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10 <title>Apache's Handler Use - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.5</title>
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20 <p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.5</p>
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24 <a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.5</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Apache's Handler Use</h1>
26 <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/handler.html" title="English"> en </a> |
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35 <p>This document describes the use of Apache's Handlers.</p>
37 <div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#definition">What is a Handler</a></li>
38 <li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#examples">Examples</a></li>
39 <li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#programmer">Programmer's Note</a></li>
40 </ul><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
41 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
43 <h2><a name="definition" id="definition">What is a Handler</a></h2>
45 <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_actions.html">mod_actions</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_asis.html">mod_asis</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_imagemap.html">mod_imagemap</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_info.html">mod_info</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html">mod_mime</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_status.html">mod_status</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_actions.html#action">Action</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#addhandler">AddHandler</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#removehandler">RemoveHandler</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#sethandler">SetHandler</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
48 <p>A "handler" is an internal Apache representation of the
49 action to be performed when a file is called. Generally, files
50 have implicit handlers, based on the file type. Normally, all
51 files are simply served by the server, but certain file types
52 are "handled" separately.</p>
54 <p>Handlers may also be configured explicitly,
55 based on either filename extensions or on location,
56 without relation to file type. This is
57 advantageous both because it is a more elegant solution, and
58 because it also allows for both a type <strong>and</strong> a
59 handler to be associated with a file. (See also <a href="mod/mod_mime.html#multipleext">Files with Multiple
62 <p>Handlers can either be built into the server or included in
63 a module, or they can be added with the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_actions.html#action">Action</a></code> directive. The
64 built-in handlers in the standard distribution are as
68 <li><strong>default-handler</strong>: Send the file using the
69 <code>default_handler()</code>, which is the handler used by
70 default to handle static content. (core)</li>
72 <li><strong>send-as-is</strong>: Send file with HTTP headers
73 as is. (<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_asis.html">mod_asis</a></code>)</li>
75 <li><strong>cgi-script</strong>: Treat the file as a CGI
76 script. (<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code>)</li>
78 <li><strong>imap-file</strong>: Parse as an imagemap rule
79 file. (<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_imagemap.html">mod_imagemap</a></code>)</li>
81 <li><strong>server-info</strong>: Get the server's
82 configuration information. (<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_info.html">mod_info</a></code>)</li>
84 <li><strong>server-status</strong>: Get the server's status
85 report. (<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_status.html">mod_status</a></code>)</li>
87 <li><strong>type-map</strong>: Parse as a type map file for
88 content negotiation. (<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code>)</li>
90 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
92 <h2><a name="examples" id="examples">Examples</a></h2>
95 <h3><a name="example1" id="example1">Modifying static content using a CGI script</a></h3>
98 <p>The following directives will cause requests for files with
99 the <code>html</code> extension to trigger the launch of the
100 <code>footer.pl</code> CGI script.</p>
102 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Action add-footer /cgi-bin/footer.pl
103 AddHandler add-footer .html</pre>
106 <p>Then the CGI script is responsible for sending the
107 originally requested document (pointed to by the
108 <code>PATH_TRANSLATED</code> environment variable) and making
109 whatever modifications or additions are desired.</p>
112 <h3><a name="example2" id="example2">Files with HTTP headers</a></h3>
115 <p>The following directives will enable the
116 <code>send-as-is</code> handler, which is used for files which
117 contain their own HTTP headers. All files in the
118 <code>/web/htdocs/asis/</code> directory will be processed by
119 the <code>send-as-is</code> handler, regardless of their
120 filename extensions.</p>
122 <pre class="prettyprint lang-config"><Directory "/web/htdocs/asis">
123 SetHandler send-as-is
124 </Directory></pre>
128 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
129 <div class="section">
130 <h2><a name="programmer" id="programmer">Programmer's Note</a></h2>
133 <p>In order to implement the handler features, an addition has
134 been made to the <a href="developer/API.html">Apache API</a> that
135 you may wish to make use of. Specifically, a new record has
136 been added to the <code>request_rec</code> structure:</p>
138 <pre class="prettyprint lang-c">char *handler</pre>
141 <p>If you wish to have your module engage a handler, you need
142 only to set <code>r->handler</code> to the name of the
143 handler at any time prior to the <code>invoke_handler</code>
144 stage of the request. Handlers are implemented as they were
145 before, albeit using the handler name instead of a content
146 type. While it is not necessary, the naming convention for
147 handlers is to use a dash-separated word, with no slashes, so
148 as to not invade the media type name-space.</p>
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158 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img src="./images/up.gif" alt="top" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a id="comments_section" name="comments_section">Comments</a></h2><div class="warning"><strong>Notice:</strong><br />This is not a Q&A section. Comments placed here should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation or server, and may be removed again by our moderators if they are either implemented or considered invalid/off-topic. Questions on how to manage the Apache HTTP Server should be directed at either our IRC channel, #httpd, on Freenode, or sent to our <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/lists.html">mailing lists</a>.</div>
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