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26 <div id="page-content">
27 <div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_authz_dbd</h1>
29 <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_authz_dbd.html" title="English"> en </a> |
30 <a href="../fr/mod/mod_authz_dbd.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a></p>
32 <table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Group Authorization and Login using SQL</td></tr>
33 <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
34 <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module Identifier:</a></th><td>authz_dbd_module</td></tr>
35 <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">Source File:</a></th><td>mod_authz_dbd.c</td></tr>
36 <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available in Apache 2.4 and later</td></tr></table>
39 <p>This module provides authorization capabilities so that
40 authenticated users can be allowed or denied access to portions
41 of the web site by group membership. Similar functionality is
42 provided by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_groupfile.html">mod_authz_groupfile</a></code> and
43 <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_dbm.html">mod_authz_dbm</a></code>, with the exception that
44 this module queries a SQL database to determine whether a
45 user is a member of a group.</p>
46 <p>This module can also provide database-backed user login/logout
47 capabilities. These are likely to be of most value when used
48 in conjunction with <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_dbd.html">mod_authn_dbd</a></code>.</p>
49 <p>This module relies on <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dbd.html">mod_dbd</a></code> to specify
50 the backend database driver and connection parameters, and
51 manage the database connections.</p>
53 <div id="quickview"><h3>Topics</h3>
55 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#requiredirectives">The Require Directives</a></li>
56 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#login">Database Login</a></li>
57 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#client">Client Login integration</a></li>
58 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#example">Configuration example</a></li>
59 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#security">Preventing SQL injections</a></li>
60 </ul><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
62 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authzdbdlogintoreferer">AuthzDBDLoginToReferer</a></li>
63 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authzdbdquery">AuthzDBDQuery</a></li>
64 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authzdbdredirectquery">AuthzDBDRedirectQuery</a></li>
66 <h3>Bugfix checklist</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="https://www.apache.org/dist/httpd/CHANGES_2.4">httpd changelog</a></li><li><a href="https://bz.apache.org/bugzilla/buglist.cgi?bug_status=__open__&list_id=144532&product=Apache%20httpd-2&query_format=specific&order=changeddate%20DESC%2Cpriority%2Cbug_severity&component=mod_authz_dbd">Known issues</a></li><li><a href="https://bz.apache.org/bugzilla/enter_bug.cgi?product=Apache%20httpd-2&component=mod_authz_dbd">Report a bug</a></li></ul><h3>See also</h3>
68 <li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_core.html#require">Require</a></code></li>
70 <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_dbd.html#authdbduserpwquery">AuthDBDUserPWQuery</a></code>
72 <li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_dbd.html#dbdriver">DBDriver</a></code></li>
73 <li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_dbd.html#dbdparams">DBDParams</a></code></li>
74 <li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
75 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
77 <h2><a name="requiredirectives" id="requiredirectives">The Require Directives</a></h2>
79 <p>Apache's <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_core.html#require">Require</a></code>
80 directives are used during the authorization phase to ensure that
81 a user is allowed to access a resource. mod_authz_dbd extends the
82 authorization types with <code>dbd-group</code>, <code>dbd-login</code> and
83 <code>dbd-logout</code>.</p>
85 <p>Since v2.4.8, <a href="../expr.html">expressions</a> are supported
86 within the DBD require directives.</p>
88 <h3><a name="reqgroup" id="reqgroup">Require dbd-group</a></h3>
90 <p>This directive specifies group membership that is required for the
91 user to gain access.</p>
93 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> Require dbd-group team
94 AuthzDBDQuery "SELECT group FROM authz WHERE user = %s"</pre>
99 <h3><a name="reqlogin" id="reqlogin">Require dbd-login</a></h3>
101 <p>This directive specifies a query to be run indicating the user
104 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> Require dbd-login
105 AuthzDBDQuery "UPDATE authn SET login = 'true' WHERE user = %s"</pre>
110 <h3><a name="reqlogout" id="reqlogout">Require dbd-logout</a></h3>
112 <p>This directive specifies a query to be run indicating the user
115 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> Require dbd-logout
116 AuthzDBDQuery "UPDATE authn SET login = 'false' WHERE user = %s"</pre>
121 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
122 <div class="section">
123 <h2><a name="login" id="login">Database Login</a></h2>
126 In addition to the standard authorization function of checking group
127 membership, this module can also provide server-side user session
128 management via database-backed login/logout capabilities.
129 Specifically, it can update a user's session status in the database
130 whenever the user visits designated URLs (subject of course to users
131 supplying the necessary credentials).</p>
132 <p>This works by defining two special
133 <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_core.html#require">Require</a></code> types:
134 <code>Require dbd-login</code> and <code>Require dbd-logout</code>.
135 For usage details, see the configuration example below.</p>
136 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
137 <div class="section">
138 <h2><a name="client" id="client">Client Login integration</a></h2>
140 <p>Some administrators may wish to implement client-side session
141 management that works in concert with the server-side login/logout
142 capabilities offered by this module, for example, by setting or unsetting
143 an HTTP cookie or other such token when a user logs in or out.</p>
144 <p>To support such integration, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_dbd.html">mod_authz_dbd</a></code> exports an
145 optional hook that will be run whenever a user's status is updated in
146 the database. Other session management modules can then use the hook
147 to implement functions that start and end client-side sessions.</p>
148 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
149 <div class="section">
150 <h2><a name="example" id="example">Configuration example</a></h2>
152 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config"># mod_dbd configuration
154 DBDParams "dbname=apacheauth user=apache pass=xxxxxx"
161 <Directory "/usr/www/my.site/team-private/">
162 # mod_authn_core and mod_auth_basic configuration
166 AuthBasicProvider dbd
168 # mod_authn_dbd SQL query to authenticate a logged-in user
170 "SELECT password FROM authn WHERE user = %s AND login = 'true'"
172 # mod_authz_core configuration for mod_authz_dbd
173 Require dbd-group team
175 # mod_authz_dbd configuration
176 AuthzDBDQuery "SELECT group FROM authz WHERE user = %s"
178 # when a user fails to be authenticated or authorized,
179 # invite them to login; this page should provide a link
180 # to /team-private/login.html
181 ErrorDocument 401 /login-info.html
183 <Files "login.html">
184 # don't require user to already be logged in!
185 AuthDBDUserPWQuery "SELECT password FROM authn WHERE user = %s"
187 # dbd-login action executes a statement to log user in
189 AuthzDBDQuery "UPDATE authn SET login = 'true' WHERE user = %s"
191 # return user to referring page (if any) after
193 AuthzDBDLoginToReferer On
196 <Files "logout.html">
197 # dbd-logout action executes a statement to log user out
199 AuthzDBDQuery "UPDATE authn SET login = 'false' WHERE user = %s"
201 </Directory></pre>
203 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
204 <div class="section">
205 <h2><a name="security" id="security">Preventing SQL injections</a></h2>
207 <p>Whether you need to care about SQL security depends on what DBD driver
208 and backend you use. With most drivers you don't have to do anything :
209 the statement is prepared by the database at startup, and user input is
210 used only as data. But you may need to untaint your input. At the time
211 of writing, the only driver that requires you to take care is FreeTDS.</p>
212 <p>Please read <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dbd.html">mod_dbd</a></code> documentation for more information
213 about security on this scope.</p>
215 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
216 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthzDBDLoginToReferer" id="AuthzDBDLoginToReferer">AuthzDBDLoginToReferer</a> <a name="authzdbdlogintoreferer" id="authzdbdlogintoreferer">Directive</a></h2>
217 <table class="directive">
218 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Determines whether to redirect the Client to the Referring
219 page on successful login or logout if a <code>Referer</code> request
220 header is present</td></tr>
221 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthzDBDLoginToReferer On|Off</code></td></tr>
222 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>AuthzDBDLoginToReferer Off</code></td></tr>
223 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory</td></tr>
224 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
225 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_authz_dbd</td></tr>
227 <p>In conjunction with <code>Require dbd-login</code> or
228 <code>Require dbd-logout</code>, this provides the option to
229 redirect the client back to the Referring page (the URL in
230 the <code>Referer</code> HTTP request header, if present).
231 When there is no <code>Referer</code> header,
232 <code>AuthzDBDLoginToReferer On</code> will be ignored.</p>
235 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
236 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthzDBDQuery" id="AuthzDBDQuery">AuthzDBDQuery</a> <a name="authzdbdquery" id="authzdbdquery">Directive</a></h2>
237 <table class="directive">
238 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Specify the SQL Query for the required operation</td></tr>
239 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthzDBDQuery <var>query</var></code></td></tr>
240 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory</td></tr>
241 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
242 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_authz_dbd</td></tr>
244 <p>The <code class="directive">AuthzDBDQuery</code> specifies an SQL
245 query to run. The purpose of the query depends on the
246 <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_core.html#require">Require</a></code> directive in
249 <li>When used with a <code>Require dbd-group</code> directive,
250 it specifies a query to look up groups for the current user. This is
251 the standard functionality of other authorization modules such as
252 <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_groupfile.html">mod_authz_groupfile</a></code> and <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_dbm.html">mod_authz_dbm</a></code>.
253 The first column value of each row returned by the query statement
254 should be a string containing a group name. Zero, one, or more rows
256 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Require dbd-group
257 AuthzDBDQuery "SELECT group FROM groups WHERE user = %s"</pre>
260 <li>When used with a <code>Require dbd-login</code> or
261 <code>Require dbd-logout</code> directive, it will never deny access,
262 but will instead execute a SQL statement designed to log the user
263 in or out. The user must already be authenticated with
264 <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_dbd.html">mod_authn_dbd</a></code>.
265 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Require dbd-login
266 AuthzDBDQuery "UPDATE authn SET login = 'true' WHERE user = %s"</pre>
270 <p>In all cases, the user's ID will be passed as a single string
271 parameter when the SQL query is executed. It may be referenced within
272 the query statement using a <code>%s</code> format specifier.</p>
275 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
276 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthzDBDRedirectQuery" id="AuthzDBDRedirectQuery">AuthzDBDRedirectQuery</a> <a name="authzdbdredirectquery" id="authzdbdredirectquery">Directive</a></h2>
277 <table class="directive">
278 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Specify a query to look up a login page for the user</td></tr>
279 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthzDBDRedirectQuery <var>query</var></code></td></tr>
280 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory</td></tr>
281 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
282 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_authz_dbd</td></tr>
284 <p>Specifies an optional SQL query to use after successful login
285 (or logout) to redirect the user to a URL, which may be
286 specific to the user. The user's ID will be passed as a single string
287 parameter when the SQL query is executed. It may be referenced within
288 the query statement using a <code>%s</code> format specifier.</p>
289 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">AuthzDBDRedirectQuery "SELECT userpage FROM userpages WHERE user = %s"</pre>
291 <p>The first column value of the first row returned by the query
292 statement should be a string containing a URL to which to redirect
293 the client. Subsequent rows will be ignored. If no rows are returned,
294 the client will not be redirected.</p>
295 <p>Note that <code class="directive">AuthzDBDLoginToReferer</code> takes
296 precedence if both are set.</p>
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