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8 <title>Per-user web directories - Apache HTTP Server</title>
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17 <p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
18 <p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.5</p>
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20 <div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
22 <a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="../">Version 2.5</a> > <a href="./">How-To / Tutorials</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Per-user web directories</h1>
24 <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/howto/public_html.html" title="English"> en </a> |
25 <a href="../fr/howto/public_html.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> |
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31 <p>On systems with multiple users, each user can be permitted to have a
32 web site in their home directory using the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code> directive. Visitors
33 to a URL <code>http://example.com/~username/</code> will get content
34 out of the home directory of the user "<code>username</code>", out of
35 the subdirectory specified by the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code> directive.</p>
36 <p>Note that, by default, access to these directories is <strong>not</strong>
37 enabled. You can enable access when using <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code> by uncommenting the line</p>
38 <div class="example"><p><code>
39 #Include conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf
41 <p>in the default config file, and adapting the <code>httpd-userdir.conf</code>
42 file as necessary, or by including the appropriate directives in a
43 <code>Directory</code> block within the main config file.</p>
45 <div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#related">Per-user web directories</a></li>
46 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#userdir">Setting the file path with UserDir</a></li>
47 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#redirect">Redirecting to external URLs</a></li>
48 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#enable">Restricting what users are permitted to use this
50 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#cgi">Enabling a cgi directory for each user</a></li>
51 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#htaccess">Allowing users to alter configuration</a></li>
52 </ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="../urlmapping.html">Mapping URLs to the Filesystem</a></li></ul><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
53 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
55 <h2><a name="related" id="related">Per-user web directories</a></h2>
57 <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html">mod_userdir</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directorymatch">DirectoryMatch</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#allowoverride">AllowOverride</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
58 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
60 <h2><a name="userdir" id="userdir">Setting the file path with UserDir</a></h2>
63 <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code>
64 directive specifies a directory out of which per-user
65 content is loaded. This directive may take several different forms.</p>
67 <p>If a path is given which does not start with a leading slash, it is
68 assumed to be a directory path relative to the home directory of the
69 specified user. Given this configuration:</p>
71 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">UserDir public_html</pre>
74 <p>the URL <code>http://example.com/~rbowen/file.html</code> will be
75 translated to the file path
76 <code>/home/rbowen/public_html/file.html</code></p>
78 <p>If a path is given starting with a slash, a directory path will be
79 constructed using that path, plus the username specified. Given this
82 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">UserDir /var/html</pre>
85 <p>the URL <code>http://example.com/~rbowen/file.html</code> will be
86 translated to the file path <code>/var/html/rbowen/file.html</code></p>
88 <p>If a path is provided which contains an asterisk (*), a path is used
89 in which the asterisk is replaced with the username. Given this
92 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">UserDir /var/www/*/docs</pre>
95 <p>the URL <code>http://example.com/~rbowen/file.html</code> will be
96 translated to the file path
97 <code>/var/www/rbowen/docs/file.html</code></p>
99 <p>Multiple directories or directory paths can also be set.</p>
101 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">UserDir public_html /var/html</pre>
104 <p>For the URL <code>http://example.com/~rbowen/file.html</code>,
105 Apache will search for <code>~rbowen</code>. If it isn't found,
106 Apache will search for <code>rbowen</code> in <code>/var/html</code>. If
107 found, the above URL will then be translated to the file path
108 <code>/var/html/rbowen/file.html</code></p>
110 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
111 <div class="section">
112 <h2><a name="redirect" id="redirect">Redirecting to external URLs</a></h2>
114 <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code> directive can be
115 used to redirect user directory requests to external URLs.</p>
117 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">UserDir http://example.org/users/*/</pre>
120 <p>The above example will redirect a request for
121 <code>http://example.com/~bob/abc.html</code> to
122 <code>http://example.org/users/bob/abc.html</code>.</p>
123 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
124 <div class="section">
125 <h2><a name="enable" id="enable">Restricting what users are permitted to use this
129 <p>Using the syntax shown in the UserDir documentation, you can restrict
130 what users are permitted to use this functionality:</p>
132 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">UserDir disabled root jro fish</pre>
135 <p>The configuration above will enable the feature for all users
136 except for those listed in the <code>disabled</code> statement.
137 You can, likewise, disable the feature for all but a few users by
138 using a configuration like the following:</p>
140 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
141 UserDir disabled<br />
142 UserDir enabled rbowen krietz
146 <p>See <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code>
147 documentation for additional examples.</p>
149 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
150 <div class="section">
151 <h2><a name="cgi" id="cgi">Enabling a cgi directory for each user</a></h2>
154 <p>In order to give each user their own cgi-bin directory, you can use
155 a <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code>
156 directive to make a particular subdirectory of a user's home directory
159 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
160 <Directory /home/*/public_html/cgi-bin/>
162 SetHandler cgi-script
167 <p>Then, presuming that <code>UserDir</code> is set to
168 <code>public_html</code>, a cgi program <code>example.cgi</code>
169 could be loaded from that directory as:</p>
171 <div class="example"><p><code>
172 http://example.com/~rbowen/cgi-bin/example.cgi
175 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
176 <div class="section">
177 <h2><a name="htaccess" id="htaccess">Allowing users to alter configuration</a></h2>
180 <p>If you want to allows users to modify the server configuration in
181 their web space, they will need to use <code>.htaccess</code> files to
182 make these changed. Ensure that you have set <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#allowoverride">AllowOverride</a></code> to a
183 value sufficient for the directives that you want to permit the users
184 to modify. See the <a href="htaccess.html">.htaccess tutorial</a> for
185 additional details on how this works.</p>
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192 <a href="../ko/howto/public_html.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
193 <a href="../tr/howto/public_html.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a></p>
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