2 <!DOCTYPE modulesynopsis SYSTEM "../style/modulesynopsis.dtd">
3 <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="../style/manual.en.xsl"?>
4 <!-- $LastChangedRevision$ -->
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11 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
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14 http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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23 <modulesynopsis metafile="mod_dir.xml.meta">
25 <description>Provides for "trailing slash" redirects and
26 serving directory index files</description>
28 <sourcefile>mod_dir.c</sourcefile>
29 <identifier>dir_module</identifier>
32 <p>The index of a directory can come from one of two sources:</p>
35 <li>A file written by the user, typically called
36 <code>index.html</code>. The <directive module="mod_dir"
37 >DirectoryIndex</directive> directive sets the
38 name of this file. This is controlled by
39 <module>mod_dir</module>.</li>
41 <li>Otherwise, a listing generated by the server. This is
42 provided by <module>mod_autoindex</module>.</li>
44 <p>The two functions are separated so that you can completely
45 remove (or replace) automatic index generation should you want
48 <p>A "trailing slash" redirect is issued when the server
49 receives a request for a URL
50 <code>http://servername/foo/dirname</code> where
51 <code>dirname</code> is a directory. Directories require a
52 trailing slash, so <module>mod_dir</module> issues a redirect to
53 <code>http://servername/foo/dirname/</code>.</p>
57 <name>DirectoryIndex</name>
58 <description>List of resources to look for when the client requests
59 a directory</description>
60 <syntax>DirectoryIndex
61 disabled | <var>local-url</var> [<var>local-url</var>] ...</syntax>
62 <default>DirectoryIndex index.html</default>
63 <contextlist><context>server config</context><context>virtual host</context>
64 <context>directory</context><context>.htaccess</context></contextlist>
65 <override>Indexes</override>
68 <p>The <directive>DirectoryIndex</directive> directive sets the
69 list of resources to look for, when the client requests an index
70 of the directory by specifying a / at the end of the directory
71 name. <var>Local-url</var> is the (%-encoded) URL of a document on
72 the server relative to the requested directory; it is usually the
73 name of a file in the directory. Several URLs may be given, in
74 which case the server will return the first one that it finds. If
75 none of the resources exist and the <code>Indexes</code> option is
76 set, the server will generate its own listing of the
79 <example><title>Example</title>
80 DirectoryIndex index.html
83 <p>then a request for <code>http://myserver/docs/</code> would
84 return <code>http://myserver/docs/index.html</code> if it
85 exists, or would list the directory if it did not.</p>
87 <p>Note that the documents do not need to be relative to the
91 DirectoryIndex index.html index.txt /cgi-bin/index.pl
94 <p>would cause the CGI script <code>/cgi-bin/index.pl</code> to be
95 executed if neither <code>index.html</code> or <code>index.txt</code>
96 existed in a directory.</p>
98 <p>A single argument of "disabled" prevents <module>mod_dir</module> from
99 searching for an index. An argument of "disabled" will be interpeted
100 literally if it has any arguments before or after it, even if they are "disabled"
107 <name>DirectoryIndexRedirect</name>
108 <description>Configures an external redirect for directory indexes.
110 <syntax>DirectoryIndexRedirect on | off | permanent | temp | seeother |
113 <default>DirectoryIndexRedirect off</default>
114 <contextlist><context>server config</context><context>virtual host</context>
115 <context>directory</context><context>.htaccess</context></contextlist>
116 <override>Indexes</override>
117 <compatability>Available in version 2.3.14 and later</compatability>
120 <p>By default, the <directive>DirectoryIndex</directive> is selected
121 and returned transparently to the client. <directive
122 >DirectoryIndexRedirect</directive> causes an external redirect
123 to instead be issued.</p>
125 <example><title>Example</title>
126 DirectoryIndexRedirect on
129 <p>A request for <code>http://example.com/docs/</code> would
130 return a temporary redirect to <code
131 >http://example.com/docs/index.html</code>
139 <name>DirectorySlash</name>
140 <description>Toggle trailing slash redirects on or off</description>
141 <syntax>DirectorySlash On|Off</syntax>
142 <default>DirectorySlash On</default>
143 <contextlist><context>server config</context><context>virtual host</context>
144 <context>directory</context><context>.htaccess</context></contextlist>
145 <override>Indexes</override>
146 <compatibility>Available in version 2.0.51 and later</compatibility>
149 <p>The <directive>DirectorySlash</directive> directive determines whether
150 <module>mod_dir</module> should fixup URLs pointing to a directory or
153 <p>Typically if a user requests a resource without a trailing slash, which
154 points to a directory, <module>mod_dir</module> redirects him to the same
155 resource, but <em>with</em> trailing slash for some good reasons:</p>
158 <li>The user is finally requesting the canonical URL of the resource</li>
159 <li><module>mod_autoindex</module> works correctly. Since it doesn't emit
160 the path in the link, it would point to the wrong path.</li>
161 <li><directive module="mod_dir">DirectoryIndex</directive> will be evaluated
162 <em>only</em> for directories requested with trailing slash.</li>
163 <li>Relative URL references inside html pages will work correctly.</li>
166 <p>If you don't want this effect <em>and</em> the reasons above don't
167 apply to you, you can turn off the redirect as shown below. However,
168 be aware that there are possible security implications to doing
172 # see security warning below!<br />
173 <Location /some/path><br />
175 DirectorySlash Off<br />
176 SetHandler some-handler<br />
181 <note type="warning"><title>Security Warning</title>
182 <p>Turning off the trailing slash redirect may result in an information
183 disclosure. Consider a situation where <module>mod_autoindex</module> is
184 active (<code>Options +Indexes</code>) and <directive module="mod_dir"
185 >DirectoryIndex</directive> is set to a valid resource (say,
186 <code>index.html</code>) and there's no other special handler defined for
187 that URL. In this case a request with a trailing slash would show the
188 <code>index.html</code> file. <strong>But a request without trailing slash
189 would list the directory contents</strong>.</p>
194 <name>FallbackResource</name>
195 <description>Define a default URL for requests that don't map to a file</description>
196 <syntax>FallbackResource <var>local-url</var></syntax>
197 <default>None - httpd will return 404 (Not Found)</default>
198 <contextlist><context>server config</context><context>virtual host</context>
199 <context>directory</context><context>.htaccess</context></contextlist>
200 <override>Indexes</override>
202 <p>Use this to set a handler for any URL that doesn't map to anything
203 in your filesystem, and would otherwise return HTTP 404 (Not Found).
206 <code>FallbackResource /not-404.php</code>
208 <p>will cause requests for non-existent files to be handled by
209 <code>not-404.php</code>, while requests for files that exist
211 <p>It is frequently desirable to have a single file or resource
212 handle all requests to a particular directory, except those requests
213 that correspond to an existing file or script. This is often
214 referred to as a 'front controller.'</p>
215 <p>In earlier versions of httpd, this effect typically required
216 <module>mod_rewrite</module>, and the use of the <code>-f</code> and
217 <code>-d</code> tests for file and directory existence. This now
218 requires only one line of configuration.</p>
220 <code>FallbackResource /index.php</code>
222 <p>Existing files, such as images, css files, and so on, will be
224 <p>In a sub-URI, such as <em>http://example.com/blog/</em> this
225 <em>sub-URI</em> has to be supplied as <var>local-url</var>:</p>
228 <Directory /web/example.com/htdocs/blog><br />
230 FallbackResource /blog/index.php<br />