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[apache] / docs / manual / dns-caveats.xml.ko

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<manualpage metafile="dns-caveats.xml.meta">

  <title>DNS¿Í ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ »çÇ×</title>

  <summary>
    <p>ÀÌ ¹®¼­¸¦ ÇÑ ¹®ÀåÀ¸·Î ¿ä¾àÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡°¡ ¼³Á¤ÆÄÀÏÀ»
    ÀÐÀ»¶§ DNS¸¦ ÀÇÁ¸ÇÏÁö¾Êµµ·Ï Ç϶ó. ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡°¡ ¼³Á¤ÆÄÀÏÀ» Àдµ¥
    DNS°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù¸é ¼­¹ö´Â ½Å·Ú¼º ¹®Á¦ (½ÃÀÛÀÌ ¾ÈµÉ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù)
    ȤÀº ¼­ºñ½º°ÅºÎ °ø°Ý°ú (»ç¿ëÀÚ°¡ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¿ëÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¢±ÙÀ»
    °¡·Îä´Â °ÍÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ¿©) ¼­ºñ½ºµµµÏ(theft of service) °ø°Ý¿¡
    ½Ã´Þ¸± ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.</p>
  </summary>

  <section id="example">
    <title>°£´ÜÇÑ ¿¹Á¦</title>

    <example>
      &lt;VirtualHost www.abc.dom&gt; <br />
      ServerAdmin webgirl@abc.dom <br />
      DocumentRoot /www/abc <br />
      &lt;/VirtualHost&gt;
    </example>

    <p>¾ÆÆÄÄ¡°¡ Á¤»óÀûÀ¸·Î µ¿ÀÛÇϱâÀ§Çؼ­´Â °¢ °¡»óÈ£½ºÆ®¿¡
    ´ëÇØ µÎ°¡Áö Á¤º¸°¡ Àý´ëÀûÀ¸·Î ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. ÀÌ Á¤º¸´Â
    <directive module="core">ServerName</directive>°ú ¼­¹ö°¡
    ±â´Ù¸®°í ÀÀ´äÇÒ ÃÖ¼Ò ÇÑ°³ÀÇ IP ÁÖ¼ÒÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ¿¹´Â IP ÁÖ¼Ò°¡
    ¾ø±â¶§¹®¿¡, ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡´Â DNS¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© <code>www.abc.dom</code>ÀÇ
    ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ ã¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¼­¹ö°¡ ¼³Á¤ÆÄÀÏÀ» ÀÐÀ»¶§ ¾î¶² ÀÌÀ¯¿¡¼­°Ç
    DNS¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù¸é °¡»óÈ£½ºÆ®¸¦ <strong>¸¸µé ¼ö ¾ø´Ù</strong>.
    ÀÌ °¡»óÈ£½ºÆ®´Â ¿äû¿¡ ÀÀ´äÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. (¾ÆÆÄÄ¡ 1.2 ÀÌÀü
    ¹öÀü¿¡¼­´Â ½ÉÁö¾î ¼­¹ö°¡ ºÎÆõµ ¾ÈÇÑ´Ù.)</p>

    <p><code>www.abc.dom</code>ÀÇ ÁÖ¼Ò°¡ 192.0.2.1À̶ó°í °¡Á¤ÇÏÀÚ.
    ±×¸®°í ´ÙÀ½ ¼³Á¤À» º¸¶ó:</p>

    <example>
      &lt;VirtualHost 192.0.2.1&gt; <br />
      ServerAdmin webgirl@abc.dom <br />
      DocumentRoot /www/abc <br />
      &lt;/VirtualHost&gt;
    </example>

    <p>ÀÌÁ¦ ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡´Â ÀÌ °¡»óÈ£½ºÆ®ÀÇ <code>ServerName</code>À»
    ã±âÀ§ÇØ ¿ªDNS¸¦ »ç¿ëÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¿ªÃ£±â°¡ ½ÇÆÐÇÏ¸é ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡´Â
    °¡»óÈ£½ºÆ®¸¦ ºÎºÐÀûÀ¸·Î ²ö´Ù. (¾ÆÆÄÄ¡ 1.2 ÀÌÀü ¹öÀü¿¡¼­´Â
    ½ÉÁö¾î ¼­¹ö°¡ ºÎÆõµ ¾ÈÇÑ´Ù.) Áï, ÀÌ °æ¿ì À̸§±â¹Ý
    °¡»óÈ£½ºÆ®¶ó¸é °¡»óÈ£½ºÆ®´Â ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ µ¿ÀÛÇÏÁö¾Ê°í, ip±â¹ÝÀ̶ó¸é
    ´ëºÎºÐ µ¿ÀÛÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡°¡ ¼­¹ö¸íÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ¿© ¼­¹öÀÇ
    Àüü URLÀ» ¸¸µé¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù¸é Á¤»óÀûÀÎ URLÀ» ¸¸µéÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù.</p>

    <p>¾Æ·¡ °æ¿ì ÀÌ µÎ°¡Áö ¹®Á¦°¡ ¾ø´Ù.</p>

    <example>
      &lt;VirtualHost 192.0.2.1&gt; <br />
      ServerName www.abc.dom <br />
      ServerAdmin webgirl@abc.dom <br />
      DocumentRoot /www/abc <br />
      &lt;/VirtualHost&gt;
    </example>
  </section>

  <section id="denial">
    <title>¼­ºñ½º°ÅºÎ (Denial of Service)</title>

    <p>(ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑ) µÎ°¡Áö Á¾·ùÀÇ ¼­ºñ½º°ÅºÎ°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
    ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡ 1.2 ÀÌÀü ¹öÀüÀÇ °æ¿ì ¾î¶² °¡»óÈ£½ºÆ®¿¡¼­¶óµµ
    À§¿¡¼­ ¸»ÇÑ µÎ DNS °Ë»öÀÌ ½ÇÆÐÇÏ¸é ¼­¹ö°¡ ÄÑÁöÁöµµ ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
    DNS°¡ ´ç½ÅÀÇ ±ÇÇÑ ¹ÛÀÇ ¹®Á¦ÀÏ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î,
    <code>abc.dom</code>ÀÌ °í°´ »çÀÌÆ®ÀÌ°í °í°´ÀÌ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ DNS¸¦
    °ü¸®ÇÑ´Ù¸é, <code>www.abc.dom</code> ·¹Äڵ带 Áö¿ì±â¸¸ Çصµ
    (1.2 ÀÌÀü) ¼­¹ö´Â ½ÃÀÛÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù.</p>

    <p>ÈξÀ ´õ ±³È°ÇÑ ¹æ¹ýµµ ÀÖ´Ù. ´ÙÀ½ ¼³Á¤À» »ìÆ캸ÀÚ:</p>

    <example>
      &lt;VirtualHost www.abc.dom&gt; <br />
      &nbsp;&nbsp;ServerAdmin webgirl@abc.dom <br />
      &nbsp;&nbsp;DocumentRoot /www/abc <br />
      &lt;/VirtualHost&gt; <br />
      <br />
      &lt;VirtualHost www.def.dom&gt; <br />
      &nbsp;&nbsp;ServerAdmin webguy@def.dom <br />
      &nbsp;&nbsp;DocumentRoot /www/def <br />
      &lt;/VirtualHost&gt;
    </example>

    <p>´ç½ÅÀÌ <code>www.abc.dom</code>¿¡ 192.0.2.1,
    <code>www.def.dom</code>¿¡ 192.0.2.2¸¦ ÇÒ´çÇß´Ù°í ÇÏÀÚ.
    ¶Ç, <code>def.dom</code>Àº ÀÚü DNS¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù°í °¡Á¤ÇÏÀÚ.
    ÀÌ ¼³Á¤°ú ÇÔ²² <code>def.dom</code>À» <code>abc.dom</code>À¸·Î
    °¡´Â ¸ðµç Åë½ÅÀ» °¡·Îç ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Àå¼Ò¿¡ µÎ¾ú´Ù. ±×·¸´Ù¸é ±×µéÀº
    <code>www.def.dom</code>À» 192.0.2.1·Î ¼³Á¤Çϱ⸸ ÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù.
    ±×µéÀÌ ÀÚü DNS¸¦ »ç¿ëÇϱ⶧¹®¿¡ ´ç½ÅÀº ±×µéÀÌ ¿øÇϴµ¥·Î
    <code>www.def.dom</code> ·¹Äڵ带 ¼³Á¤ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ¸·À» ¼ö
    ¾ø´Ù.</p>

    <p>(»ç¿ëÀÚ°¡ <code>http://www.abc.dom/whatever</code> Çü½ÄÀÇ
    URLÀ» ÀÔ·ÂÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ¿©) 192.0.2.1·Î ¿À´Â ¸ðµç ¿äûÀ»
    <code>def.dom</code> °¡»óÈ£½ºÆ®°¡ ¼­ºñ½ºÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. ¿Ö ÀÌ·±
    ÀÏÀÌ ÀϾ´ÂÁö ÀÌÇØÇÏ·Á¸é ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡°¡ ¾î¶»°Ô °¡»óÈ£½ºÆ®·Î
    ¿À´Â ¿äûÀ» ó¸®ÇÏ´ÂÁö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼³¸íÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù.
    <a href="vhosts/details.html">¿©±â</a>¿¡ ´ë°­ ¼³¸íµÇÀÖ´Ù.</p>
  </section>

  <section id="main">
    <title>"ÁÖ¼­¹ö" ÁÖ¼Ò</title>

    <p>¾ÆÆÄÄ¡ 1.1¿¡¼­ <a href="vhosts/name-based.html">À̸§±â¹Ý
    °¡»óÈ£½ºÆ® Áö¿ø</a>ÀÌ Æ÷ÇԵǾú±â¶§¹®¿¡ ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡´Â À¥¼­¹ö¸¦
    ½ÇÇàÇϴ ȣ½ºÆ®ÀÇ IP ÁÖ¼Ò(µé)¸¦ ¾Ë ÇÊ¿ä°¡ »ý°å´Ù. ÀÌ ÁÖ¼Ò´Â
    (ÀÖ´Ù¸é) Àü¿ª <directive module="core">ServerName</directive>
    ȤÀº C ÇÔ¼ö <code>gethostname</code>À¸·Î (¸í·ÉÇÁ·ÒÇÁÆ®¿¡
    "hostname"À» ÀÔ·ÂÇßÀ»¶§¿Í °°Àº °á°ú) ¾ò´Â´Ù. ±×·¯¸é ÀÌ ÁÖ¼Ò·Î
    DNS °Ë»öÀ» ÇÑ´Ù. ÇöÀç ÀÌ °Ë»öÀº ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.</p>

    <p>DNS ¼­¹ö°¡ Á׾ ÀÌ °Ë»öÀÌ ½ÇÆÐÇÒ °Í °°´Ù¸é
    <code>/etc/hosts</code>¿¡ È£½ºÆ®¸íÀ» Áý¾î³ÖÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
    (ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ°¡ Á¤»óÀûÀ¸·Î ºÎÆõǾú´Ù¸é ¾Æ¸¶ ÀÌ¹Ì µé¾îÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.)
    ±×¸®°í DNS°¡ ½ÇÆÐÇÏ¸é ¼­¹ö°¡ <code>/etc/hosts</code>¸¦
    »ç¿ëÇÏ´ÂÁö È®ÀÎÇ϶ó. »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ¿î¿µÃ¼Á¦¿¡ µû¶ó
    <code>/etc/resolv.conf</code> ȤÀº <code>/etc/nsswitch.conf</code>¸¦
    ¼öÁ¤ÇÏ¸é µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.</p>

    <p>¼­¹ö°¡ ¾î¶² ÀÌÀ¯¿¡¼­°Ç DNS¸¦ °Ë»öÇÏ¸é ¾ÈµÈ´Ù¸é
    <code>HOSTRESORDER</code> ȯ°æº¯¼ö¸¦ "local"·Î ¼³Á¤ÇÏ°í
    ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡¸¦ ½ÇÇàÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. <module>mod_env</module>¸¦
    »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ȯ°æÀ» º¯°æÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù¸é ÀÌ È¯°æº¯¼ö´Â
    CGI¿¡µµ ¿µÇâÀ» ÁØ´Ù. ¿î¿µÃ¼Á¦ÀÇ manpage³ª FAQ¸¦ Âü°íÇÏ´Â
    °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ´Ù.</p>
  </section>

  <section id="tips">
    <title>ÀÌ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÇÇÇϱâÀ§ÇÑ ÆÁ</title>

    <ul>
      <li>
        <directive module="core">VirtualHost</directive>¿¡ IP
        ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ »ç¿ëÇ϶ó
      </li>

      <li>
        <directive module="mpm_common">Listen</directive>¿¡
        IP ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ »ç¿ëÇ϶ó
      </li>

      <li>
        ¸ðµç °¡»óÈ£½ºÆ®´Â ¸í½ÃÀûÀ¸·Î
        <directive module="core">ServerName</directive>À»
        °¡Áö°Ô Ç϶ó
      </li>

      <li>¾î¶² ÆäÀÌÁöµµ ¼­ºñ½ºÇÏÁö¾Ê´Â
      <code>&lt;VirtualHost _default_:*&gt;</code> ¼­¹ö¸¦
      ¸¸µé¾î¶ó</li>
    </ul>
  </section>

  <section id="appendix">
    <title>ºÎ·Ï: ¾ÕÀ¸·Î´Â</title>

    <p>DNS¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ »óȲÀº ¸Å¿ì ¹Ù¶÷Á÷ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ´Ù. ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡ 1.2¿¡¼­
    ¿ì¸®´Â DNS°¡ ½ÇÆÐÇÑ °æ¿ì¿¡µµ ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑ ¼­¹ö°¡ ÄÑÁöµµ·Ï ³ë·ÂÇßÁö¸¸
    °á°ú´Â ³ª»¦´Ù. ¾î·µç ¼³Á¤ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ Á÷Á¢ IP ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ ¿ä±¸ÇÏ´Â
    °ÍÀº ¹øÈ£¸¦ ´Ù½Ã ¼³Á¤ÇؾßÇÒ ¿äÁò ÀÎÅͳݿ¡ ¸Å¿ì ¹Ù¶÷Á÷ÇÏÁö
    ¸øÇÏ´Ù.</p>

    <p>À§¿¡¼­ ¼³¸íÇÑ ¼­ºñ½ºµµµÏ °ø°ÝÀ» ¸·´Â ÇÑ°¡Áö ¹æ¹ýÀº °Ë»öÇÑ
    IP ÁÖ¼Ò¿¡ ´Ù½Ã ¿ªDNS °Ë»öÀ» ÇÏ¿© µÎ À̸§À» ºñ±³ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
    ¼­·Î ´Ù¸¥ °æ¿ì °¡»óÈ£½ºÆ®¸¦ °¡µ¿ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ¹æ¹ýÀº
    ¿ªDNS°¡ ¿Ã¹Ù·Î ¼³Á¤µÇ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. (FTP ¼­¹ö³ª TCP wrapper°¡
    "Áߺ¹-¿ª" DNS °Ë»öÀ» ÀÚÁÖ »ç¿ëÇϱ⶧¹®¿¡ ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ °ü¸®ÀÚ¿¡°Ô
    Àͼ÷ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.)</p>

    <p>¾î·µç IP ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏÁö¾ÊÀ¸¸é DNS°¡ ½ÇÆÐÇÑ °æ¿ì °¡»óÈ£½ºÆ®
    À¥¼­¹ö¸¦ ¹ÏÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô ½ÃÀÛÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ¼³Á¤ÀÇ ÀϺθ¦ ¹«½ÃÇÏ´Â
    °Í°ú °°Àº ºÎºÐÀûÀÎ ÇØ°áÃ¥Àº À¥¼­¹ö Àüü¸¦ ½ÃÀÛÇÏÁö¾Ê´Â °Íº¸´Ù
    ´õ ³ª»Ü ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù.</p>

    <p>HTTP/1.1ÀÌ ³ª¿Ô°í ºê¶ó¿ìÀú¿Í ÇÁ·Ï½Ã°¡ <code>Host</code>
    Çì´õ¸¦ º¸³»±â ½ÃÀÛÇßÀ¸¹Ç·Î IP±â¹Ý °¡»óÈ£½ºÆ®¸¦ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷
    »ç¿ëÇÏÁö¾Ê´Â °ÍÀÌ °¡´ÉÇØÁú °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯¸é À¥¼­¹ö´Â ¼³Á¤Áß¿¡¼­
    DNS °Ë»öÀ» ÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ¾ø¾îÁø´Ù. ±×·¯³ª 1997³â 3¿ù¿¡´Â Áß¿äÇÑ
    À¥¼­¹ö¿¡ Æ÷ÇÔÇÒ Á¤µµ·Î À̸§±â¹Ý °¡»óÈ£½ºÆ®°¡ ³Î¸® »ç¿ëµÇÁö
    ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.</p>
  </section>
</manualpage>