2 $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/release.sgml,v 1.215 2003/10/22 05:09:12 momjian Exp $
5 <appendix id="release">
6 <title>Release Notes</title>
8 <sect1 id="release-devel">
9 <title>Release 7.4</title>
13 Below is a subset of the changes that have gone into the
14 development branch of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> since
15 version 7.3. For a complete list of changes, consult the CVS logs.
18 Developers: When you add a feature, mention it here. This avoids
19 lossiness when digging out the information from the CVS logs, and
20 furthermore it advertises your feature to external parties at the
21 earliest possible moment.
23 CDATA means the content is "SGML-free", so you can write without
24 worries about funny characters.
26 <literallayout><![CDATA[
29 <sect2><title>Overview</title>
30 <para> Major changes in this release:
33 <glossentry> <glossterm> IPv6</glossterm>
35 <glossdef><para> Full support for IPv6 connections and IPv6 address
36 data types</para></glossdef>
39 <glossentry><glossterm> SSL</glossterm>
41 <glossdef><para> Major improvements in SSL performance and
42 reliability</para></glossdef>
45 <glossentry><glossterm> Index Growth Prevention</glossterm>
47 <glossdef><para> Allow free space map to efficiently reuse empty index
48 pages, and other free space management improvements.</para></glossdef>
51 <glossentry><glossterm> Standards Compliance</glossterm>
53 <glossdef><para> Implement information schema Support for read-only
56 <para>Make cursors comply more closely with the SQL standard
61 <glossentry><glossterm> New Client/Server Communication
64 <glossdef><para> New protocol improves connection speed/reliability,
65 and adds error codes, status information, a binary protocol, error
66 reporting verbosity, and cleaner startup packets.</para></glossdef>
69 <glossentry><glossterm> Performance</glossterm>
71 <glossdef><para> IN/NOT IN subqueries now perform as efficiently as
74 <para> Improved GROUP BY processing by using hash buckets</para>
76 <para> New multi-key hash join capability</para>
78 <para> ANSI joins are now better optimized</para>
80 <para> Faster and more powerful regular expression code</para>
82 <para> Function-inlining for simple SQL functions</para></glossdef>
85 <glossentry><glossterm> Holdable Cursors</glossterm>
87 <glossdef><para> Allow cursors to exist outside transactions
91 <glossentry><glossterm> Threads</glossterm>
93 <glossdef><para> libpq and ecpg are now fully thread-safe with
94 --enable-thread-safety</para></glossdef>
97 <glossentry><glossterm> Contrib</glossterm>
99 <glossdef><para> New version of full text indexing (tsearch2)</para>
101 <para> New autovacuum tool</para>
103 <para> Array handling has been improved and moved into the main
104 server</para></glossdef>
106 </glosslist></para></sect2>
108 <sect2><title> Migration to version 7.4</title>
110 <para> A dump/restore using <application>pg_dump</application> is
111 required for those wishing to migrate data from any previous release.</para>
113 <para> Observe the following incompatibilities:
115 <listitem><para> The server-side autocommit setting was removed and reimplemented
116 in client applications and languages.</para></listitem>
117 <listitem><para> Error message wording has changed substantially in this release,
118 and error codes have been added.</para></listitem>
119 <listitem><para> ANSI joins may behave differently because they are now better optimized</para></listitem>
120 <listitem><para> A number of server variables have been renamed for clarity</para></listitem>
121 <listitem><para> MOVE/FETCH 0 now does nothing; return value of MOVE/FETCH 1/0
122 varies based on the current offset in the cursor</para></listitem>
123 <listitem><para> COPY now can process carriage-return/line-feed and carriage-return
124 terminated files. Literal carriage-returns and line-feeds are no
125 longer accepted as data values; use \r and \n instead.</para></listitem>
126 <listitem><para> Trailing spaces are now trimmed when converting
127 from <type>CHAR(n)</type> to
128 <type>VARCHAR(n)</type> / <type>TEXT</type></para></listitem>
129 <listitem><para> <function>FLOAT(p)</function> now measures 'p' in bits, not digits</para></listitem>
130 <listitem><para> Ambiguous date values now must match the ordering specified by DateStyle</para></listitem>
131 <listitem><para> The <function>oidrand()</function>, <function>oidsrand()</function>,
132 and <function>userfntest()</function> functions have been removed.</para></listitem>
133 <listitem><para> <literal>'now'</literal> will no longer work as a column default; <function>now()</> or
134 <function>CURRENT_TIMESTAMP</> should be used instead</para></listitem>
135 <listitem><para> <literal>'today'</literal> will no longer work as a column default; <function>CURRENT_DATE</>
136 should be used instead</para></listitem>
137 <listitem><para> Dollar sign (<literal>$</>) is no longer allowed in operator names</para></listitem>
138 <listitem><para> Dollar sign (<literal>$</>) can be a non-first character in identifiers</para></listitem>
139 </itemizedlist></para></sect2>
141 <sect2> <title> Changes </title>
143 <sect3><title> Server Operation</title>
145 <listitem><para>Allow IPv6 server connections (Nigel Kukard, Johan Jordaan, Bruce, Tom, Kurt
146 Roeckx, Andrew Dunstan)</para></listitem>
147 <listitem><para>Fix SSL to handle errors cleanly (Nathan Mueller)</para></listitem>
148 <listitem><para>SSL protocol security and performance improvements (Sean Chittenden)</para></listitem>
149 <listitem><para>Print lock information when a deadlock is detected (Tom)</para></listitem>
150 <listitem><para>Update <filename>/tmp</filename> socket mod. times regularly to avoid their removal (Tom)</para></listitem>
151 <listitem><para>Enable PAM for MAC OS X (Aaron Hillegass)</para></listitem>
152 <listitem><para>Make btree indexes fully WAL-safe (Tom)</para></listitem>
153 <listitem><para>Allow btree index compaction and empty page reuse (Tom)</para></listitem>
154 <listitem><para>Fix inconsistent index lookups during split of first root page (Tom)</para></listitem>
155 <listitem><para>Improve free space map allocation logic (Tom)</para></listitem>
156 <listitem><para>Preserve free space information between postmaster restarts (Tom)</para></listitem>
157 <listitem><para>Set proper schema permissions in initdb (Peter)</para></listitem>
158 <listitem><para>Add start time to pg_stat_activity (Neil)</para></listitem>
159 <listitem><para>New code to detect corrupt disk pages; erase with zero_damaged_pages (Tom)</para></listitem>
160 <listitem><para>New client/server protocol: faster, no username length limit, allow
161 clean exit from COPY (Tom)</para></listitem>
162 <listitem><para>Add transaction status, tableid, columnid to backend protocol (Tom)</para></listitem>
163 <listitem><para>Add new binary I/O protocol (Tom)</para></listitem>
164 <listitem><para>Remove autocommit server setting; move to client applications (Tom)</para></listitem>
165 <listitem><para>New error message wording, error codes, and three levels of error detail (Tom)</para></listitem>
166 </itemizedlist></sect3>
168 <sect3><title>Performance</title>
172 <listitem><para>Add hashing for GROUP BY aggregates (Tom)</para></listitem>
173 <listitem><para>Allow nested loops to be smarter about multicolumn indexes (Tom)</para></listitem>
174 <listitem><para>Allow multi-key hash joins (Tom)</para></listitem>
175 <listitem><para>Improve constant folding (Tom)</para></listitem>
176 <listitem><para>Add ability to inline simple SQL functions (Tom)</para></listitem>
177 <listitem><para>Reduce memory usage for queries using complex functions (Tom)</para></listitem>
178 <listitem><para>Improve GEQO optimizer performance (Tom)</para></listitem>
179 <listitem><para>Allow IN/NOT IN to be handled via hash tables (Tom)</para></listitem>
180 <listitem><para>Improve NOT IN (subquery) performance (Tom)</para></listitem>
181 <listitem><para>Allow most IN subqueries to be processed as joins (Tom)</para></listitem>
182 <listitem><para>Allow the postmaster to preload libraries using preload_libraries (Joe)</para></listitem>
183 <listitem><para>Improve optimizer cost computations, particularly for subqueries (Tom)</para></listitem>
184 <listitem><para>Avoid sort when subquery ORDER BY matches upper query (Tom)</para></listitem>
185 <listitem><para>Assume WHERE a.x = b.y and b.y = 42 also means a.x = 42 (Tom)</para></listitem>
186 <listitem><para>Allow hash/merge joins on complex joins (Tom)</para></listitem>
187 <listitem><para>Allow hash joins for more data types (Tom)</para></listitem>
188 <listitem><para>Allow join optimization of ANSI joins, disable with join_collapse_limit (Tom)</para></listitem>
189 <listitem><para>Add from_collapse_limit to control conversion of subqueries to joins (Tom)</para></listitem>
190 <listitem><para>Use faster regular expression code from TCL (Henry Spencer, Tom)</para></listitem>
191 <listitem><para>Use bit-mapped relation sets in the optimizer (Tom)</para></listitem>
192 <listitem><para>Improve backend startup time (Tom)</para></listitem>
193 <listitem><para>Improve trigger/constraint performance (Stephan)</para></listitem>
194 <listitem><para>Improve speed of col IN (const, const, const, ...) (Tom)</para></listitem>
195 <listitem><para>Fix hash indexes which were broken in rare cases (Tom)</para></listitem>
196 <listitem><para>Improve hash index concurrency and speed (Tom)</para></listitem>
197 <listitem><para>Align shared buffers on 32-byte boundary for copy speed improvement (Manfred Spraul)</para></listitem>
198 </itemizedlist></sect3>
200 <sect3><title>Server Configuration</title>
203 <listitem><para>Rename server parameter server_min_messages to log_min_messages (Bruce)</para></listitem>
204 <listitem><para>Rename show_*_stats to log_*_stats (Bruce)</para></listitem>
205 <listitem><para>Rename show_source_port to log_source_port (Bruce)</para></listitem>
206 <listitem><para>Rename hostname_lookup to log_hostname (Bruce)</para></listitem>
207 <listitem><para>Add checkpoint_warning to warn of excessive checkpointing (Bruce)</para></listitem>
208 <listitem><para>New read-only server parameters for localization (Tom)</para></listitem>
209 <listitem><para>Change debug server log messages to output as DEBUG rather than LOG (Bruce)</para></listitem>
210 <listitem><para>Prevent server log variables from being turned off by non-super users (Bruce)</para></listitem>
211 <listitem><para>log_min_messages/client_min_messages now controls debug_* output (Bruce)</para></listitem>
212 <listitem><para>Add Rendezvous server support (Chris Campbell)</para></listitem>
213 <listitem><para>Add ability to print only slow statements using log_min_duration_statement
214 (Christopher)</para></listitem>
215 <listitem><para>Allow pg_hba.conf to accept netmasks in CIDR format (Andrew Dunstan)</para></listitem>
216 <listitem><para>New is_superuser read-only variable (Tom)</para></listitem>
217 <listitem><para>New server-side parameter log_error_verbosity to control error detail (Tom)</para></listitem>
218 <listitem><para>postgres --help-config now dumps server config variables (Aizaz Ahmed)</para></listitem>
219 <listitem><para>Make default shared_buffers 1000 and max_connections 100, if possible (Tom)</para></listitem>
220 <listitem><para>Add new columns in pg_settings: context, type, source , min_val, max_val (Joe)</para></listitem>
221 <listitem><para>New pg_hba.conf 'hostnossl' to prevent SSL connections (Jon Jensen)</para></listitem>
222 <listitem><para>Remove geqo_random_seed server parameter (Tom)</para></listitem>
223 </itemizedlist></sect3>
225 <sect3><title>Queries</title>
228 <listitem><para>New SQL-standard information schema (Peter)</para></listitem>
229 <listitem><para>Add read-only transactions (Peter)</para></listitem>
230 <listitem><para>Add server variable regex_flavor to control regular expression
231 processing (Tom)</para></listitem>
232 <listitem><para>Print key name and value in foreign-key violation messages (Dmitry Tkach)</para></listitem>
233 <listitem><para>Allow users to see their own queries in pg_stat_activity (Kevin Brown)</para></listitem>
234 <listitem><para>Fix subquery aggregates of upper query columns to match SQL spec. (Tom)</para></listitem>
235 <listitem><para>Add option to prevent auto-addition of tables referenced in query (Nigel J.
236 Andrews)</para></listitem>
237 <listitem><para>Allow UPDATE ... SET col = DEFAULT (Rod)</para></listitem>
238 <listitem><para>Allow expressions to be used in LIMIT/OFFSET (Tom)</para></listitem>
239 <listitem><para>Change EXECUTE INTO to CREATE TABLE AS EXECUTE (Peter)</para></listitem>
240 </itemizedlist></sect3>
242 <sect3><title>Object Manipulation</title>
245 <listitem><para>Make CREATE SEQUENCE grammar more SQL1999 standards compliant (Neil)</para></listitem>
246 <listitem><para>Add FOR EACH STATEMENT statement-level triggers (Neil)</para></listitem>
247 <listitem><para>Add DOMAIN CHECK constraints (Rod)</para></listitem>
248 <listitem><para>Add ALTER DOMAIN .. SET / DROP NOT NULL, SET / DROP DEFAULT, ADD / DROP
249 CONSTRAINT (Rod)</para></listitem>
250 <listitem><para>Fix several zero-column table bugs (Tom)</para></listitem>
251 <listitem><para>Have ALTER TABLE ... ADD PRIMARY KEY add NOT NULL constraint (Rod)</para></listitem>
252 <listitem><para>Add ALTER DOMAIN OWNER (Rod)</para></listitem>
253 <listitem><para>Add ALTER TABLE ... WITHOUT OIDS (Rod)</para></listitem>
254 <listitem><para>Add ALTER SEQUENCE to modify min/max/increment/cache/cycle values (Rod)</para></listitem>
255 <listitem><para>Add ALTER TABLE ... CLUSTER ON (Alvaro Herrera)</para></listitem>
256 <listitem><para>Improve DOMAIN automatic type casting (Rod, Tom)</para></listitem>
257 <listitem><para>Allow dollar signs in identifiers, except as first character (Tom)</para></listitem>
258 <listitem><para>Disallow dollar signs in operator names, so x=$1 works (Tom)</para></listitem>
259 <listitem><para>Allow SQL200X inheritance syntax LIKE <emphasis>subtable</emphasis>, INCLUDING DEFAULTS (Rod)</para></listitem>
260 <listitem><para>Add WITH GRANT OPTION clause to GRANT, per SQL spec (Peter)</para></listitem>
261 </itemizedlist></sect3>
263 <sect3><title>Utility Commands</title>
265 <listitem><para>Add ON COMMIT PRESERVE ROWS for temp tables (Gavin)</para></listitem>
266 <listitem><para>Allow cursors outside transactions using WITH HOLD (Neil)</para></listitem>
267 <listitem><para>Make MOVE/FETCH 0 actually move/fetch 0 (Bruce)</para></listitem>
268 <listitem><para>Cause FETCH 1 to return the current cursor row, or zero if at
269 beginning/end of cursor, per SQL spec (Bruce)</para></listitem>
270 <listitem><para>Have MOVE return 0 or 1 depending on cursor position (Bruce)</para></listitem>
271 <listitem><para>Properly handle SCROLL with cursors, or report an error (Neil)</para></listitem>
272 <listitem><para>Implement SQL92-compatible FIRST, LAST, ABSOLUTE n, RELATIVE n options
273 for FETCH and MOVE (Tom)</para></listitem>
274 <listitem><para>Allow EXPLAIN on DECLARE CURSOR (Tom)</para></listitem>
275 <listitem><para>Allow CLUSTER to use index marked as pre-clustered by default (Alvaro Herrera)</para></listitem>
276 <listitem><para>Allow CLUSTER to cluster all tables (Alvaro Herrera)</para></listitem>
277 <listitem><para>Prevent CLUSTER on partial indexes (Tom)</para></listitem>
278 <listitem><para>Allow \r and \r\n termination for COPY files (Bruce)</para></listitem>
279 <listitem><para>Disallow literal carriage return as a data value, backslash-carriage-return
280 and \r are still allowed (Bruce)</para></listitem>
281 <listitem><para>COPY changes (binary, \.)? (Tom)</para></listitem>
282 <listitem><para>Recover from COPY IN/OUT failure cleanly (Tom)</para></listitem>
283 <listitem><para>Prevent possible memory leaks in COPY (Tom)</para></listitem>
284 <listitem><para>Make TRUNCATE transaction-safe (Rod)</para></listitem>
285 <listitem><para>Multiple pg_dump fixes, including tar format and large objects</para></listitem>
286 <listitem><para>Allow pg_dump to dump specific schemas (Neil)</para></listitem>
287 <listitem><para>Allow pg_dump to preserve column storage characteristics (Christopher)</para></listitem>
288 <listitem><para>Allow pg_dump to preserve CLUSTER characteristics (Christopher)</para></listitem>
289 <listitem><para>Have pg_dumpall use GRANT/REVOKE to dump database-level permissions (Tom)</para></listitem>
290 <listitem><para>Allow pg_dumpall to support the -a, -s, -x options of pg_dump (Tom)</para></listitem>
291 <listitem><para>Prevent pg_dump from lowercasing identifiers specified on the command line (Tom)</para></listitem>
292 <listitem><para>Allow PREPARE/bind of utility commands like FETCH and EXPLAIN (Tom)</para></listitem>
293 <listitem><para>Add EXPLAIN EXECUTE (Neil)</para></listitem>
294 <listitem><para>Allow pg_get_constraintdef() to support UNIQUE, PRIMARY KEY and
295 CHECK constraints (Christopher)</para></listitem>
296 <listitem><para>Improve VACUUM performance on indexes by reducing WAL traffic (Tom)</para></listitem>
297 <listitem><para>Allow pg_ctl to better handle non-standard ports (Greg)</para></listitem>
298 <listitem><para>Functional indexes now support indexes on column expressions (Tom)</para></listitem>
299 <listitem><para>Syntax errors now reported as 'syntax error' rather than 'parse error' (Tom)</para></listitem>
300 <listitem><para>Have SHOW TRANSACTION_ISOLATION match input to SET TRANSACTION_ISOLATION (Tom)</para></listitem>
301 <listitem><para>Have COMMENT ON DATABASE on non-local database generate a warning (Rod)</para></listitem>
302 <listitem><para>Improve reliability of LISTEN/NOTIFY (Tom)</para></listitem>
303 <listitem><para>Allow REINDEX to reliably reindex non-shared system catalog indexes (Tom)</para></listitem>
304 <listitem><para>pg_dump --use-set-session-authorization and --no-reconnect now do nothing,
305 all dumps use SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION</para></listitem>
306 </itemizedlist></sect3>
309 <sect3><title>Data Types and Functions</title>
311 <listitem><para>New extra_float_digits server parameter to control float precision display
312 (Pedro Ferreira, Tom)</para></listitem>
313 <listitem><para>Allow +1300 as a numeric timezone specifier, for FJST (Tom)</para></listitem>
314 <listitem><para>Remove rarely used oidrand(), oidsrand(), and userfntest() functions (Neil)</para></listitem>
315 <listitem><para>Add md5() function to main server, already in /contrib/pgcrypto (Joe)</para></listitem>
316 <listitem><para>Increase date range of timestamp (John Cochran)</para></listitem>
317 <listitem><para>Change EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM timestamp) so timestamp without time zone
318 is assumed to be in local time, not GMT (Tom)</para></listitem>
319 <listitem><para>Trap division by zero in case the operating system doesn't prevent it (Tom)</para></listitem>
320 <listitem><para>Change the NUMERIC data type internally to base 10000 (Tom)</para></listitem>
321 <listitem><para>New hostmask() function (Greg Wickham)</para></listitem>
322 <listitem><para>Fixes for to_char() (Karel)</para></listitem>
323 <listitem><para>Allow functions that can take any argument data type and return
324 any data type, using ANYELEMENT and ANYARRAY (Joe)</para></listitem>
325 <listitem><para>Arrays may now be specified as ARRAY[1,2,3], ARRAY[['a','b'],['c','d']],
326 or ARRAY[ARRAY[ARRAY[2]]] (Joe)</para></listitem>
327 <listitem><para>Allow proper comparisons for arrays (Joe)</para></listitem>
328 <listitem><para>Allow array concatenation with '||' (Joe)</para></listitem>
329 <listitem><para>Allow indexes on array columns, and used in ORDER BY and DISTINCT (Joe)</para></listitem>
330 <listitem><para>Allow WHERE qualification 'expr >oper< ANY/SOME/ALL (array-expr)' (Joe)</para></listitem>
331 <listitem><para>Allow polymorphic SQL functions (Joe)</para></listitem>
332 <listitem><para>New array functions array_append(), array_cat(), array_lower(),
333 array_prepend(), array_to_string(), array_upper(), string_to_array() (Joe)</para></listitem>
334 <listitem><para>Allow user defined aggregates to use polymorphic functions (Joe)</para></listitem>
335 <listitem><para>Allow polymorphic user defined aggregates (Joe)</para></listitem>
336 <listitem><para>Allow assignments to empty arrays (Joe)</para></listitem>
337 <listitem><para>Allow 60 in seconds fields of timestamp, time, interval input values (Tom)</para></listitem>
338 <listitem><para>Allow CIDR data type to be cast to text (Tom)</para></listitem>
339 <listitem><para>Allow the creation of special LIKE indexes for non-C locales (Peter)</para></listitem>
340 <listitem><para>Disallow invalid timezone names (Tom)</para></listitem>
341 <listitem><para>Trim trailing spaces when CHAR() data is cast to VARCHAR or TEXT (Tom)</para></listitem>
342 <listitem><para>Make FLOAT(p) measure the precision p in bits, not decimal digits (Tom)</para></listitem>
343 <listitem><para>Add IPv6 support to the inet and cidr data types (Michael Graff)</para></listitem>
344 <listitem><para>Add family() function to report whether address is IPv4 or IPv6 (Michael Graff)</para></listitem>
345 <listitem><para>Have SHOW DATESTYLE generate output similar to that used by SET DATESTYLE (Tom)</para></listitem>
346 <listitem><para>Change DATESTYLE to output its value in a more common format (Tom)</para></listitem>
347 <listitem><para>Make EXTRACT(TIMEZONE) and SET/SHOW TIMEZONE follow the SQL convention
348 for the sign of timezone offsets, ie, positive is east from UTC (Tom)</para></listitem>
349 <listitem><para>Fix date_trunc('quarter',...) (B?jthe Zolt?n)</para></listitem>
350 <listitem><para>Make initcap() more compatible with Oracle (Mike Nolan)</para></listitem>
351 <listitem><para>Allow only DateStyle field order for date values not in ISO format (Greg)</para></listitem>
352 <listitem><para>Add new DateStyle values MDY, DMY, and YMD, honor US and European for
353 backward compatibility (Tom)</para></listitem>
354 <listitem><para>'now' will no longer work as a column default, use now() (change required for
355 prepared statements) (Tom)</para></listitem>
356 <listitem><para>Assume NaN value to be larger than any other value in MIN()/MAX() (Tom)</para></listitem>
357 <listitem><para>Prevent interval from suppressing ':00' seconds display</para></listitem>
358 <listitem><para>New pg_get_triggerdef(prettyprint) and pg_constraint_is_visible() functions</para></listitem>
359 <listitem><para>Allow time to be specified as '040506' or '0405' (Tom)</para></listitem>
360 </itemizedlist></sect3>
362 <sect3><title>Server-side Languages</title>
365 <listitem><para>Prevent PL/pgSQL crash when RETURN NEXT is used on a zero-row record var. (Tom)</para></listitem>
366 <listitem><para>Make PL/python's spi_execute interface handle NULLs properly (Andrew Bosma)</para></listitem>
367 <listitem><para>Allow PL/pgSQL to declare variables of composite types without %ROWTYPE (Tom)</para></listitem>
368 <listitem><para>Fix PL/python _quote() function to handle big integers (?)</para></listitem>
369 <listitem><para>Make PL/python an untrusted language, now called plpythonu (Kevin Jacobs, Tom)</para></listitem>
370 <listitem><para>Allow polymorphic PL/pgSQL functions (Tom, Joe)</para></listitem>
371 <listitem><para>Improved compiled function caching mechanism in PL/pgSQL with full
372 support for polymorphism (Joe)</para></listitem>
373 <listitem><para>Add new $0 parameter in PL/pgSQL representing the function's actual
374 return type (Joe)</para></listitem>
375 <listitem><para>Allow pltcl and plpython use the same trigger on multiple tables (Tom)</para></listitem>
376 <listitem><para>Fixed PL/Tcl's spi_prepare to accept full qualified type names in
377 the parameter type list (Jan)</para></listitem>
378 </itemizedlist></sect3>
380 <sect3><title>Psql</title>
383 <listitem><para>Add "\pset pager always" to always use pager (Greg)</para></listitem>
384 <listitem><para>Improve tab completion (Rod, Ross Reedstrom, Ian Barwick)</para></listitem>
385 <listitem><para>Reorder \? help into groupings (Harald Armin Massa, Bruce)</para></listitem>
386 <listitem><para>Add schema, cast, and conversion backslash commands (Christopher)</para></listitem>
387 <listitem><para>\encoding now changes based on client_encoding server variable (Tom)</para></listitem>
388 <listitem><para>Save edit history into readline history (Ross)</para></listitem>
389 <listitem><para>Improve \d display (Christopher)</para></listitem>
390 <listitem><para>Enhance HTML mode to be more standards-compliant (Greg)</para></listitem>
391 <listitem><para>New '\set AUTOCOMMIT off' capability (Tom)</para></listitem>
392 <listitem><para>New '\set VERBOSITY' to control error detail (Tom)</para></listitem>
393 <listitem><para>New %T prompt string to show transaction status (Tom)</para></listitem>
394 </itemizedlist></sect3>
396 <sect3><title>Libpq</title>
399 <listitem><para>Allow PQcmdTuples() to return row counts for MOVE and FETCH (Neil)</para></listitem>
400 <listitem><para>Add PQfreemem() for freeing memory on Win32, suggest for NOTIFY (Bruce)</para></listitem>
401 <listitem><para>Document service capability, and add sample file (Bruce)</para></listitem>
402 <listitem><para>Make PQsetdbLogin() have the same defaults as PQconnectdb() (Tom)</para></listitem>
403 <listitem><para>Allow libpq to cleanly fail when result sets are too large (Tom)</para></listitem>
404 <listitem><para>Improve performance of PGunescapeBytea() (Ben Lamb)</para></listitem>
405 <listitem><para>Allow thread-safe libpq with --enable-thread-safety (Lee Kindness, Philip Yarra)</para></listitem>
406 <listitem><para>Allow pqInternalNotice() to accept a format string and args instead of
407 just a preformatted message (Tom, Sean Chittenden)</para></listitem>
408 <listitem><para>Allow control SSL negotiation with sslmode values "disable", "allow",
409 "Prefer", and "require" (Jon Jensen)</para></listitem>
410 <listitem><para>Allow new error codes and levels of text (Tom)</para></listitem>
411 <listitem><para>Allow access to the underlying table and column of a query result (Tom)</para></listitem>
412 <listitem><para>Allow access to the current transaction status (Tom)</para></listitem>
413 <listitem><para>Add ability to pass binary data directly to the backend (Tom)</para></listitem>
414 <listitem><para>Add PQexecPrepared() and PQsendQueryPrepared() functions which
415 perform Bind/Execute of previously prepared statements (Tom)</para></listitem>
416 </itemizedlist></sect3>
418 <sect3><title>JDBC</title>
421 <listitem><para>Allow setNull on updateable resultsets</para></listitem>
422 <listitem><para>Allow executeBatch on a prepared statement (Barry)</para></listitem>
423 <listitem><para>Support SSL connections (Barry)</para></listitem>
424 <listitem><para>Handle schema names in result sets (Paul Sorenson)</para></listitem>
425 <listitem><para>Add refcursor support (Nic Ferrier)</para></listitem>
426 </itemizedlist></sect3>
428 <sect3><title>Miscellaneous Interfaces</title>
430 <listitem><para>Prevent possible memory leak or core dump during libpgtcl shutdown (Tom)</para></listitem>
431 <listitem><para>Add ecpg Informix compatibility (Michael)</para></listitem>
432 <listitem><para>Add ecpg DECIMAL type that is fixed length, for Informix (Michael)</para></listitem>
433 <listitem><para>Allow thread-safe ecpg with --enable-thread-safety (Lee Kindness, Bruce)</para></listitem>
434 <listitem><para>Move python client interface to http://www.pygresql.org (Marc)</para></listitem>
435 </itemizedlist></sect3>
437 <sect3><title>Source Code</title>
441 <listitem><para>Prevent need for separate platform geometry regression result files (Tom)</para></listitem>
442 <listitem><para>Improved PPC locking primitive (Reinhard Max)</para></listitem>
443 <listitem><para>Embed LD_LIBRARY_PATH used for build process into binaries (Billy)</para></listitem>
444 <listitem><para>New palloc0 to allocate and clear memory (Bruce)</para></listitem>
445 <listitem><para>Fix locking code for s390x CPU (64-bit) (Tom)</para></listitem>
446 <listitem><para>Allow OpenBSD to use local ident credentials (William Ahern)</para></listitem>
447 <listitem><para>Make query plan trees read-only to executor (Tom)</para></listitem>
448 <listitem><para>Add Darwin startup scripts (David Wheeler)</para></listitem>
449 <listitem><para>Allow libpq to compile with Borland C++ compiler (Lester Godwin, Karl Waclawek)</para></listitem>
450 <listitem><para>Use our own version of getopt_long() if needed (Peter)</para></listitem>
451 <listitem><para>Convert administration scripts to C (Peter)</para></listitem>
452 <listitem><para>Bison >=1.85 is now required for grammar changes</para></listitem>
453 <listitem><para>Merge documentation into one book (Peter)</para></listitem>
454 <listitem><para>Add Win32 compatibility functions (Bruce)</para></listitem>
455 <listitem><para>Allow client interfaces to compile under MinGW/Win32 (Bruce)</para></listitem>
456 <listitem><para>New ereport() function for error reporting (Tom)</para></listitem>
457 <listitem><para>Support Intel Linux compiler (Peter)</para></listitem>
458 <listitem><para>Improve Linux startup scripts (Slawomir Sudnik, Darko Prenosil)</para></listitem>
459 <listitem><para>Add support for AMD Opteron and Itanium (Jeffrey W. Baker, Bruce)</para></listitem>
460 <listitem><para>Remove configure --enable-recode</para></listitem>
461 <listitem><para>Generate a compile error if spinlock code is not found (Bruce)</para></listitem>
462 </itemizedlist></sect3>
464 <sect3><title>Contrib</title>
467 <listitem><para>Change dbmirror license to BSD</para></listitem>
468 <listitem><para>Improve earthdistance (Bruno Wolff III)</para></listitem>
469 <listitem><para>Portability improvements to pgcrypto (Marko Kreen)</para></listitem>
470 <listitem><para>Prevent xml crash (John Gray, Michael Richards)</para></listitem>
471 <listitem><para>Update oracle</para></listitem>
472 <listitem><para>Update mysql</para></listitem>
473 <listitem><para>Update cube (Bruno Wolff III)</para></listitem>
474 <listitem><para>Update earthdistance to use cube (Bruno Wolff III)</para></listitem>
475 <listitem><para>Update btree_gist (Oleg)</para></listitem>
476 <listitem><para>New tsearch2 full-text search module (Oleg, Teodor)</para></listitem>
477 <listitem><para>Add hashed based crosstab function to tablefuncs (Joe)</para></listitem>
478 <listitem><para>Add serial column to order connectby() siblings in tablefuncs (Nabil Sayegh,Joe)</para></listitem>
479 <listitem><para>Add named persistent connections to dblink (Shridhar Daithanka)</para></listitem>
480 <listitem><para>New pg_autovacuum allows automatic VACUUM (Matthew T. O'Connor)</para></listitem>
481 <listitem><para>Allow pgbench to honor PGHOST, PGPORT, PGUSER env. variables (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
482 <listitem><para>Improve intarray (Teodor Sigaev)</para></listitem>
483 <listitem><para>Improve pgstattuple (Rod)</para></listitem>
484 <listitem><para>Fix bug in metaphone() in fuzzystrmatch</para></listitem>
485 <listitem><para>Improve adddepend (Rod)</para></listitem>
486 <listitem><para>Update spi/timetravel (B?jthe Zolt?n)</para></listitem>
487 <listitem><para>Fix dbase -s option and improve non-ASCII handling (Thomas Behr,M?rcio Smiderle)</para></listitem>
488 <listitem><para>Remove array module because features now included by default (Joe)</para></listitem>
489 </itemizedlist></sect3>
491 <sect3> <title> Other Uncategorized</title>
493 <listitem><para><function>EXTRACT(TIMEZONE)</function> and <command>SET/SHOW
494 TIMEZONE </command> now follow SQL sign convention
495 (positive = east of UTC)</para></listitem>
496 <listitem><para><command>DATESTYLE</command> can now be set to DMY, YMD, or MDY to specify input field order</para></listitem>
497 <listitem><para>Input date order must now be YYYY-MM-DD (with 4-digit
498 year) or match <envar>DATESTYLE</envar></para></listitem>
499 <listitem><para>Output of <command>SHOW DATESTYLE</command> is now in the same
500 format accepted by <command>SET DATESTYLE</command></para></listitem>
501 <listitem><para>PL/Python is now an untrusted language, and is renamed
502 to <function>plpythonu</function></para></listitem>
503 <listitem><para>Dollar sign ($) is no longer allowed in operator names</para></listitem>
504 <listitem><para>Dollar sign ($) can be a non-first character in identifiers</para></listitem>
505 <listitem><para>Precision in <function> FLOAT(p)</function> is now interpreted as bits, not decimal digits</para></listitem>
506 <listitem><para>Functional indexes have been generalized into expressional indexes</para></listitem>
507 <listitem><para><function>CHAR(n)</function> to <function>TEXT</function> conversion automatically strips trailing blanks</para></listitem>
508 <listitem><para>Pattern matching operations can use indexes regardless of locale</para></listitem>
509 <listitem><para>New frontend/backend protocol supports many long-requested features</para></listitem>
510 <listitem><para><command>SET AUTOCOMMIT TO OFF</command> is no longer
511 supported; psql has an <envar>AUTOCOMMIT</envar> variable</para></listitem>
512 <listitem><para>Reimplementation of NUMERIC datatype for more speed</para></listitem>
513 <listitem><para>New regular expression package, many more regexp features (most of Perl5)</para></listitem>
514 <listitem><para>Can now do <command> EXPLAIN</command> ... <command>EXECUTE</command> to see plan used for a prepared query</para></listitem>
515 <listitem><para>Explicit <command>JOIN</command>s no longer constrain query
516 plan, unless <command>JOIN_COLLAPSE_LIMIT = 1</command></para></listitem>
517 <listitem><para>Performance of <command>foo IN (SELECT ...)</command> queries has been considerably improved</para></listitem>
518 <listitem><para><command>FETCH 0</command> now re-fetches cursor's current row, per SQL spec</para></listitem>
519 <listitem><para>Revised executor state representation; plan trees are read-only to executor now</para></listitem>
520 <listitem><para>Information schema</para></listitem>
521 <listitem><para>Domains now support <command>CHECK</command> constraints</para></listitem>
522 <listitem><para><application>psql</application> backslash commands for listing conversions, casts, and schemas</para></listitem>
523 <listitem><para><command>TRUNCATE TABLE</command> is transaction-safe</para></listitem>
524 <listitem><para><command>CLUSTER</command> can re-cluster a previously clustered table, or all such tables</para></listitem>
525 <listitem><para>Statement-level triggers</para></listitem>
526 <listitem><para>System can use either hash- or sort-based strategy for grouped aggregation</para></listitem>
527 <listitem><para><command>ON COMMIT</command> options for temp tables</para></listitem>
528 <listitem><para>extra_float_digits option allows <application>pg_dump</application> to dump float data accurately</para></listitem>
529 <listitem><para>Long options for <application>psql</application> and
530 <application>pg_dump</application> are now available on all platforms</para></listitem>
531 <listitem><para>Read-only transactions</para></listitem>
532 <listitem><para>Object owners can allow grantees to grant the
533 privilege to others (grant option)</para></listitem>
535 <listitem><para> Added <filename>contrib</filename> module for
536 <application> pg_autovacuum </application> which monitors inserts and
537 deletes, and does <command>ANALYZE</command> or <command> VACUUM
538 ANALYZE </command> when quantities exceed specified
539 thresholds.</para></listitem>
541 </itemizedlist></sect3>
548 <sect1 id="release-7-3-4">
549 <title>Release 7.3.4</title>
552 <title>Release date</title>
553 <simpara>2003-07-24</simpara>
557 This has a variety of fixes from 7.3.3.
562 <title>Migration to version 7.3.4</title>
565 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
571 <title>Changes</title>
574 <listitem><para>Repair breakage in timestamp-to-date conversion for dates before 2000</para></listitem>
575 <listitem><para>Prevent rare possibility of server startup failure (Tom)</para></listitem>
576 <listitem><para>Fix bugs in interval-to-time conversion (Tom)</para></listitem>
577 <listitem><para>Add constraint names in a few places in pg_dump (Rod)</para></listitem>
578 <listitem><para>Improve performance of functions with many parameters (Tom)</para></listitem>
579 <listitem><para>Fix to_ascii() buffer overruns (Tom)</para></listitem>
580 <listitem><para>Prevent restore of database comments from throwing an error (Tom)</para></listitem>
581 <listitem><para>Work around buggy strxfrm() present in some Solaris releases (Tom)</para></listitem>
582 <listitem><para>Properly escape jdbc setObject() strings to improve security (Barry)</para></listitem>
588 <sect1 id="release-7-3-3">
589 <title>Release 7.3.3</title>
592 <title>Release date</title>
593 <simpara>2003-05-22</simpara>
597 This release contains of variety of fixes for version 7.3.2.
601 <title>Migration to version 7.3.3</title>
604 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
605 running version 7.3.*.
610 <title>Changes</title>
613 <listitem><para>Repair sometimes-incorrect computation of StartUpID after a crash</para></listitem>
614 <listitem><para>Avoid slowness with lots of deferred triggers in one transaction (Stephan)</para></listitem>
615 <listitem><para>Don't lock referenced row when <command>UPDATE</command> doesn't change foreign key's value (Jan)</para></listitem>
616 <listitem><para>Use <command>-fPIC</command> not <command>-fpic</command> on Sparc (Tom Callaway)</para></listitem>
617 <listitem><para>Repair lack of schema-awareness in contrib/reindexdb</para></listitem>
618 <listitem><para>Fix contrib/intarray error for zero-element result array (Teodor)</para></listitem>
619 <listitem><para>Ensure createuser script will exit on control-C (Oliver)</para></listitem>
620 <listitem><para>Fix errors when the type of a dropped column has itself been dropped</para></listitem>
621 <listitem><para><command>CHECKPOINT</command> does not cause database panic on failure in noncritical steps</para></listitem>
622 <listitem><para>Accept 60 in seconds fields of timestamp, time, interval input values</para></listitem>
623 <listitem><para>Issue notice, not error, if <type>TIMESTAMP</type>,
624 <type> TIME</type>, or <type>INTERVAL</type> precision too large</para></listitem>
625 <listitem><para>Fix <function>abstime-to-time</function> cast function (fix is
626 not applied unless you <application>initdb</application>)</para></listitem>
627 <listitem><para>Fix <application>pg_proc</application> entry for
628 <type>timestampt_izone</type> (fix is not applied unless you
629 <application>initdb</application>)</para></listitem>
630 <listitem><para>Make <function>EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM timestamp without time zone)</function> treat input as local time</para></listitem>
631 <listitem><para><command>'now'::timestamptz</command> gave wrong answer if timezone changed earlier in transaction</para></listitem>
632 <listitem><para><envar>HAVE_INT64_TIMESTAMP</envar> code for time with timezone overwrote its input</para></listitem>
633 <listitem><para>Accept <command>GLOBAL TEMP/TEMPORARY</command> as a
634 synonym for <command>TEMPORARY</command></para></listitem>
635 <listitem><para>Avoid improper schema-permissions-check failure in foreign-key triggers</para></listitem>
636 <listitem><para>Fix bugs in foreign-key triggers for <command>SET DEFAULT</command> action</para></listitem>
637 <listitem><para>Fix incorrect time-qual check in row fetch for
638 <command>UPDATE</command> and <command>DELETE</command> triggers</para></listitem>
639 <listitem><para>Foreign-key clauses were parsed but ignored in
640 <command>ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN</command></para></listitem>
641 <listitem><para>Fix createlang script breakage for case where handler function already exists</para></listitem>
642 <listitem><para>Fix misbehavior on zero-column tables in <application>pg_dump</application>, COPY, ANALYZE, other places</para></listitem>
643 <listitem><para>Fix misbehavior of <function>func_error()</function> on type names containing '%'</para></listitem>
644 <listitem><para>Fix misbehavior of <function>replace()</function> on strings containing '%'</para></listitem>
645 <listitem><para>Regular-expression patterns containing certain multibyte characters failed</para></listitem>
646 <listitem><para>Account correctly for <command>NULL</command>s in more cases in join size estimation</para></listitem>
647 <listitem><para>Avoid conflict with system definition of <function>isblank()</function> function or macro</para></listitem>
648 <listitem><para>Fix failure to convert large code point values in EUC_TW conversions (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
649 <listitem><para>Fix error recovery for <function>SSL_read</function>/<function>SSL_write</function> calls</para></listitem>
650 <listitem><para>Don't do early constant-folding of type coercion expressions</para></listitem>
651 <listitem><para>Validate page header fields immediately after reading in any page</para></listitem>
652 <listitem><para>Repair incorrect check for ungrouped variables in unnamed joins</para></listitem>
653 <listitem><para>Fix buffer overrun in <function>to_ascii</function> (Guido Notari)</para></listitem>
654 <listitem><para>contrib/ltree fixes (Teodor)</para></listitem>
655 <listitem><para>Fix core dump in deadlock detection on machines where char is unsigned</para></listitem>
656 <listitem><para>Avoid running out of buffers in many-way indexscan (bug introduced in 7.3)</para></listitem>
657 <listitem><para>Fix planner's selectivity estimation functions to handle domains properly</para></listitem>
658 <listitem><para>Fix <application>dbmirror</application> memory-allocation bug (Steven Singer)</para></listitem>
659 <listitem><para>Prevent infinite loop in <function>ln(numeric)</function> due to roundoff error</para></listitem>
660 <listitem><para><command>GROUP BY</command> got confused if there were multiple equal GROUP BY items</para></listitem>
661 <listitem><para>Fix bad plan when inherited <command>UPDATE</command>/<command>DELETE</command> references another inherited table</para></listitem>
662 <listitem><para>Prevent clustering on incomplete (partial or non-NULL-storing) indexes</para></listitem>
663 <listitem><para>Service shutdown request at proper time if it arrives while still starting up</para></listitem>
664 <listitem><para>Fix left-links in temporary indexes (could make backwards scans miss entries)</para></listitem>
665 <listitem><para>Fix incorrect handling of client_encoding setting in postgresql.conf (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
666 <listitem><para>Fix failure to respond to <command>pg_ctl stop -m fast</command> after Async_NotifyHandler runs</para></listitem>
667 <listitem><para>Fix SPI for case where rule contains multiple statements of the same type</para></listitem>
668 <listitem><para>Fix problem with checking for wrong type of access permission in rule query</para></listitem>
669 <listitem><para>Fix problem with <command>EXCEPT</command> in <command>CREATE RULE</command></para></listitem>
670 <listitem><para>Prevent problem with dropping temp tables having serial columns</para></listitem>
671 <listitem><para>Fix replace_vars_with_subplan_refs failure in complex views</para></listitem>
672 <listitem><para>Fix regexp slowness in single-byte encodings (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
673 <listitem><para>Allow qualified type names in <command>CREATE CAST</command>
674 and <command> DROP CAST</command></para></listitem>
675 <listitem><para>Accept <function>SETOF type[]</function>, which formerly had to
676 be written <function>SETOF _type</function></para></listitem>
677 <listitem><para>Fix <application>pg_dump</application> core dump in some cases with procedural languages</para></listitem>
678 <listitem><para>Force ISO datestyle in <application>pg_dump</application> output, for portability (Oliver)</para></listitem>
679 <listitem><para><application>pg_dump</application> failed to handle error return
680 from <function>lo_read</function> (Oleg Drokin)</para></listitem>
681 <listitem><para><application>pg_dumpall</application> failed with groups having no members (Nick Eskelinen)</para></listitem>
682 <listitem><para><application>pg_dumpall</application> failed to recognize --globals-only switch</para></listitem>
683 <listitem><para>pg_restore failed to restore blobs if -X disable-triggers is specified</para></listitem>
684 <listitem><para>Repair intrafunction memory leak in plpgsql</para></listitem>
685 <listitem><para>pltcl's <command>elog</command> command dumped core if given wrong parameters (Ian Harding)</para></listitem>
686 <listitem><para>plpython used wrong value of <envar>atttypmod</envar> (Brad McLean)</para></listitem>
687 <listitem><para>Fix improper quoting of boolean values in Python interface (D'Arcy)</para></listitem>
688 <listitem><para>Added <function>addDataType()</function> method to PGConnection interface for JDBC</para></listitem>
689 <listitem><para>Fixed various problems with updateable ResultSets for JDBC (Shawn Green)</para></listitem>
690 <listitem><para>Fixed various problems with DatabaseMetaData for JDBC (Kris Jurka, Peter Royal)</para></listitem>
691 <listitem><para>Fixed problem with parsing table ACLs in JDBC</para></listitem>
692 <listitem><para>Better error message for character set conversion problems in JDBC</para></listitem>
698 <sect1 id="release-7-3-2">
699 <title>Release 7.3.2</title>
702 <title>Release date</title>
703 <simpara>2003-02-04</simpara>
707 This release contains a variety of fixes for version 7.3.1.
712 <title>Migration to version 7.3.2</title>
715 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
716 running version 7.3.*.
721 <title>Changes</title>
724 <listitem><para>Restore creation of OID column in CREATE TABLE AS / SELECT INTO</para></listitem>
725 <listitem><para>Fix <application/pg_dump/ core dump when dumping views having comments</para></listitem>
726 <listitem><para>Dump DEFERRABLE/INITIALLY DEFERRED constraints properly</para></listitem>
727 <listitem><para>Fix UPDATE when child table's column numbering differs from parent</para></listitem>
728 <listitem><para>Increase default value of max_fsm_relations</para></listitem>
729 <listitem><para>Fix problem when fetching backwards in a cursor for a single-row query</para></listitem>
730 <listitem><para>Make backward fetch work properly with cursor on SELECT DISTINCT query</para></listitem>
731 <listitem><para>Fix problems with loading <application/pg_dump/ files containing contrib/lo usage</para></listitem>
732 <listitem><para>Fix problem with all-numeric user names</para></listitem>
733 <listitem><para>Fix possible memory leak and core dump during disconnect in libpgtcl</para></listitem>
734 <listitem><para>Make plpython's spi_execute command handle nulls properly (Andrew Bosma)</para></listitem>
735 <listitem><para>Adjust plpython error reporting so that its regression test passes again</para></listitem>
736 <listitem><para>Work with bison 1.875</para></listitem>
737 <listitem><para>Handle mixed-case names properly in plpgsql's %type (Neil)</para></listitem>
738 <listitem><para>Fix core dump in pltcl when executing a query rewritten by a rule</para></listitem>
739 <listitem><para>Repair array subscript overruns (per report from Yichen Xie)</para></listitem>
740 <listitem><para>Reduce MAX_TIME_PRECISION from 13 to 10 in floating-point case</para></listitem>
741 <listitem><para>Correctly case-fold variable names in per-database and per-user settings</para></listitem>
742 <listitem><para>Fix coredump in plpgsql's RETURN NEXT when SELECT into record returns no rows</para></listitem>
743 <listitem><para>Fix outdated use of pg_type.typprtlen in python client interface</para></listitem>
744 <listitem><para>Correctly handle fractional seconds in timestamps in JDBC driver</para></listitem>
745 <listitem><para>Improve performance of getImportedKeys() in JDBC</para></listitem>
746 <listitem><para>Make shared-library symlinks work standardly on HPUX (Giles)</para></listitem>
747 <listitem><para>Repair inconsistent rounding behavior for timestamp, time, interval</para></listitem>
748 <listitem><para>SSL negotiation fixes (Nathan Mueller)</para></listitem>
749 <listitem><para>Make libpq's ~/.pgpass feature work when connecting with PQconnectDB</para></listitem>
750 <listitem><para>Update my2pg, ora2pg</para></listitem>
751 <listitem><para>Translation updates</para></listitem>
752 <listitem><para>Add casts between types lo and oid in contrib/lo</para></listitem>
753 <listitem><para>fastpath code now checks for privilege to call function</para></listitem>
759 <sect1 id="release-7-3-1">
760 <title>Release 7.3.1</title>
763 <title>Release date</title>
764 <simpara>2002-12-18</simpara>
768 This release contains a variety of fixes for version 7.3.
773 <title>Migration to version 7.3.1</title>
776 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
777 running version 7.3. However, it should be noted that the main
778 PostgreSQL interface library, libpq, has a new major version
779 number for this release, which may require recompilation of client
780 code in certain cases.
785 <title>Changes</title>
788 <listitem><para>Fix a core dump of COPY TO when client/server encodings don't match (Tom)</para></listitem>
789 <listitem><para>Allow <application/pg_dump/ to work with pre-7.2 servers (Philip)</para></listitem>
790 <listitem><para>contrib/adddepend fixes (Tom)</para></listitem>
791 <listitem><para>Fix problem with deletion of per-user/per-database config settings (Tom)</para></listitem>
792 <listitem><para>contrib/vacuumlo fix (Tom)</para></listitem>
793 <listitem><para>Allow 'password' encryption even when pg_shadow contains MD5 passwords (Bruce)</para></listitem>
794 <listitem><para>contrib/dbmirror fix (Steven Singer)</para></listitem>
795 <listitem><para>Optimizer fixes (Tom)</para></listitem>
796 <listitem><para>contrib/tsearch fixes (Teodor Sigaev, Magnus)</para></listitem>
797 <listitem><para>Allow locale names to be mixed case (Nicolai Tufar)</para></listitem>
798 <listitem><para>Increment libpq library's major version number (Bruce)</para></listitem>
799 <listitem><para>pg_hba.conf error reporting fixes (Bruce, Neil)</para></listitem>
800 <listitem><para>Add SCO Openserver 5.0.4 as a supported platform (Bruce)</para></listitem>
801 <listitem><para>Prevent EXPLAIN from crashing server (Tom)</para></listitem>
802 <listitem><para>SSL fixes (Nathan Mueller)</para></listitem>
803 <listitem><para>Prevent composite column creation via ALTER TABLE (Tom)</para></listitem>
809 <sect1 id="release-7-3">
810 <title>Release 7.3</title>
813 <title>Release date</title>
814 <simpara>2002-11-27</simpara>
818 <title>Overview</title>
821 Major changes in this release:
828 Schemas allow users to create objects in separate namespaces,
829 so two people or applications can have tables with the same
830 name. There is also a public schema for shared tables.
831 Table/index creation can be restricted by removing permissions
832 on the public schema.
838 <term>Drop Column</term>
841 PostgreSQL now supports the <literal>ALTER TABLE ... DROP
842 COLUMN</literal> functionality.
848 <term>Table Functions</term>
851 Functions returning multiple rows and/or multiple columns are
852 now much easier to use than before. You can call such a
853 <quote>table function</quote> in the <literal>SELECT</literal>
854 <literal>FROM</literal> clause, treating its output like a
855 table. Also, <application>PL/pgSQL</application> functions can
862 <term>Prepared Queries</term>
865 PostgreSQL now supports prepared queries, for improved
872 <term>Dependency Tracking</term>
875 PostgreSQL now records object dependencies, which allows
876 improvements in many areas. <command>DROP</command>
877 statements now take either <literal>CASCADE</> or
878 <literal>RESTRICT</> to control whether dependent objects are
885 <term>Privileges</term>
888 Functions and procedural languages now have privileges, and
889 functions can be defined to run with the privileges of their
896 <term>Internationalization</term>
899 Both multibyte and locale support are now always enabled.
908 A variety of logging options have been enhanced.
914 <term>Interfaces</term>
917 A large number of interfaces have been moved to <ulink
918 url="http://gborg.postgresql.org">http://gborg.postgresql.org</>
919 where they can be developed and released independently.
925 <term>Functions/Identifiers</term>
928 By default, functions can now take up to 32 parameters, and
929 identifiers can be up to 63 bytes long. Also, <literal>OPAQUE</>
930 is now deprecated: there are specific <quote>pseudo-datatypes</>
931 to represent each of the former meanings of <literal>OPAQUE</>
932 in function argument and result types.
942 <title>Migration to version 7.3</title>
945 A dump/restore using <application>pg_dump</> is required for those
946 wishing to migrate data from any previous release. If your
947 application examines the system catalogs, additional changes will
948 be required due to the introduction of schemas in 7.3; for more
949 information, see: <ulink
950 url="http://developer.postgresql.org/~momjian/upgrade_tips_7.3">
951 http://developer.postgresql.org/~momjian/upgrade_tips_7.3</>.
955 Observe the following incompatibilities:
960 Pre-6.3 clients are no longer supported.
966 <filename>pg_hba.conf</filename> now has a column for the user
967 name and additional features. Existing files need to be
974 Several <filename>postgresql.conf</filename> logging parameters
981 <literal>LIMIT #,#</literal> has been disabled; use
982 <literal>LIMIT # OFFSET #</literal>.
988 <command>INSERT</command> statements with column lists must
989 specify a value for each specified column. For example,
990 <literal>INSERT INTO tab (col1, col2) VALUES ('val1')</literal>
991 is now invalid. It's still allowed to supply fewer columns than
992 expected if the <command>INSERT</command> does not have a column list.
998 <type>serial</type> columns are no longer automatically
999 <literal>UNIQUE</>; thus, an index will not automatically be
1006 A <command>SET</command> command inside an aborted transaction
1013 <command>COPY</command> no longer considers missing trailing
1014 columns to be null. All columns need to be specified.
1015 (However, one may achieve a similar effect by specifying a
1016 column list in the <command>COPY</command> command.)
1022 The data type <type>timestamp</type> is now equivalent to
1023 <type>timestamp without time zone</type>, instead of
1024 <type>timestamp with time zone</type>.
1030 Pre-7.3 databases loaded into 7.3 will not have the new object
1031 dependencies for <type>serial</type> columns, unique
1032 constraints, and foreign keys. See the directory
1033 <filename>contrib/adddepend/</filename> for a detailed
1034 description and a script that will add such dependencies.
1040 An empty string (<literal>''</literal>) is no longer allowed as
1041 the input into an integer field. Formerly, it was silently
1052 <title>Changes</title>
1055 <title>Server Operation</title>
1057 <listitem><para>Add pg_locks view to show locks (Neil)</para></listitem>
1058 <listitem><para>Security fixes for password negotiation memory allocation (Neil)</para></listitem>
1059 <listitem><para>Remove support for version 0 FE/BE protocol (PostgreSQL 6.2 and earlier) (Tom)</para></listitem>
1060 <listitem><para>Reserve the last few backend slots for superusers, add parameter superuser_reserved_connections to control this (Nigel J. Andrews)</para></listitem>
1065 <title>Performance</title>
1067 <listitem><para>Improve startup by calling localtime() only once (Tom)</para></listitem>
1068 <listitem><para>Cache system catalog information in flat files for faster startup (Tom)</para></listitem>
1069 <listitem><para>Improve caching of index information (Tom)</para></listitem>
1070 <listitem><para>Optimizer improvements (Tom, Fernando Nasser)</para></listitem>
1071 <listitem><para>Catalog caches now store failed lookups (Tom)</para></listitem>
1072 <listitem><para>Hash function improvements (Neil)</para></listitem>
1073 <listitem><para>Improve performance of query tokenization and network handling (Peter)</para></listitem>
1074 <listitem><para>Speed improvement for large object restore (Mario Weilguni)</para></listitem>
1075 <listitem><para>Mark expired index entries on first lookup, saving later heap fetches (Tom)</para></listitem>
1076 <listitem><para>Avoid excessive NULL bitmap padding (Manfred Koizar)</para></listitem>
1077 <listitem><para>Add BSD-licensed qsort() for Solaris, for performance (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1078 <listitem><para>Reduce per-row overhead by four bytes (Manfred Koizar)</para></listitem>
1079 <listitem><para>Fix GEQO optimizer bug (Neil Conway)</para></listitem>
1080 <listitem><para>Make WITHOUT OID actually save four bytes per row (Manfred Koizar)</para></listitem>
1081 <listitem><para>Add default_statistics_target variable to specify ANALYZE buckets (Neil)</para></listitem>
1082 <listitem><para>Use local buffer cache for temporary tables so no WAL overhead (Tom)</para></listitem>
1083 <listitem><para>Improve free space map performance on large tables (Stephen Marshall, Tom)</para></listitem>
1084 <listitem><para>Improved WAL write concurrency (Tom)</para></listitem>
1089 <title>Privileges</title>
1091 <listitem><para>Add privileges on functions and procedural languages (Peter)</para></listitem>
1092 <listitem><para>Add OWNER to CREATE DATABASE so superusers can create databases on behalf of unprivileged users (Gavin Sherry, Tom)</para></listitem>
1093 <listitem><para>Add new object permission bits EXECUTE and USAGE (Tom)</para></listitem>
1094 <listitem><para>Add SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION DEFAULT and RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION (Tom)</para></listitem>
1095 <listitem><para>Allow functions to be executed with the privilege of the function owner (Peter)</para></listitem>
1100 <title>Server Configuration</title>
1102 <listitem><para>Server log messages now tagged with LOG, not DEBUG (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1103 <listitem><para>Add user column to pg_hba.conf (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1104 <listitem><para>Have log_connections output two lines in log file (Tom)</para></listitem>
1105 <listitem><para>Remove debug_level from postgresql.conf, now server_min_messages (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1106 <listitem><para>New ALTER DATABASE/USER ... SET command for per-user/database initialization (Peter)</para></listitem>
1107 <listitem><para>New parameters server_min_messages and client_min_messages to control which messages are sent to the server logs or client applications (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1108 <listitem><para>Allow pg_hba.conf to specify lists of users/databases separated by commas, group names prepended with +, and file names prepended with @ (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1109 <listitem><para>Remove secondary password file capability and pg_password utility (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1110 <listitem><para>Add variable db_user_namespace for database-local user names (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1111 <listitem><para>SSL improvements (Bear Giles)</para></listitem>
1112 <listitem><para>Make encryption of stored passwords the default (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1113 <listitem><para>Allow pg_statistics to be reset by calling pg_stat_reset() (Christopher)</para></listitem>
1114 <listitem><para>Add log_duration parameter (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1115 <listitem><para>Rename debug_print_query to log_statement (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1116 <listitem><para>Rename show_query_stats to show_statement_stats (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1117 <listitem><para>Add param log_min_error_statement to print commands to logs on error (Gavin)</para></listitem>
1122 <title>Queries</title>
1124 <listitem><para>Make cursors insensitive, meaning their contents do not change (Tom)</para></listitem>
1125 <listitem><para>Disable LIMIT #,# syntax; now only LIMIT # OFFSET # supported (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1126 <listitem><para>Increase identifier length to 63 (Neil, Bruce)</para></listitem>
1127 <listitem><para>UNION fixes for merging >= 3 columns of different lengths (Tom)</para></listitem>
1128 <listitem><para>Add DEFAULT keyword to INSERT, e.g., INSERT ... (..., DEFAULT, ...) (Rod)</para></listitem>
1129 <listitem><para>Allow views to have default values using ALTER COLUMN ... SET DEFAULT (Neil)</para></listitem>
1130 <listitem><para>Fail on INSERTs with column lists that don't supply all column values, e.g., INSERT INTO tab (col1, col2) VALUES ('val1'); (Rod)</para></listitem>
1131 <listitem><para>Fix for join aliases (Tom)</para></listitem>
1132 <listitem><para>Fix for FULL OUTER JOINs (Tom)</para></listitem>
1133 <listitem><para>Improve reporting of invalid identifier and location (Tom, Gavin)</para></listitem>
1134 <listitem><para>Fix OPEN cursor(args) (Tom)</para></listitem>
1135 <listitem><para>Allow 'ctid' to be used in a view and currtid(viewname) (Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
1136 <listitem><para>Fix for CREATE TABLE AS with UNION (Tom)</para></listitem>
1137 <listitem><para>SQL99 syntax improvements (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1138 <listitem><para>Add statement_timeout variable to cancel queries (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1139 <listitem><para>Allow prepared queries with PREPARE/EXECUTE (Neil)</para></listitem>
1140 <listitem><para>Allow FOR UPDATE to appear after LIMIT/OFFSET (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1141 <listitem><para>Add variable autocommit (Tom, David Van Wie)</para></listitem>
1146 <title>Object Manipulation</title>
1148 <listitem><para>Make equals signs optional in CREATE DATABASE (Gavin Sherry)</para></listitem>
1149 <listitem><para>Make ALTER TABLE OWNER change index ownership too (Neil)</para></listitem>
1150 <listitem><para>New ALTER TABLE tabname ALTER COLUMN colname SET STORAGE controls TOAST storage, compression (John Gray)</para></listitem>
1151 <listitem><para>Add schema support, CREATE/DROP SCHEMA (Tom)</para></listitem>
1152 <listitem><para>Create schema for temporary tables (Tom)</para></listitem>
1153 <listitem><para>Add variable search_path for schema search (Tom)</para></listitem>
1154 <listitem><para>Add ALTER TABLE SET/DROP NOT NULL (Christopher)</para></listitem>
1155 <listitem><para>New CREATE FUNCTION volatility levels (Tom)</para></listitem>
1156 <listitem><para>Make rule names unique only per table (Tom)</para></listitem>
1157 <listitem><para>Add 'ON tablename' clause to DROP RULE and COMMENT ON RULE (Tom)</para></listitem>
1158 <listitem><para>Add ALTER TRIGGER RENAME (Joe)</para></listitem>
1159 <listitem><para>New current_schema() and current_schemas() inquiry functions (Tom)</para></listitem>
1160 <listitem><para>Allow functions to return multiple rows (table functions) (Joe)</para></listitem>
1161 <listitem><para>Make WITH optional in CREATE DATABASE, for consistency (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1162 <listitem><para>Add object dependency tracking (Rod, Tom)</para></listitem>
1163 <listitem><para>Add RESTRICT/CASCADE to DROP commands (Rod)</para></listitem>
1164 <listitem><para>Add ALTER TABLE DROP for non-CHECK CONSTRAINT (Rod)</para></listitem>
1165 <listitem><para>Autodestroy sequence on DROP of table with SERIAL (Rod)</para></listitem>
1166 <listitem><para>Prevent column dropping if column is used by foreign key (Rod)</para></listitem>
1167 <listitem><para>Automatically drop constraints/functions when object is dropped (Rod)</para></listitem>
1168 <listitem><para>Add CREATE/DROP OPERATOR CLASS (Bill Studenmund, Tom)</para></listitem>
1169 <listitem><para>Add ALTER TABLE DROP COLUMN (Christopher, Tom, Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
1170 <listitem><para>Prevent inherited columns from being removed or renamed (Alvaro Herrera)</para></listitem>
1171 <listitem><para>Fix foreign key constraints to not error on intermediate database states (Stephan)</para></listitem>
1172 <listitem><para>Propagate column or table renaming to foreign key constraints</para></listitem>
1173 <listitem><para>Add CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW (Gavin, Neil, Tom)</para></listitem>
1174 <listitem><para>Add CREATE OR REPLACE RULE (Gavin, Neil, Tom)</para></listitem>
1175 <listitem><para>Have rules execute alphabetically, returning more predictable values (Tom)</para></listitem>
1176 <listitem><para>Triggers are now fired in alphabetical order (Tom)</para></listitem>
1177 <listitem><para>Add /contrib/adddepend to handle pre-7.3 object dependencies (Rod)</para></listitem>
1178 <listitem><para>Allow better casting when inserting/updating values (Tom)</para></listitem>
1183 <title>Utility Commands</title>
1185 <listitem><para>Have COPY TO output embedded carriage returns and newlines as \r and \n (Tom)</para></listitem>
1186 <listitem><para>Allow DELIMITER in COPY FROM to be 8-bit clean (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
1187 <listitem><para>Make <application/pg_dump/ use ALTER TABLE ADD PRIMARY KEY, for performance (Neil)</para></listitem>
1188 <listitem><para>Disable brackets in multistatement rules (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1189 <listitem><para>Disable VACUUM from being called inside a function (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1190 <listitem><para>Allow dropdb and other scripts to use identifiers with spaces (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1191 <listitem><para>Restrict database comment changes to the current database</para></listitem>
1192 <listitem><para>Allow comments on operators, independent of the underlying function (Rod)</para></listitem>
1193 <listitem><para>Rollback SET commands in aborted transactions (Tom)</para></listitem>
1194 <listitem><para>EXPLAIN now outputs as a query (Tom)</para></listitem>
1195 <listitem><para>Display condition expressions and sort keys in EXPLAIN (Tom)</para></listitem>
1196 <listitem><para>Add 'SET LOCAL var = value' to set configuration variables for a single transaction (Tom)</para></listitem>
1197 <listitem><para>Allow ANALYZE to run in a transaction (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1198 <listitem><para>Improve COPY syntax using new WITH clauses, keep backward compatibility (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1199 <listitem><para>Fix <application/pg_dump/ to consistently output tags in non-ASCII dumps (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1200 <listitem><para>Make foreign key constraints clearer in dump file (Rod)</para></listitem>
1201 <listitem><para>Add COMMENT ON CONSTRAINT (Rod)</para></listitem>
1202 <listitem><para>Allow COPY TO/FROM to specify column names (Brent Verner)</para></listitem>
1203 <listitem><para>Dump UNIQUE and PRIMARY KEY constraints as ALTER TABLE (Rod)</para></listitem>
1204 <listitem><para>Have SHOW output a query result (Joe)</para></listitem>
1205 <listitem><para>Generate failure on short COPY lines rather than pad NULLs (Neil)</para></listitem>
1206 <listitem><para>Fix CLUSTER to preserve all table attributes (Alvaro Herrera)</para></listitem>
1207 <listitem><para>New pg_settings table to view/modify GUC settings (Joe)</para></listitem>
1208 <listitem><para>Add smart quoting, portability improvements to <application/pg_dump/ output (Peter)</para></listitem>
1209 <listitem><para>Dump serial columns out as SERIAL (Tom)</para></listitem>
1210 <listitem><para>Enable large file support, >2G for <application/pg_dump/ (Peter, Philip Warner, Bruce)</para></listitem>
1211 <listitem><para>Disallow TRUNCATE on tables that are involved in referential constraints (Rod)</para></listitem>
1212 <listitem><para>Have TRUNCATE also auto-truncate the toast table of the relation (Tom)</para></listitem>
1213 <listitem><para>Add clusterdb utility that will auto-cluster an entire database based on previous CLUSTER operations (Alvaro Herrera)</para></listitem>
1214 <listitem><para>Overhaul pg_dumpall (Peter)</para></listitem>
1215 <listitem><para>Allow REINDEX of TOAST tables (Tom)</para></listitem>
1216 <listitem><para>Implemented START TRANSACTION, per SQL99 (Neil)</para></listitem>
1217 <listitem><para>Fix rare index corruption when a page split affects bulk delete (Tom)</para></listitem>
1218 <listitem><para>Fix ALTER TABLE ... ADD COLUMN for inheritance (Alvaro Herrera)</para></listitem>
1223 <title>Data Types and Functions</title>
1225 <listitem><para>Fix factorial(0) to return 1 (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1226 <listitem><para>Date/time/timezone improvements (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1227 <listitem><para>Fix for array slice extraction (Tom)</para></listitem>
1228 <listitem><para>Fix extract/date_part to report proper microseconds for timestamp (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
1229 <listitem><para>Allow text_substr() and bytea_substr() to read TOAST values more efficiently (John Gray)</para></listitem>
1230 <listitem><para>Add domain support (Rod)</para></listitem>
1231 <listitem><para>Make WITHOUT TIME ZONE the default for TIMESTAMP and TIME data types (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1232 <listitem><para>Allow alternate storage scheme of 64-bit integers for date/time types using --enable-integer-datetimes in configure (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1233 <listitem><para>Make timezone(timestamptz) return timestamp rather than a string (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1234 <listitem><para>Allow fractional seconds in date/time types for dates prior to 1BC (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1235 <listitem><para>Limit timestamp data types to 6 decimal places of precision (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1236 <listitem><para>Change timezone conversion functions from timetz() to timezone() (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1237 <listitem><para>Add configuration variables datestyle and timezone (Tom)</para></listitem>
1238 <listitem><para>Add OVERLAY(), which allows substitution of a substring in a string (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1239 <listitem><para>Add SIMILAR TO (Thomas, Tom)</para></listitem>
1240 <listitem><para>Add regular expression SUBSTRING(string FROM pat FOR escape) (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1241 <listitem><para>Add LOCALTIME and LOCALTIMESTAMP functions (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1242 <listitem><para>Add named composite types using CREATE TYPE typename AS (column) (Joe)</para></listitem>
1243 <listitem><para>Allow composite type definition in the table alias clause (Joe)</para></listitem>
1244 <listitem><para>Add new API to simplify creation of C language table functions (Joe)</para></listitem>
1245 <listitem><para>Remove ODBC-compatible empty parentheses from calls to SQL99 functions for which these parentheses do not match the standard (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1246 <listitem><para>Allow macaddr data type to accept 12 hex digits with no separators (Mike Wyer)</para></listitem>
1247 <listitem><para>Add CREATE/DROP CAST (Peter)</para></listitem>
1248 <listitem><para>Add IS DISTINCT FROM operator (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1249 <listitem><para>Add SQL99 TREAT() function, synonym for CAST() (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1250 <listitem><para>Add pg_backend_pid() to output backend pid (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1251 <listitem><para>Add IS OF / IS NOT OF type predicate (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1252 <listitem><para>Allow bit string constants without fully-specified length (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1253 <listitem><para>Allow conversion between 8-byte integers and bit strings (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1254 <listitem><para>Implement hex literal conversion to bit string literal (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1255 <listitem><para>Allow table functions to appear in the FROM clause (Joe)</para></listitem>
1256 <listitem><para>Increase maximum number of function parameters to 32 (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1257 <listitem><para>No longer automatically create index for SERIAL column (Tom)</para></listitem>
1258 <listitem><para>Add current_database() (Rod)</para></listitem>
1259 <listitem><para>Fix cash_words() to not overflow buffer (Tom)</para></listitem>
1260 <listitem><para>Add functions replace(), split_part(), to_hex() (Joe)</para></listitem>
1261 <listitem><para>Fix LIKE for bytea as a right-hand argument (Joe)</para></listitem>
1262 <listitem><para>Prevent crashes caused by SELECT cash_out(2) (Tom)</para></listitem>
1263 <listitem><para>Fix to_char(1,'FM999.99') to return a period (Karel)</para></listitem>
1264 <listitem><para>Fix trigger/type/language functions returning OPAQUE to return proper type (Tom)</para></listitem>
1269 <title>Internationalization</title>
1271 <listitem><para>Add additional encodings: Korean (JOHAB), Thai (WIN874), Vietnamese (TCVN), Arabic (WIN1256), Simplified Chinese (GBK), Korean (UHC) (Eiji Tokuya)</para></listitem>
1272 <listitem><para>Enable locale support by default (Peter)</para></listitem>
1273 <listitem><para>Add locale variables (Peter)</para></listitem>
1274 <listitem><para>Escape byes >= 0x7f for multibyte in PQescapeBytea/PQunescapeBytea (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
1275 <listitem><para>Add locale awareness to regular expression character classes</para></listitem>
1276 <listitem><para>Enable multibyte support by default (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
1277 <listitem><para>Add GB18030 multibyte support (Bill Huang)</para></listitem>
1278 <listitem><para>Add CREATE/DROP CONVERSION, allowing loadable encodings (Tatsuo, Kaori)</para></listitem>
1279 <listitem><para>Add pg_conversion table (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
1280 <listitem><para>Add SQL99 CONVERT() function (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
1281 <listitem><para>pg_dumpall, pg_controldata, and pg_resetxlog now national-language aware (Peter)</para></listitem>
1282 <listitem><para>New and updated translations</para></listitem>
1287 <title>Server-side Languages</title>
1289 <listitem><para>Allow recursive SQL function (Peter)</para></listitem>
1290 <listitem><para>Change PL/Tcl build to use configured compiler and Makefile.shlib (Peter)</para></listitem>
1291 <listitem><para>Overhaul the PL/pgSQL FOUND variable to be more Oracle-compatible (Neil, Tom)</para></listitem>
1292 <listitem><para>Allow PL/pgSQL to handle quoted identifiers (Tom)</para></listitem>
1293 <listitem><para>Allow set-returning PL/pgSQL functions (Neil)</para></listitem>
1294 <listitem><para>Make PL/pgSQL schema-aware (Joe)</para></listitem>
1295 <listitem><para>Remove some memory leaks (Nigel J. Andrews, Tom)</para></listitem>
1302 <listitem><para>Don't lowercase psql \connect database name for 7.2.0 compatibility (Tom)</para></listitem>
1303 <listitem><para>Add psql \timing to time user queries (Greg Sabino Mullane)</para></listitem>
1304 <listitem><para>Have psql \d show index information (Greg Sabino Mullane)</para></listitem>
1305 <listitem><para>New psql \dD shows domains (Jonathan Eisler)</para></listitem>
1306 <listitem><para>Allow psql to show rules on views (Paul ?)</para></listitem>
1307 <listitem><para>Fix for psql variable substitution (Tom)</para></listitem>
1308 <listitem><para>Allow psql \d to show temporary table structure (Tom)</para></listitem>
1309 <listitem><para>Allow psql \d to show foreign keys (Rod)</para></listitem>
1310 <listitem><para>Fix \? to honor \pset pager (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1311 <listitem><para>Have psql reports its version number on startup (Tom)</para></listitem>
1312 <listitem><para>Allow \copy to specify column names (Tom)</para></listitem>
1317 <title>libpq</title>
1319 <listitem><para>Add $HOME/.pgpass to store host/user password combinations (Alvaro Herrera)</para></listitem>
1320 <listitem><para>Add PQunescapeBytea() function to libpq (Patrick Welche)</para></listitem>
1321 <listitem><para>Fix for sending large queries over non-blocking connections (Bernhard Herzog)</para></listitem>
1322 <listitem><para>Fix for libpq using timers on Win9X (David Ford)</para></listitem>
1323 <listitem><para>Allow libpq notify to handle servers with different-length identifiers (Tom)</para></listitem>
1324 <listitem><para>Add libpq PQescapeString() and PQescapeBytea() to Win32 (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1325 <listitem><para>Fix for SSL with non-blocking connections (Jack Bates)</para></listitem>
1326 <listitem><para>Add libpq connection timeout parameter (Denis A Ustimenko)</para></listitem>
1333 <listitem><para>Allow JDBC to compile with JDK 1.4 (Dave)</para></listitem>
1334 <listitem><para>Add JDBC 3 support (Barry)</para></listitem>
1335 <listitem><para>Allows JDBC to set loglevel by adding ?loglevel=X to the connection URL (Barry)</para></listitem>
1336 <listitem><para>Add Driver.info() message that prints out the version number (Barry)</para></listitem>
1337 <listitem><para>Add updateable result sets (Raghu Nidagal, Dave)</para></listitem>
1338 <listitem><para>Add support for callable statements (Paul Bethe)</para></listitem>
1339 <listitem><para>Add query cancel capability</para></listitem>
1340 <listitem><para>Add refresh row (Dave)</para></listitem>
1341 <listitem><para>Fix MD5 encryption handling for multibyte servers (Jun Kawai)</para></listitem>
1342 <listitem><para>Add support for prepared statements (Barry)</para></listitem>
1347 <title>Miscellaneous Interfaces</title>
1349 <listitem><para>Fixed ECPG bug concerning octal numbers in single quotes (Michael)</para></listitem>
1350 <listitem><para>Move src/interfaces/libpgeasy to http://gborg.postgresql.org (Marc, Bruce)</para></listitem>
1351 <listitem><para>Improve Python interface (Elliot Lee, Andrew Johnson, Greg Copeland)</para></listitem>
1352 <listitem><para>Add libpgtcl connection close event (Gerhard Hintermayer)</para></listitem>
1353 <listitem><para>Move src/interfaces/libpq++ to http://gborg.postgresql.org (Marc, Bruce)</para></listitem>
1354 <listitem><para>Move src/interfaces/odbc to http://gborg.postgresql.org (Marc)</para></listitem>
1355 <listitem><para>Move src/interfaces/libpgeasy to http://gborg.postgresql.org (Marc, Bruce)</para></listitem>
1356 <listitem><para>Move src/interfaces/perl5 to http://gborg.postgresql.org (Marc, Bruce)</para></listitem>
1357 <listitem><para>Remove src/bin/pgaccess from main tree, now at http://www.pgaccess.org (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1358 <listitem><para>Add pg_on_connection_loss command to libpgtcl (Gerhard Hintermayer, Tom)</para></listitem>
1363 <title>Source Code</title>
1365 <listitem><para>Fix for parallel make (Peter)</para></listitem>
1366 <listitem><para>AIX fixes for linking Tcl (Andreas Zeugswetter)</para></listitem>
1367 <listitem><para>Allow PL/Perl to build under Cygwin (Jason Tishler)</para></listitem>
1368 <listitem><para>Improve MIPS compiles (Peter, Oliver Elphick)</para></listitem>
1369 <listitem><para>Require Autoconf version 2.53 (Peter)</para></listitem>
1370 <listitem><para>Require readline and zlib by default in configure (Peter)</para></listitem>
1371 <listitem><para>Allow Solaris to use Intimate Shared Memory (ISM), for performance (Scott Brunza, P.J. Josh Rovero)</para></listitem>
1372 <listitem><para>Always enable syslog in compile, remove --enable-syslog option (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
1373 <listitem><para>Always enable multibyte in compile, remove --enable-multibyte option (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
1374 <listitem><para>Always enable locale in compile, remove --enable-locale option (Peter)</para></listitem>
1375 <listitem><para>Fix for Win9x DLL creation (Magnus Naeslund)</para></listitem>
1376 <listitem><para>Fix for link() usage by WAL code on Win32, BeOS (Jason Tishler)</para></listitem>
1377 <listitem><para>Add sys/types.h to c.h, remove from main files (Peter, Bruce)</para></listitem>
1378 <listitem><para>Fix AIX hang on SMP machines (Tomoyuki Niijima)</para></listitem>
1379 <listitem><para>AIX SMP hang fix (Tomoyuki Niijima)</para></listitem>
1380 <listitem><para>Fix pre-1970 date handling on newer glibc libraries (Tom)</para></listitem>
1381 <listitem><para>Fix PowerPC SMP locking (Tom)</para></listitem>
1382 <listitem><para>Prevent gcc -ffast-math from being used (Peter, Tom)</para></listitem>
1383 <listitem><para>Bison >= 1.50 now required for developer builds</para></listitem>
1384 <listitem><para>Kerberos 5 support now builds with Heimdal (Peter)</para></listitem>
1385 <listitem><para>Add appendix in the User's Guide which lists SQL features (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1386 <listitem><para>Improve loadable module linking to use RTLD_NOW (Tom)</para></listitem>
1387 <listitem><para>New error levels WARNING, INFO, LOG, DEBUG[1-5] (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1388 <listitem><para>New src/port directory holds replaced libc functions (Peter, Bruce)</para></listitem>
1389 <listitem><para>New pg_namespace system catalog for schemas (Tom)</para></listitem>
1390 <listitem><para>Add pg_class.relnamespace for schemas (Tom)</para></listitem>
1391 <listitem><para>Add pg_type.typnamespace for schemas (Tom)</para></listitem>
1392 <listitem><para>Add pg_proc.pronamespace for schemas (Tom)</para></listitem>
1393 <listitem><para>Restructure aggregates to have pg_proc entries (Tom)</para></listitem>
1394 <listitem><para>System relations now have their own namespace, pg_* test not required (Fernando Nasser)</para></listitem>
1395 <listitem><para>Rename TOAST index names to be *_index rather than *_idx (Neil)</para></listitem>
1396 <listitem><para>Add namespaces for operators, opclasses (Tom)</para></listitem>
1397 <listitem><para>Add additional checks to server control file (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1398 <listitem><para>New Polish FAQ (Marcin Mazurek)</para></listitem>
1399 <listitem><para>Add Posix semaphore support (Tom)</para></listitem>
1400 <listitem><para>Document need for reindex (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1401 <listitem><para>Rename some internal identifiers to simplify Win32 compile (Jan, Katherine Ward)</para></listitem>
1402 <listitem><para>Add documentation on computing disk space (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1403 <listitem><para>Remove KSQO from GUC (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1404 <listitem><para>Fix memory leak in rtree (Kenneth Been)</para></listitem>
1405 <listitem><para>Modify a few error messages for consistency (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1406 <listitem><para>Remove unused system table columns (Peter)</para></listitem>
1407 <listitem><para>Make system columns NOT NULL where appropriate (Tom)</para></listitem>
1408 <listitem><para>Clean up use of sprintf in favor of snprintf() (Neil, Jukka Holappa)</para></listitem>
1409 <listitem><para>Remove OPAQUE and create specific subtypes (Tom)</para></listitem>
1410 <listitem><para>Cleanups in array internal handling (Joe, Tom)</para></listitem>
1411 <listitem><para>Disallow pg_atoi('') (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1412 <listitem><para>Remove parameter wal_files because WAL files are now recycled (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1413 <listitem><para>Add version numbers to heap pages (Tom)</para></listitem>
1418 <title>Contrib</title>
1420 <listitem><para>Allow inet arrays in /contrib/array (Neil)</para></listitem>
1421 <listitem><para>GiST fixes (Teodor Sigaev, Neil)</para></listitem>
1422 <listitem><para>Upgrade /contrib/mysql</para></listitem>
1423 <listitem><para>Add /contrib/dbsize which shows table sizes without vacuum (Peter)</para></listitem>
1424 <listitem><para>Add /contrib/intagg, integer aggregator routines (mlw)</para></listitem>
1425 <listitem><para>Improve /contrib/oid2name (Neil, Bruce)</para></listitem>
1426 <listitem><para>Improve /contrib/tsearch (Oleg, Teodor Sigaev)</para></listitem>
1427 <listitem><para>Cleanups of /contrib/rserver (Alexey V. Borzov)</para></listitem>
1428 <listitem><para>Update /contrib/oracle conversion utility (Gilles Darold)</para></listitem>
1429 <listitem><para>Update /contrib/dblink (Joe)</para></listitem>
1430 <listitem><para>Improve options supported by /contrib/vacuumlo (Mario Weilguni)</para></listitem>
1431 <listitem><para>Improvements to /contrib/intarray (Oleg, Teodor Sigaev, Andrey Oktyabrski)</para></listitem>
1432 <listitem><para>Add /contrib/reindexdb utility (Shaun Thomas)</para></listitem>
1433 <listitem><para>Add indexing to /contrib/isbn_issn (Dan Weston)</para></listitem>
1434 <listitem><para>Add /contrib/dbmirror (Steven Singer)</para></listitem>
1435 <listitem><para>Improve /contrib/pgbench (Neil)</para></listitem>
1436 <listitem><para>Add /contrib/tablefunc table function examples (Joe)</para></listitem>
1437 <listitem><para>Add /contrib/ltree data type for tree structures (Teodor Sigaev, Oleg Bartunov)</para></listitem>
1438 <listitem><para>Move /contrib/pg_controldata, pg_resetxlog into main tree (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1439 <listitem><para>Fixes to /contrib/cube (Bruno Wolff)</para></listitem>
1440 <listitem><para>Improve /contrib/fulltextindex (Christopher)</para></listitem>
1448 <sect1 id="release-7-2-4">
1449 <title>Release 7.2.4</title>
1452 <title>Release date</title>
1453 <simpara>2003-01-30</simpara>
1457 This release contains a variety of fixes for version 7.2.3,
1458 including fixes to prevent possible data loss.
1462 <title>Migration to version 7.2.4</title>
1465 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
1466 running version 7.2.*.
1471 <title>Changes</title>
1474 <listitem><para>Fix some additional cases of VACUUM "No one parent tuple was found" error</para></listitem>
1475 <listitem><para>Prevent VACUUM from being called inside a function (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1476 <listitem><para>Ensure pg_clog updates are sync'd to disk before marking checkpoint complete</para></listitem>
1477 <listitem><para>Avoid integer overflow during large hash joins</para></listitem>
1478 <listitem><para>Make GROUP commands work when pg_group.grolist is large enough to be toasted</para></listitem>
1479 <listitem><para>Fix errors in datetime tables; some timezone names weren't being recognized</para></listitem>
1480 <listitem><para>Fix integer overflows in circle_poly(), path_encode(), path_add() (Neil)</para></listitem>
1481 <listitem><para>Repair long-standing logic errors in lseg_eq(), lseg_ne(), lseg_center()</para></listitem>
1487 <sect1 id="release-7-2-3">
1488 <title>Release 7.2.3</title>
1491 <title>Release date</title>
1492 <simpara>2002-10-01</simpara>
1496 This release contains a variety of fixes for version 7.2.2,
1497 including fixes to prevent possible data loss.
1501 <title>Migration to version 7.2.3</title>
1504 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
1505 running version 7.2.*.
1510 <title>Changes</title>
1513 <listitem><para>Prevent possible compressed transaction log loss (Tom)</para></listitem>
1514 <listitem><para>Prevent non-superuser from increasing most recent vacuum info (Tom)</para></listitem>
1515 <listitem><para>Handle pre-1970 date values in newer versions of glibc (Tom)</para></listitem>
1516 <listitem><para>Fix possible hang during server shutdown</para></listitem>
1517 <listitem><para>Prevent spinlock hangs on SMP PPC machines (Tomoyuki Niijima)</para></listitem>
1518 <listitem><para>Fix <application/pg_dump/ to properly dump FULL JOIN USING (Tom)</para></listitem>
1524 <sect1 id="release-7-2-2">
1525 <title>Release 7.2.2</title>
1528 <title>Release date</title>
1529 <simpara>2002-08-23</simpara>
1533 This release contains a variety of fixes for version 7.2.1.
1537 <title>Migration to version 7.2.2</title>
1540 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
1541 running version 7.2.*.
1546 <title>Changes</title>
1549 <listitem><para>Allow EXECUTE of "CREATE TABLE AS ... SELECT" in PL/pgSQL (Tom)</para></listitem>
1550 <listitem><para>Fix for compressed transaction log id wraparound (Tom)</para></listitem>
1551 <listitem><para>Fix PQescapeBytea/PQunescapeBytea so that they handle bytes > 0x7f (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
1552 <listitem><para>Fix for psql and <application/pg_dump/ crashing when invoked with non-existent long options (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
1553 <listitem><para>Fix crash when invoking geometric operators (Tom)</para></listitem>
1554 <listitem><para>Allow OPEN cursor(args) (Tom)</para></listitem>
1555 <listitem><para>Fix for rtree_gist index build (Teodor)</para></listitem>
1556 <listitem><para>Fix for dumping user-defined aggregates (Tom)</para></listitem>
1557 <listitem><para>contrib/intarray fixes (Oleg)</para></listitem>
1558 <listitem><para>Fix for complex UNION/EXCEPT/INTERSECT queries using parens (Tom)</para></listitem>
1559 <listitem><para>Fix to pg_convert (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
1560 <listitem><para>Fix for crash with long DATA strings (Thomas, Neil)</para></listitem>
1561 <listitem><para>Fix for repeat(), lpad(), rpad() and long strings (Neil)</para></listitem>
1567 <sect1 id="release-7-2-1">
1568 <title>Release 7.2.1</title>
1571 <title>Release date</title>
1572 <simpara>2002-03-21</simpara>
1576 This release contains a variety of fixes for version 7.2.
1580 <title>Migration to version 7.2.1</title>
1583 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
1584 running version 7.2.
1589 <title>Changes</title>
1592 <listitem><para>Ensure that sequence counters do not go backwards after a crash (Tom)</para></listitem>
1593 <listitem><para>Fix pgaccess kanji-conversion key binding (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
1594 <listitem><para>Optimizer improvements (Tom)</para></listitem>
1595 <listitem><para>Cash I/O improvements (Tom)</para></listitem>
1596 <listitem><para>New Russian FAQ</para></listitem>
1597 <listitem><para>Compile fix for missing AuthBlockSig (Heiko)</para></listitem>
1598 <listitem><para>Additional time zones and time zone fixes (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1599 <listitem><para>Allow psql \connect to handle mixed case database and user names (Tom)</para></listitem>
1600 <listitem><para>Return proper OID on command completion even with ON INSERT rules (Tom)</para></listitem>
1601 <listitem><para>Allow COPY FROM to use 8-bit DELIMITERS (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
1602 <listitem><para>Fix bug in extract/date_part for milliseconds/microseconds (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
1603 <listitem><para>Improve handling of multiple UNIONs with different lengths (Tom)</para></listitem>
1604 <listitem><para>contrib/btree_gist improvements (Teodor Sigaev)</para></listitem>
1605 <listitem><para>contrib/tsearch dictionary improvements, see README.tsearch for an additional installation step (Thomas T. Thai, Teodor Sigaev)</para></listitem>
1606 <listitem><para>Fix for array subscripts handling (Tom)</para></listitem>
1607 <listitem><para>Allow EXECUTE of "CREATE TABLE AS ... SELECT" in PL/pgSQL (Tom)</para></listitem>
1613 <sect1 id="release-7-2">
1614 <title>Release 7.2</title>
1617 <title>Release date</title>
1618 <simpara>2002-02-04</simpara>
1622 <title>Overview</title>
1625 This release improves <productname>PostgreSQL</> for use in
1626 high-volume applications.
1630 Major changes in this release:
1637 Vacuuming no longer locks tables, thus allowing normal user
1638 access during the vacuum. A new <command>VACUUM FULL</>
1639 command does old-style vacuum by locking the table and
1640 shrinking the on-disk copy of the table.
1646 <term>Transactions</term>
1649 There is no longer a problem with installations that exceed
1650 four billion transactions.
1659 OIDs are now optional. Users can now create tables without
1660 OIDs for cases where OID usage is excessive.
1666 <term>Optimizer</term>
1669 The system now computes histogram column statistics during
1670 <command>ANALYZE</>, allowing much better optimizer choices.
1676 <term>Security</term>
1679 A new MD5 encryption option allows more secure storage and
1680 transfer of passwords. A new Unix-domain socket
1681 authentication option is available on Linux and BSD systems.
1687 <term>Statistics</term>
1690 Administrators can use the new table access statistics module
1691 to get fine-grained information about table and index usage.
1697 <term>Internationalization</term>
1700 Program and library messages can now be displayed in several
1710 <title>Migration to version 7.2</title>
1713 A dump/restore using <command>pg_dump</command> is required for
1714 those wishing to migrate data from any previous release.
1718 Observe the following incompatibilities:
1723 The semantics of the <command>VACUUM</command> command have
1724 changed in this release. You may wish to update your
1725 maintenance procedures accordingly.
1731 In this release, comparisons using <literal>= NULL</literal>
1732 will always return false (or NULL, more precisely). Previous
1733 releases automatically transformed this syntax to <literal>IS
1734 NULL</literal>. The old behavior can be re-enabled using a
1735 <filename>postgresql.conf</filename> parameter.
1741 The <filename>pg_hba.conf</> and <filename>pg_ident.conf</>
1742 configuration is now only reloaded after receiving a
1743 <systemitem>SIGHUP</> signal, not with each connection.
1749 The function <filename>octet_length()</> now returns the uncompressed data length.
1755 The date/time value <literal>'current'</literal> is no longer
1756 available. You will need to rewrite your applications.
1762 The <literal>timestamp()</literal>, <literal>time()</literal>,
1763 and <literal>interval()</literal> functions are no longer
1764 available. Instead of <literal>timestamp()</literal>, use
1765 <literal>timestamp 'string'</literal> or <literal>CAST</literal>.
1772 The <literal>SELECT ... LIMIT #,#</literal> syntax will be removed
1773 in the next release. You should change your queries to use
1774 separate LIMIT and OFFSET clauses, e.g. <literal>LIMIT 10 OFFSET
1780 <title>Changes</title>
1783 <title>Server Operation</title>
1785 <listitem><para>Create temporary files in a separate directory (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1786 <listitem><para>Delete orphaned temporary files on postmaster startup (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1787 <listitem><para>Added unique indexes to some system tables (Tom)</para></listitem>
1788 <listitem><para>System table operator reorganization (Oleg Bartunov, Teodor Sigaev, Tom)</para></listitem>
1789 <listitem><para>Renamed pg_log to pg_clog (Tom)</para></listitem>
1790 <listitem><para>Enable SIGTERM, SIGQUIT to kill backends (Jan)</para></listitem>
1791 <listitem><para>Removed compile-time limit on number of backends (Tom)</para></listitem>
1792 <listitem><para>Better cleanup for semaphore resource failure (Tatsuo, Tom)</para></listitem>
1793 <listitem><para>Allow safe transaction ID wraparound (Tom)</para></listitem>
1794 <listitem><para>Removed OIDs from some system tables (Tom)</para></listitem>
1795 <listitem><para>Removed "triggered data change violation" error check (Tom)</para></listitem>
1796 <listitem><para>SPI portal creation of prepared/saved plans (Jan)</para></listitem>
1797 <listitem><para>Allow SPI column functions to work for system columns (Tom)</para></listitem>
1798 <listitem><para>Long value compression improvement (Tom)</para></listitem>
1799 <listitem><para>Statistics collector for table, index access (Jan)</para></listitem>
1800 <listitem><para>Truncate extra-long sequence names to a reasonable value (Tom)</para></listitem>
1801 <listitem><para>Measure transaction times in milliseconds (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1802 <listitem><para>Fix TID sequential scans (Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
1803 <listitem><para>Superuser ID now fixed at 1 (Peter E)</para></listitem>
1804 <listitem><para>New pg_ctl "reload" option (Tom)</para></listitem>
1809 <title>Performance</title>
1811 <listitem><para>Optimizer improvements (Tom)</para></listitem>
1812 <listitem><para>New histogram column statistics for optimizer (Tom)</para></listitem>
1813 <listitem><para>Reuse write-ahead log files rather than discarding them (Tom)</para></listitem>
1814 <listitem><para>Cache improvements (Tom)</para></listitem>
1815 <listitem><para>IS NULL, IS NOT NULL optimizer improvement (Tom)</para></listitem>
1816 <listitem><para>Improve lock manager to reduce lock contention (Tom)</para></listitem>
1817 <listitem><para>Keep relcache entries for index access support functions (Tom)</para></listitem>
1818 <listitem><para>Allow better selectivity with NaN and infinities in NUMERIC (Tom)</para></listitem>
1819 <listitem><para>R-tree performance improvements (Kenneth Been)</para></listitem>
1820 <listitem><para>B-tree splits more efficient (Tom)</para></listitem>
1825 <title>Privileges</title>
1827 <listitem><para>Change UPDATE, DELETE permissions to be distinct (Peter E)</para></listitem>
1828 <listitem><para>New REFERENCES, TRIGGER privileges (Peter E)</para></listitem>
1829 <listitem><para>Allow GRANT/REVOKE to/from more than one user at a time (Peter E)</para></listitem>
1830 <listitem><para>New has_table_privilege() function (Joe Conway)</para></listitem>
1831 <listitem><para>Allow non-superuser to vacuum database (Tom)</para></listitem>
1832 <listitem><para>New SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION command (Peter E)</para></listitem>
1833 <listitem><para>Fix bug in privilege modifications on newly created tables (Tom)</para></listitem>
1834 <listitem><para>Disallow access to pg_statistic for non-superuser, add user-accessible views (Tom)</para></listitem>
1839 <title>Client Authentication</title>
1841 <listitem><para>Fork postmaster before doing authentication to prevent hangs (Peter E)</para></listitem>
1842 <listitem><para>Add ident authentication over Unix domain sockets on Linux, *BSD (Helge Bahmann, Oliver Elphick, Teodor Sigaev, Bruce)</para></listitem>
1843 <listitem><para>Add a password authentication method that uses MD5 encryption (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1844 <listitem><para>Allow encryption of stored passwords using MD5 (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1845 <listitem><para>PAM authentication (Dominic J. Eidson)</para></listitem>
1846 <listitem><para>Load pg_hba.conf and pg_ident.conf only on startup and SIGHUP (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1851 <title>Server Configuration</title>
1853 <listitem><para>Interpretation of some time zone abbreviations as Australian rather than North American now settable at run time (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1854 <listitem><para>New parameter to set default transaction isolation level (Peter E)</para></listitem>
1855 <listitem><para>New parameter to enable conversion of "expr = NULL" into "expr IS NULL", off by default (Peter E)</para></listitem>
1856 <listitem><para>New parameter to control memory usage by VACUUM (Tom)</para></listitem>
1857 <listitem><para>New parameter to set client authentication timeout (Tom)</para></listitem>
1858 <listitem><para>New parameter to set maximum number of open files (Tom)</para></listitem>
1863 <title>Queries</title>
1865 <listitem><para>Statements added by INSERT rules now execute after the INSERT (Jan)</para></listitem>
1866 <listitem><para>Prevent unadorned relation names in target list (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1867 <listitem><para>NULLs now sort after all normal values in ORDER BY (Tom)</para></listitem>
1868 <listitem><para>New IS UNKNOWN, IS NOT UNKNOWN Boolean tests (Tom)</para></listitem>
1869 <listitem><para>New SHARE UPDATE EXCLUSIVE lock mode (Tom)</para></listitem>
1870 <listitem><para>New EXPLAIN ANALYZE command that shows run times and row counts (Martijn van Oosterhout)</para></listitem>
1871 <listitem><para>Fix problem with LIMIT and subqueries (Tom)</para></listitem>
1872 <listitem><para>Fix for LIMIT, DISTINCT ON pushed into subqueries (Tom)</para></listitem>
1873 <listitem><para>Fix nested EXCEPT/INTERSECT (Tom)</para></listitem>
1878 <title>Schema Manipulation</title>
1880 <listitem><para>Fix SERIAL in temporary tables (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1881 <listitem><para>Allow temporary sequences (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1882 <listitem><para>Sequences now use int8 internally (Tom)</para></listitem>
1883 <listitem><para>New SERIAL8 creates int8 columns with sequences, default still SERIAL4 (Tom)</para></listitem>
1884 <listitem><para>Make OIDs optional using WITHOUT OIDS (Tom)</para></listitem>
1885 <listitem><para>Add %TYPE syntax to CREATE TYPE (Ian Lance Taylor)</para></listitem>
1886 <listitem><para>Add ALTER TABLE / DROP CONSTRAINT for CHECK constraints (Christopher Kings-Lynne)</para></listitem>
1887 <listitem><para>New CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION to alter existing function (preserving the function OID) (Gavin Sherry)</para></listitem>
1888 <listitem><para>Add ALTER TABLE / ADD [ UNIQUE | PRIMARY ] (Christopher Kings-Lynne)</para></listitem>
1889 <listitem><para>Allow column renaming in views</para></listitem>
1890 <listitem><para>Make ALTER TABLE / RENAME COLUMN update column names of indexes (Brent Verner)</para></listitem>
1891 <listitem><para>Fix for ALTER TABLE / ADD CONSTRAINT ... CHECK with inherited tables (Stephan Szabo)</para></listitem>
1892 <listitem><para>ALTER TABLE RENAME update foreign-key trigger arguments correctly (Brent Verner)</para></listitem>
1893 <listitem><para>DROP AGGREGATE and COMMENT ON AGGREGATE now accept an aggtype (Tom)</para></listitem>
1894 <listitem><para>Add automatic return type data casting for SQL functions (Tom)</para></listitem>
1895 <listitem><para>Allow GiST indexes to handle NULLs and multikey indexes (Oleg Bartunov, Teodor Sigaev, Tom)</para></listitem>
1896 <listitem><para>Enable partial indexes (Martijn van Oosterhout)</para></listitem>
1901 <title>Utility Commands</title>
1903 <listitem><para>Add RESET ALL, SHOW ALL (Marko Kreen)</para></listitem>
1904 <listitem><para>CREATE/ALTER USER/GROUP now allow options in any order (Vince)</para></listitem>
1905 <listitem><para>Add LOCK A, B, C functionality (Neil Padgett)</para></listitem>
1906 <listitem><para>New ENCRYPTED/UNENCRYPTED option to CREATE/ALTER USER (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1907 <listitem><para>New light-weight VACUUM does not lock table; old semantics are available as VACUUM FULL (Tom)</para></listitem>
1908 <listitem><para>Disable COPY TO/FROM on views (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1909 <listitem><para>COPY DELIMITERS string must be exactly one character (Tom)</para></listitem>
1910 <listitem><para>VACUUM warning about index tuples fewer than heap now only appears when appropriate (Martijn van Oosterhout)</para></listitem>
1911 <listitem><para>Fix permission checks for CREATE INDEX (Tom)</para></listitem>
1912 <listitem><para>Disallow inappropriate use of CREATE/DROP INDEX/TRIGGER/VIEW (Tom)</para></listitem>
1917 <title>Data Types and Functions</title>
1919 <listitem><para>SUM(), AVG(), COUNT() now uses int8 internally for speed (Tom)</para></listitem>
1920 <listitem><para>Add convert(), convert2() (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
1921 <listitem><para>New function bit_length() (Peter E)</para></listitem>
1922 <listitem><para>Make the "n" in CHAR(n)/VARCHAR(n) represents letters, not bytes (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
1923 <listitem><para>CHAR(), VARCHAR() now reject strings that are too long (Peter E)</para></listitem>
1924 <listitem><para>BIT VARYING now rejects bit strings that are too long (Peter E)</para></listitem>
1925 <listitem><para>BIT now rejects bit strings that do not match declared size (Peter E)</para></listitem>
1926 <listitem><para>INET, CIDR text conversion functions (Alex Pilosov)</para></listitem>
1927 <listitem><para>INET, CIDR operators << and <<= indexable (Alex Pilosov)</para></listitem>
1928 <listitem><para>Bytea \### now requires valid three digit octal number</para></listitem>
1929 <listitem><para>Bytea comparison improvements, now supports =, <>, >, >=, <, and <=</para></listitem>
1930 <listitem><para>Bytea now supports B-tree indexes</para></listitem>
1931 <listitem><para>Bytea now supports LIKE, LIKE...ESCAPE, NOT LIKE, NOT LIKE...ESCAPE</para></listitem>
1932 <listitem><para>Bytea now supports concatenation</para></listitem>
1933 <listitem><para>New bytea functions: position, substring, trim, btrim, and length</para></listitem>
1934 <listitem><para>New encode() function mode, "escaped", converts minimally escaped bytea to/from text</para></listitem>
1935 <listitem><para>Add pg_database_encoding_max_length() (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
1936 <listitem><para>Add pg_client_encoding() function (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
1937 <listitem><para>now() returns time with millisecond precision (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1938 <listitem><para>New TIMESTAMP WITHOUT TIMEZONE data type (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1939 <listitem><para>Add ISO date/time specification with "T", yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ss (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1940 <listitem><para>New xid/int comparison functions (Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
1941 <listitem><para>Add precision to TIME, TIMESTAMP, and INTERVAL data types (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1942 <listitem><para>Modify type coercion logic to attempt binary-compatible functions first (Tom)</para></listitem>
1943 <listitem><para>New encode() function installed by default (Marko Kreen)</para></listitem>
1944 <listitem><para>Improved to_*() conversion functions (Karel Zak)</para></listitem>
1945 <listitem><para>Optimize LIKE/ILIKE when using single-byte encodings (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
1946 <listitem><para>New functions in contrib/pgcrypto: crypt(), hmac(), encrypt(), gen_salt() (Marko Kreen)</para></listitem>
1947 <listitem><para>Correct description of translate() function (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1948 <listitem><para>Add INTERVAL argument for SET TIME ZONE (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1949 <listitem><para>Add INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH (etc.) syntax (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1950 <listitem><para>Optimize length functions when using single-byte encodings (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
1951 <listitem><para>Fix path_inter, path_distance, path_length, dist_ppath to handle closed paths (Curtis Barrett, Tom)</para></listitem>
1952 <listitem><para>octet_length(text) now returns non-compressed length (Tatsuo, Bruce)</para></listitem>
1953 <listitem><para>Handle "July" full name in date/time literals (Greg Sabino Mullane)</para></listitem>
1954 <listitem><para>Some datatype() function calls now evaluated differently</para></listitem>
1955 <listitem><para>Add support for Julian and ISO time specifications (Thomas)</para></listitem>
1960 <title>Internationalization</title>
1962 <listitem><para>National language support in psql, <application/pg_dump/, libpq, and server (Peter E)</para></listitem>
1963 <listitem><para>Message translations in Chinese (simplified, traditional), Czech, French, German, Hungarian, Russian, Swedish (Peter E, Serguei A. Mokhov, Karel Zak, Weiping He, Zhenbang Wei, Kovacs Zoltan)</para></listitem>
1964 <listitem><para>Make trim, ltrim, rtrim, btrim, lpad, rpad, translate multibyte aware (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
1965 <listitem><para>Add LATIN5,6,7,8,9,10 support (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
1966 <listitem><para>Add ISO 8859-5,6,7,8 support (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
1967 <listitem><para>Correct LATIN5 to mean ISO-8859-9, not ISO-8859-5 (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
1968 <listitem><para>Make mic2ascii() non-ASCII aware (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
1969 <listitem><para>Reject invalid multibyte character sequences (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
1974 <title><application>PL/pgSQL</></title>
1976 <listitem><para>Now uses portals for SELECT loops, allowing huge result sets (Jan)</para></listitem>
1977 <listitem><para>CURSOR and REFCURSOR support (Jan)</para></listitem>
1978 <listitem><para>Can now return open cursors (Jan)</para></listitem>
1979 <listitem><para>Add ELSEIF (Klaus Reger)</para></listitem>
1980 <listitem><para>Improve PL/pgSQL error reporting, including location of error (Tom)</para></listitem>
1981 <listitem><para>Allow IS or FOR key words in cursor declaration, for compatibility (Bruce)</para></listitem>
1982 <listitem><para>Fix for SELECT ... FOR UPDATE (Tom)</para></listitem>
1983 <listitem><para>Fix for PERFORM returning multiple rows (Tom)</para></listitem>
1984 <listitem><para>Make PL/pgSQL use the server's type coercion code (Tom)</para></listitem>
1985 <listitem><para>Memory leak fix (Jan, Tom)</para></listitem>
1986 <listitem><para>Make trailing semicolon optional (Tom)</para></listitem>
1991 <title>PL/Perl</title>
1993 <listitem><para>New untrusted PL/Perl (Alex Pilosov)</para></listitem>
1994 <listitem><para>PL/Perl is now built on some platforms even if libperl is not shared (Peter E)</para></listitem>
1999 <title>PL/Tcl</title>
2001 <listitem><para>Now reports errorInfo (Vsevolod Lobko)</para></listitem>
2002 <listitem><para>Add spi_lastoid function (bob@redivi.com)</para></listitem>
2007 <title>PL/Python</title>
2009 <listitem><para>...is new (Andrew Bosma)</para></listitem>
2014 <title><application>psql</></title>
2016 <listitem><para>\d displays indexes in unique, primary groupings (Christopher Kings-Lynne)</para></listitem>
2017 <listitem><para>Allow trailing semicolons in backslash commands (Greg Sabino Mullane)</para></listitem>
2018 <listitem><para>Read password from /dev/tty if possible</para></listitem>
2019 <listitem><para>Force new password prompt when changing user and database (Tatsuo, Tom)</para></listitem>
2020 <listitem><para>Format the correct number of columns for Unicode (Patrice)</para></listitem>
2025 <title><application>libpq</></title>
2027 <listitem><para>New function PQescapeString() to escape quotes in command strings (Florian Weimer)</para></listitem>
2028 <listitem><para>New function PQescapeBytea() escapes binary strings for use as SQL string literals</para></listitem>
2035 <listitem><para>Return OID of INSERT (Ken K)</para></listitem>
2036 <listitem><para>Handle more data types (Ken K)</para></listitem>
2037 <listitem><para>Handle single quotes and newlines in strings (Ken K)</para></listitem>
2038 <listitem><para>Handle NULL variables (Ken K)</para></listitem>
2039 <listitem><para>Fix for time zone handling (Barry Lind)</para></listitem>
2040 <listitem><para>Improved Druid support</para></listitem>
2041 <listitem><para>Allow eight-bit characters with non-multibyte server (Barry Lind)</para></listitem>
2042 <listitem><para>Support BIT, BINARY types (Ned Wolpert)</para></listitem>
2043 <listitem><para>Reduce memory usage (Michael Stephens, Dave Cramer)</para></listitem>
2044 <listitem><para>Update DatabaseMetaData (Peter E)</para></listitem>
2045 <listitem><para>Add DatabaseMetaData.getCatalogs() (Peter E)</para></listitem>
2046 <listitem><para>Encoding fixes (Anders Bengtsson)</para></listitem>
2047 <listitem><para>Get/setCatalog methods (Jason Davies)</para></listitem>
2048 <listitem><para>DatabaseMetaData.getColumns() now returns column defaults (Jason Davies)</para></listitem>
2049 <listitem><para>DatabaseMetaData.getColumns() performance improvement (Jeroen van Vianen)</para></listitem>
2050 <listitem><para>Some JDBC1 and JDBC2 merging (Anders Bengtsson)</para></listitem>
2051 <listitem><para>Transaction performance improvements (Barry Lind)</para></listitem>
2052 <listitem><para>Array fixes (Greg Zoller)</para></listitem>
2053 <listitem><para>Serialize addition </para></listitem>
2054 <listitem><para>Fix batch processing (Rene Pijlman)</para></listitem>
2055 <listitem><para>ExecSQL method reorganization (Anders Bengtsson)</para></listitem>
2056 <listitem><para>GetColumn() fixes (Jeroen van Vianen)</para></listitem>
2057 <listitem><para>Fix isWriteable() function (Rene Pijlman)</para></listitem>
2058 <listitem><para>Improved passage of JDBC2 conformance tests (Rene Pijlman)</para></listitem>
2059 <listitem><para>Add bytea type capability (Barry Lind)</para></listitem>
2060 <listitem><para>Add isNullable() (Rene Pijlman)</para></listitem>
2061 <listitem><para>JDBC date/time test suite fixes (Liam Stewart)</para></listitem>
2062 <listitem><para>Fix for SELECT 'id' AS xxx FROM table (Dave Cramer)</para></listitem>
2063 <listitem><para>Fix DatabaseMetaData to show precision properly (Mark Lillywhite)</para></listitem>
2064 <listitem><para>New getImported/getExported keys (Jason Davies)</para></listitem>
2065 <listitem><para>MD5 password encryption support (Jeremy Wohl)</para></listitem>
2066 <listitem><para>Fix to actually use type cache (Ned Wolpert)</para></listitem>
2073 <listitem><para>Remove query size limit (Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
2074 <listitem><para>Remove text field size limit (Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
2075 <listitem><para>Fix for SQLPrimaryKeys in multibyte mode (Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
2076 <listitem><para>Allow ODBC procedure calls (Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
2077 <listitem><para>Improve boolean handing (Aidan Mountford)</para></listitem>
2078 <listitem><para>Most configuration options now settable via DSN (Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
2079 <listitem><para>Multibyte, performance fixes (Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
2080 <listitem><para>Allow driver to be used with iODBC or unixODBC (Peter E)</para></listitem>
2081 <listitem><para>MD5 password encryption support (Bruce)</para></listitem>
2082 <listitem><para>Add more compatibility functions to odbc.sql (Peter E)</para></listitem>
2087 <title><application>ECPG</></title>
2089 <listitem><para>EXECUTE ... INTO implemented (Christof Petig)</para></listitem>
2090 <listitem><para>Multiple row descriptor support (e.g. CARDINALITY) (Christof Petig)</para></listitem>
2091 <listitem><para>Fix for GRANT parameters (Lee Kindness)</para></listitem>
2092 <listitem><para>Fix INITIALLY DEFERRED bug</para></listitem>
2093 <listitem><para>Various bug fixes (Michael, Christof Petig)</para></listitem>
2094 <listitem><para>Auto allocation for indicator variable arrays (int *ind_p=NULL)</para></listitem>
2095 <listitem><para>Auto allocation for string arrays (char **foo_pp=NULL)</para></listitem>
2096 <listitem><para>ECPGfree_auto_mem fixed</para></listitem>
2097 <listitem><para>All function names with external linkage are now prefixed by ECPG</para></listitem>
2098 <listitem><para>Fixes for arrays of structures (Michael)</para></listitem>
2103 <title>Misc. Interfaces</title>
2105 <listitem><para>Python fix fetchone() (Gerhard Haring)</para></listitem>
2106 <listitem><para>Use UTF, Unicode in Tcl where appropriate (Vsevolod Lobko, Reinhard Max)</para></listitem>
2107 <listitem><para>Add Tcl COPY TO/FROM (ljb)</para></listitem>
2108 <listitem><para>Prevent output of default index op class in <application/pg_dump/ (Tom)</para></listitem>
2109 <listitem><para>Fix libpgeasy memory leak (Bruce)</para></listitem>
2114 <title>Build and Install</title>
2116 <listitem><para>Configure, dynamic loader, and shared library fixes (Peter E)</para></listitem>
2117 <listitem><para>Fixes in QNX 4 port (Bernd Tegge)</para></listitem>
2118 <listitem><para>Fixes in Cygwin and Win32 ports (Jason Tishler, Gerhard Haring, Dmitry Yurtaev, Darko Prenosil, Mikhail Terekhov)</para></listitem>
2119 <listitem><para>Fix for Win32 socket communication failures (Magnus, Mikhail Terekhov)</para></listitem>
2120 <listitem><para>Hurd compile fix (Oliver Elphick)</para></listitem>
2121 <listitem><para>BeOS fixes (Cyril Velter)</para></listitem>
2122 <listitem><para>Remove configure --enable-unicode-conversion, now enabled by multibyte (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
2123 <listitem><para>AIX fixes (Tatsuo, Andreas)</para></listitem>
2124 <listitem><para>Fix parallel make (Peter E)</para></listitem>
2125 <listitem><para>Install SQL language manual pages into OS-specific directories (Peter E)</para></listitem>
2126 <listitem><para>Rename config.h to pg_config.h (Peter E)</para></listitem>
2127 <listitem><para>Reorganize installation layout of header files (Peter E)</para></listitem>
2132 <title>Source Code</title>
2134 <listitem><para>Remove SEP_CHAR (Bruce)</para></listitem>
2135 <listitem><para>New GUC hooks (Tom)</para></listitem>
2136 <listitem><para>Merge GUC and command line handling (Marko Kreen)</para></listitem>
2137 <listitem><para>Remove EXTEND INDEX (Martijn van Oosterhout, Tom)</para></listitem>
2138 <listitem><para>New pgjindent utility to indent java code (Bruce)</para></listitem>
2139 <listitem><para>Remove define of true/false when compiling under C++ (Leandro Fanzone, Tom)</para></listitem>
2140 <listitem><para>pgindent fixes (Bruce, Tom)</para></listitem>
2141 <listitem><para>Replace strcasecmp() with strcmp() where appropriate (Peter E)</para></listitem>
2142 <listitem><para>Dynahash portability improvements (Tom)</para></listitem>
2143 <listitem><para>Add 'volatile' usage in spinlock structures</para></listitem>
2144 <listitem><para>Improve signal handling logic (Tom)</para></listitem>
2149 <title>Contrib</title>
2151 <listitem><para>New contrib/rtree_gist (Oleg Bartunov, Teodor Sigaev)</para></listitem>
2152 <listitem><para>New contrib/tsearch full-text indexing (Oleg, Teodor Sigaev)</para></listitem>
2153 <listitem><para>Add contrib/dblink for remote database access (Joe Conway)</para></listitem>
2154 <listitem><para>contrib/ora2pg Oracle conversion utility (Gilles Darold)</para></listitem>
2155 <listitem><para>contrib/xml XML conversion utility (John Gray)</para></listitem>
2156 <listitem><para>contrib/fulltextindex fixes (Christopher Kings-Lynne)</para></listitem>
2157 <listitem><para>New contrib/fuzzystrmatch with levenshtein and metaphone, soundex merged (Joe Conway)</para></listitem>
2158 <listitem><para>Add contrib/intarray boolean queries, binary search, fixes (Oleg Bartunov)</para></listitem>
2159 <listitem><para>New pg_upgrade utility (Bruce)</para></listitem>
2160 <listitem><para>Add new pg_resetxlog options (Bruce, Tom)</para></listitem>
2167 <sect1 id="release-7-1-3">
2168 <title>Release 7.1.3</title>
2171 <title>Release date</title>
2172 <simpara>2001-08-15</simpara>
2176 <title>Migration to version 7.1.3</title>
2179 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
2185 <title>Changes</title>
2189 Remove unused WAL segements of large transactions (Tom)
2190 Multiaction rule fix (Tom)
2191 PL/pgSQL memory allocation fix (Jan)
2192 VACUUM buffer fix (Tom)
2193 Regression test fixes (Tom)
2194 pg_dump fixes for GRANT/REVOKE/comments on views, user-defined types (Tom)
2195 Fix subselects with DISTINCT ON or LIMIT (Tom)
2197 Disable COPY TO/FROM a view (Tom)
2198 Cygwin build (Jason Tishler)
2205 <sect1 id="release-7-1-2">
2206 <title>Release 7.1.2</title>
2209 <title>Release date</title>
2210 <simpara>2001-05-11</simpara>
2214 This has one fix from 7.1.1.
2219 <title>Migration to version 7.1.2</title>
2222 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
2228 <title>Changes</title>
2232 Fix PL/pgSQL SELECTs when returning no rows
2233 Fix for psql backslash core dump
2234 Referential integrity permission fix
2243 <sect1 id="release-7-1-1">
2244 <title>Release 7.1.1</title>
2247 <title>Release date</title>
2248 <simpara>2001-05-05</simpara>
2252 This has a variety of fixes from 7.1.
2257 <title>Migration to version 7.1.1</title>
2260 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
2266 <title>Changes</title>
2270 Fix for numeric MODULO operator (Tom)
2271 pg_dump fixes (Philip)
2272 pg_dump can dump 7.0 databases (Philip)
2273 readline 4.2 fixes (Peter E)
2275 AIX, MSWIN, VAX, N32K fixes (Tom)
2276 Multibytes fixes (Tom)
2277 Unicode fixes (Tatsuo)
2278 Optimizer improvements (Tom)
2279 Fix for whole tuples in functions (Tom)
2280 Fix for pg_ctl and option strings with spaces (Peter E)
2281 ODBC fixes (Hiroshi)
2282 EXTRACT can now take string argument (Thomas)
2283 Python fixes (Darcy)
2290 <sect1 id="release-7-1">
2291 <title>Release 7.1</title>
2294 <title>Release date</title>
2295 <simpara>2001-04-13</simpara>
2299 This release focuses on removing limitations that have existed in the
2300 PostgreSQL code for many years.
2304 Major changes in this release:
2309 Write-ahead Log (WAL)
2313 To maintain database consistency in case
2314 of an operating system crash, previous releases of PostgreSQL have
2315 forced all data modifications to disk before each transaction commit.
2316 With WAL, only one log file must be flushed to disk, greatly improving
2317 performance. If you have been using -F in previous releases to disable
2318 disk flushes, you may want to consider discontinuing its use.
2329 TOAST - Previous releases had a compiled-in row length limit,
2330 typically 8k - 32k. This limit made storage of long text fields
2331 difficult. With TOAST, long rows of any length can be stored with good
2343 We now support outer joins. The UNION/NOT IN
2344 workaround for outer joins is no longer required. We use the SQL92
2356 The previous C function manager did not
2357 handle null values properly, nor did it support 64-bit <acronym>CPU</acronym>'s (Alpha). The new
2358 function manager does. You can continue using your old custom
2359 functions, but you may want to rewrite them in the future to use the new
2360 function manager call interface.
2371 A large number of complex queries that were
2372 unsupported in previous releases now work. Many combinations of views,
2373 aggregates, UNION, LIMIT, cursors, subqueries, and inherited tables
2374 now work properly. Inherited tables are now accessed by default.
2375 Subqueries in FROM are now supported.
2384 <title>Migration to version 7.1</title>
2387 A dump/restore using pg_dump is required for those wishing to migrate
2388 data from any previous release.
2393 <title>Changes</title>
2399 Many multibyte/Unicode/locale fixes (Tatsuo and others)
2400 More reliable ALTER TABLE RENAME (Tom)
2401 Kerberos V fixes (David Wragg)
2402 Fix for INSERT INTO...SELECT where targetlist has subqueries (Tom)
2403 Prompt username/password on standard error (Bruce)
2404 Large objects inv_read/inv_write fixes (Tom)
2405 Fixes for to_char(), to_date(), to_ascii(), and to_timestamp() (Karel,
2407 Prevent query expressions from leaking memory (Tom)
2408 Allow UPDATE of arrays elements (Tom)
2409 Wake up lock waiters during cancel (Hiroshi)
2410 Fix rare cursor crash when using hash join (Tom)
2411 Fix for DROP TABLE/INDEX in rolled-back transaction (Hiroshi)
2412 Fix psql crash from \l+ if MULTIBYTE enabled (Peter E)
2413 Fix truncation of rule names during CREATE VIEW (Ross Reedstrom)
2414 Fix PL/perl (Alex Kapranoff)
2415 Disallow LOCK on views (Mark Hollomon)
2416 Disallow INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE on views (Mark Hollomon)
2417 Disallow DROP RULE, CREATE INDEX, TRUNCATE on views (Mark Hollomon)
2418 Allow PL/pgSQL accept non-ASCII identifiers (Tatsuo)
2419 Allow views to proper handle GROUP BY, aggregates, DISTINCT (Tom)
2420 Fix rare failure with TRUNCATE command (Tom)
2421 Allow UNION/INTERSECT/EXCEPT to be used with ALL, subqueries, views,
2422 DISTINCT, ORDER BY, SELECT...INTO (Tom)
2423 Fix parser failures during aborted transactions (Tom)
2424 Allow temporary relations to properly clean up indexes (Bruce)
2425 Fix VACUUM problem with moving rows in same page (Tom)
2426 Modify pg_dump to better handle user-defined items in template1 (Philip)
2427 Allow LIMIT in VIEW (Tom)
2428 Require cursor FETCH to honor LIMIT (Tom)
2429 Allow PRIMARY/FOREIGN Key definitions on inherited columns (Stephan)
2430 Allow ORDER BY, LIMIT in sub-selects (Tom)
2431 Allow UNION in CREATE RULE (Tom)
2432 Make ALTER/DROP TABLE rollback-able (Vadim, Tom)
2433 Store initdb collation in pg_control so collation cannot be changed (Tom)
2434 Fix INSERT...SELECT with rules (Tom)
2435 Fix FOR UPDATE inside views and subselects (Tom)
2436 Fix OVERLAPS operators conform to SQL92 spec regarding NULLs (Tom)
2437 Fix lpad() and rpad() to handle length less than input string (Tom)
2438 Fix use of NOTIFY in some rules (Tom)
2439 Overhaul btree code (Tom)
2440 Fix NOT NULL use in Pl/pgSQL variables (Tom)
2441 Overhaul GIST code (Oleg)
2442 Fix CLUSTER to preserve constraints and column default (Tom)
2443 Improved deadlock detection handling (Tom)
2444 Allow multiple SERIAL columns in a table (Tom)
2445 Prevent occasional index corruption (Vadim)
2449 Add OUTER JOINs (Tom)
2450 Function manager overhaul (Tom)
2451 Allow ALTER TABLE RENAME on indexes (Tom)
2452 Improve CLUSTER (Tom)
2453 Improve ps status display for more platforms (Peter E, Marc)
2454 Improve CREATE FUNCTION failure message (Ross)
2455 JDBC improvements (Peter, Travis Bauer, Christopher Cain, William Webber,
2457 Grand Unified Configuration scheme/GUC. Many options can now be set in
2458 data/postgresql.conf, postmaster/postgres flags, or SET commands (Peter E)
2459 Improved handling of file descriptor cache (Tom)
2460 New warning code about auto-created table alias entries (Bruce)
2461 Overhaul initdb process (Tom, Peter E)
2462 Overhaul of inherited tables; inherited tables now accessed by default;
2463 new ONLY keyword prevents it (Chris Bitmead, Tom)
2464 ODBC cleanups/improvements (Nick Gorham, Stephan Szabo, Zoltan Kovacs,
2466 Allow renaming of temp tables (Tom)
2467 Overhaul memory manager contexts (Tom)
2468 pg_dumpall uses CREATE USER or CREATE GROUP rather using COPY (Peter E)
2469 Overhaul pg_dump (Philip Warner)
2470 Allow pg_hba.conf secondary password file to specify only username (Peter E)
2471 Allow TEMPORARY or TEMP keyword when creating temporary tables (Bruce)
2472 New memory leak checker (Karel)
2473 New SET SESSION CHARACTERISTICS (Thomas)
2474 Allow nested block comments (Thomas)
2475 Add WITHOUT TIME ZONE type qualifier (Thomas)
2476 New ALTER TABLE ADD CONSTRAINT (Stephan)
2477 Use NUMERIC accumulators for INTEGER aggregates (Tom)
2478 Overhaul aggregate code (Tom)
2479 New VARIANCE and STDDEV() aggregates
2480 Improve dependency ordering of pg_dump (Philip)
2481 New pg_restore command (Philip)
2482 New pg_dump tar output option (Philip)
2483 New pg_dump of large objects (Philip)
2484 New ESCAPE option to LIKE (Thomas)
2485 New case-insensitive LIKE - ILIKE (Thomas)
2486 Allow functional indexes to use binary-compatible type (Tom)
2487 Allow SQL functions to be used in more contexts (Tom)
2488 New pg_config utility (Peter E)
2489 New PL/pgSQL EXECUTE command which allows dynamic SQL and utility statements
2491 New PL/pgSQL GET DIAGNOSTICS statement for SPI value access (Jan)
2492 New quote_identifiers() and quote_literal() functions (Jan)
2493 New ALTER TABLE table OWNER TO user command (Mark Hollomon)
2494 Allow subselects in FROM, i.e. FROM (SELECT ...) [AS] alias (Tom)
2495 Update PyGreSQL to version 3.1 (D'Arcy)
2496 Store tables as files named by OID (Vadim)
2497 New SQL function setval(seq,val,bool) for use in pg_dump (Philip)
2498 Require DROP VIEW to remove views, no DROP TABLE (Mark)
2499 Allow DROP VIEW view1, view2 (Mark)
2500 Allow multiple objects in DROP INDEX, DROP RULE, and DROP TYPE (Tom)
2501 Allow automatic conversion to/from Unicode (Tatsuo, Eiji)
2502 New /contrib/pgcrypto hashing functions (Marko Kreen)
2503 New pg_dumpall --globals-only option (Peter E)
2504 New CHECKPOINT command for WAL which creates new WAL log file (Vadim)
2505 New AT TIME ZONE syntax (Thomas)
2506 Allow location of Unix domain socket to be configurable (David J. MacKenzie)
2507 Allow postmaster to listen on a specific IP address (David J. MacKenzie)
2508 Allow socket path name to be specified in hostname by using leading slash
2509 (David J. MacKenzie)
2510 Allow CREATE DATABASE to specify template database (Tom)
2511 New utility to convert MySQL schema dumps to SQL92 and PostgreSQL (Thomas)
2512 New /contrib/rserv replication toolkit (Vadim)
2513 New file format for COPY BINARY (Tom)
2514 New /contrib/oid2name to map numeric files to table names (B Palmer)
2515 New "idle in transaction" ps status message (Marc)
2516 Update to pgaccess 0.98.7 (Constantin Teodorescu)
2517 pg_ctl now defaults to -w (wait) on shutdown, new -l (log) option
2518 Add rudimentary dependency checking to pg_dump (Philip)
2522 Fix INET/CIDR type ordering and add new functions (Tom)
2523 Make OID behave as an unsigned type (Tom)
2524 Allow BIGINT as synonym for INT8 (Peter E)
2525 New int2 and int8 comparison operators (Tom)
2526 New BIT and BIT VARYING types (Adriaan Joubert, Tom, Peter E)
2527 CHAR() no longer faster than VARCHAR() because of TOAST (Tom)
2528 New GIST seg/cube examples (Gene Selkov)
2529 Improved round(numeric) handling (Tom)
2530 Fix CIDR output formatting (Tom)
2531 New CIDR abbrev() function (Tom)
2535 Write-Ahead Log (WAL) to provide crash recovery with less performance
2537 ANALYZE stage of VACUUM no longer exclusively locks table (Bruce)
2538 Reduced file seeks (Denis Perchine)
2539 Improve BTREE code for duplicate keys (Tom)
2540 Store all large objects in a single table (Denis Perchine, Tom)
2541 Improve memory allocation performance (Karel, Tom)
2545 New function manager call conventions (Tom)
2546 SGI portability fixes (David Kaelbling)
2547 New configure --enable-syslog option (Peter E)
2548 New BSDI README (Bruce)
2549 configure script moved to top level, not /src (Peter E)
2550 Makefile/configuration/compilation overhaul (Peter E)
2551 New configure --with-python option (Peter E)
2552 Solaris cleanups (Peter E)
2553 Overhaul /contrib Makefiles (Karel)
2554 New OpenSSL configuration option (Magnus, Peter E)
2556 QNX fixes (Maurizio)
2557 New heap_open(), heap_openr() API (Tom)
2558 Remove colon and semi-colon operators (Thomas)
2559 New pg_class.relkind value for views (Mark Hollomon)
2560 Rename ichar() to chr() (Karel)
2561 New documentation for btrim(), ascii(), chr(), repeat() (Karel)
2562 Fixes for NT/Cygwin (Pete Forman)
2563 AIX port fixes (Andreas)
2564 New BeOS port (David Reid, Cyril Velter)
2565 Add proofreader's changes to docs (Addison-Wesley, Bruce)
2566 New Alpha spinlock code (Adriaan Joubert, Compaq)
2567 UnixWare port overhaul (Peter E)
2568 New Darwin/MacOS X port (Peter Bierman, Bruce Hartzler)
2569 New FreeBSD Alpha port (Alfred)
2570 Overhaul shared memory segments (Tom)
2571 Add IBM S/390 support (Neale Ferguson)
2572 Moved macmanuf to /contrib (Larry Rosenman)
2573 Syslog improvements (Larry Rosenman)
2574 New template0 database that contains no user additions (Tom)
2575 New /contrib/cube and /contrib/seg GIST sample code (Gene Selkov)
2576 Allow NetBSD's libedit instead of readline (Peter)
2577 Improved assembly language source code format (Bruce)
2578 New contrib/pg_logger
2579 New --template option to createdb
2580 New contrib/pg_control utility (Oliver)
2581 New FreeBSD tools ipc_check, start-scripts/freebsd
2588 <sect1 id="release-7-0-3">
2589 <title>Release 7.0.3</title>
2592 <title>Release date</title>
2593 <simpara>2000-11-11</simpara>
2597 This has a variety of fixes from 7.0.2.
2602 <title>Migration to version 7.0.3</title>
2605 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
2611 <title>Changes</title>
2616 Large object fix (Tom)
2617 Fix lean in COPY WITH OIDS leak (Tom)
2618 Fix backwards-index-scan (Tom)
2619 Fix SELECT ... FOR UPDATE so it checks for duplicate keys (Hiroshi)
2620 Add --enable-syslog to configure (Marc)
2621 Fix abort transaction at backend exit in rare cases (Tom)
2622 Fix for psql \l+ when multibyte enabled (Tatsuo)
2623 Allow PL/pgSQL to accept non ascii identifiers (Tatsuo)
2624 Make vacuum always flush buffers (Tom)
2625 Fix to allow cancel while waiting for a lock (Hiroshi)
2626 Fix for memory aloocation problem in user authentication code (Tom)
2627 Remove bogus use of int4out() (Tom)
2628 Fixes for multiple subqueries in COALESCE or BETWEEN (Tom)
2629 Fix for failure of triggers on heap open in certain cases (Jeroen van
2631 Fix for erroneous selectivity of not-equals (Tom)
2632 Fix for erroneous use of strcmp() (Tom)
2633 Fix for bug where storage manager accesses items beyond end of file
2635 Fix to include kernel errno message in all smgr elog messages (Tom)
2636 Fix for '.' not in PATH at build time (SL Baur)
2637 Fix for out-of-file-descriptors error (Tom)
2638 Fix to make pg_dump dump 'iscachable' flag for functions (Tom)
2639 Fix for subselect in targetlist of Append node (Tom)
2640 Fix for mergejoin plans (Tom)
2641 Fix TRUNCATE failure on relations with indexes (Tom)
2642 Avoid database-wide restart on write error (Hiroshi)
2643 Fix nodeMaterial to honor chgParam by recomputing its output (Tom)
2644 Fix VACUUM problem with moving chain of update tuples when source and
2645 destination of a tuple lie on the same page (Tom)
2646 Fix user.c CommandCounterIncrement (Tom)
2647 Fix for AM/PM boundary problem in to_char() (Karel Zak)
2648 Fix TIME aggregate handling (Tom)
2649 Fix to_char() to avoid coredump on NULL input (Tom)
2651 Fix for inserting/copying longer multibyte strings into char() data
2653 Fix for crash of backend, on abort (Tom)
2660 <sect1 id="release-7-0-2">
2661 <title>Release 7.0.2</title>
2664 <title>Release date</title>
2665 <simpara>2000-06-05</simpara>
2669 This is a repackaging of 7.0.1 with added documentation.
2674 <title>Migration to version 7.0.2</title>
2677 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
2683 <title>Changes</title>
2687 Added documentation to tarball.
2694 <sect1 id="release-7-0-1">
2695 <title>Release 7.0.1</title>
2698 <title>Release date</title>
2699 <simpara>2000-06-01</simpara>
2703 This is a cleanup release for 7.0.
2707 <title>Migration to version 7.0.1</title>
2710 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
2716 <title>Changes</title>
2720 Fix many CLUSTER failures (Tom)
2721 Allow ALTER TABLE RENAME works on indexes (Tom)
2722 Fix plpgsql to handle datetime->timestamp and timespan->interval (Bruce)
2723 New configure --with-setproctitle switch to use setproctitle() (Marc, Bruce)
2724 Fix the off by one errors in ResultSet from 6.5.3, and more.
2725 jdbc ResultSet fixes (Joseph Shraibman)
2726 optimizer tunings (Tom)
2727 Fix create user for pgaccess
2728 Fix for UNLISTEN failure
2729 IRIX fixes (David Kaelbling)
2730 QNX fixes (Andreas Kardos)
2731 Reduce COPY IN lock level (Tom)
2732 Change libpqeasy to use PQconnectdb() style parameters (Bruce)
2733 Fix pg_dump to handle OID indexes (Tom)
2734 Fix small memory leak (Tom)
2735 Solaris fix for createdb/dropdb (Tatsuo)
2736 Fix for non-blocking connections (Alfred Perlstein)
2737 Fix improper recovery after RENAME TABLE failures (Tom)
2738 Copy pg_ident.conf.sample into /lib directory in install (Bruce)
2739 Add SJIS UDC (NEC selection IBM kanji) support (Eiji Tokuya)
2740 Fix too long syslog message (Tatsuo)
2741 Fix problem with quoted indexes that are too long (Tom)
2742 JDBC ResultSet.getTimestamp() fix (Gregory Krasnow & Floyd Marinescu)
2743 ecpg changes (Michael)
2749 <sect1 id="release-7-0">
2750 <title>Release 7.0</title>
2753 <title>Release date</title>
2754 <simpara>2000-05-08</simpara>
2758 This release contains improvements in many areas, demonstrating
2759 the continued growth of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
2760 There are more improvements and fixes in 7.0 than in any previous
2761 release. The developers have confidence that this is the best
2762 release yet; we do our best to put out only solid releases, and
2763 this one is no exception.
2767 Major changes in this release:
2776 Foreign keys are now implemented, with the exception of PARTIAL MATCH
2777 foreign keys. Many users have been asking for this feature, and we are
2778 pleased to offer it.
2789 Continuing on work started a year ago, the optimizer has been
2790 improved, allowing better query plan selection and faster performance
2791 with less memory usage.
2798 Updated <application>psql</application>
2802 <application>psql</application>, our interactive terminal monitor, has been
2803 updated with a variety of new features. See the <application>psql</application> manual page for details.
2814 SQL92 join syntax is now supported, though only as
2815 <literal>INNER JOIN</> for this release. <literal>JOIN</>,
2816 <literal>NATURAL JOIN</>, <literal>JOIN</>/<literal>USING</>,
2817 and <literal>JOIN</>/<literal>ON</> are available, as are
2818 column correlation names.
2830 In 7.1 or 7.2, we plan to have outer joins, storage for very long rows, and a
2831 write-ahead logging system.
2840 <title>Migration to version 7.0</title>
2843 A dump/restore using <application>pg_dump</application>
2844 is required for those wishing to migrate data from any
2845 previous release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
2846 For those upgrading from 6.5.*, you may instead use
2847 <application>pg_upgrade</application> to upgrade to this
2848 release; however, a full dump/reload installation is always the
2849 most robust method for upgrades.
2853 Interface and compatibility issues to consider for the new
2859 The date/time types <type>datetime</type> and
2860 <type>timespan</type> have been superseded by the
2861 SQL92-defined types <type>timestamp</type> and
2862 <type>interval</type>. Although there has been some effort to
2863 ease the transition by allowing
2864 <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> to recognize
2865 the deprecated type names and translate them to the new type
2866 names, this mechanism may not be completely transparent to
2867 your existing application.
2873 The optimizer has been substantially improved in the area of
2874 query cost estimation. In some cases, this will result in
2875 decreased query times as the optimizer makes a better choice
2876 for the preferred plan. However, in a small number of cases,
2877 usually involving pathological distributions of data, your
2878 query times may go up. If you are dealing with large amounts
2879 of data, you may want to check your queries to verify
2886 The <acronym>JDBC</acronym> and <acronym>ODBC</acronym>
2887 interfaces have been upgraded and extended.
2893 The string function <function>CHAR_LENGTH</function> is now a
2894 native function. Previous versions translated this into a call
2895 to <function>LENGTH</function>, which could result in
2896 ambiguity with other types implementing
2897 <function>LENGTH</function> such as the geometric types.
2906 <title>Changes</title>
2912 Prevent function calls exceeding maximum number of arguments (Tom)
2913 Improve CASE construct (Tom)
2914 Fix SELECT coalesce(f1,0) FROM int4_tbl GROUP BY f1 (Tom)
2915 Fix SELECT sentence.words[0] FROM sentence GROUP BY sentence.words[0] (Tom)
2916 Fix GROUP BY scan bug (Tom)
2917 Improvements in SQL grammar processing (Tom)
2918 Fix for views involved in INSERT ... SELECT ... (Tom)
2919 Fix for SELECT a/2, a/2 FROM test_missing_target GROUP BY a/2 (Tom)
2920 Fix for subselects in INSERT ... SELECT (Tom)
2921 Prevent INSERT ... SELECT ... ORDER BY (Tom)
2922 Fixes for relations greater than 2GB, including vacuum
2923 Improve propagating system table changes to other backends (Tom)
2924 Improve propagating user table changes to other backends (Tom)
2925 Fix handling of temp tables in complex situations (Bruce, Tom)
2926 Allow table locking at table open, improving concurrent reliability (Tom)
2927 Properly quote sequence names in pg_dump (Ross J. Reedstrom)
2928 Prevent DROP DATABASE while others accessing
2929 Prevent any rows from being returned by GROUP BY if no rows processed (Tom)
2930 Fix SELECT COUNT(1) FROM table WHERE ...' if no rows matching WHERE (Tom)
2931 Fix pg_upgrade so it works for MVCC (Tom)
2932 Fix for SELECT ... WHERE x IN (SELECT ... HAVING SUM(x) > 1) (Tom)
2933 Fix for "f1 datetime DEFAULT 'now'" (Tom)
2934 Fix problems with CURRENT_DATE used in DEFAULT (Tom)
2935 Allow comment-only lines, and ;;; lines too. (Tom)
2936 Improve recovery after failed disk writes, disk full (Hiroshi)
2937 Fix cases where table is mentioned in FROM but not joined (Tom)
2938 Allow HAVING clause without aggregate functions (Tom)
2939 Fix for "--" comment and no trailing newline, as seen in perl interface
2940 Improve pg_dump failure error reports (Bruce)
2941 Allow sorts and hashes to exceed 2GB file sizes (Tom)
2942 Fix for pg_dump dumping of inherited rules (Tom)
2943 Fix for NULL handling comparisons (Tom)
2944 Fix inconsistent state caused by failed CREATE/DROP commands (Hiroshi)
2945 Fix for dbname with dash
2946 Prevent DROP INDEX from interfering with other backends (Tom)
2947 Fix file descriptor leak in verify_password()
2948 Fix for "Unable to identify an operator =$" problem
2949 Fix ODBC so no segfault if CommLog and Debug enabled (Dirk Niggemann)
2950 Fix for recursive exit call (Massimo)
2951 Fix for extra-long timezones (Jeroen van Vianen)
2952 Make pg_dump preserve primary key information (Peter E)
2953 Prevent databases with single quotes (Peter E)
2954 Prevent DROP DATABASE inside transaction (Peter E)
2955 ecpg memory leak fixes (Stephen Birch)
2956 Fix for SELECT null::text, SELECT int4fac(null) and SELECT 2 + (null) (Tom)
2957 Y2K timestamp fix (Massimo)
2958 Fix for VACUUM 'HEAP_MOVED_IN was not expected' errors (Tom)
2959 Fix for views with tables/columns containing spaces (Tom)
2960 Prevent permissions on indexes (Peter E)
2961 Fix for spinlock stuck problem when error is generated (Hiroshi)
2962 Fix ipcclean on Linux
2963 Fix handling of NULL constraint conditions (Tom)
2964 Fix memory leak in odbc driver (Nick Gorham)
2965 Fix for permission check on UNION tables (Tom)
2966 Fix to allow SELECT 'a' LIKE 'a' (Tom)
2967 Fix for SELECT 1 + NULL (Tom)
2969 Fix log() on numeric type (Tom)
2970 Deprecate ':' and ';' operators
2971 Allow vacuum of temporary tables
2972 Disallow inherited columns with the same name as new columns
2973 Recover or force failure when disk space is exhausted (Hiroshi)
2974 Fix INSERT INTO ... SELECT with AS columns matching result columns
2975 Fix INSERT ... SELECT ... GROUP BY groups by target columns not source columns (Tom)
2976 Fix CREATE TABLE test (a char(5) DEFAULT text '', b int4) with INSERT (Tom)
2977 Fix UNION with LIMIT
2978 Fix CREATE TABLE x AS SELECT 1 UNION SELECT 2
2979 Fix CREATE TABLE test(col char(2) DEFAULT user)
2980 Fix mismatched types in CREATE TABLE ... DEFAULT
2981 Fix SELECT * FROM pg_class where oid in (0,-1)
2982 Fix SELECT COUNT('asdf') FROM pg_class WHERE oid=12
2983 Prevent user who can create databases can modifying pg_database table (Peter E)
2984 Fix btree to give a useful elog when key > 1/2 (page - overhead) (Tom)
2985 Fix INSERT of 0.0 into DECIMAL(4,4) field (Tom)
2989 New CLI interface include file sqlcli.h, based on SQL3/SQL98
2990 Remove all limits on query length, row length limit still exists (Tom)
2991 Update jdbc protocol to 2.0 (Jens Glaser <email>jens@jens.de</email>)
2992 Add TRUNCATE command to quickly truncate relation (Mike Mascari)
2993 Fix to give super user and createdb user proper update catalog rights (Peter E)
2994 Allow ecpg bool variables to have NULL values (Christof)
2995 Issue ecpg error if NULL value for variable with no NULL indicator (Christof)
2996 Allow ^C to cancel COPY command (Massimo)
2997 Add SET FSYNC and SHOW PG_OPTIONS commands(Massimo)
2998 Function name overloading for dynamically-loaded C functions (Frankpitt)
2999 Add CmdTuples() to libpq++(Vince)
3000 New CREATE CONSTRAINT TRIGGER and SET CONSTRAINTS commands(Jan)
3001 Allow CREATE FUNCTION/WITH clause to be used for all language types
3002 configure --enable-debug adds -g (Peter E)
3003 configure --disable-debug removes -g (Peter E)
3004 Allow more complex default expressions (Tom)
3005 First real FOREIGN KEY constraint trigger functionality (Jan)
3006 Add FOREIGN KEY ... MATCH FULL ... ON DELETE CASCADE (Jan)
3007 Add FOREIGN KEY ... MATCH <unspecified> referential actions (Don Baccus)
3008 Allow WHERE restriction on ctid (physical heap location) (Hiroshi)
3009 Move pginterface from contrib to interface directory, rename to pgeasy (Bruce)
3010 Change pgeasy connectdb() parameter ordering (Bruce)
3011 Require SELECT DISTINCT target list to have all ORDER BY columns (Tom)
3012 Add Oracle's COMMENT ON command (Mike Mascari <email>mascarim@yahoo.com</email>)
3013 libpq's PQsetNoticeProcessor function now returns previous hook(Peter E)
3014 Prevent PQsetNoticeProcessor from being set to NULL (Peter E)
3015 Make USING in COPY optional (Bruce)
3016 Allow subselects in the target list (Tom)
3017 Allow subselects on the left side of comparison operators (Tom)
3018 New parallel regression test (Jan)
3019 Change backend-side COPY to write files with permissions 644 not 666 (Tom)
3020 Force permissions on PGDATA directory to be secure, even if it exists (Tom)
3021 Added psql LASTOID variable to return last inserted oid (Peter E)
3022 Allow concurrent vacuum and remove pg_vlock vacuum lock file (Tom)
3023 Add permissions check for vacuum (Peter E)
3024 New libpq functions to allow asynchronous connections: PQconnectStart(),
3025 PQconnectPoll(), PQresetStart(), PQresetPoll(), PQsetenvStart(),
3026 PQsetenvPoll(), PQsetenvAbort (Ewan Mellor)
3027 New libpq PQsetenv() function (Ewan Mellor)
3028 create/alter user extension (Peter E)
3029 New postmaster.pid and postmaster.opts under $PGDATA (Tatsuo)
3030 New scripts for create/drop user/db (Peter E)
3031 Major psql overhaul (Peter E)
3032 Add const to libpq interface (Peter E)
3033 New libpq function PQoidValue (Peter E)
3034 Show specific non-aggregate causing problem with GROUP BY (Tom)
3035 Make changes to pg_shadow recreate pg_pwd file (Peter E)
3036 Add aggregate(DISTINCT ...) (Tom)
3037 Allow flag to control COPY input/output of NULLs (Peter E)
3038 Make postgres user have a password by default (Peter E)
3039 Add CREATE/ALTER/DROP GROUP (Peter E)
3040 All administration scripts now support --long options (Peter E, Karel)
3041 Vacuumdb script now supports --all option (Peter E)
3042 ecpg new portable FETCH syntax
3043 Add ecpg EXEC SQL IFDEF, EXEC SQL IFNDEF, EXEC SQL ELSE, EXEC SQL ELIF
3044 and EXEC SQL ENDIF directives
3045 Add pg_ctl script to control backend start-up (Tatsuo)
3046 Add postmaster.opts.default file to store start-up flags (Tatsuo)
3047 Allow --with-mb=SQL_ASCII
3048 Increase maximum number of index keys to 16 (Bruce)
3049 Increase maximum number of function arguments to 16 (Bruce)
3050 Allow configuration of maximum number of index keys and arguments (Bruce)
3051 Allow unprivileged users to change their passwords (Peter E)
3052 Password authentication enabled; required for new users (Peter E)
3053 Disallow dropping a user who owns a database (Peter E)
3054 Change initdb option --with-mb to --enable-multibyte
3055 Add option for initdb to prompts for superuser password (Peter E)
3056 Allow complex type casts like col::numeric(9,2) and col::int2::float8 (Tom)
3057 Updated user interfaces on initdb, initlocation, pg_dump, ipcclean (Peter E)
3058 New pg_char_to_encoding() and pg_encoding_to_char() functions (Tatsuo)
3059 libpq non-blocking mode (Alfred Perlstein)
3060 Improve conversion of types in casts that don't specify a length
3061 New plperl internal programming language (Mark Hollomon)
3062 Allow COPY IN to read file that do not end with a newline (Tom)
3063 Indicate when long identifiers are truncated (Tom)
3064 Allow aggregates to use type equivalency (Peter E)
3065 Add Oracle's to_char(), to_date(), to_datetime(), to_timestamp(), to_number()
3066 conversion functions (Karel Zak <zakkr@zf.jcu.cz>)
3067 Add SELECT DISTINCT ON (expr [, expr ...]) targetlist ... (Tom)
3068 Check to be sure ORDER BY is compatible with the DISTINCT operation (Tom)
3069 Add NUMERIC and int8 types to ODBC
3070 Improve EXPLAIN results for Append, Group, Agg, Unique (Tom)
3071 Add ALTER TABLE ... ADD FOREIGN KEY (Stephan Szabo)
3072 Allow SELECT .. FOR UPDATE in PL/pgSQL (Hiroshi)
3073 Enable backward sequential scan even after reaching EOF (Hiroshi)
3074 Add btree indexing of boolean values, >= and <= (Don Baccus)
3075 Print current line number when COPY FROM fails (Massimo)
3076 Recognize POSIX time zone e.g. "PST+8" and "GMT-8" (Thomas)
3077 Add DEC as synonym for DECIMAL (Thomas)
3078 Add SESSION_USER as SQL92 keyword, same as CURRENT_USER (Thomas)
3079 Implement SQL92 column aliases (aka correlation names) (Thomas)
3080 Implement SQL92 join syntax (Thomas)
3081 Make INTERVAL reserved word allowed as a column identifier (Thomas)
3082 Implement REINDEX command (Hiroshi)
3083 Accept ALL in aggregate function SUM(ALL col) (Tom)
3084 Prevent GROUP BY from using column aliases (Tom)
3085 New psql \encoding option (Tatsuo)
3086 Allow PQrequestCancel() to terminate when in waiting-for-lock state (Hiroshi)
3087 Allow negation of a negative number in all cases
3088 Add ecpg descriptors (Christof, Michael)
3089 Allow CREATE VIEW v AS SELECT f1::char(8) FROM tbl
3090 Allow casts with length, like foo::char(8)
3091 New libpq functions PQsetClientEncoding(), PQclientEncoding() (Tatsuo)
3092 Add support for SJIS user defined characters (Tatsuo)
3093 Larger views/rules supported
3094 Make libpq's PQconndefaults() thread-safe (Tom)
3095 Disable // as comment to be ANSI conforming, should use -- (Tom)
3096 Allow column aliases on views CREATE VIEW name (collist)
3097 Fixes for views with subqueries (Tom)
3098 Allow UPDATE table SET fld = (SELECT ...) (Tom)
3099 SET command options no longer require quotes
3100 Update pgaccess to 0.98.6
3101 New SET SEED command
3102 New pg_options.sample file
3103 New SET FSYNC command (Massimo)
3104 Allow pg_descriptions when creating tables
3105 Allow pg_descriptions when creating types, columns, and functions
3106 Allow psql \copy to allow delimiters (Peter E)
3107 Allow psql to print nulls as distinct from "" [null] (Peter E)
3111 Many array fixes (Tom)
3112 Allow bare column names to be subscripted as arrays (Tom)
3113 Improve type casting of int and float constants (Tom)
3114 Cleanups for int8 inputs, range checking, and type conversion (Tom)
3115 Fix for SELECT timespan('21:11:26'::time) (Tom)
3116 netmask('x.x.x.x/0') is 255.255.255.255 instead of 0.0.0.0 (Oleg Sharoiko)
3117 Add btree index on NUMERIC (Jan)
3118 Perl fix for large objects containing NUL characters (Douglas Thomson)
3119 ODBC fix for for large objects (free)
3120 Fix indexing of cidr data type
3121 Fix for Ethernet MAC addresses (macaddr type) comparisons
3122 Fix for date/time types when overflows happened in computations (Tom)
3123 Allow array on int8 (Peter E)
3124 Fix for rounding/overflow of NUMERIC type, like NUMERIC(4,4) (Tom)
3125 Allow NUMERIC arrays
3126 Fix bugs in NUMERIC ceil() and floor() functions (Tom)
3127 Make char_length()/octet_length including trailing blanks (Tom)
3128 Made abstime/reltime use int4 instead of time_t (Peter E)
3129 New lztext data type for compressed text fields
3130 Revise code to handle coercion of int and float constants (Tom)
3131 Start at new code to implement a BIT and BIT VARYING type (Adriaan Joubert)
3132 NUMERIC now accepts scientific notation (Tom)
3133 NUMERIC to int4 rounds (Tom)
3134 Convert float4/8 to NUMERIC properly (Tom)
3135 Allow type conversion with NUMERIC (Thomas)
3136 Make ISO date style (2000-02-16 09:33) the default (Thomas)
3137 Add NATIONAL CHAR [ VARYING ] (Thomas)
3138 Allow NUMERIC round and trunc to accept negative scales (Tom)
3139 New TIME WITH TIME ZONE type (Thomas)
3140 Add MAX()/MIN() on time type (Thomas)
3141 Add abs(), mod(), fac() for int8 (Thomas)
3142 Rename functions to round(), sqrt(), cbrt(), pow() for float8 (Thomas)
3143 Add transcendental math functions (e.g. sin(), acos()) for float8 (Thomas)
3144 Add exp() and ln() for NUMERIC type
3145 Rename NUMERIC power() to pow() (Thomas)
3146 Improved TRANSLATE() function (Edwin Ramirez, Tom)
3147 Allow X=-Y operators (Tom)
3148 Allow SELECT float8(COUNT(*))/(SELECT COUNT(*) FROM t) FROM t GROUP BY f1; (Tom)
3149 Allow LOCALE to use indexes in regular expression searches (Tom)
3150 Allow creation of functional indexes to use default types
3154 Prevent exponential space consumption with many AND's and OR's (Tom)
3155 Collect attribute selectivity values for system columns (Tom)
3156 Reduce memory usage of aggregates (Tom)
3157 Fix for LIKE optimization to use indexes with multibyte encodings (Tom)
3158 Fix r-tree index optimizer selectivity (Thomas)
3159 Improve optimizer selectivity computations and functions (Tom)
3160 Optimize btree searching for cases where many equal keys exist (Tom)
3161 Enable fast LIKE index processing only if index present (Tom)
3162 Re-use free space on index pages with duplicates (Tom)
3163 Improve hash join processing (Tom)
3164 Prevent descending sort if result is already sorted(Hiroshi)
3165 Allow commuting of index scan query qualifications (Tom)
3166 Prefer index scans in cases where ORDER BY/GROUP BY is required (Tom)
3167 Allocate large memory requests in fix-sized chunks for performance (Tom)
3168 Fix vacuum's performance by reducing memory allocation requests (Tom)
3169 Implement constant-expression simplification (Bernard Frankpitt, Tom)
3170 Use secondary columns to be used to determine start of index scan (Hiroshi)
3171 Prevent quadruple use of disk space when doing internal sorting (Tom)
3172 Faster sorting by calling fewer functions (Tom)
3173 Create system indexes to match all system caches (Bruce, Hiroshi)
3174 Make system caches use system indexes (Bruce)
3175 Make all system indexes unique (Bruce)
3176 Improve pg_statistics management for VACUUM speed improvement (Tom)
3177 Flush backend cache less frequently (Tom, Hiroshi)
3178 COPY now reuses previous memory allocation, improving performance (Tom)
3179 Improve optimization cost estimation (Tom)
3180 Improve optimizer estimate of range queries x > lowbound AND x < highbound (Tom)
3181 Use DNF instead of CNF where appropriate (Tom, Taral)
3182 Further cleanup for OR-of-AND WHERE-clauses (Tom)
3183 Make use of index in OR clauses (x = 1 AND y = 2) OR (x = 2 AND y = 4) (Tom)
3184 Smarter optimizer computations for random index page access (Tom)
3185 New SET variable to control optimizer costs (Tom)
3186 Optimizer queries based on LIMIT, OFFSET, and EXISTS qualifications (Tom)
3187 Reduce optimizer internal housekeeping of join paths for speedup (Tom)
3188 Major subquery speedup (Tom)
3189 Fewer fsync writes when fsync is not disabled (Tom)
3190 Improved LIKE optimizer estimates (Tom)
3191 Prevent fsync in SELECT-only queries (Vadim)
3192 Make index creation use psort code, because it is now faster (Tom)
3193 Allow creation of sort temp tables > 1 Gig
3197 Fix for linux PPC compile
3198 New generic expression-tree-walker subroutine (Tom)
3199 Change form() to varargform() to prevent portability problems
3200 Improved range checking for large integers on Alphas
3201 Clean up #include in /include directory (Bruce)
3202 Add scripts for checking includes (Bruce)
3203 Remove un-needed #include's from *.c files (Bruce)
3204 Change #include's to use <> and "" as appropriate (Bruce)
3205 Enable WIN32 compilation of libpq
3206 Alpha spinlock fix from Uncle George <email>gatgul@voicenet.com</email>
3207 Overhaul of optimizer data structures (Tom)
3208 Fix to cygipc library (Yutaka Tanida)
3209 Allow pgsql to work on newer Cygwin snapshots (Dan)
3210 New catalog version number (Tom)
3212 Rename heap_replace to heap_update
3213 Update for QNX (Dr. Andreas Kardos)
3214 New platform-specific regression handling (Tom)
3215 Rename oid8 -> oidvector and int28 -> int2vector (Bruce)
3216 Included all yacc and lex files into the distribution (Peter E.)
3217 Remove lextest, no longer needed (Peter E)
3218 Fix for libpq and psql on Win32 (Magnus)
3219 Internally change datetime and timespan into timestamp and interval (Thomas)
3220 Fix for plpgsql on BSD/OS
3221 Add SQL_ASCII test case to the regression test (Tatsuo)
3222 configure --with-mb now deprecated (Tatsuo)
3224 NetBSD fixes (Johnny C. Lam <email>lamj@stat.cmu.edu</email>)
3225 Fixes for Alpha compiles
3226 New multibyte encodings
3232 <sect1 id="release-6-5-3">
3233 <title>Release 6.5.3</title>
3236 <title>Release date</title>
3237 <simpara>1999-10-13</simpara>
3241 This is basically a cleanup release for 6.5.2. We have added a new
3242 <application>PgAccess</> that was missing in 6.5.2, and installed an NT-specific fix.
3247 <title>Migration to version 6.5.3</title>
3250 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
3255 <title>Changes</title>
3259 Updated version of pgaccess 0.98
3261 Fix dumping rules on inherited tables
3268 <sect1 id="release-6-5-2">
3269 <title>Release 6.5.2</title>
3272 <title>Release date</title>
3273 <simpara>1999-09-15</simpara>
3277 This is basically a cleanup release for 6.5.1. We have fixed a variety of
3278 problems reported by 6.5.1 users.
3283 <title>Migration to version 6.5.2</title>
3286 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
3292 <title>Changes</title>
3296 subselect+CASE fixes(Tom)
3297 Add SHLIB_LINK setting for solaris_i386 and solaris_sparc ports(Daren Sefcik)
3298 Fixes for CASE in WHERE join clauses(Tom)
3299 Fix BTScan abort(Tom)
3300 Repair the check for redundant UNIQUE and PRIMARY KEY indexes(Thomas)
3301 Improve it so that it checks for multicolumn constraints(Thomas)
3302 Fix for Win32 making problem with MB enabled(Hiroki Kataoka)
3303 Allow BSD yacc and bison to compile pl code(Bruce)
3304 Fix SET NAMES working
3306 Fix vacuum's memory consumption(Hiroshi,Tatsuo)
3307 Reduce the total memory consumption of vacuum(Tom)
3308 Fix for timestamp(datetime)
3309 Rule deparsing bugfixes(Tom)
3310 Fix quoting problems in mkMakefile.tcldefs.sh.in and mkMakefile.tkdefs.sh.in(Tom)
3311 This is to re-use space on index pages freed by vacuum(Vadim)
3312 document -x for pg_dump(Bruce)
3313 Fix for unary operators in rule deparser(Tom)
3314 Comment out FileUnlink of excess segments during mdtruncate()(Tom)
3315 IRIX linking fix from Yu Cao >yucao@falcon.kla-tencor.com<
3316 Repair logic error in LIKE: should not return LIKE_ABORT
3317 when reach end of pattern before end of text(Tom)
3318 Repair incorrect cleanup of heap memory allocation during transaction abort(Tom)
3319 Updated version of pgaccess 0.98
3325 <sect1 id="release-6-5-1">
3326 <title>Release 6.5.1</title>
3329 <title>Release date</title>
3330 <simpara>1999-07-15</simpara>
3334 This is basically a cleanup release for 6.5. We have fixed a variety of
3335 problems reported by 6.5 users.
3339 <title>Migration to version 6.5.1</title>
3342 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
3348 <title>Changes</title>
3353 Portability fixes for linux_ppc, IRIX, linux_alpha, OpenBSD, alpha
3354 Remove QUERY_LIMIT, use SELECT...LIMIT
3355 Fix for EXPLAIN on inheritance(Tom)
3356 Patch to allow vacuum on multisegment tables(Hiroshi)
3357 R-Tree optimizer selectivity fix(Tom)
3358 ACL file descriptor leak fix(Atsushi Ogawa)
3359 New expresssion subtree code(Tom)
3360 Avoid disk writes for read-only transactions(Vadim)
3361 Fix for removal of temp tables if last transaction was aborted(Bruce)
3362 Fix to prevent too large tuple from being created(Bruce)
3364 Allow port numbers 32k - 64k(Bruce)
3365 Add ^ precidence(Bruce)
3366 Rename sort files called pg_temp to pg_sorttemp(Bruce)
3367 Fix for microseconds in time values(Tom)
3368 Tutorial source cleanup
3370 Fix for sorting of NULL's in some cases(Tom)
3371 Shared library dependencies fixed (Tom)
3372 Fixed glitches affecting GROUP BY in subselects(Tom)
3373 Fix some compiler warnings (Tomoaki Nishiyama)
3374 Add Win1250 (Czech) support (Pavel Behal)
3380 <sect1 id="release-6-5">
3381 <title>Release 6.5</title>
3384 <title>Release date</title>
3385 <simpara>1999-06-09</simpara>
3389 This release marks a major step in the development team's mastery of the source
3390 code we inherited from Berkeley. You will see we are now easily adding
3391 major features, thanks to the increasing size and experience of our
3392 world-wide development team.
3396 Here is a brief summary of the more notable changes:
3401 Multiversion concurrency control(MVCC)
3405 This removes our old
3406 table-level locking, and replaces it with a locking system that is
3407 superior to most commercial database systems. In a traditional system,
3408 each row that is modified is locked until committed, preventing reads by
3409 other users. MVCC uses the natural multiversion nature of PostgreSQL
3410 to allow readers to continue reading consistent data during writer
3411 activity. Writers continue to use the compact pg_log transaction
3412 system. This is all performed without having to allocate a lock for
3413 every row like traditional database systems. So, basically, we no
3414 longer are restricted by simple table-level locking;
3415 we have something better than row-level locking.
3422 Hot backups from <application>pg_dump</application>
3426 <application>pg_dump</application> takes advantage of the new
3427 MVCC features to give a consistent database dump/backup while
3428 the database stays online and available for queries.
3439 We now have a true numeric data type, with
3440 user-specified precision.
3451 Temporary tables are guaranteed to have unique names
3452 within a database session, and are destroyed on session exit.
3463 We now have CASE, INTERSECT, and EXCEPT statement
3464 support. We have new LIMIT/OFFSET, SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL,
3465 SELECT ... FOR UPDATE, and an improved LOCK TABLE command.
3476 We continue to speed up PostgreSQL, thanks to the variety of
3477 talents within our team. We have sped up memory allocation,
3478 optimization, table joins, and row transfer routines.
3489 We continue to expand our port list, this time including
3490 <systemitem class="osname">Windows NT</>/<systemitem>ix86</> and <systemitem class="osname">NetBSD</>/<systemitem>arm32</>.
3501 Most interfaces have new versions, and existing functionality
3513 New and updated material is present throughout the
3514 documentation. New <acronym>FAQ</acronym>s have been
3515 contributed for <systemitem class="osname">SGI</> and <systemitem class="osname">AIX</> platforms.
3516 The <citetitle>Tutorial</citetitle> has introductory information
3517 on <acronym>SQL</acronym> from Stefan Simkovics.
3518 For the <citetitle>User's Guide</citetitle>, there are
3519 reference pages covering the postmaster and more utility
3520 programs, and a new appendix
3521 contains details on date/time behavior.
3522 The <citetitle>Administrator's Guide</citetitle> has a new
3523 chapter on troubleshooting from Tom Lane.
3524 And the <citetitle>Programmer's Guide</citetitle> has a
3525 description of query processing, also from Stefan, and details
3526 on obtaining the <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> source
3527 tree via anonymous <productname>CVS</productname> and
3528 <productname>CVSup</productname>.
3536 <title>Migration to version 6.5</title>
3539 A dump/restore using <application>pg_dump</application>
3540 is required for those wishing to migrate data from any
3541 previous release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
3542 <application>pg_upgrade</application> can <emphasis>not</emphasis>
3543 be used to upgrade to this release because the on-disk structure
3544 of the tables has changed compared to previous releases.
3548 The new Multiversion Concurrency Control (MVCC) features can
3549 give somewhat different behaviors in multiuser
3550 environments. <emphasis>Read and understand the following section
3551 to ensure that your existing applications will give you the
3552 behavior you need.</emphasis>
3556 <title>Multiversion Concurrency Control</title>
3559 Because readers in 6.5 don't lock data, regardless of transaction
3560 isolation level, data read by one transaction can be overwritten by
3561 another. In other words, if a row is returned by
3562 <command>SELECT</command> it doesn't mean that this row really exists
3563 at the time it is returned (i.e. sometime after the statement or
3564 transaction began) nor that the row is protected from being deleted or
3565 updated by concurrent transactions before the current transaction does
3566 a commit or rollback.
3570 To ensure the actual existence of a row and protect it against
3571 concurrent updates one must use <command>SELECT FOR UPDATE</command> or
3572 an appropriate <command>LOCK TABLE</command> statement. This should be
3573 taken into account when porting applications from previous releases of
3574 <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> and other environments.
3578 Keep the above in mind if you are using
3579 <filename>contrib/refint.*</filename> triggers for
3580 referential integrity. Additional techniques are required now. One way is
3581 to use <command>LOCK parent_table IN SHARE ROW EXCLUSIVE MODE</command>
3582 command if a transaction is going to update/delete a primary key and
3583 use <command>LOCK parent_table IN SHARE MODE</command> command if a
3584 transaction is going to update/insert a foreign key.
3588 Note that if you run a transaction in SERIALIZABLE mode then you must
3589 execute the <command>LOCK</command> commands above before execution of any
3590 <acronym>DML</acronym> statement
3591 (<command>SELECT/INSERT/DELETE/UPDATE/FETCH/COPY_TO</command>) in the
3598 These inconveniences will disappear in the future
3599 when the ability to read dirty
3600 (uncommitted) data (regardless of isolation level) and true referential
3601 integrity will be implemented.
3607 <title>Changes</title>
3613 Fix text<->float8 and text<->float4 conversion functions(Thomas)
3614 Fix for creating tables with mixed-case constraints(Billy)
3615 Change exp()/pow() behavior to generate error on underflow/overflow(Jan)
3616 Fix bug in pg_dump -z
3617 Memory overrun cleanups(Tatsuo)
3618 Fix for lo_import crash(Tatsuo)
3619 Adjust handling of data type names to suppress double quotes(Thomas)
3620 Use type coercion for matching columns and DEFAULT(Thomas)
3621 Fix deadlock so it only checks once after one second of sleep(Bruce)
3622 Fixes for aggregates and PL/pgsql(Hiroshi)
3623 Fix for subquery crash(Vadim)
3624 Fix for libpq function PQfnumber and case-insensitive names(Bahman Rafatjoo)
3625 Fix for large object write-in-middle, no extra block, memory consumption(Tatsuo)
3626 Fix for pg_dump -d or -D and quote special characters in INSERT
3627 Repair serious problems with dynahash(Tom)
3628 Fix INET/CIDR portability problems
3629 Fix problem with selectivity error in ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN(Bruce)
3630 Fix executor so mergejoin of different column types works(Tom)
3631 Fix for Alpha OR selectivity bug
3632 Fix OR index selectivity problem(Bruce)
3633 Fix so \d shows proper length for char()/varchar()(Ryan)
3634 Fix tutorial code(Clark)
3635 Improve destroyuser checking(Oliver)
3636 Fix for Kerberos(Rodney McDuff)
3637 Fix for dropping database while dirty buffers(Bruce)
3638 Fix so sequence nextval() can be case-sensitive(Bruce)
3640 Drop buffers before destroying database files(Bruce)
3641 Fix case where executor evaluates functions twice(Tatsuo)
3642 Allow sequence nextval actions to be case-sensitive(Bruce)
3643 Fix optimizer indexing not working for negative numbers(Bruce)
3644 Fix for memory leak in executor with fjIsNull
3645 Fix for aggregate memory leaks(Erik Riedel)
3646 Allow username containing a dash GRANT permissions
3647 Cleanup of NULL in inet types
3648 Clean up system table bugs(Tom)
3649 Fix problems of PAGER and \? command(Masaaki Sakaida)
3650 Reduce default multisegment file size limit to 1GB(Peter)
3651 Fix for dumping of CREATE OPERATOR(Tom)
3652 Fix for backward scanning of cursors(Hiroshi Inoue)
3653 Fix for COPY FROM STDIN when using \i(Tom)
3654 Fix for subselect is compared inside an expression(Jan)
3655 Fix handling of error reporting while returning rows(Tom)
3656 Fix problems with reference to array types(Tom,Jan)
3657 Prevent UPDATE SET oid(Jan)
3658 Fix pg_dump so -t option can handle case-sensitive tablenames
3659 Fixes for GROUP BY in special cases(Tom, Jan)
3660 Fix for memory leak in failed queries(Tom)
3661 DEFAULT now supports mixed-case identifiers(Tom)
3662 Fix for multisegment uses of DROP/RENAME table, indexes(Ole Gjerde)
3663 Disable use of pg_dump with both -o and -d options(Bruce)
3664 Allow pg_dump to properly dump GROUP permissions(Bruce)
3665 Fix GROUP BY in INSERT INTO table SELECT * FROM table2(Jan)
3666 Fix for computations in views(Jan)
3667 Fix for aggregates on array indexes(Tom)
3668 Fix for DEFAULT handles single quotes in value requiring too many quotes
3669 Fix security problem with non-super users importing/exporting large objects(Tom)
3670 Rollback of transaction that creates table cleaned up properly(Tom)
3671 Fix to allow long table and column names to generate proper serial names(Tom)
3675 Add "vacuumdb" utility
3676 Speed up libpq by allocating memory better(Tom)
3677 EXPLAIN all indexes used(Tom)
3678 Implement CASE, COALESCE, NULLIF expression(Thomas)
3679 New pg_dump table output format(Constantin)
3680 Add string min()/max() functions(Thomas)
3681 Extend new type coercion techniques to aggregates(Thomas)
3682 New moddatetime contrib(Terry)
3683 Update to pgaccess 0.96(Constantin)
3684 Add routines for single-byte "char" type(Thomas)
3685 Improved substr() function(Thomas)
3686 Improved multibyte handling(Tatsuo)
3687 Multiversion concurrency control/MVCC(Vadim)
3688 New Serialized mode(Vadim)
3689 Fix for tables over 2gigs(Peter)
3690 New SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL(Vadim)
3691 New LOCK TABLE IN ... MODE(Vadim)
3692 Update ODBC driver(Byron)
3693 New NUMERIC data type(Jan)
3694 New SELECT FOR UPDATE(Vadim)
3695 Handle "NaN" and "Infinity" for input values(Jan)
3696 Improved date/year handling(Thomas)
3697 Improved handling of backend connections(Magnus)
3698 New options ELOG_TIMESTAMPS and USE_SYSLOG options for log files(Massimo)
3699 New TCL_ARRAYS option(Massimo)
3700 New INTERSECT and EXCEPT(Stefan)
3701 New pg_index.indisprimary for primary key tracking(D'Arcy)
3702 New pg_dump option to allow dropping of tables before creation(Brook)
3703 Speedup of row output routines(Tom)
3704 New READ COMMITTED isolation level(Vadim)
3705 New TEMP tables/indexes(Bruce)
3706 Prevent sorting if result is already sorted(Jan)
3707 New memory allocation optimization(Jan)
3708 Allow psql to do \p\g(Bruce)
3709 Allow multiple rule actions(Jan)
3710 Added LIMIT/OFFSET functionality(Jan)
3711 Improve optimizer when joining a large number of tables(Bruce)
3712 New intro to SQL from S. Simkovics' Master's Thesis (Stefan, Thomas)
3713 New intro to backend processing from S. Simkovics' Master's Thesis (Stefan)
3714 Improved int8 support(Ryan Bradetich, Thomas, Tom)
3715 New routines to convert between int8 and text/varchar types(Thomas)
3716 New bushy plans, where meta-tables are joined(Bruce)
3717 Enable right-hand queries by default(Bruce)
3718 Allow reliable maximum number of backends to be set at configure time
3719 (--with-maxbackends and postmaster switch (-N backends))(Tom)
3720 GEQO default now 10 tables because of optimizer speedups(Tom)
3721 Allow NULL=Var for MS-SQL portability(Michael, Bruce)
3722 Modify contrib check_primary_key() so either "automatic" or "dependent"(Anand)
3723 Allow psql \d on a view show query(Ryan)
3724 Speedup for LIKE(Bruce)
3725 Ecpg fixes/features, see src/interfaces/ecpg/ChangeLog file(Michael)
3726 JDBC fixes/features, see src/interfaces/jdbc/CHANGELOG(Peter)
3727 Make % operator have precedence like /(Bruce)
3728 Add new postgres -O option to allow system table structure changes(Bruce)
3729 Update contrib/pginterface/findoidjoins script(Tom)
3730 Major speedup in vacuum of deleted rows with indexes(Vadim)
3731 Allow non-SQL functions to run different versions based on arguments(Tom)
3732 Add -E option that shows actual queries sent by \dt and friends(Masaaki Sakaida)
3733 Add version number in start-up banners for psql(Masaaki Sakaida)
3734 New contrib/vacuumlo removes large objects not referenced(Peter)
3735 New initialization for table sizes so non-vacuumed tables perform better(Tom)
3736 Improve error messages when a connection is rejected(Tom)
3737 Support for arrays of char() and varchar() fields(Massimo)
3738 Overhaul of hash code to increase reliability and performance(Tom)
3739 Update to PyGreSQL 2.4(D'Arcy)
3740 Changed debug options so -d4 and -d5 produce different node displays(Jan)
3741 New pg_options: pretty_plan, pretty_parse, pretty_rewritten(Jan)
3742 Better optimization statistics for system table access(Tom)
3743 Better handling of non-default block sizes(Massimo)
3744 Improve GEQO optimizer memory consumption(Tom)
3745 UNION now suppports ORDER BY of columns not in target list(Jan)
3746 Major libpq++ improvements(Vince Vielhaber)
3747 pg_dump now uses -z(ACL's) as default(Bruce)
3748 backend cache, memory speedups(Tom)
3749 have pg_dump do everything in one snapshot transaction(Vadim)
3750 fix for large object memory leakage, fix for pg_dumping(Tom)
3751 INET type now respects netmask for comparisons
3752 Make VACUUM ANALYZE only use a readlock(Vadim)
3753 Allow VIEWs on UNIONS(Jan)
3754 pg_dump now can generate consistent snapshots on active databases(Vadim)
3758 Improve port matching(Tom)
3759 Portability fixes for SunOS
3760 Add NT/Win32 backend port and enable dynamic loading(Magnus and Daniel Horak)
3761 New port to Cobalt Qube(Mips) running Linux(Tatsuo)
3762 Port to NetBSD/m68k(Mr. Mutsuki Nakajima)
3763 Port to NetBSD/sun3(Mr. Mutsuki Nakajima)
3764 Port to NetBSD/macppc(Toshimi Aoki)
3765 Fix for tcl/tk configuration(Vince)
3766 Removed CURRENT keyword for rule queries(Jan)
3767 NT dynamic loading now works(Daniel Horak)
3768 Add ARM32 support(Andrew McMurry)
3769 Better support for HP-UX 11 and UnixWare
3770 Improve file handling to be more uniform, prevent file descriptor leak(Tom)
3771 New install commands for plpgsql(Jan)
3778 <sect1 id="release-6-4-2">
3779 <title>Release 6.4.2</title>
3782 <title>Release date</title>
3783 <simpara>1998-12-20</simpara>
3787 The 6.4.1 release was improperly packaged. This also has one additional
3793 <title>Migration to version 6.4.2</title>
3796 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
3801 <title>Changes</title>
3805 Fix for datetime constant problem on some platforms(Thomas)
3813 <sect1 id="release-6-4-1">
3814 <title>Release 6.4.1</title>
3817 <title>Release date</title>
3818 <simpara>1998-12-18</simpara>
3822 This is basically a cleanup release for 6.4. We have fixed a variety of
3823 problems reported by 6.4 users.
3828 <title>Migration to version 6.4.1</title>
3831 A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
3836 <title>Changes</title>
3840 Add pg_dump -N flag to force double quotes around identifiers. This is
3842 Fix for NOT in where clause causing crash(Bruce)
3843 EXPLAIN VERBOSE coredump fix(Vadim)
3844 Fix shared-library problems on Linux
3845 Fix test for table existence to allow mixed-case and whitespace in
3846 the table name(Thomas)
3847 Fix a couple of pg_dump bugs
3848 Configure matches template/.similar entries better(Tom)
3849 Change builtin function names from SPI_* to spi_*
3850 OR WHERE clause fix(Vadim)
3851 Fixes for mixed-case table names(Billy)
3852 contrib/linux/postgres.init.csh/sh fix(Thomas)
3853 libpq memory overrun fix
3855 Change exp() behavior to generate error on underflow(Thomas)
3856 pg_dump fixes for memory leak, inheritance constraints, layout change
3857 update pgaccess to 0.93
3858 Fix prototype for 64-bit platforms
3859 Multibyte fixes(Tatsuo)
3861 Fix memory overruns(Tatsuo)
3862 Fix for lo_import() crash(Bruce)
3863 Better search for install program(Tom)
3866 Use implicit type coercion for matching DEFAULT values(Thomas)
3867 Add routines to help with single-byte (internal) character type(Thomas)
3868 Compilation of libpq for Win32 fixes(Magnus)
3869 Upgrade to PyGreSQL 2.2(D'Arcy)
3877 <sect1 id="release-6-4">
3878 <title>Release 6.4</title>
3881 <title>Release date</title>
3882 <simpara>1998-10-30</simpara>
3886 There are <emphasis>many</emphasis> new features and improvements in this release.
3887 Thanks to our developers and maintainers, nearly every aspect of the system
3888 has received some attention since the previous release.
3889 Here is a brief, incomplete summary:
3894 Views and rules are now functional thanks to extensive new code in the
3895 rewrite rules system from Jan Wieck. He also wrote a chapter on it
3896 for the <citetitle>Programmer's Guide</citetitle>.
3901 Jan also contributed a second procedural language, <application>PL/pgSQL</application>, to go with the
3902 original <application>PL/pgTCL</application> procedural language he contributed last release.
3908 We have optional multiple-byte character set support from Tatsuo Ishii
3909 to complement our existing locale support.
3915 Client/server communications has been cleaned up, with better support for
3916 asynchronous messages and interrupts thanks to Tom Lane.
3922 The parser will now perform automatic type coercion to match arguments
3923 to available operators and functions, and to match columns and expressions
3924 with target columns. This uses a generic mechanism which supports
3925 the type extensibility features of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
3926 There is a new chapter in the <citetitle>User's Guide</citetitle>
3927 which covers this topic.
3933 Three new data types have been added.
3934 Two types, <type>inet</type> and <type>cidr</type>, support various forms
3935 of IP network, subnet, and machine addressing. There is now an 8-byte integer
3936 type available on some platforms. See the chapter on data types
3937 in the <citetitle>User's Guide</citetitle> for details.
3938 A fourth type, <type>serial</type>, is now supported by the parser as an
3939 amalgam of the <type>int4</type> type, a sequence, and a unique index.
3945 Several more <acronym>SQL92</acronym>-compatible syntax features have been
3946 added, including <command>INSERT DEFAULT VALUES</command>
3952 The automatic configuration and installation system has received some
3953 attention, and should be more robust for more platforms than it has ever
3962 <title>Migration to version 6.4</title>
3965 A dump/restore using <application>pg_dump</application>
3966 or <application>pg_dumpall</application>
3967 is required for those wishing to migrate data from any
3968 previous release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
3973 <title>Changes</title>
3979 Fix for a tiny memory leak in PQsetdb/PQfinish(Bryan)
3980 Remove char2-16 data types, use char/varchar(Darren)
3981 Pqfn not handles a NOTICE message(Anders)
3982 Reduced busywaiting overhead for spinlocks with many backends (dg)
3983 Stuck spinlock detection (dg)
3984 Fix up "ISO-style" timespan decoding and encoding(Thomas)
3985 Fix problem with table drop after rollback of transaction(Vadim)
3986 Change error message and remove non-functional update message(Vadim)
3987 Fix for COPY array checking
3988 Fix for SELECT 1 UNION SELECT NULL
3989 Fix for buffer leaks in large object calls(Pascal)
3990 Change owner from oid to int4 type(Bruce)
3991 Fix a bug in the oracle compatibility functions btrim() ltrim() and rtrim()
3992 Fix for shared invalidation cache overflow(Massimo)
3993 Prevent file descriptor leaks in failed COPY's(Bruce)
3994 Fix memory leak in libpgtcl's pg_select(Constantin)
3995 Fix problems with username/passwords over 8 characters(Tom)
3996 Fix problems with handling of asynchronous NOTIFY in backend(Tom)
3997 Fix of many bad system table entries(Tom)
4001 Upgrade ecpg and ecpglib,see src/interfaces/ecpc/ChangeLog(Michael)
4002 Show the index used in an EXPLAIN(Zeugswetter)
4003 EXPLAIN invokes rule system and shows plan(s) for rewritten queries(Jan)
4004 Multibyte awareness of many data types and functions, via configure(Tatsuo)
4005 New configure --with-mb option(Tatsuo)
4006 New initdb --pgencoding option(Tatsuo)
4007 New createdb -E multibyte option(Tatsuo)
4008 Select version(); now returns PostgreSQL version(Jeroen)
4009 libpq now allows asynchronous clients(Tom)
4010 Allow cancel from client of backend query(Tom)
4011 psql now cancels query with Control-C(Tom)
4012 libpq users need not issue dummy queries to get NOTIFY messages(Tom)
4013 NOTIFY now sends sender's PID, so you can tell whether it was your own(Tom)
4014 PGresult struct now includes associated error message, if any(Tom)
4015 Define "tz_hour" and "tz_minute" arguments to date_part()(Thomas)
4016 Add routines to convert between varchar and bpchar(Thomas)
4017 Add routines to allow sizing of varchar and bpchar into target columns(Thomas)
4018 Add bit flags to support timezonehour and minute in data retrieval(Thomas)
4019 Allow more variations on valid floating point numbers (e.g. ".1", "1e6")(Thomas)
4020 Fixes for unary minus parsing with leading spaces(Thomas)
4021 Implement TIMEZONE_HOUR, TIMEZONE_MINUTE per SQL92 specs(Thomas)
4022 Check for and properly ignore FOREIGN KEY column constraints(Thomas)
4023 Define USER as synonym for CURRENT_USER per SQL92 specs(Thomas)
4024 Enable HAVING clause but no fixes elsewhere yet.
4025 Make "char" type a synonym for "char(1)" (actually implemented as bpchar)(Thomas)
4026 Save string type if specified for DEFAULT clause handling(Thomas)
4027 Coerce operations involving different data types(Thomas)
4028 Allow some index use for columns of different types(Thomas)
4029 Add capabilities for automatic type conversion(Thomas)
4030 Cleanups for large objects, so file is truncated on open(Peter)
4031 Readline cleanups(Tom)
4032 Allow psql \f \ to make spaces as delimiter(Bruce)
4033 Pass pg_attribute.atttypmod to the frontend for column field lengths(Tom,Bruce)
4034 Msql compatibility library in /contrib(Aldrin)
4035 Remove the requirement that ORDER/GROUP BY clause identifiers be
4036 included in the target list(David)
4037 Convert columns to match columns in UNION clauses(Thomas)
4038 Remove fork()/exec() and only do fork()(Bruce)
4039 Jdbc cleanups(Peter)
4040 Show backend status on ps command line(only works on some platforms)(Bruce)
4041 Pg_hba.conf now has a sameuser option in the database field
4042 Make lo_unlink take oid param, not int4
4043 New DISABLE_COMPLEX_MACRO for compilers that can't handle our macros(Bruce)
4044 Libpgtcl now handles NOTIFY as a Tcl event, need not send dummy queries(Tom)
4045 libpgtcl cleanups(Tom)
4046 Add -error option to libpgtcl's pg_result command(Tom)
4047 New locale patch, see docs/README/locale(Oleg)
4048 Fix for pg_dump so CONSTRAINT and CHECK syntax is correct(ccb)
4049 New contrib/lo code for large object orphan removal(Peter)
4050 New psql command "SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'encoding'" for multibytes
4051 feature, see /doc/README.mb(Tatsuo)
4052 /contrib/noupdate code to revoke update permission on a column
4053 libpq can now be compiled on win32(Magnus)
4054 Add PQsetdbLogin() in libpq
4055 New 8-byte integer type, checked by configure for OS support(Thomas)
4056 Better support for quoted table/column names(Thomas)
4057 Surround table and column names with double-quotes in pg_dump(Thomas)
4058 PQreset() now works with passwords(Tom)
4059 Handle case of GROUP BY target list column number out of range(David)
4060 Allow UNION in subselects
4061 Add auto-size to screen to \d? commands(Bruce)
4062 Use UNION to show all \d? results in one query(Bruce)
4063 Add \d? field search feature(Bruce)
4064 Pg_dump issues fewer \connect requests(Tom)
4065 Make pg_dump -z flag work better, document it in manual page(Tom)
4066 Add HAVING clause with full support for subselects and unions(Stephan)
4067 Full text indexing routines in contrib/fulltextindex(Maarten)
4068 Transaction ids now stored in shared memory(Vadim)
4069 New PGCLIENTENCODING when issuing COPY command(Tatsuo)
4070 Support for SQL92 syntax "SET NAMES"(Tatsuo)
4071 Support for LATIN2-5(Tatsuo)
4072 Add UNICODE regression test case(Tatsuo)
4073 Lock manager cleanup, new locking modes for LLL(Vadim)
4074 Allow index use with OR clauses(Bruce)
4075 Allows "SELECT NULL ORDER BY 1;"
4076 Explain VERBOSE prints the plan, and now pretty-prints the plan to
4077 the postmaster log file(Bruce)
4078 Add indexes display to \d command(Bruce)
4079 Allow GROUP BY on functions(David)
4080 New pg_class.relkind for large objects(Bruce)
4081 New way to send libpq NOTICE messages to a different location(Tom)
4082 New \w write command to psql(Bruce)
4083 New /contrib/findoidjoins scans oid columns to find join relationships(Bruce)
4084 Allow binary-compatible indexes to be considered when checking for valid
4085 Indexes for restriction clauses containing a constant(Thomas)
4086 New ISBN/ISSN code in /contrib/isbn_issn
4087 Allow NOT LIKE, IN, NOT IN, BETWEEN, and NOT BETWEEN constraint(Thomas)
4088 New rewrite system fixes many problems with rules and views(Jan)
4089 * Rules on relations work
4090 * Event qualifications on insert/update/delete work
4091 * New OLD variable to reference CURRENT, CURRENT will be remove in future
4092 * Update rules can reference NEW and OLD in rule qualifications/actions
4093 * Insert/update/delete rules on views work
4094 * Multiple rule actions are now supported, surrounded by parentheses
4095 * Regular users can create views/rules on tables they have RULE permits
4096 * Rules and views inherit the permissions on the creator
4097 * No rules at the column level
4098 * No UPDATE NEW/OLD rules
4099 * New pg_tables, pg_indexes, pg_rules and pg_views system views
4100 * Only a single action on SELECT rules
4101 * Total rewrite overhaul, perhaps for 6.5
4103 * handle aggregates on views
4104 * handle insert into select from view works
4105 System indexes are now multikey(Bruce)
4106 Oidint2, oidint4, and oidname types are removed(Bruce)
4107 Use system cache for more system table lookups(Bruce)
4108 New backend programming language PL/pgSQL in backend/pl(Jan)
4109 New SERIAL data type, auto-creates sequence/index(Thomas)
4110 Enable assert checking without a recompile(Massimo)
4111 User lock enhancements(Massimo)
4112 New setval() command to set sequence value(Massimo)
4113 Auto-remove unix socket file on start-up if no postmaster running(Massimo)
4114 Conditional trace package(Massimo)
4115 New UNLISTEN command(Massimo)
4116 psql and libpq now compile under win32 using win32.mak(Magnus)
4117 Lo_read no longer stores trailing NULL(Bruce)
4118 Identifiers are now truncated to 31 characters internally(Bruce)
4119 Createuser options now availble on the command line
4120 Code for 64-bit integer supported added, configure tested, int8 type(Thomas)
4121 Prevent file descriptor leaf from failed COPY(Bruce)
4122 New pg_upgrade command(Bruce)
4123 Updated /contrib directories(Massimo)
4124 New CREATE TABLE DEFAULT VALUES statement available(Thomas)
4125 New INSERT INTO TABLE DEFAULT VALUES statement available(Thomas)
4126 New DECLARE and FETCH feature(Thomas)
4127 libpq's internal structures now not exported(Tom)
4128 Allow up to 8 key indexes(Bruce)
4129 Remove ARCHIVE keyword, that is no longer used(Thomas)
4130 pg_dump -n flag to supress quotes around indentifiers
4131 disable system columns for views(Jan)
4132 new INET and CIDR types for network addresses(TomH, Paul)
4133 no more double quotes in psql output
4134 pg_dump now dumps views(Terry)
4135 new SET QUERY_LIMIT(Tatsuo,Jan)
4139 /contrib cleanup(Jun)
4140 Inline some small functions called for every row(Bruce)
4143 Multibyte regression tests(Soonmyung.)
4144 Remove --disabled options from configure
4145 Define PGDOC to use POSTGRESDIR by default
4146 Make regression optional
4147 Remove extra braces code to pgindent(Bruce)
4148 Add bsdi shared library support(Bruce)
4149 New --without-CXX support configure option(Brook)
4151 Update backend flowchart in tools/backend(Bruce)
4152 Change atttypmod from int16 to int32(Bruce, Tom)
4153 Getrusage() fix for platforms that do not have it(Tom)
4154 Add PQconnectdb, PGUSER, PGPASSWORD to libpq man page
4155 NS32K platform fixes(Phil Nelson, John Buller)
4156 SCO 7/UnixWare 2.x fixes(Billy,others)
4157 Sparc/Solaris 2.5 fixes(Ryan)
4158 Pgbuiltin.3 is obsolete, move to doc files(Thomas)
4159 Even more documention(Thomas)
4160 Nextstep support(Jacek)
4162 pginterface manual page(Bruce)
4163 shared libraries all have version numbers
4164 merged all OS-specific shared library defines into one file
4165 smarter TCL/TK configuration checking(Billy)
4166 smarter perl configuration(Brook)
4167 configure uses supplied install-sh if no install script found(Tom)
4168 new Makefile.shlib for shared library configuration(Tom)
4174 <sect1 id="release-6-3-2">
4175 <title>Release 6.3.2</title>
4178 <title>Release date</title>
4179 <simpara>1998-04-07</simpara>
4183 This is a bug-fix release for 6.3.x.
4184 Refer to the release notes for version 6.3 for a more complete summary of new features.
4192 Repairs automatic configuration support for some platforms, including Linux,
4193 from breakage inadvertently introduced in version 6.3.1.
4199 Correctly handles function calls on the left side of BETWEEN and LIKE clauses.
4206 A dump/restore is NOT required for those running 6.3 or 6.3.1. A
4207 <literal>make distclean</>, <literal>make</>, and <literal>make install</> is all that is required.
4208 This last step should be performed while the postmaster is not running.
4209 You should re-link any custom applications that use <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> libraries.
4212 For upgrades from pre-6.3 installations,
4213 refer to the installation and migration instructions for version 6.3.
4217 <title>Changes</title>
4221 Configure detection improvements for tcl/tk(Brook Milligan, Alvin)
4222 Manual page improvements(Bruce)
4223 BETWEEN and LIKE fix(Thomas)
4224 fix for psql \connect used by pg_dump(Oliver Elphick)
4226 pgaccess, version 0.86
4227 qsort removed, now uses libc version, cleanups(Jeroen)
4228 fix for buffer over-runs detected(Maurice Gittens)
4229 fix for buffer overrun in libpgtcl(Randy Kunkee)
4230 fix for UNION with DISTINCT or ORDER BY(Bruce)
4231 gettimeofday configure check(Doug Winterburn)
4232 Fix "indexes not used" bug(Vadim)
4233 docs additions(Thomas)
4234 Fix for backend memory leak(Bruce)
4235 libreadline cleanup(Erwan MAS)
4236 Remove DISTDIR(Bruce)
4237 Makefile dependency cleanup(Jeroen van Vianen)
4244 <sect1 id="release-6-3-1">
4245 <title>Release 6.3.1</title>
4248 <title>Release date</title>
4249 <simpara>1998-03-23</simpara>
4258 Additional support for multibyte character sets.
4264 Repair byte ordering for mixed-endian clients and servers.
4270 Minor updates to allowed SQL syntax.
4276 Improvements to the configuration autodetection for installation.
4283 A dump/restore is NOT required for those running 6.3. A
4284 <literal>make distclean</>, <literal>make</>, and <literal>make install</> is all that is required.
4285 This last step should be performed while the postmaster is not running.
4286 You should re-link any custom applications that use <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> libraries.
4289 For upgrades from pre-6.3 installations,
4290 refer to the installation and migration instructions for version 6.3.
4294 <title>Changes</title>
4298 ecpg cleanup/fixes, now version 1.1(Michael Meskes)
4299 pg_user cleanup(Bruce)
4300 large object fix for pg_dump and tclsh (alvin)
4301 LIKE fix for multiple adjacent underscores
4302 fix for redefining builtin functions(Thomas)
4304 upgrade to pg_access 0.83
4305 updated CLUSTER manual page
4306 multibyte character set support, see doc/README.mb(Tatsuo)
4307 configure --with-pgport fix
4309 big-endian fix for backend communications(Kataoka)
4310 SUBSTR() and substring() fix(Jan)
4311 several jdbc fixes(Peter)
4312 libpgtcl improvements, see libptcl/README(Randy Kunkee)
4313 Fix for "Datasize = 0" error(Vadim)
4314 Prevent \do from wrapping(Bruce)
4315 Remove duplicate Russian character set entries
4317 Allow optional TABLE keyword in LOCK and SELECT INTO(Thomas)
4318 CREATE SEQUENCE options to allow a negative integer(Thomas)
4319 Add "PASSWORD" as an allowed column identifier(Thomas)
4320 Add checks for UNION target fields(Bruce)
4321 Fix Alpha port(Dwayne Bailey)
4322 Fix for text arrays containing quotes(Doug Gibson)
4323 Solaris compile fix(Albert Chin-A-Young)
4324 Better identify tcl and tk libs and includes(Bruce)
4330 <sect1 id="release-6-3">
4331 <title>Release 6.3</title>
4334 <title>Release date</title>
4335 <simpara>1998-03-01</simpara>
4339 There are <emphasis>many</emphasis> new features and improvements in this release.
4340 Here is a brief, incomplete summary:
4345 Many new SQL features, including
4346 full <acronym>SQL92</acronym> subselect capability
4347 (everything is here but target-list subselects).
4353 Support for client-side environment variables to specify time zone and date style.
4359 Socket interface for client/server connection. This is the default now
4360 so you may need to start <application>postmaster</application> with the
4361 <option>-i</option> flag.
4367 Better password authorization mechanisms. Default table permissions have changed.
4373 Old-style <firstterm>time travel</firstterm>
4374 has been removed. Performance has been improved.
4382 Bruce Momjian wrote the following notes to introduce the new release.
4387 There are some general 6.3 issues that I want to mention. These are
4388 only the big items that can not be described in one sentence. A review
4389 of the detailed changes list is still needed.
4392 First, we now have subselects. Now that we have them, I would like to
4393 mention that without subselects, SQL is a very limited language.
4394 Subselects are a major feature, and you should review your code for
4395 places where subselects provide a better solution for your queries. I
4396 think you will find that there are more uses for subselects than you may
4397 think. Vadim has put us on the big SQL map with subselects, and fully
4398 functional ones too. The only thing you can't do with subselects is to
4399 use them in the target list.
4402 Second, 6.3 uses Unix domain sockets rather than TCP/IP by default. To
4403 enable connections from other machines, you have to use the new
4404 postmaster -i option, and of course edit <filename>pg_hba.conf</filename>. Also, for this
4405 reason, the format of <filename>pg_hba.conf</filename> has changed.
4408 Third, <type>char()</type> fields will now allow faster access than <type>varchar()</type> or
4409 <type>text</type>. Specifically, the <type>text</> and <type>varchar()</type> have a penalty for access to
4410 any columns after the first column of this type. <type>char()</type> used to also
4411 have this access penalty, but it no longer does. This may suggest that
4412 you redesign some of your tables, especially if you have short character
4413 columns that you have defined as <type>varchar()</type> or <type>text</type>. This and other
4414 changes make 6.3 even faster than earlier releases.
4417 We now have passwords definable independent of any Unix file. There are
4418 new SQL USER commands.
4419 See the <citetitle>Administrator's Guide</citetitle> for more
4420 information. There is a new table, pg_shadow, which is used to store
4421 user information and user passwords, and it by default only SELECT-able
4422 by the <systemitem>postgres</systemitem> super-user. pg_user is now a view of pg_shadow, and is
4423 SELECT-able by PUBLIC. You should keep using pg_user in your
4424 application without changes.
4427 User-created tables now no longer have SELECT permission to PUBLIC by
4428 default. This was done because the ANSI standard requires it. You can
4429 of course GRANT any permissions you want after the table is created.
4430 System tables continue to be SELECT-able by PUBLIC.
4433 We also have real deadlock detection code. No more sixty-second
4434 timeouts. And the new locking code implements a <acronym>FIFO</acronym> better, so there
4435 should be less resource starvation during heavy use.
4438 Many complaints have been made about inadequate documentation in previous
4439 releases. Thomas has put much effort into many new manuals for this
4440 release. Check out the doc/ directory.
4443 For performance reasons, time travel is gone, but can be implemented
4444 using triggers (see <filename>pgsql/contrib/spi/README</filename>). Please check out the new
4445 \d command for types, operators, etc. Also, views have their own
4446 permissions now, not based on the underlying tables, so permissions on
4447 them have to be set separately. Check <filename>/pgsql/interfaces</filename> for some new
4448 ways to talk to <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
4451 This is the first release that really required an explanation for
4452 existing users. In many ways, this was necessary because the new
4453 release removes many limitations, and the work-arounds people were using
4454 are no longer needed.
4458 <title>Migration to version 6.3</title>
4461 A dump/restore using <application>pg_dump</application>
4462 or <application>pg_dumpall</application>
4463 is required for those wishing to migrate data from any
4464 previous release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
4469 <title>Changes</title>
4475 Fix binary cursors broken by MOVE implementation(Vadim)
4476 Fix for tcl library crash(Jan)
4477 Fix for array handling, from Gerhard Hintermayer
4478 Fix acl error, and remove duplicate pqtrace(Bruce)
4479 Fix psql \e for empty file(Bruce)
4480 Fix for textcat on varchar() fields(Bruce)
4481 Fix for DBT Sendproc (Zeugswetter Andres)
4482 Fix vacuum analyze syntax problem(Bruce)
4483 Fix for international identifiers(Tatsuo)
4484 Fix aggregates on inherited tables(Bruce)
4485 Fix substr() for out-of-bounds data
4486 Fix for select 1=1 or 2=2, select 1=1 and 2=2, and select sum(2+2)(Bruce)
4487 Fix notty output to show status result. -q option still turns it off(Bruce)
4488 Fix for count(*), aggs with views and multiple tables and sum(3)(Bruce)
4490 Fix for PQtrace start/stop several times(Bruce)
4491 Fix a variety of locking problems like newer lock waiters getting
4492 lock before older waiters, and having readlock people not share
4493 locks if a writer is waiting for a lock, and waiting writers not
4494 getting priority over waiting readers(Bruce)
4495 Fix crashes in psql when executing queries from external files(James)
4496 Fix problem with multiple order by columns, with the first one having
4498 Use correct hash table support functions for float8 and int4(Thomas)
4499 Re-enable JOIN= option in CREATE OPERATOR statement (Thomas)
4500 Change precedence for boolean operators to match expected behavior(Thomas)
4501 Generate elog(ERROR) on over-large integer(Bruce)
4502 Allow multiple-argument functions in constraint clauses(Thomas)
4503 Check boolean input literals for 'true','false','yes','no','1','0'
4504 and throw elog(ERROR) if unrecognized(Thomas)
4505 Major large objects fix
4506 Fix for GROUP BY showing duplicates(Vadim)
4507 Fix for index scans in MergeJion(Vadim)
4511 Subselects with EXISTS, IN, ALL, ANY keywords (Vadim, Bruce, Thomas)
4512 New User Manual(Thomas, others)
4513 Speedup by inlining some frequently-called functions
4514 Real deadlock detection, no more timeouts(Bruce)
4515 Add SQL92 "constants" CURRENT_DATE, CURRENT_TIME, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
4516 CURRENT_USER(Thomas)
4517 Modify constraint syntax to be SQL92-compliant(Thomas)
4518 Implement SQL92 PRIMARY KEY and UNIQUE clauses using indexes(Thomas)
4519 Recognize SQL92 syntax for FOREIGN KEY. Throw elog notice(Thomas)
4520 Allow NOT NULL UNIQUE constraint clause (each allowed separately before)(Thomas)
4521 Allow PostgreSQL-style casting ("::") of non-constants(Thomas)
4522 Add support for SQL3 TRUE and FALSE boolean constants(Thomas)
4523 Support SQL92 syntax for IS TRUE/IS FALSE/IS NOT TRUE/IS NOT FALSE(Thomas)
4524 Allow shorter strings for boolean literals (e.g. "t", "tr", "tru")(Thomas)
4525 Allow SQL92 delimited identifiers(Thomas)
4526 Implement SQL92 binary and hexadecimal string decoding (b'10' and x'1F')(Thomas)
4527 Support SQL92 syntax for type coercion of literal strings
4528 (e.g. "DATETIME 'now'")(Thomas)
4529 Add conversions for int2, int4, and OID types to and from text(Thomas)
4530 Use shared lock when building indexes(Vadim)
4531 Free memory allocated for an user query inside transaction block after
4532 this query is done, was turned off in <= 6.2.1(Vadim)
4533 New SQL statement CREATE PROCEDURAL LANGUAGE(Jan)
4534 New <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> Procedural Language (PL) backend interface(Jan)
4535 Rename pg_dump -H option to -h(Bruce)
4536 Add Java support for passwords, European dates(Peter)
4537 Use indexes for LIKE and ~, !~ operations(Bruce)
4538 Add hash functions for datetime and timespan(Thomas)
4539 Time Travel removed(Vadim, Bruce)
4540 Add paging for \d and \z, and fix \i(Bruce)
4541 Add Unix domain socket support to backend and to frontend library(Goran)
4542 Implement CREATE DATABASE/WITH LOCATION and initlocation utility(Thomas)
4543 Allow more SQL92 and/or <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> reserved words as column identifiers(Thomas)
4544 Augment support for SQL92 SET TIME ZONE...(Thomas)
4545 SET/SHOW/RESET TIME ZONE uses TZ backend environment variable(Thomas)
4546 Implement SET keyword = DEFAULT and SET TIME ZONE DEFAULT(Thomas)
4547 Enable SET TIME ZONE using TZ environment variable(Thomas)
4548 Add PGDATESTYLE environment variable to frontend and backend initialization(Thomas)
4549 Add PGTZ, PGCOSTHEAP, PGCOSTINDEX, PGRPLANS, PGGEQO
4550 frontend library initialization environment variables(Thomas)
4551 Regression tests time zone automatically set with "setenv PGTZ PST8PDT"(Thomas)
4552 Add pg_description table for info on tables, columns, operators, types, and
4554 Increase 16 char limit on system table/index names to 32 characters(Bruce)
4555 Rename system indexes(Bruce)
4556 Add 'GERMAN' option to SET DATESTYLE(Thomas)
4557 Define an "ISO-style" timespan output format with "hh:mm:ss" fields(Thomas)
4558 Allow fractional values for delta times (e.g. '2.5 days')(Thomas)
4559 Validate numeric input more carefully for delta times(Thomas)
4560 Implement day of year as possible input to date_part()(Thomas)
4561 Define timespan_finite() and text_timespan() functions(Thomas)
4562 Remove archive stuff(Bruce)
4563 Allow for a pg_password authentication database that is separate from
4564 the system password file(Todd)
4565 Dump ACLs, GRANT, REVOKE permissions(Matt)
4566 Define text, varchar, and bpchar string length functions(Thomas)
4567 Fix Query handling for inheritance, and cost computations(Bruce)
4568 Implement CREATE TABLE/AS SELECT (alternative to SELECT/INTO)(Thomas)
4569 Allow NOT, IS NULL, IS NOT NULL in constraints(Thomas)
4570 Implement UNIONs for SELECT(Bruce)
4571 Add UNION, GROUP, DISTINCT to INSERT(Bruce)
4572 varchar() stores only necessary bytes on disk(Bruce)
4573 Fix for BLOBs(Peter)
4574 Mega-Patch for JDBC...see README_6.3 for list of changes(Peter)
4575 Remove unused "option" from PQconnectdb()
4576 New LOCK command and lock manual page describing deadlocks(Bruce)
4577 Add new psql \da, \dd, \df, \do, \dS, and \dT commands(Bruce)
4578 Enhance psql \z to show sequences(Bruce)
4579 Show NOT NULL and DEFAULT in psql \d table(Bruce)
4580 New psql .psqlrc file start-up(Andrew)
4581 Modify sample start-up script in contrib/linux to show syslog(Thomas)
4582 New types for IP and MAC addresses in contrib/ip_and_mac(TomH)
4583 Unix system time conversions with date/time types in contrib/unixdate(Thomas)
4584 Update of contrib stuff(Massimo)
4585 Add Unix socket support to DBD::Pg(Goran)
4586 New python interface (PyGreSQL 2.0)(D'Arcy)
4587 New frontend/backend protocol has a version number, network byte order(Phil)
4588 Security features in pg_hba.conf enhanced and documented, many cleanups(Phil)
4589 CHAR() now faster access than VARCHAR() or TEXT
4590 ecpg embedded SQL preprocessor
4591 Reduce system column overhead(Vadmin)
4592 Remove pg_time table(Vadim)
4593 Add pg_type attribute to identify types that need length (bpchar, varchar)
4594 Add report of offending line when COPY command fails
4595 Allow VIEW permissions to be set separately from the underlying tables.
4596 For security, use GRANT/REVOKE on views as appropriate(Jan)
4597 Tables now have no default GRANT SELECT TO PUBLIC. You must
4598 explicitly grant such permissions.
4599 Clean up tutorial examples(Darren)
4603 Add new html development tools, and flow chart in /tools/backend
4604 Fix for SCO compiles
4605 Stratus computer port Robert Gillies
4606 Added support for shlib for BSD44_derived & i386_solaris
4607 Make configure more automated(Brook)
4608 Add script to check regression test results
4609 Break parser functions into smaller files, group together(Bruce)
4610 Rename heap_create to heap_create_and_catalog, rename heap_creatr
4611 to heap_create()(Bruce)
4612 Sparc/Linux patch for locking(TomS)
4613 Remove PORTNAME and reorganize port-specific stuff(Marc)
4614 Add optimizer README file(Bruce)
4615 Remove some recursion in optimizer and clean up some code there(Bruce)
4616 Fix for NetBSD locking(Henry)
4617 Fix for libptcl make(Tatsuo)
4619 Change IS TRUE, IS FALSE, ... to expressions using "=" rather than
4620 function calls to istrue() or isfalse() to allow optimization(Thomas)
4621 Various fixes NetBSD/Sparc related(TomH)
4622 Alpha linux locking(Travis,Ryan)
4623 Change elog(WARN) to elog(ERROR)(Bruce)
4624 FAQ for FreeBSD(Marc)
4625 Bring in the PostODBC source tree as part of our standard distribution(Marc)
4626 A minor patch for HP/UX 10 vs 9(Stan)
4627 New pg_attribute.atttypmod for type-specific info like varchar length(Bruce)
4628 UnixWare patches(Billy)
4629 New i386 'lock' for spin lock asm(Billy)
4630 Support for multiplexed backends is removed
4631 Start an OpenBSD port
4634 Add string functions to regression suite(Thomas)
4635 Expand a few function names formerly truncated to 16 characters(Thomas)
4636 Remove un-needed malloc() calls and replace with palloc()(Bruce)
4642 <sect1 id="release-6-2-1">
4643 <title>Release 6.2.1</title>
4646 <title>Release date</title>
4647 <simpara>1997-10-17</simpara>
4651 6.2.1 is a bug-fix and usability release on 6.2.
4659 Allow strings to span lines, per <acronym>SQL92</acronym>.
4665 Include example trigger function for inserting user names on table updates.
4672 This is a minor bug-fix release on 6.2.
4673 For upgrades from pre-6.2 systems, a full dump/reload is required.
4674 Refer to the 6.2 release notes for instructions.
4678 <title>Migration from version 6.2 to version 6.2.1</title>
4681 This is a minor bug-fix release. A dump/reload is not required from version 6.2,
4682 but is required from any release prior to 6.2.
4685 In upgrading from version 6.2, if you choose to dump/reload you will find that
4686 avg(money) is now calculated correctly. All other bug fixes take effect
4687 upon updating the executables.
4690 Another way to avoid dump/reload is to use the following SQL command
4691 from <command>psql</command> to update the existing system table:
4694 update pg_aggregate set aggfinalfn = 'cash_div_flt8'
4695 where aggname = 'avg' and aggbasetype = 790;
4699 This will need to be done to every existing database, including template1.
4704 <title>Changes</title>
4708 Allow TIME and TYPE column names(Thomas)
4709 Allow larger range of true/false as boolean values(Thomas)
4710 Support output of "now" and "current"(Thomas)
4711 Handle DEFAULT with INSERT of NULL properly(Vadim)
4712 Fix for relation reference counts problem in buffer manager(Vadim)
4713 Allow strings to span lines, like ANSI(Thomas)
4714 Fix for backward cursor with ORDER BY(Vadim)
4715 Fix avg(cash) computation(Thomas)
4716 Fix for specifying a column twice in ORDER/GROUP BY(Vadim)
4717 Documented new libpq function to return affected rows, PQcmdTuples(Bruce)
4718 Trigger function for inserting user names for INSERT/UPDATE(Brook Milligan)
4724 <sect1 id="release-6-2">
4725 <title>Release 6.2</title>
4728 <title>Release date</title>
4729 <simpara>1997-10-02</simpara>
4733 A dump/restore is required for those wishing to migrate data from
4734 previous releases of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
4738 <title>Migration from version 6.1 to version 6.2</title>
4741 This migration requires a complete dump of the 6.1 database and a
4742 restore of the database in 6.2.
4745 Note that the <command>pg_dump</command> and <command>pg_dumpall</command> utility from 6.2 should be used
4746 to dump the 6.1 database.
4751 <title>Migration from version 1.<replaceable>x</> to version 6.2</title>
4754 Those migrating from earlier 1.* releases should first upgrade to 1.09
4755 because the COPY output format was improved from the 1.02 release.
4760 <title>Changes</title>
4766 Fix problems with pg_dump for inheritance, sequences, archive tables(Bruce)
4767 Fix compile errors on overflow due to shifts, unsigned, and bad prototypes
4768 from Solaris(Diab Jerius)
4769 Fix bugs in geometric line arithmetic (bad intersection calculations)(Thomas)
4770 Check for geometric intersections at endpoints to avoid rounding ugliness(Thomas)
4771 Catch non-functional delete attempts(Vadim)
4772 Change time function names to be more consistent(Michael Reifenberg)
4773 Check for zero divides(Michael Reifenberg)
4774 Fix very old bug which made tuples changed/inserted by a commnd
4775 visible to the command itself (so we had multiple update of
4776 updated tuples, etc)(Vadim)
4777 Fix for SELECT null, 'fail' FROM pg_am (Patrick)
4778 SELECT NULL as EMPTY_FIELD now allowed(Patrick)
4779 Remove un-needed signal stuff from contrib/pginterface
4780 Fix OR (where x != 1 or x isnull didn't return tuples with x NULL) (Vadim)
4781 Fix time_cmp function (Vadim)
4782 Fix handling of functions with non-attribute first argument in
4783 WHERE clauses (Vadim)
4784 Fix GROUP BY when order of entries is different from order
4785 in target list (Vadim)
4786 Fix pg_dump for aggregates without sfunc1 (Vadim)
4790 Default genetic optimizer GEQO parameter is now 8(Bruce)
4791 Allow use parameters in target list having aggregates in functions(Vadim)
4792 Added JDBC driver as an interface(Adrian & Peter)
4794 Return number of tuples inserted/affected by INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE etc.(Vadim)
4795 Triggers implemented with CREATE TRIGGER (SQL3)(Vadim)
4796 SPI (Server Programming Interface) allows execution of queries inside
4798 NOT NULL implemented (SQL92)(Robson Paniago de Miranda)
4799 Include reserved words for string handling, outer joins, and unions(Thomas)
4800 Implement extended comments ("/* ... */") using exclusive states(Thomas)
4801 Add "//" single-line comments(Bruce)
4802 Remove some restrictions on characters in operator names(Thomas)
4803 DEFAULT and CONSTRAINT for tables implemented (SQL92)(Vadim & Thomas)
4804 Add text concatenation operator and function (SQL92)(Thomas)
4805 Support WITH TIME ZONE syntax (SQL92)(Thomas)
4806 Support INTERVAL unit TO unit syntax (SQL92)(Thomas)
4807 Define types DOUBLE PRECISION, INTERVAL, CHARACTER,
4808 and CHARACTER VARYING (SQL92)(Thomas)
4809 Define type FLOAT(p) and rudimentary DECIMAL(p,s), NUMERIC(p,s) (SQL92)(Thomas)
4810 Define EXTRACT(), POSITION(), SUBSTRING(), and TRIM() (SQL92)(Thomas)
4811 Define CURRENT_DATE, CURRENT_TIME, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP (SQL92)(Thomas)
4812 Add syntax and warnings for UNION, HAVING, INNER and OUTER JOIN (SQL92)(Thomas)
4813 Add more reserved words, mostly for SQL92 compliance(Thomas)
4814 Allow hh:mm:ss time entry for timespan/reltime types(Thomas)
4815 Add center() routines for lseg, path, polygon(Thomas)
4816 Add distance() routines for circle-polygon, polygon-polygon(Thomas)
4817 Check explicitly for points and polygons contained within polygons
4818 using an axis-crossing algorithm(Thomas)
4819 Add routine to convert circle-box(Thomas)
4820 Merge conflicting operators for different geometric data types(Thomas)
4821 Replace distance operator "<===>" with "<->"(Thomas)
4822 Replace "above" operator "!^" with ">^" and "below" operator "!|" with "<^"(Thomas)
4823 Add routines for text trimming on both ends, substring, and string position(Thomas)
4824 Added conversion routines circle(box) and poly(circle)(Thomas)
4825 Allow internal sorts to be stored in memory rather than in files(Bruce & Vadim)
4826 Allow functions and operators on internally-identical types to succeed(Bruce)
4827 Speed up backend start-up after profiling analysis(Bruce)
4828 Inline frequently called functions for performance(Bruce)
4829 Reduce open() calls(Bruce)
4830 psql: Add PAGER for \h and \?,\C fix
4831 Fix for psql pager when no tty(Bruce)
4832 New entab utility(Bruce)
4833 General trigger functions for referential integrity (Vadim)
4834 General trigger functions for time travel (Vadim)
4835 General trigger functions for AUTOINCREMENT/IDENTITY feature (Vadim)
4836 MOVE implementation (Vadim)
4840 HP-UX 10 patches (Vladimir Turin)
4841 Added SCO support, (Daniel Harris)
4842 MkLinux patches (Tatsuo Ishii)
4843 Change geometric box terminology from "length" to "width"(Thomas)
4844 Deprecate temporary unstored slope fields in geometric code(Thomas)
4845 Remove restart instructions from INSTALL(Bruce)
4846 Look in /usr/ucb first for install(Bruce)
4847 Fix c++ copy example code(Thomas)
4848 Add -o to psql manual page(Bruce)
4849 Prevent relname unallocated string length from being copied into database(Bruce)
4850 Cleanup for NAMEDATALEN use(Bruce)
4851 Fix pg_proc names over 15 chars in output(Bruce)
4852 Add strNcpy() function(Bruce)
4853 remove some (void) casts that are unnecessary(Bruce)
4854 new interfaces directory(Marc)
4855 Replace fopen() calls with calls to fd.c functions(Bruce)
4856 Make functions static where possible(Bruce)
4857 enclose unused functions in #ifdef NOT_USED(Bruce)
4858 Remove call to difftime() in timestamp support to fix SunOS(Bruce & Thomas)
4859 Changes for Digital Unix
4860 Portability fix for pg_dumpall(Bruce)
4861 Rename pg_attribute.attnvals to attdispersion(Bruce)
4862 "intro/unix" manual page now "pgintro"(Bruce)
4863 "built-in" manual page now "pgbuiltin"(Bruce)
4864 "drop" manual page now "drop_table"(Bruce)
4865 Add "create_trigger", "drop_trigger" manual pages(Thomas)
4866 Add constraints regression test(Vadim & Thomas)
4867 Add comments syntax regression test(Thomas)
4868 Add PGINDENT and support program(Bruce)
4869 Massive commit to run PGINDENT on all *.c and *.h files(Bruce)
4870 Files moved to /src/tools directory(Bruce)
4871 SPI and Trigger programming guides (Vadim & D'Arcy)
4877 <sect1 id="release-6-1-1">
4878 <title>Release 6.1.1</title>
4881 <title>Release date</title>
4882 <simpara>1997-07-22</simpara>
4886 <title>Migration from version 6.1 to version 6.1.1</title>
4889 This is a minor bug-fix release. A dump/reload is not required from version 6.1,
4890 but is required from any release prior to 6.1.
4891 Refer to the release notes for 6.1 for more details.
4896 <title>Changes</title>
4900 fix for SET with options (Thomas)
4901 allow pg_dump/pg_dumpall to preserve ownership of all tables/objects(Bruce)
4902 new psql \connect option allows changing usernames without changing databases
4903 fix for initdb --debug option(Yoshihiko Ichikawa))
4904 lextest cleanup(Bruce)
4906 fix date/time month boundary arithmetic(Thomas)
4907 fix timezone daylight handling for some ports(Thomas, Bruce, Tatsuo)
4908 timestamp overhauled to use standard functions(Thomas)
4909 other code cleanup in date/time routines(Thomas)
4910 psql's \d now case-insensitive(Bruce)
4911 psql's backslash commands can now have trailing semicolon(Bruce)
4912 fix memory leak in psql when using \g(Bruce)
4913 major fix for endian handling of communication to server(Thomas, Tatsuo)
4914 Fix for Solaris assembler and include files(Yoshihiko Ichikawa)
4915 allow underscores in usernames(Bruce)
4916 pg_dumpall now returns proper status, portability fix(Bruce)
4922 <sect1 id="release-6-1">
4923 <title>Release 6.1</title>
4926 <title>Release date</title>
4927 <simpara>1997-06-08</simpara>
4931 The regression tests have been adapted and extensively modified for the
4932 6.1 release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
4936 Three new data types (<type>datetime</type>, <type>timespan</type>, and <type>circle</type>) have been added to
4937 the native set of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> types. Points, boxes, paths, and polygons
4938 have had their output formats made consistent across the data types.
4939 The polygon output in misc.out has only been spot-checked for correctness
4940 relative to the original regression output.
4944 <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> 6.1 introduces a new, alternate
4945 optimizer which uses <firstterm>genetic</firstterm>
4946 algorithms. These algorithms introduce a random behavior in the ordering
4947 of query results when the query contains multiple qualifiers or multiple
4948 tables (giving the optimizer a choice on order of evaluation). Several
4949 regression tests have been modified to explicitly order the results, and
4950 hence are insensitive to optimizer choices. A few regression tests are
4951 for data types which are inherently unordered (e.g. points and time
4952 intervals) and tests involving those types are explicitly bracketed with
4953 <command>set geqo to 'off'</command> and <command>reset geqo</command>.
4957 The interpretation of array specifiers (the curly braces around atomic
4958 values) appears to have changed sometime after the original regression
4959 tests were generated. The current <filename>./expected/*.out</filename> files reflect this
4960 new interpretation, which may not be correct!
4964 The float8 regression test fails on at least some platforms. This is due
4965 to differences in implementations of <function>pow()</function> and <function>exp()</function> and the signaling
4966 mechanisms used for overflow and underflow conditions.
4970 The <quote>random</> results in the random test should cause the
4971 <quote>random</quote> test to be <quote>failed</quote>, since the
4972 regression tests are evaluated using a simple diff. However,
4973 <quote>random</> does not seem to produce random results on my test
4974 machine (Linux/<application>gcc</>/i686).
4978 <title>Migration to version 6.1</title>
4981 This migration requires a complete dump of the 6.0 database and a
4982 restore of the database in 6.1.
4985 Those migrating from earlier 1.* releases should first upgrade to 1.09
4986 because the COPY output format was improved from the 1.02 release.
4991 <title>Changes</title>
4997 packet length checking in library routines
4998 lock manager priority patch
4999 check for under/over flow of float8(Bruce)
5000 multitable join fix(Vadim)
5001 SIGPIPE crash fix(Darren)
5002 large object fixes(Sven)
5003 allow btree indexes to handle NULLs(Vadim)
5004 timezone fixes(D'Arcy)
5005 select SUM(x) can return NULL on no rows(Thomas)
5006 internal optimizer, executor bug fixes(Vadim)
5007 fix problem where inner loop in < or <= has no rows(Vadim)
5008 prevent re-commuting join index clauses(Vadim)
5009 fix join clauses for multiple tables(Vadim)
5010 fix hash, hashjoin for arrays(Vadim)
5011 fix btree for abstime type(Vadim)
5012 large object fixes(Raymond)
5013 fix buffer leak in hash indexes (Vadim)
5014 fix rtree for use in inner scan (Vadim)
5015 fix gist for use in inner scan, cleanups (Vadim, Andrea)
5016 avoid unnecessary local buffers allocation (Vadim, Massimo)
5017 fix local buffers leak in transaction aborts (Vadim)
5018 fix file manager memmory leaks, cleanups (Vadim, Massimo)
5019 fix storage manager memmory leaks (Vadim)
5020 fix btree duplicates handling (Vadim)
5021 fix deleted tuples re-incarnation caused by vacuum (Vadim)
5022 fix SELECT varchar()/char() INTO TABLE made zero-length fields(Bruce)
5023 many psql, pg_dump, and libpq memory leaks fixed using Purify (Igor)
5027 attribute optimization statistics(Bruce)
5028 much faster new btree bulk load code(Paul)
5029 BTREE UNIQUE added to bulk load code(Vadim)
5030 new lock debug code(Massimo)
5031 massive changes to libpg++(Leo)
5032 new GEQO optimizer speeds table multitable optimization(Martin)
5033 new WARN message for non-unique insert into unique key(Marc)
5034 update x=-3, no spaces, now valid(Bruce)
5035 remove case-sensitive identifier handling(Bruce,Thomas,Dan)
5036 debug backend now pretty-prints tree(Darren)
5037 new Oracle character functions(Edmund)
5038 new plaintext password functions(Dan)
5039 no such class or insufficient privilege changed to distinct messages(Dan)
5040 new ANSI timestamp function(Dan)
5041 new ANSI Time and Date types (Thomas)
5042 move large chunks of data in backend(Martin)
5043 multicolumn btree indexes(Vadim)
5044 new SET var TO value command(Martin)
5045 update transaction status on reads(Dan)
5046 new locale settings for character types(Oleg)
5047 new SEQUENCE serial number generator(Vadim)
5048 GROUP BY function now possible(Vadim)
5049 re-organize regression test(Thomas,Marc)
5050 new optimizer operation weights(Vadim)
5051 new psql \z grant/permit option(Marc)
5052 new MONEY data type(D'Arcy,Thomas)
5053 tcp socket communication speed improved(Vadim)
5054 new VACUUM option for attribute statistics, and for certain columns (Vadim)
5055 many geometric type improvements(Thomas,Keith)
5056 additional regression tests(Thomas)
5057 new datestyle variable(Thomas,Vadim,Martin)
5058 more comparison operators for sorting types(Thomas)
5059 new conversion functions(Thomas)
5060 new more compact btree format(Vadim)
5061 allow pg_dumpall to preserve database ownership(Bruce)
5062 new SET GEQO=# and R_PLANS variable(Vadim)
5063 old (!GEQO) optimizer can use right-sided plans (Vadim)
5064 typechecking improvement in SQL parser(Bruce)
5065 new SET, SHOW, RESET commands(Thomas,Vadim)
5066 new \connect database USER option
5067 new destroydb -i option (Igor)
5068 new \dt and \di psql commands (Darren)
5069 SELECT "\n" now escapes newline (A. Duursma)
5070 new geometry conversion functions from old format (Thomas)
5074 new configuration script(Marc)
5075 readline configuration option added(Marc)
5076 OS-specific configuration options removed(Marc)
5077 new OS-specific template files(Marc)
5078 no more need to edit Makefile.global(Marc)
5079 re-arrange include files(Marc)
5080 nextstep patches (Gregor Hoffleit)
5081 removed WIN32-specific code(Bruce)
5082 removed postmaster -e option, now only postgres -e option (Bruce)
5083 merge duplicate library code in front/backends(Martin)
5084 now works with eBones, international Kerberos(Jun)
5085 more shared library support
5086 c++ include file cleanup(Bruce)
5087 warn about buggy flex(Bruce)
5088 DG/UX, Ultrix, IRIX, AIX portability fixes
5094 <sect1 id="release-6-0">
5095 <title>Release 6.0</title>
5098 <title>Release date</title>
5099 <simpara>1997-01-29</simpara>
5103 A dump/restore is required for those wishing to migrate data from
5104 previous releases of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
5108 <title>Migration from version 1.09 to version 6.0</title>
5111 This migration requires a complete dump of the 1.09 database and a
5112 restore of the database in 6.0.
5117 <title>Migration from pre-1.09 to version 6.0</title>
5120 Those migrating from earlier 1.* releases should first upgrade to 1.09
5121 because the COPY output format was improved from the 1.02 release.
5126 <title>Changes</title>
5132 ALTER TABLE bug - running postgress process needs to re-read table definition
5133 Allow vacuum to be run on one table or entire database(Bruce)
5135 Fix array over-runs of memory writes(Kurt)
5136 Fix elusive btree range/non-range bug(Dan)
5137 Fix for hash indexes on some types like time and date
5138 Fix for pg_log size explosion
5139 Fix permissions on lo_export()(Bruce)
5140 Fix unitialized reads of memory(Kurt)
5141 Fixed ALTER TABLE ... char(3) bug(Bruce)
5142 Fixed a few small memory leaks
5143 Fixed EXPLAIN handling of options and changed full_path option name
5144 Fixed output of group acl permissions
5145 Memory leaks (hunt and destroy with tools like Purify(Kurt)
5146 Minor improvements to rules system
5148 New asserts for run-checking
5149 Overhauled parser/analyze code to properly report errors and increase speed
5150 Pg_dump -d now handles NULL's properly(Bruce)
5151 Prevent SELECT NULL from crashing server (Bruce)
5152 Properly report errors when INSERT ... SELECT columns did not match
5153 Properly report errors when insert column names were not correct
5154 psql \g filename now works(Bruce)
5155 psql fixed problem with multiple statements on one line with multiple outputs
5156 Removed duplicate system OIDs
5157 SELECT * INTO TABLE . GROUP/ORDER BY gives unlink error if table exists(Bruce)
5158 Several fixes for queries that crashed the backend
5159 Starting quote in insert string errors(Bruce)
5160 Submitting an empty query now returns empty status, not just " " query(Bruce)
5164 Add EXPLAIN manual page(Bruce)
5165 Add UNIQUE index capability(Dan)
5166 Add hostname/user level access control rather than just hostname and user
5167 Add synonym of != for <>(Bruce)
5168 Allow "select oid,* from table"
5169 Allow BY,ORDER BY to specify columns by number, or by non-alias table.column(Bruce)
5170 Allow COPY from the frontend(Bryan)
5171 Allow GROUP BY to use alias column name(Bruce)
5172 Allow actual compression, not just reuse on the same page(Vadim)
5173 Allow installation-configuration option to auto-add all local users(Bryan)
5174 Allow libpq to distinguish between text value '' and null(Bruce)
5175 Allow non-postgres users with createdb privs to destroydb's
5176 Allow restriction on who can create C functions(Bryan)
5177 Allow restriction on who can do backend COPY(Bryan)
5178 Can shrink tables, pg_time and pg_log(Vadim & Erich)
5179 Change debug level 2 to print queries only, changed debug heading layout(Bruce)
5180 Change default decimal constant representation from float4 to float8(Bruce)
5181 European date format now set when postmaster is started
5182 Execute lowercase function names if not found with exact case
5183 Fixes for aggregate/GROUP processing, allow 'select sum(func(x),sum(x+y) from z'
5184 Gist now included in the distrubution(Marc)
5185 Idend authentication of local users(Bryan)
5186 Implement BETWEEN qualifier(Bruce)
5187 Implement IN qualifier(Bruce)
5188 libpq has PQgetisnull()(Bruce)
5189 libpq++ improvements
5190 New options to initdb(Bryan)
5191 Pg_dump allow dump of OIDs(Bruce)
5192 Pg_dump create indexes after tables are loaded for speed(Bruce)
5193 Pg_dumpall dumps all databases, and the user table
5194 Pginterface additions for NULL values(Bruce)
5195 Prevent postmaster from being run as root
5196 psql \h and \? is now readable(Bruce)
5197 psql allow backslashed, semicolons anywhere on the line(Bruce)
5198 psql changed command prompt for lines in query or in quotes(Bruce)
5199 psql char(3) now displays as (bp)char in \d output(Bruce)
5200 psql return code now more accurate(Bryan?)
5201 psql updated help syntax(Bruce)
5202 Re-visit and fix vacuum(Vadim)
5203 Reduce size of regression diffs, remove timezone name difference(Bruce)
5204 Remove compile-time parameters to enable binary distributions(Bryan)
5205 Reverse meaning of HBA masks(Bryan)
5206 Secure Authentication of local users(Bryan)
5207 Speed up vacuum(Vadim)
5208 Vacuum now had VERBOSE option(Bruce)
5212 All functions now have prototypes that are compared against the calls
5213 Allow asserts to be disabled easly from Makefile.global(Bruce)
5214 Change oid constants used in code to #define names
5215 Decoupled sparc and solaris defines(Kurt)
5216 Gcc -Wall compiles cleanly with warnings only from unfixable constructs
5217 Major include file reorganization/reduction(Marc)
5218 Make now stops on compile failure(Bryan)
5219 Makefile restructuring(Bryan, Marc)
5220 Merge bsdi_2_1 to bsdi(Bruce)
5221 Monitor program removed
5222 Name change from Postgres95 to PostgreSQL
5223 New config.h file(Marc, Bryan)
5224 PG_VERSION now set to 6.0 and used by postmaster
5225 Portability additions, including Ultrix, DG/UX, AIX, and Solaris
5226 Reduced the number of #define's, centeralized #define's
5227 Remove duplicate OIDS in system tables(Dan)
5228 Remove duplicate system catalog info or report mismatches(Dan)
5229 Removed many os-specific #define's
5230 Restructured object file generation/location(Bryan, Marc)
5231 Restructured port-specific file locations(Bryan, Marc)
5232 Unused/uninialized variables corrected
5238 <sect1 id="release-1-09">
5239 <title>Release 1.09</title>
5242 <title>Release date</title>
5243 <simpara>1996-11-04</simpara>
5247 Sorry, we didn't keep track of changes from 1.02 to 1.09. Some of
5248 the changes listed in 6.0 were actually included in the 1.02.1 to 1.09
5253 <sect1 id="release-1-02">
5254 <title>Release 1.02</title>
5257 <title>Release date</title>
5258 <simpara>1996-08-01</simpara>
5262 <title>Migration from version 1.02 to version 1.02.1</title>
5265 Here is a new migration file for 1.02.1. It includes the 'copy' change
5266 and a script to convert old <acronym>ASCII</acronym> files.
5270 The following notes are for the benefit of users who want to migrate
5271 databases from <productname>Postgres95</> 1.01 and 1.02 to <productname>Postgres95</> 1.02.1.
5274 If you are starting afresh with <productname>Postgres95</> 1.02.1 and do not need
5275 to migrate old databases, you do not need to read any further.
5280 In order to upgrade older <productname>Postgres95</> version 1.01 or 1.02 databases to
5281 version 1.02.1, the following steps are required:
5286 Start up a new 1.02.1 postmaster
5291 Add the new built-in functions and operators of 1.02.1 to 1.01 or 1.02
5292 databases. This is done by running the new 1.02.1 server against
5293 your own 1.01 or 1.02 database and applying the queries attached at
5294 the end of the file. This can be done easily through <command>psql</>. If your
5295 1.01 or 1.02 database is named <literal>testdb</literal> and you have cut the commands
5296 from the end of this file and saved them in <filename>addfunc.sql</filename>:
5298 % psql testdb -f addfunc.sql
5301 Those upgrading 1.02 databases will get a warning when executing the
5302 last two statements in the file because they are already present in 1.02. This is
5303 not a cause for concern.
5310 <title>Dump/Reload Procedure</title>
5313 If you are trying to reload a pg_dump or text-mode, <literal>copy tablename to
5314 stdout</literal> generated with a previous version, you will need to run the
5315 attached <command>sed</command> script on the ASCII file before loading it into the
5316 database. The old format used '.' as end-of-data, while '\.' is now the
5317 end-of-data marker. Also, empty strings are now loaded in as '' rather
5318 than NULL. See the copy manual page for full details.
5321 sed 's/^\.$/\\./g' <in_file >out_file
5325 If you are loading an older binary copy or non-<systemitem>stdout</> copy, there is no
5326 end-of-data character, and hence no conversion necessary.
5329 -- following lines added by agc to reflect the case-insensitive
5330 -- regexp searching for varchar (in 1.02), and bpchar (in 1.02.1)
5331 create operator ~* (leftarg = bpchar, rightarg = text, procedure = texticregexeq);
5332 create operator !~* (leftarg = bpchar, rightarg = text, procedure = texticregexne);
5333 create operator ~* (leftarg = varchar, rightarg = text, procedure = texticregexeq);
5334 create operator !~* (leftarg = varchar, rightarg = text, procedure = texticregexne);
5340 <title>Changes</title>
5344 Source code maintenance and development
5345 * worldwide team of volunteers
5346 * the source tree now in CVS at ftp.ki.net
5349 * psql (and underlying libpq library) now has many more options for
5350 formatting output, including HTML
5351 * pg_dump now output the schema and/or the data, with many fixes to
5352 enhance completeness.
5353 * psql used in place of monitor in administration shell scripts.
5354 monitor to be deprecated in next release.
5355 * date/time functions enhanced
5356 * NULL insert/update/comparison fixed/enhanced
5357 * TCL/TK lib and shell fixed to work with both tck7.4/tk4.0 and tcl7.5/tk4.1
5359 Bug Fixes (almost too numerous to mention)
5361 * storage management
5362 * check for NULL pointer before dereferencing
5366 * added SolarisX86 port
5367 * added BSD/OS 2.1 port
5372 Contributors (appologies to any missed)
5373 * Kurt J. Lidl <lidl@va.pubnix.com>
5374 (missed in first run, but no less important)
5375 * Erich Stamberger <eberger@gewi.kfunigraz.ac.at>
5376 * Jason Wright <jason@shiloh.vnet.net>
5377 * Cees de Groot <C.deGroot@inter.NL.net>
5378 * ernst.molitor@uni-bonn.de
5379 * michael.siebenborn@ae3.Hypo.DE (Michael Siebenborn (6929))
5380 * Brian E. Gallew <geek+@cmu.edu>
5381 * Vadim B. Mikheev <vadim@sable.krasnoyarsk.su>
5382 * Adam Sussman <myddryn@vidya.com>
5383 * Chris Dunlop <chris@onthe.net.au>
5384 * Marc G. Fournier <scrappy@ki.net>
5385 * Dan McGuirk <mcguirk@indirect.com>
5386 * Dr_George_D_Detlefsen <drgeorge@ilt.com>
5387 * Erich Stamberger <eberger@gewi.kfunigraz.ac.at>
5388 * Massimo Dal Zotto <dz@cs.unitn.it>
5389 * Randy Kunkee <kunkee@Starbase.NeoSoft.COM>
5390 * Rick Weldon <rick@wisetech.com>
5391 * Thomas van Reimersdahl <reimersd@dali.techinfo.rwth-aachen.de>
5392 * david bennett <dave@bensoft.com>
5393 * ernst.molitor@uni-bonn.de
5394 * Julian Assange <proff@suburbia.net>
5395 * Bruce Momjian <pgman@candle.pha.pa.us>
5396 * Paul "Shag" Walmsley <ccshag@cclabs.missouri.edu>
5397 * "Alistair G. Crooks" <azcb0@sde.uts.amdahl.com>
5402 <sect1 id="release-1-01">
5403 <title>Release 1.01</title>
5406 <title>Release date</title>
5407 <simpara>1996-02-23</simpara>
5412 <title>Migration from version 1.0 to version 1.01</title>
5415 The following notes are for the benefit of users who want to migrate
5416 databases from <productname>Postgres95</> 1.0 to <productname>Postgres95</> 1.01.
5419 If you are starting afresh with <productname>Postgres95</> 1.01 and do not need
5420 to migrate old databases, you do not need to read any further.
5423 In order to <productname>Postgres95</> version 1.01 with databases created with
5424 <productname>Postgres95</> version 1.0, the following steps are required:
5429 Set the definition of <symbol>NAMEDATALEN</symbol> in <filename>src/Makefile.global</filename> to 16
5430 and <symbol>OIDNAMELEN</symbol> to 20.
5435 Decide whether you want to use Host based authentication.
5440 If you do, you must create a file name <literal>pg_hba</literal> in your top-level data
5441 directory (typically the value of your <envar>$PGDATA</envar>). <filename>src/libpq/pg_hba</filename>
5442 shows an example syntax.
5447 If you do not want host-based authentication, you can comment out
5452 in <filename>src/Makefile.global</filename>
5455 Note that host-based authentication is turned on by default, and if
5456 you do not take steps A or B above, the out-of-the-box 1.01 will
5457 not allow you to connect to 1.0 databases.
5465 Compile and install 1.01, but DO NOT do the <command>initdb</command> step.
5470 Before doing anything else, terminate your 1.0 postmaster, and
5471 backup your existing <envar>$PGDATA</envar> directory.
5476 Set your <envar>PGDATA</envar> environment variable to your 1.0 databases, but set up
5477 path up so that 1.01 binaries are being used.
5482 Modify the file <filename><envar>$PGDATA</envar>/PG_VERSION</filename> from 5.0 to 5.1
5487 Start up a new 1.01 postmaster
5492 Add the new built-in functions and operators of 1.01 to 1.0
5493 databases. This is done by running the new 1.01 server against
5494 your own 1.0 database and applying the queries attached and saving
5495 in the file 1.0_to_1.01.sql. This can be done easily through <command>psql</command>.
5496 If your 1.0 database is name <literal>testdb</literal>:
5499 % psql testdb -f 1.0_to_1.01.sql
5502 and then execute the following commands (cut and paste from here):
5505 -- add builtin functions that are new to 1.01
5507 create function int4eqoid (int4, oid) returns bool as 'foo'
5508 language 'internal';
5509 create function oideqint4 (oid, int4) returns bool as 'foo'
5510 language 'internal';
5511 create function char2icregexeq (char2, text) returns bool as 'foo'
5512 language 'internal';
5513 create function char2icregexne (char2, text) returns bool as 'foo'
5514 language 'internal';
5515 create function char4icregexeq (char4, text) returns bool as 'foo'
5516 language 'internal';
5517 create function char4icregexne (char4, text) returns bool as 'foo'
5518 language 'internal';
5519 create function char8icregexeq (char8, text) returns bool as 'foo'
5520 language 'internal';
5521 create function char8icregexne (char8, text) returns bool as 'foo'
5522 language 'internal';
5523 create function char16icregexeq (char16, text) returns bool as 'foo'
5524 language 'internal';
5525 create function char16icregexne (char16, text) returns bool as 'foo'
5526 language 'internal';
5527 create function texticregexeq (text, text) returns bool as 'foo'
5528 language 'internal';
5529 create function texticregexne (text, text) returns bool as 'foo'
5530 language 'internal';
5532 -- add builtin functions that are new to 1.01
5534 create operator = (leftarg = int4, rightarg = oid, procedure = int4eqoid);
5535 create operator = (leftarg = oid, rightarg = int4, procedure = oideqint4);
5536 create operator ~* (leftarg = char2, rightarg = text, procedure = char2icregexeq);
5537 create operator !~* (leftarg = char2, rightarg = text, procedure = char2icregexne);
5538 create operator ~* (leftarg = char4, rightarg = text, procedure = char4icregexeq);
5539 create operator !~* (leftarg = char4, rightarg = text, procedure = char4icregexne);
5540 create operator ~* (leftarg = char8, rightarg = text, procedure = char8icregexeq);
5541 create operator !~* (leftarg = char8, rightarg = text, procedure = char8icregexne);
5542 create operator ~* (leftarg = char16, rightarg = text, procedure = char16icregexeq);
5543 create operator !~* (leftarg = char16, rightarg = text, procedure = char16icregexne);
5544 create operator ~* (leftarg = text, rightarg = text, procedure = texticregexeq);
5545 create operator !~* (leftarg = text, rightarg = text, procedure = texticregexne);
5553 <title>Changes</title>
5558 * 1.01 is backwards compatible with 1.0 database provided the user
5559 follow the steps outlined in the MIGRATION_from_1.0_to_1.01 file.
5560 If those steps are not taken, 1.01 is not compatible with 1.0 database.
5563 * added PQdisplayTuples() to libpq and changed monitor and psql to use it
5564 * added NeXT port (requires SysVIPC implementation)
5565 * added CAST .. AS ... syntax
5566 * added ASC and DESC keywords
5567 * added 'internal' as a possible language for CREATE FUNCTION
5568 internal functions are C functions which have been statically linked
5569 into the postgres backend.
5570 * a new type "name" has been added for system identifiers (table names,
5571 attribute names, etc.) This replaces the old char16 type. The
5572 of name is set by the NAMEDATALEN #define in src/Makefile.global
5573 * a readable reference manual that describes the query language.
5574 * added host-based access control. A configuration file ($PGDATA/pg_hba)
5575 is used to hold the configuration data. If host-based access control
5576 is not desired, comment out HBA=1 in src/Makefile.global.
5577 * changed regex handling to be uniform use of Henry Spencer's regex code
5578 regardless of platform. The regex code is included in the distribution
5579 * added functions and operators for case-insensitive regular expressions.
5580 The operators are ~* and !~*.
5581 * pg_dump uses COPY instead of SELECT loop for better performance
5584 * fixed an optimizer bug that was causing core dumps when
5585 functions calls were used in comparisons in the WHERE clause
5586 * changed all uses of getuid to geteuid so that effective uids are used
5587 * psql now returns non-zero status on errors when using -c
5588 * applied public patches 1-14
5594 <sect1 id="release-1-0">
5595 <title>Release 1.0</title>
5598 <title>Release date</title>
5599 <simpara>1995-09-05</simpara>
5603 <title>Changes</title>
5608 * The copyright of <productname>Postgres</productname> 1.0 has been loosened to be freely modifiable
5609 and modifiable for any purpose. Please read the COPYRIGHT file.
5610 Thanks to Professor Michael Stonebraker for making this possible.
5613 * date formats have to be MM-DD-YYYY (or DD-MM-YYYY if you're using
5614 EUROPEAN STYLE). This follows SQL-92 specs.
5615 * "delimiters" is now a keyword
5618 * sql LIKE syntax has been added
5619 * copy command now takes an optional USING DELIMITER specification.
5620 delimiters can be any single-character string.
5621 * IRIX 5.3 port has been added.
5622 Thanks to Paul Walmsley and others.
5623 * updated pg_dump to work with new libpq
5624 * \d has been added psql
5625 Thanks to Keith Parks
5626 * regexp performance for architectures that use POSIX regex has been
5627 improved due to caching of precompiled patterns.
5628 Thanks to Alistair Crooks
5629 * a new version of libpq++
5630 Thanks to William Wanders
5633 * arbitrary userids can be specified in the createuser script
5634 * \c to connect to other databases in psql now works.
5635 * bad pg_proc entry for float4inc() is fixed
5636 * users with usecreatedb field set can now create databases without
5637 having to be usesuper
5638 * remove access control entries when the entry no longer has any
5640 * fixed non-portable datetimes implementation
5641 * added kerberos flags to the src/backend/Makefile
5642 * libpq now works with kerberos
5643 * typographic errors in the user manual have been corrected.
5644 * btrees with multiple index never worked, now we tell you they don't
5645 work when you try to use them
5651 <sect1 id="release-0-03">
5652 <title><productname>Postgres95</productname> Release 0.03</title>
5655 <title>Release date</title>
5656 <simpara>1995-07-21</simpara>
5660 <title>Changes</title>
5663 Incompatible changes:
5664 * BETA-0.3 IS INCOMPATIBLE WITH DATABASES CREATED WITH PREVIOUS VERSIONS
5665 (due to system catalog changes and indexing structure changes).
5666 * double-quote (") is deprecated as a quoting character for string literals;
5667 you need to convert them to single quotes ('). <!-- " -->
5668 * name of aggregates (eg. int4sum) are renamed in accordance with the
5669 SQL standard (eg. sum).
5670 * CHANGE ACL syntax is replaced by GRANT/REVOKE syntax.
5671 * float literals (eg. 3.14) are now of type float4 (instead of float8 in
5672 previous releases); you might have to do typecasting if you depend on it
5673 being of type float8. If you neglect to do the typecasting and you assign
5674 a float literal to a field of type float8, you may get incorrect values
5676 * LIBPQ has been totally revamped so that frontend applications
5677 can connect to multiple backends
5678 * the usesysid field in pg_user has been changed from int2 to int4 to
5679 allow wider range of Unix user ids.
5680 * the netbsd/freebsd/bsd o/s ports have been consolidated into a
5681 single BSD44_derived port. (thanks to Alistair Crooks)
5683 SQL standard-compliance (the following details changes that makes postgres95
5684 more compliant to the SQL-92 standard):
5685 * the following SQL types are now built-in: smallint, int(eger), float, real,
5686 char(N), varchar(N), date and time.
5688 The following are aliases to existing postgres types:
5690 integer, int -> int4
5691 float, real -> float4
5692 char(N) and varchar(N) are implemented as truncated text types. In
5693 addition, char(N) does blank-padding.
5694 * single-quote (') is used for quoting string literals; '' (in addition to
5695 \') is supported as means of inserting a single quote in a string
5696 * SQL standard aggregate names (MAX, MIN, AVG, SUM, COUNT) are used
5697 (Also, aggregates can now be overloaded, i.e. you can define your
5698 own MAX aggregate to take in a user-defined type.)
5699 * CHANGE ACL removed. GRANT/REVOKE syntax added.
5700 - Privileges can be given to a group using the "GROUP" keyword.
5702 GRANT SELECT ON foobar TO GROUP my_group;
5703 The keyword 'PUBLIC' is also supported to mean all users.
5705 Privileges can only be granted or revoked to one user or group
5708 "WITH GRANT OPTION" is not supported. Only class owners can change
5710 - The default access control is to to grant users readonly access.
5711 You must explicitly grant insert/update access to users. To change
5712 this, modify the line in
5713 src/backend/utils/acl.h
5714 that defines ACL_WORLD_DEFAULT
5717 * the bug where aggregates of empty tables were not run has been fixed. Now,
5718 aggregates run on empty tables will return the initial conditions of the
5719 aggregates. Thus, COUNT of an empty table will now properly return 0.
5720 MAX/MIN of an empty table will return a tuple of value NULL.
5721 * allow the use of \; inside the monitor
5722 * the LISTEN/NOTIFY asynchronous notification mechanism now work
5723 * NOTIFY in rule action bodies now work
5724 * hash indexes work, and access methods in general should perform better.
5725 creation of large btree indexes should be much faster. (thanks to Paul
5728 Other changes and enhancements:
5729 * addition of an EXPLAIN statement used for explaining the query execution
5730 plan (eg. "EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM EMP" prints out the execution plan for
5732 * WARN and NOTICE messages no longer have timestamps on them. To turn on
5733 timestamps of error messages, uncomment the line in
5734 src/backend/utils/elog.h:
5735 /* define ELOG_TIMESTAMPS */
5736 * On an access control violation, the message
5737 "Either no such class or insufficient privilege"
5738 will be given. This is the same message that is returned when
5739 a class is not found. This dissuades non-privileged users from
5740 guessing the existence of privileged classes.
5741 * some additional system catalog changes have been made that are not
5742 visible to the user.
5745 * The -oid option has been added to the "pg_result" tcl command.
5746 pg_result -oid returns oid of the last tuple inserted. If the
5747 last command was not an INSERT, then pg_result -oid returns "".
5748 * the large object interface is available as pg_lo* tcl commands:
5749 pg_lo_open, pg_lo_close, pg_lo_creat, etc.
5751 Portability enhancements and New Ports:
5752 * flex/lex problems have been cleared up. Now, you should be able to use
5753 flex instead of lex on any platforms. We no longer make assumptions of
5754 what lexer you use based on the platform you use.
5755 * The Linux-ELF port is now supported. Various configuration have been
5756 tested: The following configuration is known to work:
5757 kernel 1.2.10, gcc 2.6.3, libc 4.7.2, flex 2.5.2, bison 1.24
5758 with everything in ELF format,
5761 * ipcclean added to the distribution
5762 ipcclean usually does not need to be run, but if your backend crashes
5763 and leaves shared memory segments hanging around, ipcclean will
5764 clean them up for you.
5767 * the user manual has been revised and libpq documentation added.
5773 <sect1 id="release-0-02">
5774 <title><productname>Postgres95</productname> Release 0.02</title>
5777 <title>Release date</title>
5778 <simpara>1995-05-25</simpara>
5782 <title>Changes</title>
5786 Incompatible changes:
5787 * The SQL statement for creating a database is 'CREATE DATABASE' instead
5788 of 'CREATEDB'. Similarly, dropping a database is 'DROP DATABASE' instead
5789 of 'DESTROYDB'. However, the names of the executables 'createdb' and
5790 'destroydb' remain the same.
5793 * pgperl - a Perl (4.036) interface to Postgres95
5794 * pg_dump - a utility for dumping out a postgres database into a
5795 script file containing query commands. The script files are in a ASCII
5796 format and can be used to reconstruct the database, even on other
5797 machines and other architectures. (Also good for converting
5798 a Postgres 4.2 database to Postgres95 database.)
5800 The following ports have been incorporated into postgres95-beta-0.02:
5801 * the NetBSD port by Alistair Crooks
5802 * the AIX port by Mike Tung
5803 * the Windows NT port by Jon Forrest (more stuff but not done yet)
5804 * the Linux ELF port by Brian Gallew
5806 The following bugs have been fixed in postgres95-beta-0.02:
5807 * new lines not escaped in COPY OUT and problem with COPY OUT when first
5809 * cannot type return to use the default user id in createuser
5810 * SELECT DISTINCT on big tables crashes
5811 * Linux installation problems
5812 * monitor doesn't allow use of 'localhost' as PGHOST
5813 * psql core dumps when doing \c or \l
5814 * the "pgtclsh" target missing from src/bin/pgtclsh/Makefile
5815 * libpgtcl has a hard-wired default port number
5816 * SELECT DISTINCT INTO TABLE hangs
5817 * CREATE TYPE doesn't accept 'variable' as the internallength
5818 * wrong result using more than 1 aggregate in a SELECT
5824 <sect1 id="release-0-01">
5825 <title><productname>Postgres95</productname> Release 0.01</title>
5828 <title>Release date</title>
5829 <simpara>1995-05-01</simpara>
5838 <sect1 id="timing-results">
5839 <title>Timing Results</title>
5842 These timing results are from running the regression test with the commands
5845 % cd src/test/regress
5851 Timing under Linux 2.0.27 seems to have a roughly 5% variation from run
5852 to run, presumably due to the scheduling vagaries of multitasking systems.
5856 <title>Version 6.5</title>
5859 As has been the case for previous releases, timing between
5860 releases is not directly comparable since new regression tests
5861 have been added. In general, 6.5 is faster than previous
5866 Timing with <function>fsync()</function> disabled:
5870 02:00 Dual Pentium Pro 180, 224MB, UW-SCSI, Linux 2.0.36, gcc 2.7.2.3 -O2 -m486
5871 04:38 Sparc Ultra 1 143MHz, 64MB, Solaris 2.6
5876 Timing with <function>fsync()</function> enabled:
5880 04:21 Dual Pentium Pro 180, 224MB, UW-SCSI, Linux 2.0.36, gcc 2.7.2.3 -O2 -m486
5883 For the <systemitem class="osname">Linux</systemitem> system above, using <acronym>UW-SCSI</acronym> disks rather than (older) <acronym>IDE</acronym>
5884 disks leads to a 50% improvement in speed on the regression test.
5889 <title>Version 6.4beta</title>
5892 The times for this release are not directly comparable to those for previous releases
5893 since some additional regression tests have been included.
5894 In general, however, 6.4 should be slightly faster than the previous release (thanks, Bruce!).
5899 02:26 Dual Pentium Pro 180, 96MB, UW-SCSI, Linux 2.0.30, gcc 2.7.2.1 -O2 -m486
5905 <title>Version 6.3</title>
5908 The times for this release are not directly comparable to those for previous releases
5909 since some additional regression tests have been included and some obsolete tests involving
5910 time travel have been removed.
5911 In general, however, 6.3 is substantially faster than previous releases (thanks, Bruce!).
5916 02:30 Dual Pentium Pro 180, 96MB, UW-SCSI, Linux 2.0.30, gcc 2.7.2.1 -O2 -m486
5917 04:12 Dual Pentium Pro 180, 96MB, EIDE, Linux 2.0.30, gcc 2.7.2.1 -O2 -m486
5923 <title>Version 6.1</title>
5928 06:12 Pentium Pro 180, 32MB, EIDE, Linux 2.0.30, gcc 2.7.2 -O2 -m486
5929 12:06 P-100, 48MB, Linux 2.0.29, gcc
5930 39:58 Sparc IPC 32MB, Solaris 2.5, gcc 2.7.2.1 -O -g
5938 <!-- Keep this comment at the end of the file
5943 sgml-minimize-attributes:nil
5944 sgml-always-quote-attributes:t
5947 sgml-parent-document:nil
5948 sgml-default-dtd-file:"./reference.ced"
5949 sgml-exposed-tags:nil
5950 sgml-local-catalogs:("/usr/lib/sgml/catalog")
5951 sgml-local-ecat-files:nil