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   8 <title>Per-user web directories - Apache HTTP Server</title>
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  13 <body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
  14 <p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
  15 <p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
  16 <img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
  17 <div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="&lt;-" alt="&lt;-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
  18 <div id="path">
  19 <a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> &gt; <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> &gt; <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> &gt; <a href="../">Version 2.3</a> &gt; <a href="./">How-To / Tutorials</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Per-user web directories</h1>
  20 <div class="toplang">
  21 <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/howto/public_html.html" title="English">&nbsp;en&nbsp;</a> |
  22 <a href="../ja/howto/public_html.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese">&nbsp;ja&nbsp;</a> |
  23 <a href="../ko/howto/public_html.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean">&nbsp;ko&nbsp;</a></p>
  24 </div>
  25
  26 <p>On systems with multiple users, each user can be permitted to have a
  27     web site in their home directory using the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code> directive. Visitors
  28     to a URL <code>http://example.com/~username/</code> will get content
  29     out of the home directory of the user "<code>username</code>", out of
  30     the subdirectory specified by the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code> directive.</p>
  31 <p>Note that, by default, access to these directories is <strong>not</strong>
  32     enabled. You can enable access when using <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code> by uncommenting the line</p>
  33     <div class="example"><p><code>
  34             #Include conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf
  35     </code></p></div>
  36     <p>in the default config file, and adapting the <code>httpd-userdir.conf</code>
  37     file as necessary, or by including the appropriate directives in a
  38     <code>Directory</code> block within the main config file.</p>
  39 </div>
  40 <div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#related">Per-user web directories</a></li>
  41 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#userdir">Setting the file path with UserDir</a></li>
  42 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#redirect">Redirecting to external URLs</a></li>
  43 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#enable">Restricting what users are permitted to use this
  44     feature</a></li>
  45 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#cgi">Enabling a cgi directory for each user</a></li>
  46 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#htaccess">Allowing users to alter configuration</a></li>
  47 </ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="../urlmapping.html">Mapping URLs to the Filesystem</a></li></ul></div>
  48 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
  49 <div class="section">
  50 <h2><a name="related" id="related">Per-user web directories</a></h2>
  51
  52     <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html">mod_userdir</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directorymatch">DirectoryMatch</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#allowoverride">AllowOverride</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
  53     </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
  54 <div class="section">
  55 <h2><a name="userdir" id="userdir">Setting the file path with UserDir</a></h2>
  56
  57
  58     <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code>
  59     directive specifies a directory out of which per-user
  60     content is loaded. This directive may take several different forms.</p>
  61
  62     <p>If a path is given which does not start with a leading slash, it is
  63     assumed to be a directory path relative to the home directory of the
  64     specified user. Given this configuration:</p>
  65
  66     <div class="example"><p><code>
  67       UserDir public_html
  68     </code></p></div>
  69
  70     <p>the URL <code>http://example.com/~rbowen/file.html</code> will be
  71     translated to the file path
  72     <code>/home/rbowen/public_html/file.html</code></p>
  73
  74     <p>If a path is given starting with a slash, a directory path will be
  75     constructed using that path, plus the username specified. Given this
  76     configuration:</p>
  77
  78     <div class="example"><p><code>
  79       UserDir /var/html
  80     </code></p></div>
  81
  82     <p>the URL <code>http://example.com/~rbowen/file.html</code> will be
  83     translated to the file path <code>/var/html/rbowen/file.html</code></p>
  84
  85     <p>If a path is provided which contains an asterisk (*), a path is used
  86     in which the asterisk is replaced with the username. Given this
  87     configuration:</p>
  88
  89     <div class="example"><p><code>
  90       UserDir /var/www/*/docs
  91     </code></p></div>
  92
  93     <p>the URL <code>http://example.com/~rbowen/file.html</code> will be
  94     translated to the file path
  95     <code>/var/www/rbowen/docs/file.html</code></p>
  96
  97     <p>Multiple directories or directory paths can also be set.</p>
  98
  99     <div class="example"><p><code>
 100       UserDir public_html /var/html
 101     </code></p></div>
 102
 103     <p>For the URL <code>http://example.com/~rbowen/file.html</code>,
 104     Apache will search for <code>~rbowen</code>. If it isn't found,
 105     Apache will search for <code>rbowen</code> in <code>/var/html</code>. If
 106     found, the above URL will then be translated to the file path
 107     <code>/var/html/rbowen/file.html</code></p>
 108
 109   </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
 110 <div class="section">
 111 <h2><a name="redirect" id="redirect">Redirecting to external URLs</a></h2>
 112
 113     <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code> directive can be
 114       used to redirect user directory requests to external URLs.</p>
 115
 116     <div class="example"><p><code>
 117       UserDir http://example.org/users/*/
 118     </code></p></div>
 119
 120     <p>The above example will redirect a request for
 121     <code>http://example.com/~bob/abc.html</code> to
 122     <code>http://example.org/users/bob/abc.html</code>.</p>
 123   </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
 124 <div class="section">
 125 <h2><a name="enable" id="enable">Restricting what users are permitted to use this
 126     feature</a></h2>
 127
 128
 129     <p>Using the syntax shown in the UserDir documentation, you can restrict
 130     what users are permitted to use this functionality:</p>
 131
 132     <div class="example"><p><code>
 133       UserDir enabled<br />
 134       UserDir disabled root jro fish
 135     </code></p></div>
 136
 137     <p>The configuration above will enable the feature for all users
 138     except for those listed in the <code>disabled</code> statement.
 139     You can, likewise, disable the feature for all but a few users by
 140     using a configuration like the following:</p>
 141
 142     <div class="example"><p><code>
 143       UserDir disabled<br />
 144       UserDir enabled rbowen krietz
 145     </code></p></div>
 146
 147     <p>See <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code>
 148     documentation for additional examples.</p>
 149
 150   </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
 151 <div class="section">
 152 <h2><a name="cgi" id="cgi">Enabling a cgi directory for each user</a></h2>
 153
 154
 155    <p>In order to give each user their own cgi-bin directory, you can use
 156     a <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory">&lt;Directory&gt;</a></code>
 157     directive to make a particular subdirectory of a user's home directory
 158     cgi-enabled.</p>
 159
 160     <div class="example"><p><code>
 161       &lt;Directory /home/*/public_html/cgi-bin/&gt;<br />
 162        Options ExecCGI<br />
 163        SetHandler cgi-script<br />
 164        &lt;/Directory&gt;
 165     </code></p></div>
 166
 167     <p>Then, presuming that <code>UserDir</code> is set to
 168     <code>public_html</code>, a cgi program <code>example.cgi</code>
 169     could be loaded from that directory as:</p>
 170
 171     <div class="example"><p><code>
 172     http://example.com/~rbowen/cgi-bin/example.cgi
 173     </code></p></div>
 174
 175     </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
 176 <div class="section">
 177 <h2><a name="htaccess" id="htaccess">Allowing users to alter configuration</a></h2>
 178
 179
 180     <p>If you want to allows users to modify the server configuration in
 181     their web space, they will need to use <code>.htaccess</code> files to
 182     make these changed. Ensure that you have set <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#allowoverride">AllowOverride</a></code> to a
 183     value sufficient for the directives that you want to permit the users
 184     to modify. See the <a href="htaccess.html">.htaccess tutorial</a> for
 185     additional details on how this works.</p>
 186
 187   </div></div>
 188 <div class="bottomlang">
 189 <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/howto/public_html.html" title="English">&nbsp;en&nbsp;</a> |
 190 <a href="../ja/howto/public_html.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese">&nbsp;ja&nbsp;</a> |
 191 <a href="../ko/howto/public_html.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean">&nbsp;ko&nbsp;</a></p>
 192 </div><div id="footer">
 193 <p class="apache">Copyright 2008 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
 194 <p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
 195 </body></html>