[apache] / docs / manual / howto / cgi.xml.ko

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<manualpage metafile="cgi.xml.meta">
  <parentdocument href="./">How-To / Tutorials</parentdocument>

  <title>¾ÆÆÄÄ¡ ÅõÅ丮¾ó: CGI¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ µ¿Àû ÆäÀÌÁö »ý¼º</title>

  <section id="intro">
    <title>¼Ò°³</title>

    <related>
      <modulelist>
        <module>mod_alias</module>
        <module>mod_cgi</module>
      </modulelist>

      <directivelist>
        <directive module="mod_mime">AddHandler</directive>
        <directive module="core">Options</directive>
        <directive module="mod_alias">ScriptAlias</directive>
      </directivelist>
    </related>

    <p>CGI (Common Gateway Interface)´Â À¥¼­¹ö°¡ º¸Åë CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥
    ȤÀº CGI ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®¶ó°í ºÎ¸£´Â, (À¥ÆäÀÌÁö ³»¿ëÀ» ¸¸µå´Â) ¿ÜºÎ
    ÇÁ·Î±×·¥°ú Åë½ÅÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» Á¤ÀÇÇÑ´Ù. À¥»çÀÌÆ®¿¡¼­ µ¿ÀûÀÎ
    ÆäÀÌÁö¸¦ ¸¸µå´Â °¡Àå ÈçÇÏ°í °£´ÜÇÑ ¹æ¹ýÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ¹®¼­´Â ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡
    À¥¼­¹ö¿¡ CGI¸¦ ±¸¼ºÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» ¼Ò°³ÇÏ°í, CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À»
    ÀÛ¼ºÇغ»´Ù.</p>
  </section>

  <section id="configuring">
    <title>CGI¸¦ Çã¿ëÇϵµ·Ï ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡ ¼³Á¤Çϱâ</title>

    <p>CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ ¿Ã¹Ù·Î µ¿ÀÛÇÏ·Á¸é CGI ½ÇÇàÀÌ °¡´ÉÇϵµ·Ï
    ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¼³Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀº ¿©·¯°¡Áö´Ù.</p>

    <section id="scriptalias">
      <title>ScriptAlias</title>

      <p><directive module="mod_alias">ScriptAlias</directive>
      Áö½Ã¾î¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡´Â ƯÁ¤ µð·ºÅ丮¸¦ CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥¿ëÀ¸·Î
      µÐ´Ù. ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡´Â ÀÌ µð·ºÅ丮¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¸ðµç ÆÄÀÏÀÌ CGI
      ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À̶ó°í °¡Á¤ÇÏ¿© Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ®°¡ ÀÚ¿øÀ» ¿äûÇϸé ÀÚ¿øÀ»
      ½ÇÇàÇÏ·Á°í ½ÃµµÇÑ´Ù.</p>

      <p><directive module="mod_alias">ScriptAlias</directive>
      Áö½Ã¾î´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.</p>

      <example>
        ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/local/apache2/cgi-bin/
      </example>

      <p>À§ ¿¹Á¦´Â ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡¸¦ ±âº» Àå¼Ò¿¡ ¼³Ä¡ÇÑ °æ¿ì
      <code>httpd.conf</code> ¼³Á¤ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ³»¿ëÀÌ´Ù. <directive
      module="mod_alias">ScriptAlias</directive> Áö½Ã¾î´Â <directive
      module="mod_alias">Alias</directive> Áö½Ã¾î¿Í °°ÀÌ URL
      ¾ÕºÎºÐÀ» ƯÁ¤ µð·ºÅ丮·Î ´ëÀÀÇÑ´Ù.
      <directive>Alias</directive>¿Í
      <directive>ScriptAlias</directive>´Â º¸Åë <directive
      module="core">DocumentRoot</directive> µð·ºÅ丮 ¹Û¿¡ ÀÖ´Â
      µð·ºÅ丮¿¡ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. <directive>Alias</directive>¿Í
      <directive>ScriptAlias</directive>ÀÇ Â÷ÀÌÁ¡Àº
      <directive>ScriptAlias</directive>°¡ Ãß°¡·Î URL ¾ÕºÎºÐÀ¸·Î
      ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç ÆÄÀÏÀ» CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À¸·Î Ãë±ÞÇÏ´Â Á¡ÀÌ´Ù.
      ±×·¡¼­ À§ÀÇ ¼³Á¤Àº ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡¿¡°Ô <code>/cgi-bin/</code>À¸·Î
      ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Â ÀÚ¿øÀ» ¿äûÇϸé
      <code>/usr/local/apache2/cgi-bin/</code> µð·ºÅ丮¿¡¼­
      ã¾Æ¼­ CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À¸·Î ó¸®Ç϶ó°í ¾Ë¸°´Ù.</p>

      <p>¿¹¸¦ µé¾î, URL
      <code>http://www.example.com/cgi-bin/test.pl</code>À»
      ¿äûÇÏ¸é ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡´Â
      <code>/usr/local/apache2/cgi-bin/test.pl</code> ÆÄÀÏÀ»
      ½ÇÇàÇÏ¿© °á°ú¸¦ ¹ÝȯÇÑ´Ù. ¹°·Ð ÆÄÀÏÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÏ°í ½ÇÇà°¡´ÉÇϸç
      ¾î¶² ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Îµç Ãâ·ÂÀ» ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¸Áö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡´Â
      ¿À·ù¹®À» º¸³½´Ù.</p>
    </section>

    <section id="nonscriptalias">
      <title>ScriptAlias µð·ºÅ丮 ¹Û¿¡ ÀÖ´Â CGI</title>

      <p>º¸Åë º¸¾È»ó ÀÌÀ¯¶§¹®¿¡ CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº <directive
      module="mod_alias">ScriptAlias</directive>ÇÑ µð·ºÅ丮¿¡
      ÇÑÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ °ü¸®ÀÚ´Â ´©°¡ CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö
      ÀÖ´ÂÁö ¾ö°ÝÈ÷ °¨µ¶ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª Àû´çÇÑ º¸¾ÈÁ¶Ä¡¸¦
      ÃëÇß´Ù¸é ¾Æ¹« µð·ºÅ丮¿¡¼­³ª CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ½ÇÇàÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ»
      ÀÌÀ¯°¡ ¾ø´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î, <directive
      module="mod_userdir">UserDir</directive> Áö½Ã¾î¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿©
      »ç¿ëÀÚ°¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ È¨µð·ºÅ丮¿¡ À¥ÆäÀÌÁö¸¦ °¡Áö´Â °æ¿ì¸¦
      °¡Á¤ÇÏÀÚ. »ç¿ëÀÚ°¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ½ÍÀºµ¥
      <code>cgi-bin</code> µð·ºÅ丮¿¡ Á¢±Ù±ÇÇÑÀÌ ¾ø´Ù¸é, ´Ù¸¥
      °÷¿¡¼­¶óµµ CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ½ÇÇàÇÏ°í ½ÍÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.</p>

      <p>¾Æ¹« µð·ºÅ丮¿¡¼­³ª CGI ½ÇÇàÀ» Çã¿ëÇÏ·Á¸é µÎ °úÁ¤ÀÌ
      ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. ¸ÕÀú, <directive
      module="mod_mime">AddHandler</directive>³ª <directive
      module="core">SetHandler</directive> Áö½Ã¾î¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿©
      <code>cgi-script</code> Çڵ鷯¸¦ ÀÛµ¿ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. µÎ¹ø°·Î,
      <directive module="core">Options</directive> Áö½Ã¾î¿¡
      <code>ExecCGI</code>¸¦ ÁöÁ¤ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.</p>
    </section>

    <section id="options">
      <title>Options¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ¸í½ÃÀûÀ¸·Î CGI ½ÇÇàÀ» Çã¿ëÇϱâ</title>

      <p>¼­¹öÀÇ ÁÖ¼³Á¤ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ Á÷Á¢ <directive
      module="core">Options</directive> Áö½Ã¾î¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ƯÁ¤
      µð·ºÅ丮¿¡¼­ CGI ½ÇÇàÀ» Çã¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.</p>

      <example>
        &lt;Directory /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/somedir&gt;<br />
        <indent>
          Options +ExecCGI<br />
        </indent>
        &lt;/Directory&gt;
      </example>

      <p>À§ Áö½Ã¾î·Î ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡´Â CGI ÆÄÀÏÀÇ ½ÇÇàÀ» Çã¿ëÇÑ´Ù. ¾î¶²
      ÆÄÀÏÀÌ CGI ÆÄÀÏÀÎÁöµµ ¼­¹ö¿¡°Ô ¾Ë·Á¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ´ÙÀ½ <directive
      module="mod_mime">AddHandler</directive> Áö½Ã¾î´Â ¼­¹ö¿¡°Ô
      È®ÀåÀÚ°¡ <code>cgi</code>³ª <code>pl</code>ÀÎ ÆÄÀÏÀº ¸ðµÎ
      CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À̶ó°í ¾Ë¸°´Ù.</p>

      <example>
        AddHandler cgi-script .cgi .pl
      </example>
    </section>

    <section id="htaccess">
      <title>.htaccess ÆÄÀÏ</title>

      <p><a href="htaccess.html"><code>.htaccess</code> ÅõÅ丮¾ó</a>Àº
      <code>httpd.conf</code>¿¡ Á¢±Ù±ÇÇÑÀÌ ¾ø´Â °æ¿ì¿¡ CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À»
      »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» ¾Ë·ÁÁØ´Ù.</p>
    </section>

    <section id="userdir">
      <title>»ç¿ëÀÚ µð·ºÅ丮</title>

      <p>¾Æ·¡ ¼³Á¤À» »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é »ç¿ëÀÚ µð·ºÅ丮¿¡¼­ <code>.cgi</code>·Î
      ³¡³ª´Â ÆÄÀÏÀ» CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À¸·Î ½ÇÇàÇÑ´Ù.</p>

      <example>
      &lt;Directory /home/*/public_html&gt;<br/>
      <indent>
        Options +ExecCGI<br/>
        AddHandler cgi-script .cgi<br/>
      </indent>
      &lt;/Directory&gt;
      </example>

      <p>´ÙÀ½À» »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é »ç¿ëÀÚ µð·ºÅ丮ÀÇ <code>cgi-bin</code>
      ÇÏÀ§µð·ºÅ丮¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¸ðµç ÆÄÀÏÀ» CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À¸·Î ÀνÄÇÑ´Ù.</p>

      <example>
      &lt;Directory /home/*/public_html/cgi-bin&gt;<br/>
      <indent>
        Options ExecCGI<br/>
        SetHandler cgi-script<br/>
      </indent>
      &lt;/Directory&gt;
      </example>

    </section>

  </section>

  <section id="writing">
    <title>CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ ÀÛ¼ºÇϱâ</title>

    <p>``ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ'' ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹Ö°ú CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹Ö »çÀÌ¿¡´Â µÎ°¡Áö
    ÁÖµÈ Â÷ÀÌÁ¡ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.</p>

    <p>ù¹ø° Â÷ÀÌ´Â CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº ´Ù¸¥ Ãâ·ÂÀ» ÇϱâÀü¿¡ ¸ÕÀú
    MIME-type Çì´õ¸¦ Ãâ·ÂÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÌ´Ù. HTTP Çì´õ´Â
    Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ®¿¡°Ô Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ®°¡ ¾î¶² ³»¿ëÀ» ¹Þ°ÔµÉÁö ¹Ì¸® ¾Ë¸°´Ù.
    º¸Åë ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.</p>

    <example>
      Content-type: text/html
    </example>

    <p>µÎ¹ø° Â÷ÀÌ´Â HTML ȤÀº ºê¶ó¿ìÀú°¡ º¸¿©ÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Çü½ÄÀ¸·Î
    Ãâ·ÂÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÌ´Ù. ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ °æ¿ì HTMLÀ» Ãâ·ÂÇÏÁö¸¸,
    ¶§¶§·Î gif ±×¸²°ú °°ÀÌ HTMLÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ ³»¿ëÀ» Ãâ·ÂÇÏ´Â CGI
    ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ÀÛ¼ºÇÏ´Â °æ¿ìµµ ÀÖ´Ù.</p>

    <p>µÎ°¡Áö¸¦ Á¦¿ÜÇÏ°í´Â CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ ÀÛ¼ºÀº ÀÌ¹Ì ¸¸µé¾î º¸¾ÒÀ»
    ´Ù¸¥ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥µé°ú ¸Å¿ì ºñ½ÁÇÏ´Ù.</p>

    <section id="firstcgi">
      <title>óÀ½À¸·Î ¸¸µç CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥</title>

      <p>´ÙÀ½Àº ºê¶ó¿ìÀú¿¡ ÇÑ ÁÙÀ» Âï´Â CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ ¿¹Á¦´Ù.
      ±×´ë·Î <code>first.pl</code>À̶ó´Â ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ ÀúÀåÇÏ°í,
      <code>cgi-bin</code> µð·ºÅ丮¿¡ º¹»çÇÑ´Ù.</p>

      <example>
        #!/usr/bin/perl<br />
        print "Content-type: text/html\n\n";<br />
        print "Hello, World.";
      </example>

      <p>Perl¿¡ Àͼ÷ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´õ¶óµµ ¹«½¼ ÀÏÀÌ ÀϾ´ÂÁö ¾Ë ¼ö
      ÀÖ´Ù. ù¹ø° ÁÙÀº ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡(ȤÀº »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ½©)¿¡°Ô
      <code>/usr/bin/perl</code> À§Ä¡¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ÀÎÅÍÇÁ¸®ÅÍÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿©
      ÀÌ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ ÆÄÀÏÀ» ½ÇÇàÇ϶ó°í ¾Ë¸°´Ù. µÎ¹ø° ÁÙÀº ¹æ±Ý
      ¸»ÇÑ content-type ¼±¾ðÀ» Ãâ·ÂÇÏ°í carriage-return ÁٹٲÞÀ»
      µÎ¹ø Ãâ·ÂÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯¸é Çì´õ µÚ¿¡ HTTP Çì´õÀÇ ³¡À» ¶æÇÏ´Â
      ºóÁÙÀÌ »ý±â°í, º»¹®ÀÌ ½ÃÀÛÇÑ´Ù. ¼¼¹ø° ÁÙÀº "Hello, World."
      ¹®ÀÚ¿­À» Ãâ·ÂÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀ¸·Î ³¡ÀÌ´Ù.</p>

      <p>ºê¶ó¿ìÀú¸¦ ½ÇÇàÇÏ°í ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ ÀÔ·ÂÇÑ´Ù</p>

      <example>
        http://www.example.com/cgi-bin/first.pl
      </example>

      <p>ÆÄÀÏ Àå¼Ò¸¦ ÀÔ·ÂÇϸé, ºê¶ó¿ìÀúâ¿¡ <code>Hello, World.</code>
      ÇÑ ÁÙÀÌ º¸ÀδÙ. ÈïºÐµÇÁö´Â ¾ÊÁö¸¸, Çѹø µ¿ÀÛÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ»
      º¸¾ÒÀ¸´Ï ÀÌÁ¦ ´Ù¸¥ °ÍÀ» ½ÃµµÇØ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.</p>
    </section>
  </section>

  <section id="troubleshoot">
    <title>±×·¯³ª ¾ÆÁ÷ µ¿ÀÛÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Æ¿ä!</title>

    <p>À¥¿¡¼­ CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥¿¡ Á¢±ÙÇÒ¶§ ºê¶ó¿ìÀú¿¡ ³ª¿Ã ¼ö ÀÖ´Â
    ³»¿ëÀº ±âº»ÀûÀ¸·Î ³×°¡Áö´Ù.</p>

    <dl>
      <dt>CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÇ Ãâ·Â</dt>
      <dd>ÁÁ´Ù! ¸ðµç °ÍÀÌ Àß µ¿ÀÛÇÑ´Ù´Â ¶æÀÌ´Ù. Ãâ·ÂÀº Á¤È®ÇÏÁö¸¸
      ºê¶ó¿ìÀú°¡ ¿Ã¹Ù·Î ó¸®ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù¸é, CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥¿¡¼­
      ¿Ã¹Ù¸¥ <code>Content-Type</code>À» ¼³Á¤ÇÏ¿´´ÂÁö È®ÀÎÇÑ´Ù.</dd>

      <dt>CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ ¼Ò½ºÄÚµå ȤÀº "POST Method Not Allowed"
      ¹®±¸</dt>
      <dd>CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ½ÇÇàÇϵµ·Ï ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡¸¦ ÀûÀýÈ÷ ¼³Á¤ÇÏÁö
      ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù´Â ¶æÀÌ´Ù. <a href="#configuring">¾ÆÆÄÄ¡ ¼³Á¤Çϱâ</a>
      ÀýÀ» ´Ù½Ã ÀÐ°í »©¸ÔÀº ºÎºÐÀÌ ÀÖ´ÂÁö ã¾ÆºÁ¶ó.</dd>

      <dt>"Forbidden"À¸·Î ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Â ¹®±¸</dt>
      <dd>±ÇÇÑ ¹®Á¦°¡ ÀÖ´Ù´Â ¶æÀÌ´Ù. <a href="#errorlogs">¾ÆÆÄÄ¡
      ¿À·ù ·Î±×</a>¿Í ¾Æ·¡ <a href="#permissions">ÆÄÀϱÇÇÑ</a>
      ÀýÀ» È®ÀÎÇ϶ó.</dd>

      <dt>"Internal Server Error"¶ó´Â ¹®±¸</dt>
      <dd><a href="#errorlogs">¾ÆÆÄÄ¡ ¿À·ù ·Î±×</a>¸¦ º¸¸é ¾Æ¸¶µµ
      CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ Ãâ·ÂÇÑ ¿À·ù¹®°ú ÇÔ²² "Premature end of
      script headers"°¡ º¸ÀÏ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ °æ¿ì ¾Æ·¡ ³»¿ëµéÀ» Çϳª¾¿
      È®ÀÎÇÏ¿© ¾î¶² ÀÌÀ¯·Î CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ ÀûÀýÇÑ HTTP Çì´õ¸¦
      Ãâ·ÂÇÏÁö ¸øÇß´ÂÁö ¾Ë¾Æº»´Ù.</dd>
    </dl>

    <section id="permissions">
      <title>ÆÄÀϱÇÇÑ</title>

      <p>¼­¹ö´Â ´ç½Å°ú µ¿ÀÏÇÑ °èÁ¤À¸·Î µ¿ÀÛÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ½À» ¸í½ÉÇ϶ó.
      Áï, ¼­¹ö°¡ ½ÃÀÛÇÏ¸é ¼­¹ö´Â ºñƯ±Ç »ç¿ëÀÚ ±ÇÇÑ(º¸Åë
      <code>nobody</code>³ª <code>www</code>)À¸·Î µ¿ÀÛÇÑ´Ù.
      ±×·¡¼­ ´ç½ÅÀÌ ¼ÒÀ¯ÇÑ ÆÄÀÏÀ» ½ÇÇàÇÏ·Á¸é ±ÇÇÑÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù.
      ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ <code>nobody</code>°¡ ½ÇÇàÇϱ⿡ ÃæºÐÇÑ ±ÇÇÑÀ»
      ÁÖ±âÀ§ÇØ º¸Åë ¸ðµÎ¿¡°Ô ÆÄÀÏÀÇ ½ÇÇà ±ÇÇÑÀ» ÁØ´Ù.</p>

      <example>
        chmod a+x first.pl
      </example>

      <p>¶Ç, ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ ÆÄÀÏÀ» Àаųª ¾´´Ù¸é ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏ¿¡µµ
      ÀûÀýÇÑ ±ÇÇÑÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù.</p>

    </section>

    <section id="pathinformation">
      <title>°æ·Î Á¤º¸¿Í ȯ°æ</title>

      <p>¸í·ÉÇà¿¡¼­ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ½ÇÇàÇϸé ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î ¾î¶² Á¤º¸°¡
      ½©·Î Àü´ÞµÈ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î, <code>PATH</code>´Â ½©¿¡°Ô ´ç½ÅÀÌ
      ¸»ÇÑ ÆÄÀÏÀ» ãÀ» Àå¼Ò¸¦ ¾Ë·ÁÁØ´Ù.</p>

      <p>À¥¼­¹ö°¡ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À¸·Î ½ÇÇàÇÒ¶§´Â
      <code>PATH</code>°¡ ´Ù¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. (¿¹¸¦ µé¾î,
      <code>sendmail</code> °°ÀÌ) CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ ¾È¿¡¼­ ½ÇÇàÇÏ´Â
      ¸í·É¾î´Â ¿ÏÀüÇÑ °æ·Î·Î ¸í½ÃÇØ¾ß ½©ÀÌ ¸í·É¾î¸¦ ãÀ» ¼ö
      ÀÖ´Ù.</p>

      <p>°æ·Î ¹®Á¦´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ ù¹ø° ÁÙ¿¡ ³ª¿À´Â
      ½ºÅ©¸³Æ® ÀÎÅÍÇÁ¸®ÅÍ (º¸Åë <code>perl</code>) °æ·Î¿¡¼­
      ÀÚÁÖ ¹ß»ýÇÑ´Ù.</p>

      <example>
        #!/usr/bin/perl
      </example>

      <p>½ÇÁ¦·Î ÀÎÅÍÇÁ¸®ÅÍÀÇ °æ·ÎÀÎÁö È®ÀÎÇÑ´Ù.</p>

      <p>¶Ç, CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ <a href="#env">ȯ°æº¯¼ö</a>¸¦
      »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù¸é ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡°¡ ÀÌ º¯¼öµéÀ» ÇÁ·Î±×·¥¿¡°Ô Àü´ÞÇؾß
      ÇÑ´Ù.</p>

    </section>

    <section id="syntaxerrors">
      <title>ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ ¿À·ù</title>

      <p>CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ ½ÇÆÐÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì ´ëºÎºÐ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ ÀÚü
      ¹®Á¦¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ƯÈ÷ À§ÀÇ µÎ°¡Áö ½Ç¼ö¸¦ ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò°í ÀÌ ±ÛÀ»
      °è¼Ó º¸°í ÀÖ´Ù¸é ´õ´õ¿í ±×·¸´Ù. ¸ÕÀú À¥¼­¹ö¿¡¼­ ½ÇÇàÇϱâ
      Àü¿¡ ¸í·ÉÇà¿¡¼­ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ½ÇÇàÇغ»´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î, ´ÙÀ½°ú
      °°ÀÌ ½ÇÇàÇÑ´Ù.</p>

      <example>
      cd /usr/local/apache2/cgi-bin<br/>
      ./first.pl
      </example>

      <p>(<code>perl</code> ÀÎÅÍÇÁ¸®Å͸¦ ½ÇÇàÇÏÁö ¸¶¶ó. ½©°ú
      ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡´Â ½ºÅ©¸³Æ® ù¹ø° ÁÙ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â <a
      href="#pathinformation">°æ·Î Á¤º¸</a>¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ÀÎÅÍÇÁ¸®Å͸¦
      ã¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.)</p>

      <p>ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº Á¦ÀÏ ¸ÕÀú <code>Content-Type</code>À» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ
      HTTP Çì´õµéÀ» Ãâ·ÂÇÏ°í ºó ÁÙÀ» Ãâ·ÂÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ °ÍÀ»
      Ãâ·ÂÇÑ´Ù¸é À¥¼­¹ö¿¡¼­ ½ÇÇàÇÒ °æ¿ì ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡´Â <code>Premature
      end of script headers</code>¸¦ ¹ÝȯÇÑ´Ù. ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ ³»¿ëÀº
      À§ÀÇ <a href="#writing">CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ ÀÛ¼ºÇϱâ</a>¸¦ Âü°íÇ϶ó.</p>
    </section>

    <section id="errorlogs">
      <title>¿À·ù ·Î±×</title>

      <p>¿À·ù ·Î±×´Â ´ç½Å ÆíÀÌ´Ù. ¹«¾ð°¡ À߸øµÇ¸é ¿À·ù ·Î±×¿¡
      ¹®±¸°¡ »ý±ä´Ù. ¿À·ù ·Î±×¸¦ Á¦ÀÏ ¸ÕÀú »ìÆìºÁ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. À¥»çÀÌÆ®¸¦
      È£½ºÆÃÇÏ´Â °÷¿¡¼­ ¿À·ù ·Î±×¸¦ º¸Áö ¸øÇÏ°Ô ÇÑ´Ù¸é, ¾Æ¸¶µµ
      ´Ù¸¥ ¾÷ü¸¦ ¾Ë¾ÆºÁ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¿À·ù ·Î±×¸¦ º¸´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» ÀÍÈ÷¸é,
      ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ¹®Á¦¸¦ »¡¸® ÆľÇÇÏ¿© ÇØ°áÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.</p>
    </section>

    <section id="suexec">
      <title>Suexec</title>

      <p><a href="../suexec.html">suexec</a> Áö¿ø ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À»
      »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é ¾î¶² °¡»óÈ£½ºÆ® ȤÀº ¾î¶² »ç¿ëÀÚ µð·ºÅ丮¿¡ ÀÖ´ÂÁö¿¡
      µû¶ó CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ´Ù¸¥ »ç¿ëÀÚ ±ÇÇÑÀ¸·Î ½ÇÇàÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
      Suexec´Â ¸Å¿ì ¾ö°ÝÇÏ°Ô ±ÇÇÑÀ» °Ë»çÇϸç, °Ë»ç¸¦ Çϳª¶óµµ
      Åë°úÇÏÁö ¸øÇϸé CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ½ÇÇàÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í <code>Premature
      end of script headers</code>¸¦ ¹ÝȯÇÑ´Ù.</p>

      <p>suexec¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖ´ÂÁö ¾Ë·Á¸é <code>apachectl -V</code>¸¦
      ½ÇÇàÇÏ¿© <code>SUEXEC_BIN</code> À§Ä¡¸¦ È®ÀÎÇÑ´Ù. ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡°¡
      ½ÃÀÛÇÒ¶§ ±× Àå¼Ò¿¡¼­ suexec ½ÇÇàÆÄÀÏÀ» ¹ß°ßÇϸé, suexec¸¦
      »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.</p>

      <p>suexec¸¦ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ÀÌÇØÇÏÁö ¸øÇß´Ù¸é »ç¿ëÇؼ­´Â ¾ÈµÈ´Ù.
      suexec¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸·Á¸é <code>SUEXEC_BIN</code> À§Ä¡¿¡
      ÀÖ´Â <code>suexec</code> ½ÇÇàÆÄÀÏÀ» Áö¿ì°í (ȤÀº ÆÄÀϸíÀ»
      ¹Ù²Ù°í) ¼­¹ö¸¦ Àç½ÃÀÛÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù. <a
      href="../suexec.html">suexec</a>¿¡ ´ëÇØ ÀÐÀº ´ÙÀ½ ±×·¡µµ
      »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ½Í´Ù¸é, <code>suexec -V</code>¸¦ ½ÇÇàÇÏ¿© suexec
      ·Î±×ÆÄÀÏ À§Ä¡¸¦ ¾Ë¾Æ³»°í ·Î±×ÆÄÀÏ¿¡¼­ ´ç½ÅÀÌ ¾î¶² ±ÔÄ¢À»
      ¾î±â°í ÀÖ´ÂÁö ã´Â´Ù.</p>
    </section>
  </section>

  <section id="behindscenes">
    <title>µÚ¿¡¼­´Â ¹«½¼ ÀÏÀÌ ¹ú¾îÁö´Â°¡?</title>

    <p>CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹Ö¿¡ Àͼ÷ÇØÁú¼ö·Ï µÚ¿¡¼­ ¹ú¾îÁö´Â ÀÏÀ» ÀÌÇØÇϸé
    µµ¿òÀÌ µÈ´Ù. ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î ºê¶ó¿ìÀú¿Í ¼­¹ö°¡ ¼­·Î Åë½ÅÇÏ´Â
    ¹æ¹ýÀ» ¸»ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¸ô¶óµµ "Hello, World."¸¦ Ãâ·ÂÇÏ´Â
    ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ÀÛ¼ºÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÁö¸¸ ÀÌ·± ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº º°·Î ¾µ¸ð°¡
    ¾ø±â¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.</p>

    <section id="env">
      <title>ȯ°æº¯¼ö</title>

      <p>ȯ°æº¯¼ö´Â ´ç½ÅÀÌ ÄÄÇ»Å͸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È ´ç½Å ÁÖÀ§¸¦
      ¶°´Ù´Ï´Â °ªÀÌ´Ù. ȯ°æº¯¼ö´Â path (ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ°¡ ´ç½ÅÀÌ ÀÔ·ÂÇÑ
      ¸í·É¾î¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â ½ÇÁ¦ ÆÄÀÏÀ» ã´Â Àå¼Ò), »ç¿ëÀÚ¸í, Å͹̳Î
      Á¾·ù¿Í °°ÀÌ À¯¿ëÇÑ Á¤º¸´Ù. ÀϹÝÀûÀΠȯ°æº¯¼ö¸¦ ¸ðµÎ º¸·Á¸é
      ¸í·ÉÇà ÇÁ·ÒÇÁÆ®¿¡¼­ <code>env</code>¸¦ ÀÔ·ÂÇÑ´Ù.</p>

      <p>CGI¸¦ ½ÇÇàÇÒ¶§µµ ¼­¹ö¿Í ºê¶ó¿ìÀú´Â °¢ÀÚÀÇ È¯°æº¯¼ö¸¦
      ¼­·Î ±³È¯ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ Á¤º¸¿¡´Â ºê¶ó¿ìÀú Á¾·ù (Netscape, IE,
      Lynx), ¼­¹ö Á¾·ù (¾ÆÆÄÄ¡, IIS, WebSite), ½ÇÇàÇÏ´Â CGI
      ÇÁ·Î±×·¥¸í µîÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.</p>

      <p>CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¸Ó´Â ÀÌ·± º¯¼öµéÀ» »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°í,
      ȯ°æº¯¼ö´Â Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ®-¼­¹ö Åë½Å¿¡´Â ÀϺκÐÀ» Â÷ÁöÇÑ´Ù.
      Àüü Çʼö º¯¼ö ¸ñ·ÏÀº <a
      href="http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu/cgi/env.html"
      >http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu/cgi/env.html</a>¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù.</p>

      <p>¾Æ·¡ °£´ÜÇÑ Perl CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº Àڽſ¡°Ô Àü´ÞµÈ ¸ðµç
      ȯ°æº¯¼ö¸¦ º¸¿©ÁØ´Ù. ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡ ¹èÆ÷º»ÀÇ <code>cgi-bin</code>
      µð·ºÅ丮¿¡ ÀÌ¿Í ºñ½ÁÇÑ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ µÎ°³ ÀÖ´Ù. ¸î¸î º¯¼ö´Â
      ÇʼöÀÌ°í ³ª¸ÓÁö´Â ¼±ÅÃÀûÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ °ø½Ä ¸ñ·Ï¿¡ ¾ø´Â
      º¯¼öµµ º¸ÀδÙ. ¶Ç, ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡´Â ±âº»ÀûÀ¸·Î Á¦°øÇϴ ȯ°æº¯¼ö
      ¿Ü¿¡ ¿©·¯°¡Áö ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î <a href="../env.html">Á÷Á¢ ȯ°æº¯¼ö¸¦
      Ãß°¡ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù</a>.</p>

      <example>
        #!/usr/bin/perl<br />
        print "Content-type: text/html\n\n";<br />
        foreach $key (keys %ENV) {<br />
        <indent>
          print "$key --&gt; $ENV{$key}&lt;br&gt;";<br />
        </indent>
        }
      </example>
    </section>

    <section id="stdin">
      <title>STDIN°ú STDOUT</title>

      <p>¶Ç, ¼­¹ö¿Í Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ®´Â Ç¥ÁØÀÔ·Â(<code>STDIN</code>)°ú
      Ç¥ÁØÃâ·Â(<code>STDOUT</code>)À¸·Î Åë½ÅÇÑ´Ù. ÀÏ»óÀûÀÎ °æ¿ì
      <code>STDIN</code>Àº Å°º¸µå³ª ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ Ã³¸®ÇÏ´Â ÆÄÀÏÀ»
      ³ªÅ¸³»°í, <code>STDOUT</code>Àº º¸Åë ÄܼÖÀ̳ª È­¸éÀ» ¶æÇÑ´Ù.</p>

      <p>CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥¿¡°Ô À¥ ¾ç½Ä(form)À» <code>POST</code>Çϸé
      ¾ç½Ä¿¡ ÀÔ·ÂÇÑ ÀڷḦ Ưº°ÇÑ Çü½ÄÀ¸·Î ¹­¾î¼­ CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÇ
      <code>STDIN</code>À¸·Î Àü´ÞÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯¸é ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº Å°º¸µå³ª
      ÆÄÀÏ¿¡¼­ ¾òÀº ÀڷḦ ó¸®ÇϵíÀÌ ÀڷḦ ó¸®ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.</p>

      <p>"Ưº°ÇÑ Çü½Ä"Àº ¸Å¿ì °£´ÜÇÏ´Ù. Ç׸ñ À̸§°ú °ªÀ» µîÈ£(=)·Î
      ¿¬°áÇÏ°í, Ç׸ñ À̸§°ú °ªÀÇ ½ÖµéÀ» ¼­·Î ¾ØÆÛ»÷µå(&amp;)·Î
      ¿¬°áÇÑ´Ù. °ø¹é, ¾ÚÆÛ»÷µå, µîÈ£ °°Àº ºÎÀÚ¿¬½º·¯¿î ¹®ÀÚ´Â
      È¥µ¿ÇÏÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï 16Áø¼ö·Î º¯È¯ÇÑ´Ù. ¿ÏÀüÇÑ ÀÚ·á ¹®ÀÚ¿­Àº
      ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ »ý°å´Ù.</p>

      <example>
        name=Rich%20Bowen&amp;city=Lexington&amp;state=KY&amp;sidekick=Squirrel%20Monkey
      </example>

      <p>Á¾Á¾ URL µÚ¿¡¼­ ÀÌ·± ¹®ÀÚ¿­À» º¸°Ô µÈ´Ù. ÀÌ °æ¿ì ¼­¹ö´Â
      ¹®ÀÚ¿­À» <code>QUERY_STRING</code>À̶ó´Â ȯ°æº¯¼ö¿¡ ÀúÀåÇÑ´Ù.
      À̸¦ <code>GET</code> ¿äûÀ̶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù. <code>FORM</code>
      ű×ÀÇ <code>METHOD</code> ¼Ó¼ºÀ» ÁöÁ¤ÇÏ¿© HTML ¾ç½Ä(form)ÀÌ
      ÀڷḦ <code>GET</code>ÇÒÁö <code>POST</code>ÇÒÁö °áÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù.</p>

      <p>ÀÌÁ¦ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº ÀÌ·± ¹®ÀÚ¿­À» À¯¿ëÇÑ Á¤º¸·Î ÂÉ°³¾ß
      ÇÑ´Ù.  ´ÙÇàÈ÷µµ ÀÌ·± ÀÚ·á 󸮸¦ µ½°í CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÇ ´Ù¸¥
      ¿©·¯ ¸éÀ» »ìÇÇ´Â ¶óÀ̺귯¸®¿Í ¸ðµâµéÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.</p>
    </section>
  </section>

  <section id="libraries">
    <title>CGI ¸ðµâ/¶óÀ̺귯¸®</title>

    <p>CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ÀÛ¼ºÇÒ¶§ Áö·çÇÑ ÀÛ¾÷À» ´ë½ÅÇØÁÖ´Â ÄÚµå
    ¶óÀ̺귯¸® ȤÀº ¸ðµâÀ» »ç¿ëÇÒÁö °í·ÁÇغÁ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ·± °ÍÀ»
    »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é ¹ö±×°¡ ÁÙ°í ´õ »¡¸® ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» °³¹ßÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.</p>

    <p>Perl·Î CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ÀÛ¼ºÇÑ´Ù¸é <a
    href="http://www.cpan.org/">CPAN</a>¿¡¼­ °ü·Ã ¸ðµâµéÀ» ãÀ»
    ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. CGI °³¹ß¿¡ °¡Àå ³Î¸® »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ¸ðµâÀº
    <code>CGI.pm</code>ÀÌ´Ù. ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥¿¡ ÃæºÐÇÑ ÃÖ¼Ò
    ±â´ÉÀ» ±¸ÇöÇÑ <code>CGI::Lite</code>µµ °í·ÁÇØ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.</p>

    <p>C·Î CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ÀÛ¼ºÇÑ´Ù¸é ¼±ÅÃÀÇ ¿©Áö°¡ ¸¹´Ù. ÀÌÁß
    Çϳª°¡ <a
    href="http://www.boutell.com/cgic/">http://www.boutell.com/cgic/</a>¿¡
    ÀÖ´Â <code>CGIC</code> ¶óÀ̺귯¸®´Ù.</p>
  </section>

  <section id="moreinfo">
    <title>´õ ¸¹Àº Á¤º¸...</title>

    <p>À¥¿¡ ¸Å¿ì ¸¹Àº CGI Á¤º¸°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ´º½º±×·ì <a
    href="news:comp.infosystems.www.authoring.cgi"
    >comp.infosystems.www.authoring.cgi</a>¿¡¼­ ¿©·¯ »ç¶÷µé°ú
    CGI ¹®Á¦¸¦ ³íÀÇÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. HTML Writers GuildÀÇ -servers
    ¸ÞÀϸµ¸®½ºÆ®´Â Áú¹®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´äÀ» ã±â¿¡ ÈǸ¢ÇÑ Àå¼Ò´Ù. <a
    href="http://www.hwg.org/lists/hwg-servers/"
    >http://www.hwg.org/lists/hwg-servers/</a>¿¡¼­ ´õ ¸¹Àº °ÍÀ»
    ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.</p>

    <p>±×¸®°í ¹°·Ð CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ µ¿ÀÛ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¸ðµç ³»¿ëÀ» ¼³¸íÇÑ
    CGI ±Ô¾àÀ» Àоî¾ß ÇÒÁöµµ ¸ð¸¥´Ù. <a
    href="http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu/cgi/interface.html">NCSA</a>¿¡
    ¿øº» ¹®¼­°¡ ÀÖ°í, ¼öÁ¤ÇÑ ÃʾÈÀº <a
    href="http://web.golux.com/coar/cgi/">Common Gateway Interface
    RFC ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®</a>¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù.</p>

    <p>¸ÞÀϸµ¸®½ºÆ®³ª ´º½º±×·ì¿¡ ÇöÀç °Ý°í ÀÖ´Â CGI ¹®Á¦¿¡ ´ëÇØ
    Áú¹®ÇÒ¶§´Â ¹ß»ýÇÑ Çö»ó°ú ¿ø·¡ ±â´ëÇÑ °á°ú, ½ÇÁ¦·Î ¹ß»ýÇÑ
    Çö»óÀÌ ¾î¶»°Ô ´Ù¸¥Áö, »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ¼­¹ö, CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ÀÛ¼ºÇÑ
    ¾ð¾î, °¡´ÉÇϸé ÇØ´ç Äڵ带 ÀÚ¼¼È÷ Àû¾î¶ó. ±×·¯¸é ÇØ°áÃ¥À»
    ã±â ½¬¿öÁø´Ù.</p>

    <p>¾ÆÆÄÄ¡ ¼Ò½ºÄڵ尡 À߸øµÇ¾ú´Ù°í È®½ÅÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ÇÑ CGI Áú¹®À»
    ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡ ¹ö±× µ¥ÀÌÅͺ£À̽º¿¡ ¿Ã¸®¸é <strong>Àý´ë·Î</strong>
    ¾ÈµÈ´Ù.</p>
  </section>
</manualpage>