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25 <div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_auth_basic</h1>
27 <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_auth_basic.html" title="English"> en </a> |
28 <a href="../fr/mod/mod_auth_basic.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> |
29 <a href="../ja/mod/mod_auth_basic.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
30 <a href="../ko/mod/mod_auth_basic.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
32 <table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Basic HTTP authentication</td></tr>
33 <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
34 <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module Identifier:</a></th><td>auth_basic_module</td></tr>
35 <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">Source File:</a></th><td>mod_auth_basic.c</td></tr></table>
38 <p>This module allows the use of HTTP Basic Authentication to
39 restrict access by looking up users in the given providers.
40 HTTP Digest Authentication is provided by
41 <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_digest.html">mod_auth_digest</a></code>. This module should
42 usually be combined with at least one authentication module
43 such as <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_file.html">mod_authn_file</a></code> and one authorization
44 module such as <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_user.html">mod_authz_user</a></code>.</p>
46 <div id="quickview"><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
48 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authbasicauthoritative">AuthBasicAuthoritative</a></li>
49 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authbasicfake">AuthBasicFake</a></li>
50 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authbasicprovider">AuthBasicProvider</a></li>
51 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authbasicusedigestalgorithm">AuthBasicUseDigestAlgorithm</a></li>
55 <li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_core.html#authname">AuthName</a></code></li>
56 <li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_core.html#authtype">AuthType</a></code></li>
57 <li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_core.html#require">Require</a></code></li>
58 <li><a href="../howto/auth.html">Authentication howto</a></li>
59 </ul><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
61 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
62 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthBasicAuthoritative" id="AuthBasicAuthoritative">AuthBasicAuthoritative</a> <a name="authbasicauthoritative" id="authbasicauthoritative">Directive</a></h2>
63 <table class="directive">
64 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Sets whether authorization and authentication are passed to
65 lower level modules</td></tr>
66 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthBasicAuthoritative On|Off</code></td></tr>
67 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>AuthBasicAuthoritative On</code></td></tr>
68 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
69 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>AuthConfig</td></tr>
70 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
71 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_auth_basic</td></tr>
73 <p>Normally, each authorization module listed in <code class="directive"><a href="#authbasicprovider">AuthBasicProvider</a></code> will attempt
74 to verify the user, and if the user is not found in any provider,
75 access will be denied. Setting the
76 <code class="directive">AuthBasicAuthoritative</code> directive explicitly
77 to <code>Off</code> allows for both authentication and
78 authorization to be passed on to other non-provider-based modules
79 if there is <strong>no userID</strong> or <strong>rule</strong>
80 matching the supplied userID. This should only be necessary when
81 combining <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_basic.html">mod_auth_basic</a></code> with third-party modules
82 that are not configured with the <code class="directive"><a href="#authbasicprovider">AuthBasicProvider</a></code>
83 directive. When using such modules, the order of processing
84 is determined in the modules' source code and is not configurable.</p>
87 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
88 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthBasicFake" id="AuthBasicFake">AuthBasicFake</a> <a name="authbasicfake" id="authbasicfake">Directive</a></h2>
89 <table class="directive">
90 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Fake basic authentication using the given expressions for
91 username and password</td></tr>
92 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthBasicFake off|username [password]</code></td></tr>
93 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>none</code></td></tr>
94 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
95 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>AuthConfig</td></tr>
96 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
97 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_auth_basic</td></tr>
99 <p>The username and password specified are combined into an
100 Authorization header, which is passed to the server or service
101 behind the webserver. Both the username and password fields are
102 interpreted using the <a href="../expr.html">expression parser</a>,
103 which allows both the username and password to be set based on
104 request parameters.</p>
106 <p>If the password is not specified, the default value "password"
107 will be used. To disable fake basic authentication for an URL
108 space, specify "AuthBasicFake off".</p>
110 <p>In this example, we pass a fixed username and password to a
113 <div class="example"><h3>Fixed Example</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config"><Location /demo>
114 AuthBasicFake demo demopass
115 </Location></pre>
118 <p>In this example, we pass the email address extracted from a client
119 certificate, extending the functionality of the FakeBasicAuth option
120 within the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_ssl.html#ssloptions">SSLOptions</a></code>
121 directive. Like the FakeBasicAuth option, the password is set to the
122 fixed string "password".</p>
124 <div class="example"><h3>Certificate Example</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config"><Location /secure>
125 AuthBasicFake %{SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_Email}
126 </Location></pre>
129 <p>Extending the above example, we generate a password by hashing the
130 email address with a fixed passphrase, and passing the hash to the
131 backend server. This can be used to gate into legacy systems that do
132 not support client certificates.</p>
134 <div class="example"><h3>Password Example</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config"><Location /secure>
135 AuthBasicFake %{SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_Email} %{sha1:passphrase-%{SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_Email}}
136 </Location></pre>
139 <div class="example"><h3>Exclusion Example</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config"><Location /public>
141 </Location></pre>
146 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
147 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthBasicProvider" id="AuthBasicProvider">AuthBasicProvider</a> <a name="authbasicprovider" id="authbasicprovider">Directive</a></h2>
148 <table class="directive">
149 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Sets the authentication provider(s) for this location</td></tr>
150 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthBasicProvider <var>provider-name</var>
151 [<var>provider-name</var>] ...</code></td></tr>
152 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>AuthBasicProvider file</code></td></tr>
153 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
154 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>AuthConfig</td></tr>
155 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
156 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_auth_basic</td></tr>
158 <p>The <code class="directive">AuthBasicProvider</code> directive sets
159 which provider is used to authenticate the users for this location.
160 The default <code>file</code> provider is implemented
161 by the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_file.html">mod_authn_file</a></code> module. Make sure
162 that the chosen provider module is present in the server.</p>
163 <div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config"><Location /secure>
165 AuthName "private area"
166 AuthBasicProvider dbm
168 AuthDBMUserFile /www/etc/dbmpasswd
170 </Location></pre>
172 <p> Providers are queried in order until a provider finds a match
173 for the requested username, at which point this sole provider will
174 attempt to check the password. A failure to verify the password does
175 not result in control being passed on to subsequent providers.</p>
177 <p>Providers are implemented by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_dbm.html">mod_authn_dbm</a></code>,
178 <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_file.html">mod_authn_file</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_dbd.html">mod_authn_dbd</a></code>,
179 <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authnz_ldap.html">mod_authnz_ldap</a></code> and <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_socache.html">mod_authn_socache</a></code>.</p>
182 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
183 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthBasicUseDigestAlgorithm" id="AuthBasicUseDigestAlgorithm">AuthBasicUseDigestAlgorithm</a> <a name="authbasicusedigestalgorithm" id="authbasicusedigestalgorithm">Directive</a></h2>
184 <table class="directive">
185 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Check passwords against the authentication providers as if
186 Digest Authentication was in force instead of Basic Authentication.
188 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthBasicUseDigestAlgorithm MD5|Off</code></td></tr>
189 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>AuthBasicUseDigestAlgorithm Off</code></td></tr>
190 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
191 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>AuthConfig</td></tr>
192 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
193 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_auth_basic</td></tr>
195 <p>Normally, when using Basic Authentication, the providers listed in
196 <code class="directive"><a href="#authbasicprovider">AuthBasicProvider</a></code>
197 attempt to verify a user by checking their data stores for
198 a matching username and associated password. The stored passwords
199 are usually encrypted, but not necessarily so; each provider may
200 choose its own storage scheme for passwords.</p>
202 <p>When using <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_digest.html#authdigestprovider">AuthDigestProvider</a></code> and Digest
203 Authentication, providers perform a similar check to find a matching
204 username in their data stores. However, unlike in the Basic
205 Authentication case, the value associated with each stored username
206 must be an encrypted string composed from the username, realm name,
208 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2617#section-3.2.2.2">
209 RFC 2617, Section 3.2.2.2</a> for more details on the format used
210 for this encrypted string.)</p>
212 <p>As a consequence of the difference in the stored values between
213 Basic and Digest Authentication, converting from Digest
214 Authentication to Basic Authentication generally requires that all
215 users be assigned new passwords, as their existing passwords cannot
216 be recovered from the password storage scheme imposed on those
217 providers which support Digest Authentication.</p>
219 <p>Setting the <code class="directive"><a href="#authbasicusedigestalgorithm">AuthBasicUseDigestAlgorithm</a></code> directive
220 to <code>MD5</code> will cause the user's Basic Authentication password
221 to be checked using the same encrypted format as for Digest
222 Authentication. First a string composed from the username, realm name,
223 and password is hashed with MD5; then the username and this encrypted
224 string are passed to the providers listed in
225 <code class="directive"><a href="#authbasicprovider">AuthBasicProvider</a></code>
227 <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_core.html#authtype">AuthType</a></code>
228 was set to <code>Digest</code> and Digest Authentication was in force.
231 <p>Through the use of <code class="directive"><a href="#authbasicusedigestalgorithm">AuthBasicUseDigestAlgorithm</a></code>
232 a site may switch from Digest to Basic Authentication without
233 requiring users to be assigned new passwords.</p>
236 The inverse process of switching from Basic to Digest
237 Authentication without assigning new passwords is generally
238 not possible. Only if the Basic Authentication passwords
239 have been stored in plain text or with a reversable encryption
240 scheme will it be possible to recover them and generate a
241 new data store following the Digest Authentication password
246 Only providers which support Digest Authentication will be able
247 to authenticate users when <code class="directive"><a href="#authbasicusedigestalgorithm">AuthBasicUseDigestAlgorithm</a></code>
248 is set to <code>MD5</code>. Use of other providers will result
249 in an error response and the client will be denied access.
254 <div class="bottomlang">
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