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10 <title>dbmmanage - Manage user authentication files in DBM format - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.5</title>
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20 <p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.5</p>
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24 <a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="../">Version 2.5</a> > <a href="./">Programs</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>dbmmanage - Manage user authentication files in DBM format</h1>
26 <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/programs/dbmmanage.html" title="English"> en </a> |
27 <a href="../fr/programs/dbmmanage.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> |
28 <a href="../ko/programs/dbmmanage.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
29 <a href="../tr/programs/dbmmanage.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a></p>
32 <p><code>dbmmanage</code> is used to create and update the DBM format files
33 used to store usernames and password for basic authentication of HTTP users
34 via <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_dbm.html">mod_authn_dbm</a></code>.
35 Resources available from the Apache HTTP server can be restricted to just
36 the users listed in the files created by <code>dbmmanage</code>. This
37 program can only be used when the usernames are stored in a DBM file. To
38 use a flat-file database see <code class="program"><a href="../programs/htpasswd.html">htpasswd</a></code>.</p>
40 <p>Another tool to maintain a DBM password database is
41 <code class="program"><a href="../programs/htdbm.html">htdbm</a></code>.</p>
43 <p>This manual page only lists the command line arguments. For details of
44 the directives necessary to configure user authentication in
45 <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> see the httpd manual, which is part of
46 the Apache distribution or can be found at <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">http://httpd.apache.org/</a>.</p>
48 <div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#synopsis">Synopsis</a></li>
49 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#options">Options</a></li>
50 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#bugs">Bugs</a></li>
51 </ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code></li><li><code class="program"><a href="../programs/htdbm.html">htdbm</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_dbm.html">mod_authn_dbm</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_dbm.html">mod_authz_dbm</a></code></li><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
52 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
54 <h2><a name="synopsis" id="synopsis">Synopsis</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#synopsis" class="permalink">¶</a></h2>
55 <p><code><strong>dbmmanage</strong> [ <var>encoding</var> ]
56 <var>filename</var> add|adduser|check|delete|update
58 [ <var>encpasswd</var>
59 [ <var>group</var>[,<var>group</var>...]
60 [ <var>comment</var> ] ] ]</code></p>
62 <p><code><strong>dbmmanage</strong> <var>filename</var>
63 view [ <var>username</var> ]</code></p>
65 <p><code><strong>dbmmanage</strong> <var>filename</var> import</code></p>
66 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
68 <h2><a name="options" id="options">Options</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#options" class="permalink">¶</a></h2>
70 <dt><code><var>filename</var></code></dt>
71 <dd>The filename of the DBM format file. Usually without the extension
72 <code>.db</code>, <code>.pag</code>, or <code>.dir</code>.</dd>
74 <dt><code><var>username</var></code></dt>
75 <dd>The user for which the operations are performed. The <var>username</var>
76 may not contain a colon (<code>:</code>).</dd>
78 <dt><code><var>encpasswd</var></code></dt>
79 <dd>This is the already encrypted password to use for the
80 <code>update</code> and <code>add</code> commands. You may use a hyphen
81 (<code>-</code>) if you want to get prompted for the password, but fill
82 in the fields afterwards. Additionally when using the <code>update</code>
83 command, a period (<code>.</code>) keeps the original password
86 <dt><code><var>group</var></code></dt>
87 <dd>A group, which the user is member of. A groupname may not contain a
88 colon (<code>:</code>). You may use a hyphen (<code>-</code>) if you don't
89 want to assign the user to a group, but fill in the comment field.
90 Additionally when using the <code>update</code> command, a period
91 (<code>.</code>) keeps the original groups untouched.</dd>
93 <dt><code><var>comment</var></code></dt>
94 <dd>This is the place for your opaque comments about the user, like
95 realname, mailaddress or such things. The server will ignore this
99 <h3><a name="options.encodings" id="options.encodings">Encodings</a></h3>
101 <dt><code>-d</code></dt>
102 <dd>crypt encryption (default, except on Win32, Netware)</dd>
104 <dt><code>-m</code></dt>
105 <dd>MD5 encryption (default on Win32, Netware)</dd>
107 <dt><code>-s</code></dt>
108 <dd>SHA1 encryption</dd>
110 <dt><code>-p</code></dt>
111 <dd>plaintext (<em>not recommended</em>)</dd>
115 <h3><a name="options.commands" id="options.commands">Commands</a></h3>
117 <dt><code>add</code></dt>
118 <dd>Adds an entry for <var>username</var> to <var>filename</var> using the
119 encrypted password <var>encpasswd</var>.
121 <div class="example"><p><code>dbmmanage passwords.dat add rbowen foKntnEF3KSXA</code></p></div>
124 <dt><code>adduser</code></dt>
125 <dd>Asks for a password and then adds an entry for <var>username</var> to
128 <div class="example"><p><code>dbmmanage passwords.dat adduser krietz</code></p></div>
131 <dt><code>check</code></dt>
132 <dd>Asks for a password and then checks if <var>username</var> is in
133 <var>filename</var> and if it's password matches the specified one.
135 <div class="example"><p><code>dbmmanage passwords.dat check rbowen</code></p></div>
138 <dt><code>delete</code></dt>
139 <dd>Deletes the <var>username</var> entry from <var>filename</var>.
141 <div class="example"><p><code>dbmmanage passwords.dat delete rbowen</code></p></div>
144 <dt><code>import</code></dt>
145 <dd>Reads <code><var>username</var>:<var>password</var></code> entries
146 (one per line) from <code>STDIN</code> and adds them to
147 <var>filename</var>. The passwords already have to be crypted.</dd>
149 <dt><code>update</code></dt>
150 <dd>Same as the <code>adduser</code> command, except that it makes
151 sure <var>username</var> already exists in <var>filename</var>.
153 <div class="example"><p><code>dbmmanage passwords.dat update rbowen</code></p></div>
156 <dt><code>view</code></dt>
157 <dd>Just displays the contents of the DBM file. If you specify a
158 <var>username</var>, it displays the particular record only.
160 <div class="example"><p><code>dbmmanage passwords.dat view</code></p></div>
164 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
165 <div class="section">
166 <h2><a name="bugs" id="bugs">Bugs</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#bugs" class="permalink">¶</a></h2>
167 <p>One should be aware that there are a number of different DBM file formats
168 in existence, and with all likelihood, libraries for more than one format
169 may exist on your system. The three primary examples are SDBM, NDBM, the GNU
170 project's GDBM, and Berkeley DB 2. Unfortunately, all these libraries use
171 different file formats, and you must make sure that the file format used
172 by <var>filename</var> is the same format that <code>dbmmanage</code>
173 expects to see. <code>dbmmanage</code> currently has no way of determining
174 what type of DBM file it is looking at. If used against the wrong format,
175 will simply return nothing, or may create a different DBM file with a
176 different name, or at worst, it may corrupt the DBM file if you were
177 attempting to write to it.</p>
179 <p><code>dbmmanage</code> has a list of DBM format preferences, defined by
180 the <code>@AnyDBM::ISA</code> array near the beginning of the program. Since
181 we prefer the Berkeley DB 2 file format, the order in which
182 <code>dbmmanage</code> will look for system libraries is Berkeley DB 2,
183 then NDBM, then GDBM and then SDBM. The first library found will be the
184 library <code>dbmmanage</code> will attempt to use for all DBM file
185 transactions. This ordering is slightly different than the standard
186 <code>@AnyDBM::ISA</code> ordering in Perl, as well as the ordering used by
187 the simple <code>dbmopen()</code> call in Perl, so if you use any other
188 utilities to manage your DBM files, they must also follow this preference
189 ordering. Similar care must be taken if using programs in other languages,
190 like C, to access these files.</p>
192 <p>One can usually use the <code>file</code> program supplied with most
193 Unix systems to see what format a DBM file is in.</p>
195 <div class="bottomlang">
196 <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/programs/dbmmanage.html" title="English"> en </a> |
197 <a href="../fr/programs/dbmmanage.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> |
198 <a href="../ko/programs/dbmmanage.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
199 <a href="../tr/programs/dbmmanage.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a></p>
200 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img src="../images/up.gif" alt="top" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a id="comments_section" name="comments_section">Comments</a></h2><div class="warning"><strong>Notice:</strong><br />This is not a Q&A section. Comments placed here should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation or server, and may be removed again by our moderators if they are either implemented or considered invalid/off-topic. Questions on how to manage the Apache HTTP Server should be directed at either our IRC channel, #httpd, on Freenode, or sent to our <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/lists.html">mailing lists</a>.</div>
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