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  19 <p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.5</p>
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  23 <a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> &gt; <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> &gt; <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> &gt; <a href="../">Version 2.5</a> &gt; <a href="./">Modules</a></div>
  24 <div id="page-content">
  25 <div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_dir</h1>
  26 <div class="toplang">
  27 <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_dir.html" title="English">&nbsp;en&nbsp;</a> |
  28 <a href="../fr/mod/mod_dir.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français">&nbsp;fr&nbsp;</a> |
  29 <a href="../ja/mod/mod_dir.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese">&nbsp;ja&nbsp;</a> |
  30 <a href="../ko/mod/mod_dir.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean">&nbsp;ko&nbsp;</a> |
  31 <a href="../tr/mod/mod_dir.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe">&nbsp;tr&nbsp;</a></p>
  32 </div>
  33 <table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Provides for "trailing slash" redirects and
  34     serving directory index files</td></tr>
  35 <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
  36 <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module Identifier:</a></th><td>dir_module</td></tr>
  37 <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">Source File:</a></th><td>mod_dir.c</td></tr></table>
  38 <h3>Summary</h3>
  39
  40     <p>The index of a directory can come from one of two sources:</p>
  41
  42     <ul>
  43       <li>A file written by the user, typically called
  44       <code>index.html</code>. The <code class="directive"><a href="#directoryindex">DirectoryIndex</a></code> directive sets the
  45       name of this file. This is controlled by
  46       <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dir.html">mod_dir</a></code>.</li>
  47
  48       <li>Otherwise, a listing generated by the server. This is
  49       provided by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_autoindex.html">mod_autoindex</a></code>.</li>
  50     </ul>
  51     <p>The two functions are separated so that you can completely
  52     remove (or replace) automatic index generation should you want
  53     to.</p>
  54
  55     <p>A "trailing slash" redirect is issued when the server
  56     receives a request for a URL
  57     <code>http://servername/foo/dirname</code> where
  58     <code>dirname</code> is a directory. Directories require a
  59     trailing slash, so <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dir.html">mod_dir</a></code> issues a redirect to
  60     <code>http://servername/foo/dirname/</code>.</p>
  61 </div>
  62 <div id="quickview"><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
  63 <ul id="toc">
  64 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#directoryindex">DirectoryIndex</a></li>
  65 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#directoryindexredirect">DirectoryIndexRedirect</a></li>
  66 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#directoryslash">DirectorySlash</a></li>
  67 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#fallbackresource">FallbackResource</a></li>
  68 </ul>
  69 <ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
  70
  71 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
  72 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="DirectoryIndex" id="DirectoryIndex">DirectoryIndex</a> <a name="directoryindex" id="directoryindex">Directive</a></h2>
  73 <table class="directive">
  74 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>List of resources to look for when the client requests
  75 a directory</td></tr>
  76 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>DirectoryIndex
  77     disabled | <var>local-url</var> [<var>local-url</var>] ...</code></td></tr>
  78 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>DirectoryIndex index.html</code></td></tr>
  79 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
  80 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>Indexes</td></tr>
  81 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
  82 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_dir</td></tr>
  83 </table>
  84     <p>The <code class="directive">DirectoryIndex</code> directive sets the
  85     list of resources to look for, when the client requests an index
  86     of the directory by specifying a / at the end of the directory
  87     name.  <var>Local-url</var> is the (%-encoded) URL of a document on
  88     the server relative to the requested directory; it is usually the
  89     name of a file in the directory. Several URLs may be given, in
  90     which case the server will return the first one that it finds.  If
  91     none of the resources exist and the <code>Indexes</code> option is
  92     set, the server will generate its own listing of the
  93     directory.</p>
  94
  95     <div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
  96       DirectoryIndex index.html
  97       </pre>
  98 </div>
  99
 100     <p>then a request for <code>http://example.com/docs/</code> would
 101     return <code>http://example.com/docs/index.html</code> if it
 102     exists, or would list the directory if it did not.</p>
 103
 104     <p>Note that the documents do not need to be relative to the
 105     directory;</p>
 106
 107     <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
 108       DirectoryIndex index.html index.txt  /cgi-bin/index.pl
 109     </pre>
 110
 111
 112     <p>would cause the CGI script <code>/cgi-bin/index.pl</code> to be
 113     executed if neither <code>index.html</code> or <code>index.txt</code>
 114     existed in a directory.</p>
 115
 116     <p>A single argument of "disabled" prevents <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dir.html">mod_dir</a></code> from
 117     searching for an index.  An argument of "disabled" will be interpreted
 118     literally if it has any arguments before or after it, even if they are "disabled"
 119     as well.</p>
 120
 121     <p><strong>Note:</strong> Multiple <code class="directive">DirectoryIndex</code>
 122     directives within the <a href="../sections.html"><em>same context</em></a> will add
 123     to the list of resources to look for rather than replace:
 124     </p>
 125     <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
 126 # Example A: Set index.html as an index page, then add index.php to that list as well.
 127 &lt;Directory /foo&gt;
 128     DirectoryIndex index.html
 129     DirectoryIndex index.php
 130 &lt;/Directory&gt;
 131
 132 # Example B: This is identical to example A, except it's done with a single directive.
 133 &lt;Directory /foo&gt;
 134     DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
 135 &lt;/Directory&gt;
 136
 137 # Example C: To replace the list, you must explicitly reset it first:
 138 # In this example, only index.php will remain as an index resource.
 139 &lt;Directory /foo&gt;
 140     DirectoryIndex index.html
 141     DirectoryIndex disabled
 142     DirectoryIndex index.php
 143 &lt;/Directory&gt;
 144     </pre>
 145
 146
 147
 148 </div>
 149 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
 150 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="DirectoryIndexRedirect" id="DirectoryIndexRedirect">DirectoryIndexRedirect</a> <a name="directoryindexredirect" id="directoryindexredirect">Directive</a></h2>
 151 <table class="directive">
 152 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Configures an external redirect for directory indexes.
 153 </td></tr>
 154 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>DirectoryIndexRedirect on | off | permanent | temp | seeother |
 155 <var>3xx-code</var>
 156 </code></td></tr>
 157 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>DirectoryIndexRedirect off</code></td></tr>
 158 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
 159 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>Indexes</td></tr>
 160 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
 161 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_dir</td></tr>
 162 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available in version 2.3.14 and later</td></tr>
 163 </table>
 164     <p>By default, the <code class="directive">DirectoryIndex</code> is selected
 165     and returned transparently to the client.  <code class="directive">DirectoryIndexRedirect</code> causes an external redirect
 166     to instead be issued.</p>
 167
 168     <div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
 169       DirectoryIndexRedirect on
 170       </pre>
 171 </div>
 172
 173     <p>A request for <code>http://example.com/docs/</code> would
 174     return a temporary redirect to <code>http://example.com/docs/index.html</code>
 175     if it exists.</p>
 176
 177
 178 </div>
 179 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
 180 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="DirectorySlash" id="DirectorySlash">DirectorySlash</a> <a name="directoryslash" id="directoryslash">Directive</a></h2>
 181 <table class="directive">
 182 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Toggle trailing slash redirects on or off</td></tr>
 183 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>DirectorySlash On|Off</code></td></tr>
 184 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>DirectorySlash On</code></td></tr>
 185 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
 186 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>Indexes</td></tr>
 187 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
 188 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_dir</td></tr>
 189 </table>
 190     <p>The <code class="directive">DirectorySlash</code> directive determines whether
 191     <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dir.html">mod_dir</a></code> should fixup URLs pointing to a directory or
 192     not.</p>
 193
 194     <p>Typically if a user requests a resource without a trailing slash, which
 195     points to a directory, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dir.html">mod_dir</a></code> redirects him to the same
 196     resource, but <em>with</em> trailing slash for some good reasons:</p>
 197
 198     <ul>
 199     <li>The user is finally requesting the canonical URL of the resource</li>
 200     <li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_autoindex.html">mod_autoindex</a></code> works correctly. Since it doesn't emit
 201     the path in the link, it would point to the wrong path.</li>
 202     <li><code class="directive"><a href="#directoryindex">DirectoryIndex</a></code> will be evaluated
 203     <em>only</em> for directories requested with trailing slash.</li>
 204     <li>Relative URL references inside html pages will work correctly.</li>
 205     </ul>
 206
 207     <p>If you don't want this effect <em>and</em> the reasons above don't
 208     apply to you, you can turn off the redirect as shown below. However,
 209     be aware that there are possible security implications to doing
 210     this.</p>
 211
 212     <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
 213 # see security warning below!
 214 &lt;Location /some/path&gt;
 215     DirectorySlash Off
 216     SetHandler some-handler
 217 &lt;/Location&gt;
 218     </pre>
 219
 220
 221     <div class="warning"><h3>Security Warning</h3>
 222     <p>Turning off the trailing slash redirect may result in an information
 223     disclosure. Consider a situation where <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_autoindex.html">mod_autoindex</a></code> is
 224     active (<code>Options +Indexes</code>) and <code class="directive"><a href="#directoryindex">DirectoryIndex</a></code> is set to a valid resource (say,
 225     <code>index.html</code>) and there's no other special handler defined for
 226     that URL. In this case a request with a trailing slash would show the
 227     <code>index.html</code> file. <strong>But a request without trailing slash
 228     would list the directory contents</strong>.</p>
 229     </div>
 230         <p>Also note that some browsers may erroneously change POST requests into GET
 231         (thus discarding POST data) when a redirect is issued.</p>
 232
 233 </div>
 234 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
 235 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="FallbackResource" id="FallbackResource">FallbackResource</a> <a name="fallbackresource" id="fallbackresource">Directive</a></h2>
 236 <table class="directive">
 237 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Define a default URL for requests that don't map to a file</td></tr>
 238 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>FallbackResource disabled | <var>local-url</var></code></td></tr>
 239 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>disabled - httpd will return 404 (Not Found)</code></td></tr>
 240 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
 241 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>Indexes</td></tr>
 242 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
 243 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_dir</td></tr>
 244 </table>
 245     <p>Use this to set a handler for any URL that doesn't map to anything
 246     in your filesystem, and would otherwise return HTTP 404 (Not Found).
 247     For example</p>
 248     <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
 249         FallbackResource /not-404.php
 250     </pre>
 251
 252     <p>will cause requests for non-existent files to be handled by
 253     <code>not-404.php</code>, while requests for files that exist
 254     are unaffected.</p>
 255     <p>It is frequently desirable to have a single file or resource
 256     handle all requests to a particular directory, except those requests
 257     that correspond to an existing file or script. This is often
 258     referred to as a 'front controller.'</p>
 259     <p>In earlier versions of httpd, this effect typically required
 260     <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code>, and the use of the <code>-f</code> and
 261     <code>-d</code> tests for file and directory existence. This now
 262     requires only one line of configuration.</p>
 263     <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
 264         FallbackResource /index.php
 265     </pre>
 266
 267     <p>Existing files, such as images, css files, and so on, will be
 268     served normally.</p>
 269     <p>Use the <code>disabled</code> argument to disable that feature
 270     if inheritance from a parent directory is not desired.</p>
 271     <p>In a sub-URI, such as <em>http://example.com/blog/</em> this
 272     <em>sub-URI</em> has to be supplied as <var>local-url</var>:</p>
 273     <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
 274 &lt;Directory /web/example.com/htdocs/blog&gt;
 275     FallbackResource /blog/index.php
 276 &lt;/Directory&gt;
 277 &lt;Directory /web/example.com/htdocs/blog/images&gt;
 278     FallbackResource disabled
 279 &lt;/Directory&gt;
 280     </pre>
 281
 282
 283 </div>
 284 </div>
 285 <div class="bottomlang">
 286 <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_dir.html" title="English">&nbsp;en&nbsp;</a> |
 287 <a href="../fr/mod/mod_dir.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français">&nbsp;fr&nbsp;</a> |
 288 <a href="../ja/mod/mod_dir.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese">&nbsp;ja&nbsp;</a> |
 289 <a href="../ko/mod/mod_dir.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean">&nbsp;ko&nbsp;</a> |
 290 <a href="../tr/mod/mod_dir.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe">&nbsp;tr&nbsp;</a></p>
 291 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img src="../images/up.gif" alt="top" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a id="comments_section" name="comments_section">Comments</a></h2><div class="warning"><strong>Notice:</strong><br />This is not a Q&amp;A section. Comments placed here should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation or server, and may be removed again by our moderators if they are either implemented or considered invalid/off-topic. Questions on how to manage the Apache HTTP Server should be directed at either our IRC channel, #httpd, on Freenode, or sent to our <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/lists.html">mailing lists</a>.</div>
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