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[postgresql] / src / test / regress / regress.c
1 /*
2  * src/test/regress/regress.c
3  */
4
5 #include "postgres.h"
6
7 #include <float.h>
8 #include <math.h>
9
10 #include "access/transam.h"
11 #include "access/xact.h"
12 #include "catalog/pg_type.h"
13 #include "commands/sequence.h"
14 #include "commands/trigger.h"
15 #include "executor/executor.h"
16 #include "executor/spi.h"
17 #include "utils/builtins.h"
18 #include "utils/geo_decls.h"
19
20
21 #define P_MAXDIG 12
22 #define LDELIM                  '('
23 #define RDELIM                  ')'
24 #define DELIM                   ','
25
26 extern Datum regress_dist_ptpath(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
27 extern Datum regress_path_dist(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
28 extern PATH *poly2path(POLYGON *poly);
29 extern Datum interpt_pp(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
30 extern void regress_lseg_construct(LSEG *lseg, Point *pt1, Point *pt2);
31 extern Datum overpaid(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
32 extern Datum boxarea(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
33 extern char *reverse_name(char *string);
34 extern int      oldstyle_length(int n, text *t);
35 extern Datum int44in(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
36 extern Datum int44out(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
37
38 #ifdef PG_MODULE_MAGIC
39 PG_MODULE_MAGIC;
40 #endif
41
42
43 /*
44  * Distance from a point to a path
45  */
46 PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(regress_dist_ptpath);
47
48 Datum
49 regress_dist_ptpath(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
50 {
51         Point      *pt = PG_GETARG_POINT_P(0);
52         PATH       *path = PG_GETARG_PATH_P(1);
53         float8          result = 0.0;   /* keep compiler quiet */
54         float8          tmp;
55         int                     i;
56         LSEG            lseg;
57
58         switch (path->npts)
59         {
60                 case 0:
61                         PG_RETURN_NULL();
62                 case 1:
63                         result = point_dt(pt, &path->p[0]);
64                         break;
65                 default:
66
67                         /*
68                          * the distance from a point to a path is the smallest distance
69                          * from the point to any of its constituent segments.
70                          */
71                         Assert(path->npts > 1);
72                         for (i = 0; i < path->npts - 1; ++i)
73                         {
74                                 regress_lseg_construct(&lseg, &path->p[i], &path->p[i + 1]);
75                                 tmp = DatumGetFloat8(DirectFunctionCall2(dist_ps,
76                                                                                                                  PointPGetDatum(pt),
77                                                                                                           LsegPGetDatum(&lseg)));
78                                 if (i == 0 || tmp < result)
79                                         result = tmp;
80                         }
81                         break;
82         }
83         PG_RETURN_FLOAT8(result);
84 }
85
86 /*
87  * this essentially does a cartesian product of the lsegs in the
88  * two paths, and finds the min distance between any two lsegs
89  */
90 PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(regress_path_dist);
91
92 Datum
93 regress_path_dist(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
94 {
95         PATH       *p1 = PG_GETARG_PATH_P(0);
96         PATH       *p2 = PG_GETARG_PATH_P(1);
97         bool            have_min = false;
98         float8          min = 0.0;              /* initialize to keep compiler quiet */
99         float8          tmp;
100         int                     i,
101                                 j;
102         LSEG            seg1,
103                                 seg2;
104
105         for (i = 0; i < p1->npts - 1; i++)
106         {
107                 for (j = 0; j < p2->npts - 1; j++)
108                 {
109                         regress_lseg_construct(&seg1, &p1->p[i], &p1->p[i + 1]);
110                         regress_lseg_construct(&seg2, &p2->p[j], &p2->p[j + 1]);
111
112                         tmp = DatumGetFloat8(DirectFunctionCall2(lseg_distance,
113                                                                                                          LsegPGetDatum(&seg1),
114                                                                                                          LsegPGetDatum(&seg2)));
115                         if (!have_min || tmp < min)
116                         {
117                                 min = tmp;
118                                 have_min = true;
119                         }
120                 }
121         }
122
123         if (!have_min)
124                 PG_RETURN_NULL();
125
126         PG_RETURN_FLOAT8(min);
127 }
128
129 PATH *
130 poly2path(POLYGON *poly)
131 {
132         int                     i;
133         char       *output = (char *) palloc(2 * (P_MAXDIG + 1) * poly->npts + 64);
134         char            buf[2 * (P_MAXDIG) + 20];
135
136         sprintf(output, "(1, %*d", P_MAXDIG, poly->npts);
137
138         for (i = 0; i < poly->npts; i++)
139         {
140                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), ",%*g,%*g",
141                                  P_MAXDIG, poly->p[i].x, P_MAXDIG, poly->p[i].y);
142                 strcat(output, buf);
143         }
144
145         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%c", RDELIM);
146         strcat(output, buf);
147         return DatumGetPathP(DirectFunctionCall1(path_in,
148                                                                                          CStringGetDatum(output)));
149 }
150
151 /* return the point where two paths intersect, or NULL if no intersection. */
152 PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(interpt_pp);
153
154 Datum
155 interpt_pp(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
156 {
157         PATH       *p1 = PG_GETARG_PATH_P(0);
158         PATH       *p2 = PG_GETARG_PATH_P(1);
159         int                     i,
160                                 j;
161         LSEG            seg1,
162                                 seg2;
163         bool            found;                  /* We've found the intersection */
164
165         found = false;                          /* Haven't found it yet */
166
167         for (i = 0; i < p1->npts - 1 && !found; i++)
168         {
169                 regress_lseg_construct(&seg1, &p1->p[i], &p1->p[i + 1]);
170                 for (j = 0; j < p2->npts - 1 && !found; j++)
171                 {
172                         regress_lseg_construct(&seg2, &p2->p[j], &p2->p[j + 1]);
173                         if (DatumGetBool(DirectFunctionCall2(lseg_intersect,
174                                                                                                  LsegPGetDatum(&seg1),
175                                                                                                  LsegPGetDatum(&seg2))))
176                                 found = true;
177                 }
178         }
179
180         if (!found)
181                 PG_RETURN_NULL();
182
183         /*
184          * Note: DirectFunctionCall2 will kick out an error if lseg_interpt()
185          * returns NULL, but that should be impossible since we know the two
186          * segments intersect.
187          */
188         PG_RETURN_DATUM(DirectFunctionCall2(lseg_interpt,
189                                                                                 LsegPGetDatum(&seg1),
190                                                                                 LsegPGetDatum(&seg2)));
191 }
192
193
194 /* like lseg_construct, but assume space already allocated */
195 void
196 regress_lseg_construct(LSEG *lseg, Point *pt1, Point *pt2)
197 {
198         lseg->p[0].x = pt1->x;
199         lseg->p[0].y = pt1->y;
200         lseg->p[1].x = pt2->x;
201         lseg->p[1].y = pt2->y;
202         lseg->m = point_sl(pt1, pt2);
203 }
204
205 PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(overpaid);
206
207 Datum
208 overpaid(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
209 {
210         HeapTupleHeader tuple = PG_GETARG_HEAPTUPLEHEADER(0);
211         bool            isnull;
212         int32           salary;
213
214         salary = DatumGetInt32(GetAttributeByName(tuple, "salary", &isnull));
215         if (isnull)
216                 PG_RETURN_NULL();
217         PG_RETURN_BOOL(salary > 699);
218 }
219
220 /* New type "widget"
221  * This used to be "circle", but I added circle to builtins,
222  *      so needed to make sure the names do not collide. - tgl 97/04/21
223  */
224
225 typedef struct
226 {
227         Point           center;
228         double          radius;
229 }       WIDGET;
230
231 WIDGET     *widget_in(char *str);
232 char       *widget_out(WIDGET * widget);
233 extern Datum pt_in_widget(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
234
235 #define NARGS   3
236
237 WIDGET *
238 widget_in(char *str)
239 {
240         char       *p,
241                            *coord[NARGS],
242                                 buf2[1000];
243         int                     i;
244         WIDGET     *result;
245
246         if (str == NULL)
247                 return NULL;
248         for (i = 0, p = str; *p && i < NARGS && *p != RDELIM; p++)
249                 if (*p == ',' || (*p == LDELIM && !i))
250                         coord[i++] = p + 1;
251         if (i < NARGS - 1)
252                 return NULL;
253         result = (WIDGET *) palloc(sizeof(WIDGET));
254         result->center.x = atof(coord[0]);
255         result->center.y = atof(coord[1]);
256         result->radius = atof(coord[2]);
257
258         snprintf(buf2, sizeof(buf2), "widget_in: read (%f, %f, %f)\n",
259                          result->center.x, result->center.y, result->radius);
260         return result;
261 }
262
263 char *
264 widget_out(WIDGET * widget)
265 {
266         char       *result;
267
268         if (widget == NULL)
269                 return NULL;
270
271         result = (char *) palloc(60);
272         sprintf(result, "(%g,%g,%g)",
273                         widget->center.x, widget->center.y, widget->radius);
274         return result;
275 }
276
277 PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(pt_in_widget);
278
279 Datum
280 pt_in_widget(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
281 {
282         Point      *point = PG_GETARG_POINT_P(0);
283         WIDGET     *widget = (WIDGET *) PG_GETARG_POINTER(1);
284
285         PG_RETURN_BOOL(point_dt(point, &widget->center) < widget->radius);
286 }
287
288 PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(boxarea);
289
290 Datum
291 boxarea(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
292 {
293         BOX                *box = PG_GETARG_BOX_P(0);
294         double          width,
295                                 height;
296
297         width = Abs(box->high.x - box->low.x);
298         height = Abs(box->high.y - box->low.y);
299         PG_RETURN_FLOAT8(width * height);
300 }
301
302 char *
303 reverse_name(char *string)
304 {
305         int                     i;
306         int                     len;
307         char       *new_string;
308
309         new_string = palloc0(NAMEDATALEN);
310         for (i = 0; i < NAMEDATALEN && string[i]; ++i)
311                 ;
312         if (i == NAMEDATALEN || !string[i])
313                 --i;
314         len = i;
315         for (; i >= 0; --i)
316                 new_string[len - i] = string[i];
317         return new_string;
318 }
319
320 /*
321  * This rather silly function is just to test that oldstyle functions
322  * work correctly on toast-able inputs.
323  */
324 int
325 oldstyle_length(int n, text *t)
326 {
327         int                     len = 0;
328
329         if (t)
330                 len = VARSIZE(t) - VARHDRSZ;
331
332         return n + len;
333 }
334
335
336 static TransactionId fd17b_xid = InvalidTransactionId;
337 static TransactionId fd17a_xid = InvalidTransactionId;
338 static int      fd17b_level = 0;
339 static int      fd17a_level = 0;
340 static bool fd17b_recursion = true;
341 static bool fd17a_recursion = true;
342 extern Datum funny_dup17(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
343
344 PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(funny_dup17);
345
346 Datum
347 funny_dup17(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
348 {
349         TriggerData *trigdata = (TriggerData *) fcinfo->context;
350         TransactionId *xid;
351         int                *level;
352         bool       *recursion;
353         Relation        rel;
354         TupleDesc       tupdesc;
355         HeapTuple       tuple;
356         char       *query,
357                            *fieldval,
358                            *fieldtype;
359         char       *when;
360         int                     inserted;
361         int                     selected = 0;
362         int                     ret;
363
364         if (!CALLED_AS_TRIGGER(fcinfo))
365                 elog(ERROR, "funny_dup17: not fired by trigger manager");
366
367         tuple = trigdata->tg_trigtuple;
368         rel = trigdata->tg_relation;
369         tupdesc = rel->rd_att;
370         if (TRIGGER_FIRED_BEFORE(trigdata->tg_event))
371         {
372                 xid = &fd17b_xid;
373                 level = &fd17b_level;
374                 recursion = &fd17b_recursion;
375                 when = "BEFORE";
376         }
377         else
378         {
379                 xid = &fd17a_xid;
380                 level = &fd17a_level;
381                 recursion = &fd17a_recursion;
382                 when = "AFTER ";
383         }
384
385         if (!TransactionIdIsCurrentTransactionId(*xid))
386         {
387                 *xid = GetCurrentTransactionId();
388                 *level = 0;
389                 *recursion = true;
390         }
391
392         if (*level == 17)
393         {
394                 *recursion = false;
395                 return PointerGetDatum(tuple);
396         }
397
398         if (!(*recursion))
399                 return PointerGetDatum(tuple);
400
401         (*level)++;
402
403         SPI_connect();
404
405         fieldval = SPI_getvalue(tuple, tupdesc, 1);
406         fieldtype = SPI_gettype(tupdesc, 1);
407
408         query = (char *) palloc(100 + NAMEDATALEN * 3 +
409                                                         strlen(fieldval) + strlen(fieldtype));
410
411         sprintf(query, "insert into %s select * from %s where %s = '%s'::%s",
412                         SPI_getrelname(rel), SPI_getrelname(rel),
413                         SPI_fname(tupdesc, 1),
414                         fieldval, fieldtype);
415
416         if ((ret = SPI_exec(query, 0)) < 0)
417                 elog(ERROR, "funny_dup17 (fired %s) on level %3d: SPI_exec (insert ...) returned %d",
418                          when, *level, ret);
419
420         inserted = SPI_processed;
421
422         sprintf(query, "select count (*) from %s where %s = '%s'::%s",
423                         SPI_getrelname(rel),
424                         SPI_fname(tupdesc, 1),
425                         fieldval, fieldtype);
426
427         if ((ret = SPI_exec(query, 0)) < 0)
428                 elog(ERROR, "funny_dup17 (fired %s) on level %3d: SPI_exec (select ...) returned %d",
429                          when, *level, ret);
430
431         if (SPI_processed > 0)
432         {
433                 selected = DatumGetInt32(DirectFunctionCall1(int4in,
434                                                                                                 CStringGetDatum(SPI_getvalue(
435                                                                                                            SPI_tuptable->vals[0],
436                                                                                                            SPI_tuptable->tupdesc,
437                                                                                                                                                          1
438                                                                                                                                                 ))));
439         }
440
441         elog(DEBUG4, "funny_dup17 (fired %s) on level %3d: %d/%d tuples inserted/selected",
442                  when, *level, inserted, selected);
443
444         SPI_finish();
445
446         (*level)--;
447
448         if (*level == 0)
449                 *xid = InvalidTransactionId;
450
451         return PointerGetDatum(tuple);
452 }
453
454 extern Datum ttdummy(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
455 extern Datum set_ttdummy(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
456
457 #define TTDUMMY_INFINITY        999999
458
459 static SPIPlanPtr splan = NULL;
460 static bool ttoff = false;
461
462 PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(ttdummy);
463
464 Datum
465 ttdummy(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
466 {
467         TriggerData *trigdata = (TriggerData *) fcinfo->context;
468         Trigger    *trigger;            /* to get trigger name */
469         char      **args;                       /* arguments */
470         int                     attnum[2];              /* fnumbers of start/stop columns */
471         Datum           oldon,
472                                 oldoff;
473         Datum           newon,
474                                 newoff;
475         Datum      *cvals;                      /* column values */
476         char       *cnulls;                     /* column nulls */
477         char       *relname;            /* triggered relation name */
478         Relation        rel;                    /* triggered relation */
479         HeapTuple       trigtuple;
480         HeapTuple       newtuple = NULL;
481         HeapTuple       rettuple;
482         TupleDesc       tupdesc;                /* tuple description */
483         int                     natts;                  /* # of attributes */
484         bool            isnull;                 /* to know is some column NULL or not */
485         int                     ret;
486         int                     i;
487
488         if (!CALLED_AS_TRIGGER(fcinfo))
489                 elog(ERROR, "ttdummy: not fired by trigger manager");
490         if (!TRIGGER_FIRED_FOR_ROW(trigdata->tg_event))
491                 elog(ERROR, "ttdummy: must be fired for row");
492         if (!TRIGGER_FIRED_BEFORE(trigdata->tg_event))
493                 elog(ERROR, "ttdummy: must be fired before event");
494         if (TRIGGER_FIRED_BY_INSERT(trigdata->tg_event))
495                 elog(ERROR, "ttdummy: cannot process INSERT event");
496         if (TRIGGER_FIRED_BY_UPDATE(trigdata->tg_event))
497                 newtuple = trigdata->tg_newtuple;
498
499         trigtuple = trigdata->tg_trigtuple;
500
501         rel = trigdata->tg_relation;
502         relname = SPI_getrelname(rel);
503
504         /* check if TT is OFF for this relation */
505         if (ttoff)                                      /* OFF - nothing to do */
506         {
507                 pfree(relname);
508                 return PointerGetDatum((newtuple != NULL) ? newtuple : trigtuple);
509         }
510
511         trigger = trigdata->tg_trigger;
512
513         if (trigger->tgnargs != 2)
514                 elog(ERROR, "ttdummy (%s): invalid (!= 2) number of arguments %d",
515                          relname, trigger->tgnargs);
516
517         args = trigger->tgargs;
518         tupdesc = rel->rd_att;
519         natts = tupdesc->natts;
520
521         for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
522         {
523                 attnum[i] = SPI_fnumber(tupdesc, args[i]);
524                 if (attnum[i] < 0)
525                         elog(ERROR, "ttdummy (%s): there is no attribute %s", relname, args[i]);
526                 if (SPI_gettypeid(tupdesc, attnum[i]) != INT4OID)
527                         elog(ERROR, "ttdummy (%s): attributes %s and %s must be of abstime type",
528                                  relname, args[0], args[1]);
529         }
530
531         oldon = SPI_getbinval(trigtuple, tupdesc, attnum[0], &isnull);
532         if (isnull)
533                 elog(ERROR, "ttdummy (%s): %s must be NOT NULL", relname, args[0]);
534
535         oldoff = SPI_getbinval(trigtuple, tupdesc, attnum[1], &isnull);
536         if (isnull)
537                 elog(ERROR, "ttdummy (%s): %s must be NOT NULL", relname, args[1]);
538
539         if (newtuple != NULL)           /* UPDATE */
540         {
541                 newon = SPI_getbinval(newtuple, tupdesc, attnum[0], &isnull);
542                 if (isnull)
543                         elog(ERROR, "ttdummy (%s): %s must be NOT NULL", relname, args[0]);
544                 newoff = SPI_getbinval(newtuple, tupdesc, attnum[1], &isnull);
545                 if (isnull)
546                         elog(ERROR, "ttdummy (%s): %s must be NOT NULL", relname, args[1]);
547
548                 if (oldon != newon || oldoff != newoff)
549                         elog(ERROR, "ttdummy (%s): you cannot change %s and/or %s columns (use set_ttdummy)",
550                                  relname, args[0], args[1]);
551
552                 if (newoff != TTDUMMY_INFINITY)
553                 {
554                         pfree(relname);         /* allocated in upper executor context */
555                         return PointerGetDatum(NULL);
556                 }
557         }
558         else if (oldoff != TTDUMMY_INFINITY)            /* DELETE */
559         {
560                 pfree(relname);
561                 return PointerGetDatum(NULL);
562         }
563
564         newoff = DirectFunctionCall1(nextval, CStringGetTextDatum("ttdummy_seq"));
565         /* nextval now returns int64; coerce down to int32 */
566         newoff = Int32GetDatum((int32) DatumGetInt64(newoff));
567
568         /* Connect to SPI manager */
569         if ((ret = SPI_connect()) < 0)
570                 elog(ERROR, "ttdummy (%s): SPI_connect returned %d", relname, ret);
571
572         /* Fetch tuple values and nulls */
573         cvals = (Datum *) palloc(natts * sizeof(Datum));
574         cnulls = (char *) palloc(natts * sizeof(char));
575         for (i = 0; i < natts; i++)
576         {
577                 cvals[i] = SPI_getbinval((newtuple != NULL) ? newtuple : trigtuple,
578                                                                  tupdesc, i + 1, &isnull);
579                 cnulls[i] = (isnull) ? 'n' : ' ';
580         }
581
582         /* change date column(s) */
583         if (newtuple)                           /* UPDATE */
584         {
585                 cvals[attnum[0] - 1] = newoff;  /* start_date eq current date */
586                 cnulls[attnum[0] - 1] = ' ';
587                 cvals[attnum[1] - 1] = TTDUMMY_INFINITY;                /* stop_date eq INFINITY */
588                 cnulls[attnum[1] - 1] = ' ';
589         }
590         else
591                 /* DELETE */
592         {
593                 cvals[attnum[1] - 1] = newoff;  /* stop_date eq current date */
594                 cnulls[attnum[1] - 1] = ' ';
595         }
596
597         /* if there is no plan ... */
598         if (splan == NULL)
599         {
600                 SPIPlanPtr      pplan;
601                 Oid                *ctypes;
602                 char       *query;
603
604                 /* allocate space in preparation */
605                 ctypes = (Oid *) palloc(natts * sizeof(Oid));
606                 query = (char *) palloc(100 + 16 * natts);
607
608                 /*
609                  * Construct query: INSERT INTO _relation_ VALUES ($1, ...)
610                  */
611                 sprintf(query, "INSERT INTO %s VALUES (", relname);
612                 for (i = 1; i <= natts; i++)
613                 {
614                         sprintf(query + strlen(query), "$%d%s",
615                                         i, (i < natts) ? ", " : ")");
616                         ctypes[i - 1] = SPI_gettypeid(tupdesc, i);
617                 }
618
619                 /* Prepare plan for query */
620                 pplan = SPI_prepare(query, natts, ctypes);
621                 if (pplan == NULL)
622                         elog(ERROR, "ttdummy (%s): SPI_prepare returned %d", relname, SPI_result);
623
624                 pplan = SPI_saveplan(pplan);
625                 if (pplan == NULL)
626                         elog(ERROR, "ttdummy (%s): SPI_saveplan returned %d", relname, SPI_result);
627
628                 splan = pplan;
629         }
630
631         ret = SPI_execp(splan, cvals, cnulls, 0);
632
633         if (ret < 0)
634                 elog(ERROR, "ttdummy (%s): SPI_execp returned %d", relname, ret);
635
636         /* Tuple to return to upper Executor ... */
637         if (newtuple)                           /* UPDATE */
638         {
639                 HeapTuple       tmptuple;
640
641                 tmptuple = SPI_copytuple(trigtuple);
642                 rettuple = SPI_modifytuple(rel, tmptuple, 1, &(attnum[1]), &newoff, NULL);
643                 SPI_freetuple(tmptuple);
644         }
645         else
646                 /* DELETE */
647                 rettuple = trigtuple;
648
649         SPI_finish();                           /* don't forget say Bye to SPI mgr */
650
651         pfree(relname);
652
653         return PointerGetDatum(rettuple);
654 }
655
656 PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(set_ttdummy);
657
658 Datum
659 set_ttdummy(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
660 {
661         int32           on = PG_GETARG_INT32(0);
662
663         if (ttoff)                                      /* OFF currently */
664         {
665                 if (on == 0)
666                         PG_RETURN_INT32(0);
667
668                 /* turn ON */
669                 ttoff = false;
670                 PG_RETURN_INT32(0);
671         }
672
673         /* ON currently */
674         if (on != 0)
675                 PG_RETURN_INT32(1);
676
677         /* turn OFF */
678         ttoff = true;
679
680         PG_RETURN_INT32(1);
681 }
682
683
684 /*
685  * Type int44 has no real-world use, but the regression tests use it.
686  * It's a four-element vector of int4's.
687  */
688
689 /*
690  *              int44in                 - converts "num num ..." to internal form
691  *
692  *              Note: Fills any missing positions with zeroes.
693  */
694 PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(int44in);
695
696 Datum
697 int44in(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
698 {
699         char       *input_string = PG_GETARG_CSTRING(0);
700         int32      *result = (int32 *) palloc(4 * sizeof(int32));
701         int                     i;
702
703         i = sscanf(input_string,
704                            "%d, %d, %d, %d",
705                            &result[0],
706                            &result[1],
707                            &result[2],
708                            &result[3]);
709         while (i < 4)
710                 result[i++] = 0;
711
712         PG_RETURN_POINTER(result);
713 }
714
715 /*
716  *              int44out                - converts internal form to "num num ..."
717  */
718 PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(int44out);
719
720 Datum
721 int44out(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
722 {
723         int32      *an_array = (int32 *) PG_GETARG_POINTER(0);
724         char       *result = (char *) palloc(16 * 4);           /* Allow 14 digits +
725                                                                                                                  * sign */
726         int                     i;
727         char       *walk;
728
729         walk = result;
730         for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
731         {
732                 pg_ltoa(an_array[i], walk);
733                 while (*++walk != '\0')
734                         ;
735                 *walk++ = ' ';
736         }
737         *--walk = '\0';
738         PG_RETURN_CSTRING(result);
739 }