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8 <title>Apache 的处理器 - Apache HTTP 服务器</title>
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17 <p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">模块</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">指令</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">常见问题</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">术语</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">网站导航</a></p>
18 <p class="apache">Apache HTTP 服务器版本 2.5</p>
19 <img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
20 <div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
22 <a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP 服务器</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">文档</a> > <a href="./">版本 2.5</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Apache 的处理器</h1>
24 <p><span>可用语言: </span><a href="./en/handler.html" hreflang="en" rel="alternate" title="English"> en </a> |
25 <a href="./es/handler.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> |
26 <a href="./fr/handler.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> |
27 <a href="./ja/handler.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
28 <a href="./ko/handler.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
29 <a href="./tr/handler.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a> |
30 <a href="./zh-cn/handler.html" title="Simplified Chinese"> zh-cn </a></p>
32 <div class="outofdate">此翻译可能过期。要了解最近的更改,请阅读英文版。</div>
34 <p>本页描述 Apache 处理器的用法。</p>
36 <div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#definition">什么是处理器</a></li>
37 <li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#examples">例子</a></li>
38 <li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#programmer">对程序员的说明</a></li>
39 </ul><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">评论</a></li></ul></div>
40 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
42 <h2><a name="definition" id="definition">什么是处理器</a></h2>
44 <table class="related"><tr><th>相关模块</th><th>相关指令</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_actions.html">mod_actions</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_asis.html">mod_asis</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_imagemap.html">mod_imagemap</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_info.html">mod_info</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html">mod_mime</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_status.html">mod_status</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_actions.html#action">Action</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#addhandler">AddHandler</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#removehandler">RemoveHandler</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#sethandler">SetHandler</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
47 <p>“处理器”是当文件被调用时,Apache 要执行的动作的内部表示形式。
48 一般来说,每个文件都有基于其文件类型的隐式处理器。通常的文件会被
49 服务器简单处理,但是某些文件类型会被分别“处理”。</p>
51 <p>处理器也可以被基于扩展名或位置来明确配置。它们都很有用,这不仅
52 因为它是优雅的方案,而且还允许类型<strong>与</strong>处理器关联到文件
53 (参见<a href="mod/mod_mime.html#multipleext">文件与多个扩展名</a>)。</p>
55 <p>处理器可以编译到服务器中,或者包含在模块中,它们还可以被 <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_actions.html#action">Action</a></code> 指令增加。标准发行版中内置的处理器有:</p>
58 <li><strong>default-handler</strong>: 使用
59 <code>default_handler()</code> 发送文件,它是用来处理静态内容的处理器(核心)。</li>
61 <li><strong>send-as-is</strong>: 直接发送,不增加 HTTP 头(<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_asis.html">mod_asis</a></code>)。</li>
63 <li><strong>cgi-script</strong>: 按 CGI 脚本处理(<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code>)。</li>
65 <li><strong>imap-file</strong>: 按 imagemap 规则处理(<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_imagemap.html">mod_imagemap</a></code>)。</li>
67 <li><strong>server-info</strong>: 取得服务器配置信息(<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_info.html">mod_info</a></code>)。</li>
69 <li><strong>server-status</strong>: 取得服务器状态报告(<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_status.html">mod_status</a></code>)。</li>
71 <li><strong>type-map</strong>: 用于内容协商,按类型映射文件处理(<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code>)。</li>
73 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
75 <h2><a name="examples" id="examples">例子</a></h2>
78 <h3><a name="example1" id="example1">使用 CGI 脚本修改静态内容</a></h3>
81 <p>下面的指令将会使具有<code>html</code>扩展名的文件,触发 CGI 脚本<code>footer.pl</code>的执行。</p>
83 <div class="example"><p><code>
84 Action add-footer /cgi-bin/footer.pl<br />
85 AddHandler add-footer .html
88 <p>于是 CGI 负责发送请求的文档(<code>PATH_TRANSLATED</code> 环境变量指向它),按照需要作出 and making
89 whatever modifications or additions are desired.</p>
92 <h3><a name="example2" id="example2">含有 HTTP 头的文件</a></h3>
96 <code>send-as-is</code> 处理器,用于包含自己的 HTTP 的文件。不管什么扩展名,
97 所有位于 <code>/web/htdocs/asis/</code> 目录的文件会被
98 <code>send-as-is</code> 处理器处理。</p>
100 <div class="example"><p><code>
101 <Directory /web/htdocs/asis><br />
102 SetHandler send-as-is<br />
107 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
108 <div class="section">
109 <h2><a name="programmer" id="programmer">对程序员的说明</a></h2>
112 <p>为了实现处理器特性,增加了需要使用的 <a href="developer/API.html">Apache API</a>。
113 特别的,结构 <code>request_rec</code> 增加了新成员:</p>
115 <div class="example"><p><code>
119 <p>如果你想要模块实现处理器,只需要在在处理请求,调用 <code>invoke_handler</code>
120 之前,将 <code>r->handler</code> 指向处理器名称。处理器的实现与以前一样,只是用处理器名称取代了内容类型。
121 虽然不是必要,处理器的命名约定是使用破折号分割的单词,没有斜杠,从而不侵入媒体类型名称空间。</p>
123 <div class="bottomlang">
124 <p><span>可用语言: </span><a href="./en/handler.html" hreflang="en" rel="alternate" title="English"> en </a> |
125 <a href="./es/handler.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> |
126 <a href="./fr/handler.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> |
127 <a href="./ja/handler.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
128 <a href="./ko/handler.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
129 <a href="./tr/handler.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a> |
130 <a href="./zh-cn/handler.html" title="Simplified Chinese"> zh-cn </a></p>
131 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img src="./images/up.gif" alt="top" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a id="comments_section" name="comments_section">评论</a></h2><div class="warning"><strong>Notice:</strong><br />This is not a Q&A section. Comments placed here should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation or server, and may be removed again by our moderators if they are either implemented or considered invalid/off-topic. Questions on how to manage the Apache HTTP Server should be directed at either our IRC channel, #httpd, on Freenode, or sent to our <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/lists.html">mailing lists</a>.</div>
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