1 /* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
2 * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
3 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
4 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
5 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
6 * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
8 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14 * limitations under the License.
18 ** This program is based on ZeusBench V1.0 written by Adam Twiss
19 ** which is Copyright (c) 1996 by Zeus Technology Ltd. http://www.zeustech.net/
21 ** This software is provided "as is" and any express or implied waranties,
22 ** including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and
23 ** fitness for a particular purpose are disclaimed. In no event shall
24 ** Zeus Technology Ltd. be liable for any direct, indirect, incidental, special,
25 ** exemplary, or consequential damaged (including, but not limited to,
26 ** procurement of substitute good or services; loss of use, data, or profits;
27 ** or business interruption) however caused and on theory of liability. Whether
28 ** in contract, strict liability or tort (including negligence or otherwise)
29 ** arising in any way out of the use of this software, even if advised of the
30 ** possibility of such damage.
36 ** - Originally written by Adam Twiss <adam@zeus.co.uk>, March 1996
37 ** with input from Mike Belshe <mbelshe@netscape.com> and
38 ** Michael Campanella <campanella@stevms.enet.dec.com>
39 ** - Enhanced by Dean Gaudet <dgaudet@apache.org>, November 1997
40 ** - Cleaned up by Ralf S. Engelschall <rse@apache.org>, March 1998
41 ** - POST and verbosity by Kurt Sussman <kls@merlot.com>, August 1998
42 ** - HTML table output added by David N. Welton <davidw@prosa.it>, January 1999
43 ** - Added Cookie, Arbitrary header and auth support. <dirkx@webweaving.org>, April 1999
45 ** - Increased version number - as some of the socket/error handling has
46 ** fundamentally changed - and will give fundamentally different results
47 ** in situations where a server is dropping requests. Therefore you can
48 ** no longer compare results of AB as easily. Hence the inc of the version.
49 ** They should be closer to the truth though. Sander & <dirkx@covalent.net>, End 2000.
50 ** - Fixed proxy functionality, added median/mean statistics, added gnuplot
51 ** output option, added _experimental/rudimentary_ SSL support. Added
52 ** confidence guestimators and warnings. Sander & <dirkx@covalent.net>, End 2000
53 ** - Fixed serious int overflow issues which would cause realistic (longer
54 ** than a few minutes) run's to have wrong (but believable) results. Added
55 ** trapping of connection errors which influenced measurements.
56 ** Contributed by Sander Temme, Early 2001
58 ** - Changed timeout behavour during write to work whilst the sockets
59 ** are filling up and apr_write() does writes a few - but not all.
60 ** This will potentially change results. <dirkx@webweaving.org>, April 2001
62 ** Improvements to concurrent processing:
63 ** - Enabled non-blocking connect()s.
64 ** - Prevent blocking calls to apr_socket_recv() (thereby allowing AB to
65 ** manage its entire set of socket descriptors).
66 ** - Any error returned from apr_socket_recv() that is not EAGAIN or EOF
67 ** is now treated as fatal.
68 ** Contributed by Aaron Bannert, April 24, 2002
71 ** Internalized the version string - this string is part
72 ** of the Agent: header and the result output.
75 ** Adopted SSL code by Madhu Mathihalli <madhusudan_mathihalli@hp.com>
76 ** [PATCH] ab with SSL support Posted Wed, 15 Aug 2001 20:55:06 GMT
77 ** Introduces four 'if (int == value)' tests per non-ssl request.
80 ** Switched to the new abstract pollset API, allowing ab to
81 ** take advantage of future apr_pollset_t scalability improvements.
82 ** Contributed by Brian Pane, August 31, 2002
85 ** SIGINT now triggers output_results().
86 ** Contributed by colm, March 30, 2006
89 /* Note: this version string should start with \d+[\d\.]* and be a valid
90 * string for an HTTP Agent: header when prefixed with 'ApacheBench/'.
91 * It should reflect the version of AB - and not that of the apache server
92 * it happens to accompany. And it should be updated or changed whenever
93 * the results are no longer fundamentally comparable to the results of
94 * a previous version of ab. Either due to a change in the logic of
95 * ab - or to due to a change in the distribution it is compiled with
96 * (such as an APR change in for example blocking).
98 #define AP_AB_BASEREVISION "2.3"
104 * - has various other poor buffer attacks related to the lazy parsing of
105 * response headers from the server
106 * - doesn't implement much of HTTP/1.x, only accepts certain forms of
108 * - (performance problem) heavy use of strstr shows up top in profile
109 * only an issue for loopback usage
112 /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
115 /* Hmmm... This source code isn't being compiled in ASCII.
116 * In order for data that flows over the network to make
117 * sense, we need to translate to/from ASCII.
122 /* affects include files on Solaris */
126 #include "apr_signal.h"
127 #include "apr_strings.h"
128 #include "apr_network_io.h"
129 #include "apr_file_io.h"
130 #include "apr_time.h"
131 #include "apr_getopt.h"
132 #include "apr_general.h"
134 #include "apr_portable.h"
135 #include "ap_release.h"
136 #include "apr_poll.h"
138 #define APR_WANT_STRFUNC
139 #include "apr_want.h"
141 #include "apr_base64.h"
143 #include "apr_xlate.h"
148 #if APR_HAVE_STDLIB_H
151 #if APR_HAVE_UNISTD_H
152 #include <unistd.h> /* for getpid() */
155 #if !defined(WIN32) && !defined(NETWARE)
156 #include "ap_config_auto.h"
159 #if defined(HAVE_OPENSSL)
161 #include <openssl/rsa.h>
162 #include <openssl/crypto.h>
163 #include <openssl/x509.h>
164 #include <openssl/pem.h>
165 #include <openssl/err.h>
166 #include <openssl/ssl.h>
167 #include <openssl/rand.h>
169 #define SK_NUM(x) sk_X509_num(x)
170 #define SK_VALUE(x,y) sk_X509_value(x,y)
171 typedef STACK_OF(X509) X509_STACK_TYPE;
176 #if (OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x00909000)
177 #define AB_SSL_METHOD_CONST const
179 #define AB_SSL_METHOD_CONST
181 #if (OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x0090707f)
182 #define AB_SSL_CIPHER_CONST const
184 #define AB_SSL_CIPHER_CONST
186 #ifdef SSL_OP_NO_TLSv1_2
195 #if APR_HAVE_LIMITS_H
199 /* ------------------- DEFINITIONS -------------------------- */
202 #define AB_MAX APR_INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff)
204 #define AB_MAX LLONG_MAX
207 /* maximum number of requests on a time limited test */
208 #define MAX_REQUESTS (INT_MAX > 50000 ? 50000 : INT_MAX)
211 * don't add enums or rearrange or otherwise change values without
212 * visiting set_conn_state()
215 STATE_UNCONNECTED = 0,
216 STATE_CONNECTING, /* TCP connect initiated, but we don't
217 * know if it worked yet
219 STATE_CONNECTED, /* we know TCP connect completed */
223 #define CBUFFSIZE (2048)
227 apr_socket_t *aprsock;
230 apr_size_t read; /* amount of bytes read */
231 apr_size_t bread; /* amount of body read */
232 apr_size_t rwrite, rwrote; /* keep pointers in what we write - across
234 apr_size_t length; /* Content-Length value used for keep-alive */
235 char cbuff[CBUFFSIZE]; /* a buffer to store server response header */
236 int cbx; /* offset in cbuffer */
237 int keepalive; /* non-zero if a keep-alive request */
238 int gotheader; /* non-zero if we have the entire header in
240 apr_time_t start, /* Start of connection */
241 connect, /* Connected, start writing */
242 endwrite, /* Request written */
243 beginread, /* First byte of input */
244 done; /* Connection closed */
253 apr_time_t starttime; /* start time of connection */
254 apr_interval_time_t waittime; /* between request and reading response */
255 apr_interval_time_t ctime; /* time to connect */
256 apr_interval_time_t time; /* time for connection */
259 #define ap_min(a,b) (((a)<(b))?(a):(b))
260 #define ap_max(a,b) (((a)>(b))?(a):(b))
261 #define ap_round_ms(a) ((apr_time_t)((a) + 500)/1000)
262 #define ap_double_ms(a) ((double)(a)/1000.0)
263 #define MAX_CONCURRENCY 20000
265 /* --------------------- GLOBALS ---------------------------- */
267 int verbosity = 0; /* no verbosity by default */
268 int recverrok = 0; /* ok to proceed after socket receive errors */
269 enum {NO_METH = 0, GET, HEAD, PUT, POST, CUSTOM_METHOD} method = NO_METH;
270 const char *method_str[] = {"bug", "GET", "HEAD", "PUT", "POST", ""};
271 int send_body = 0; /* non-zero if sending body with request */
272 int requests = 1; /* Number of requests to make */
273 int heartbeatres = 100; /* How often do we say we're alive */
274 int concurrency = 1; /* Number of multiple requests to make */
275 int percentile = 1; /* Show percentile served */
276 int nolength = 0; /* Accept variable document length */
277 int confidence = 1; /* Show confidence estimator and warnings */
278 int tlimit = 0; /* time limit in secs */
279 int keepalive = 0; /* try and do keepalive connections */
280 int windowsize = 0; /* we use the OS default window size */
281 char servername[1024]; /* name that server reports */
282 char *hostname; /* host name from URL */
283 const char *host_field; /* value of "Host:" header field */
284 const char *path; /* path name */
285 char *postdata; /* *buffer containing data from postfile */
286 apr_size_t postlen = 0; /* length of data to be POSTed */
287 char *content_type = NULL; /* content type to put in POST header */
288 const char *cookie, /* optional cookie line */
289 *auth, /* optional (basic/uuencoded) auhentication */
290 *hdrs; /* optional arbitrary headers */
291 apr_port_t port; /* port number */
292 char *proxyhost = NULL; /* proxy host name */
293 int proxyport = 0; /* proxy port */
294 const char *connecthost;
296 apr_port_t connectport;
297 const char *gnuplot; /* GNUplot file */
298 const char *csvperc; /* CSV Percentile file */
300 const char *colonhost;
302 apr_interval_time_t aprtimeout = apr_time_from_sec(30); /* timeout value */
304 /* overrides for ab-generated common headers */
305 int opt_host = 0; /* was an optional "Host:" header specified? */
306 int opt_useragent = 0; /* was an optional "User-Agent:" header specified? */
307 int opt_accept = 0; /* was an optional "Accept:" header specified? */
309 * XXX - this is now a per read/write transact type of value
312 int use_html = 0; /* use html in the report */
313 const char *tablestring;
314 const char *trstring;
315 const char *tdstring;
317 apr_size_t doclen = 0; /* the length the document should be */
318 apr_int64_t totalread = 0; /* total number of bytes read */
319 apr_int64_t totalbread = 0; /* totoal amount of entity body read */
320 apr_int64_t totalposted = 0; /* total number of bytes posted, inc. headers */
321 int started = 0; /* number of requests started, so no excess */
322 int done = 0; /* number of requests we have done */
323 int doneka = 0; /* number of keep alive connections done */
324 int good = 0, bad = 0; /* number of good and bad requests */
325 int epipe = 0; /* number of broken pipe writes */
326 int err_length = 0; /* requests failed due to response length */
327 int err_conn = 0; /* requests failed due to connection drop */
328 int err_recv = 0; /* requests failed due to broken read */
329 int err_except = 0; /* requests failed due to exception */
330 int err_response = 0; /* requests with invalid or non-200 response */
335 char *ssl_cipher = NULL;
336 char *ssl_info = NULL;
337 BIO *bio_out,*bio_err;
340 apr_time_t start, lasttime, stoptime;
342 /* global request (and its length) */
344 char *request = _request;
347 /* one global throw-away buffer to read stuff into */
350 /* interesting percentiles */
351 int percs[] = {50, 66, 75, 80, 90, 95, 98, 99, 100};
353 struct connection *con; /* connection array */
354 struct data *stats; /* data for each request */
357 apr_pollset_t *readbits;
359 apr_sockaddr_t *mysa;
360 apr_sockaddr_t *destsa;
363 apr_xlate_t *from_ascii, *to_ascii;
366 static void write_request(struct connection * c);
367 static void close_connection(struct connection * c);
369 /* --------------------------------------------------------- */
371 /* simple little function to write an error string and exit */
373 static void err(const char *s)
375 fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", s);
377 printf("Total of %d requests completed\n" , done);
381 /* simple little function to write an APR error string and exit */
383 static void apr_err(const char *s, apr_status_t rv)
389 s, apr_strerror(rv, buf, sizeof buf), rv);
391 printf("Total of %d requests completed\n" , done);
395 static void *xmalloc(size_t size)
397 void *ret = malloc(size);
399 fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate memory (%"
400 APR_SIZE_T_FMT" bytes)\n", size);
406 static void *xcalloc(size_t num, size_t size)
408 void *ret = calloc(num, size);
410 fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate memory (%"
411 APR_SIZE_T_FMT" bytes)\n", size*num);
417 static char *xstrdup(const char *s)
419 char *ret = strdup(s);
421 fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate memory (%"
422 APR_SIZE_T_FMT " bytes)\n", strlen(s));
428 /* pool abort function */
429 static int abort_on_oom(int retcode)
431 fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate memory\n");
437 static void set_polled_events(struct connection *c, apr_int16_t new_reqevents)
441 if (c->pollfd.reqevents != new_reqevents) {
442 if (c->pollfd.reqevents != 0) {
443 rv = apr_pollset_remove(readbits, &c->pollfd);
444 if (rv != APR_SUCCESS) {
445 apr_err("apr_pollset_remove()", rv);
449 if (new_reqevents != 0) {
450 c->pollfd.reqevents = new_reqevents;
451 rv = apr_pollset_add(readbits, &c->pollfd);
452 if (rv != APR_SUCCESS) {
453 apr_err("apr_pollset_add()", rv);
459 static void set_conn_state(struct connection *c, connect_state_e new_state)
461 apr_int16_t events_by_state[] = {
462 0, /* for STATE_UNCONNECTED */
463 APR_POLLOUT, /* for STATE_CONNECTING */
464 APR_POLLIN, /* for STATE_CONNECTED; we don't poll in this state,
465 * so prepare for polling in the following state --
468 APR_POLLIN /* for STATE_READ */
471 c->state = new_state;
473 set_polled_events(c, events_by_state[new_state]);
476 /* --------------------------------------------------------- */
477 /* write out request to a connection - assumes we can write
478 * (small) request out in one go into our new socket buffer
482 static long ssl_print_cb(BIO *bio,int cmd,const char *argp,int argi,long argl,long ret)
486 out=(BIO *)BIO_get_callback_arg(bio);
487 if (out == NULL) return(ret);
489 if (cmd == (BIO_CB_READ|BIO_CB_RETURN)) {
490 BIO_printf(out,"read from %p [%p] (%d bytes => %ld (0x%lX))\n",
491 bio, argp, argi, ret, ret);
492 BIO_dump(out,(char *)argp,(int)ret);
495 else if (cmd == (BIO_CB_WRITE|BIO_CB_RETURN)) {
496 BIO_printf(out,"write to %p [%p] (%d bytes => %ld (0x%lX))\n",
497 bio, argp, argi, ret, ret);
498 BIO_dump(out,(char *)argp,(int)ret);
503 static void ssl_state_cb(const SSL *s, int w, int r)
505 if (w & SSL_CB_ALERT) {
506 BIO_printf(bio_err, "SSL/TLS Alert [%s] %s:%s\n",
507 (w & SSL_CB_READ ? "read" : "write"),
508 SSL_alert_type_string_long(r),
509 SSL_alert_desc_string_long(r));
510 } else if (w & SSL_CB_LOOP) {
511 BIO_printf(bio_err, "SSL/TLS State [%s] %s\n",
512 (SSL_in_connect_init((SSL*)s) ? "connect" : "-"),
513 SSL_state_string_long(s));
514 } else if (w & (SSL_CB_HANDSHAKE_START|SSL_CB_HANDSHAKE_DONE)) {
515 BIO_printf(bio_err, "SSL/TLS Handshake [%s] %s\n",
516 (w & SSL_CB_HANDSHAKE_START ? "Start" : "Done"),
517 SSL_state_string_long(s));
522 #define RAND_MAX INT_MAX
525 static int ssl_rand_choosenum(int l, int h)
530 srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
531 apr_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.0f",
532 (((double)(rand()%RAND_MAX)/RAND_MAX)*(h-l)));
539 static void ssl_rand_seed(void)
544 unsigned char stackdata[256];
547 * seed in the current time (usually just 4 bytes)
551 RAND_seed((unsigned char *)&t, l);
554 * seed in the current process id (usually just 4 bytes)
558 RAND_seed((unsigned char *)&pid, l);
561 * seed in some current state of the run-time stack (128 bytes)
563 n = ssl_rand_choosenum(0, sizeof(stackdata)-128-1);
564 RAND_seed(stackdata+n, 128);
567 static int ssl_print_connection_info(BIO *bio, SSL *ssl)
569 AB_SSL_CIPHER_CONST SSL_CIPHER *c;
572 BIO_printf(bio,"Transport Protocol :%s\n", SSL_get_version(ssl));
574 c = SSL_get_current_cipher(ssl);
575 BIO_printf(bio,"Cipher Suite Protocol :%s\n", SSL_CIPHER_get_version(c));
576 BIO_printf(bio,"Cipher Suite Name :%s\n",SSL_CIPHER_get_name(c));
578 bits = SSL_CIPHER_get_bits(c,&alg_bits);
579 BIO_printf(bio,"Cipher Suite Cipher Bits:%d (%d)\n",bits,alg_bits);
584 static void ssl_print_cert_info(BIO *bio, X509 *cert)
590 BIO_printf(bio, "Certificate version: %ld\n", X509_get_version(cert)+1);
591 BIO_printf(bio,"Valid from: ");
592 ASN1_UTCTIME_print(bio, X509_get_notBefore(cert));
593 BIO_printf(bio,"\n");
595 BIO_printf(bio,"Valid to : ");
596 ASN1_UTCTIME_print(bio, X509_get_notAfter(cert));
597 BIO_printf(bio,"\n");
599 pk = X509_get_pubkey(cert);
600 BIO_printf(bio,"Public key is %d bits\n",
604 dn = X509_get_issuer_name(cert);
605 X509_NAME_oneline(dn, buf, sizeof(buf));
606 BIO_printf(bio,"The issuer name is %s\n", buf);
608 dn=X509_get_subject_name(cert);
609 X509_NAME_oneline(dn, buf, sizeof(buf));
610 BIO_printf(bio,"The subject name is %s\n", buf);
612 /* dump the extension list too */
613 BIO_printf(bio, "Extension Count: %d\n", X509_get_ext_count(cert));
616 static void ssl_print_info(struct connection *c)
622 BIO_printf(bio_err, "\n");
623 sk = SSL_get_peer_cert_chain(c->ssl);
624 if ((count = SK_NUM(sk)) > 0) {
626 for (i=1; i<count; i++) {
627 cert = (X509 *)SK_VALUE(sk, i);
628 ssl_print_cert_info(bio_out, cert);
631 cert = SSL_get_peer_certificate(c->ssl);
633 BIO_printf(bio_out, "Anon DH\n");
635 BIO_printf(bio_out, "Peer certificate\n");
636 ssl_print_cert_info(bio_out, cert);
639 ssl_print_connection_info(bio_err,c->ssl);
640 SSL_SESSION_print(bio_err, SSL_get_session(c->ssl));
643 static void ssl_proceed_handshake(struct connection *c)
650 ret = SSL_do_handshake(c->ssl);
651 ecode = SSL_get_error(c->ssl, ret);
657 if (ssl_info == NULL) {
658 AB_SSL_CIPHER_CONST SSL_CIPHER *ci;
660 int sk_bits, pk_bits, swork;
662 ci = SSL_get_current_cipher(c->ssl);
663 sk_bits = SSL_CIPHER_get_bits(ci, &swork);
664 cert = SSL_get_peer_certificate(c->ssl);
666 pk_bits = EVP_PKEY_bits(X509_get_pubkey(cert));
668 pk_bits = 0; /* Anon DH */
670 ssl_info = xmalloc(128);
671 apr_snprintf(ssl_info, 128, "%s,%s,%d,%d",
672 SSL_get_version(c->ssl),
673 SSL_CIPHER_get_name(ci),
679 case SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ:
680 set_polled_events(c, APR_POLLIN);
683 case SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE:
687 case SSL_ERROR_WANT_CONNECT:
689 case SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL:
690 /* Unexpected result */
691 BIO_printf(bio_err, "SSL handshake failed (%d).\n", ecode);
692 ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
702 static void write_request(struct connection * c)
704 if (started >= requests) {
710 apr_size_t l = c->rwrite;
711 apr_status_t e = APR_SUCCESS; /* prevent gcc warning */
713 tnow = lasttime = apr_time_now();
718 if (c->rwrite == 0) {
719 apr_socket_timeout_set(c->aprsock, 0);
724 c->rwrite += postlen;
726 else if (tnow > c->connect + aprtimeout) {
727 printf("Send request timed out!\n");
735 e_ssl = SSL_write(c->ssl,request + c->rwrote, l);
737 BIO_printf(bio_err, "SSL write failed - closing connection\n");
738 ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
739 close_connection (c);
747 e = apr_socket_send(c->aprsock, request + c->rwrote, &l);
749 if (e != APR_SUCCESS && !APR_STATUS_IS_EAGAIN(e)) {
751 printf("Send request failed!\n");
760 c->endwrite = lasttime = apr_time_now();
762 set_conn_state(c, STATE_READ);
765 /* --------------------------------------------------------- */
767 /* calculate and output results */
769 static int compradre(struct data * a, struct data * b)
771 if ((a->ctime) < (b->ctime))
773 if ((a->ctime) > (b->ctime))
778 static int comprando(struct data * a, struct data * b)
780 if ((a->time) < (b->time))
782 if ((a->time) > (b->time))
787 static int compri(struct data * a, struct data * b)
789 apr_interval_time_t p = a->time - a->ctime;
790 apr_interval_time_t q = b->time - b->ctime;
798 static int compwait(struct data * a, struct data * b)
800 if ((a->waittime) < (b->waittime))
802 if ((a->waittime) > (b->waittime))
807 static void output_results(int sig)
812 lasttime = apr_time_now(); /* record final time if interrupted */
814 timetaken = (double) (lasttime - start) / APR_USEC_PER_SEC;
817 printf("Server Software: %s\n", servername);
818 printf("Server Hostname: %s\n", hostname);
819 printf("Server Port: %hu\n", port);
821 if (is_ssl && ssl_info) {
822 printf("SSL/TLS Protocol: %s\n", ssl_info);
826 printf("Document Path: %s\n", path);
828 printf("Document Length: Variable\n");
830 printf("Document Length: %" APR_SIZE_T_FMT " bytes\n", doclen);
832 printf("Concurrency Level: %d\n", concurrency);
833 printf("Time taken for tests: %.3f seconds\n", timetaken);
834 printf("Complete requests: %d\n", done);
835 printf("Failed requests: %d\n", bad);
837 printf(" (Connect: %d, Receive: %d, Length: %d, Exceptions: %d)\n",
838 err_conn, err_recv, err_length, err_except);
840 printf("Write errors: %d\n", epipe);
842 printf("Non-2xx responses: %d\n", err_response);
844 printf("Keep-Alive requests: %d\n", doneka);
845 printf("Total transferred: %" APR_INT64_T_FMT " bytes\n", totalread);
847 printf("Total body sent: %" APR_INT64_T_FMT "\n",
849 printf("HTML transferred: %" APR_INT64_T_FMT " bytes\n", totalbread);
851 /* avoid divide by zero */
852 if (timetaken && done) {
853 printf("Requests per second: %.2f [#/sec] (mean)\n",
854 (double) done / timetaken);
855 printf("Time per request: %.3f [ms] (mean)\n",
856 (double) concurrency * timetaken * 1000 / done);
857 printf("Time per request: %.3f [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)\n",
858 (double) timetaken * 1000 / done);
859 printf("Transfer rate: %.2f [Kbytes/sec] received\n",
860 (double) totalread / 1024 / timetaken);
862 printf(" %.2f kb/s sent\n",
863 (double) totalposted / 1024 / timetaken);
864 printf(" %.2f kb/s total\n",
865 (double) (totalread + totalposted) / 1024 / timetaken);
870 /* work out connection times */
872 apr_time_t totalcon = 0, total = 0, totald = 0, totalwait = 0;
873 apr_time_t meancon, meantot, meand, meanwait;
874 apr_interval_time_t mincon = AB_MAX, mintot = AB_MAX, mind = AB_MAX,
876 apr_interval_time_t maxcon = 0, maxtot = 0, maxd = 0, maxwait = 0;
877 apr_interval_time_t mediancon = 0, mediantot = 0, mediand = 0, medianwait = 0;
878 double sdtot = 0, sdcon = 0, sdd = 0, sdwait = 0;
880 for (i = 0; i < done; i++) {
881 struct data *s = &stats[i];
882 mincon = ap_min(mincon, s->ctime);
883 mintot = ap_min(mintot, s->time);
884 mind = ap_min(mind, s->time - s->ctime);
885 minwait = ap_min(minwait, s->waittime);
887 maxcon = ap_max(maxcon, s->ctime);
888 maxtot = ap_max(maxtot, s->time);
889 maxd = ap_max(maxd, s->time - s->ctime);
890 maxwait = ap_max(maxwait, s->waittime);
892 totalcon += s->ctime;
894 totald += s->time - s->ctime;
895 totalwait += s->waittime;
897 meancon = totalcon / done;
898 meantot = total / done;
899 meand = totald / done;
900 meanwait = totalwait / done;
902 /* calculating the sample variance: the sum of the squared deviations, divided by n-1 */
903 for (i = 0; i < done; i++) {
904 struct data *s = &stats[i];
906 a = ((double)s->time - meantot);
908 a = ((double)s->ctime - meancon);
910 a = ((double)s->time - (double)s->ctime - meand);
912 a = ((double)s->waittime - meanwait);
916 sdtot = (done > 1) ? sqrt(sdtot / (done - 1)) : 0;
917 sdcon = (done > 1) ? sqrt(sdcon / (done - 1)) : 0;
918 sdd = (done > 1) ? sqrt(sdd / (done - 1)) : 0;
919 sdwait = (done > 1) ? sqrt(sdwait / (done - 1)) : 0;
922 * XXX: what is better; this hideous cast of the compradre function; or
923 * the four warnings during compile ? dirkx just does not know and
926 qsort(stats, done, sizeof(struct data),
927 (int (*) (const void *, const void *)) compradre);
928 if ((done > 1) && (done % 2))
929 mediancon = (stats[done / 2].ctime + stats[done / 2 + 1].ctime) / 2;
931 mediancon = stats[done / 2].ctime;
933 qsort(stats, done, sizeof(struct data),
934 (int (*) (const void *, const void *)) compri);
935 if ((done > 1) && (done % 2))
936 mediand = (stats[done / 2].time + stats[done / 2 + 1].time \
937 -stats[done / 2].ctime - stats[done / 2 + 1].ctime) / 2;
939 mediand = stats[done / 2].time - stats[done / 2].ctime;
941 qsort(stats, done, sizeof(struct data),
942 (int (*) (const void *, const void *)) compwait);
943 if ((done > 1) && (done % 2))
944 medianwait = (stats[done / 2].waittime + stats[done / 2 + 1].waittime) / 2;
946 medianwait = stats[done / 2].waittime;
948 qsort(stats, done, sizeof(struct data),
949 (int (*) (const void *, const void *)) comprando);
950 if ((done > 1) && (done % 2))
951 mediantot = (stats[done / 2].time + stats[done / 2 + 1].time) / 2;
953 mediantot = stats[done / 2].time;
955 printf("\nConnection Times (ms)\n");
957 * Reduce stats from apr time to milliseconds
959 mincon = ap_round_ms(mincon);
960 mind = ap_round_ms(mind);
961 minwait = ap_round_ms(minwait);
962 mintot = ap_round_ms(mintot);
963 meancon = ap_round_ms(meancon);
964 meand = ap_round_ms(meand);
965 meanwait = ap_round_ms(meanwait);
966 meantot = ap_round_ms(meantot);
967 mediancon = ap_round_ms(mediancon);
968 mediand = ap_round_ms(mediand);
969 medianwait = ap_round_ms(medianwait);
970 mediantot = ap_round_ms(mediantot);
971 maxcon = ap_round_ms(maxcon);
972 maxd = ap_round_ms(maxd);
973 maxwait = ap_round_ms(maxwait);
974 maxtot = ap_round_ms(maxtot);
975 sdcon = ap_double_ms(sdcon);
976 sdd = ap_double_ms(sdd);
977 sdwait = ap_double_ms(sdwait);
978 sdtot = ap_double_ms(sdtot);
981 #define CONF_FMT_STRING "%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT " %4" APR_TIME_T_FMT " %5.1f %6" APR_TIME_T_FMT " %7" APR_TIME_T_FMT "\n"
982 printf(" min mean[+/-sd] median max\n");
983 printf("Connect: " CONF_FMT_STRING,
984 mincon, meancon, sdcon, mediancon, maxcon);
985 printf("Processing: " CONF_FMT_STRING,
986 mind, meand, sdd, mediand, maxd);
987 printf("Waiting: " CONF_FMT_STRING,
988 minwait, meanwait, sdwait, medianwait, maxwait);
989 printf("Total: " CONF_FMT_STRING,
990 mintot, meantot, sdtot, mediantot, maxtot);
991 #undef CONF_FMT_STRING
993 #define SANE(what,mean,median,sd) \
995 double d = (double)mean - median; \
998 printf("ERROR: The median and mean for " what " are more than twice the standard\n" \
999 " deviation apart. These results are NOT reliable.\n"); \
1001 printf("WARNING: The median and mean for " what " are not within a normal deviation\n" \
1002 " These results are probably not that reliable.\n"); \
1004 SANE("the initial connection time", meancon, mediancon, sdcon);
1005 SANE("the processing time", meand, mediand, sdd);
1006 SANE("the waiting time", meanwait, medianwait, sdwait);
1007 SANE("the total time", meantot, mediantot, sdtot);
1010 printf(" min avg max\n");
1011 #define CONF_FMT_STRING "%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT " %5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "\n"
1012 printf("Connect: " CONF_FMT_STRING, mincon, meancon, maxcon);
1013 printf("Processing: " CONF_FMT_STRING, mind, meand, maxd);
1014 printf("Waiting: " CONF_FMT_STRING, minwait, meanwait, maxwait);
1015 printf("Total: " CONF_FMT_STRING, mintot, meantot, maxtot);
1016 #undef CONF_FMT_STRING
1020 /* Sorted on total connect times */
1021 if (percentile && (done > 1)) {
1022 printf("\nPercentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)\n");
1023 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(percs) / sizeof(int); i++) {
1025 printf(" 0%% <0> (never)\n");
1026 else if (percs[i] >= 100)
1027 printf(" 100%% %5" APR_TIME_T_FMT " (longest request)\n",
1028 ap_round_ms(stats[done - 1].time));
1030 printf(" %d%% %5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "\n", percs[i],
1031 ap_round_ms(stats[(int) (done * percs[i] / 100)].time));
1035 FILE *out = fopen(csvperc, "w");
1037 perror("Cannot open CSV output file");
1040 fprintf(out, "" "Percentage served" "," "Time in ms" "\n");
1041 for (i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
1044 t = ap_double_ms(stats[0].time);
1046 t = ap_double_ms(stats[done - 1].time);
1048 t = ap_double_ms(stats[(int) (0.5 + done * i / 100.0)].time);
1049 fprintf(out, "%d,%.3f\n", i, t);
1054 FILE *out = fopen(gnuplot, "w");
1055 char tmstring[APR_CTIME_LEN];
1057 perror("Cannot open gnuplot output file");
1060 fprintf(out, "starttime\tseconds\tctime\tdtime\tttime\twait\n");
1061 for (i = 0; i < done; i++) {
1062 (void) apr_ctime(tmstring, stats[i].starttime);
1063 fprintf(out, "%s\t%" APR_TIME_T_FMT "\t%" APR_TIME_T_FMT
1064 "\t%" APR_TIME_T_FMT "\t%" APR_TIME_T_FMT
1065 "\t%" APR_TIME_T_FMT "\n", tmstring,
1066 apr_time_sec(stats[i].starttime),
1067 ap_round_ms(stats[i].ctime),
1068 ap_round_ms(stats[i].time - stats[i].ctime),
1069 ap_round_ms(stats[i].time),
1070 ap_round_ms(stats[i].waittime));
1081 /* --------------------------------------------------------- */
1083 /* calculate and output results in HTML */
1085 static void output_html_results(void)
1087 double timetaken = (double) (lasttime - start) / APR_USEC_PER_SEC;
1089 printf("\n\n<table %s>\n", tablestring);
1090 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Server Software:</th>"
1091 "<td colspan=2 %s>%s</td></tr>\n",
1092 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, servername);
1093 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Server Hostname:</th>"
1094 "<td colspan=2 %s>%s</td></tr>\n",
1095 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, hostname);
1096 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Server Port:</th>"
1097 "<td colspan=2 %s>%hu</td></tr>\n",
1098 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, port);
1099 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Document Path:</th>"
1100 "<td colspan=2 %s>%s</td></tr>\n",
1101 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, path);
1103 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Document Length:</th>"
1104 "<td colspan=2 %s>Variable</td></tr>\n",
1105 trstring, tdstring, tdstring);
1107 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Document Length:</th>"
1108 "<td colspan=2 %s>%" APR_SIZE_T_FMT " bytes</td></tr>\n",
1109 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, doclen);
1110 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Concurrency Level:</th>"
1111 "<td colspan=2 %s>%d</td></tr>\n",
1112 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, concurrency);
1113 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Time taken for tests:</th>"
1114 "<td colspan=2 %s>%.3f seconds</td></tr>\n",
1115 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, timetaken);
1116 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Complete requests:</th>"
1117 "<td colspan=2 %s>%d</td></tr>\n",
1118 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, done);
1119 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Failed requests:</th>"
1120 "<td colspan=2 %s>%d</td></tr>\n",
1121 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, bad);
1123 printf("<tr %s><td colspan=4 %s > (Connect: %d, Length: %d, Exceptions: %d)</td></tr>\n",
1124 trstring, tdstring, err_conn, err_length, err_except);
1126 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Non-2xx responses:</th>"
1127 "<td colspan=2 %s>%d</td></tr>\n",
1128 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, err_response);
1130 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Keep-Alive requests:</th>"
1131 "<td colspan=2 %s>%d</td></tr>\n",
1132 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, doneka);
1133 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Total transferred:</th>"
1134 "<td colspan=2 %s>%" APR_INT64_T_FMT " bytes</td></tr>\n",
1135 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, totalread);
1137 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Total body sent:</th>"
1138 "<td colspan=2 %s>%" APR_INT64_T_FMT "</td></tr>\n",
1140 tdstring, totalposted);
1141 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>HTML transferred:</th>"
1142 "<td colspan=2 %s>%" APR_INT64_T_FMT " bytes</td></tr>\n",
1143 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, totalbread);
1145 /* avoid divide by zero */
1147 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Requests per second:</th>"
1148 "<td colspan=2 %s>%.2f</td></tr>\n",
1149 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, (double) done / timetaken);
1150 printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Transfer rate:</th>"
1151 "<td colspan=2 %s>%.2f kb/s received</td></tr>\n",
1152 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, (double) totalread / 1024 / timetaken);
1154 printf("<tr %s><td colspan=2 %s> </td>"
1155 "<td colspan=2 %s>%.2f kb/s sent</td></tr>\n",
1156 trstring, tdstring, tdstring,
1157 (double) totalposted / 1024 / timetaken);
1158 printf("<tr %s><td colspan=2 %s> </td>"
1159 "<td colspan=2 %s>%.2f kb/s total</td></tr>\n",
1160 trstring, tdstring, tdstring,
1161 (double) (totalread + totalposted) / 1024 / timetaken);
1165 /* work out connection times */
1167 apr_interval_time_t totalcon = 0, total = 0;
1168 apr_interval_time_t mincon = AB_MAX, mintot = AB_MAX;
1169 apr_interval_time_t maxcon = 0, maxtot = 0;
1171 for (i = 0; i < done; i++) {
1172 struct data *s = &stats[i];
1173 mincon = ap_min(mincon, s->ctime);
1174 mintot = ap_min(mintot, s->time);
1175 maxcon = ap_max(maxcon, s->ctime);
1176 maxtot = ap_max(maxtot, s->time);
1177 totalcon += s->ctime;
1181 * Reduce stats from apr time to milliseconds
1183 mincon = ap_round_ms(mincon);
1184 mintot = ap_round_ms(mintot);
1185 maxcon = ap_round_ms(maxcon);
1186 maxtot = ap_round_ms(maxtot);
1187 totalcon = ap_round_ms(totalcon);
1188 total = ap_round_ms(total);
1190 if (done > 0) { /* avoid division by zero (if 0 done) */
1191 printf("<tr %s><th %s colspan=4>Connnection Times (ms)</th></tr>\n",
1192 trstring, tdstring);
1193 printf("<tr %s><th %s> </th> <th %s>min</th> <th %s>avg</th> <th %s>max</th></tr>\n",
1194 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, tdstring, tdstring);
1195 printf("<tr %s><th %s>Connect:</th>"
1196 "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td>"
1197 "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td>"
1198 "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td></tr>\n",
1199 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, mincon, tdstring, totalcon / done, tdstring, maxcon);
1200 printf("<tr %s><th %s>Processing:</th>"
1201 "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td>"
1202 "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td>"
1203 "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td></tr>\n",
1204 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, mintot - mincon, tdstring,
1205 (total / done) - (totalcon / done), tdstring, maxtot - maxcon);
1206 printf("<tr %s><th %s>Total:</th>"
1207 "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td>"
1208 "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td>"
1209 "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td></tr>\n",
1210 trstring, tdstring, tdstring, mintot, tdstring, total / done, tdstring, maxtot);
1212 printf("</table>\n");
1216 /* --------------------------------------------------------- */
1218 /* start asnchronous non-blocking connection */
1220 static void start_connect(struct connection * c)
1224 if (!(started < requests))
1234 apr_pool_clear(c->ctx);
1236 apr_pool_create(&c->ctx, cntxt);
1238 if ((rv = apr_socket_create(&c->aprsock, destsa->family,
1239 SOCK_STREAM, 0, c->ctx)) != APR_SUCCESS) {
1240 apr_err("socket", rv);
1244 if ((rv = apr_socket_bind(c->aprsock, mysa)) != APR_SUCCESS) {
1245 apr_err("bind", rv);
1249 c->pollfd.desc_type = APR_POLL_SOCKET;
1250 c->pollfd.desc.s = c->aprsock;
1251 c->pollfd.reqevents = 0;
1252 c->pollfd.client_data = c;
1254 if ((rv = apr_socket_opt_set(c->aprsock, APR_SO_NONBLOCK, 1))
1256 apr_err("socket nonblock", rv);
1259 if (windowsize != 0) {
1260 rv = apr_socket_opt_set(c->aprsock, APR_SO_SNDBUF,
1262 if (rv != APR_SUCCESS && rv != APR_ENOTIMPL) {
1263 apr_err("socket send buffer", rv);
1265 rv = apr_socket_opt_set(c->aprsock, APR_SO_RCVBUF,
1267 if (rv != APR_SUCCESS && rv != APR_ENOTIMPL) {
1268 apr_err("socket receive buffer", rv);
1272 c->start = lasttime = apr_time_now();
1278 if ((c->ssl = SSL_new(ssl_ctx)) == NULL) {
1279 BIO_printf(bio_err, "SSL_new failed.\n");
1280 ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
1284 apr_os_sock_get(&fd, c->aprsock);
1285 bio = BIO_new_socket(fd, BIO_NOCLOSE);
1286 SSL_set_bio(c->ssl, bio, bio);
1287 SSL_set_connect_state(c->ssl);
1288 if (verbosity >= 4) {
1289 BIO_set_callback(bio, ssl_print_cb);
1290 BIO_set_callback_arg(bio, (void *)bio_err);
1296 if ((rv = apr_socket_connect(c->aprsock, destsa)) != APR_SUCCESS) {
1297 if (APR_STATUS_IS_EINPROGRESS(rv)) {
1298 set_conn_state(c, STATE_CONNECTING);
1303 set_conn_state(c, STATE_UNCONNECTED);
1304 apr_socket_close(c->aprsock);
1308 "\nTest aborted after 10 failures\n\n");
1309 apr_err("apr_socket_connect()", rv);
1317 /* connected first time */
1318 set_conn_state(c, STATE_CONNECTED);
1321 ssl_proceed_handshake(c);
1329 /* --------------------------------------------------------- */
1331 /* close down connection and save stats */
1333 static void close_connection(struct connection * c)
1335 if (c->read == 0 && c->keepalive) {
1337 * server has legitimately shut down an idle keep alive request
1340 good--; /* connection never happened */
1344 /* first time here */
1347 else if ((c->bread != doclen) && !nolength) {
1352 if (done < requests) {
1353 struct data *s = &stats[done++];
1354 c->done = lasttime = apr_time_now();
1355 s->starttime = c->start;
1356 s->ctime = ap_max(0, c->connect - c->start);
1357 s->time = ap_max(0, c->done - c->start);
1358 s->waittime = ap_max(0, c->beginread - c->endwrite);
1359 if (heartbeatres && !(done % heartbeatres)) {
1360 fprintf(stderr, "Completed %d requests\n", done);
1366 set_conn_state(c, STATE_UNCONNECTED);
1369 SSL_shutdown(c->ssl);
1374 apr_socket_close(c->aprsock);
1381 /* --------------------------------------------------------- */
1383 /* read data from connection */
1385 static void read_connection(struct connection * c)
1388 apr_status_t status;
1390 char respcode[4]; /* 3 digits and null */
1395 status = SSL_read(c->ssl, buffer, r);
1397 int scode = SSL_get_error(c->ssl, status);
1399 if (scode == SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN) {
1400 /* connection closed cleanly: */
1402 close_connection(c);
1404 else if (scode == SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL
1407 /* connection closed, but in violation of the protocol, after
1408 * some data has already been read; this commonly happens, so
1409 * let the length check catch any response errors
1412 close_connection(c);
1414 else if (scode != SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE
1415 && scode != SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ) {
1416 /* some fatal error: */
1418 BIO_printf(bio_err, "SSL read failed (%d) - closing connection\n", scode);
1419 ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
1420 close_connection(c);
1429 status = apr_socket_recv(c->aprsock, buffer, &r);
1430 if (APR_STATUS_IS_EAGAIN(status))
1432 else if (r == 0 && APR_STATUS_IS_EOF(status)) {
1434 close_connection(c);
1437 /* catch legitimate fatal apr_socket_recv errors */
1438 else if (status != APR_SUCCESS) {
1442 close_connection(c);
1443 if (verbosity >= 1) {
1445 fprintf(stderr,"%s: %s (%d)\n", "apr_socket_recv", apr_strerror(status, buf, sizeof buf), status);
1449 apr_err("apr_socket_recv", status);
1456 c->beginread = apr_time_now();
1461 if (!c->gotheader) {
1464 apr_size_t space = CBUFFSIZE - c->cbx - 1; /* -1 allows for \0 term */
1465 int tocopy = (space < r) ? space : r;
1467 apr_size_t inbytes_left = space, outbytes_left = space;
1469 status = apr_xlate_conv_buffer(from_ascii, buffer, &inbytes_left,
1470 c->cbuff + c->cbx, &outbytes_left);
1471 if (status || inbytes_left || outbytes_left) {
1472 fprintf(stderr, "only simple translation is supported (%d/%" APR_SIZE_T_FMT
1473 "/%" APR_SIZE_T_FMT ")\n", status, inbytes_left, outbytes_left);
1477 memcpy(c->cbuff + c->cbx, buffer, space);
1478 #endif /* NOT_ASCII */
1481 c->cbuff[c->cbx] = 0; /* terminate for benefit of strstr */
1482 if (verbosity >= 2) {
1483 printf("LOG: header received:\n%s\n", c->cbuff);
1485 s = strstr(c->cbuff, "\r\n\r\n");
1487 * this next line is so that we talk to NCSA 1.5 which blatantly
1488 * breaks the http specifaction
1491 s = strstr(c->cbuff, "\n\n");
1496 /* read rest next time */
1501 /* header is in invalid or too big - close connection */
1502 set_conn_state(c, STATE_UNCONNECTED);
1503 apr_socket_close(c->aprsock);
1506 err("\nTest aborted after 10 failures\n\n");
1512 /* have full header */
1515 * this is first time, extract some interesting info
1518 p = strstr(c->cbuff, "Server:");
1528 * XXX: this parsing isn't even remotely HTTP compliant... but in
1529 * the interest of speed it doesn't totally have to be, it just
1530 * needs to be extended to handle whatever servers folks want to
1531 * test against. -djg
1534 /* check response code */
1535 part = strstr(c->cbuff, "HTTP"); /* really HTTP/1.x_ */
1536 if (part && strlen(part) > strlen("HTTP/1.x_")) {
1537 strncpy(respcode, (part + strlen("HTTP/1.x_")), 3);
1541 strcpy(respcode, "500");
1544 if (respcode[0] != '2') {
1547 printf("WARNING: Response code not 2xx (%s)\n", respcode);
1549 else if (verbosity >= 3) {
1550 printf("LOG: Response code = %s\n", respcode);
1553 *s = 0; /* terminate at end of header */
1555 (strstr(c->cbuff, "Keep-Alive")
1556 || strstr(c->cbuff, "keep-alive"))) { /* for benefit of MSIIS */
1558 cl = strstr(c->cbuff, "Content-Length:");
1559 /* handle NCSA, which sends Content-length: */
1561 cl = strstr(c->cbuff, "Content-length:");
1564 /* response to HEAD doesn't have entity body */
1565 c->length = method != HEAD ? atoi(cl + 16) : 0;
1567 /* The response may not have a Content-Length header */
1573 c->bread += c->cbx - (s + l - c->cbuff) + r - tocopy;
1574 totalbread += c->bread;
1578 /* outside header, everything we have read is entity body */
1583 if (c->keepalive && (c->bread >= c->length)) {
1584 /* finished a keep-alive connection */
1588 /* first time here */
1591 else if ((c->bread != doclen) && !nolength) {
1595 if (done < requests) {
1596 struct data *s = &stats[done++];
1598 c->done = apr_time_now();
1599 s->starttime = c->start;
1600 s->ctime = ap_max(0, c->connect - c->start);
1601 s->time = ap_max(0, c->done - c->start);
1602 s->waittime = ap_max(0, c->beginread - c->endwrite);
1603 if (heartbeatres && !(done % heartbeatres)) {
1604 fprintf(stderr, "Completed %d requests\n", done);
1612 c->read = c->bread = 0;
1613 /* zero connect time with keep-alive */
1614 c->start = c->connect = lasttime = apr_time_now();
1619 /* --------------------------------------------------------- */
1623 static void test(void)
1625 apr_time_t stoptime;
1629 apr_status_t status;
1630 int snprintf_res = 0;
1632 apr_size_t inbytes_left, outbytes_left;
1636 connecthost = apr_pstrdup(cntxt, proxyhost);
1637 connectport = proxyport;
1640 connecthost = apr_pstrdup(cntxt, hostname);
1645 printf("Benchmarking %s ", hostname);
1647 printf("[through %s:%d] ", proxyhost, proxyport);
1648 printf("(be patient)%s",
1649 (heartbeatres ? "\n" : "..."));
1653 con = xcalloc(concurrency, sizeof(struct connection));
1656 * XXX: a way to calculate the stats without requiring O(requests) memory
1657 * XXX: would be nice.
1659 stats = xcalloc(requests, sizeof(struct data));
1661 if ((status = apr_pollset_create(&readbits, concurrency, cntxt,
1662 APR_POLLSET_NOCOPY)) != APR_SUCCESS) {
1663 apr_err("apr_pollset_create failed", status);
1666 /* add default headers if necessary */
1668 /* Host: header not overridden, add default value to hdrs */
1669 hdrs = apr_pstrcat(cntxt, hdrs, "Host: ", host_field, colonhost, "\r\n", NULL);
1672 /* Header overridden, no need to add, as it is already in hdrs */
1675 if (!opt_useragent) {
1676 /* User-Agent: header not overridden, add default value to hdrs */
1677 hdrs = apr_pstrcat(cntxt, hdrs, "User-Agent: ApacheBench/", AP_AB_BASEREVISION, "\r\n", NULL);
1680 /* Header overridden, no need to add, as it is already in hdrs */
1684 /* Accept: header not overridden, add default value to hdrs */
1685 hdrs = apr_pstrcat(cntxt, hdrs, "Accept: */*\r\n", NULL);
1688 /* Header overridden, no need to add, as it is already in hdrs */
1693 snprintf_res = apr_snprintf(request, sizeof(_request),
1694 "%s %s HTTP/1.0\r\n"
1698 (isproxy) ? fullurl : path,
1699 keepalive ? "Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n" : "",
1700 cookie, auth, hdrs);
1703 snprintf_res = apr_snprintf(request, sizeof(_request),
1704 "%s %s HTTP/1.0\r\n"
1706 "Content-length: %" APR_SIZE_T_FMT "\r\n"
1707 "Content-type: %s\r\n"
1711 (isproxy) ? fullurl : path,
1712 keepalive ? "Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n" : "",
1715 (content_type != NULL) ? content_type : "text/plain", hdrs);
1717 if (snprintf_res >= sizeof(_request)) {
1718 err("Request too long\n");
1722 printf("INFO: %s header == \n---\n%s\n---\n",
1723 method_str[method], request);
1725 reqlen = strlen(request);
1728 * Combine headers and (optional) post file into one continuous buffer
1731 char *buff = xmalloc(postlen + reqlen + 1);
1732 strcpy(buff, request);
1733 memcpy(buff + reqlen, postdata, postlen);
1738 inbytes_left = outbytes_left = reqlen;
1739 status = apr_xlate_conv_buffer(to_ascii, request, &inbytes_left,
1740 request, &outbytes_left);
1741 if (status || inbytes_left || outbytes_left) {
1742 fprintf(stderr, "only simple translation is supported (%d/%"
1743 APR_SIZE_T_FMT "/%" APR_SIZE_T_FMT ")\n",
1744 status, inbytes_left, outbytes_left);
1747 #endif /* NOT_ASCII */
1750 /* This only needs to be done once */
1751 if ((rv = apr_sockaddr_info_get(&mysa, myhost, APR_UNSPEC, 0, 0, cntxt)) != APR_SUCCESS) {
1753 apr_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
1754 "apr_sockaddr_info_get() for %s", myhost);
1760 if ((rv = apr_sockaddr_info_get(&destsa, connecthost,
1761 myhost ? mysa->family : APR_UNSPEC,
1762 connectport, 0, cntxt))
1765 apr_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
1766 "apr_sockaddr_info_get() for %s", connecthost);
1770 /* ok - lets start */
1771 start = lasttime = apr_time_now();
1772 stoptime = tlimit ? (start + apr_time_from_sec(tlimit)) : AB_MAX;
1775 /* Output the results if the user terminates the run early. */
1776 apr_signal(SIGINT, output_results);
1779 /* initialise lots of requests */
1780 for (i = 0; i < concurrency; i++) {
1782 start_connect(&con[i]);
1787 const apr_pollfd_t *pollresults, *pollfd;
1791 status = apr_pollset_poll(readbits, aprtimeout, &n, &pollresults);
1792 } while (APR_STATUS_IS_EINTR(status));
1793 if (status != APR_SUCCESS)
1794 apr_err("apr_pollset_poll", status);
1796 for (i = 0, pollfd = pollresults; i < n; i++, pollfd++) {
1797 struct connection *c;
1799 c = pollfd->client_data;
1802 * If the connection isn't connected how can we check it?
1804 if (c->state == STATE_UNCONNECTED)
1807 rtnev = pollfd->rtnevents;
1810 if (c->state == STATE_CONNECTED && c->ssl && SSL_in_init(c->ssl)) {
1811 ssl_proceed_handshake(c);
1817 * Notes: APR_POLLHUP is set after FIN is received on some
1818 * systems, so treat that like APR_POLLIN so that we try to read
1821 * Some systems return APR_POLLERR with APR_POLLHUP. We need to
1822 * call read_connection() for APR_POLLHUP, so check for
1823 * APR_POLLHUP first so that a closed connection isn't treated
1824 * like an I/O error. If it is, we never figure out that the
1825 * connection is done and we loop here endlessly calling
1828 if ((rtnev & APR_POLLIN) || (rtnev & APR_POLLPRI) || (rtnev & APR_POLLHUP))
1830 if ((rtnev & APR_POLLERR) || (rtnev & APR_POLLNVAL)) {
1833 /* avoid apr_poll/EINPROGRESS loop on HP-UX, let recv discover ECONNREFUSED */
1834 if (c->state == STATE_CONNECTING) {
1842 if (rtnev & APR_POLLOUT) {
1843 if (c->state == STATE_CONNECTING) {
1844 rv = apr_socket_connect(c->aprsock, destsa);
1845 if (rv != APR_SUCCESS) {
1846 set_conn_state(c, STATE_UNCONNECTED);
1847 apr_socket_close(c->aprsock);
1851 "\nTest aborted after 10 failures\n\n");
1852 apr_err("apr_socket_connect()", rv);
1858 set_conn_state(c, STATE_CONNECTED);
1861 ssl_proceed_handshake(c);
1872 } while (lasttime < stoptime && done < requests);
1875 fprintf(stderr, "Finished %d requests\n", done);
1880 output_html_results();
1885 /* ------------------------------------------------------- */
1887 /* display copyright information */
1888 static void copyright(void)
1891 printf("This is ApacheBench, Version %s\n", AP_AB_BASEREVISION " <$Revision$>");
1892 printf("Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/\n");
1893 printf("Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/\n");
1898 printf(" This is ApacheBench, Version %s <i><%s></i><br>\n", AP_AB_BASEREVISION, "$Revision$");
1899 printf(" Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/<br>\n");
1900 printf(" Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/<br>\n");
1901 printf("</p>\n<p>\n");
1905 /* display usage information */
1906 static void usage(const char *progname)
1908 fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [options] [http"
1912 "://]hostname[:port]/path\n", progname);
1913 /* 80 column ruler: ********************************************************************************
1915 fprintf(stderr, "Options are:\n");
1916 fprintf(stderr, " -n requests Number of requests to perform\n");
1917 fprintf(stderr, " -c concurrency Number of multiple requests to make at a time\n");
1918 fprintf(stderr, " -t timelimit Seconds to max. to spend on benchmarking\n");
1919 fprintf(stderr, " This implies -n 50000\n");
1920 fprintf(stderr, " -s timeout Seconds to max. wait for each response\n");
1921 fprintf(stderr, " Default is 30 seconds\n");
1922 fprintf(stderr, " -b windowsize Size of TCP send/receive buffer, in bytes\n");
1923 fprintf(stderr, " -B address Address to bind to when making outgoing connections\n");
1924 fprintf(stderr, " -p postfile File containing data to POST. Remember also to set -T\n");
1925 fprintf(stderr, " -u putfile File containing data to PUT. Remember also to set -T\n");
1926 fprintf(stderr, " -T content-type Content-type header to use for POST/PUT data, eg.\n");
1927 fprintf(stderr, " 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'\n");
1928 fprintf(stderr, " Default is 'text/plain'\n");
1929 fprintf(stderr, " -v verbosity How much troubleshooting info to print\n");
1930 fprintf(stderr, " -w Print out results in HTML tables\n");
1931 fprintf(stderr, " -i Use HEAD instead of GET\n");
1932 fprintf(stderr, " -x attributes String to insert as table attributes\n");
1933 fprintf(stderr, " -y attributes String to insert as tr attributes\n");
1934 fprintf(stderr, " -z attributes String to insert as td or th attributes\n");
1935 fprintf(stderr, " -C attribute Add cookie, eg. 'Apache=1234'. (repeatable)\n");
1936 fprintf(stderr, " -H attribute Add Arbitrary header line, eg. 'Accept-Encoding: gzip'\n");
1937 fprintf(stderr, " Inserted after all normal header lines. (repeatable)\n");
1938 fprintf(stderr, " -A attribute Add Basic WWW Authentication, the attributes\n");
1939 fprintf(stderr, " are a colon separated username and password.\n");
1940 fprintf(stderr, " -P attribute Add Basic Proxy Authentication, the attributes\n");
1941 fprintf(stderr, " are a colon separated username and password.\n");
1942 fprintf(stderr, " -X proxy:port Proxyserver and port number to use\n");
1943 fprintf(stderr, " -V Print version number and exit\n");
1944 fprintf(stderr, " -k Use HTTP KeepAlive feature\n");
1945 fprintf(stderr, " -d Do not show percentiles served table.\n");
1946 fprintf(stderr, " -S Do not show confidence estimators and warnings.\n");
1947 fprintf(stderr, " -q Do not show progress when doing more than 150 requests\n");
1948 fprintf(stderr, " -l Accept variable document length (use this for dynamic pages)\n");
1949 fprintf(stderr, " -g filename Output collected data to gnuplot format file.\n");
1950 fprintf(stderr, " -e filename Output CSV file with percentages served\n");
1951 fprintf(stderr, " -r Don't exit on socket receive errors.\n");
1952 fprintf(stderr, " -m method Method name\n");
1953 fprintf(stderr, " -h Display usage information (this message)\n");
1956 #ifndef OPENSSL_NO_SSL2
1957 #define SSL2_HELP_MSG "SSL2, "
1959 #define SSL2_HELP_MSG ""
1963 #define TLS1_X_HELP_MSG ", TLS1.1, TLS1.2"
1965 #define TLS1_X_HELP_MSG ""
1968 fprintf(stderr, " -Z ciphersuite Specify SSL/TLS cipher suite (See openssl ciphers)\n");
1969 fprintf(stderr, " -f protocol Specify SSL/TLS protocol\n");
1970 fprintf(stderr, " (" SSL2_HELP_MSG "SSL3, TLS1" TLS1_X_HELP_MSG " or ALL)\n");
1975 /* ------------------------------------------------------- */
1977 /* split URL into parts */
1979 static int parse_url(const char *url)
1986 /* Save a copy for the proxy */
1987 fullurl = apr_pstrdup(cntxt, url);
1989 if (strlen(url) > 7 && strncmp(url, "http://", 7) == 0) {
1997 if (strlen(url) > 8 && strncmp(url, "https://", 8) == 0) {
2002 if (strlen(url) > 8 && strncmp(url, "https://", 8) == 0) {
2003 fprintf(stderr, "SSL not compiled in; no https support\n");
2008 if ((cp = strchr(url, '/')) == NULL)
2010 h = apr_pstrmemdup(cntxt, url, cp - url);
2011 rv = apr_parse_addr_port(&hostname, &scope_id, &port, h, cntxt);
2012 if (rv != APR_SUCCESS || !hostname || scope_id) {
2015 path = apr_pstrdup(cntxt, cp);
2017 if (*url == '[') { /* IPv6 numeric address string */
2018 host_field = apr_psprintf(cntxt, "[%s]", hostname);
2021 host_field = hostname;
2024 if (port == 0) { /* no port specified */
2035 is_ssl && (port != 443)) || (!is_ssl &&
2039 colonhost = apr_psprintf(cntxt,":%d",port);
2045 /* ------------------------------------------------------- */
2047 /* read data to POST/PUT from file, save contents and length */
2049 static apr_status_t open_postfile(const char *pfile)
2056 rv = apr_file_open(&postfd, pfile, APR_READ, APR_OS_DEFAULT, cntxt);
2057 if (rv != APR_SUCCESS) {
2058 fprintf(stderr, "ab: Could not open POST data file (%s): %s\n", pfile,
2059 apr_strerror(rv, errmsg, sizeof errmsg));
2063 rv = apr_file_info_get(&finfo, APR_FINFO_NORM, postfd);
2064 if (rv != APR_SUCCESS) {
2065 fprintf(stderr, "ab: Could not stat POST data file (%s): %s\n", pfile,
2066 apr_strerror(rv, errmsg, sizeof errmsg));
2069 postlen = (apr_size_t)finfo.size;
2070 postdata = xmalloc(postlen);
2071 rv = apr_file_read_full(postfd, postdata, postlen, NULL);
2072 if (rv != APR_SUCCESS) {
2073 fprintf(stderr, "ab: Could not read POST data file: %s\n",
2074 apr_strerror(rv, errmsg, sizeof errmsg));
2077 apr_file_close(postfd);
2081 /* ------------------------------------------------------- */
2083 /* sort out command-line args and call test */
2084 int main(int argc, const char * const argv[])
2088 apr_status_t status;
2090 const char *opt_arg;
2093 AB_SSL_METHOD_CONST SSL_METHOD *meth = SSLv23_client_method();
2096 /* table defaults */
2099 tdstring = "bgcolor=white";
2105 apr_app_initialize(&argc, &argv, NULL);
2106 atexit(apr_terminate);
2107 apr_pool_create(&cntxt, NULL);
2108 apr_pool_abort_set(abort_on_oom, cntxt);
2111 status = apr_xlate_open(&to_ascii, "ISO-8859-1", APR_DEFAULT_CHARSET, cntxt);
2113 fprintf(stderr, "apr_xlate_open(to ASCII)->%d\n", status);
2116 status = apr_xlate_open(&from_ascii, APR_DEFAULT_CHARSET, "ISO-8859-1", cntxt);
2118 fprintf(stderr, "apr_xlate_open(from ASCII)->%d\n", status);
2121 status = apr_base64init_ebcdic(to_ascii, from_ascii);
2123 fprintf(stderr, "apr_base64init_ebcdic()->%d\n", status);
2128 myhost = NULL; /* 0.0.0.0 or :: */
2130 apr_getopt_init(&opt, cntxt, argc, argv);
2131 while ((status = apr_getopt(opt, "n:c:t:s:b:T:p:u:v:lrkVhwix:y:z:C:H:P:A:g:X:de:SqB:m:"
2135 ,&c, &opt_arg)) == APR_SUCCESS) {
2138 requests = atoi(opt_arg);
2139 if (requests <= 0) {
2140 err("Invalid number of requests\n");
2150 concurrency = atoi(opt_arg);
2153 windowsize = atoi(opt_arg);
2156 if (method != NO_METH)
2157 err("Cannot mix HEAD with other methods\n");
2161 gnuplot = xstrdup(opt_arg);
2167 csvperc = xstrdup(opt_arg);
2173 aprtimeout = apr_time_from_sec(atoi(opt_arg)); /* timeout value */
2176 if (method != NO_METH)
2177 err("Cannot mix POST with other methods\n");
2178 if (open_postfile(opt_arg) != APR_SUCCESS) {
2185 if (method != NO_METH)
2186 err("Cannot mix PUT with other methods\n");
2187 if (open_postfile(opt_arg) != APR_SUCCESS) {
2200 verbosity = atoi(opt_arg);
2203 tlimit = atoi(opt_arg);
2204 requests = MAX_REQUESTS; /* need to size data array on
2208 content_type = apr_pstrdup(cntxt, opt_arg);
2211 cookie = apr_pstrcat(cntxt, "Cookie: ", opt_arg, "\r\n", NULL);
2215 * assume username passwd already to be in colon separated form.
2216 * Ready to be uu-encoded.
2218 while (apr_isspace(*opt_arg))
2220 if (apr_base64_encode_len(strlen(opt_arg)) > sizeof(tmp)) {
2221 err("Authentication credentials too long\n");
2223 l = apr_base64_encode(tmp, opt_arg, strlen(opt_arg));
2226 auth = apr_pstrcat(cntxt, auth, "Authorization: Basic ", tmp,
2231 * assume username passwd already to be in colon separated form.
2233 while (apr_isspace(*opt_arg))
2235 if (apr_base64_encode_len(strlen(opt_arg)) > sizeof(tmp)) {
2236 err("Proxy credentials too long\n");
2238 l = apr_base64_encode(tmp, opt_arg, strlen(opt_arg));
2241 auth = apr_pstrcat(cntxt, auth, "Proxy-Authorization: Basic ",
2245 hdrs = apr_pstrcat(cntxt, hdrs, opt_arg, "\r\n", NULL);
2247 * allow override of some of the common headers that ab adds
2249 if (strncasecmp(opt_arg, "Host:", 5) == 0) {
2251 } else if (strncasecmp(opt_arg, "Accept:", 7) == 0) {
2253 } else if (strncasecmp(opt_arg, "User-Agent:", 11) == 0) {
2261 * if any of the following three are used, turn on html output
2266 tablestring = opt_arg;
2272 * assume proxy-name[:port]
2274 if ((p = strchr(opt_arg, ':'))) {
2277 proxyport = atoi(p);
2279 proxyhost = apr_pstrdup(cntxt, opt_arg);
2298 myhost = apr_pstrdup(cntxt, opt_arg);
2302 ssl_cipher = strdup(opt_arg);
2305 method = CUSTOM_METHOD;
2306 method_str[CUSTOM_METHOD] = strdup(opt_arg);
2309 if (strncasecmp(opt_arg, "ALL", 3) == 0) {
2310 meth = SSLv23_client_method();
2311 #ifndef OPENSSL_NO_SSL2
2312 } else if (strncasecmp(opt_arg, "SSL2", 4) == 0) {
2313 meth = SSLv2_client_method();
2315 } else if (strncasecmp(opt_arg, "SSL3", 4) == 0) {
2316 meth = SSLv3_client_method();
2318 } else if (strncasecmp(opt_arg, "TLS1.1", 6) == 0) {
2319 meth = TLSv1_1_client_method();
2320 } else if (strncasecmp(opt_arg, "TLS1.2", 6) == 0) {
2321 meth = TLSv1_2_client_method();
2323 } else if (strncasecmp(opt_arg, "TLS1", 4) == 0) {
2324 meth = TLSv1_client_method();
2331 if (opt->ind != argc - 1) {
2332 fprintf(stderr, "%s: wrong number of arguments\n", argv[0]);
2336 if (method == NO_METH) {
2340 if (parse_url(apr_pstrdup(cntxt, opt->argv[opt->ind++]))) {
2341 fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid URL\n", argv[0]);
2345 if ((concurrency < 0) || (concurrency > MAX_CONCURRENCY)) {
2346 fprintf(stderr, "%s: Invalid Concurrency [Range 0..%d]\n",
2347 argv[0], MAX_CONCURRENCY);
2351 if (concurrency > requests) {
2352 fprintf(stderr, "%s: Cannot use concurrency level greater than "
2353 "total number of requests\n", argv[0]);
2357 if ((heartbeatres) && (requests > 150)) {
2358 heartbeatres = requests / 10; /* Print line every 10% of requests */
2359 if (heartbeatres < 100)
2360 heartbeatres = 100; /* but never more often than once every 100
2370 CRYPTO_malloc_init();
2372 SSL_load_error_strings();
2374 bio_out=BIO_new_fp(stdout,BIO_NOCLOSE);
2375 bio_err=BIO_new_fp(stderr,BIO_NOCLOSE);
2377 if (!(ssl_ctx = SSL_CTX_new(meth))) {
2378 BIO_printf(bio_err, "Could not initialize SSL Context.\n");
2379 ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
2382 SSL_CTX_set_options(ssl_ctx, SSL_OP_ALL);
2383 #ifdef SSL_MODE_RELEASE_BUFFERS
2384 /* Keep memory usage as low as possible */
2385 SSL_CTX_set_mode (ssl_ctx, SSL_MODE_RELEASE_BUFFERS);
2387 if (ssl_cipher != NULL) {
2388 if (!SSL_CTX_set_cipher_list(ssl_ctx, ssl_cipher)) {
2389 fprintf(stderr, "error setting cipher list [%s]\n", ssl_cipher);
2390 ERR_print_errors_fp(stderr);
2394 if (verbosity >= 3) {
2395 SSL_CTX_set_info_callback(ssl_ctx, ssl_state_cb);
2399 apr_signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN); /* Ignore writes to connections that
2400 * have been closed at the other end. */
2404 apr_pool_destroy(cntxt);