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24 <div id="page-content">
25 <div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_authz_dbd</h1>
27 <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_authz_dbd.html" title="English"> en </a> |
28 <a href="../fr/mod/mod_authz_dbd.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a></p>
30 <table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Group Authorization and Login using SQL</td></tr>
31 <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
32 <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module Identifier:</a></th><td>authz_dbd_module</td></tr>
33 <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">Source File:</a></th><td>mod_authz_dbd.c</td></tr>
34 <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available in Apache 2.4 and later</td></tr></table>
37 <p>This module provides authorization capabilities so that
38 authenticated users can be allowed or denied access to portions
39 of the web site by group membership. Similar functionality is
40 provided by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_groupfile.html">mod_authz_groupfile</a></code> and
41 <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_dbm.html">mod_authz_dbm</a></code>, with the exception that
42 this module queries a SQL database to determine whether a
43 user is a member of a group.</p>
44 <p>This module can also provide database-backed user login/logout
45 capabilities. These are likely to be of most value when used
46 in conjunction with <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_dbd.html">mod_authn_dbd</a></code>.</p>
47 <p>This module relies on <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dbd.html">mod_dbd</a></code> to specify
48 the backend database driver and connection parameters, and
49 manage the database connections.</p>
51 <div id="quickview"><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
53 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authzdbdlogintoreferer">AuthzDBDLoginToReferer</a></li>
54 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authzdbdquery">AuthzDBDQuery</a></li>
55 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authzdbdredirectquery">AuthzDBDRedirectQuery</a></li>
59 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#requiredirectives">The Require Directives</a></li>
60 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#login">Database Login</a></li>
61 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#client">Client Login integration</a></li>
62 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#example">Configuration example</a></li>
63 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#security">Preventing SQL injections</a></li>
64 </ul><h3>See also</h3>
66 <li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_core.html#require">Require</a></code></li>
68 <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_dbd.html#authdbduserpwquery">AuthDBDUserPWQuery</a></code>
70 <li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_dbd.html#dbdriver">DBDriver</a></code></li>
71 <li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_dbd.html#dbdparams">DBDParams</a></code></li>
72 </ul><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
73 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
75 <h2><a name="requiredirectives" id="requiredirectives">The Require Directives</a></h2>
77 <p>Apache's <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_core.html#require">Require</a></code>
78 directives are used during the authorization phase to ensure that
79 a user is allowed to access a resource. mod_authz_dbd extends the
80 authorization types with <code>dbd-group</code>, <code>dbd-login</code> and
81 <code>dbd-logout</code>.</p>
83 <p>Since v2.4.8, <a href="../expr.html">expressions</a> are supported
84 within the DBD require directives.</p>
86 <h3><a name="reqgroup" id="reqgroup">Require dbd-group</a></h3>
88 <p>This directive specifies group membership that is required for the
89 user to gain access.</p>
91 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> Require dbd-group team
92 AuthzDBDQuery "SELECT group FROM authz WHERE user = %s"</pre>
97 <h3><a name="reqlogin" id="reqlogin">Require dbd-login</a></h3>
99 <p>This directive specifies a query to be run indicating the user
102 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> Require dbd-login
103 AuthzDBDQuery "UPDATE authn SET login = 'true' WHERE user = %s"</pre>
108 <h3><a name="reqlogout" id="reqlogout">Require dbd-logout</a></h3>
110 <p>This directive specifies a query to be run indicating the user
113 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> Require dbd-logout
114 AuthzDBDQuery "UPDATE authn SET login = 'false' WHERE user = %s"</pre>
119 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
120 <div class="section">
121 <h2><a name="login" id="login">Database Login</a></h2>
124 In addition to the standard authorization function of checking group
125 membership, this module can also provide server-side user session
126 management via database-backed login/logout capabilities.
127 Specifically, it can update a user's session status in the database
128 whenever the user visits designated URLs (subject of course to users
129 supplying the necessary credentials).</p>
130 <p>This works by defining two special
131 <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_core.html#require">Require</a></code> types:
132 <code>Require dbd-login</code> and <code>Require dbd-logout</code>.
133 For usage details, see the configuration example below.</p>
134 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
135 <div class="section">
136 <h2><a name="client" id="client">Client Login integration</a></h2>
138 <p>Some administrators may wish to implement client-side session
139 management that works in concert with the server-side login/logout
140 capabilities offered by this module, for example, by setting or unsetting
141 an HTTP cookie or other such token when a user logs in or out.</p>
142 <p>To support such integration, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_dbd.html">mod_authz_dbd</a></code> exports an
143 optional hook that will be run whenever a user's status is updated in
144 the database. Other session management modules can then use the hook
145 to implement functions that start and end client-side sessions.</p>
146 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
147 <div class="section">
148 <h2><a name="example" id="example">Configuration example</a></h2>
150 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config"># mod_dbd configuration
152 DBDParams "dbname=apacheauth user=apache pass=xxxxxx"
159 <Directory /usr/www/my.site/team-private/>
160 # mod_authn_core and mod_auth_basic configuration
164 AuthBasicProvider dbd
166 # mod_authn_dbd SQL query to authenticate a logged-in user
168 "SELECT password FROM authn WHERE user = %s AND login = 'true'"
170 # mod_authz_core configuration for mod_authz_dbd
171 Require dbd-group team
173 # mod_authz_dbd configuration
174 AuthzDBDQuery "SELECT group FROM authz WHERE user = %s"
176 # when a user fails to be authenticated or authorized,
177 # invite them to login; this page should provide a link
178 # to /team-private/login.html
179 ErrorDocument 401 /login-info.html
181 <Files login.html>
182 # don't require user to already be logged in!
183 AuthDBDUserPWQuery "SELECT password FROM authn WHERE user = %s"
185 # dbd-login action executes a statement to log user in
187 AuthzDBDQuery "UPDATE authn SET login = 'true' WHERE user = %s"
189 # return user to referring page (if any) after
191 AuthzDBDLoginToReferer On
194 <Files logout.html>
195 # dbd-logout action executes a statement to log user out
197 AuthzDBDQuery "UPDATE authn SET login = 'false' WHERE user = %s"
199 </Directory></pre>
201 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
202 <div class="section">
203 <h2><a name="security" id="security">Preventing SQL injections</a></h2>
205 <p>Whether you need to care about SQL security depends on what DBD driver
206 and backend you use. With most drivers you don't have to do anything :
207 the statement is prepared by the database at startup, and user input is
208 used only as data. But you may need to untaint your input. At the time
209 of writing, the only driver that requires you to take care is FreeTDS.</p>
210 <p>Please read <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dbd.html">mod_dbd</a></code> documentation for more information
211 about security on this scope.</p>
213 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
214 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthzDBDLoginToReferer" id="AuthzDBDLoginToReferer">AuthzDBDLoginToReferer</a> <a name="authzdbdlogintoreferer" id="authzdbdlogintoreferer">Directive</a></h2>
215 <table class="directive">
216 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Determines whether to redirect the Client to the Referring
217 page on successful login or logout if a <code>Referer</code> request
218 header is present</td></tr>
219 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthzDBDLoginToReferer On|Off</code></td></tr>
220 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>AuthzDBDLoginToReferer Off</code></td></tr>
221 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory</td></tr>
222 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
223 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_authz_dbd</td></tr>
225 <p>In conjunction with <code>Require dbd-login</code> or
226 <code>Require dbd-logout</code>, this provides the option to
227 redirect the client back to the Referring page (the URL in
228 the <code>Referer</code> HTTP request header, if present).
229 When there is no <code>Referer</code> header,
230 <code>AuthzDBDLoginToReferer On</code> will be ignored.</p>
233 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
234 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthzDBDQuery" id="AuthzDBDQuery">AuthzDBDQuery</a> <a name="authzdbdquery" id="authzdbdquery">Directive</a></h2>
235 <table class="directive">
236 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Specify the SQL Query for the required operation</td></tr>
237 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthzDBDQuery <var>query</var></code></td></tr>
238 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory</td></tr>
239 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
240 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_authz_dbd</td></tr>
242 <p>The <code class="directive">AuthzDBDQuery</code> specifies an SQL
243 query to run. The purpose of the query depends on the
244 <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_core.html#require">Require</a></code> directive in
247 <li>When used with a <code>Require dbd-group</code> directive,
248 it specifies a query to look up groups for the current user. This is
249 the standard functionality of other authorization modules such as
250 <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_groupfile.html">mod_authz_groupfile</a></code> and <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_dbm.html">mod_authz_dbm</a></code>.
251 The first column value of each row returned by the query statement
252 should be a string containing a group name. Zero, one, or more rows
254 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Require dbd-group
255 AuthzDBDQuery "SELECT group FROM groups WHERE user = %s"</pre>
258 <li>When used with a <code>Require dbd-login</code> or
259 <code>Require dbd-logout</code> directive, it will never deny access,
260 but will instead execute a SQL statement designed to log the user
261 in or out. The user must already be authenticated with
262 <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_dbd.html">mod_authn_dbd</a></code>.
263 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Require dbd-login
264 AuthzDBDQuery "UPDATE authn SET login = 'true' WHERE user = %s"</pre>
268 <p>In all cases, the user's ID will be passed as a single string
269 parameter when the SQL query is executed. It may be referenced within
270 the query statement using a <code>%s</code> format specifier.</p>
273 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
274 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthzDBDRedirectQuery" id="AuthzDBDRedirectQuery">AuthzDBDRedirectQuery</a> <a name="authzdbdredirectquery" id="authzdbdredirectquery">Directive</a></h2>
275 <table class="directive">
276 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Specify a query to look up a login page for the user</td></tr>
277 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthzDBDRedirectQuery <var>query</var></code></td></tr>
278 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory</td></tr>
279 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
280 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_authz_dbd</td></tr>
282 <p>Specifies an optional SQL query to use after successful login
283 (or logout) to redirect the user to a URL, which may be
284 specific to the user. The user's ID will be passed as a single string
285 parameter when the SQL query is executed. It may be referenced within
286 the query statement using a <code>%s</code> format specifier.</p>
287 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">AuthzDBDRedirectQuery "SELECT userpage FROM userpages WHERE user = %s"</pre>
289 <p>The first column value of the first row returned by the query
290 statement should be a string containing a URL to which to redirect
291 the client. Subsequent rows will be ignored. If no rows are returned,
292 the client will not be redirected.</p>
293 <p>Note that <code class="directive">AuthzDBDLoginToReferer</code> takes
294 precedence if both are set.</p>
298 <div class="bottomlang">
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