg));
2112 auth = apr_pstrcat(cntxt, auth, "Proxy-Authorization: Basic ",
2116 hdrs = apr_pstrcat(cntxt, hdrs, optarg, "\r\n", NULL);
2118 * allow override of some of the common headers that ab adds
2120 if (strncasecmp(optarg, "Host:", 5) == 0) {
2122 } else if (strncasecmp(optarg, "Accept:", 7) == 0) {
2124 } else if (strncasecmp(optarg, "User-Agent:", 11) == 0) {
2132 * if any of the following three are used, turn on html output
2137 tablestring = optarg;
2143 * assume proxy-name[:port]
2145 if ((p = strchr(optarg, ':'))) {
2148 proxyport = atoi(p);
2150 strcpy(proxyhost, optarg);
2170 ssl_cipher = strdup(optarg);
2173 if (strncasecmp(optarg, "ALL", 3) == 0) {
2174 meth = SSLv23_client_method();
2175 } else if (strncasecmp(optarg, "SSL2", 4) == 0) {
2176 meth = SSLv2_client_method();
2177 } else if (strncasecmp(optarg, "SSL3", 4) == 0) {
2178 meth = SSLv3_client_method();
2179 } else if (strncasecmp(optarg, "TLS1", 4) == 0) {
2180 meth = TLSv1_client_method();
2187 if (opt->ind != argc - 1) {
2188 fprintf(stderr, "%s: wrong number of arguments\n", argv[0]);
2192 if (parse_url(apr_pstrdup(cntxt, opt->argv[opt->ind++]))) {
2193 fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid URL\n", argv[0]);
2197 if ((concurrency < 0) || (concurrency > MAX_CONCURRENCY)) {
2198 fprintf(stderr, "%s: Invalid Concurrency [Range 0..%d]\n",
2199 argv[0], MAX_CONCURRENCY);
2203 if (concurrency > requests) {
2204 fprintf(stderr, "%s: Cannot use concurrency level greater than "
2205 "total number of requests\n", argv[0]);
2209 if ((heartbeatres) && (requests > 150)) {
2210 heartbeatres = requests / 10; /* Print line every 10% of requests */
2211 if (heartbeatres < 100)
2212 heartbeatres = 100; /* but never more often than once every 100
2222 CRYPTO_malloc_init();
2224 SSL_load_error_strings();
2226 bio_out=BIO_new_fp(stdout,BIO_NOCLOSE);
2227 bio_err=BIO_new_fp(stderr,BIO_NOCLOSE);
2229 if (!(ssl_ctx = SSL_CTX_new(meth))) {
2230 BIO_printf(bio_err, "Could not initialize SSL Context.\n");
2231 ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
2234 SSL_CTX_set_options(ssl_ctx, SSL_OP_ALL);
2235 if (ssl_cipher != NULL) {
2236 if (!SSL_CTX_set_cipher_list(ssl_ctx, ssl_cipher)) {
2237 fprintf(stderr, "error setting cipher list [%s]\n", ssl_cipher);
2238 ERR_print_errors_fp(stderr);
2242 if (verbosity >= 3) {
2243 SSL_CTX_set_info_callback(ssl_ctx, ssl_state_cb);
2247 apr_signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN); /* Ignore writes to connections that
2248 * have been closed at the other end. */
2252 apr_pool_destroy(cntxt);