1 /* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
2 * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
3 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
4 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
5 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
6 * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
8 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14 * limitations under the License.
18 ** This program is based on ZeusBench V1.0 written by Adam Twiss
19 ** which is Copyright (c) 1996 by Zeus Technology Ltd. http://www.zeustech.net/
21 ** This software is provided "as is" and any express or implied waranties,
22 ** including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and
23 ** fitness for a particular purpose are disclaimed. In no event shall
24 ** Zeus Technology Ltd. be liable for any direct, indirect, incidental, special,
25 ** exemplary, or consequential damaged (including, but not limited to,
26 ** procurement of substitute good or services; loss of use, data, or profits;
27 ** or business interruption) however caused and on theory of liability. Whether
28 ** in contract, strict liability or tort (including negligence or otherwise)
29 ** arising in any way out of the use of this software, even if advised of the
30 ** possibility of such damage.
36 ** - Originally written by Adam Twiss <adam@zeus.co.uk>, March 1996
37 ** with input from Mike Belshe <mbelshe@netscape.com> and
38 ** Michael Campanella <campanella@stevms.enet.dec.com>
39 ** - Enhanced by Dean Gaudet <dgaudet@apache.org>, November 1997
40 ** - Cleaned up by Ralf S. Engelschall <rse@apache.org>, March 1998
41 ** - POST and verbosity by Kurt Sussman <kls@merlot.com>, August 1998
42 ** - HTML table output added by David N. Welton <davidw@prosa.it>, January 1999
43 ** - Added Cookie, Arbitrary header and auth support. <dirkx@webweaving.org>, April 1999
45 ** - Increased version number - as some of the socket/error handling has
46 ** fundamentally changed - and will give fundamentally different results
47 ** in situations where a server is dropping requests. Therefore you can
48 ** no longer compare results of AB as easily. Hence the inc of the version.
49 ** They should be closer to the truth though. Sander & <dirkx@covalent.net>, End 2000.
50 ** - Fixed proxy functionality, added median/mean statistics, added gnuplot
51 ** output option, added _experimental/rudimentary_ SSL support. Added
52 ** confidence guestimators and warnings. Sander & <dirkx@covalent.net>, End 2000
53 ** - Fixed serious int overflow issues which would cause realistic (longer
54 ** than a few minutes) run's to have wrong (but believable) results. Added
55 ** trapping of connection errors which influenced measurements.
56 ** Contributed by Sander Temme, Early 2001
58 ** - Changed timeout behavour during write to work whilst the sockets
59 ** are filling up and apr_write() does writes a few - but not all.
60 ** This will potentially change results. <dirkx@webweaving.org>, April 2001
62 ** Improvements to concurrent processing:
63 ** - Enabled non-blocking connect()s.
64 ** - Prevent blocking calls to apr_socket_recv() (thereby allowing AB to
65 ** manage its entire set of socket descriptors).
66 ** - Any error returned from apr_socket_recv() that is not EAGAIN or EOF
67 ** is now treated as fatal.
68 ** Contributed by Aaron Bannert, April 24, 2002
71 ** Internalized the version string - this string is part
72 ** of the Agent: header and the result output.
75 ** Adopted SSL code by Madhu Mathihalli <madhusudan_mathihalli@hp.com>
76 ** [PATCH] ab with SSL support Posted Wed, 15 Aug 2001 20:55:06 GMT
77 ** Introduces four 'if (int == value)' tests per non-ssl request.
80 ** Switched to the new abstract pollset API, allowing ab to
81 ** take advantage of future apr_pollset_t scalability improvements.
82 ** Contributed by Brian Pane, August 31, 2002
85 ** SIGINT now triggers output_results().
86 ** Contributed by colm, March 30, 2006
89 /* Note: this version string should start with \d+[\d\.]* and be a valid
90 * string for an HTTP Agent: header when prefixed with 'ApacheBench/'.
91 * It should reflect the version of AB - and not that of the apache server
92 * it happens to accompany. And it should be updated or changed whenever
93 * the results are no longer fundamentally comparable to the results of
94 * a previous version of ab. Either due to a change in the logic of
95 * ab - or to due to a change in the distribution it is compiled with
96 * (such as an APR change in for example blocking).
98 #define AP_AB_BASEREVISION "2.3"
104 * - has various other poor buffer attacks related to the lazy parsing of
105 * response headers from the server
106 * - doesn't implement much of HTTP/1.x, only accepts certain forms of
108 * - (performance problem) heavy use of strstr shows up top in profile
109 * only an issue for loopback usage
112 /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
115 /* Hmmm... This source code isn't being compiled in ASCII.
116 * In order for data that flows over the network to make
117 * sense, we need to translate to/from ASCII.
122 /* affects include files on Solaris */
126 #include "apr_signal.h"
127 #include "apr_strings.h"
128 #include "apr_network_io.h"
129 #include "apr_file_io.h"
130 #include "apr_time.h"
131 #include "apr_getopt.h"
132 #include "apr_general.h"
134 #include "apr_portable.h"
135 #include "ap_release.h"
136 #include "apr_poll.h"
138 #define APR_WANT_STRFUNC
139 #include "apr_want.h"
141 #include "apr_base64.h"
143 #include "apr_xlate.h"
148 #if APR_HAVE_STDLIB_H
151 #if APR_HAVE_UNISTD_H
152 #include <unistd.h> /* for getpid() */
155 #if !defined(WIN32) && !defined(NETWARE)
156 #include "ap_config_auto.h"
159 #if defined(HAVE_SSLC)
161 /* Libraries for RSA SSL-C */
171 #define SK_NUM(x) sk_num(x)
172 #define SK_VALUE(x,y) sk_value(x,y)
173 typedef STACK X509_STACK_TYPE;
175 #elif defined(HAVE_OPENSSL)
177 /* Libraries on most systems.. */
178 #include <openssl/rsa.h>
179 #include <openssl/crypto.h>
180 #include <openssl/x509.h>
181 #include <openssl/pem.h>
182 #include <openssl/err.h>
183 #include <openssl/ssl.h>
184 #include <openssl/rand.h>
186 #define SK_NUM(x) sk_X509_num(x)
187 #define SK_VALUE(x,y) sk_X509_value(x,y)
188 typedef STACK_OF(X509) X509_STACK_TYPE;
196 #if APR_HAVE_LIMITS_H
200 /* ------------------- DEFINITIONS -------------------------- */
203 #define AB_MAX APR_INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff)
205 #define AB_MAX LLONG_MAX
208 /* maximum number of requests on a time limited test */
209 #define MAX_REQUESTS (INT_MAX > 50000 ? 50000 : INT_MAX)
211 /* good old state hostname */
212 #define STATE_UNCONNECTED 0
213 #define STATE_CONNECTING 1 /* TCP connect initiated, but we don't
214 * know if it worked yet
216 #define STATE_CONNECTED 2 /* we know TCP connect completed */
219 #define CBUFFSIZE (2048)
223 apr_socket_t *aprsock;
225 apr_size_t read; /* amount of bytes read */
226 apr_size_t bread; /* amount of body read */
227 apr_size_t rwrite, rwrote; /* keep pointers in what we write - across
229 apr_size_t length; /* Content-Length value used for keep-alive */
230 char cbuff[CBUFFSIZE]; /* a buffer to store server response header */
231 int cbx; /* offset in cbuffer */
232 int keepalive; /* non-zero if a keep-alive request */
233 int gotheader; /* non-zero if we have the entire header in
235 apr_time_t start, /* Start of connection */
236 connect, /* Connected, start writing */
237 endwrite, /* Request written */
238 beginread, /* First byte of input */
239 done; /* Connection closed */
248 apr_time_t starttime; /* start time of connection */
249 apr_interval_time_t waittime; /* between request and reading response */
250 apr_interval_time_t ctime; /* time to connect */
251 apr_interval_time_t time; /* time for connection */
254 #define ap_min(a,b) ((a)<(b))?(a):(b)
255 #define ap_max(a,b) ((a)>(b))?(a):(b)
256 #define ap_round_ms(a) ((apr_time_t)((a) + 500)/1000)
257 #define ap_double_ms(a) ((double)(a)/1000.0)
258 #define MAX_CONCURRENCY 20000
260 /* --------------------- GLOBALS ---------------------------- */
262 int verbosity = 0; /* no verbosity by default */
263 int recverrok = 0; /* ok to proceed after socket receive errors */
264 int posting = 0; /* GET by default */
265 int requests = 1; /* Number of requests to make */
266 int heartbeatres = 100; /* How often do we say we're alive */
267 int concurrency = 1; /* Number of multiple requests to make */
268 int percentile = 1; /* Show percentile served */
269 int confidence = 1; /* Show confidence estimator and warnings */
270 int tlimit = 0; /* time limit in secs */
271 int keepalive = 0; /* try and do keepalive connections */
272 int windowsize = 0; /* we use the OS default window size */
273 char servername[1024]; /* name that server reports */
274 char *hostname; /* host name from URL */
275 char *host_field; /* value of "Host:" header field */
276 char *path; /* path name */
277 char postfile[1024]; /* name of file containing post data */
278 char *postdata; /* *buffer containing data from postfile */
279 apr_size_t postlen = 0; /* length of data to be POSTed */
280 char content_type[1024];/* content type to put in POST header */
281 char *cookie, /* optional cookie line */
282 *auth, /* optional (basic/uuencoded) auhentication */
283 *hdrs; /* optional arbitrary headers */
284 apr_port_t port; /* port number */
285 char proxyhost[1024]; /* proxy host name */
286 int proxyport = 0; /* proxy port */
288 apr_port_t connectport;
289 char *gnuplot; /* GNUplot file */
290 char *csvperc; /* CSV Percentile file */
292 char * fullurl, * colonhost;
294 apr_interval_time_t aprtimeout = apr_time_from_sec(30); /* timeout value */
296 /* overrides for ab-generated common headers */
297 int opt_host = 0; /* was an optional "Host:" header specified? */
298 int opt_useragent = 0; /* was an optional "User-Agent:" header specified? */
299 int opt_accept = 0; /* was an optional "Accept:" header specified? */
301 * XXX - this is now a per read/write transact type of value
304 int use_html = 0; /* use html in the report */
305 const char *tablestring;
306 const char *trstring;
307 const char *tdstring;
309 apr_size_t doclen = 0; /* the length the document should be */
310 apr_int64_t totalread = 0; /* total number of bytes read */
311 apr_int64_t totalbread = 0; /* totoal amount of entity body read */
312 apr_int64_t totalposted = 0; /* total number of bytes posted, inc. headers */
313 int started = 0; /* number of requests started, so no excess */
314 int done = 0; /* number of requests we have done */
315 int doneka = 0; /* number of keep alive connections done */
316 int good = 0, bad = 0; /* number of good and bad requests */
317 int epipe = 0; /* number of broken pipe writes */
318 int err_length = 0; /* requests failed due to response length */
319 int err_conn = 0; /* requests failed due to connection drop */
320 int err_recv = 0; /* requests failed due to broken read */
321 int err_except = 0; /* requests failed due to exception */
322 int err_response = 0; /* requests with invalid or non-200 response */
327 char *ssl_cipher = NULL;
328 char *ssl_info = NULL;
329 BIO *bio_out,*bio_err;
332 apr_time_t start, lasttime, stoptime;
334 /* global request (and its length) */
336 char *request = _request;
339 /* one global throw-away buffer to read stuff into */
342 /* interesting percentiles */
343 int percs[] = {50, 66, 75, 80, 90, 95, 98, 99, 100};
345 struct connection *con; /* connection array */
346 struct data *stats; /* data for each request */
349 apr_pollset_t *readbits;
351 apr_sockaddr_t *destsa;
354 apr_xlate_t *from_ascii, *to_ascii;
357 static void write_request(struct connection * c);
358 static void close_connection(struct connection * c);
360 /* --------------------------------------------------------- */
362 /* simple little function to write an error string and exit */
364 static void err(char *s)
366 fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", s);
368 printf("Total of %d requests completed\n" , done);
372 /* simple little function to write an APR error string and exit */
374 static void apr_err(char *s, apr_status_t rv)
380 s, apr_strerror(rv, buf, sizeof buf), rv);
382 printf("Total of %d requests completed\n" , done);
386 /* --------------------------------------------------------- */
387 /* write out request to a connection - assumes we can write
388 * (small) request out in one go into our new socket buffer
392 static long ssl_print_cb(BIO *bio,int cmd,const char *argp,int argi,long argl,long ret)
396 out=(BIO *)BIO_get_callback_arg(bio);
397 if (out == NULL) return(ret);
399 if (cmd == (BIO_CB_READ|BIO_CB_RETURN)) {
400 BIO_printf(out,"read from %p [%p] (%d bytes => %ld (0x%lX))\n",
401 bio, argp, argi, ret, ret);
402 BIO_dump(out,(char *)argp,(int)ret);
405 else if (cmd == (BIO_CB_WRITE|BIO_CB_RETURN)) {
406 BIO_printf(out,"write to %p [%p] (%d bytes => %ld (0x%lX))\n",
407 bio, argp, argi, ret, ret);
408 BIO_dump(out,(char *)argp,(int)ret);
413 static void ssl_state_cb(const SSL *s, int w, int r)
415 if (w & SSL_CB_ALERT) {
416 BIO_printf(bio_err, "SSL/TLS Alert [%s] %s:%s\n",
417 (w & SSL_CB_READ ? "read" : "write"),
418 SSL_alert_type_string_long(r),
419 SSL_alert_desc_string_long(r));
420 } else if (w & SSL_CB_LOOP) {
421 BIO_printf(bio_err, "SSL/TLS State [%s] %s\n",
422 (SSL_in_connect_init((SSL*)s) ? "connect" : "-"),
423 SSL_state_string_long(s));
424 } else if (w & (SSL_CB_HANDSHAKE_START|SSL_CB_HANDSHAKE_DONE)) {
425 BIO_printf(bio_err, "SSL/TLS Handshake [%s] %s\n",
426 (w & SSL_CB_HANDSHAKE_START ? "Start" : "Done"),
427 SSL_state_string_long(s));
432 #define RAND_MAX INT_MAX
435 static int ssl_rand_choosenum(int l, int h)
440 srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
441 apr_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.0f",
442 (((double)(rand()%RAND_MAX)/RAND_MAX)*(h-l)));
449 static void ssl_rand_seed(void)
455 unsigned char stackdata[256];
458 * seed in the current time (usually just 4 bytes)
462 RAND_seed((unsigned char *)&t, l);
466 * seed in the current process id (usually just 4 bytes)
470 RAND_seed((unsigned char *)&pid, l);
474 * seed in some current state of the run-time stack (128 bytes)
476 n = ssl_rand_choosenum(0, sizeof(stackdata)-128-1);
477 RAND_seed(stackdata+n, 128);
481 static int ssl_print_connection_info(BIO *bio, SSL *ssl)
486 c = SSL_get_current_cipher(ssl);
487 BIO_printf(bio,"Cipher Suite Protocol :%s\n", SSL_CIPHER_get_version(c));
488 BIO_printf(bio,"Cipher Suite Name :%s\n",SSL_CIPHER_get_name(c));
490 bits = SSL_CIPHER_get_bits(c,&alg_bits);
491 BIO_printf(bio,"Cipher Suite Cipher Bits:%d (%d)\n",bits,alg_bits);
496 static void ssl_print_cert_info(BIO *bio, X509 *cert)
501 BIO_printf(bio, "Certificate version: %ld\n", X509_get_version(cert)+1);
502 BIO_printf(bio,"Valid from: ");
503 ASN1_UTCTIME_print(bio, X509_get_notBefore(cert));
504 BIO_printf(bio,"\n");
506 BIO_printf(bio,"Valid to : ");
507 ASN1_UTCTIME_print(bio, X509_get_notAfter(cert));
508 BIO_printf(bio,"\n");
510 BIO_printf(bio,"Public key is %d bits\n",
511 EVP_PKEY_bits(X509_get_pubkey(cert)));
513 dn = X509_get_issuer_name(cert);
514 X509_NAME_oneline(dn, buf, sizeof(buf));
515 BIO_printf(bio,"The issuer name is %s\n", buf);
517 dn=X509_get_subject_name(cert);
518 X509_NAME_oneline(dn, buf, sizeof(buf));
519 BIO_printf(bio,"The subject name is %s\n", buf);
521 /* dump the extension list too */
522 BIO_printf(bio, "Extension Count: %d\n", X509_get_ext_count(cert));
525 static void ssl_print_info(struct connection *c)
531 BIO_printf(bio_err, "\n");
532 sk = SSL_get_peer_cert_chain(c->ssl);
533 if ((count = SK_NUM(sk)) > 0) {
535 for (i=1; i<count; i++) {
536 cert = (X509 *)SK_VALUE(sk, i);
537 ssl_print_cert_info(bio_out, cert);
541 cert = SSL_get_peer_certificate(c->ssl);
543 BIO_printf(bio_out, "Anon DH\n");
545 BIO_printf(bio_out, "Peer certificate\n");
546 ssl_print_cert_info(bio_out, cert);
549 ssl_print_connection_info(bio_err,c->ssl);
550 SSL_SESSION_print(bio_err, SSL_get_session(c->ssl));
553 static void ssl_proceed_handshake(struct connection *c)
559 apr_pollfd_t new_pollfd;
561 ret = SSL_do_handshake(c->ssl);
562 ecode = SSL_get_error(c->ssl, ret);
568 if (ssl_info == NULL) {
571 int sk_bits, pk_bits, swork;
573 ci = SSL_get_current_cipher(c->ssl);
574 sk_bits = SSL_CIPHER_get_bits(ci, &swork);
575 cert = SSL_get_peer_certificate(c->ssl);
577 pk_bits = EVP_PKEY_bits(X509_get_pubkey(cert));
579 pk_bits = 0; /* Anon DH */
581 ssl_info = malloc(128);
582 apr_snprintf(ssl_info, 128, "%s,%s,%d,%d",
583 SSL_CIPHER_get_version(ci),
584 SSL_CIPHER_get_name(ci),
590 case SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ:
591 new_pollfd.desc_type = APR_POLL_SOCKET;
592 new_pollfd.reqevents = APR_POLLIN;
593 new_pollfd.desc.s = c->aprsock;
594 new_pollfd.client_data = c;
595 apr_pollset_add(readbits, &new_pollfd);
598 case SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE:
602 case SSL_ERROR_WANT_CONNECT:
604 case SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL:
605 /* Unexpected result */
606 BIO_printf(bio_err, "SSL handshake failed (%d).\n", ecode);
607 ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
617 static void write_request(struct connection * c)
621 apr_size_t l = c->rwrite;
622 apr_status_t e = APR_SUCCESS; /* prevent gcc warning */
624 tnow = lasttime = apr_time_now();
629 if (c->rwrite == 0) {
630 apr_socket_timeout_set(c->aprsock, 0);
635 c->rwrite += postlen;
637 else if (tnow > c->connect + aprtimeout) {
638 printf("Send request timed out!\n");
646 e_ssl = SSL_write(c->ssl,request + c->rwrote, l);
648 BIO_printf(bio_err, "SSL write failed - closing connection\n");
649 ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
650 close_connection (c);
658 e = apr_socket_send(c->aprsock, request + c->rwrote, &l);
660 if (e != APR_SUCCESS && !APR_STATUS_IS_EAGAIN(e)) {
662 printf("Send request failed!\n");
671 c->state = STATE_READ;
672 c->endwrite = lasttime = apr_time_now();
674 apr_pollfd_t new_pollfd;
675 new_pollfd.desc_type = APR_POLL_SOCKET;
676 new_pollfd.reqevents = APR_POLLIN;
677 new_pollfd.desc.s = c->aprsock;
678 new_pollfd.client_data = c;
679 apr_pollset_add(readbits, &new_pollfd);
683 /* --------------------------------------------------------- */
685 /* calculate and output results */
687 static int compradre(struct data * a, struct data * b)
689 if ((a->ctime) < (b->ctime))
691 if ((a->ctime) > (b->ctime))
696 static int comprando(struct data * a, struct data * b)
698 if ((a->time) < (b->time))
700 if ((a->time) > (b->time))
705 static int compri(struct data * a, struct data * b)
707 apr_interval_time_t p = a->time - a->ctime;
708 apr_interval_time_t q = b->time - b->ctime;
716 static int compwait(struct data * a, struct data * b)
718 if ((a->waittime) < (b->waittime))
720 if ((a->waittime) > (b->waittime))
725 static void output_results(int sig)
730 lasttime = apr_time_now(); /* record final time if interrupted */
732 timetaken = (double) (lasttime - start) / APR_USEC_PER_SEC;
735 printf("Server Software: %s\n", servername);
736 printf("Server Hostname: %s\n", hostname);
737 printf("Server Port: %hu\n", port);
739 if (is_ssl && ssl_info) {
740 printf("SSL/TLS Protocol: %s\n", ssl_info);
744 printf("Document Path: %s\n", path);
745 printf("Document Length: %" APR_SIZE_T_FMT " bytes\n", doclen);
747 printf("Concurrency Level: %d\n", concurrency);
748 printf("Time taken for tests: %.3f seconds\n", timetaken);
749 printf("Complete requests: %d\n", done);
750 printf("Failed requests: %d\n", bad);
752 printf(" (Connect: %d, Receive: %d, Length: %d, Exceptions: %d)\n",
753 err_conn, err_recv, err_length, err_except);
754 printf("Write errors: %d\n", epipe);
756 printf("Non-2xx responses: %d\n", err_response);
758 printf("Keep-Alive requests: %d\n", doneka);
759 printf("Total transferred: %" APR_INT64_T_FMT " bytes\n", totalread);
761 printf("Total POSTed: %" APR_INT64_T_FMT "\n", totalposted);
762 printf("HTML transferred: %" APR_INT64_T_FMT " bytes\n", totalbread);
764 /* avoid divide by zero */
765 if (timetaken && done) {
766 printf("Requests per second: %.2f [#/sec] (mean)\n",
767 (double) done / timetaken);
768 printf("Time per request: %.3f [ms] (mean)\n",
769 (double) concurrency * timetaken * 1000 / done);
770 printf("Time per request: %.3f [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)\n",
771 (double) timetaken * 1000 / done);
772 printf("Transfer rate: %.2f [Kbytes/sec] received\n",
773 (double) totalread / 1024 / timetaken);
775 printf(" %.2f kb/s sent\n",
776 (double) totalposted / timetaken / 1024);
777 printf(" %.2f kb/s total\n",
778 (double) (totalread + totalposted) / timetaken / 1024);
783 /* work out connection times */
785 apr_time_t totalcon = 0, total = 0, totald = 0, totalwait = 0;
786 apr_time_t meancon, meantot, meand, meanwait;
787 apr_interval_time_t mincon = AB_MAX, mintot = AB_MAX, mind = AB_MAX,
789 apr_interval_time_t maxcon = 0, maxtot = 0, maxd = 0, maxwait = 0;
790 apr_interval_time_t mediancon = 0, mediantot = 0, mediand = 0, medianwait = 0;
791 double sdtot = 0, sdcon = 0, sdd = 0, sdwait = 0;
793 for (i = 0; i < done; i++) {
794 struct data *s = &stats[i];
795 mincon = ap_min(mincon, s->ctime);
796 mintot = ap_min(mintot, s->time);
797 mind = ap_min(mind, s->time - s->ctime);
798 minwait = ap_min(minwait, s->waittime);
800 maxcon = ap_max(maxcon, s->ctime);
801 maxtot = ap_max(maxtot, s->time);
802 maxd = ap_max(maxd, s->time - s->ctime);
803 maxwait = ap_max(maxwait, s->waittime);
805 totalcon += s->ctime;
807 totald += s->time - s->ctime;
808 totalwait += s->waittime;
810 meancon = totalcon / done;
811 meantot = total / done;
812 meand = totald / done;
813 meanwait = totalwait / done;
815 /* calculating the sample variance: the sum of the squared deviations, divided by n-1 */
816 for (i = 0; i < done; i++) {
817 struct data *s = &stats[i];
819 a = ((double)s->time - meantot);
821 a = ((double)s->ctime - meancon);
823 a = ((double)s->time - (double)s->ctime - meand);
825 a = ((double)s->waittime - meanwait);
829 sdtot = (done > 1) ? sqrt(sdtot / (done - 1)) : 0;
830 sdcon = (done > 1) ? sqrt(sdcon / (done - 1)) : 0;
831 sdd = (done > 1) ? sqrt(sdd / (done - 1)) : 0;
832 sdwait = (done > 1) ? sqrt(sdwait / (done - 1)) : 0;
835 * XXX: what is better; this hideous cast of the compradre function; or
836 * the four warnings during compile ? dirkx just does not know and
839 qsort(stats, done, sizeof(struct data),
840 (int (*) (const void *, const void *)) compradre);
841 if ((done > 1) && (done % 2))
842 mediancon = (stats[done / 2].ctime + stats[done / 2 + 1].ctime) / 2;
844 mediancon = stats[done / 2].ctime;
846 qsort(stats, done, sizeof(struct data),
847 (int (*) (const void *, const void *)) compri);
848 if ((done > 1) && (done % 2))
849 mediand = (stats[done / 2].time + stats[done / 2 + 1].time \
850 -stats[done / 2].ctime - stats[done / 2 + 1].ctime) / 2;
852 mediand = stats[done / 2].time - stats[done / 2].ctime;
854 qsort(stats, done, sizeof(struct data),
855 (int (*) (const void *, const void *)) compwait);
856 if ((done > 1) && (done % 2))
857 medianwait = (stats[done / 2].waittime + stats[done / 2 + 1].waittime) / 2;
859 medianwait = stats[done / 2].waittime;
861 qsort(stats, done, sizeof(struct data),
862 (int (*) (const void *, const void *)) comprando);
863 if ((done > 1) && (done % 2))
864 mediantot = (stats[done / 2].time + stats[done / 2 + 1].time) / 2;
866 mediantot = stats[done / 2].time;
868 printf("\nConnection Times (ms)\n");
870 * Reduce stats from apr time to milliseconds
872 mincon = ap_round_ms(mincon);
873 mind = ap_round_ms(mind);
874 minwait = ap_round_ms(minwait);
875 mintot = ap_round_ms(mintot);
876 meancon = ap_round_ms(meancon);
877 meand = ap_round_ms(meand);
878 meanwait = ap_round_ms(meanwait);
879 meantot = ap_round_ms(meantot);
880 mediancon = ap_round_ms(mediancon);
881 mediand = ap_round_ms(mediand);
882 medianwait = ap_round_ms(medianwait);
883 mediantot = ap_round_ms(mediantot);
884 maxcon = ap_round_ms(maxcon);
885 maxd = ap_round_ms(maxd);
886 maxwait = ap_round_ms(maxwait);
887 maxtot = ap_round_ms(maxtot);
888 sdcon = ap_double_ms(sdcon);
889 sdd = ap_double_ms(sdd);
890 sdwait = ap_double_ms(sdwait);
891 sdtot = ap_double_ms(sdtot);
894 #define CONF_FMT_STRING "%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT " %4" APR_TIME_T_FMT " %5.1f %6" APR_TIME_T_FMT " %7" APR_TIME_T_FMT "\n"
895 printf(" min mean[+/-sd] median max\n");
896 printf("Connect: " CONF_FMT_STRING,
897 mincon, meancon, sdcon, mediancon, maxcon);
898 printf("Processing: " CONF_FMT_STRING,
899 mind, meand, sdd, mediand, maxd);
900 printf("Waiting: " CONF_FMT_STRING,
901 minwait, meanwait, sdwait, medianwait, maxwait);
902 printf("Total: " CONF_FMT_STRING,
903 mintot, meantot, sdtot, mediantot, maxtot);
904 #undef CONF_FMT_STRING
906 #define SANE(what,mean,median,sd) \
908 double d = (double)mean - median; \
911 printf("ERROR: The median and mean for " what " are more than twice the standard\n" \
912 " deviation apart. These results are NOT reliable.\n"); \
914 printf("WARNING: The median and mean for " what " are not within a normal deviation\n" \
915 " These results are probably not that reliable.\n"); \
917 SANE("the initial connection time", meancon, mediancon, sdcon);
918 SANE("the processing time", meand, mediand, sdd);
919 SANE("the waiting time", meanwait, medianwait, sdwait);
920 SANE("the total time", meantot, mediantot, sdtot);
923 printf(" min avg max\n");
924 #define CONF_FMT_STRING "%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT " %5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "\n"
925 printf("Connect: " CONF_FMT_STRING, mincon, meancon, maxcon);
926 printf("Processing: " CONF_FMT_STRING, mintot - mincon,
929 printf("Total: " CONF_FMT_STRING, mintot, meantot, maxtot);
930 #undef CONF_FMT_STRING
934 /* Sorted on total connect times */
935 if (percentile && (done > 1)) {
936 printf("\nPercentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)\n");
937 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(percs) / sizeof(int); i++) {
939 printf(" 0%% <0> (never)\n");
940 else if (percs[i] >= 100)
941 printf(" 100%% %5" APR_TIME_T_FMT " (longest request)\n",
942 ap_round_ms(stats[done - 1].time));
944 printf(" %d%% %5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "\n", percs[i],
945 ap_round_ms(stats[(int) (done * percs[i] / 100)].time));
949 FILE *out = fopen(csvperc, "w");
951 perror("Cannot open CSV output file");
954 fprintf(out, "" "Percentage served" "," "Time in ms" "\n");
955 for (i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
958 t = ap_double_ms(stats[0].time);
960 t = ap_double_ms(stats[done - 1].time);
962 t = ap_double_ms(stats[(int) (0.5 + done * i / 100.0)].time);
963 fprintf(out, "%d,%.3f\n", i, t);
968 FILE *out = fopen(gnuplot, "w");
969 char tmstring[APR_CTIME_LEN];
971 perror("Cannot open gnuplot output file");
974 fprintf(out, "starttime\tseconds\tctime\tdtime\tttime\twait\n");
975 for (i = 0; i < done; i++) {
976 (void) apr_ctime(tmstring, stats[i].starttime);
977 fprintf(out, "%s\t%" APR_TIME_T_FMT "\t%" APR_TIME_T_FMT
978 "\t%" APR_TIME_T_FMT "\t%" APR_TIME_T_FMT
979 "\t%" APR_TIME_T_FMT "\n", tmstring,
980 apr_time_sec(stats[i].starttime),
981 ap_round_ms(stats[i].ctime),
982 ap_round_ms(stats[i].time - stats[i].ctime),
983 ap_round_ms(stats[i].time),
984 ap_round_ms(stats[i].waittime));
995 /* --------------------------------------------------------- */
997 /* calculate and output results in HTML */
999 static void output_html_results(void)
1001 double timetaken = (double) (lasttime - start) / APR_USEC_PER_SEC;
1003 printf("\n\n<table %s>\n", tablestring);
1004 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Server Software:</th>"
1005 "<td colspan=2 %s>%s</td></tr>\n",
1006 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, servername);
1007 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Server Hostname:</th>"
1008 "<td colspan=2 %s>%s</td></tr>\n",
1009 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, hostname);
1010 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Server Port:</th>"
1011 "<td colspan=2 %s>%hu</td></tr>\n",
1012 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, port);
1013 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Document Path:</th>"
1014 "<td colspan=2 %s>%s</td></tr>\n",
1015 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, path);
1016 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Document Length:</th>"
1017 "<td colspan=2 %s>%" APR_SIZE_T_FMT " bytes</td></tr>\n",
1018 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, doclen);
1019 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Concurrency Level:</th>"
1020 "<td colspan=2 %s>%d</td></tr>\n",
1021 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, concurrency);
1022 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Time taken for tests:</th>"
1023 "<td colspan=2 %s>%.3f seconds</td></tr>\n",
1024 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, timetaken);
1025 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Complete requests:</th>"
1026 "<td colspan=2 %s>%d</td></tr>\n",
1027 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, done);
1028 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Failed requests:</th>"
1029 "<td colspan=2 %s>%d</td></tr>\n",
1030 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, bad);
1032 printf("<tr %s><td colspan=4 %s > (Connect: %d, Length: %d, Exceptions: %d)</td></tr>\n",
1033 trstring, tdstring, err_conn, err_length, err_except);
1035 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Non-2xx responses:</th>"
1036 "<td colspan=2 %s>%d</td></tr>\n",
1037 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, err_response);
1039 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Keep-Alive requests:</th>"
1040 "<td colspan=2 %s>%d</td></tr>\n",
1041 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, doneka);
1042 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Total transferred:</th>"
1043 "<td colspan=2 %s>%" APR_INT64_T_FMT " bytes</td></tr>\n",
1044 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, totalread);
1046 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Total POSTed:</th>"
1047 "<td colspan=2 %s>%" APR_INT64_T_FMT "</td></tr>\n",
1048 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, totalposted);
1049 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>HTML transferred:</th>"
1050 "<td colspan=2 %s>%" APR_INT64_T_FMT " bytes</td></tr>\n",
1051 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, totalbread);
1053 /* avoid divide by zero */
1055 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Requests per second:</th>"
1056 "<td colspan=2 %s>%.2f</td></tr>\n",
1057 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, (double) done * 1000 / timetaken);
1058 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Transfer rate:</th>"
1059 "<td colspan=2 %s>%.2f kb/s received</td></tr>\n",
1060 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, (double) totalread / timetaken);
1062 printf("<tr %s><td colspan=2 %s> </td>"
1063 "<td colspan=2 %s>%.2f kb/s sent</td></tr>\n",
1064 trstring, tdstring, tdstring,
1065 (double) totalposted / timetaken);
1066 printf("<tr %s><td colspan=2 %s> </td>"
1067 "<td colspan=2 %s>%.2f kb/s total</td></tr>\n",
1068 trstring, tdstring, tdstring,
1069 (double) (totalread + totalposted) / timetaken);
1073 /* work out connection times */
1075 apr_interval_time_t totalcon = 0, total = 0;
1076 apr_interval_time_t mincon = AB_MAX, mintot = AB_MAX;
1077 apr_interval_time_t maxcon = 0, maxtot = 0;
1079 for (i = 0; i < done; i++) {
1080 struct data *s = &stats[i];
1081 mincon = ap_min(mincon, s->ctime);
1082 mintot = ap_min(mintot, s->time);
1083 maxcon = ap_max(maxcon, s->ctime);
1084 maxtot = ap_max(maxtot, s->time);
1085 totalcon += s->ctime;
1089 * Reduce stats from apr time to milliseconds
1091 mincon = ap_round_ms(mincon);
1092 mintot = ap_round_ms(mintot);
1093 maxcon = ap_round_ms(maxcon);
1094 maxtot = ap_round_ms(maxtot);
1095 totalcon = ap_round_ms(totalcon);
1096 total = ap_round_ms(total);
1098 if (done > 0) { /* avoid division by zero (if 0 done) */
1099 printf("<tr %s><th %s colspan=4>Connnection Times (ms)</th></tr>\n",
1100 trstring, tdstring);
1101 printf("<tr %s><th %s> </th> <th %s>min</th> <th %s>avg</th> <th %s>max</th></tr>\n",
1102 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, tdstring, tdstring);
1103 printf("<tr %s><th %s>Connect:</th>"
1104 "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td>"
1105 "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td>"
1106 "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td></tr>\n",
1107 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, mincon, tdstring, totalcon / done, tdstring, maxcon);
1108 printf("<tr %s><th %s>Processing:</th>"
1109 "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td>"
1110 "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td>"
1111 "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td></tr>\n",
1112 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, mintot - mincon, tdstring,
1113 (total / done) - (totalcon / done), tdstring, maxtot - maxcon);
1114 printf("<tr %s><th %s>Total:</th>"
1115 "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td>"
1116 "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td>"
1117 "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td></tr>\n",
1118 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, mintot, tdstring, total / done, tdstring, maxtot);
1120 printf("</table>\n");
1124 /* --------------------------------------------------------- */
1126 /* start asnchronous non-blocking connection */
1128 static void start_connect(struct connection * c)
1132 if (!(started < requests))
1142 apr_pool_clear(c->ctx);
1144 apr_pool_create(&c->ctx, cntxt);
1146 if ((rv = apr_socket_create(&c->aprsock, destsa->family,
1147 SOCK_STREAM, 0, c->ctx)) != APR_SUCCESS) {
1148 apr_err("socket", rv);
1150 if ((rv = apr_socket_opt_set(c->aprsock, APR_SO_NONBLOCK, 1))
1152 apr_err("socket nonblock", rv);
1155 if (windowsize != 0) {
1156 rv = apr_socket_opt_set(c->aprsock, APR_SO_SNDBUF,
1158 if (rv != APR_SUCCESS && rv != APR_ENOTIMPL) {
1159 apr_err("socket send buffer", rv);
1161 rv = apr_socket_opt_set(c->aprsock, APR_SO_RCVBUF,
1163 if (rv != APR_SUCCESS && rv != APR_ENOTIMPL) {
1164 apr_err("socket receive buffer", rv);
1168 c->start = lasttime = apr_time_now();
1174 if ((c->ssl = SSL_new(ssl_ctx)) == NULL) {
1175 BIO_printf(bio_err, "SSL_new failed.\n");
1176 ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
1180 apr_os_sock_get(&fd, c->aprsock);
1181 bio = BIO_new_socket(fd, BIO_NOCLOSE);
1182 SSL_set_bio(c->ssl, bio, bio);
1183 SSL_set_connect_state(c->ssl);
1184 if (verbosity >= 4) {
1185 BIO_set_callback(bio, ssl_print_cb);
1186 BIO_set_callback_arg(bio, (void *)bio_err);
1192 if ((rv = apr_socket_connect(c->aprsock, destsa)) != APR_SUCCESS) {
1193 if (APR_STATUS_IS_EINPROGRESS(rv)) {
1194 apr_pollfd_t new_pollfd;
1195 c->state = STATE_CONNECTING;
1197 new_pollfd.desc_type = APR_POLL_SOCKET;
1198 new_pollfd.reqevents = APR_POLLOUT;
1199 new_pollfd.desc.s = c->aprsock;
1200 new_pollfd.client_data = c;
1201 apr_pollset_add(readbits, &new_pollfd);
1205 apr_pollfd_t remove_pollfd;
1206 remove_pollfd.desc_type = APR_POLL_SOCKET;
1207 remove_pollfd.desc.s = c->aprsock;
1208 apr_pollset_remove(readbits, &remove_pollfd);
1209 apr_socket_close(c->aprsock);
1213 "\nTest aborted after 10 failures\n\n");
1214 apr_err("apr_socket_connect()", rv);
1216 c->state = STATE_UNCONNECTED;
1222 /* connected first time */
1223 c->state = STATE_CONNECTED;
1227 ssl_proceed_handshake(c);
1235 /* --------------------------------------------------------- */
1237 /* close down connection and save stats */
1239 static void close_connection(struct connection * c)
1241 if (c->read == 0 && c->keepalive) {
1243 * server has legitimately shut down an idle keep alive request
1246 good--; /* connection never happened */
1250 /* first time here */
1253 else if (c->bread != doclen) {
1258 if (done < requests) {
1259 struct data *s = &stats[done++];
1260 c->done = lasttime = apr_time_now();
1261 s->starttime = c->start;
1262 s->ctime = ap_max(0, c->connect - c->start);
1263 s->time = ap_max(0, c->done - c->start);
1264 s->waittime = ap_max(0, c->beginread - c->endwrite);
1265 if (heartbeatres && !(done % heartbeatres)) {
1266 fprintf(stderr, "Completed %d requests\n", done);
1273 apr_pollfd_t remove_pollfd;
1274 remove_pollfd.desc_type = APR_POLL_SOCKET;
1275 remove_pollfd.desc.s = c->aprsock;
1276 apr_pollset_remove(readbits, &remove_pollfd);
1279 SSL_shutdown(c->ssl);
1284 apr_socket_close(c->aprsock);
1286 c->state = STATE_UNCONNECTED;
1293 /* --------------------------------------------------------- */
1295 /* read data from connection */
1297 static void read_connection(struct connection * c)
1300 apr_status_t status;
1302 char respcode[4]; /* 3 digits and null */
1307 status = SSL_read(c->ssl, buffer, r);
1309 int scode = SSL_get_error(c->ssl, status);
1311 if (scode == SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN) {
1312 /* connection closed cleanly: */
1314 close_connection(c);
1316 else if (scode != SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE
1317 && scode != SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ) {
1318 /* some fatal error: */
1320 BIO_printf(bio_err, "SSL read failed - closing connection\n");
1321 ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
1322 close_connection(c);
1331 status = apr_socket_recv(c->aprsock, buffer, &r);
1332 if (APR_STATUS_IS_EAGAIN(status))
1334 else if (r == 0 && APR_STATUS_IS_EOF(status)) {
1336 close_connection(c);
1339 /* catch legitimate fatal apr_socket_recv errors */
1340 else if (status != APR_SUCCESS) {
1344 close_connection(c);
1345 if (verbosity >= 1) {
1347 fprintf(stderr,"%s: %s (%d)\n", "apr_socket_recv", apr_strerror(status, buf, sizeof buf), status);
1351 apr_err("apr_socket_recv", status);
1358 c->beginread = apr_time_now();
1363 if (!c->gotheader) {
1366 apr_size_t space = CBUFFSIZE - c->cbx - 1; /* -1 allows for \0 term */
1367 int tocopy = (space < r) ? space : r;
1369 apr_size_t inbytes_left = space, outbytes_left = space;
1371 status = apr_xlate_conv_buffer(from_ascii, buffer, &inbytes_left,
1372 c->cbuff + c->cbx, &outbytes_left);
1373 if (status || inbytes_left || outbytes_left) {
1374 fprintf(stderr, "only simple translation is supported (%d/%" APR_SIZE_T_FMT
1375 "/%" APR_SIZE_T_FMT ")\n", status, inbytes_left, outbytes_left);
1379 memcpy(c->cbuff + c->cbx, buffer, space);
1380 #endif /* NOT_ASCII */
1383 c->cbuff[c->cbx] = 0; /* terminate for benefit of strstr */
1384 if (verbosity >= 2) {
1385 printf("LOG: header received:\n%s\n", c->cbuff);
1387 s = strstr(c->cbuff, "\r\n\r\n");
1389 * this next line is so that we talk to NCSA 1.5 which blatantly
1390 * breaks the http specifaction
1393 s = strstr(c->cbuff, "\n\n");
1398 /* read rest next time */
1403 /* header is in invalid or too big - close connection */
1404 apr_pollfd_t remove_pollfd;
1405 remove_pollfd.desc_type = APR_POLL_SOCKET;
1406 remove_pollfd.desc.s = c->aprsock;
1407 apr_pollset_remove(readbits, &remove_pollfd);
1408 apr_socket_close(c->aprsock);
1411 err("\nTest aborted after 10 failures\n\n");
1417 /* have full header */
1420 * this is first time, extract some interesting info
1423 p = strstr(c->cbuff, "Server:");
1433 * XXX: this parsing isn't even remotely HTTP compliant... but in
1434 * the interest of speed it doesn't totally have to be, it just
1435 * needs to be extended to handle whatever servers folks want to
1436 * test against. -djg
1439 /* check response code */
1440 part = strstr(c->cbuff, "HTTP"); /* really HTTP/1.x_ */
1441 if (part && strlen(part) > strlen("HTTP/1.x_")) {
1442 strncpy(respcode, (part + strlen("HTTP/1.x_")), 3);
1446 strcpy(respcode, "500");
1449 if (respcode[0] != '2') {
1452 printf("WARNING: Response code not 2xx (%s)\n", respcode);
1454 else if (verbosity >= 3) {
1455 printf("LOG: Response code = %s\n", respcode);
1458 *s = 0; /* terminate at end of header */
1460 (strstr(c->cbuff, "Keep-Alive")
1461 || strstr(c->cbuff, "keep-alive"))) { /* for benefit of MSIIS */
1463 cl = strstr(c->cbuff, "Content-Length:");
1464 /* handle NCSA, which sends Content-length: */
1466 cl = strstr(c->cbuff, "Content-length:");
1469 /* response to HEAD doesn't have entity body */
1470 c->length = posting >= 0 ? atoi(cl + 16) : 0;
1472 /* The response may not have a Content-Length header */
1478 c->bread += c->cbx - (s + l - c->cbuff) + r - tocopy;
1479 totalbread += c->bread;
1483 /* outside header, everything we have read is entity body */
1488 if (c->keepalive && (c->bread >= c->length)) {
1489 /* finished a keep-alive connection */
1493 /* first time here */
1496 else if (c->bread != doclen) {
1500 if (done < requests) {
1501 struct data *s = &stats[done++];
1503 c->done = apr_time_now();
1504 s->starttime = c->start;
1505 s->ctime = ap_max(0, c->connect - c->start);
1506 s->time = ap_max(0, c->done - c->start);
1507 s->waittime = ap_max(0, c->beginread - c->endwrite);
1508 if (heartbeatres && !(done % heartbeatres)) {
1509 fprintf(stderr, "Completed %d requests\n", done);
1517 c->read = c->bread = 0;
1518 /* zero connect time with keep-alive */
1519 c->start = c->connect = lasttime = apr_time_now();
1524 /* --------------------------------------------------------- */
1528 static void test(void)
1530 apr_time_t stoptime;
1533 apr_status_t status;
1534 int snprintf_res = 0;
1536 apr_size_t inbytes_left, outbytes_left;
1540 connecthost = apr_pstrdup(cntxt, proxyhost);
1541 connectport = proxyport;
1544 connecthost = apr_pstrdup(cntxt, hostname);
1549 printf("Benchmarking %s ", hostname);
1551 printf("[through %s:%d] ", proxyhost, proxyport);
1552 printf("(be patient)%s",
1553 (heartbeatres ? "\n" : "..."));
1557 con = calloc(concurrency, sizeof(struct connection));
1559 stats = calloc(requests, sizeof(struct data));
1561 if ((status = apr_pollset_create(&readbits, concurrency, cntxt, 0)) != APR_SUCCESS) {
1562 apr_err("apr_pollset_create failed", status);
1565 /* add default headers if necessary */
1567 /* Host: header not overridden, add default value to hdrs */
1568 hdrs = apr_pstrcat(cntxt, hdrs, "Host: ", host_field, colonhost, "\r\n", NULL);
1571 /* Header overridden, no need to add, as it is already in hdrs */
1574 if (!opt_useragent) {
1575 /* User-Agent: header not overridden, add default value to hdrs */
1576 hdrs = apr_pstrcat(cntxt, hdrs, "User-Agent: ApacheBench/", AP_AB_BASEREVISION, "\r\n", NULL);
1579 /* Header overridden, no need to add, as it is already in hdrs */
1583 /* Accept: header not overridden, add default value to hdrs */
1584 hdrs = apr_pstrcat(cntxt, hdrs, "Accept: */*\r\n", NULL);
1587 /* Header overridden, no need to add, as it is already in hdrs */
1592 snprintf_res = apr_snprintf(request, sizeof(_request),
1593 "%s %s HTTP/1.0\r\n"
1596 (posting == 0) ? "GET" : "HEAD",
1597 (isproxy) ? fullurl : path,
1598 keepalive ? "Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n" : "",
1599 cookie, auth, hdrs);
1602 snprintf_res = apr_snprintf(request, sizeof(_request),
1603 "POST %s HTTP/1.0\r\n"
1605 "Content-length: %" APR_SIZE_T_FMT "\r\n"
1606 "Content-type: %s\r\n"
1609 (isproxy) ? fullurl : path,
1610 keepalive ? "Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n" : "",
1613 (content_type[0]) ? content_type : "text/plain", hdrs);
1615 if (snprintf_res >= sizeof(_request)) {
1616 err("Request too long\n");
1620 printf("INFO: POST header == \n---\n%s\n---\n", request);
1622 reqlen = strlen(request);
1625 * Combine headers and (optional) post file into one contineous buffer
1628 char *buff = malloc(postlen + reqlen + 1);
1630 fprintf(stderr, "error creating request buffer: out of memory\n");
1633 strcpy(buff, request);
1634 memcpy(buff + reqlen, postdata, postlen);
1639 inbytes_left = outbytes_left = reqlen;
1640 status = apr_xlate_conv_buffer(to_ascii, request, &inbytes_left,
1641 request, &outbytes_left);
1642 if (status || inbytes_left || outbytes_left) {
1643 fprintf(stderr, "only simple translation is supported (%d/%"
1644 APR_SIZE_T_FMT "/%" APR_SIZE_T_FMT ")\n",
1645 status, inbytes_left, outbytes_left);
1648 #endif /* NOT_ASCII */
1650 /* This only needs to be done once */
1651 if ((rv = apr_sockaddr_info_get(&destsa, connecthost, APR_UNSPEC, connectport, 0, cntxt))
1654 apr_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
1655 "apr_sockaddr_info_get() for %s", connecthost);
1659 /* ok - lets start */
1660 start = lasttime = apr_time_now();
1661 stoptime = tlimit ? (start + apr_time_from_sec(tlimit)) : AB_MAX;
1664 /* Output the results if the user terminates the run early. */
1665 apr_signal(SIGINT, output_results);
1668 /* initialise lots of requests */
1669 for (i = 0; i < concurrency; i++) {
1671 start_connect(&con[i]);
1676 const apr_pollfd_t *pollresults;
1679 status = apr_pollset_poll(readbits, aprtimeout, &n, &pollresults);
1680 if (status != APR_SUCCESS)
1681 apr_err("apr_poll", status);
1684 err("\nServer timed out\n\n");
1687 for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
1688 const apr_pollfd_t *next_fd = &(pollresults[i]);
1689 struct connection *c;
1691 c = next_fd->client_data;
1694 * If the connection isn't connected how can we check it?
1696 if (c->state == STATE_UNCONNECTED)
1699 rv = next_fd->rtnevents;
1702 if (c->state == STATE_CONNECTED && c->ssl && SSL_in_init(c->ssl)) {
1703 ssl_proceed_handshake(c);
1709 * Notes: APR_POLLHUP is set after FIN is received on some
1710 * systems, so treat that like APR_POLLIN so that we try to read
1713 * Some systems return APR_POLLERR with APR_POLLHUP. We need to
1714 * call read_connection() for APR_POLLHUP, so check for
1715 * APR_POLLHUP first so that a closed connection isn't treated
1716 * like an I/O error. If it is, we never figure out that the
1717 * connection is done and we loop here endlessly calling
1720 if ((rv & APR_POLLIN) || (rv & APR_POLLPRI) || (rv & APR_POLLHUP))
1722 if ((rv & APR_POLLERR) || (rv & APR_POLLNVAL)) {
1728 if (rv & APR_POLLOUT) {
1729 if (c->state == STATE_CONNECTING) {
1730 apr_pollfd_t remove_pollfd;
1731 rv = apr_socket_connect(c->aprsock, destsa);
1732 remove_pollfd.desc_type = APR_POLL_SOCKET;
1733 remove_pollfd.desc.s = c->aprsock;
1734 apr_pollset_remove(readbits, &remove_pollfd);
1735 if (rv != APR_SUCCESS) {
1736 apr_socket_close(c->aprsock);
1740 "\nTest aborted after 10 failures\n\n");
1741 apr_err("apr_socket_connect()", rv);
1743 c->state = STATE_UNCONNECTED;
1748 c->state = STATE_CONNECTED;
1752 ssl_proceed_handshake(c);
1764 * When using a select based poll every time we check the bits
1765 * are reset. In 1.3's ab we copied the FD_SET's each time
1766 * through, but here we're going to check the state and if the
1767 * connection is in STATE_READ or STATE_CONNECTING we'll add the
1768 * socket back in as APR_POLLIN.
1770 if (c->state == STATE_READ) {
1771 apr_pollfd_t new_pollfd;
1772 new_pollfd.desc_type = APR_POLL_SOCKET;
1773 new_pollfd.reqevents = APR_POLLIN;
1774 new_pollfd.desc.s = c->aprsock;
1775 new_pollfd.client_data = c;
1776 apr_pollset_add(readbits, &new_pollfd);
1779 } while (lasttime < stoptime && done < requests);
1782 fprintf(stderr, "Finished %d requests\n", done);
1787 output_html_results();
1792 /* ------------------------------------------------------- */
1794 /* display copyright information */
1795 static void copyright(void)
1798 printf("This is ApacheBench, Version %s\n", AP_AB_BASEREVISION " <$Revision$>");
1799 printf("Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/\n");
1800 printf("Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/\n");
1805 printf(" This is ApacheBench, Version %s <i><%s></i><br>\n", AP_AB_BASEREVISION, "$Revision$");
1806 printf(" Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/<br>\n");
1807 printf(" Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/<br>\n");
1808 printf("</p>\n<p>\n");
1812 /* display usage information */
1813 static void usage(const char *progname)
1815 fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [options] [http"
1819 "://]hostname[:port]/path\n", progname);
1820 /* 80 column ruler: ********************************************************************************
1822 fprintf(stderr, "Options are:\n");
1823 fprintf(stderr, " -n requests Number of requests to perform\n");
1824 fprintf(stderr, " -c concurrency Number of multiple requests to make\n");
1825 fprintf(stderr, " -t timelimit Seconds to max. wait for responses\n");
1826 fprintf(stderr, " -b windowsize Size of TCP send/receive buffer, in bytes\n");
1827 fprintf(stderr, " -p postfile File containing data to POST. Remember also to set -T\n");
1828 fprintf(stderr, " -T content-type Content-type header for POSTing, eg.\n");
1829 fprintf(stderr, " 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'\n");
1830 fprintf(stderr, " Default is 'text/plain'\n");
1831 fprintf(stderr, " -v verbosity How much troubleshooting info to print\n");
1832 fprintf(stderr, " -w Print out results in HTML tables\n");
1833 fprintf(stderr, " -i Use HEAD instead of GET\n");
1834 fprintf(stderr, " -x attributes String to insert as table attributes\n");
1835 fprintf(stderr, " -y attributes String to insert as tr attributes\n");
1836 fprintf(stderr, " -z attributes String to insert as td or th attributes\n");
1837 fprintf(stderr, " -C attribute Add cookie, eg. 'Apache=1234. (repeatable)\n");
1838 fprintf(stderr, " -H attribute Add Arbitrary header line, eg. 'Accept-Encoding: gzip'\n");
1839 fprintf(stderr, " Inserted after all normal header lines. (repeatable)\n");
1840 fprintf(stderr, " -A attribute Add Basic WWW Authentication, the attributes\n");
1841 fprintf(stderr, " are a colon separated username and password.\n");
1842 fprintf(stderr, " -P attribute Add Basic Proxy Authentication, the attributes\n");
1843 fprintf(stderr, " are a colon separated username and password.\n");
1844 fprintf(stderr, " -X proxy:port Proxyserver and port number to use\n");
1845 fprintf(stderr, " -V Print version number and exit\n");
1846 fprintf(stderr, " -k Use HTTP KeepAlive feature\n");
1847 fprintf(stderr, " -d Do not show percentiles served table.\n");
1848 fprintf(stderr, " -S Do not show confidence estimators and warnings.\n");
1849 fprintf(stderr, " -g filename Output collected data to gnuplot format file.\n");
1850 fprintf(stderr, " -e filename Output CSV file with percentages served\n");
1851 fprintf(stderr, " -r Don't exit on socket receive errors.\n");
1852 fprintf(stderr, " -h Display usage information (this message)\n");
1854 fprintf(stderr, " -Z ciphersuite Specify SSL/TLS cipher suite (See openssl ciphers)\n");
1855 fprintf(stderr, " -f protocol Specify SSL/TLS protocol (SSL2, SSL3, TLS1, or ALL)\n");
1860 /* ------------------------------------------------------- */
1862 /* split URL into parts */
1864 static int parse_url(char *url)
1871 /* Save a copy for the proxy */
1872 fullurl = apr_pstrdup(cntxt, url);
1874 if (strlen(url) > 7 && strncmp(url, "http://", 7) == 0) {
1882 if (strlen(url) > 8 && strncmp(url, "https://", 8) == 0) {
1887 if (strlen(url) > 8 && strncmp(url, "https://", 8) == 0) {
1888 fprintf(stderr, "SSL not compiled in; no https support\n");
1893 if ((cp = strchr(url, '/')) == NULL)
1895 h = apr_pstrmemdup(cntxt, url, cp - url);
1896 rv = apr_parse_addr_port(&hostname, &scope_id, &port, h, cntxt);
1897 if (rv != APR_SUCCESS || !hostname || scope_id) {
1900 path = apr_pstrdup(cntxt, cp);
1902 if (*url == '[') { /* IPv6 numeric address string */
1903 host_field = apr_psprintf(cntxt, "[%s]", hostname);
1906 host_field = hostname;
1909 if (port == 0) { /* no port specified */
1920 is_ssl && (port != 443)) || (!is_ssl &&
1924 colonhost = apr_psprintf(cntxt,":%d",port);
1930 /* ------------------------------------------------------- */
1932 /* read data to POST from file, save contents and length */
1934 static int open_postfile(const char *pfile)
1941 rv = apr_file_open(&postfd, pfile, APR_READ, APR_OS_DEFAULT, cntxt);
1942 if (rv != APR_SUCCESS) {
1943 fprintf(stderr, "ab: Could not open POST data file (%s): %s\n", pfile,
1944 apr_strerror(rv, errmsg, sizeof errmsg));
1948 rv = apr_file_info_get(&finfo, APR_FINFO_NORM, postfd);
1949 if (rv != APR_SUCCESS) {
1950 fprintf(stderr, "ab: Could not stat POST data file (%s): %s\n", pfile,
1951 apr_strerror(rv, errmsg, sizeof errmsg));
1954 postlen = (apr_size_t)finfo.size;
1955 postdata = malloc(postlen);
1957 fprintf(stderr, "ab: Could not allocate POST data buffer\n");
1960 rv = apr_file_read_full(postfd, postdata, postlen, NULL);
1961 if (rv != APR_SUCCESS) {
1962 fprintf(stderr, "ab: Could not read POST data file: %s\n",
1963 apr_strerror(rv, errmsg, sizeof errmsg));
1966 apr_file_close(postfd);
1970 /* ------------------------------------------------------- */
1972 /* sort out command-line args and call test */
1973 int main(int argc, const char * const argv[])
1977 apr_status_t status;
1982 SSL_METHOD *meth = SSLv23_client_method();
1985 /* table defaults */
1988 tdstring = "bgcolor=white";
1991 proxyhost[0] = '\0';
1994 apr_app_initialize(&argc, &argv, NULL);
1995 atexit(apr_terminate);
1996 apr_pool_create(&cntxt, NULL);
1999 status = apr_xlate_open(&to_ascii, "ISO-8859-1", APR_DEFAULT_CHARSET, cntxt);
2001 fprintf(stderr, "apr_xlate_open(to ASCII)->%d\n", status);
2004 status = apr_xlate_open(&from_ascii, APR_DEFAULT_CHARSET, "ISO-8859-1", cntxt);
2006 fprintf(stderr, "apr_xlate_open(from ASCII)->%d\n", status);
2009 status = apr_base64init_ebcdic(to_ascii, from_ascii);
2011 fprintf(stderr, "apr_base64init_ebcdic()->%d\n", status);
2016 apr_getopt_init(&opt, cntxt, argc, argv);
2017 while ((status = apr_getopt(opt, "n:c:t:b:T:p:v:rkVhwix:y:z:C:H:P:A:g:X:de:Sq"
2021 ,&c, &optarg)) == APR_SUCCESS) {
2024 requests = atoi(optarg);
2025 if (requests <= 0) {
2026 err("Invalid number of requests\n");
2036 concurrency = atoi(optarg);
2039 windowsize = atoi(optarg);
2043 err("Cannot mix POST and HEAD\n");
2047 gnuplot = strdup(optarg);
2053 csvperc = strdup(optarg);
2060 err("Cannot mix POST and HEAD\n");
2061 if (0 == (r = open_postfile(optarg))) {
2064 else if (postdata) {
2072 verbosity = atoi(optarg);
2075 tlimit = atoi(optarg);
2076 requests = MAX_REQUESTS; /* need to size data array on
2080 strcpy(content_type, optarg);
2083 cookie = apr_pstrcat(cntxt, "Cookie: ", optarg, "\r\n", NULL);
2087 * assume username passwd already to be in colon separated form.
2088 * Ready to be uu-encoded.
2090 while (apr_isspace(*optarg))
2092 if (apr_base64_encode_len(strlen(optarg)) > sizeof(tmp)) {
2093 err("Authentication credentials too long\n");
2095 l = apr_base64_encode(tmp, optarg, strlen(optarg));
2098 auth = apr_pstrcat(cntxt, auth, "Authorization: Basic ", tmp,
2103 * assume username passwd already to be in colon separated form.
2105 while (apr_isspace(*optarg))
2107 if (apr_base64_encode_len(strlen(optarg)) > sizeof(tmp)) {
2108 err("Proxy credentials too long\n");
2110 l = apr_base64_encode(tmp, optarg, strlen(optarg));
2113 auth = apr_pstrcat(cntxt, auth, "Proxy-Authorization: Basic ",
2117 hdrs = apr_pstrcat(cntxt, hdrs, optarg, "\r\n", NULL);
2119 * allow override of some of the common headers that ab adds
2121 if (strncasecmp(optarg, "Host:", 5) == 0) {
2123 } else if (strncasecmp(optarg, "Accept:", 7) == 0) {
2125 } else if (strncasecmp(optarg, "User-Agent:", 11) == 0) {
2133 * if any of the following three are used, turn on html output
2138 tablestring = optarg;
2144 * assume proxy-name[:port]
2146 if ((p = strchr(optarg, ':'))) {
2149 proxyport = atoi(p);
2151 strcpy(proxyhost, optarg);
2171 ssl_cipher = strdup(optarg);
2174 if (strncasecmp(optarg, "ALL", 3) == 0) {
2175 meth = SSLv23_client_method();
2176 } else if (strncasecmp(optarg, "SSL2", 4) == 0) {
2177 meth = SSLv2_client_method();
2178 } else if (strncasecmp(optarg, "SSL3", 4) == 0) {
2179 meth = SSLv3_client_method();
2180 } else if (strncasecmp(optarg, "TLS1", 4) == 0) {
2181 meth = TLSv1_client_method();
2188 if (opt->ind != argc - 1) {
2189 fprintf(stderr, "%s: wrong number of arguments\n", argv[0]);
2193 if (parse_url(apr_pstrdup(cntxt, opt->argv[opt->ind++]))) {
2194 fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid URL\n", argv[0]);
2198 if ((concurrency < 0) || (concurrency > MAX_CONCURRENCY)) {
2199 fprintf(stderr, "%s: Invalid Concurrency [Range 0..%d]\n",
2200 argv[0], MAX_CONCURRENCY);
2204 if (concurrency > requests) {
2205 fprintf(stderr, "%s: Cannot use concurrency level greater than "
2206 "total number of requests\n", argv[0]);
2210 if ((heartbeatres) && (requests > 150)) {
2211 heartbeatres = requests / 10; /* Print line every 10% of requests */
2212 if (heartbeatres < 100)
2213 heartbeatres = 100; /* but never more often than once every 100
2223 CRYPTO_malloc_init();
2225 SSL_load_error_strings();
2227 bio_out=BIO_new_fp(stdout,BIO_NOCLOSE);
2228 bio_err=BIO_new_fp(stderr,BIO_NOCLOSE);
2230 if (!(ssl_ctx = SSL_CTX_new(meth))) {
2231 BIO_printf(bio_err, "Could not initialize SSL Context.\n");
2232 ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
2235 SSL_CTX_set_options(ssl_ctx, SSL_OP_ALL);
2236 if (ssl_cipher != NULL) {
2237 if (!SSL_CTX_set_cipher_list(ssl_ctx, ssl_cipher)) {
2238 fprintf(stderr, "error setting cipher list [%s]\n", ssl_cipher);
2239 ERR_print_errors_fp(stderr);
2243 if (verbosity >= 3) {
2244 SSL_CTX_set_info_callback(ssl_ctx, ssl_state_cb);
2248 apr_signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN); /* Ignore writes to connections that
2249 * have been closed at the other end. */
2253 apr_pool_destroy(cntxt);