1 # -----------------------------
2 # PostgreSQL configuration file
3 # -----------------------------
5 # This file consists of lines of the form:
9 # (The "=" is optional.) Whitespace may be used. Comments are introduced with
10 # "#" anywhere on a line. The complete list of parameter names and allowed
11 # values can be found in the PostgreSQL documentation.
13 # The commented-out settings shown in this file represent the default values.
14 # Re-commenting a setting is NOT sufficient to revert it to the default value;
15 # you need to reload the server.
17 # This file is read on server startup and when the server receives a SIGHUP
18 # signal. If you edit the file on a running system, you have to SIGHUP the
19 # server for the changes to take effect, or use "pg_ctl reload". Some
20 # parameters, which are marked below, require a server shutdown and restart to
23 # Any parameter can also be given as a command-line option to the server, e.g.,
24 # "postgres -c log_connections=on". Some parameters can be changed at run time
25 # with the "SET" SQL command.
27 # Memory units: kB = kilobytes MB = megabytes GB = gigabytes
28 # Time units: ms = milliseconds s = seconds min = minutes h = hours d = days
31 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
33 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
35 # The default values of these variables are driven from the -D command-line
36 # option or PGDATA environment variable, represented here as ConfigDir.
38 #data_directory = 'ConfigDir' # use data in another directory
39 # (change requires restart)
40 #hba_file = 'ConfigDir/pg_hba.conf' # host-based authentication file
41 # (change requires restart)
42 #ident_file = 'ConfigDir/pg_ident.conf' # ident configuration file
43 # (change requires restart)
45 # If external_pid_file is not explicitly set, no extra PID file is written.
46 #external_pid_file = '(none)' # write an extra PID file
47 # (change requires restart)
50 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
51 # CONNECTIONS AND AUTHENTICATION
52 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
54 # - Connection Settings -
56 #listen_addresses = 'localhost' # what IP address(es) to listen on;
57 # comma-separated list of addresses;
58 # defaults to 'localhost', '*' = all
59 # (change requires restart)
60 #port = 5432 # (change requires restart)
61 #max_connections = 100 # (change requires restart)
62 # Note: Increasing max_connections costs ~400 bytes of shared memory per
63 # connection slot, plus lock space (see max_locks_per_transaction).
64 #superuser_reserved_connections = 3 # (change requires restart)
65 #unix_socket_directory = '' # (change requires restart)
66 #unix_socket_group = '' # (change requires restart)
67 #unix_socket_permissions = 0777 # begin with 0 to use octal notation
68 # (change requires restart)
69 #bonjour_name = '' # defaults to the computer name
70 # (change requires restart)
72 # - Security and Authentication -
74 #authentication_timeout = 1min # 1s-600s
75 #ssl = off # (change requires restart)
76 #ssl_ciphers = 'ALL:!ADH:!LOW:!EXP:!MD5:@STRENGTH' # allowed SSL ciphers
77 # (change requires restart)
78 #password_encryption = on
79 #db_user_namespace = off
82 #krb_server_keyfile = '' # (change requires restart)
83 #krb_srvname = 'postgres' # (change requires restart, Kerberos only)
84 #krb_server_hostname = '' # empty string matches any keytab entry
85 # (change requires restart, Kerberos only)
86 #krb_caseins_users = off # (change requires restart)
87 #krb_realm = '' # (change requires restart)
90 # see "man 7 tcp" for details
92 #tcp_keepalives_idle = 0 # TCP_KEEPIDLE, in seconds;
93 # 0 selects the system default
94 #tcp_keepalives_interval = 0 # TCP_KEEPINTVL, in seconds;
95 # 0 selects the system default
96 #tcp_keepalives_count = 0 # TCP_KEEPCNT;
97 # 0 selects the system default
100 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
101 # RESOURCE USAGE (except WAL)
102 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
106 #shared_buffers = 32MB # min 128kB
107 # (change requires restart)
108 #temp_buffers = 8MB # min 800kB
109 #max_prepared_transactions = 5 # can be 0 or more
110 # (change requires restart)
111 # Note: Increasing max_prepared_transactions costs ~600 bytes of shared memory
112 # per transaction slot, plus lock space (see max_locks_per_transaction).
113 #work_mem = 1MB # min 64kB
114 #maintenance_work_mem = 16MB # min 1MB
115 #max_stack_depth = 2MB # min 100kB
117 # - Kernel Resource Usage -
119 #max_files_per_process = 1000 # min 25
120 # (change requires restart)
121 #shared_preload_libraries = '' # (change requires restart)
123 # - Cost-Based Vacuum Delay -
125 #vacuum_cost_delay = 0 # 0-1000 milliseconds
126 #vacuum_cost_page_hit = 1 # 0-10000 credits
127 #vacuum_cost_page_miss = 10 # 0-10000 credits
128 #vacuum_cost_page_dirty = 20 # 0-10000 credits
129 #vacuum_cost_limit = 200 # 1-10000 credits
131 # - Background Writer -
133 #bgwriter_delay = 200ms # 10-10000ms between rounds
134 #bgwriter_lru_maxpages = 100 # 0-1000 max buffers written/round
135 #bgwriter_lru_multiplier = 2.0 # 0-10.0 multipler on buffers scanned/round
138 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
140 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
144 #fsync = on # turns forced synchronization on or off
145 #synchronous_commit = on # immediate fsync at commit
146 #wal_sync_method = fsync # the default is the first option
147 # supported by the operating system:
153 #full_page_writes = on # recover from partial page writes
154 #wal_buffers = 64kB # min 32kB
155 # (change requires restart)
156 #wal_writer_delay = 200ms # 1-10000 milliseconds
158 #commit_delay = 0 # range 0-100000, in microseconds
159 #commit_siblings = 5 # range 1-1000
163 #checkpoint_segments = 3 # in logfile segments, min 1, 16MB each
164 #checkpoint_timeout = 5min # range 30s-1h
165 #checkpoint_completion_target = 0.5 # checkpoint target duration, 0.0 - 1.0
166 #checkpoint_warning = 30s # 0 is off
170 #archive_mode = off # allows archiving to be done
171 # (change requires restart)
172 #archive_command = '' # command to use to archive a logfile segment
173 #archive_timeout = 0 # force a logfile segment switch after this
177 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
179 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
181 # - Planner Method Configuration -
183 #enable_bitmapscan = on
185 #enable_hashjoin = on
186 #enable_indexscan = on
187 #enable_mergejoin = on
188 #enable_nestloop = on
193 # - Planner Cost Constants -
195 #seq_page_cost = 1.0 # measured on an arbitrary scale
196 #random_page_cost = 4.0 # same scale as above
197 #cpu_tuple_cost = 0.01 # same scale as above
198 #cpu_index_tuple_cost = 0.005 # same scale as above
199 #cpu_operator_cost = 0.0025 # same scale as above
200 #effective_cache_size = 128MB
202 # - Genetic Query Optimizer -
206 #geqo_effort = 5 # range 1-10
207 #geqo_pool_size = 0 # selects default based on effort
208 #geqo_generations = 0 # selects default based on effort
209 #geqo_selection_bias = 2.0 # range 1.5-2.0
211 # - Other Planner Options -
213 #default_statistics_target = 100 # range 1-10000
214 #constraint_exclusion = off
215 #cursor_tuple_fraction = 0.1 # range 0.0-1.0
216 #from_collapse_limit = 8
217 #join_collapse_limit = 8 # 1 disables collapsing of explicit
221 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
222 # ERROR REPORTING AND LOGGING
223 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
227 #log_destination = 'stderr' # Valid values are combinations of
228 # stderr, csvlog, syslog and eventlog,
229 # depending on platform. csvlog
230 # requires logging_collector to be on.
232 # This is used when logging to stderr:
233 #logging_collector = off # Enable capturing of stderr and csvlog
234 # into log files. Required to be on for
236 # (change requires restart)
238 # These are only used if logging_collector is on:
239 #log_directory = 'pg_log' # directory where log files are written,
240 # can be absolute or relative to PGDATA
241 #log_filename = 'postgresql-%Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S.log' # log file name pattern,
242 # can include strftime() escapes
243 #log_truncate_on_rotation = off # If on, an existing log file of the
244 # same name as the new log file will be
245 # truncated rather than appended to.
246 # But such truncation only occurs on
247 # time-driven rotation, not on restarts
248 # or size-driven rotation. Default is
249 # off, meaning append to existing files
251 #log_rotation_age = 1d # Automatic rotation of logfiles will
252 # happen after that time. 0 to disable.
253 #log_rotation_size = 10MB # Automatic rotation of logfiles will
254 # happen after that much log output.
257 # These are relevant when logging to syslog:
258 #syslog_facility = 'LOCAL0'
259 #syslog_ident = 'postgres'
264 #client_min_messages = notice # values in order of decreasing detail:
275 #log_min_messages = warning # values in order of decreasing detail:
289 #log_error_verbosity = default # terse, default, or verbose messages
291 #log_min_error_statement = error # values in order of decreasing detail:
303 # panic (effectively off)
305 #log_min_duration_statement = -1 # -1 is disabled, 0 logs all statements
306 # and their durations, > 0 logs only
307 # statements running at least this time.
309 #silent_mode = off # DO NOT USE without syslog or
311 # (change requires restart)
315 #debug_print_parse = off
316 #debug_print_rewritten = off
317 #debug_print_plan = off
318 #debug_pretty_print = on
319 #log_checkpoints = off
320 #log_connections = off
321 #log_disconnections = off
324 #log_line_prefix = '' # special values:
327 # %r = remote host and port
330 # %t = timestamp without milliseconds
331 # %m = timestamp with milliseconds
334 # %l = session line number
335 # %s = session start timestamp
336 # %v = virtual transaction ID
337 # %x = transaction ID (0 if none)
338 # %q = stop here in non-session
342 #log_lock_waits = off # log lock waits >= deadlock_timeout
343 #log_statement = 'none' # none, ddl, mod, all
344 #log_temp_files = -1 # log temporary files equal or larger
345 # than specified size;
346 # -1 disables, 0 logs all temp files
347 #log_timezone = unknown # actually, defaults to TZ environment
351 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
353 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
355 # - Query/Index Statistics Collector -
357 #track_activities = on
359 #track_functions = none # none, pl, all
360 #track_activity_query_size = 1024
361 #update_process_title = on
362 #stats_temp_directory = 'pg_stat_tmp'
365 # - Statistics Monitoring -
367 #log_parser_stats = off
368 #log_planner_stats = off
369 #log_executor_stats = off
370 #log_statement_stats = off
373 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
374 # AUTOVACUUM PARAMETERS
375 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
377 #autovacuum = on # Enable autovacuum subprocess? 'on'
378 # requires track_counts to also be on.
379 #log_autovacuum_min_duration = -1 # -1 disables, 0 logs all actions and
380 # their durations, > 0 logs only
381 # actions running at least that time.
382 #autovacuum_max_workers = 3 # max number of autovacuum subprocesses
383 #autovacuum_naptime = 1min # time between autovacuum runs
384 #autovacuum_vacuum_threshold = 50 # min number of row updates before
386 #autovacuum_analyze_threshold = 50 # min number of row updates before
388 #autovacuum_vacuum_scale_factor = 0.2 # fraction of table size before vacuum
389 #autovacuum_analyze_scale_factor = 0.1 # fraction of table size before analyze
390 #autovacuum_freeze_max_age = 200000000 # maximum XID age before forced vacuum
391 # (change requires restart)
392 #autovacuum_vacuum_cost_delay = 20 # default vacuum cost delay for
393 # autovacuum, -1 means use
395 #autovacuum_vacuum_cost_limit = -1 # default vacuum cost limit for
396 # autovacuum, -1 means use
400 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
401 # CLIENT CONNECTION DEFAULTS
402 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
404 # - Statement Behavior -
406 #search_path = '"$user",public' # schema names
407 #default_tablespace = '' # a tablespace name, '' uses the default
408 #temp_tablespaces = '' # a list of tablespace names, '' uses
409 # only default tablespace
410 #check_function_bodies = on
411 #default_transaction_isolation = 'read committed'
412 #default_transaction_read_only = off
413 #session_replication_role = 'origin'
414 #statement_timeout = 0 # 0 is disabled
415 #vacuum_freeze_min_age = 100000000
416 #xmlbinary = 'base64'
417 #xmloption = 'content'
419 # - Locale and Formatting -
421 #datestyle = 'iso, mdy'
422 #intervalstyle = 'postgres'
423 #timezone = unknown # actually, defaults to TZ environment
425 #timezone_abbreviations = 'Default' # Select the set of available time zone
426 # abbreviations. Currently, there are
430 # You can create your own file in
431 # share/timezonesets/.
432 #extra_float_digits = 0 # min -15, max 2
433 #client_encoding = sql_ascii # actually, defaults to database
436 # These settings are initialized by initdb, but they can be changed.
437 #lc_messages = 'C' # locale for system error message
439 #lc_monetary = 'C' # locale for monetary formatting
440 #lc_numeric = 'C' # locale for number formatting
441 #lc_time = 'C' # locale for time formatting
443 # default configuration for text search
444 #default_text_search_config = 'pg_catalog.simple'
448 #dynamic_library_path = '$libdir'
449 #local_preload_libraries = ''
452 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
454 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
456 #deadlock_timeout = 1s
457 #max_locks_per_transaction = 64 # min 10
458 # (change requires restart)
459 # Note: Each lock table slot uses ~270 bytes of shared memory, and there are
460 # max_locks_per_transaction * (max_connections + max_prepared_transactions)
464 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
465 # VERSION/PLATFORM COMPATIBILITY
466 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
468 # - Previous PostgreSQL Versions -
470 #add_missing_from = off
472 #backslash_quote = safe_encoding # on, off, or safe_encoding
473 #default_with_oids = off
474 #escape_string_warning = on
475 #regex_flavor = advanced # advanced, extended, or basic
476 #sql_inheritance = on
477 #standard_conforming_strings = off
478 #synchronize_seqscans = on
480 # - Other Platforms and Clients -
482 #transform_null_equals = off
485 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
487 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
489 #custom_variable_classes = '' # list of custom variable class names