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25 <div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_dir</h1>
27 <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_dir.html" title="English"> en </a> |
28 <a href="../fr/mod/mod_dir.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> |
29 <a href="../ja/mod/mod_dir.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
30 <a href="../ko/mod/mod_dir.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
31 <a href="../tr/mod/mod_dir.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a></p>
33 <table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Provides for "trailing slash" redirects and
34 serving directory index files</td></tr>
35 <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
36 <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module Identifier:</a></th><td>dir_module</td></tr>
37 <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">Source File:</a></th><td>mod_dir.c</td></tr></table>
40 <p>The index of a directory can come from one of two sources:</p>
43 <li>A file written by the user, typically called
44 <code>index.html</code>. The <code class="directive"><a href="#directoryindex">DirectoryIndex</a></code> directive sets the
45 name of this file. This is controlled by
46 <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dir.html">mod_dir</a></code>.</li>
48 <li>Otherwise, a listing generated by the server. This is
49 provided by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_autoindex.html">mod_autoindex</a></code>.</li>
51 <p>The two functions are separated so that you can completely
52 remove (or replace) automatic index generation should you want
55 <p>A "trailing slash" redirect is issued when the server
56 receives a request for a URL
57 <code>http://servername/foo/dirname</code> where
58 <code>dirname</code> is a directory. Directories require a
59 trailing slash, so <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dir.html">mod_dir</a></code> issues a redirect to
60 <code>http://servername/foo/dirname/</code>.</p>
62 <div id="quickview"><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
64 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#directoryindex">DirectoryIndex</a></li>
65 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#directoryindexredirect">DirectoryIndexRedirect</a></li>
66 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#directoryslash">DirectorySlash</a></li>
67 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#fallbackresource">FallbackResource</a></li>
69 <ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
71 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
72 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="DirectoryIndex" id="DirectoryIndex">DirectoryIndex</a> <a name="directoryindex" id="directoryindex">Directive</a></h2>
73 <table class="directive">
74 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>List of resources to look for when the client requests
76 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>DirectoryIndex
77 disabled | <var>local-url</var> [<var>local-url</var>] ...</code></td></tr>
78 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>DirectoryIndex index.html</code></td></tr>
79 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
80 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>Indexes</td></tr>
81 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
82 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_dir</td></tr>
84 <p>The <code class="directive">DirectoryIndex</code> directive sets the
85 list of resources to look for, when the client requests an index
86 of the directory by specifying a / at the end of the directory
87 name. <var>Local-url</var> is the (%-encoded) URL of a document on
88 the server relative to the requested directory; it is usually the
89 name of a file in the directory. Several URLs may be given, in
90 which case the server will return the first one that it finds. If
91 none of the resources exist and the <code>Indexes</code> option is
92 set, the server will generate its own listing of the
95 <div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
96 DirectoryIndex index.html
100 <p>then a request for <code>http://example.com/docs/</code> would
101 return <code>http://example.com/docs/index.html</code> if it
102 exists, or would list the directory if it did not.</p>
104 <p>Note that the documents do not need to be relative to the
107 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
108 DirectoryIndex index.html index.txt /cgi-bin/index.pl
112 <p>would cause the CGI script <code>/cgi-bin/index.pl</code> to be
113 executed if neither <code>index.html</code> or <code>index.txt</code>
114 existed in a directory.</p>
116 <p>A single argument of "disabled" prevents <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dir.html">mod_dir</a></code> from
117 searching for an index. An argument of "disabled" will be interpreted
118 literally if it has any arguments before or after it, even if they are "disabled"
121 <p><strong>Note:</strong> Multiple <code class="directive">DirectoryIndex</code>
122 directives within the <a href="../sections.html"><em>same context</em></a> will add
123 to the list of resources to look for rather than replace:
125 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
126 # Example A: Set index.html as an index page, then add index.php to that list as well.
127 <Directory /foo>
128 DirectoryIndex index.html
129 DirectoryIndex index.php
132 # Example B: This is identical to example A, except it's done with a single directive.
133 <Directory /foo>
134 DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
137 # Example C: To replace the list, you must explicitly reset it first:
138 # In this example, only index.php will remain as an index resource.
139 <Directory /foo>
140 DirectoryIndex index.html
141 DirectoryIndex disabled
142 DirectoryIndex index.php
149 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
150 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="DirectoryIndexRedirect" id="DirectoryIndexRedirect">DirectoryIndexRedirect</a> <a name="directoryindexredirect" id="directoryindexredirect">Directive</a></h2>
151 <table class="directive">
152 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Configures an external redirect for directory indexes.
154 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>DirectoryIndexRedirect on | off | permanent | temp | seeother |
157 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>DirectoryIndexRedirect off</code></td></tr>
158 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
159 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>Indexes</td></tr>
160 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
161 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_dir</td></tr>
162 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available in version 2.3.14 and later</td></tr>
164 <p>By default, the <code class="directive">DirectoryIndex</code> is selected
165 and returned transparently to the client. <code class="directive">DirectoryIndexRedirect</code> causes an external redirect
166 to instead be issued.</p>
168 <div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
169 DirectoryIndexRedirect on
173 <p>A request for <code>http://example.com/docs/</code> would
174 return a temporary redirect to <code>http://example.com/docs/index.html</code>
179 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
180 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="DirectorySlash" id="DirectorySlash">DirectorySlash</a> <a name="directoryslash" id="directoryslash">Directive</a></h2>
181 <table class="directive">
182 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Toggle trailing slash redirects on or off</td></tr>
183 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>DirectorySlash On|Off</code></td></tr>
184 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>DirectorySlash On</code></td></tr>
185 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
186 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>Indexes</td></tr>
187 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
188 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_dir</td></tr>
189 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available in version 2.0.51 and later</td></tr>
191 <p>The <code class="directive">DirectorySlash</code> directive determines whether
192 <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dir.html">mod_dir</a></code> should fixup URLs pointing to a directory or
195 <p>Typically if a user requests a resource without a trailing slash, which
196 points to a directory, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dir.html">mod_dir</a></code> redirects him to the same
197 resource, but <em>with</em> trailing slash for some good reasons:</p>
200 <li>The user is finally requesting the canonical URL of the resource</li>
201 <li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_autoindex.html">mod_autoindex</a></code> works correctly. Since it doesn't emit
202 the path in the link, it would point to the wrong path.</li>
203 <li><code class="directive"><a href="#directoryindex">DirectoryIndex</a></code> will be evaluated
204 <em>only</em> for directories requested with trailing slash.</li>
205 <li>Relative URL references inside html pages will work correctly.</li>
208 <p>If you don't want this effect <em>and</em> the reasons above don't
209 apply to you, you can turn off the redirect as shown below. However,
210 be aware that there are possible security implications to doing
213 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
214 # see security warning below!
215 <Location /some/path>
217 SetHandler some-handler
222 <div class="warning"><h3>Security Warning</h3>
223 <p>Turning off the trailing slash redirect may result in an information
224 disclosure. Consider a situation where <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_autoindex.html">mod_autoindex</a></code> is
225 active (<code>Options +Indexes</code>) and <code class="directive"><a href="#directoryindex">DirectoryIndex</a></code> is set to a valid resource (say,
226 <code>index.html</code>) and there's no other special handler defined for
227 that URL. In this case a request with a trailing slash would show the
228 <code>index.html</code> file. <strong>But a request without trailing slash
229 would list the directory contents</strong>.</p>
231 <p>Also note that some browsers may erroneously change POST requests into GET
232 (thus discarding POST data) when a redirect is issued.</p>
235 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
236 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="FallbackResource" id="FallbackResource">FallbackResource</a> <a name="fallbackresource" id="fallbackresource">Directive</a></h2>
237 <table class="directive">
238 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Define a default URL for requests that don't map to a file</td></tr>
239 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>FallbackResource <var>local-url</var></code></td></tr>
240 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>None - httpd will return 404 (Not Found)</code></td></tr>
241 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
242 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>Indexes</td></tr>
243 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
244 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_dir</td></tr>
246 <p>Use this to set a handler for any URL that doesn't map to anything
247 in your filesystem, and would otherwise return HTTP 404 (Not Found).
249 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
250 FallbackResource /not-404.php
253 <p>will cause requests for non-existent files to be handled by
254 <code>not-404.php</code>, while requests for files that exist
256 <p>It is frequently desirable to have a single file or resource
257 handle all requests to a particular directory, except those requests
258 that correspond to an existing file or script. This is often
259 referred to as a 'front controller.'</p>
260 <p>In earlier versions of httpd, this effect typically required
261 <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code>, and the use of the <code>-f</code> and
262 <code>-d</code> tests for file and directory existence. This now
263 requires only one line of configuration.</p>
264 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
265 FallbackResource /index.php
268 <p>Existing files, such as images, css files, and so on, will be
270 <p>In a sub-URI, such as <em>http://example.com/blog/</em> this
271 <em>sub-URI</em> has to be supplied as <var>local-url</var>:</p>
272 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
273 <Directory /web/example.com/htdocs/blog>
274 FallbackResource /blog/index.php
281 <div class="bottomlang">
282 <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_dir.html" title="English"> en </a> |
283 <a href="../fr/mod/mod_dir.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> |
284 <a href="../ja/mod/mod_dir.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
285 <a href="../ko/mod/mod_dir.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
286 <a href="../tr/mod/mod_dir.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a></p>
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