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   8 <title>Per-user web directories - Apache HTTP Server</title>
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  13 <body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
  14 <p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
  15 <p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
  16 <img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
  17 <div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="&lt;-" alt="&lt;-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
  18 <div id="path">
  19 <a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> &gt; <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> &gt; <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> &gt; <a href="../">Version 2.3</a> &gt; <a href="./">How-To / Tutorials</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Per-user web directories</h1>
  20 <div class="toplang">
  21 <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/howto/public_html.html" title="English">&nbsp;en&nbsp;</a> |
  22 <a href="../fr/howto/public_html.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français">&nbsp;fr&nbsp;</a> |
  23 <a href="../ja/howto/public_html.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese">&nbsp;ja&nbsp;</a> |
  24 <a href="../ko/howto/public_html.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean">&nbsp;ko&nbsp;</a> |
  25 <a href="../tr/howto/public_html.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe">&nbsp;tr&nbsp;</a></p>
  26 </div>
  27
  28 <p>On systems with multiple users, each user can be permitted to have a
  29     web site in their home directory using the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code> directive. Visitors
  30     to a URL <code>http://example.com/~username/</code> will get content
  31     out of the home directory of the user "<code>username</code>", out of
  32     the subdirectory specified by the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code> directive.</p>
  33 <p>Note that, by default, access to these directories is <strong>not</strong>
  34     enabled. You can enable access when using <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code> by uncommenting the line</p>
  35     <div class="example"><p><code>
  36       #Include conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf
  37     </code></p></div>
  38     <p>in the default config file, and adapting the <code>httpd-userdir.conf</code>
  39     file as necessary, or by including the appropriate directives in a
  40     <code>Directory</code> block within the main config file.</p>
  41 </div>
  42 <div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#related">Per-user web directories</a></li>
  43 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#userdir">Setting the file path with UserDir</a></li>
  44 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#redirect">Redirecting to external URLs</a></li>
  45 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#enable">Restricting what users are permitted to use this
  46     feature</a></li>
  47 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#cgi">Enabling a cgi directory for each user</a></li>
  48 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#htaccess">Allowing users to alter configuration</a></li>
  49 </ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="../urlmapping.html">Mapping URLs to the Filesystem</a></li></ul></div>
  50 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
  51 <div class="section">
  52 <h2><a name="related" id="related">Per-user web directories</a></h2>
  53
  54     <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html">mod_userdir</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directorymatch">DirectoryMatch</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#allowoverride">AllowOverride</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
  55     </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
  56 <div class="section">
  57 <h2><a name="userdir" id="userdir">Setting the file path with UserDir</a></h2>
  58
  59
  60     <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code>
  61     directive specifies a directory out of which per-user
  62     content is loaded. This directive may take several different forms.</p>
  63
  64     <p>If a path is given which does not start with a leading slash, it is
  65     assumed to be a directory path relative to the home directory of the
  66     specified user. Given this configuration:</p>
  67
  68     <div class="example"><p><code>
  69       UserDir public_html
  70     </code></p></div>
  71
  72     <p>the URL <code>http://example.com/~rbowen/file.html</code> will be
  73     translated to the file path
  74     <code>/home/rbowen/public_html/file.html</code></p>
  75
  76     <p>If a path is given starting with a slash, a directory path will be
  77     constructed using that path, plus the username specified. Given this
  78     configuration:</p>
  79
  80     <div class="example"><p><code>
  81       UserDir /var/html
  82     </code></p></div>
  83
  84     <p>the URL <code>http://example.com/~rbowen/file.html</code> will be
  85     translated to the file path <code>/var/html/rbowen/file.html</code></p>
  86
  87     <p>If a path is provided which contains an asterisk (*), a path is used
  88     in which the asterisk is replaced with the username. Given this
  89     configuration:</p>
  90
  91     <div class="example"><p><code>
  92       UserDir /var/www/*/docs
  93     </code></p></div>
  94
  95     <p>the URL <code>http://example.com/~rbowen/file.html</code> will be
  96     translated to the file path
  97     <code>/var/www/rbowen/docs/file.html</code></p>
  98
  99     <p>Multiple directories or directory paths can also be set.</p>
 100
 101     <div class="example"><p><code>
 102       UserDir public_html /var/html
 103     </code></p></div>
 104
 105     <p>For the URL <code>http://example.com/~rbowen/file.html</code>,
 106     Apache will search for <code>~rbowen</code>. If it isn't found,
 107     Apache will search for <code>rbowen</code> in <code>/var/html</code>. If
 108     found, the above URL will then be translated to the file path
 109     <code>/var/html/rbowen/file.html</code></p>
 110
 111   </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
 112 <div class="section">
 113 <h2><a name="redirect" id="redirect">Redirecting to external URLs</a></h2>
 114
 115     <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code> directive can be
 116       used to redirect user directory requests to external URLs.</p>
 117
 118     <div class="example"><p><code>
 119       UserDir http://example.org/users/*/
 120     </code></p></div>
 121
 122     <p>The above example will redirect a request for
 123     <code>http://example.com/~bob/abc.html</code> to
 124     <code>http://example.org/users/bob/abc.html</code>.</p>
 125   </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
 126 <div class="section">
 127 <h2><a name="enable" id="enable">Restricting what users are permitted to use this
 128     feature</a></h2>
 129
 130
 131     <p>Using the syntax shown in the UserDir documentation, you can restrict
 132     what users are permitted to use this functionality:</p>
 133
 134     <div class="example"><p><code>
 135       UserDir disabled root jro fish
 136     </code></p></div>
 137
 138     <p>The configuration above will enable the feature for all users
 139     except for those listed in the <code>disabled</code> statement.
 140     You can, likewise, disable the feature for all but a few users by
 141     using a configuration like the following:</p>
 142
 143     <div class="example"><p><code>
 144       UserDir disabled<br />
 145       UserDir enabled rbowen krietz
 146     </code></p></div>
 147
 148     <p>See <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code>
 149     documentation for additional examples.</p>
 150
 151   </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
 152 <div class="section">
 153 <h2><a name="cgi" id="cgi">Enabling a cgi directory for each user</a></h2>
 154
 155
 156    <p>In order to give each user their own cgi-bin directory, you can use
 157     a <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory">&lt;Directory&gt;</a></code>
 158     directive to make a particular subdirectory of a user's home directory
 159     cgi-enabled.</p>
 160
 161     <div class="example"><p><code>
 162       &lt;Directory /home/*/public_html/cgi-bin/&gt;<br />
 163        Options ExecCGI<br />
 164        SetHandler cgi-script<br />
 165        &lt;/Directory&gt;
 166     </code></p></div>
 167
 168     <p>Then, presuming that <code>UserDir</code> is set to
 169     <code>public_html</code>, a cgi program <code>example.cgi</code>
 170     could be loaded from that directory as:</p>
 171
 172     <div class="example"><p><code>
 173     http://example.com/~rbowen/cgi-bin/example.cgi
 174     </code></p></div>
 175
 176     </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
 177 <div class="section">
 178 <h2><a name="htaccess" id="htaccess">Allowing users to alter configuration</a></h2>
 179
 180
 181     <p>If you want to allows users to modify the server configuration in
 182     their web space, they will need to use <code>.htaccess</code> files to
 183     make these changed. Ensure that you have set <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#allowoverride">AllowOverride</a></code> to a
 184     value sufficient for the directives that you want to permit the users
 185     to modify. See the <a href="htaccess.html">.htaccess tutorial</a> for
 186     additional details on how this works.</p>
 187
 188   </div></div>
 189 <div class="bottomlang">
 190 <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/howto/public_html.html" title="English">&nbsp;en&nbsp;</a> |
 191 <a href="../fr/howto/public_html.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français">&nbsp;fr&nbsp;</a> |
 192 <a href="../ja/howto/public_html.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese">&nbsp;ja&nbsp;</a> |
 193 <a href="../ko/howto/public_html.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean">&nbsp;ko&nbsp;</a> |
 194 <a href="../tr/howto/public_html.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe">&nbsp;tr&nbsp;</a></p>
 195 </div><div id="footer">
 196 <p class="apache">Copyright 2011 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
 197 <p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
 198 </body></html>